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7. 요시야의 - 성전 - 정화와 - 예레미 PDF
7. 요시야의 - 성전 - 정화와 - 예레미 PDF
제22권 4호 통권62집
ISSN : 1229-0521(Print)
이은우
To cite this article : 이은우 (2016) 요시야의 성전 정화와 예레미야, 구약논단, 22:4, 70-101
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경우, 관련 법령에 따라 민, 형사상의 책임을 질 수 있습니다.
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이은우(장신대)
1.서론* www.earticle.net
루지만다른본문은상호구분없이 이방신들과관련된조치를다룬다.
마치 보충히는 것과 같은 형식의 “또한"(we-gam)으로 시작되는 15 ,
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다.
1) 열왕기하 23장 4절
1끼 J. W. McKay. Religion in Judah under the Assyrians, 732-609 BC (SBT 2/2 6) , (London: A. R
Allenson , 1973), 30; M. 0 ’Brien , The Deuteronomistic History Hypotheses. A Reassement
(O BO 92) , (Freiburg/Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , 1989), 253. Cf.Eynike l, 위의 책;
Barrick, 위의 책, 20 , 27, 106.
1에 배희숙, ‘요시야의 개혁에 대한 재고잘" r효댄기독교신학논총J 73 (201 1), 78
19) H. D. Hoffmann , Reform und Reformen. Untersuchungen zu einem Grundthema der
deuteronomistischen Geschichtsschreibung(AThANT 66, Z rich, 198이, 196.
잉) R. De Vaux , Les insηtutions de /Ancient Testament , Vo l. 2.. (Paris: Editions du Cerf , 1958-
6이, 24 1: A. C. Cody, A History of O/d Testament Priesthood(AB 35), (Rome: Pontifical Biblical
Institute, 1969), 103
21) J. Morgenstern , ‘A Chapter in the History of the High-Priesthood",AJSL 55 (1938), 1-24, 183-
197, 360-377.
된다(렘 2:8 , 23 , 28; 7:9; 9:13; 11 :13 , 17; 12:16; 19:5; 23:13; 27;
13:6; 17:10 , 16; 18:4; 21:3 , 7; 23:6 , 14 , 15; 대하 14:2; 17:6; 19:3;
24:18; 31:1; 33:3 , 19; 34:3-4 , 7; 사 17:8; 27:9; 렘 17:2; 미 5:13). 다
른 의미는 ‘여신’ (a goddess) 이다 (왕상 15:13; 18:19; 왕하 23:4 , 7;
대하 15:16).31) 예레미야에서도 ‘아세라’가 여신의 의미로 사용되는데
왕하 23:4 www.earticle.net
NC’n띠π R그:l: "::l닝, n,띠N'" "11그닝 I’1띠끄” 디'''::l n-닝::l nN
n, n‘ "::l’n~ N':l:'벼 껴mπ ,:l:’1
P"P n,~,띠그 디S띠"’능 f,n섭 디틸「ψ’1
왕하 23:6a l"'P "m그 nnN 리「ψ" l"'P "m-"N 디S떠"’닝 f,n~ i11 n’
n’그~ n,띠Nn-nN N:l:’1
33) 이은우, ‘신명기의 제의 개혁 요구와 왕들의 개혁’ r구악논단」 제33집 (2009). 137-8.
34) B. 5tade and F. 5chwally. The Book of Kings: Critical Edition of the Hebrew Text (5BOT. 9;
Leipzig: ι C. Hinrichs, 1904), 29 3.
35) A. Klostermann , Die Bücher 5amuelis und der Könige (Kurzgefassten Kommentar zu den
heiligen 5chriften Alter und Neuen Testaments sowie zu den Apok미phen A. Altes Testamen t,
3) (Nordlingen: Nabu Press , 1887), 479
36) 1. Benzinger , Die Bücher der Könige (KHCAT , 9; Freiburg , Leipzig and Tübingen: Mohr
5iebeck , 1899), 192; J , Gray, I & 11 Kings: A Commentary , 2nd ed. (OTL; London: 5CM Press ,
1970)‘ 730.
37) Montgomery , 위의 책, 538
38) J. C. de Moor. The 5easonal Pattern in the Ugaritic Myth of Ba ’lU according to the Version
of Ilumilku (Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag. 1971). 128-29; 1. E. Stager. ‘ The
Archaeology 01 the East Slope 01 Jerusalem and the Terraces 01 the Kidron". JNE5 4 1( 1982).
115.
39) Stager. 윗글.111-21; W. L. Holladay. Jeremiah 2. Hermeneia (Philadelphia:FortressPress.
1989). 200; S. Gibson. ‘ Agricultural Terraces and Settlement Expansion in the Highlands 01
Early lron Age Palestine :Is Thereany Correlation betweenthe Two?".in A. Maza 이ed.). 5tudies
in the Archaeology of the lron Age in Israel and Jordan (J SOTSup 331; Shellield: Shetfield
Academic Press. 2001). 113-46
4이 HALOT 2:1422-23; J. Day. Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan (Shetfield:
Shetfield Academic Press. 200이.193-94; NRSV. NJPS. NIV; D. P. Wrigh t. The Disposal of
Impurity: Elimination Rites in the Bible and in Hittite and Mesopotamian Literature (SBLDS.
101; Atlanta :ScholarsPress. 1987). 282-83; Barrick. 위의 책.31-32.
41) R. P. CarroU.Jeremiah: A Commentary (OTL; Philadelphia: Westminster. 1986). 60 5-6. 617-18.
2) 열왕기하 23장 6절
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시,El:1와결합되어사용되는데,역대기의요시야개혁진술에는나타나
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i'I'i'I' ,
n'며과 1"'P ’π)-"aot 디해"’" f nc 사이, 혹은디얘"’" f'πm 과 1"'P
5이 타nikel, 위의 책, 222-223.
51) W. Thiel. Die deuteronomistische Redaktion von Jeremia 26-45 (WMANT 52), (Neukirchen-
Vluyn , 1973); Spieckermann, 위의 책, 90.
전히파괴했다는것을강조히는신명기적인편집이다.
3) 열왕기하 23장 7절
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7절에서 요시야는 성전 가운데에 있는독특한 집을 부수는데 그 곳은
아세라와관련 있는 처소였다고 보도한다.
53) F, Garcia Lopez , “ Construction et destruction de Jerusalem: histoire et prophetie dans les
cadres redactionnels des livres des Rois" , RB 94 (1987) , 222-232
54) (램 1:10; 18:7-9; 31:28; 33:4-7; 39: 1-1 0; 52:1-27 등등), 요시야 개혁 본문과 예레미야의 관계에 대해서
는 이은우, ‘천체숭배 이방제의에 대한요시야의 개혁과그본문의 역사”를 참고 하시오
55) Klostermann , 위의 책, 479; Benzinger, 위의 책, 192; C.F. Burney, Notes on the Hebrew Text of
the Books of Kings (Oxlord: Clarendon Press , 1903) , 359; Stade and Schwally, 위의 책, 293;
Gray, 위의 책.730.
56) Montgomery , 위의 책, 539.
57) E. Tov , ‘ Transliterations 01 Hebrew Words in the Greek Versions 01 the Old Testamen t.
A Further Characteristic 01 the kaige-Th.Revision ’ , Textus 8:90 (reprinted in idem ,
The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected essays on the Septuagint [VτSup , 72;
Leiden :B rill , 19991:501-512).
58) M. Jastrow. A Dictionary of the Targumim , the Talmud 8abli and Yerushalmi, and the
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Midrashic Li terature (New York: Pardes Publishing House , 195 이, 781; R. P. Smith , A
Compendious 5yriac Dictionary (Oxlord: Clarendon Press, 1903), 247
59) G. R. Driver, .Supposed Arabisms in the Old Testament". J8L 55 (1936).107; Montgome 대. 위
의 책, 539; Jones , 위의 책, 619;J. Oay, ‘ Asherah in the Hebrew Bible and Northwest Semitic
Li terature ’ , J8L 105 (1986), 407; 8H5, HALOT 1:166; cf. M. Cogan, M. and H. Tadmor, 11 Kings
(AB , 11; New York: Doubleday. 1988).286; G. N. Knoppers. Two Nations under God: The
Deuteronomistic History of 5010mon and the Dual Monarchies 2: The Reign of Jeroboam ,
the Fall of Israel , and the reign of Josiah , HSM 53 (Atlanta: Scholars Press , 1994), 185; B.
Murmelstein. ‘ Spuren altorientalischer Einfl sse in rabbinischen Schrifttum", ZAW 81 (1969) ,
223-24; J. C. De Moor (TDOT 1:441) and E. W rthwein , Die 8ücher der Könige: 1. Kön. 17-2
Kön. 25 (ATD , 11/2; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , 1984).457.
6이 J. Day:Ooes the Ol d Testament Reler to Sacred Prostitution and Did it Actually Exist in
Ancient Israel? ’. in C. McCaπhy and J. F. Healey (eds.). 8iblical and Near Eastern Essays
5tudies in Honour of Kevin J. Cathcart (J SOTSup. 375; London:T&T Clark International.
2004):2-21
61) For various critical assessments 01 the view linking C' lD 'p/π잉'p with practice 01 cultic
prostitution see H. Barstad. The Religious Polemics of Amos (VTSup. 34; Leiden:Brill. 1984).
22-33; M. 1. Gruber. ‘ The Qade in the Book 01 Kings and in Other Sources’. Tarbiz 42 (1983).
167-176; idem. 'Hebrew Qede ah and her Canaanite and Akkadian cognates'. UF 18 (198 6).
133.
62) P. D. Miller. The Religion of Ancient Israel (Louisville. KY: Westminster John Knox. 200이,
206; T. Binger. Asherah: Goddesses in Ugarit. Israel and the O/d Testament (J SOTSup. 232;
Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. 1997). 118-20.
63) Barstad. 위의 책.31
64) J. G. Westenholz. ‘ Tamar. qad u/qadi tu and Sacred Prostitution in Mesopotamia". HTR 82
(1989).248.
65) M. Dijkstra. “ El. the God of Israel-Israel the People of Yhwh:On the Origins of Ancient
Israelite Yahwism ’. in 8. 8ecking et al. Only One God? Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the
Veneration of the Goddess Asherah (Sheffield: Continuum. 2001 ):119
66) Z. Zevit. The Religions of Ancient Israel: A Synthesis of Parallactic Approaches (London/
NewYork: Continuum. 2001). 463.
67) P. A. 8ird. ‘ The End of the Male Cult Prostitute: A Li terary-Historical and Sociological Analysis
of Hebrew qäOëξ q깅 Oës(m." in J. A. Emerton (ed.) ‘ Congress Volume. Cambridge 1995
(VTSup. 66; Leiden:Brill. 199 끼.65.
68) 8ird. 윗글.67
69) N. Na ’ aman , “ The Oedicated Treasures B 미 dings within the House 01 YHWH where Women
Weave Coverings lor Asherah (2 Kings 23 ,7)", BN 83 (1996) , 18
7이 G. N. Knoppers , “ Treasures Won and Lost: Royal (Mis)appropriations in Kings and Chronicles ’,
in The Chronicler as Author‘ Studies in Text and Texture (J SOTSup , 263; Shellield: Shellield
Academic Press , 1999):181-208.; E. T. Jr., Mullen , “ Crime and Punishmen t: The Sins 01 the
King and the Oespoliation 01 the Treasuries" , CBO 54(1992), 231-248;M. Oelcor, ‘ Le trésor de
la maisonde Yahweh des origines a l'exil’, \π 12 (1962) , 353-3 77.
요가있다.깨는「빼와의미상으로는큰차이가있지만,두개의자음
을 공유한다는 점에서 철자의 구성에서는 공통점이 있다.~,~는 구약
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에서 자주 사용되는 단어는 아니지만, 모두 15 회 사용된다(출 28:32;
35:35; 39:22 , 27; 삿 16:13 , 14; 삼상 17:7; 삼하 21:19//대상 20:5;
왕하 23:7; 대상 11:23; 숍 7:6; 사 19:9; 38:12; 59:5). 이 단어는 열왕
72) 역대기의 상응 본문인 대하 4:16.18.19; 5:1. 5; 15:18; 24:4; 25:24; 36:7.10; 36:18.19을 참조하라 얼
왕기와 역대기의 평행본문에 ""'ylk은 왕상 10:21//대하9:20; 왕상 10:25//대하 9:24; 왕하 11:8.11μ대하
23:7 (cf. in 23:10); 왕하20:13μ대하 32: 27; 이외에 열왕기에만 나타나는 예로는 왕상 6:7; 17:10; 19낀, 왕
하 4:3.4.6; 7:15이 있다
73) Na ’aman. 위의 책; Bird. 위의 책.
어 n'~'t(을잘못사용해요시야의성전정화주제를다루는새로운문맥
을 창조했는지도 모른다. 그 결과 iI'띠* 디'n그 디띠 n'~'t( 디!ψj꺼 「ψt((‘아세
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라를위해여인들이천을짜는처소)라는어려운읽기가탄생했다.
요약하면, 7절의 이런 발전 과정 설명이 다소 받아들이기 어렵다 할
보여준다.
3. 결론
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아래와같다.
4 참고문헌
Barrick, W.B. The King and the Cemeteries: Toward a New Un-
derstanding of]osiah 상 Reform. Supplements to Vetus
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검잭어
요시야
개혁
성전정화
아세라
신명기적편집
Lee , Eun-Woo , Ph .D
Professor , Department of Theology
Presbyterian U띠versity and Theological Seminary
22-23 , which is King ]osiah's reform report, has been one of the main
topics in the modern Old Testament study. There have been various
arguments on the textual history of Kin g ]osiah’s Temple purification
report in 2 Kings 23: 4 , 6 - 7 , which reports King] osiah ’s first reform.
Some scholars regard this text as Dtrl redaction, others as DtrH.
In this study, the writer traces the textual and literary history of this
report through etym이ogical, lexical , and exegetical study , and thus
checks the validity of scholars' arguments which has been proposed
since de Wette. www.earticle.net
The writer here shows that verse 6a , which describes Asherah ’
s being removed from the Temple and cast out to the brook Ki dron
outside ]erusalem, belonged to the prim따y material of ]osiah’ s Temple
purification.
The writer finally reveals that Deuteronomic redactionallayer like
verses 4aba , 6b , and 7 때d post-Deuteronomic layer 파ce 4bß has been
gradually added to those older material so that the story of the Temple
purification develops towards the removal of foreign cultic elements
from]erusalem Temple.
The writer shows the relationship between the Deuteronomic
redaction and ]eremiah ,especially paying attention to such
Keywords
}osiah
Reform
Temple Purification
Asherah
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Deuteronomic Redaction