jkpo;ehL muR

Ntiytha;g;G kw;Wk; gapw;rpj;Jiw

gphpT : TNPSC Group II Njh;T

ghlk; : nghJj;jkpo; (,yf;fpak;)
gFjp : jkpo;jn
; jhz;L njhlh;ghd nra;jpfs;

fhg;Ghpik

jkpo;ehL muRg; gzpahsh; Njh;thizak; F&g; - 2 Kjy;epiy kw;Wk; Kjd;ik

Njh;TfSf;fhd fhnzhyp fhl;rp gjpTfs;> xypg;gjpT ghlf;Fwpg;Gfs;> khjphp Njh;T
tpdhj;jhs;fs; kw;Wk; nkd;ghlf;Fwpg;Gfs; Mfpait Nghl;bj; Njh;tpw;F jahuhFk;
khzt> khztpfSf;F cjtpLk; tifapy; Ntiytha;g;G kw;Wk; gapw;rpj; Jiwahy;
nkd;nghUs; tbtpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,k;nkd;ghlf; Fwpg;GfSf;fhd fhg;Ghpik
Ntiytha;g;G kw;Wk; gapw;rpj; Jiwiar; rhh;e;jJ vd njhptpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

ve;j xU jdpegNuh my;yJ jdpahh; Nghl;bj; Njh;T gapw;rp ikaNkh

,k;nkd;ghlf; Fwpg;Gfis ve;j tifapYk; kWgpujp vLf;fNth> kW Mf;fk; nra;jplNth>
tpw;gid nra;Ak; Kaw;rpapNyh <LgLjy; $lhJ. kPwpdhy; ,e;jpa fhg;Ghpik rl;lj;jpd;
fPo; jz;bf;fg;gl VJthFk; vd njhptpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J Kw;wpYk; Nghl;bj;
Njh;TfSf;F jahh; nra;Ak; khzth;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; fl;lzkpy;yh NritahFk;.

Mizah;>
Ntiytha;g;G kw;Wk; gapw;rpj; Jiw
 jkpo;j;njhz;L njhlh;ghd nra;jpfs;

NjtNeag; ghthzh;

Ch; - rq;fud; Nfhapy;

ngw;Nwhh; - QhdKj;J, ghpG+uzk;
fhyk; - 07 - 02 - 1902 Kjy; 15. 01 - 1981 tiu
,aw;wpa E}y;fs; - cah;jdpr; nrk;nkhop, jkpo; tuyhW, Kjy; jha;nkhop,
jkpo; ehl;L tpisahl;Lfs;, jkpoh; jpUkzk;,
tlnkhop tuyhW, jkpoh; kjk;, kz;zpNy tpz;,
gz;ilj;jkpo; ehfhpfKk; gz;ghLk;, cah;ju fl;Liu
,yf;fzk;, nrhy;yhuha;r;rpf; fl;Liufs;, jpUf;Fws;
kuGiu Kjypa 43 E}y;fis gilj;Js;shh;.
rpwg;G ngah;fs; - ghtyh;, nre;jkpo;nry;th;, nre;jkpo; QhapW,
; gUq;fhtyh;, nkhop QhapW, jdpj;jkpo; Cw;W,
jkpo;gn
,yf;fpag; ngl;;lfk;, ,yf;fzr; nrk;ky;,
jkpo;khdq;fhj;jth; vd 174 rpwg;Gg; ngah;fis
nfhz;lth;.
rpwg;Gfs;:
 jpuhtpl nkhopfSf;F jha;nkhop jkpo; vd;W Ma;T nra;J epWtpa nrk;ky;
NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
 jkpio tlnkhop ty;yhz;ikapypUe;J kPl;f ,iwtd; vd;id gilj;jhd;
vd;W $wpath; - NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
 nrhw;gpwg;gpay; mfuKjyp jpl;l ,af;Feuhf 08 - 05 - 1974 Kjy;
gzpahw;wpath;- NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
 vdf;F tWik cz;L, kidtp kf;fSk; cz;L, mtw;NwhL khdKk; cz;L
vd;wth; - NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
 05 - 01 - 1981 y; kJiuapy; eilngw;w cyfj;jkpo; khehl;bd; NghJ khe;jd;
Njhw;wKk; jkpoh; kuGk; vd;w jiyg;gpy; nrhw;nghopthw;wpath; - NjtNeag;
ghthzh.;
 1965 y; jkpo; ehl;by; nkhopr;rpf;fYk; mjdpd; fhuzj; jPhT
; k; vd;w Mq;fpy
E}iy vOjpdhh;.
 1968 cyfj; jkpo; fofk; vd;w jdpj;jkpo; ,af;fj;ij njhlq;fpath; -
NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
 kd;dpg;G vd;gJ cUJ nrhy;. nghWj;Jf; nfhs;f vd;gNj jkpo; nrhy; vd;W
$wpath; - NjtNeag; ghthzh;.

Page 1
 jkpo; ,yf;fpak;

gilg;Gfs;:
 ,aw;wkpo; ,yf;fzk; (1934)
 xg;gpay; nkhop E}y; (1940)
 Kjy; jha; nkhop (1935)
 fl;Liu tiutpay; vd;Dk; ciueil ,yf;fzk; (1936)
 cah;juf; fl;Liu ,yf;fzk; (Kjw;ghfk; -1950> ,uz;lhk; ghfk; 1951)
 goe;jkpohl;rp (1952)
 jpuhtplj;jha; (1944)
 nrhy;yhuha;r;rpf; fl;Liufs; (1949)
 jkpoh; jpUkzk; (1956)
 jkpo; ehl;L tpisahl;Lfs; (1959)
 ,irj; jkpo; fyk;gfk; Kjy; ghfk; (1966)
 The primary Classical Language of the World (1966)
 gz;ilj; jkpo; ehfhPfKk; gz;ghLk; (1966)
 jkpo; tuyhW (1967)
 jkpoh; tuyhW (1967)
 tlnkhop tuyhW (1967)
 ,d;dpirf; Nfhit (1969)
 jkpo; fld; nfhz;L jiof;Fkh (1969)
 tz;zid nkhop E}ypd; tOtpay; (1968)
 Nth;r;nrhy; fl;Liufs; (1973)
 jpUf;Fws; jkpo; kuGiu (1969)
 jkpoh; kjk; (1972)
 kz;zpy; tpz; my;yJ ts;Sth; $l;Lilik (1978)
 jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhW (1979)
 jkpopd; njhd;ikia cyfhpar; nra;jth; - fhy;Lnty; .
 jdpj;jkpOf;F tpj;jpl;lth; - ghpjpkhw; fiyQh; .
 jkpio jiof;fr; nra;j nrk;ky; - kiwkiyabfs; .
 jkpio Mnyd tsh;j;J khz;Gwr; nra;jth; - NjtNeag; ghthzh; .

Page 2
 jkpo; ,yf;fpak;

ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;

,aw;ngah; - Jiu khzpf;fk;

Ch; - rKj;jpuk; (Nryk;)
ngw;Nwhh; - Jiurhkp, FQ;rk;khs;
fhyk; - 10 - 03 - 1933 Kjy; 11 - 06 - 1995 tiu
rpwg;Gg; ngah; - ghtyNuW
,aw;wpa E}y;fs; - fdpr;rhW, Iia, nfha;ahf;fdp, ghtpaf;nfhj;J,
gs;spg;gwitfs;, E}whrphpak;> vz;Rit vz;gJ>
fw;gid Cw;W> cyfpay; E}W> kFGF tQ;rp> mW
gUtj;jpU $j;J
,jo;fs; - njd;nkhop (jdpj; jkpo; ,yf;fpa VL)> jkpo;r; rpl;L
(rpWth; ,jo;)> jkpo; epyk;

rpwg;Gfs;:

 ghujpjhrdpd; jiyik khzhf;fh; - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; Mthh;.

 njd;nkhop, jkpo;r;rpl;L, jkpo;epyk; ,jo;fs; %yk; cyfj; jkpohpilNa
jkpOzh;it Vw;gLj;jpath; - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;.
 cyf jkpo; Kd;Ndw;wf; fofj;ij cUthf;fpath; - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;.
 jkpopd; kPJ jdpahj Nkhfk; nfhz;lth; - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;.
 jkpioAk; fhjiyAk; xd;whff; fz;lth; - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;.

Nkw;Nfhs;:-
 xa;thf ,Uf;ifapy; jk;gp - eP, Xtpak; tiue;J goF - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;

 “jkpo; gbj;jhy; mwk; ngUk;, mfj;jpy; xspngUFk;

jpwk; ngUFk; cuk; ngUFk;, jPikf;nfjph; epw;Fk;” - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;

 mwptpay; Ma;T nra;tha; - eP, md;whlr; nra;jp gbg;gha; !

- ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;

 gs;sp gwitfspd; %d;W gFjpfs;:

FQ;rpfSf;F, gwitfSf;F, kzpnkhopkhiy
goikthjpfSf;F tUtJ gpzkhiy
JzpTilatUf;F tUtJ gzkhiy - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;

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