Nututiu igi ski`t....

]agrkdc wkd`tk, harus`k ?5 tkbud, lktkdc ia in`d`i lgitar ladckd ianubkd dyar` pklk
ialuk nutut. Ianubkd l`rkskikd sajki 8 tkbud ykdc nknu, dkfud hartkfhkb harkt sajki 8
f`dccu tarkib`r satankb pks`ad hkdyki fankiuikd kit`o`tks harjknkd jkub. Kwkndyk
dyar` l`rkskikd t`fhun pklk nutut i`r` iaful`kd l`rkskikd juck dyar` pklk nutut ikdkd.
Dyar` l`rkskikd sapart` l`tusui- tusui, b`nkdc t`fhun, lkd t`lki fadjknkr, bkdyk pklk
nutut. Dyar` l`rkskikd tarutkfk h`nk padlar`tk harckdt` pgs`s` (lkr` lului ia harl`r`
lkd lkr` harl`r` ia lului). Dyar` hariurkdc h`nk pks`ad har`st`rkbkt lkd f`duf ghkt
padcb
pa dcb`nk
`nkdc
dc dya
dyar`
r` (f
(fadu
adurut
rut pa
padck
dckiuk
iukdd pks
pks`ad
`ad `k fa
fadlk
dlkpkt
pkt ghk
ghktt fa
fangi
ngis`i
s`ikf
kf lkr
lkr``
pusiasfks). ]kkt `d` pks`ad lktkdc ladckd iaklkkd nutut ikdkd ykdc hartkfhkb dyar`,
funk` hadciki, pkdks lkd iafarkbkd. Uks`ad fadladckr klk hudy` cafaratki pklk
nutut skkt kikd funk` harjknkd ktku skkt l`carkiikd. Uks`ad fadcknkf` ikiu pklk pkc`
bkr` iurkdc lkr` 1 fad`t. Uks`ad fks`b lkpkt fankiuikd kit`o`tks sabkr`-bkr` tkdpk
fadccudkikd knkt hkdtu lkd tkdpk hkdtukd grkdc nk`d, dkfud pks`ad farksk iasun`tkd
i asun`tkd
h`nk bkrus harjknkd jkub lkd fankiuikd kit`v`tks l` tg`nat. X`wkykt tarhadtur pklk nutut
i`r` iurkdc nah`b ;5 tkbud ykdc nknu lkd parc` ia tuikdc urut udtui fadcb`nkdcikd
dyar`.

Uartkdykkd :
;. Fad
Fadckp
ckpkk nutut
nutut pks`
pks`ad
ad tar
tarksk
ksk dyar
dyar`` 7
8. Fa
Fadc
dckp
kpkk rk
rksk
sk dy
dyar
ar`` ta
tars
rsah
ahut
ut ha
hart
rtkf
kfhk
hkb
b pk
pkrk
rkb
b sk
skkt
kt fa
fank
nkiu
iuikd
ikd ki
kit`
t`v`
v`tk
tkss lk
lkd
d
fafhk`i satankb `st`rkbkt lkd f`duf ghkt paralk dyar` 7
=. Fad
Fadckp
ckpkk dya
dyar`
r` nutut
nutut l` kwkn` ladckd
ladckd sktu s`s`
s`s` (i`
(i`r`)
r`) nknu l``iut
l``iut`` lad
ladckd
ckd s`s` ykdc
ykdc
nk`ddyk7
<. Fadck
Fadckpk
pk dyar`
dyar` ykdc l`rks
l`rkskikd
kikd t`lki fadj
fadjknkr7
knkr7
1. Fadck
Fadckpk
pk nutut
nutut pks`ad
pks`ad tkfpki
tkfpki hadciki,
hadciki, tarkhk
tarkhk pkdks
pkdks lkd iafark
iafarkbkd7
bkd7
?. Fadck
Fadckpk
pk klk hudy
hudy`` cafarat
cafaratki
ki pklk
pklk skkt sadl
sadl`` l`carkiik
l`carkiikd7
d7
3. Fadck
Fadckpk
pk pks`ad
pks`ad fadckn
fadcknkf`
kf` iaikiukd
iaikiukd sadl
sadl`` pklk pkc`
pkc` bkr`
bkr` 7
2. Kpkikb klk
klk buhudckd
buhudckd kdtkrk
kdtkrk dyar`
dyar` nutut
nutut pks`ad
pks`ad ladckd
ladckd m`lark
m`lark ykdc l`knkf`d
l`knkf`dyk
yk ;5
tb ykdc nknu7
0. Kpk
Kpkikb
ikb padcghk
padcghktkd
tkd pks`ad
pks`ad yk`
yk`tu
tu lad
ladckd
ckd iatuikd
iatuikdc
c uru
urutt har
harpa
padck
dckrub
rub tarbklk
tarbklkp
p
igdl`s` pks`ad skkt `d`7
;5. Fadckpk ghkt fangis`ikf
fangis`ikf t`lki lkpkt fadcktks` padyki`t
padyki`t pks`ad7
;;. Fang
Fangis`ikf
is`ikf jad`s
jad`s ghkt kpk
kpk 7

;8. Kpk skjk iafudci`dkd

iafudci`dkd padyki`t ykdc lkpkt tarjkl` pklk pks`ad
pks`ad 7
 

;=. Kpkikb klk buhudckd jad`s iankf`d lkd us`k ladckd

ladckd ianubkd pks`ad7
;<. Kpkikb tarfksu
tarfksui
i iackwktlkrurktk
iackwktlkrurktkd
d7
;1. \ktknk
\ktknkiskdk
iskdk kwkn ykdc lkpkt l`nkiu
l`nkiuikd7
ikd7
;?. Uafar`iskkd o`s`i
o`s`i lkd padudjkdc
padudjkdc kpk ykdc lkpkt l`nkiuikd
l`nkiuikd 7
;3. Kpkikb kit`v`tks harjknkd
harjknkd jkub fafparpkrkb
fafparpkrkb ianubkd pks`ad7

 Jkwkh :

;. Ikradk :
]adl` tarl`r` ktks luk tunkdc ykdc skn`dc harbuhudckd. \`kp tunkdc tl pafuikkd
ujudcdyk l`nkp`s` gnab nkp`skd mkrt`nkca yk`tu mgddamt`va t`ssua ykdc fafulkbikd
ialuk tunkdc lkpkt harcarki tkdpk klkdyk casaikd. Uklk buhudckd kdtkr tunkdc
tarsah
tarsahut
ut juc
juckk tar
tarlkp
lkpkt
kt syd
sydgv`
gv`uf
uf ykd
ykdc
c har
harou
oudcs
dcs`` udt
udtui
ui fa
fadcb
dcbks`
ks`nik
nikd
d mk`
mk`rkd
rkd
sydgv`
sydgv`kn
kn ykd
ykdc
c fa
fanuf
nufks`
ks` sad
sadl`‖
l`‖.. ]`d
]`dgv`
gv`uf
uf lkd mkrt`n
mkrt`nkca
kca tkl
tkl`` fa
fafha
fhadtu
dtui
i `dd
`ddar
ar
n`d`dc lr rukdc sadl`. ]`dgv`kf tarl`r` ktks jkr`dckd `ikt ngdcckr, pafhunub lkrkb,
pafhunub n`foa, lkd l`parfuikkddyk klk typa K mann ykdc fafhars`bikd mannunkr
lahr`s lkd typa H manns ykdc fadcbks`nikd mk`rkd sydgv`kn.
Qdtui fafpartkbkdikd iasabktkd lr mkrt`nkca tkl` fkik l`parnuikd parkd padt`dc
lr mbgdlrgmyta ykdc l`bks`nikd lkd tartkdkf l` lknkf fktr`x axtrkmannunkr. Fktr`x
axtrkmannunkr `d` fadckdludc typa @@ mgnnkcad yk`tu prgta`d ykdc harparkd padt`dc
lknkf
lknkf str
struit
uitur
ur mbg
mbgdlr
dlrgmy
gmyta
ta tkl
tkl`,
`, iaf
iaful`
ul`kd
kd klk prg
prgtag
tagcny
cnymkd
mkd.. Igfp
Igfpgd
gdad
ad tl
fafhar` iaiuktkd lkd ankst`s`tks pklk mkrt`nkca lkd fafhkdtu systaf parsadl`kd
lnkf fafufpu harkt hklkd tarnah`b pklk hkc`kd tuhub ykdc fadufpu hahkd
pkn`dc harkt yk`tu tunut, pkdccun, lkd ngwar nufhkr sp`da.
Uklk
Uklk gr
grkd
kdc
c yk
ykdc
dc sabk
sabktt mb
mbgd
gdlr
lrgm
gmyt
ytaa fa
fafp
fpar
artk
tkbk
bkdi
dikd
kd ia
iasa
sa`f
`fhk
hkdc
dckd
kd kd
kdtk
tkrk
rk
padcbkmurkd mkrt`nkca ykdc nkfk (mktkhgn`m) lkd prgluis` mkrt`nkca hkru (kdkhgn`m).
Iat`ik
Iat`ik prg
prgsas
sas mkt
mktkhg
khgn`m
n`m tkl
tkl`` fa
fad`d
d`dcik
ciktt fki
fkikk kik
kikd
d tarjk
tarjkl`
l` padu
padurud
rudkd
kd ikp
ikpks`
ks`tks
tks
mkrt`nkca fanknu` padurudkd prgtagcnymkds lkd mgnnkcad.

Nknu kpk ykdc fadyahkhikd prgsas mktkhgn`m tl fad`dcikt7

 

Uartkfk klknkb
Uartkfk klknkb padkfhkbkd us`k, dkfud `d` fafarnuikd wkitu ykdc nkfk.
Iaful`kd h`sk jkl` ikr
kraadk `donkfks` ykd
ykdc
c fa
fady
dyah
ahkh
khik
ikd
d kl
klkd
kdyk
yk s`
s`tg
tgi`
i`d
d
prg`do
prg`donkf
nkfks`
ks` spt
spt @N-
@N-;,
;, @N-
@N-?,
?, lkd \D
\DO.
O. ]`t
]`tgi`
gi`d
d `d` ha
harpa
rparkd
rkd lkn
lknkf
kf pa
padcr
dcrus
uskikd
kikd
mkrt`nkca fanknu` prgtagnys`s.
Iat`ck klknkb
Iat`ck klknkb trkufk pklk sadl` ykdc fadyahkhikd parklkdckd
Iaafpkt   klk
Iaafpkt klknkb
nkb wakr d tak
takrr yk`
yk`tu
tu saf
safki`
ki`d
d nkf
nkfkk sad
sadl`
l` l`cud
l`cudkikd
kikd fkik kik
kikd
d
safki`d fad`p`s
Dkb sahkh l`ktks nkb ykdc
y kdc lkpkt fadyahkhikd pad`p`skd lkr` mkrt`nkca
Kpkh`nk iaruskikd mkrt`nkca fad`dcikt fkik prgluis` prgtagcnymkd kikd funk`
hariurkdc lkd pad`dciktkd typa @@ mgnnkcad dkfud kikd l`ckdt`ikd gnab typa @
mgnn
mgnnkc
kcad
ad.. Dk
Dkfu
fud
d sk
skyk
ykdc
dcdy
dykk ty
typa
pa @ mg
mgnn
nnkc
kcad
ad `d
`d`` t`
t`lk
lki
i lk
lkpk
pktt ha
har`
r`ik
iktk
tkd
d lc
prgt
prgtag
agcn
cnym
ymkd
kd lad
ladckd
ckd hk`
hk`i
i lkd fa
fadya
dyahkh
hkhikd
ikd pa
padur
durudk
udkd
d ank
ankst`
st`s`t
s`tks
ks lr fkt
fktr`x
r`x
mkrt`nkca.
mkrt`nkca. Nkfk iankfkkd mbgd
mbgdlrgmy
lrgmyta
ta kikd fan
fanafkb
afkb lkd kib`r
kib`rdyk
dyk fad
fadcknkf
cknkf``
kpgptgs`s.
Ki`hkt
Ki`hktdyk
dyk,, mkr
mkrt`n
t`nkca
kca fa
fadjk
djkl`
l` nah
nah`b
`b nu
nudki
dki,, nafkb
nafkb,, lkd har
hariur
iurkdc
kdc ank
ankst`
st`s`t
s`tksd
ksdyk.
yk.
Uarfuikkd mart`nkca fadjkl` tarianupks lkd pkrt`iandyk fksui ia rukdc sydgv`kn.
Ukrt`ian ykdc ruski tl iaful`kd haruskbk l` hars`bikd gnab typa K mann sydgv`uf
lkd san
san `fu
`fud
d spt n`fog
n`fogs`t
s`t lkd fki
fkirgo
rgokc
kc fks
fksui
ui ia lkn
lknkf
kf syd
sydgv`
gv`kn
kn fa
fafh
fhrkd
rkdaa
fadcbks`nikd s`tgi`d prg`donkfks` lkd fadcbks`nikd `donkfks` l` sydgv`uf, ktku
l`sahut sydgv`t`s.
Mkrt
Mkrt`c
`ckn
knaa taru
taruss fa
fadc
dckn
knkf
kf`` args
args`` b`dc
b`dcck
ck pa
parf
rfui
uikk
kkd
d tunk
tunkdc
dc tarn
tarn`b
`bkt
kt lk
lkd
d
fady
fadyah
ahkh
khikd casaik
ikd casaikd
d kdt
kdtkrt
krtunk
unkdc,
dc, pkr
pkrt`i
t`ian
an dyk fa
fadya
dyahkh
hkhikd
ikd `do
`donkf
nkfks`
ks`,, lkd
farkdcskdc dyar` pklk ujudc skrko rukdc sadl`. @d`nkb ykdc fadyahkhikd dyar`.
Iaful
Iaful`kd
`kd sa`r`
sa`r`dc
dc har
harjkn
jknkdd
kddyk
yk wki
wkitu
tu tar
tarhad
hadtui
tui gs
gsta
tago`t ykdc kikd fadcar`tks`
go`t
fafhr
fafhrkd
kd s`d
s`dgv`
gv`kn
kn l`f
l`fkdk
kdk tar
tarlkp
lkpkt
kt hkd
hkdyki
yki ras
rasap
aptgr
tgr-ra
-rasap
saptgr
tgr dya
dyar`.
r`.   Ladckd
tarjap`t
tarj dyk ujud
ap`tdyk ujudc-uj
c-ujudc
udc skrko ykdc tarlkp
tarlkpkt
kt l`sai`tkr sadl` ikrad
ikradkk tarh
tarhadtu
adtuidyk
idyk
gstago`t sartk klkdyk pafhadcikikd lkd padahknkd jkr`dckd nudki  l`sai`tkr sadl`
fkik kikd fad`fhunikd dyar` taikd lkd dyar` carki.
 Uklk sadl` tkl` juck lkpkt tarjkl`
tarjkl` suhkrt`munkr myst ogrfkt`gd
ogrfkt`gd lc smnargs`s pklk
tunkdc l`sai`tkrdyk, gstagpbyta ogrfkt`gd lkd mkpsunkr o`hrgs`s.
 

 Ladckd l`s`dtacrks` tunkdc rkwkd ykdc prgcras`o, tunkdc l` hkwkbdyk fadjkl`

tarhuik lkd haharkpk krak pklk tunkdc tarcarus, ktku tarcgsgi, sab`dcck kikd
skdc
skdckt
kt ski`
ski`tt j`ik
j`ik l`ca
l`cark
rkii
iikd
kd lk
lkd
d tarl
tarlad
adck
ckrr sukr
sukrkk ca
cafa
fara
ratk
tki/
i/ir
irap
ap`t
`tks
ks``
(fadjkwkh dg. ?) Iaikiukd pklk ikpsun sadl` lkpkt fadyahkhikd igdtrkitur

(tartkr`i
(tartkr`idyk
dyk)) sadl`
sadl` lkd fa
fadya
dyahkh
hkhikd
ikd tar
tarhkt
hktksd
ksdyk
yk car
carkikd
kikd.. Uadla
Uadlar`t
r`tkk kik
kikd
d
farkskikd carkikd sadl`
sadl` t`lki n`m`d ykdc l`sa
l`sartk`
rtk` hudy` cafa
cafaratki
ratki (irap`tus).
]adl` tarksk nah`b ikiu satankb `st`rkbkt. Uarnkbkd-nkbkd sadl` kikd hartkfhkb
ikiu. (dg ?)
 Dyar` l`nutut juck h`sk l`sahkhikd gnab pad`dciktkd taikdkd `dtrkgssagus pklk
tunkdc
tunkdc suhig
suhigdlrkn
dlrkn ykdc fad`
fad`fhun
fhunikd
ikd bkfh
bkfhktkd
ktkd vadgu
vadguss gut ongw
ongw,, sab`
sab`dcck
dcck
t`fhun dyar`. Dyar` fudci`d juck lkr` tunkdc par`gstauf ki`hkt gstagp`t.
 Xksk ski`t juck lkpkt l`sahkhikd ianafkbkd lkd ktrgp` lr gtgt iuklr`sap.
iuklr`sap . Gtgt
klknkb far
farupkik
upkikd
d igfp
igfpgdad
gdad ykdc padt
padt`dc
`dc lknkf faf
fafhkdtu
hkdtu fad
fadstkh`
stkh`n`s`r
n`s`r
parsadl`
parsadl`kd.
kd. ]ahk
]ahkn`idy
n`idykk ladck
ladckd
d padc
padcuktkd
uktkd gtgt iuklr
iuklr`sap
`sap lkpkt fad
fadcurkd
curkdc`
c`
ktrgp` pklk gtgt lkd fafhkdtu fan`dludc` sartk fafparhk`i` prghnaf ykdc
fudmun ki`hkt `dstkh`n`tks ktku rksk ski`t ykdc l`ki`hktikd gnab ianafkbkd gtgt.
 ]ydg
]ydgv`
v`kn
kn o`
o`hr
hrgh
ghnk
nkst
st,, fu
fum`
m`dg
dgus
us cn`i
cn`igp
gprg
rgta
ta`d
`d,, sa
sahk
hkck`
ck` pa
padc
dcbk
bks`
s`nn nuhr
nuhr`i
`ikd
kd,,
fadcknkf`
fadcknkf` `donk
`donkfks`
fks` fkik sydg
sydgv`kn
v`kn o`hr
o`hrghnks
ghnkstt fum`
fum`dgus
dgus fad
fadurud
urud,, tli klk
nuhr`ikd fkik kikd tarksk dyar`.

8. Fad
Fadckp
ckpkk faf
fafhu
hurui
rui pk
pklk
lk skk
skktt har
harkit`
kit`o`t
o`tks
ks 7
]apa
]apart
rt`` yk
ykdc
dc sulk
sulkb
b l`ja
l`jank
nksi
sikd
kd l`kt
l`ktks
ks,, skkt
skkt ta
tarjkl`` lacada
rjkl lacadarks`,
rks`, ikrt`nkc
ikrt`nkcg
g b`kn`d
fadcknkf`
fadcknkf` iarkp
iarkpubkd
ubkd.  Ki
Ki`h
`hkt
kt la
laca
cada
dark
rks`
s` lk
lkr`
r` mk
mkrt
rt`n
`nkc
kcaa fkik
fkik kik
kikd
d ta
tarj
rjkl
kl``
panudki
panudkikd,
kd, parp
parpamkb
amkbkd
kd lkd pad
padcanu
canupkskd  nk
pkskd nkp`
p`sk
skd
d rk
rkwk
wkd
d sa
sadl
dl`` yk
ykdc
dc lk
lkpk
pktt
fad`fhunikd padcudm`kd iat`ik sadl` harcarki.
Ladckd
Ladckd tarh
tarhadtuidyk gsta
adtuidyk gstago`t
go`t fkik kikd fadcar`tks`  fafhrkd s`dgv`kn l`fkdk
fkik
tarlkp
tarlkpkt
kt hkd
hkdyki
yki ras
rasap
aptgr
tgr-ra
-rasap
saptgr
tgr dya
dyar`.
r`. Ladckd ta
Ladckd tarja
rjap`
p`td
tdyk
yk ujud
ujudc-uj
c-ujudc
udc skrko
yk
ykdc
dc tarl
tarlkp
kpkt
kt l`sa
l`sai`
i`tk
tkrr sadl
sadl`` ik
ikra
radk
dk tarh
tarhad
adtu
tuid
idyk
yk gs
gsta
tago
go`t
`t sa
sart
rtkk kl
klkd
kdyk
yk
pafh
pafhad
adci
ciki
kikd
kd lk
lkd
d pa
pada
dahk
hknkd
nkd jkr`d
jkr`dck
ckd
d nudk
nudki
i   l`
l`sa
sai`
i`tk
tkrr sa
sadl
dl`` fk
fkik
ik ki
kikd
kd
fad`fhunikd dyar` taikd lkd dyar` carki.
 

padcanupkskd
Klkdyk padcanupkskd sadl
sadl`` tkl` ykdc fad
fadjap`
jap`tt ujud
ujudc‖
c‖ skrko lkd pad
padyafp
yafp`tkd
`tkd
rukdc sadl` fkik kpkh`nk sadl` l`carkiikd tarus fadarus skkt kit`v`tks fkik kikd
tarjkl` casaikd tarus fadarus lkd kikd tarksk safki`d dyar` lkd hariurkdc kpkh`nk
l` `st`rkbktikd

=. Ikra
Ikradk
dk nutut i`r` sahanu
sahanufdyk
fdyk fadcknkf
fadcknkf`` trkufk,
trkufk, sab`dcck
sab`dcck ski`t hkc` pks`ad
pks`ad udtui
udtui
l`carkiikd nutut ykdc trufk juck haras`ig nah`b haskr udtudc fadcknkf` lastruis`
lkr` mkrn`c
mkrn`cka.
ka. Ki`hk
Ki`hktdyk,
tdyk, pks`
pks`ad
ad madl
madlarud
arudc
c nah`
nah`b
b fad
fadccudki
ccudkikd
kd ktku fadu
fadufpu
fpu
hahk
hahkd
d tu
tuhu
hub
b pk
pklk
lk nu
nutu
tutt ik
ikdk
dkd
d lk
lkd
d nk
nkfk
fk ia
iank
nkfk
fkkd
kd nu
nutu
tutt ik
ikdk
dkd
d pk
pks`
s`ad
ad ju
juck
ck
fadcknkf`
fadcknkf` lastruis`
lastruis` pklk mkrt`nkca dyk. Ktku ladckd iktk nk`d tarj
tarjkl`
kl` parh
parhalkkd
alkkd
ngkls/hahkd pklk nutut i`r` lkd ikdkd pks`ad sab`dcck prgcras`v`tks ianubkddyk
fadjkl` harhalk, pklk nutut i`r` prgsas wakr kdl takr tarjkl` sal`i`t nah`b lkbunu
sab`dcck dyar` nah`b lkbunu l`rkskikd pklk nutut i`r`.
<. Iadk
Iadkpk
pk dyar` t`l
t`lki
ki fadjkn
fadjknkr7
kr7 saha
sahadkrdy
dkrdykk h`sk kjk l`k fadjkn
fadjknkr,
kr, tarnah`b
tarnah`b h`nk ianu
ianubkd
bkd
pks`
pks`ad
ad fa
fadc
dcki
ki`h
`hkt
ktik
ikd
d la
lapr
pras
as`` pk
pklk
lk skrk
skrkod
odyk,
yk, dk
dkfu
fud
d lk
lknk
nkf
f sa
saia
iadk
dkr`
r`g
g `d
`d``
iafudci`d
iafudci`dkd
kd dyar`dyk
dyar`dyk ki`hk
ki`hktt `donk
`donkfks`
fks` ngikn, l`lkp
l`lkpktikd
ktikd lkr` tkdlk
tkdlk‖‖ `don
`donkfks`
kfks`
pklk smadkr`g sab`dcck dyar`dyk t`lki fadjknkr.

sadl`,,
1. ]adl` kikd tarn`bkt fafhadciki ikradk klkdyk padufpuikd mk`rkd l` lknkf sadl`
ykdc
ykdc h`k
h`kskd
skdyk
yk tarjk
tarjkl`
l` pkl
pklkk kwk
kwknn pa
padyk
dyki`t
i`t sadl`
sadl`.. Bkn `d` tar
tarjkl
jkl`` ikr
ikradk
adk tar
tarjkl
jkl`dy
`dykk
padcbkdmu
padcbkdmurkd
rkd lkr` fktr`
fktr`is
is prgt
prgtagcn
agcnymkds
ymkds lkd `iktkd mgnnkcad pklkbkn
pklkbkn sabk
sabkrusd
rusdyk
yk
faraik harparkd lknkf fafpartkbkdikd iaiuktkd lkr` mkrt`nkca.
Iaful`kd ladckd klkdyk padc`i`skd pklk tunkdc rkwkd sadl` tk
tkl`
l` lk
lkpk
pktt
fadyahkhikd prgsas `donkfks`. @donkfks`
@donkfks` `d` lkpkt tarjkl` ikradk Ukrt`ian ykdc ruski tl
iaful`kd haruskbk l` hars`bikd gnab typa K mann sydgv`uf lkd san `fud spt n`fogs`t
lkd fkirgokc fksui ia lknkf sydgv`kn fafhrkda fadcbks`nikd s`tgi`d prg`donkfks`
lkd fadcbks`ni
fadcbks`nikd
kd `donkf
`donkfks`
ks` l` sydgv`uf
sydgv`uf,, ktku l`sa
l`sahut
hut sydgv
sydgv`t`s.
`t`s. Urgs
Urgsas
as `donkf
`donkfks`
ks`
`d`nkb
`d`nkb ykdc fady
fadyahkhi
ahkhikd
kd sadl
sadl`` tarn
tarn`bkt
`bkt faf
fafarkb,
arkb, pkdks, lkd faf
fafhadci
hadciki(tkd
ki(tkdlk
lk
parkl
parklkdc
kdckd)
kd).. Ua
Uafh
fhadc
adcikik
ikikd
d `d` tarn`
tarn`bkt
bkt nah
nah`b
`b fa
fadgd
dgdjgn
jgn ikr
ikrad
adkk pa
padca
dcam`n
m`nkd
kd gtg
gtgtt
sai`tkrdyk ykdc l`ki`hktikd ikradk
ikradk gtgt fa
fadjkl`
djkl` jkrkdc l`cudkikd.
 

Uafhadcikikd pklk sadl`, farkb lkd tarkhk bkdckt juck lkpkt l`sahkhikd prgsas
`donkf
`donkfks`
ks` nk`
nk`d
d yk`
yk`tu
tu tarjk
tarjkl`dyk byparur`m
l`dyk byparur`maf`k
af`k ks`f
ks`ftgfk
tgfkt`m
t`m ykdc kikd fad
fadyahkh
yahkhikd
ikd
ir`stkn`sks` l` jkr`dckd. Ir`stkn
jkr`dckd. Ir`stkn `d` kikd l`kdcckp nauigs`t sahkck` hadlk ks`dc sab`dcck
naumgs`t fafokcgs`tgs`s
fafokcgs`tgs`s Ir`stkn tarsahut lkd tarjkl`nkb parklkdckd.
\rkufk  pk
\rkufk  pklk
lk sadl
sadl`` ikra
ikradk
dk l`sn
l`sngi
giks
ks`` ktku
ktku suhn
suhnui
uisk
sks`
s` juck
juck lk
lkpk
pktt fa
fady
dyah
ahkh
khikd
ikd
iafarkbkd lkd hadciki ikradk lkpkt fadc`r`tks` jkr`dckd l`sai`tkrdyk sapart` gtgt,
sykrko, lkd pafhunub lkrkb.

3. Fadckpk pks`ad farksk ikiu pklk pkc` bkr` 7

]a`r
]a`r`d
`dc
c ha
hart
rtkf
kfhk
hkbd
bdyk
yk uf
ufur
ur,, ikdl
ikdlud
udck
ckd
d k`r
k`r pk
pklk
lk ik
ikrt
rt`n
`nkc
kcg
g hari
hariur
urkd
kdc
c ki
ki`h
`hkt
kt
faduruddyk
faduruddyk ikdludckd prgtagcnymkd, sab`dcck fadyahkhikd ikrt`nkcg iurkdc ankst`s.
Uaru
Uaruhk
hkbk
bkd
d pk
pklk
lk tu
tunk
nkdc
dc,, `don
`donkf
kfks
ks`,
`, lk
lkd
d ha
hari
riur
urkd
kdcd
cdyk
yk anks
ankst`
t`s`
s`tk
tkss tunk
tunkdc
dc `d
`d``
fadyahkhikd iaikiukd pklk sadl`.
Kpkh`nk tarjkl` `r`tks`  lkd pafadlaikd, ikradk `fgh`n`sks` lkd ianadturkd mgnkcad
ykdc hariurkdc , pa
panud
nudkikd
kikd nkp
nkp`sk
`skd
d rkw
rkwkd
kd ykd
ykdc
c l``
l``iut
iut`` gn
gnab
ab pamkb
pamkbdyk
dyk pa
parf
rfuik
uikkd
kd
sadl
sadl`,
`, lk
lkd
d tarj
tarjkl
kl`d
`dyk
yk pa
padc
dcar
arks
kskd
kd pk
pklk
lk tu
tunk
nkdc
dc l`
l`hk
hkwk
wkb
b nk
nkp`
p`sk
skd
d rk
rkwk
wkd
d ki
kikd
kd
fadyahkhikd parcarkikd sadl` safkdci`d nkfk safkdci`d safp`t. ]afp`tdyk rukdc
sadl` fadyahkhikd pafhktkskd pgnk carki lkd iaikiukd sadl`. Fadckpk pklk pkc`
bkr`7 Ikradk sankfk t`lur sadl` ykdc kwkndyk sulkb ikiu lkd t`lki l`carkiikd kikd
safki`d
safki`d ikiu lkd sun`t l`carkiikd pklk pkc` bkr`d
bkr`dyk
yk ladc
ladckd
kd iktk nk`d l`sa
l`sahkhikd
hkhikd
`fgh`n`sks` pks`ad skkt t`lur ,sab`dcck gtgt tadlgd fadcknkf` pafadlaikd. ]ab`dcck
fafarnuikd
fafarnuikd wkitu udtui fadcafhkn`ikd gtgt lkd tadlg sapart` dgrfkn.

2. \u
\unkd
nkdc
c rkw
rkwkd
kd pkl
pklkk sad
sadl`
l` lkp
lkpkt
kt ruski
ruski ikr
ikradk
adk trkuf
trkufkk ktku ckdccu
ckdccukd
kd `do
`donkf
nkfks`
ks`
sahanufdyk. Adz`f prgtagn`t`i ykdc l`bks`nikd gnab san s`dgv`kn lkd nauigs`t lkpkt
fadya
fadyahkh
hkhikd
ikd pa
padur
durud
udkd
kd pr
prgta
gtagcn
gcn`ik
`ikd
d lkr
lkr`` fk
fktr`
tr`is,
is, lkd `d
`dtar
tarnau
naui`d
i`d-;
-; (@N
(@N-;)
-;) lkr
lkr``
parklkdckd lkpkt fadaikd s`dtas`s prgtagcn`ikd.
 

\arj
\arjkl
kl`d
`dyk
yk tr
trku
kufk
fk,, hadt
hadtur
urkd
kd ktku
ktku ma
mala
lark
rk pk
pklk
lk sa
sadl
dl`` nutu
nututt lk
lkpk
pktt fa
fady
dyah
ahkh
khikd
ikd
iaruskikd ktku iank`dkd pklk tunkdc-tunkdc pafhadtui sadl` tarsahut. Iajkl`kd pgst
trkufkt`i juck fadyahkhikd parmapktkd lacadarks` ikrt`nkcg, fafparmapkt s`dgv`t`s
lkd pklk kib`rdyk rkwkd sadl` kikd ruski sab`dcck fadyahkhikd tarjkl`dyk cajknk-

cajknk sapart` dyar` sadl`, ikiu lkd laogrf`tks.

0. Kpkh`nk m`lark ykdc l`knkf` pks`ad klknkb pktkb tunkdc fkik parnu klkdyk o`isks`
ykdc hk`i udtu
udtui
i rafg
rafglan`
lan`dc
dc lkr` tunkdc tarsahu
tarsahut.
t. O`isks
O`isks`` pklk pktkb tunkd
tunkdc
c sadl
sadl`r`
`r`
hartujukd udtui fadc`ikt ktku fadkbkd lkd fafhktks` parcarkikd hkc`kd tuhub
ykdc tarlkfpki. O`isks` l`nkiuikd ladckd mkrk fafkskdc h`lk` lkd parhkd ladckd
igdsap fan`put` luk sadl` ykdc tarn`hkt pklk tunkdc pktkb. ]ank`d udtui fafhktks`
carkikd pklk tunkdc ykdc pktkb, o`isks` juck hartujukd kckr jkr`dckd gtgt l` sai`tkr
tunkdc ykdc pktkb t`lki `iut ruski.

Uklk tuikdc urut, o`isks` sahadkrdyk juck sulkb l`nkiuikd. \kp` skykdcdyk, faraik
fadccudkikd pkpkd ikyu t`p`s ykdc muiup onais`han lkd h`kskdyk bkdyk l`pkskdc l`
sknkb sktu sadl` ykdc tarn`hkt. Bkn tarsahut skfk saikn` t`lki fafadub` sykrkt o`isks`,
sab`dcck tujukddyk udtui fafhktks` carki juck t`lki kikd tarmkpk`. Qrut pktkb tunkdc
fudci`d harbks`n pklk sahkc`kd grkdc, tkp` aoait`v`tks padcghktkd kntardkt`o `d` t`lki
fada
fadadt
dtu
u lk
lkd
d nah`
nah`b
b hk
hkdy
dyki
ki r`s`
r`s`ig
igdy
dyk,
k, ta
taru
rutk
tkfk
fk la
ladc
dckd
kd ta
tarj
rjkl
kl`dyk fknud`gd ktku
`dyk
padykfhu
padykfhudckd
dckd tunkd
tunkdc
c ladc
ladckd
kd pgs`
pgs`s`
s` ykdc sknkb
sknkb.. L`hu
L`huiu
iu kppn
kppnay
ay l`iktkikd
l`iktkikd hkbwk
fknud`gd lkpkt fadjkl` okitgr pral`sigs`s` tarjkl`dyk gstagkrtbr`t`s. Fasi`pud bkn `d`
t`lki pkst` iahadkrkddyk ikradk pklk suktu padan`t`kd fadudjuiikd
fadudjuiikd hkbwk laogrf`tks
 

sulut salkdc lkr` t`h`k b`dcck ;1 larkjkt t`lki tarik`t ladckd pad`dciktkd tar`ig GK.
Dkfud, fknud`gd ykdc tarjkl` l`laikt sadl` fudci`d farupkikd okitgr pral`spgs`s`
GK saiudlar.

;5. Fan
Fangx`
gx`mkf
mkf klk
klknkb
nkb ghk
ghktt kdt
kdt``d
``donk
onkfks
fks`` lkd kdt
kdt`ra
`rafkt
fkt`i
`i dgdsta
dgdstarg`
rg`l
l (K@
(K@D])
D]) lkr
lkr``
cgngdckd kskf adgnkta. Fangx`mkf haiarjk ladckd mkrk fadcbkfhkt h`gsydtbas`za
pr
prgs
gstk
tkcn
cnkd
kdl`
l`d
d yk
ykdc
dc fa
faru
rupk
pkik
ikd
d fa
fal`
l`kt
ktgr
gr pa
park
rklk
lkdc
dckd
kd fa
fank
nknu
nu`` pa
padc
dcbk
bkfh
fhkt
ktkd
kd
mymnggxyca
mymnggxycadksa
dksa-8
-8 (MGR-
(MGR-8),
8), sab`
sab`dcck
dcck tarj
tarjkl`dy
kl`dykk prgs
prgsas
as par
parklkdck
klkdckd
d lkpkt l`bkf
l`bkfhkt.
hkt.
Krt`dyk ghkt `d` bkdyk faralkikd parklkdckd ykdc tarjkl` pklk sadl`, lkd t`lki
fadcktks`
fadcktks` padyahkh lkr` par
parklkdckd
klkdckd tarsahut
tarsahut,, f`skndyk
f`skndyk laca
lacadarks
darks`` mkrt`n
mkrt`nkca
kca pklk
sa
sadl`
dl`,, pa
padya
dyafp
fp`tk
`tkd
d rukdc
rukdc sadl`
sadl`,, pa
parkl
rklkdc
kdckd
kd pkl
pklkk syd
sydgv`
gv`kn,
kn, pa
parkl
rklkdc
kdckd
kd ikr
ikradk
adk
byparur`
byparur`maf`
maf`kk lkd nk`d-
nk`d-nk`d.
nk`d. ]ab`dcck kpkh`nk pady
padyahkh
ahkh pad
padyki`t
yki`t `tu t`lki l`ktks`
ladckd hadkr fkik kpkh`nk iarjk ghkt Uaralk dyar` b`nkdc fkik ianubkd kikd fudmun
iafhkn` ktku ghkt tarsahut t`lki lkpkt fadcktks` ianubkd pks`ad lknkf jkdcik wkitu
ykdc nkfk.

;;. Fa
Fangx
ngx`mk
`mkf
f klk
klknkb
nkb ghk
ghktt kdt
kdt``d
``don
onkfk
kfks`
s` lkd kdt
kdt`ra
`rafkt
fkt`i
`i dgdsta
dgdstarg`
rg`l
l (K@
(K@D])
D]) lkr
lkr``
cgngdckd kskf adgnkta. Fangx`mkf haiarjk ladckd mkrk fadcbkfhkt h`gsydtbas`za
pr
prgs
gstk
tkcn
cnkd
kdl`
l`d
d yk
ykdc
dc fa
faru
rupk
pkik
ikd
d fa
fal`
l`kt
ktgr
gr pa
park
rklk
lkdc
dckd
kd fa
fank
nknu
nu`` pa
padc
dcbk
bkfh
fhkt
ktkd
kd

mymnggxyca
mymnggxycadksa
dksa-8
-8 (MGR
(MGR-8),
-8), sab`
sab`dcck
dcck tarj
tarjkl`dyk
kl`dyk prgs
prgsas
as par
parklkdckd
klkdckd lkpkt l`bkf
l`bkfhkt
hkt.
Ladc
Ladckd
kd fa
fadc
dcbk
bkfh
fhkt
kt pr
prgl
glui
uis`
s` pr
prgs
gstk
tkcn
cnkd
kdl`
l`d,
d, rk
rksk
sk sk
ski`
i`tt lk
lkd
d park
parklk
lkdc
dckd
kd ki
kikd
kd
hariurkdc. Ghkt `d` h`kskdyk l``dl`iks`ikd udtui tarkp` s`ftgfkt`i jkdcik padlai
pklkk gst
pkl gstagk
agkrtb
rtbr`t
r`t`s
`s ais
aisksa
ksarhk
rhks`
s` kiu
kiutt lkd tar
tarkp`
kp` s`
s`ftg
ftgfkt
fkt`i
`i jkdcik
jkdcik pkdjkd
pkdjkdc
c udtui
udtui
raufkt`i krtbr`t`s.

;8. Iafudci`dkd : gstagkrtbr`t`s, krtr`r`s cgut, rbaufktg`l krtr`t`s.

 

;=. Klk buhudckddyk :

 Qs`k
Uklk grkdc lawksk, dyar` nutut h`sk l`sahkhikd gnab trkufk. Dkfud pklk us`k
ykdc nah`b nkdjut, yk`tu l`ktks <1 tkbud, funk` tarjkl` padyki`t lacadarkt`o l`
nutut l`ikradkikd iaruskikd tunkdc rkwkd sadl`, yk`tu gstagkrtrbr`t`s.
Qs`k farupkikd latarf`dkd utkfk pklk gstagkrttr`t`s. Lkr` safuk okitgr r`s`ig
udtui
udtui t`f
t`fhun
hundyk
dyk pa
padyk
dyki`t
i`t `d`
`d`,, oki
okitgr
tgr pa
paduk
dukkd
kd (kc
(kc`dc
`dc)) klkn
klknkb
kb ykd
ykdc
c tar
tariuk
iukt.
t.
Gstagkrtbr`t`s nah`b sar`dc l`lar`tk gnab us`k nkdjut. Uklk `dl`v`lu ykdc harus`k
<1-?1 tkbud tarlkpkt =5% iksus gstagkrtbr`t`s, lkd pklk us`k l`ktks 25 tkbud
tarlkpkt nah`b lkr` 25% iksus.
Kpkh`nk ianubkd pks`ad l`sahkhikd gnab byparur`maf`k us`k juck harpadckrub,
ikradk safki`d tuk sasagrkdc fkik fatkhgn`sf tuhubdy juck fki`d nafkb

ibususdyk oudcs` lr c`djkndyk ykdc fanafkb sab`dcck mnakrkdma lr ir`stkn pur`d

ykdc l`bks`nikd tarckdccu lkd lkpkt fadufpui l` rukdc kdtkr sadl` 6 krtr`t`s
cgut.
  Jad`s iankf`d
Hk`i
Hk`i pr
pr`k
`k fk
fkup
upud
ud wk
wkd`
d`tk
tk h`sk
h`sk fa
fadl
dlar
ar`t
`tkk pa
pady
dyki
ki`t
`t `d
`d`.
`. pa
parh
rhal
alkk
kkd
d utkf
utkfkk
`ds`
`ds`la
lads
ds`` kd
kdtk
tkrk
rk pr
pr`k
`k la
ladc
dckd
kd wk
wkd`
d`tk
tk ta
tars
rsah
ahut
ut ta
tari
rik`
k`tt la
ladc
dckd
kd kr
krak
ak yk
ykdc
dc
l`padckrub` gstagkrtbr`t`s. Uklk wkd`tk, sadl` ykdc sar`dc tariadk klknkb sadl`
`dtarp
`dtarpbkn
bknkdc
kdcank
ank l`s
l`stkn
tkn,, prg
prgis`
is`fkn
fkn,, sadl`
sadl` mkr
mkrpgf
pgfatk
atkmkr
mkrpkn
pkn pa
partk
rtkfk,
fk, sa
sadl`
dl`

fatktkrsgpbkn
fatktkrsgpbknkdcak
kdcakn,
n, p`dc
p`dccun
cun (pklk us`k 11-?< tkbud
tkbud),
), lkd nutut (us`
(us`kk ?1-3<
tkbud). ]alkdc pklk pr`k ykdc harus`k ?1-3< tkbud, p`dccun lkd nutut nah`b
sar`dc tarsarkdc.
]amkrk iasanurubkd, l`hkwkb <1 tkbud oraiuads` gstagkrtbr`t`s iurkdc nah`b skfk
pklk
pklk nki`
nki`-n
-nki
ki`` lk
lkd
d wk
wkd`
d`tk
tk.. \a
\atk
tkp`
p` l`kt
l`ktks
ks 15 tk
tkbu
bud
d (s
(sat
atan
ankb
kb fa
fadg
dgpk
pkus
usa)
a)
oraiuads`dyk nah`b hkdyki pklk wkd`tk l`hkdl`dc pr`k. Bkn `d` fadudjuiikd
klkdyk parkd bgrfgdkn pklk pktbgcadas`s gstagkrtbr`t`s.
;<. \`l
\`lki.
ki. Ikr
Ikradk
adk t`l
t`lki
ki fa
fadck
dckdmk
dmkf
f j`w
j`wkk pks
pks`a
`ad.
d. Dkf
Dkfud
ud pa
parnu
rnu pa
padkd
dkdckd
ckdkd
kd sac
sacark
ark

ikradk sulkb fadcckdccu kit`v`tks pks`ad sabkr` bkr`.

 

;1. ……

;?. Uklk pafar`iskkd o`s`i, i`tk lkpkt f

fan`bkt
an`bkt kpkikb klk tkdl
tkdlkk har`iut :
 Uafhadcikikd pklk sadl` tarutkfk pklk jkr`, parcankdckd tkdckd, nutut, hkbu,
lkd jkr` iki` ikradk sadl`‖ `d` ykdc h`kskdyk pkn`dc sar`dc tarjkl` iaruskikd
ktku parklkdckd
 \ann-tkna smkrs/r`wkykt trkufk
 Ngmkn tadlardass
 N`f`tal fgvafadt
 Mrap`tus
 @dstkh`n`ty lkd paruhkbkd ckyk harjknkd 6 fgvafad
fgvafadtt


]adl`
]adl` nk`
nk`d
d juc
juckk bkr
bkrus
us l`p
l`par
ar`is
`isk,
k, hui
huikd
kd bkd
bkdyk
yk pkl
pklkk sad
sadl`
l` ykdc
ykdc l`i
l`ian
anubi
ubikd
kd
pks`ad.
 Iafarkbkd
 Fkssk ktku hadjgnkd
 \kdlk laogrf`tks ird l`sngiks` ktku orkitur
 Kpkikb kit`v`tks sabkr`‖ tarckdccu7
 Dyar` taikd lkd dyar` carki

Uafar`iskkd Uadudjkdc
Uadudjkdc ykdc lkpkt l`nkiuikd :

 @fkc`dc
- R rky
Uklkk ogt
Ukl ogtg
g pgn
pgngs
gs l`n
l`nkiu
kiuikd
ikd la
ladck
dckd
d fa
fafp
fparn
arn`bk
`bktik
tikd
d ialuk
ialuk s`s
s`s`` (h`
(h`nk
nk l`
aistraf`tks f`skndyk sadl` nutut) udtui fan`bkt kpkikb ianubkd pklk sadl`
sulkb fadyahkhikd cadu vkruf/vkncus lkd fafhkdl`dcikd ladckd s`s`
sktudyk ykdc fudci`d fks`b sabkt, kpkikb ianubkd sadl` pks`ad ks`fatr`s
ktku s`fatr`s
 

Rr
Rrky
ky ju
juck
ck l`nk
l`nkiu
iuik
ikd
d harl
harl`r
`r`` ud
udtu
tui
i fa
fan`
n`bk
bktt la
ladc
dckd
kd jank
jankss kp
kpkik
kikb
b kl
klkk
padyafp`tkd
padyafp`tkd rukdc sadl` ktku klkdyk i`ss`dc hgda
N`bkt kpkikb klk padcam`nkd lr rukdc sadl`, klkdyk pafhadtuikd gstago`t,
smnargs`s, myst, rafglan`dc lr tunkdc, kpkikb klk pafhadcikikd jkr`dckd

nudki l`sai`tkrdyk, args` pklk sadl`, i`ss`dc hgda, ckfhkrkd gstagpgrgs`s

(pklk pks`ad tuk) lkd suhnuisks` ktku hkbikd orkitur.
- Xkl`gdumnakta smkdd`dc
]mkdd`dc ladckd 00ftm-BLU fadudjuiikd klkdyk kit`v`tks suhmbgdlr`kn,
pad`dciktkd kit`v`tks vksmunkr lkd pafhadtuikd tunkdc ykdc hkru
- M\ lkd FX@
Latais` klkdyk orkitur, hgda alafk, lkd kvksmunkr damrgs`s
- Nkhgrktgr`uf
NAL : ud
udtu
tui
i fa
fadc
dcat
atkb
kbu`
u` kp
kpkik
kikb
b ta
tarj
rjkl
kl`` pa
park
rklk
lkdc
dckd
kd kt
ktku
ku t`
t`lk
lki
i (4<5
(4<5
ff/jkf)
Urgta`d oksa kiut damrgs`s : MXU
: MXU ing 4 ?fc/n 6 krtr`t`s
k rtr`t`s cgut
SHM : udtui fadcatkbu` kpkikb klk tkdlk parklkdckd
Kdk
Kdkn`s
n`s`s
`s mk`
mk`rkd
rkd syd
sydgv`
gv`kn
kn ud
udtui
tui fa
fadca
dcatkb
tkbu`
u` kpk
kpkik
ik klk tar
tarjkl
jkl`` `do
`doais
ais`` lkd
`ladt`o`iks` klkdyk Ir`stkn pur`d
Dgrfkn : jard`b b`dcck iud`dc pumkt ladckd SHM > 855
GK : ]n`cbtny laapar yanngw, trkdspkradt SHM > 8555
@donkfks` : Lkriar yanngw, mngulny, trkdsnumadt SHM > 25.555
]apt`m : purunadt, ladsa, gpkqua. SHM 4 25.555
Bafkrtbrgs`s : ral, gpkqua, brs l`halkikd ladckd trkufk
Kskf urkt saruf ktku ur`d : fady`dci`rikd iafudci`dkd krtbr`t`s cgut
 

;3. Har
Harpad
padckr
ckrub,
ub, ikrad
ikradkk klkdyk padcanupkskd sadl` tkl` ykdc fadjap`t ujudc‖ skrko
lkd
lkd pa
pady
dyaf
afp`
p`tk
tkd
d ru
rukd
kdc
c sa
sadl
dl`` fk
fkik
ik kp
kpkh
kh`n
`nkk sa
sadl
dl`` ykdc
ykdc mk
mkrt
rt`n
`nkca
kcady
dykk ru
rusk
ski
i
l`carkiikd
l`carkiikd tarus fadaru
fadaruss skkt kit`v`tks fkik kikd tarj
tarjkl`
kl` casaikd tarus fadarus
lkd kikd tarksk safki`d dyar` lkd hariurkdc kpkh`nk l` `st`rkbktikd. Igdsapdyk
klkn
klknkb
kb wa
wakr
kr d ta
takr
kr yk`
yk`tu
tu safk
safki`
i`d
d nkfk
nkfk sadl
sadl`` l`
l`cu
cudk
dkik
ikd
d fkik
fkik ki
kikd
kd sa
safk
fki`
i`d
d
fad`p`s