]B VV>VD

W]z

 ,e;jpa murpayikg;G rl;lj;jpd; VV\[D ckV^

280tJ \uj;J epjpf;FO gw;wpf; kB^
Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. epjpf;FO gFjpasT >k
mjpfhuk; nfhz;l ePjp mikg;G nghJthd tp\aq;fspy; mDgtk;
Nghd;W nray; gLfpwJ. FbauRj; cilauha; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
jiytuhy; Ie;J Mz;LfSf;F xU c 1
Kiw epjpf;FO mikf;fg;LfpwJ. cah;ePjp kd;w ePjpgjpahf ,Uj;jy;
\A Ntz;Lk;.
 xU jiyth; kw;Wk; ehd;F c 2
cWg;gpdh;fs;. ,th;fs; midtUk; epjp kw;Wk; murhq;f fzf;Ffs;
FbauRj; jiytuhy; epakpf;fg; njhlh;ghdtw;wpy; rpwg;G mwpT nfhz;b
gLfpwhh;fs;. FbauRj; jiytuhy; Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gLk; fhyk; tiuapYk; c 3
mth;fs; gjtpapy; ,Uf;fyhk;. NkYk; epjp tptfhuq;fs; kw;Wk; mJ njhlh;ghd
,th;fs; kWKiw Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl eph;thfj;jpy; mfd;w mDgtk; cilatuha;
jFjp cilath;fshth;. ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
>k \uD cVk>u c 4
zB >z]^ nghUshjhuj;jpy; rpwe;j mwpT ngw;w
 jiyth; kw;Wk; cWg;gpdh; nghWg;gpw; tuha; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
fhd jFjpfs; murpayikg;gpy; ^
$wg;gltpy;iy. vdpDk; jFjp  fPo;f;fz;l tp\aq;fspy;> FbauRj;
Fwpj;J> ghuhSkd;wk; KbT nra;J jiytUf;F ghpe;Jiufs; toq;FtJ
nfhs;syhk; vd;w mjpfhuj;ij epjpf;FOtpd; jiyaha gzpahFk;.
murpayikg;G mspj;Js;sJ. kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy muRfSf;F
mjd;gb fPof ; hZk; tiuaiwfs; ,ilNa thpapid gfph;e;jspj;jy;
mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. kw;Wk; khepyq;fSf;fpilNa
thpapid xJf;Fjy;. kj;jpa murhy;

 ]B VV>VD

khepy murpw;F toq;fg;gLk; khdpaq; ]zs[ ^

fSf;fhd nfhs;iffis tFj;jy;.  ehl;bd;> tsq;fs;> %yjdk;> kw;Wk;
khepy epjpf;FOtpd; ghpe;Jiuapd; kdpjtsk; Fwpj;j kjpg;gPL nra;jy;
Nghpy;> khepy njhFg;G epjpapypUe;J> NkYk; mtw;iw rhpahf gad;gLj;j
gQ;rhaj;J kw;Wk; efuhl;rpfSf;F Njitahd topKiwfis
Njitahd tsq;fis gfph;e;jspf;f Muha;jy;.
Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.  ehl;bd; tsq;fis kpfr; rpwe;j
epjp njhlh;ghf FbauRj; jiytuhy; KiwapYk;> rhpahd mstpYk;
tpdtg;gLk; tp\aq;fSf;F cgNahfg;gLj;Jk; tifapy;
gjpyspj;jy;. jpl;lj;jpid cUthf;Fjy;.
 \>_  jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;J tjpy;
 epjpf;FO> xt;nthU tUlKk; jdJ Kd;DhpikfisAk;> jpl;lj;jpd;
nray;ghLfs; Fwpj;j mwpf;ifia gy;NtW epiyfisAk; jPh;khdpj;jy;.
FbauRj; jiythplk; rkh;g;gpf;Fk;.  nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpf;F jil
FbauRj; jiyth;> mt;twpf;ifapid nra;Ak; fhuzpfis fz;lwpjy;.
ehlhSkd;w ,U mitfs; Kd;Gk;  jpl;lj;jpd; xt;nthU gbepiyfisAk;
rkh;gpg;ghh;. ntw;wpfukhf nray;gLj;j Ntz;ba
ckVD eltbf;iffspd; jd;ikapid
 ,e;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; xU eph;thfj; Kd;$l;bNa jPh;khdpj;jy;.
jPh;khdk; %ykhf> 1950-k; Mz;L  jpl;l nray;ghl;bd; Nghjhd
khh;r; 15-k; ehs; jpl;lf;FO cUthf;fg; tsh;r;rpapid fz;fhzpj;jy;>
gl;lJ. NkYk; Njitahd khWjy;fis
 1946-k; Mz;L K.C. epNahfp ghpe;Jiuj;jy;.
jiyikapy; mikf;fg;gl;l jpl;l  kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy muRfs; jq;fs;
thhpaj;jpd; (Advisory Planning Board)
gzpfis rhptu nra;Ak; nghUl;L
ghpe;Jiuapd; Nghpy; jpl;lf; FO
tpdTk; Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; (my;yJ)
mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
mwpTiufSf;Fk;> kw;Wk; jpl;lf;FO
>[\^ jdJ gzpapid Nkw;nfhs;Sk;
 jpl;lf;FO vd;gJ murpayikg;G
nghUl;Lk; Ntz;ba ghpe;Jiufis
me;j];J ngwhj mikg;G (Non-
toq;Fjy;.
Constitutional)
 ,j;jifa nray;ghLfs; %yk;>
 ghuhSkd;w jPh;khdk; %yk; nfhz;L
,e;jpahtpd; r%f nghUshjhu
tug;glhj mikg;G (Non-Statutory)
tsh;rr; pf;fhd mbg;gilaha; tpsq;Fk;>
 ,e;jpahtpd; r%f nghUshjhu
Ie;jhz;L jpl;lq;fis tbtikg;gjpy;
tsh;r;rpf;fhd jpl;lkplypy; Kjd;ik
ahd mikg;G. jpl;lf;FO Kf;fpa gq;fhw;WfpwJ.


 ]B VV>VD

 Nkw;fz;l gzpfSld;> kw;w rpy ]zs[ \A

nghWg;GfSk; jpl;lf; FOtpw;F  jiyth; → ,e;jpa gpujkh;
xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.  Jizj; jiyth; → ,th;jhd; jpl;lf;
kBVk FOtpd; nrayjpfhuk; nfhz;l
1. Njrpa Kd;Ndw;wj;jpy; kf;fspd; jiytuhthh; (De Facto Exective
xj;Jiog;ig ey;Fjy;. Head)
2. xt;nthU fhyq;fspYk; rpy  kj;jpa Nfgpdl; mikr;ruitaplk;
Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpfspd; tsh;r;rpf;fhd Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lq;fSf;fhd
jpl;lq;fs;. tiutpid jahhpj;J> rkh;g;gpf;Fk;
3. njhiyNehf;Fj; jpl;lkply;. nghWg;G Jizj; jiyth; trNk
4. kdpjtsj;jpd; gad;ghl;il mwpAk;
cs;sJ.
tifapy; Muha;jy;.
 ,th; kj;jpa Nfgpdl; mikr;
5. ,e;jpa jdpg;gl;l milahs mikg;G
ruitahy; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpw;F
Mizak; (UIDAI)
epakpf;fg;gLfpwhh;.
6. Njrpa khdhthhp gFjp Mizak;
 Nfgpdl; mikr;rUf;fhd me;j];ij
 ,itjtpu Njrpa jftypay; ikaKk;>
,th; ngWfpwhh;.
jpl;lf;FOtpd; fPo; nray;gl;L
 Nfgpdl; cWg;gpduha; ,th; ,y;yhj
te;jJ> gpd;dh; jfty; njhopy;El;g
mikr;rfj;jpd; fPo; khw;wg;gl;lJ. NghJk;> midj;J Nfgpdl; $l;lq;
 ,e;jpa jdpg;gl;l milahs fspYk; fye;J nfhs;Sk; chpik
mikg;G Mizak; [dthp 2009-y; ngWfpwhh; vdpDk; thf;fspf;Fk;
jpl;lf;FOtpd; fPo; ,izf;fg;gl;l chpik ,tUf;F ,y;iy.
Mizakhf Jtq;fg;gl;lJ. c^
 Njrpa khdhthhp gFjp Mizak;  rpy kj;jpa mikr;rh;fs;> jpl;lf;
Kjypy; Ntshz;ik mikr;rfj;jpd; FOtpd; gFjp Neu cWg;gpdh;fsha;
fPo; nray;gl;L te;jJ. jw;NghJ jpfo;th;. vdpDk; epjp mikr;rh; kw;Wk;
,t;thizaj;jpd; midj;J jpl;l mikr;rh; MfpNahh; ,f;FOtpy;
tptfhuq;fSk; jpl;lf;FOthy; fl;lhak; ,lk; ngw;wpUg;gh;. (Ex
ftdpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Official Members)
 jpl;lf;FOthdJ mwpTiu toq;Fk;  ehd;F Kjy; VO epGzh;fs;
mikg;G kl;LNk. ,jw;F vj;jifa jpl;lf;FOtpd; KO Neu cWg;gpdh;;
eph;thfg; nghWg;Gk; fpilahJ. fsha; ,Ug;gh;. khepyq;fSf;fhd
 KbTfis vLj;jy; kw;Wk; nray; mikr;rUila me;j];ij ,th;fs;
gLj;Jjy; Nghd;w nghWg;Gfs; ngWth;.
jpl;lf;FOtpw;F ,y;iy> mj;jifa
nghWg;Gfs; kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy
muRfSf;Nf cz;L.


 ]B VV>VD

 ,j;jpl;lf;FOtpy; xU cWg;gpdh;>  kj;jpa muR cjtpAld; kw;Wk;

nrayhsh; ,Ug;ghh;. %j;j Fbikg; kj;jpa murhy; nray;gLj;jg;gLk;
gzp mjpfhhp (IAS) nrayhsuhf jpl;lq;fspd; Kd;Ndw;wk; Fwpj;J
epakpf;fg;gLthh;. jpl;lf;FO kw;Wk; kj;jpa mikr;rfq;
]zs[ c fSf;F njhpag; gLj;Jjy;.
\A^:  Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; Mz;Lj;
1. njhopy;El;g gphpT jpl;lq;fs; Fwpj;J khepyq;fsplk;
2. `T]; fPg;gpq; gphpT (House Keeping ,Ue;J ngwg;gl;l fUj;Jfspd;
Branch) mbg;gilapy; jpl;lf; FOtpw;F
3. jpl;l mwpTiuahsh;fs; mwpTiu toq;Fjy;.
1. >Va_O  ] \]| \A (Programme
 Kf;fpa nray;ghl;L gphpT Evaluation Organisation)
 jpl;l cUthf;fk;> jpl;lk; fz;fhzpg;G  jpl;l kjpg;gPl;L mikg;ghdJ> 1952 k;
jpl;l kjpg;gPL ,tw;Wld; njhlh;G Mz;L njhlq;fg;gl;lJ.
ilaJ.  ,J jpl;lf;FOtpid rhuhj Rje;jpu
2.    mikg;G.
 nghJ eph;thff; fpis  vdpDk; jpl;lf;FOtpd; topfhl;L
 epWTjy; fpis jypd; NghpNyNa ,t;tikg;G nray;
 fz;fhzpg;Gf; fpis gLfpwJ.
 fzf;Fg; gphpT WkV \A
 jdpegh; gapw;rpg; gphpT  mYtyh;fs;→ cjtp ,af;Feh;fs;
3. ] BV^ → Jiz ,af;Feh;fs; → ,iz
 jpl;lkpLjy; njhlh;ghd tp\ ,af;Feh;fs; → ,af;Feh;.
aq;fspy; jpl;lf;FOtpw;Fk;> ] \]| \uz 7 kV
,e;jpa khepyq;fSf;Fk; ,ilNa Kk^ c^. k
,izg;ghfr; nray;gLk; nghUl;L 1. nrd;id
,e;j gjtp 1952-k; Mz;L 2. i`juhghj;
cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. 3. Kk;ig
>[ Vk 4. yf;Ndh
 khepyq;fspy; nray;gLj;jg;gLk;
tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis kjpg;gPL
nra;jy;.


 ]B VV>VD

5. rz;bfh;  khepyq;fisr; rhh;e;j kjpg;gPL

6. n[a;G+h;
7. nfhy;fj;jh
,t;tYtyfq;fspd; jiyth; Jiz
,af;Feh; Mthh;.
^:
 Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;lq;fspy; $wg;
gl;Ls;s tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspd;
nray;ghLfis Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpw;F
kjpg;gPL nra;J> mJ njhlh;ghd
mwpf;ifia jpl;lf;FO kw;Wk; Vid
eph;thf Mizaq;fSf;F mspj;jy;.
mikg;GfSf;F (Evaluation
Organisations) Njitahd njhopy;El;g
mwpTiufis toq;Fjy;.
]z u Q^ m
 mNrhf; rhz;lh → nghUshjhu
Nfgpdl;
 eph;thf rPh;jpUj;jFO → R+g;gh;
Nfgpdl;
 Nf.re;jhdk; → jpl;lkply;> ek;
ehl;bd; $l;lhl;rpj; jj;Jtj;ij
gy tp\aq;fspy; xUKfj; jd;ik
nfhz;ljha; khw;wp tpLfpwJ.

•••