Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Batangas
CUENCA INSTITUTE
Cuenca, Batangas

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
1. describe the events that take place during the first week, next eight weeks and nine weeks
following fertilization and
2. enumerate the functions of amniotic fluid.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Fertilization and Embryonic Development
Materials: Power point
Laptop
Textbook
Printed materials
References: Breaking Through Science 10, Second Edition, pgs. 224-232

III. TEACHING STRATEGIES

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

A. Preliminaries

“Let us all stand and put ourselves in the

presence of our Lord. In the name of the Father, and
of the Son, and the Holy Spirit, Amen.” (Prayers)

“Good Morning/ Good Afternoon, class!” “Good Morning/ Afternoon, Ma'am!”

“Before you take your seat kindly pick up the liters

of paper on the floor and arrange your chairs
properly.”

You may now take your seat. Thank you very

much!

“How are you today my dear students?” “We’re doing great, Ma’am!”

‘’Our class monitor, . Is there any absentees “No one is absent for today, Ma’am”
for today?”

“Great, I`m happy that all of you are present

today.”

“Alright, before we proceed to our new topic, let’s

have a review first!”

Identify what is asked in each slide.

1. It is a disease that happens when the mineral 1. Osteoporosis
density of the bone is reduced making it brittle and
porous.

2. It is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid 2. Goiter

gland. It results from the underproduction or
overproduction of thyroid hormones.

3. It is a disorder that happens during childhood 3. Gigantism

when there is abnormal increase in
height associated with too much secretion of growth
hormones.

4. Give the two smaller cycles of Menstrual Cycle. 4. Ovarian Cycle and Uterine Cycle.

5. Give the three phases of Ovarian Cycle 5. Follicular Phase, Ovulation and Luteal Phase.

6. Give the three phases of Uterine Cycle. 6. Menstruation, Proliferative Phase and Secretory
Phase.

“Amazing!”

“It’s good to know that you can still recall the things
that we have discussed last meeting.”

Before we proceed to our class discussion, let me

present to you our learning objectives for today.

Kindly read . At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Describe the events that takes place during the
first week, next eight weeks, and nine weeks
following fertilization and,
2. Enumerate the functions of amniotic fluid.

“Thank you very much. Class these are the learning

objectives that are expected for you to attain at the
end of our class discussion.”

B. Motivation

“To start our day with fun, let’s have a game and
this game is entitled ”Who am I”

“In this game,you will identify what is in the

picture. You will given 1 minute per picture to
guess.

“Is that clear class?” “Yes, Ma’am!”

For our first picture, we have…

 “Sperm Cell”

Indeed! How about the second picture?

“It is the egg cell, Ma’am”

Good job! Onto the third one…

“An embryo, Ma’am.”

That is correct! For our fourth picture…

“It is a fetus.”

And our last picture, we have…

“It is the placenta.”

Great Job!
Congratulations everyone! You did a great job in “Yes we do!”
our first activity. Did you enjoy it?
C. Activity
“Let us continue the fun and learning with our next
activity. And our activity is entitled “The Story of
Fertilization!”
“Kindly read the objectives for our activity
.”
“Thank you very much. And for our materials that
we are going to use, kindly read .”
“In this activity class, I will group you into two. The
students in this row will be the group 1 and the
students in this row will be the group 2.”
“Presented in the board are the events that take
place during the process of fertilization. Both group
will be asked to arrange them according to its right
sequence.Student groups should assemble the story
in the correct order and glue them to a construction
paper backing. You will choose a representative to
present your groupwork.”
Objectives:
1. To arrange the sequence of events and
development that takes place during the process of
fertilization.
Materials:
1. Pen
2. Bond paper
3. Construction paper
 During sexual intercourse, millions of sperm
cells powered by their flagella begin their
journey through the female reproductive
system.
 Sperm cells rapidly swim from the vagina
through the cervix, into the uterus and to their
final destination, the Fallopian tubes or
oviduct.
 Only one sperm can break through the
membrane of an egg. The sperm nucleus fuses
with the egg nucleus. Immediately after
fertilization, the structure of the egg changes
thus preventing other sperm from entering the
egg.
 After the fertilization, the zygote moves
through the Fallopian tube into the uterus. It
will then undergoes series of cell division.
 About seven days after fertilization,
implantation occurs. The blastocyst attaches
to the endometrium of the uterus.
 After implantation, the embryonic membrane
called the amnion develops to enclose the
embryo in a fluid-filled space called the
amniotic cavity. The fluid inside the cavity is
called the amniotic fluid. It protects and
cushions the fetus from sudden blow or
mechanical stress.
 For the next eight weeks, the developing
zygote is called an embryo.
 After about nine weeks, the embryo is called a
 fetus. The most rapid growth of the fetus
occurs during the fourth to the sixth months of
development. It takes nine months for a baby
to be born.
“These are your materials Group 1 and 2.”

Each group will choose a representative to present

the output of the experiment.

“Once you are done with your experiment, do your

group clap.”

“Get your materials inside the envelop and check if

it is complete.”

“After performing your activity, you have to answer Guide questions

some guide questions. Kindly read the guide 1. What events take place during the first week
questions .” after fertilization? The next eight weeks? Nine
weeks?
2. What is the function of the amniotic fluid?
“Thank you very

much!” Are you ready “Yes, Ma’am!”

class? “Yes, Ma’am!”

“Time us up everyone. You may now go back to

your respective seats. Let us now proceed to the
presentation of your answers in the guide questions.
But before you present your work let us witness
your group clap. Is that clear?” Group 1 clap.

“Group 1, are you ready?” (Presentation of group work)

Who is your representative? Come here in front and

present your output.

“Excellent Group 1 and because of that let us give

them a fantastic clap.” Group 2 clap.

“Group 2, are you ready?” (Presentation of group work)

Who is your representative? Come here in front and

present your group work.

Fantastic Group 2 and because of that let us give

them a round of applause.

D. Analysis

Let us now check the answers of the both groups.
1. What events take place during the first week
after fertilization? The next eight weeks? Nine
weeks?
“After seven days, implantation occurs.The
blastocyst attaches to the endometrium of the
uterus. For the next eight weeks, the developing
zygote is called an embryo. After about nine
 weeks, the embryo is called a fetus. The most rapid
growth of the fetus occurs during the fourth to the
sixth months or development. It takes nine months
before a baby is ready to be born.”

2. What is the function of the amniotic fluid? “The fluid inside the cavity is called the amniotic
fluid. It protects and cushions the fetus from
sudden blow or mechanical stress.”

“Congratulations everyone you did a great job in “Ma’am I think our topic for today has something
our activity. Now I have a question for you, based to do with fertilization.”
on those activities that we have done, what do you
think is our topic for today?”

E. Abstraction

Exactly, our topic for today is all about the Human

Fertilization and Embryonic Development.

For today’s lesson, what can you observe about the “It is the union of the egg cell and the sperm cell”
picture?

Correct! And that process is what we called the

Fertilization. What can you say about the
fertilization? Kindly read . “Fertilization results t o f u s i o n o f a sperm cell
and an ovum, which involves the union of the two
nuclei to form zygote.”

Alright! As being said, when we say fertilization, it

is the process wherein the sperm cell reaches the
egg cell which will later forms an ovum or a zygote.

During sexual intercourse, millions of sperm cells “Millions of sperm cells, Ma’am”
begin their journey through the female reproductive
system. Again, how many sperm cells are being
released?

That’s right! Millions of sperm cells should be

released since not all of the sperm cells were able to
reach their target site which is the egg cell. It is
because sperm cells are too sensitive and they can
easily die. They can die when their environment is
too acidic, too hot and even too cold.

What happens next? Kindly read . “Sperm cells rapidly swim from the vagina
 through the cervix, into the uterus and to their final
destination, the Fallopian tubes or oviducts.”

Why do you think sperm cells targets the Fallopian “I think because the egg cell is located in the
tubes or the oviducts? Share your idea . Fallopian tube or the oviducts.”

Very good! The Fallopian tube is where the egg cell

stays until the fertilization happens.

During the fertilization, fertilization is still possible

if the sperm cell arrive a day or two before the
ovulation. The sperm cells can stay alive for 3 days
of being in the female reproductive system.

The reason is that as ovulation occurs, the female “Ma’am, it shows how the earth's crust is bent
reproductive system adjusts its acidity to have a during earthquakes.”
healthy pathway for the sperm cells to travel.

After the fertilization, the zygote (with 46 “Ma’am the chromosomes are from its parent
chromosomes) will move through the Fallopian tube cells. 23 from the mother and 23 from its father.”
and into the uterus. Why does the zygote has 46
chromosomes? Where did it came from?

This is the Human Fertilization and Embryonic “After the union of sperm cell and egg cell, it will
Development. What are the changes happens with then form a zygote. ”
this process? Who can try to elaborate?

Alright, what will happen next? “The zygote will undergo series of cell division
until it forms morula with 16 cells formed by cell
division.”

Correct! After that, what changes will be seen? “Cell division will still takes place and from
morula, it will form blastocyst.”

And what will happen last? “The blastocyst will then mature forming an
embryo.”
After that process, about seven days after
fertilization, implantation occurs. What can you see
in the picture?
 “It is an embryo, Ma’am.”

The blastocyst attaches to the endometrium of the

uterus.

For the next eight weeks, the developing zygote is

called an embryo.

If you remember from our previous activity, I have

shown you this picture… Again what is in the
picture?
“Ma’am that is the placenta.”

Correct! The placenta is a spongy, flat and circular

tissue with networks of blood filled capillaries.
And it serves as the organ of nutrition,respiration
and excretion for the embryo.

And then after nine weeks, what will happen? “ After about nine weeks, the embryo is called a
fetus. Fetus is a term used to call the developing
embryo from the beginning of the third month
until birth.”
After the embryo matured, it will then became the
fetus. It will take about nine months for it to be born
and became a baby.

Is that clear? “Yes, Ma’am”

Another thing is that during the embryonic
development, the embryonic membrane called the
amnion develops to enclose the embryo in a fluid-
filled space called the amniotic cavity.

The fluid inside the amniotic cavity is called the

amniotic fluid.

What are the functions of amniotic fluid? Kindly  protects and cushions the fetus from sudden
read . blow or mechanical stress.
 supports the developing embryo and
 eventually the fetus.
 buoys up the fetus to allow freedom of
movement and the symmetrical
musculoskeletal development
 maintains a relatively constant temperature
for the environment surrounding the fetus,
and
 acts as lubricant to reduce friction during the
birthing process.

Is everything clear? “Yes, Ma’am”

Do you have any questions or clarifications “None, Ma’am”

regarding our lesson?

G. Evaluation

Now to check your understanding please answer

Test Yourself in page 230 in your books.

Kindly read the direction .

Multiple Choice. In space provided, write the letter

that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. Which part of the female reproductive system
is responsible for the production of the female
hormone estrogen and progesterone?
a. cervix
b. oviducts
c. ovaries
d. Uterus
2. Which part of male reproductive system
serves as storage and maturation site of sperm cell?
a. bulbourethral glands
b. Epididymis
c. Prostate gland
d. Vas deferens
3. Where does fertilization takes place?
a. Cervix
b. Oviduct
c. Ovaries
d. Uterus
4. What happens to the corpus luteum if
pregnancy does not occur?
a. It develops into new secondary oocyte.
b. It continues to secrete progesterone and estrogen.
c. It degenerates.
d. It thickens in the uterus.
5. Which of the following is the correct order of
the menstrual cycle?
a. Ovulation, luteal phase, follicular phase,
menstruation
b. follicular phase, luteal phase, Ovulation,
menstruation
c. follicular phase, Ovulation, luteal phase,
menstruation
d. luteal phase, Ovulation, follicular phase,
menstruation
6. The menstrual cycle is initiated by which of
the following hormones?
a. Estrogen
b. FSH
c. LH
d. Progesterone
7. When does ovulation occur?
a. a day before menstruation
b. Immediately after menstruation
c. No definite time
d. A day after sharp increase in the luteinizing
hormone (LH)
8. Which stage in the menstrual cycle are
progesterone and more estrogen secreted?
a. Follicular phase
b. Luteal phase
c. Ovulation
d. Menstruation
9. Which of the following best describes the
placenta?
a. Tissue that lines the uterus
 b. An endocrine gland that secretes progesterone
c. Tissue that facilitates ages and nutrient exchange
between the fetus and the mother
d. Lubricants that reduce friction during the birthing
process
10. Which of the following are not human
reproductive structures?
a. Ureters
b. Gonads
c. Ducts that receive and transport gametes
d. External genitalia

Time is up!

Exchange your papers with your seatmate.

For number 1 who wants to read and answers?

Let us find out if that is the correct answer.

“Very good!”

“Who got a perfect score?”

“Amazing!”

“I am very glad class that you really understand our

lesson for today.”

H. Assignment

Make a research about Heredity and Variation.

We will discuss Heredity and Variation on our next
meeting.

“Do you have any question or clarification? If none,

let’s call it a day. Thank you very much class. God
bless us all!”

Prepared by:
MS. YVONNE M. CUEVAS
Student Teacher

Checked by:
MRS. JOCELYN L. MACALINTAL
Cooperating Teacher