Reviewer niyo oh

Good luck everyone, ngayon pa lang, sir Ridel is all proud of you for making this far!!!

I. INTRODUCTION to STS
Science – body of knowledge that deals with a body of facts or truths
Technology – the application of science or scientific knowledge
Society – a group of people that lives together in a community with common interest or
interaction

II. HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS

Potter Wheel - a heavy flat disk made of hardened clay which was spun horizontally on axis.
Papyrus - is made from the pith of the papyrus plant cyperus papyrus.
Shadoof - is a hand –operated device used for lifting water. Its invention introduced the idea of
lifting things using counter weights.
Aeolipile - is a steamed powered turbine which spun when the water container at its center was
heated, thus making it practically the first rudimentary steam engine
Heavy Plough - most important technological inventions during the middle ages. It turned the
European agriculture and economy to its head
Gunpowder - around 850 AD, Chinese alchemist accidentally invented black powder or
gunpowder.
Paper Money – traced back in in 17th century AD as an offshoot of the invention of block
printing, which is similar to stamping.
Spinning Wheel - a machine used for transforming fiber into thread or yarn
Compound Microscope - it was capable of magnifying objects
Telescope - this invention could magnify objects 20 times larger than the Dutch perspective
glasses
Engine Powered Airplane - Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright (brothers) are credited for
designing and successfully operating the first engine powered aircraft and flight scientifically.
e-jeepney – response to criticism to traditional jeepneys
erythromycin – invention by Abelardo Aguilar
Medical incubator – invention by Fe Del Mundo
 CRADLES OF SCIENCE
INCA
- innovative irrigation system
- developed technique for storing water for the growth of crops
- roads paved with stone
MAYAN
- works in Astronomy
- uses Astrological Cycles in planting and harvesting
- known for their complicated calendar system
AZTEC
- invention of canoe
- introduced compulsory education
- have their own Aztec calendar
AFRICA
- development of Geometry
- Pyramids

III. INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY

Rubber Balls – used for recreational games
Nicolaus Copernicus – thought experiment only
- 2 planetary motions
Charles Darwin – The origin of Species
Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalysis
IV. SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND NATION BUILDING
Famous Filipinos in the field of Science
1. Ramon Cabanos Barba- research on tissue culture in Philippine mangoes
2. Josefino Cacas Comiso - characteristics of Antarctica by using satellite images
3. Jose Bejar Cruz Jr. – known internationally in the field of electrical engineering; officer of
the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering.
4. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz - research on sea snail venom
5. Fabian Millar Dayrit - research on herbal medicine
6. Rafael Dineros Guerrero III - research on tilapia culture
7. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.- invented the meconium drugs testing
8. Lilian Formalejo Patena - research on plant biotechonology
9. Gregory Ligot Tangonan - research in the field of communications technology
10. William Padolina – president of NAST

The Philippine Government

Ferdinand Marcos
• Mandated the Department of Education and Culture to promote science courses in public high
schools
• Additional budget for research projects in applied sciences and science education
• Philippine Science Community (PSC), National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA)
and several agencies and organizations were established wherein seminars, workshops, training
programs, and scholarships on fisheries and oceanography were also sponsored.
• Philippine Science High School teachers and administratives salary increases and the PSHS
Mindanao and Visayas campuses were established during Marcos’ time.

Corazon Aquino
• NSTA was renamed Department of Science and Technology (DOST
• The Science and Technology Master Plan penned by DOST
Fidel V. Ramos
• The Philippines had approximately 3,000 competent scientists and engineers
• The “Doctors to the Barrio” Program made healthcare accessible even in far-flung areas in the
country.

Joseph Estrada
• RA 8749: The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 and RA 8792: Electronic Commerce Act of
2000 were both signed and mandated

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

• Science and technology sector were developed to strengthen the education system and to
address poverty.
• RA 9367: Biofuels Act

Benigno Aquino III

• RH Bill

Rodrigo Duterte
• priority budget for the Research and Development (R&D)
• Philippine Space Technology Program

Philippine Science High School System (PSHSS)

- This is a government program for gifted students in the Philippines. It is a service
institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) whose mandated is to
offer free scholarship basis for secondary course with special emphasis on subjects
pertaining to the sciences.
Quezon City Regional Science High School (QCRSHS)
- The school was established on September 17, 1967. Originally it was named Quezon City
Science High School. It was turned into a regional science high school for the National
Capital Region in 1999.
Manila Science High School (MSHS)
 - The school was established on October 1, 1963 as the Manila Science High School
(MSHS). It is the first science high school in the Philippines. The organization and
curriculum of the school puts more emphasis on science and mathematics.
Central Visayan Institute Foundation (CVIF)
The school takes pride in its Research Center for Theoretical Physics (RCTP) established in
1992, which organizes small international workshops to foster the informal but intense exchange
of ideas and perspectives on outstanding problems in physics and mathematics.

V. HUMAN FLOURISHING
Seppuku - A ritual suicide performed by Samurai
Harakiri - ritualistic self-assassination reserved for samurai class
Kamikaze – translated to divine wind
Eudaimonia – meaning “good spirited”
- may lead to HUMAN FLOURISHING
- highest peak of happiness
Verification Theory - If it is repeatable, accept, if it is not, reject!
Falsification Theory - If it is not yet proven to be false, do not reject it.
- Proponent is Karl Popper

VI. TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF REVEALING

Martin Heidegger – Technology can either bring the best or worst in humans
Essence of Technology
1. Low mortality rate
2. High income to countries resulting in high GDI
3. Higher literacy rate
4. Better average lifespan