Lesson Plan in Science and Health (Grade 5)

Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter: Useful and Harmful Materials

Sci 201 Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades (Chemistry)

Prepared by: Vanessa Halos, Glaiza Mae A. Lapinig, Ryan Rose Lubguban,
Cheline Mae Tamparong, Bevsly O. Villones

I. Objective:

At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:

1. know the definition of:

a. Physical Properties
b. Chemical Properties
c. Useful Materials
d. Harmful Materials

2. identify the difference between physical and chemical properties.

3. determine what is useful and harmful materials.

II. Subject matter

The Relevance of Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter: Useful and

Harmful Materials.

References:
A. https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Map
%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_(Tro)/03%3A_Matter_and_Energy/
3.05%3A_Differences_in_Matter-
_Physical_and_Chemical_Properties#:~:text=Summary-,A%20physical
%20property%20is%20a%20characteristic%20of%20a%20substance
%20that,undergo%20a%20specific%20chemical%20change.
B. Materials: Visual Aids, Pictures, PowerPoint, Chart, Books
C. Process: Listening, Participating, Describing, Defining, Reading
D. Values: Patience, Unity, Perseverance, Passion

1
III. Procedures
A. Learning Activities

Teacher's Activity Student's Activity

A. Introduction

"Good morning everyone…" "Good morning…"

"Please all stand for the prayer…" (All students stand)

"Remain standing for our warm up

exercise." "Yehey!"

Warm up
When I Look
Verse 1
God made me
He made everything
God loves me
He can do anything
If I run over here
If I run over there
God is everywhere
And He loves me

Chorus
When I look up up up
I know He’s real "Oh, wow!"
When I look down down down
I believe what I’ve found
When I look in God’s Word
And I search for Him
He rewards me
‘Cause He loves me

Verse 2
God made me
He made everything
God loves me
He can do anything
If I run over here
If I run over there
God is everywhere

2
 And He loves me

"Are you all enjoying it?" "Yes!"

"Ok, please be seated and prepare (All students seated)

yourself as we start our discussion."

"But before that let me ask you, How is

your day today? Is it good?" "Yes!"

"Ok, that's nice to hear.."

"So, now let's proceed to our discussion."

B. Lesson Proper 1A
( Physical and Chemical Properties of
Matter)

Motivation:

What I know?
Directions: Encircle the letter of the best
answer. Do this in you notebook

1. Wood can be made into chopping

boards. What property does wood have?
A. Brittleness
B. Elasticity 1. C
C. Hardness
D. Softness

2. Steel is a strong material used in

buildings. Why?
A. It is breakable 2. D
B. Steel is elastic
C. Steel is flexible
D. The steel is hard.

3. Which of the following is the ability of a

material to allow heat and electricity to
past through it.
A. Combustibility 3. C
B. Conductivity
C. Flammability

3
D. Reactivity

4. Decaying fruit and vegetable peeling is

an example of ______.
A. Biodegradability
B. Combustibility 4. A
C. Flammability
D. Reactivity

Discussion

"Our topic for today is all about Physical

and Chemical Properties of Matter: Useful
and Harmful Materials."

Physical properties of matter

- Those which can be readily
observed without changing its
chemical composition.

"Am I understood?" "Yes!"

There are 8 classifications under Physical

Properties
•Hardness
•Brittleness
•Flexibility
•Elasticity
•Conductivity
•Malleability
•Ductility
•Porosity

● Hardness
- The ability of the material to
be rigid and resist pressure
that may cause deformation
or change in its phase.
Example: lumber
"Wood table"
"Blocks"
"Chair"

4
 "Very Good…"

● Brittleness
- A property of matter where
solid materials, when
subjected to high stress or
pressure, crumble or break
easily.

"Bulb"
"Mug"

Example: glass

"That's right…"

● Flexibility
- The ability of a material to
be bent without breaking.
Example: metal wires

"Slime"
"Spring plastic"

"Correct"

● Elasticity
- The ability of a material to

5
 be stretched and then return
to the original shape after.
Example: rubber band

"Great…"

● Conductivity
- Is the ability of a material to
allow heat and electricity to
pass through it. Metals are "Copper"
good conductors of heat and "Aluminum"
electricity. "Iron"
Example: metals

"What else do you know?"

● Malleability
- Is the ability of a substance,
usually a metal,to be
deformed or molded into a
different shape. Gold can be
hammered into flat sheets
until the desired shape is
obtained. Examples:
silver,iron,aluminum
"Gold necklace"
"Bracelet"

"Good…"

● Ductility

6
 - The property of metal is
associated with the ability to
be stretched into wire
without breaking.
Examples: gold,silver,
aluminum,copper,nickel

● Porosity
- The ability to absorb liquid
well. Porous materials have
plenty of spaces inside
"Sponge"
where liquid can be
"Diaper"
absorbed. Examples: Paper
and cloth.

"Excellent…"
"No…"
"Do you have any clarification or
questions?"

"If that's the case, I will be the one to ask

question if you really understand the
discussion."
"What is Physical Property in your own
idea?"
"Yes, please stand."
(student raise hand)
"Physical Property observed
with senses and it also
determined without
destroying matter.

7
 (students clap 5 times)

"Very good, please give your classmate a

5 clap." "Yes!"

"Is it clear now?"

"Let's proceed…"

"The next topic is all about Chemical

Properties."

"What is Chemical Properties?"

Chemical Property of Matter

- matter are those which can be
more observable once the
composition of the material starts to
change. "Yes .."

"Am I understood?"

Some chemical properties of materials:

● Combustibility - the ability of a

material to burn.
Example : alcohol, wood, gasoline "Paper.."
oil, sawdust "Kerosene.."

"Other example students at the

back…"

"Yes, correct…"

● Flammability - the ability of a

material to ignite or catch fire

8
 easily.
Example: alcohol, gasoline

Think about this!

"Do you know that not all combustibility
are flammablilty but flammablilty are all
combustibility." "Yes…"

"Understood?"

● Biodegradability - the ability of a

material to decompose.
Example: fruit and vegetables
peelings, dead plants/leaves

● Nonbiodegradability - materials
take a much time to be fully
decomposed. "Tires…"
Example: plastics "Cans…"

"Other example…?"

9
 "Ok, very good…"

"Do have any questions?"

"None?"
"None…!"
What I have learned
"This is very easy to understand, when we
say chemical change this is where new
form of material occur and does not go
back to its original form."

"Example, burning, cooked food"

"Let's proceed.."

"Ok, so there are classification of

chemical change…"

Classification of chemical change:

Change in color - tarnishing, rushing and

bleaching are examples that are indicative
of chemical change.
Example: bleaching

"Who can give me another example…"

(student raise hand)
"Yes!
"Tie dyeing"
"Correct!"

10
 • Change in ordor - the putrefaction or
decay of organic matter, it is often
accompanied by the formation of foul
smell.
Example: sweating

"You can raise hand if you have any

questions or concerns."

"Understood?" "Yes!

• Change in Taste - the souring of milk

and other edible substances are also an (student raise hand)
indication of chemical change.
Example: expired food

"Yes?" "Molded foods"

"That's right…"

• Effervescence or the formation of

bubbles - the formation of bubbles from
leaves of water plants is an indication of
photosynthesis.
Example: laundry powder

• Precipitation - the formation of insoluble

particles of solid may result from chemical
change. "Snow"
Example: rain "Fog"

"Ok, very good…"

• Exothermic and endothermic reaction -

the loss or gain of heat in most changes is
often an indication of a chemical change.
Example: rusting iron, melting ice

"An exothermic process releases heat,

causing the temperature of the immediate
surroundings to rise. An endothermic
process absorbs heat and cools the
surroundings."

"Are all clear?" "Yes..!"

11
 "Who among you doesn't understand?"
"None?" "None...!"

"Ok, let's continue.."

Evidence of Chemical Change

1. Formation of new product
2. Formation of gas
3. Release of heat.

IV. Application (Activities)

Activity 1. (Groupings)
Direction: classify the following properties as either chemical or physical property by
checking the appropriate column.

Physical Chemical
Property Property

1. Blue Color

2. Density

3. Flammablilty

4. Dissolve in water

5. Bolls at 100 degree

6. Scratches glass

7. Sour Taste

8. Rusting

9. Exploding Fireworks

10. Melting point

11. Hardness

12. Boiling point

13. Odor

14. Combustibility

15. Rubber band

12
Activity 2. (Individual)
Direction: Classify physical change and chemical change. Answers can be found
below.

Physical Change Chemical Change

Slicing bread toasting marshmallow a melting popsicle

breaking a plate a pear that is rotting burning wood
frying eggs a tire is inflated peeling a banana
squeeze orange for juice burning leaves cutting paper
food is digestive bleaching your hair paper towel absorb water
milk sour water freezing to rise baking a cake
rusting forming on a nail cutting your hair
marshmallow is cut in half tarnishing

ANSWER KEY:

Physical Change Chemical Change

slicing bread toasting marshmallow
a melting popsicle a pear that is rotting
breaking a plate frying eggs
a tire is inflated burning wood
peeling a banana food is digestive
squeeze orange for juice burning leaves
cutting paper bleaching your hair
paper towel absorb water rusting forming on a nail
cutting your hair tarnishing
marshmallow is cut in half baking a cake

13
 Teacher's Activity Student's Activity

C. Lesson Proper 1B
(Useful and Harmful Materials)

Motivation:

What I know?
Directions: Write the letter of the correct
answer.

1. Niña is cleaning the toilet. What should

she use to clean it?
a. Use some gasoline 1. B
b. Use muriatic acid
c. Use baking powder
d. Use shampoo and conditioner

2. Why is it important to dispose properly

harmful materials?
a. Harmful materials give us security
b. Harmful materials can still be useful 2. D
c. Harmful materials does not pollute the
environment
d. Harmful materials can cause harm to
people and the environment

3. Which of the following materials does not

belong to the list?
a. Bleach 3. C
b. Detergent
c. Cooking oil
d. Dishwashing liquid

4. Some materials which are normally useful

become harmful when not properly disposed.
Examples are those which are made of
plastic and rubber. What will you do to lessen
its volume? 4. D
a. Burn it
b. Just pile it up

14
c. Throw in the bin
d. Make some decorative materials out of
plastics

Discussion

"Ok, let's continue to our discussion about

Useful and Harmful Materials."

"This is very easy to classify…"

"First, I will discuss about the Useful

Materials."

Useful Materials
- are materials that can be used
anytime, anywhere and are hassle
free or not harmful to human beings
and the environment. Example: plastic
bags

"Who can give me other example aside from

plastic bags?" (student raise hand)

"There are many useful materials around our

environment."
"Cans, container…"
"That's correct!"

When is a material useful?

- Materials are considered useful when
it serves it's purpose. These .
materials may have properties such as
durability, resistance to water, heat, or
acid, flexibility, elasticity and
hardness.
Example:
A container can be a flower vase,
bank coin or decorations.

"Understood?"

15
 "None..!"
"Any questions?"

"Ok, so let's proceed to our next topic which

is the harmful materials."

Harmful Materials
- are things that should be stored
carefully and kept out of reach of
children because it may cause harm.
Example: broken glass "Pointed material like
knife,scissors,pins...!"
"What else?"

"Very good"

When is material harmful?

- Some useful materials may also bring
hazards. Toxic substances may also
be present in the things you commonly
use. These materials may bring harm
to your health, environment and other
organisms when not use properly.

A Product is harmful when it has at least

of these properties:
a. Toxic - Poison or cause long term
illness
b. Flammable - burn easily
c. Corossive - eats through materials
d. Reactive - can spontaneously ignite
or create poisonous vapors when
mixed with other products.

Differences in Useful and Harmful Materials

Useful Harmful

- A material that - Materials that are

serves it's purpose toxic to us
- Can be used for - Materials that can
other purposes cause injury

16
 - Can be recycled - Materials that
- Can be dumped cannot be dumped
straight into a landfill straight into a landfill
- Something can be - Can pollute the
recovered from the environment easily
material - Takes too much
time to decompose

"Yes…!"
"Are all clear?" "Yes…!"
"Am I understood?"

"Ok very good."

"If that's the case, I have prepared another

activity for all of you. Ok?"

V. Application (Activities)

Direction: Classify the materials found in the world pool below as useful or harmful.

Useful Materials Harmful Materials

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

drained batteries newspaper

plastic bags shattered glass
expired medicine burnt rubber tires
empty bottles food cartoons

17
ANSWER KEY:

Useful Materials
1. Plastic bags
2. Empty bottles
3. Food cartoons
4. Newspaper
Harmful Materials
1. Drained batteries
2. Expired medicine
3. Shattered glass
4. Burnt rubber

18