CHUYÊN ĐỀ 6

ĐẢO NGỮ - INVERSIONS

A. LÍ THUYẾT
Đảo ngữ là hình thức đảo ngược vị trí thông thường của chủ từ và động từ trong
một câu, được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần hay ý nào đó trong câu.

Các dạng đảo ngữ:

Các
ST Công thức Ví
dạng
T dụ
đảo
ngữ
No/Not + N + Trợ động từ + S + Not a tear did she shed when
Động từ the story ended in a tragedy.
At no time = Never = Under/In no At no time did he suspect that
circumstances his girlfriend was an enemy
(không bao giờ) spy.
By no means By no means is she poor. She
(hoàn toàn không) only pretends to be.

For no reason For no reason will we

(không vì lí do gì) surrender.

In no In no way could I believ in a

Các way (không sao có thể) ridiculous story. e
1 cụm từ On no condition = On no On no account should you be
có NO account + late for the exam.
Trợ động từ + S + Động từ
(dù bất cứ lí do gì cũng
không)
No longer (không còn nữa) No longer does he make
mistakes.
No where + Trợ động từ + S + No where can the keys be
Động từ found.
(không nơi nào, không ở
đâu)
Đảo Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Little did he know the truth.
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 ngữ Hardly, Scarcely, Barely,... Never in my life have I been
2 với in such an embarrassing
các situation.
trạng
từ phủ
định
Only after + S + V + Trợ động từ Only after I had left home did
+S+V I realize how important my
(chỉ sau khi) family played a role in my life.

Only after + N + Trợ động từ Only after his father's

+S+V retirement did he take over
Đảo
3 (chỉ sau khi) the company.
ngữ với
ONLY Only by + V-ing + Trợ động từ + Only by studying hard can
S+V you pass the exam.
(chỉ bằng cách)
Only if + S + V + Trợ động từ + S Only if you promise to keep
+V secret will I tell you about it.
(chỉ nếu)

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 Only when + S + V + Trợ động Only when you grow up can
từ + S + V (chỉ khi) you understand this matter.
Only with + N + trợ động từ + S Only with your help can we
+ V (chỉ với) manage.
Only once/ Only later/ Only in Only once have I met her.
this way/ Only then + Trợ động Only later did I realize I was
từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ wrong.
Hardly/barely/scarcely + Hardly had I gone to bed when
had + S + Vp2 + when + S the telephone rang.
Hardly + V (quá khứ đơn) = No sooner had I gone to
4
No = No sooner + had + S + Vp2+ bed than the telephone rang.
sooner than + S + V (quá khứ đơn)
(Ngay khi/vừa mới... thì)
Not Not only + Trợ động từ + Chủ Not only does she sing
5 only ngữ + Động từ + but also + beautifully but also she learns
… Chủ ngữ + Động từ (không well.
but những... mà còn)
als
o
So + Tính từ + V + chủ ngữ + So beautiful is she that many
that + clause boys run after her.
Such + be + N + that + clause/ Her anger was such that she
So/
6 N + be + such + that + clause broke the vase.
Such
... (quá... đến nỗi mà) = Such was her anger that
that she broke the vase.

Not until/till + Time/Time clause Not until/till midnight did he

Not + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + come home.
7 until/ Động từ Not until/till I was 8 did I
Not (mãi đến khi) know how to ride a bike.
till
Neither + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ Neither is there excitement
8 Neither
+ Động từ nor entertainment in
this small town.
Câu điều kiện loại 1: Should he come, please tell
Should + S+V, V + O /S + will, him to see me.

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 can... + V
Đảo Câu điêu kiện loại 2: Were I you, I would apply for
9 ngữ Were + S + (to V) + ..., S + that job. Were I to have
với would/could + V enough money, I would buy
câu that car.
điều Câu điều kiện loại 3: Had the car in the front not
kiện Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could stopped so suddenly, the
+ have + Vp2 accidents wouldn't have
happened.
Although/even though/though Although the exercise is
+ S + V, S +V difficult, the boys can solve it.
= Much as + S + V, S + V = Much as the exercise is
10 Althou
= No matter what + S + V, S + V difficult, the boys can solve it.
gh
hoặc No matter how + adj/adv + = No matter how difficult the
S + V, S + V exercise

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 = However + adj/adv + S + V = is, the boys can solve it.
Adj/adv + as/though + S + V, S + = However difficult the
V exercise is, the boys can solve
it.
= Difficult as the exercise is,
the boys can solve it.
11 NOR Nor + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + He doesn't smoke, nor does he
Động từ drink.
Đảo So/Neither + Trợ động từ + Chủ I can't sing well, neither can
12 ngữ có ngữ my sister. He loves football,
SO/ so do I.
NEITHE
R
Đảo Adv of place + V + S Near my house is a bus stop.
ngữ
với
13 các
trạng
từ chỉ
phươ
ng
hướn
g/ nơi
chốn
Đảo Cụm phân từ (V-ing/Vp2) + V + Situated in the central
14 ngữ S mountains of Alaska is a peak
với named Denali.
cụm Coming first in the race was
phân my sister.
từ

B.BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Exercise 1: Chọn phương án đúng

1.Not only to determine the depth of the ocean floor, but it is also used to
locate oil.
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 A. seismology is used B. using seismology C. is seismology
used D. to use seismology
2. advised on what and how to prepare for the interview, he might have got
the job.
A. Had he been B. If he had C. Unless he had been D. Were he to be
3.Not until 1856 across the Mississippi River.

A. the first bridge was built B. was the first bridge built
C. the first bridge built D. did the first bridge build
4.Only when you grow up, the truth.

A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know
5. Mozart was an accomplished compose while still a child.
A. Remarkable as it seems B. As it seems remarkable
C. No matter remarkable it seems D. Remarkable however it seem
6.Out for a walk after she finished doing her homework.
A. did Mary go B. Mary went C. Mary did go D. went Mary
7. she could not say anything.
A. So upset was she that B. So upset was she
C. However upset was she that D. Therefore upset was she that
8. with my previous job, I would have won a higher promotion and I in
this unfortunate position now.
A. Unless I had stayed / am not B. If I stayed / would not be
C. If had I stayed / will not be D. Had I stayed / would not be
9.Not only to speak to him, but she also vowed never to see him again.
A. she refused B. did she refuse C. she did refuse D. when she refused
10. an emergency arise, call 911.
A. Should B. If C. Will D. Were
11. Nowhere in the northern section
of the United States for growing citrus crops.
A. is there suitability of the climate B. where the climate is suitable
C. the climate is suitable D. is the climate suitable
12. Only after she had finished
the course did she realize she a wrong choice.
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 A. had made B. has made C. had been making D. was making
13. Never him stand on the deserted station platform.
A. will I forget to see B. I will forget to see
C. will I forget seeing D. I will forget seeing
14. The instructor blew his whistle and
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners runs off
15. Seldom far enough north to disturb South Pacific shipping lanes.
A. Antarctic icebergs will move B. will Antarctic icebergs move
C. will move Antarctic icebergs D. move Antarctic icebergs will
16. will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
A. At any time B. At no time C. At a time D. At one time
17. He listened so attentively that not a word
A. he had missed B. he missed C. he didn't miss D. did he miss
18. We spent nearly 3 hours
waiting outside the station, then out
A. the star came B. did the star come C. came the star D. be
the star coming
19. The African killer bees could
not be handled safely, nor
A. their honey could be harvested B. harvested could their honey be
C. could not their honey be harvested D. could their honey be harvested
20. Down when he was passing under the tree.
A. an apple fall B. an apple fell C. did an apple fall D. fell an apple
Exercise 2:Chọn phương án đúng
Question 1: He finally contracted the disease. He was aware of the importance of
preventive measures
only then.
A. But for his awareness of the importance of preventive measures, he could have
contracted the disease.
B. Hardly had he been aware that preventive measures were essential when he
contracted the disease.
C. Not until he was aware of the importance of preventive measures did he contract the
disease.

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D. Only after he had contracted the disease was he aware that preventive measures
were essential.
Question 2: The new generation of computers is powerful. It can process faster than
any earlier models.
A.Not until the new generation of computers had processed faster than any earlier
models was it powerful.
B.So powerful is the new generation of computers that it can process faster than any
earlier models.
C.But for the new powerful generation of computers, it would have processed faster
than any earlier models.
D. Only if the new generation of computers were powerful could it process faster than
any earlier models.
Question 3. The COVID-19 has resulted in schools shut all across the world. People
are more
concerned about online learning platforms only then.
A. Not until people are more concerned about online learning platforms has the COVID-
19 resulted
in schools shut all across the world.
B. Hardly had the Covid-19 result in schools shut all across the world when people are
more
concerned about online learning platforms.
C. Only after the COVID-19 has resulted in schools shut all across the world are people
more
concerned about online learning platforms.
D. Without people’s concern about online learning platforms, schools all across the
world wouldn’t
have been shut down.
Question 4. I got myself comfortable and closed my eyes. Shortly after that, I heard the
sound of the
alarm.
A. Scarcely had I got myself comfortable and closed my eyes, I heard the sound of the
alarm.
12
B. Not until I hardly heard the sound of the alarm did I get myself comfortable and close
my eyes.

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C. Hardly had I got myself comfortable and closed my eyes when I heard the sound of
the alarm.
D. Only when I heard the sound of the alarm did I get myself comfortable and closed
my eyes.
Question 5. The first-time voters casted a ballot for their preferred candidates. They
were aware of
the citizen rights and responsibilities then.
A. Without an election to vote for their preferred candidates, the first-time voters
couldn't be
aware of the citizen rights and responsibilities.
B. Until they were aware of the citizen rights and responsibilities did the first-time voters
cast a
ballot for their preferred candidate.
C. Only when the first-time voters casted a ballot for their preferred candidate were they
aware of
the citizen rights and responsibilities.
D. No sooner had they been aware of the citizen rights and responsibilities than the
first-time
voters cast a ballot for their preferred candidate.
Question 6. They didn’t stop arguing about the exercise. Then, the teacher explained
it.
A. Not until did the teacher explain the exercise they stopped arguing about it.
B. Only after the teacher explained the exercise, they stopped arguing about it.
C. Only until the teacher explained the exercise, they stopped arguing about it.
D. Not until the teacher explained the exercise did they stop arguing about it.
Question 7. The firefighters had just left the building. There was a loud explosion.
A. No sooner had the firefighters left the building than there was a loud explosion.
B. Only after there had been a loud explosion did the firefighters leave the building.
C. Not until there had been a loud explosion did the firefighters leave the building.
D. Had it not been for a loud explosion, the firefighters would not have left the building.
Question 8: Jimmy took up rock climbing. He overcame his fear of heights only then.
A.
Hardly had Jimmy took up rock climbing when he overcame his fear of heights.
B.
But for taking up rock climbing, Jimmy would have overcome his fear of heights.
C.

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Despite his fear of heights, Jimmy took up rock climbing.
D.
Only when Jimmy took up rock climbing did he overcome his fear of heights.
Question 9. Smoking is unhealthy. It also costs governments billions of dollars in
health-care costs.
A. Not only is smoking unhealthy but it also costs government billions of dollars in
health-care costs.
B. Whereas smoking is unhealthy, it costs government billions of dollars in health-care
costs.
C. If smoking is unhealthy, it will cost government billions of dollars in health-care costs.
3
D. Smoking is so unhealthy that it costs government billions of dollars in health-care
costs.
Question 10: Pollution is a significant problem all around the world. Many people are
debating possible solutions.
A. Such is pollution a significant problem all around the world that many people are
debating possible solutions.
B. Not until pollution is a significant problem all around the world are many people
debating
possible solutions.
C. It is only when pollution is a significant problem all around the world are many
people debating possible solutions.
D. Significant as problem is all around the world, many people are debating possible
solutions.
Question 11: She is the winner of the beauty pageant. That is the only reason people
pay attention to
her.
A. Were she the winner of the beauty pageant, people would pay attention to her.
B. Should she be the winner of the beauty pageant, people will pay attention to her.
C. If it hadn’t been for the fact that she was the winner of the beauty pageant, people
wouldn’t have paid attention to her
D. If it weren't for the fact that she is the winner of the beauty pageant, people wouldn’t
pay attention to her.
Question 12: My relationship with my father is important. It has shaped my attitude
towards men.

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A. But for the important relationship with my father, it would have shaped my attitude
towards men.
B. Only if my relationship with my father were important would it shape my attitude
towards men.
C. So important is my relationship with my father that it has shaped my attitude towards
men.
D. Not until my relationship with my father had shaped my attitude towards men was it
important.
Question 13: My father supported me much in my career. I did really well in my
business.
A. So well did I do in my business that my father supported me much in my career.
B. Hardly had I done so well in my business when my father supported me much in my
career.
C. Only after I had done so well in my business did my father support me much in my
career.
D. Had it not been for my father’s support, I couldn’t have done so well in my business.
Question 14: His wife helped him much in his work. He was promoted to chief
executive.4
A. Only after he had been promoted to chief executive did his wife help him much in his
work.
B. Not only was he promoted to chief executive but his wife also helped him much in
his work.
C.Had it not been for his wife’s help in his work, he couldn’t have been promoted to
chief executive.
D. Hardly had he been promoted to chief executive when his wife helped him much in
his work.
Question 15: He was appointed to the post. He then called to inform his wife.
A. Had it not been for his call to inform his wife, he wouldn’t have been appointed to the
post.
B. Not only did he call to inform his wife but he was also appointed to the post.
C. Only after he had called to inform his wife was he appointed to the post.
D. Hardly had he been appointed to the post when he called to inform his
Question 16: I heard the full story. Then, I understood what it was about.
A. Only after I had understood what it was about did I hear the full story.
B. Having understood what it was about, I heard the full story.
C. Only when I heard the full story did I understand what it was about.

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D. No sooner had I understood what it was about than I heard the full story.
Question 17: I went home. Then, I realized I had left my laptop at the office.
A. But for the fact that I had left my laptop at the office, I wouldn’t have gone home.
B. Only after I had gone home did I realize I had left my laptop at the office.
C. Having realized I had left my laptop at the office, I went home.
D. Hardly had I left my laptop at the office when I went home.
Question 18: He graduated from the university. He started to work for the local hospital
soon after that.
A. No sooner had he graduated from the university than he started to work for the local
hospital.
B. Only after he had started to work for the local hospital did he graduate from the
university.
C. Not only did he start to work for the local hospital but he also graduated from the
university.
D. Having started to work for the local hospital, he graduated from the university.

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