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2015 ckESpf
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2016 ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv
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jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf ESihf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;
1/ OD;xGef;xGef;OD; B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf
2/ OD;omaX; LL.B.(Advocate) jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
3/ OD;pkd;ñGefY B.A.,R.L. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
4/ OD;jrodrf; B.A. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
5/ OD;jrihfatmif B.A. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
6/ OD;atmifaZmfodef; B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
7/ OD;jrihf[ef B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;


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2/ OD;jrodr;f B.A. tzGUJ 0if
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7/ OD;pk;d ode;f B.Com, M.P.A,R.L, DML tzGUJ 0if
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8/ a':cifcsdKtkef; LL.B,M.P.A, tzGJU0if
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9/ OD;pk;d vGif LL.B. tzGUJ 0if ]] w&m;pD&if&mwGif trSefukd
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10/ a':cifar&D LL.B. tzGUJ 0if
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;
w&m;rw&m;pD&ifa&;Xme
( jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHawmf ESihf armifa&T (c) armifa&S yg 2 )(1)
jynfaxmifpw k &m;pD&ifa&;Bu;D Muyfr½I ;kH
11/ a':pki,f LL.B. tzGUJ 0if
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;
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12/ a':at;at;ode;f LL.B. twGif;a&;rSL;
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1/ 1966 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHpD&ifxHk; (w&m;½Hk;csKyf) pm-616 /

8/ a':cifcsdKtkef; LL.B,M.P.A, tzGJU0if
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyf Dip.in English, German,
w&m;pGEJ iS t hf rIvu dk Of ;D pD;Xme
9/ OD;pk;d vGif LL.B. tzGUJ 0if ]] w&m;pD&if&mwGif trSefukd
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jynfaxmifpw k &m;pD&ifa&;Bu;D Muyfr½I ;kH pD&ifaMumif; trsm;jrifap&monf }}
10/ a':cifar&D LL.B. tzGUJ 0if
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11/ a':pki,f LL.B. tzGUJ 0if
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12/ a':at;at;ode;f LL.B. twGif;a&;rSL;
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1/ 1966 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHpD&ifxHk; (w&m;½Hk;csKyf) pm-616 /


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20 17
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2015 cJjh cif;jzpfaMumif; awGU&onf/ trdefYonf tay:,HaMumMunfh½Hkjzifh Oya't& rSm;,Gif; 2015

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2015 trIwGif ay:aygufcsuft& avQmufxm;olonf wkdifMum;pmjzifh ukd&Jjrifhatmifu avQmufxm;ol 2015

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2015 trIwGif ay:aygufcsuft& avQmufxm;olonf wkdifMum;pmjzifh ukd&Jjrifhatmifu avQmufxm;ol 2015

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2015 jcif;aMumifh &Jw&m;½H;k wGif yg0ifaqmif&u

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tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefYonf w&m;0iftcGihf t&m&Sdrsm; yg0ifaMumif;?
tmPm&SdolwpfOD;OD; odkYr[kwf tzGJUtpnf;wpfckckujzpfap? (3) xko
d Ydk ½H;k xkid &f rnfh t&m&St d oD;oD;udk &Jw&m;½H;k
tpk;d &Xmewpfcck u
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vkdufemaqmif&Guf&ef ysufuGufrItm; Oya'ESifhtnD vkdufem ysuf,Gif;jcif;vnf;r&SdaMumif;?
aqmif&Gufap&ef a&;om;xkwfjyefonfh trdefYpmjzpfonf/
(4) &Jw&m;½Hk;wGif vkdtyfaomtqifh&Sdol t&m&Sd
okdYjzpf&m avQmufxm;oltay: ppfaq;&efzGJUpnf; rsm;jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; &Jw&m;½Hk;u auseyf
onfh &Jw&m;½H;k onf jynfo&Yl w
J yfzUJG pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;Oya'? &rnf/
32 29
2015 uscaH p&ef trdecYf srw S cf &H aom armif0if;pd;k u armfvu kd cf ½kid w
f &m;½H;k enf;Oya'ESit hf nD zGUJ pnf;xm;jcif; [kwf r[kw?f yg0ifot l &m&Sd
2015
armif0if;pkd; odYk 2011 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I ikd &f mt,lcrH t I rSwf 4 jzifh t,lcw H ifoiG ;f &m rsm;onf enf;Oya' 29 t& &Jw&m;½H;k wGif yg0ifaqmif&u G cf iG fh
&JtkyfvSjrifh
ESihf t,lcrH u I kd cGijhf yKNy;D jypfrq I ikd &f mOya'yk'rf 354 t& axmif'Pf 2 ESpf r&Sdonfh t&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;olrsm; [kwf r[kwfudk enf;
ESihf
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jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
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2012 ckESpf? jypfrIqdkif&mjyifqifrItrSwf 52 (c) tjzpf wifoiG ;f &m olrS uefu Y u

G cf jhJ cif;r&So
d nfukd taMumif;jyKí qufvufppfaq; yg 4
jyifqifrIudkcGifhjyKNyD; armfvkdufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;\ trdefYudk jyefvnf Ny;D avQmufxm;oltay: &mxl;tqifah vQmch sco hJ nfh &Jw&m;½H;k
twnfjyKco hJ nf/ ,if;trdeu Yf kd w&m;cH armif0if;pk;d u rauseyfojzifh
\trdefYudk twnfjyKcJhonfh &JcsKyf\trdefYonfvnf;aumif;?
jynfxaJ &;0efBu;D Xme? jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D xH avQmufxm;olu
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f Ydk 2013 ckEpS ?f jypfrqI idk &f mjyifqifrI
toem;cHpmwifoGif;rItay: yvyfí jypf'Pfudk qufvuf
trSwf 301 (c) udk wifoiG ;f cJ&h m atmifjrifrrI &&So d jzifh jynfaxmifpk
twnfjyKcJhonfh trdefYonfvnf;aumif; jynfolY&JwyfzGJU
w&m;pD&ifa&;Oya'yk'fr 19 t& txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2013
pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;Oya'? enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh nDñw G rf eS uf ef
ckESpf? jypfrIqkdif&mtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf 186 udk
jcif;r&SdbJ tyfESif;xm;aom vkyfykdifcGihfESihftnD aqmif&Guf&ef
wifoGif;cJh&m atmufygjyóemrsm;tay: txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK
ysufuGufaMumif; pdppfawGU&Sd&ojzifh tmPmay;pmcRefawmf
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cHpm;cGifhcHpm;cJhNyD;jzpfonfh w&m;cHarmif0if;pdk;tm; trde?Yf jrefrmEkid if &H w
J yfzUJG &JcsKyu
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S cf suf
jypfrqI idk &f musix
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ESifhtnD xkacscGifhray;bJ armfvdkufc½dkifw&m;½Hk;\ twnfjyKonfh jynfxJa&;0efBuD;Xme? jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;\
trdeu Yf ykd ,fzsuNf y;D jypfrq
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30 31
&mZ0wftxl;t,lcHrI azmfjyxm;ojzifh jyifqifrw I &m;½H;k avQmufvcJ suMf um;emrnfh ½H;k csed ;f 2015
+ 2015 ckESpf
azazmf0g&Dv 16 &uf udk w&m;cHoYkd today;Ny;D jzpfvQif w&m;cHonf xkacsavQmufv&J ef armif0if;pkd;
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;? tcGit hf a&;&&SNd y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnfjzpfonf/ taMumif;Mum;pm ESihf
udk vufcH&&SdcJhol w&m;cHwpfOD;taejzifh rdrd&&Sdonfh xkacs jynfaxmifpkor®w
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
OD ; omaX;? OD ; pd k ; ñG e f Y ? OD ; jrod r f ; ? OD ; jrif h a tmif ? avQmufvcJ iG uhf kd trSew f u,f vku d ef musio
hf ;kH &efvakH vmufrI &Sd r&Sd
OD ; atmif a Zmf o d e f ; ? OD ; jrif h [ ef w d k Y a &S U wG i f [l a omtcsuf r S m trI w pf r I c sif ; tvd k u f ay:ayguf v monf h
xl;jcm;csurf sm;ESihf EdiI ;f ,SOof ;kH oyf&rnfjzpfonf/
armif0if;pd;k xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyftrdefY
ESihf onf rlv½H;k trdeu
jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEkdifiHawmf* or®w\ vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGit hf rdet
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I &m;½H;k u avQmufvcJ suf Mum;emrnf½h ;kH csed ;f udk w&m;cHoYkd xd k Y a Mumih f jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf ½ H k ; u
today;Ny;D jzpfvQif w&m;cHonf xkacsavQmufv&J ef tcGihf EkdifiHawmfor®w½Hk;\ vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihfjyKonfh trdefYtrSwf
ta&;&&SNd y;D jzpf rjzpf/ rlv½H;k trdeYf jyefvnftwnfjyKjcif; 1^2012 ESihf tusKH ;0ifoufqidk af p&rnf[al om rSwcf sujf zifh ppfuidk ;f
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rSm;,Gi;f jcif;r&S[ d k oH;k oyfawGU&S&d onf/
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / &mZ0wfusix
hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 439 (2) yg jy|mef;csuf
wGif Unless he has had an opportunity of being heard, [k t,lcw
H &m;vdtk wGuf - OD;cifarmifnKd ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
*
t,lcwH &m;cHtwGuf - a':&if&ifoef;? ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;?
2014 ckESpf? &mZ0wftxl;t,lcHrItrSwf 11
+
2013 ckESpf? &mZ0wfjyifqifrItrSwf 301 (c) wGifcsrSwfaom 2013 ckESpf?
pufwifbmv 25 &ufpGJyg jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ trdefYtay: armfvdkufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? jypfrIBuD;trSwf
txl;t,lcHrI 24 wGif jypfrIqdkif&mOya'yk'fr 376^511 t& axmif'Pf 5 ESpf
30 31
&mZ0wftxl;t,lcHrI azmfjyxm;ojzifh jyifqifrw I &m;½H;k avQmufvcJ suMf um;emrnfh ½H;k csed ;f 2015
+ 2015 ckESpf
azazmf0g&Dv 16 &uf udk w&m;cHoYkd today;Ny;D jzpfvQif w&m;cHonf xkacsavQmufv&J ef armif0if;pkd;
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;? tcGit hf a&;&&SNd y;D jzpfonf[k rSw, f &l rnfjzpfonf/ taMumif;Mum;pm ESihf
udk vufcH&&SdcJhol w&m;cHwpfOD;taejzifh rdrd&&Sdonfh xkacs jynfaxmifpkor®w
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf w&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
OD ; omaX;? OD ; pd k ; ñG e f Y ? OD ; jrod r f ; ? OD ; jrif h a tmif ? avQmufvcJ iG uhf kd trSew f u,f vku d ef musio
hf ;kH &efvakH vmufrI &Sd r&Sd
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xl;jcm;csurf sm;ESihf EdiI ;f ,SOof ;kH oyf&rnfjzpfonf/
armif0if;pd;k xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyftrdefY
ESihf onf rlv½H;k trdeu
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today;Ny;D jzpfvQif w&m;cHonf xkacsavQmufv&J ef tcGihf EkdifiHawmfor®w½Hk;\ vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihfjyKonfh trdefYtrSwf
ta&;&&SNd y;D jzpf rjzpf/ rlv½H;k trdeYf jyefvnftwnfjyKjcif; 1^2012 ESihf tusKH ;0ifoufqidk af p&rnf[al om rSwcf sujf zifh ppfuidk ;f
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rSm;,Gi;f jcif;r&S[ d k oH;k oyfawGU&S&d onf/
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / &mZ0wfusix
hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 439 (2) yg jy|mef;csuf
wGif Unless he has had an opportunity of being heard, [k t,lcw
H &m;vdtk wGuf - OD;cifarmifnKd ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
*
t,lcwH &m;cHtwGuf - a':&if&ifoef;? ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;?
2014 ckESpf? &mZ0wftxl;t,lcHrItrSwf 11
+
2013 ckESpf? &mZ0wfjyifqifrItrSwf 301 (c) wGifcsrSwfaom 2013 ckESpf?
pufwifbmv 25 &ufpGJyg jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ trdefYtay: armfvdkufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? jypfrIBuD;trSwf
txl;t,lcHrI 24 wGif jypfrIqdkif&mOya'yk'fr 376^511 t& axmif'Pf 5 ESpf
32 29
2015 uscaH p&ef trdecYf srw S cf &H aom armif0if;pd;k u armfvu kd cf ½kid w
f &m;½H;k enf;Oya'ESit hf nD zGUJ pnf;xm;jcif; [kwf r[kw?f yg0ifot l &m&Sd
2015
armif0if;pkd; odYk 2011 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I ikd &f mt,lcrH t I rSwf 4 jzifh t,lcw H ifoiG ;f &m rsm;onf enf;Oya' 29 t& &Jw&m;½H;k wGif yg0ifaqmif&u G cf iG fh
&JtkyfvSjrifh
ESihf t,lcrH u I kd cGijhf yKNy;D jypfrq I ikd &f mOya'yk'rf 354 t& axmif'Pf 2 ESpf r&Sdonfh t&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;olrsm; [kwf r[kwfudk enf;
ESihf
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a'oBuD;Oya'csKyf½Hk;u ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfokdY wGif yg0if½;kH xkid of nfh t&m&Swd pfO;D OD;ESipfh yfvsO;f í avQmufxm; jynfxJa&;0efBuD;Xme
2012 ckESpf? jypfrIqdkif&mjyifqifrItrSwf 52 (c) tjzpf wifoiG ;f &m olrS uefu Y u

G cf jhJ cif;r&So
d nfukd taMumif;jyKí qufvufppfaq; yg 4
jyifqifrIudkcGifhjyKNyD; armfvkdufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;\ trdefYudk jyefvnf Ny;D avQmufxm;oltay: &mxl;tqifah vQmch sco hJ nfh &Jw&m;½H;k
twnfjyKco hJ nf/ ,if;trdeu Yf kd w&m;cH armif0if;pk;d u rauseyfojzifh
\trdefYudk twnfjyKcJhonfh &JcsKyf\trdefYonfvnf;aumif;?
jynfxaJ &;0efBu;D Xme? jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D xH avQmufxm;olu
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f Ydk 2013 ckEpS ?f jypfrqI idk &f mjyifqifrI
toem;cHpmwifoGif;rItay: yvyfí jypf'Pfudk qufvuf
trSwf 301 (c) udk wifoiG ;f cJ&h m atmifjrifrrI &&So d jzifh jynfaxmifpk
twnfjyKcJhonfh trdefYonfvnf;aumif; jynfolY&JwyfzGJU
w&m;pD&ifa&;Oya'yk'fr 19 t& txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2013
pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;Oya'? enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh nDñw G rf eS uf ef
ckESpf? jypfrIqkdif&mtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf 186 udk
jcif;r&SdbJ tyfESif;xm;aom vkyfykdifcGihfESihftnD aqmif&Guf&ef
wifoGif;cJh&m atmufygjyóemrsm;tay: txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK
ysufuGufaMumif; pdppfawGU&Sd&ojzifh tmPmay;pmcRefawmf
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cHpm;cGifhcHpm;cJhNyD;jzpfonfh w&m;cHarmif0if;pdk;tm; trde?Yf jrefrmEkid if &H w
J yfzUJG &JcsKyu
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hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 439 (2)yg jy|mef;csuf udk twnfjyKonfh trdefYESifh ,if;jypf'Pftm; qufvuf
ESifhtnD xkacscGifhray;bJ armfvdkufc½dkifw&m;½Hk;\ twnfjyKonfh jynfxJa&;0efBuD;Xme? jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;\
trdeu Yf ykd ,fzsuNf y;D jypfrq
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Yk [kwf onfh armfvdkufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;\ trdefYudk jyefvnf 2015
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jynfaxmifpkor®w jynfaxmifpkor®w
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tay: t,lcH? jyifqifw&m;½Hk;rsm;u jypf'Pf vufEpS zf uftm;csKyu f ikd í
f toifyh gvmaom "m;OD;cRejf zifh vnfyif;
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Oya'taMumif;t&m trSwf (1) ESiphf yfvsO;f í jypfrq I ikd &f m xrDuq kd cJG RwNf y;D abmfvu D v
kd nf;qGcJ Rwu
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f iG f unless he has had an atmf[pfojzifh OD;atmifjrwfMunf? OD;tJy?k aZmfrif;xGe;f wdYk a&mufvm
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avQmufvJcsufMum;emrnfh½Hk;csdef;udk w&m;cHokdY today;NyD;jzpfvQif u wdkifcsufa&;zGifhaomtrI jzpfonf/
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vdkufemusifhoHk;&ef vHkavmufrI &Sd r&Sd [laomtcsufrSm trI vkyif ef;wGif oGm;a&muftvkyv f yk u
f ikd af epOf jyefvnfzrf;qD;cH&jcif;
wpfrIcsif;tvdkuf ay:aygufvmonfhxl;jcm;csufrsm;ESifh EdIif;,SOf jzpfaMumif;? zrf;qD;onfh &JwyfzUJG 0ifrsm; ajymjyonft h cgrS ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f
oHk;oyf&rnfjzpfonf/ ,cktrIwGif xl;jcm;csufwpfpHkwpf&m a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf \ trd e f Y t & axmif ' Pf 5 ES p f o d k Y
ay:aygufjcif;r&Sdí ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu jyifqifwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwfcJhonf[kod&aMumif;? t,lcHw&m;cHtay:
34 35
2015 yk'frajymif;vJí jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwf&mü t,lcHw&m;vdktm; &ufaeY wGif armfvu kd f NrKd Ue,fw&m;½H;k ? 2011 ckEpS ?f jypfrBI u;D trSwf 2015
armif0if;pkd; 24 wGif csrSwfcJh aomtrdefYudk jyefvnftwnfjyKjcif;jzpfaMumif;? armif0if;pkd;
w&m;½H;k a&SUodYk ac:,ljcif;r&Sb d tJ rdecYf srw
S cf jhJ cif;onfvnf;aumif;?
ESihf ESihf
Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGihf trdet Yf & jypf'Pfavsmah ygh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f 2013 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I idk &f mjyifqifrI
cHpm;cJo h w l pfO;D tay: jypf'Pfw;kd jri§ phf &D ifcjhJ cif;onf armifpkd;odef; trSwf 301 (c) trIwGif EdkifiHawmfor®w½Hk;\ vGwfNidrf;csrf;om jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
yg 5 ESifh jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHtrI(1)? a':wifwifatmifESifh cGijhf yKonfh trdeYf trSwf 1^2012 ESihf tusKH ;0ifoufqikd af p&rnf[k
jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf yg 2(2) pD&ifx;kH rsm;ESihf qefu Y siv
f su&f dS azmfjyxm;NyD;jzpfojzifh t,lcHw&m;vdkonf vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihf
aMumif;? jypfrIqdkif&musifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 439 (2)wGif w&m;cH trdefYyg cHpm;cGifhudk qHk;½HI;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;
w&m;vTwaf wmfu t,lcw H &m;vdx
k H jypfrq
I ikd &f musixhf ;kH Oya'yk'rf
ud, k w f ikd jf zpfap? a&SUaejzifjh zpfap xkacsciG rhf &vQif ¤if;w&m;cHtm;
439 (2) ESifhtnD xkacsavQmufvJEkdif&ef taMumif;Mum;cJhNyD;
xdcdkufatmif þyk'frt& rnfonfhtrdefYudkrQ csrSwfjcif;rjyK&[k
jzpfaMumif;? tqdkyg taMumif;Mum;pmudk t,lcHw&m;vdkudk,fwdkif
twdtvif;jy|mef;xm;aomfvnf; t,lcw H &m;vdt k m; Mum;em&ef
vufc&H &SNd y;D 2 vcefY MumrS jypf'Pfw;kd jri§ o hf nft h rdeu Yf kd csrw
S jf cif;
tcGifhta&;ay;NyD;½HkrQjzifh ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu
jzpfí t,lcHw&m;vdkonf ¤if;udk,fwdkifjzpfap? a&SUaejzifhjzpfap
jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwfcJhonfh trdefYonfvnf;aumif;? ,if;trdefYudk
xkacsciG &hf &Scd ohJ nf[k ay:aygufaMumif;? odjYk zpfí þtxl;t,lc½H ;kH rS
twnfjyKcJhonfh jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\trdefYwdkYonf
xkwEf w k cf o
hJ nfh Oya'jyóemudk rSeu f efonf[ak jzMum;í þtxl;
Oya'ESifhnDñGwfrIr&SdaMumif;? okdYjzpfí xkwfEkwfxm;onfh Oya' t,lcHrItm; yvyfoifhaMumif; avQmufxm;onf/
jyóemudk rSefuefjcif;r&Sd[k ajzMum;NyD; armfvdkufc½dkifw&m;½Hk;\
þtrIwiG f xkwEf w
k x
f m;onfjh yóemudk pdppfo;kH oyf&
trdeu Yf kd jyefvnftwnfjyKoifah Mumif; avQmufxm;onf/
ygu Oya'taMumif ; t&mES p f & yf quf p yf v suf & S d o nf u d k
jynf a xmif p k a &S U aecsKyf ½ H k ; ? ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;u awGU&onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm
ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf \ 2012 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I ikd &f m
(1) jypfrIqdkif&musifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 439 (2) wGif-
jyifqifrItrSwf 52 (c) wGif csrSwfaomtrdefYonf 11-7-2011
]] No order under this section shall be made to the
(1) 1972 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-15/ prejudice of the accused unless he has had an
(2) 2011 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-39/ opportunity of being heard, either personally or
34 35
2015 yk'frajymif;vJí jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwf&mü t,lcHw&m;vdktm; &ufaeY wGif armfvu kd f NrKd Ue,fw&m;½H;k ? 2011 ckEpS ?f jypfrBI u;D trSwf 2015
armif0if;pkd; 24 wGif csrSwfcJh aomtrdefYudk jyefvnftwnfjyKjcif;jzpfaMumif;? armif0if;pkd;
w&m;½H;k a&SUodYk ac:,ljcif;r&Sb d tJ rdecYf srw
S cf jhJ cif;onfvnf;aumif;?
ESihf ESihf
Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGihf trdet Yf & jypf'Pfavsmah ygh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f 2013 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I idk &f mjyifqifrI
cHpm;cJo h w l pfO;D tay: jypf'Pfw;kd jri§ phf &D ifcjhJ cif;onf armifpkd;odef; trSwf 301 (c) trIwGif EdkifiHawmfor®w½Hk;\ vGwfNidrf;csrf;om jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
yg 5 ESifh jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHtrI(1)? a':wifwifatmifESifh cGijhf yKonfh trdeYf trSwf 1^2012 ESihf tusKH ;0ifoufqikd af p&rnf[k
jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf yg 2(2) pD&ifx;kH rsm;ESihf qefu Y siv
f su&f dS azmfjyxm;NyD;jzpfojzifh t,lcHw&m;vdkonf vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihf
aMumif;? jypfrIqdkif&musifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 439 (2)wGif w&m;cH trdefYyg cHpm;cGifhudk qHk;½HI;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;
w&m;vTwaf wmfu t,lcw H &m;vdx
k H jypfrq
I ikd &f musixhf ;kH Oya'yk'rf
ud, k w f ikd jf zpfap? a&SUaejzifjh zpfap xkacsciG rhf &vQif ¤if;w&m;cHtm;
439 (2) ESifhtnD xkacsavQmufvJEkdif&ef taMumif;Mum;cJhNyD;
xdcdkufatmif þyk'frt& rnfonfhtrdefYudkrQ csrSwfjcif;rjyK&[k
jzpfaMumif;? tqdkyg taMumif;Mum;pmudk t,lcHw&m;vdkudk,fwdkif
twdtvif;jy|mef;xm;aomfvnf; t,lcw H &m;vdt k m; Mum;em&ef
vufc&H &SNd y;D 2 vcefY MumrS jypf'Pfw;kd jri§ o hf nft h rdeu Yf kd csrw
S jf cif;
tcGifhta&;ay;NyD;½HkrQjzifh ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu
jzpfí t,lcHw&m;vdkonf ¤if;udk,fwdkifjzpfap? a&SUaejzifhjzpfap
jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwfcJhonfh trdefYonfvnf;aumif;? ,if;trdefYudk
xkacsciG &hf &Scd ohJ nf[k ay:aygufaMumif;? odjYk zpfí þtxl;t,lc½H ;kH rS
twnfjyKcJhonfh jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\trdefYwdkYonf
xkwEf w k cf o
hJ nfh Oya'jyóemudk rSeu f efonf[ak jzMum;í þtxl;
Oya'ESifhnDñGwfrIr&SdaMumif;? okdYjzpfí xkwfEkwfxm;onfh Oya' t,lcHrItm; yvyfoifhaMumif; avQmufxm;onf/
jyóemudk rSefuefjcif;r&Sd[k ajzMum;NyD; armfvdkufc½dkifw&m;½Hk;\
þtrIwiG f xkwEf w
k x
f m;onfjh yóemudk pdppfo;kH oyf&
trdeu Yf kd jyefvnftwnfjyKoifah Mumif; avQmufxm;onf/
ygu Oya'taMumif ; t&mES p f & yf quf p yf v suf & S d o nf u d k
jynf a xmif p k a &S U aecsKyf ½ H k ; ? ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;u awGU&onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm
ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf \ 2012 ckEpS ?f jypfrq I ikd &f m
(1) jypfrIqdkif&musifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 439 (2) wGif-
jyifqifrItrSwf 52 (c) wGif csrSwfaomtrdefYonf 11-7-2011
]] No order under this section shall be made to the
(1) 1972 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-15/ prejudice of the accused unless he has had an
(2) 2011 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-39/ opportunity of being heard, either personally or
36 33
2015 by pleader}} [k jy|mef;xm;ojzifh w&m;cH odr

Yk [kwf onfh armfvdkufNrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;\ trdefYudk jyefvnf 2015
armif0if;pkd; w&m;cHa&SUaerS avQmufvJcsufwifoGif;jcif; twnfjyKco hJ nfh ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf armif0if;pkd;
ESihf ESihf
rjyKbJ w&m;cHtay: oufqkdif&mw&m;½Hk;rS \trdeu Yf kd jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f twnf
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhcGifh &Sd r&Sd/ jyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefjcif; &Sd r&Sd}}
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
(2) 2-1-2012&uf p G J y g Ek d i f i H a wmf o r® w ½H k ; \ trIrSmarmfvdkufNrdKUe,f? xef;yifukef;&Gmae rarZifpkd;
trdet Yf rSwf 1^2012 vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGit hf rde\ Yf onf 31-3-2011 aeY? aeYvnf 11 em&DcefYwGif v,fawmrS &GmodkY
tusKd ;cHpm;cGiu hf kd rlvtrIppfNrKd Ue,fw&m;olBu;D ½H;k \ jyefvmpOf BuKd UyifcekH m;ta&mufwiG f wpf&mG wnf;aeud0k if;pd;k ESiahf wGUNy;D
pD&ifcsuftrdefYt& cHpm;cGifh&Sdonfh w&m;cHwpfOD; b,foGm;rvJ? pum;ajymp&m&Sdao;w,f[kqdkum arZifpkd;\
tay: t,lcH? jyifqifw&m;½Hk;rsm;u jypf'Pf vufEpS zf uftm;csKyu f ikd í
f toifyh gvmaom "m;OD;cRejf zifh vnfyif;
wdk;jr§ifhcGifh &Sd r&Sd/ udk awhxm;NyD; awmxJokdYqGJac:aMumif;? xkdYaemuf arZifpkd;\
Oya'taMumif;t&m trSwf (1) ESiphf yfvsO;f í jypfrq I ikd &f m xrDuq kd cJG RwNf y;D abmfvu D v
kd nf;qGcJ Rwu
f m vH;k axG;pOf arZifp;dk u
usixhf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 439 (2) yg jy|me;fcsuw
f iG f unless he has had an atmf[pfojzifh OD;atmifjrwfMunf? OD;tJy?k aZmfrif;xGe;f wdYk a&mufvm
opportunity of being heard [kazmfjyxm;ojzifh jyifqifrw I &m;½H;k u aomtcg armif0if;pd;k rSmxGuaf jy;oGm;í ta&;,lay;yg&ef arZifp;dk
avQmufvJcsufMum;emrnfh½Hk;csdef;udk w&m;cHokdY today;NyD;jzpfvQif u wdkifcsufa&;zGifhaomtrI jzpfonf/
w&m;cHonfxkacsavQmufvJ&ef tcGifhta&; &&SdNyD;jzpfonf[k t,lcw H &m;vd\ k a&SUaeu t,lcw H &m;vdo k nf 2-1-2012
rSwf,l&rnfjzpfonf/ taMumif;Mum;pmudk vufcH&&Sdol w&m;cH &ufpyJG g Ekid if aH wmfor®w½H;k \ vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGithf rdet
Yf & uav;
wpfOD;taejzifh rdrd&&SdonfhxkacsavQmufvJcGifhudk trSefwu,f tusOf;axmifrS vGwfajrmufNyD; [kr®vif;NrdKUe,ftwGif;&Sd a&TarQm
vdkufemusifhoHk;&ef vHkavmufrI &Sd r&Sd [laomtcsufrSm trI vkyif ef;wGif oGm;a&muftvkyv f yk u
f ikd af epOf jyefvnfzrf;qD;cH&jcif;
wpfrIcsif;tvdkuf ay:aygufvmonfhxl;jcm;csufrsm;ESifh EdIif;,SOf jzpfaMumif;? zrf;qD;onfh &JwyfzUJG 0ifrsm; ajymjyonft h cgrS ppfuikd ;f wdik ;f
oHk;oyf&rnfjzpfonf/ ,cktrIwGif xl;jcm;csufwpfpHkwpf&m a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf \ trd e f Y t & axmif ' Pf 5 ES p f o d k Y
ay:aygufjcif;r&Sdí ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu jyifqifwdk;jr§ifhcsrSwfcJhonf[kod&aMumif;? t,lcHw&m;cHtay:
37
t,lcHw&m;vdktay: jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhjyifqifowfrSwfcJhjcif;onf 2015

jypfrq I ikd &f musix
hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 439 (2) yg jy|mef;csuu f kd qefu Y sijf cif; armif0if;pkd;
ESihf
r&Sad Mumif; oH;k oyfawGU&S&d onf/ odjYk zpfí t,lcw H &m;vdk odrYk [kwf
jynfaxmifpkor®w
¤if;\a&SUaerS avQmufvJcsufwifoGif;jcif;r&Sdaomfvnf; xkacs jrefrmEdkifiHawmf
avQmuf v J & ef tcG i f h t a&;&NyD ; jzpf í ppf u d k i f ; wd k i f ; a'oBuD ;
w&m;vTwaf wmfu jypf'Pfw;kd jri§ chf iG &hf o dS nf[k oH;k oyfawGU&S&d onf/
Oya'taMumif;t&m trSwf (2) ESiph f yfvsO;f í 2-1-2012
&ufpyJG g Ekid if aH wmfor®w½H;k \trdeYf trSwf 1^2012 vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGihf
trdefYwGif ]]1373 ckESpf? jymodkvqef; 9 &uf (c&pfESpf 2012 ckESpf?
Zefe0g&Dv 2 &uf) rwdik rf D usL;vGecf ahJ om jypfrw I pfcck Ek iS phf yfvsO;f í
jypf'PfcsrSwfjcif;cH&NyD;ygu ,if;uJhodkY uscHae&aom jypf'Pf
toD;oD;udk atmufygtwdik ;f vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGijhf yKvu kd o f nf}} [k
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\trdefYonf rlv½Hk;trdefYudk jyefvnftwnfjyKjcif;jzpfonf/
Ekid if aH wmfor®w\ vGwNf ird ;f csr;f omcGit hf rdet
Yf & jypf'Pfavsmah ygh
cHpm;cJholwpfOD;tay: jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhpD&ifonf[k rqdkEkdifay/
xdaYk Mumifh jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy½f ;kH u Ekid if aH wmfor®w½H;k \
vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGifhjyKonfhtrdefYtrSwf 1^2012 ESifh tusHK;0if
oufqdkifap&rnf[laom rSwfcsufjzifh ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD;
w&m;vTwaf wmf\trdeu Yf kd twnfjyKcjhJ cif;onf rSm;,Gi;f jcif;r&S[ d k
oHk;oyfawGU&Sd&onf/
38 39
2015 Ad k v f B uD ; atmif 0 if ; ES i f h Ek d i f i H a wmf t rI (3) wGif jyefvnftwnfjyKcjhJ cif;jzpfonf udk awGU& onf/ t,lcw H &m;vdu k 2015
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d J ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfu csrw S cf o
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onf/ ,cktrIwGif t,lcHw&m;vdkonf ¤if;tay:jypfrIqdkif&m &rnf/
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38 39
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37
t,lcHw&m;vdktay: jypf'Pfwdk;jr§ifhjyifqifowfrSwfcJhjcif;onf 2015

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fh mPm&Sad Mumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ onf rl v uyif ysuf j y,f a eí jyif q if r I w pf c k v H k ;
,if;yk'rf rsm;yg jy|mef;csurf sm;rSm xkt
d cef;u ay;tyf ysuf j y,f j cif ; &S d r&S d /
xm;onfh tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yfudk &,lvkdvQif pmcRefawmftrdefY qH k ; jzwf c suf / w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg
avQmufxm;EkdifaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkY jy|mef; jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;r t,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqikd o
f nf/
xm;jcif;aMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&; jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ odkYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ESihf
wpf&yf&yfukd &,l&eftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhEkdif a':vSciftrI (3) pD&ifx;kH onf þjyifqifrt I wGuf tajzr[kwaf y/
onf[k usO;f ajrmif;pGm t"dymÜ ,faumuf,&l efr[kwaf y/ xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 yg
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (6)? yk'fr 296 wGif jy|mef;csuft& wpfOD;wpfa,mufujzpfap? wpfOD;wpfa,muf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf pmcRefawmftrdefY (5) rsdK;udk tay:jzpfap trIwpfrpI q JG Edk idk vf Qif xko
d ul kd trSjD yKí awmif;ykid o
f l
xkwfykdifcGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ xkdodkY jy|mef;&mü wpfO;D OD;uvnf; odrYk [kwf xko d Ykd awmif;ykid o
f w
l pfO;D OD; tay:vnf;
tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY ,if;trIukd pGq
J Edk idk o
f nf/
xkwqf ifEh idk o
f nf[k uefo Y wfxm;jcif;r&Sad y/ xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ trIpqJG o
kd nft h csed w
f iG f aoqH;k vsu&f adS om
wpfOD;wnf;aom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdaomtrIonf vHk;vHk;
a':0if;0if;ckdif (¤if;\tcGifh& ESifh cHkorm"daumifpD 245
vsm;vsm;ysufjy,fonf/ odkY&mwGif w&m;vkd odkYr[kwf w&m;NydKif
ud,
k pf m;vS,f OD;ausmaf Z,s) yg 3
trsm;tjym;&Sdonfhteuf trIpGJqkdpOfu wpfOD;OD;uG,fvGefNyD;
Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½kH
jzpf½HkrQjzihf trIonf ueOD;uwnf;u ysufjy,fonf[k rqdkEkdif/
trIrmS wpfO;D xufyadk om w&m;NyKd irf sm;tay: pGq J adk omtrIjzpfNy;D
(un) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u#)
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avQmufxm;EkdifNyD; jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu xkdodkY avQmuf x m;jcif ; ud k cG i h f j yKEk d i f rEk d i f ? uG , f v G e f o l
avQmuf x m;vmonf h ud p ö & yf r sm;tay: pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y tay: w&m;buf j yKí jyif q if r I w if o G i f ; cJ h j cif ;
wpf&yf&yfukd xkwq
f ifah y;cGit
fh mPm&Sad Mumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ onf rl v uyif ysuf j y,f a eí jyif q if r I w pf c k v H k ;
,if;yk'rf rsm;yg jy|mef;csurf sm;rSm xkt
d cef;u ay;tyf ysuf j y,f j cif ; &S d r&S d /
xm;onfh tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yfudk &,lvkdvQif pmcRefawmftrdefY qH k ; jzwf c suf / w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg
avQmufxm;EkdifaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkY jy|mef; jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;r t,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqikd o
f nf/
xm;jcif;aMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&; jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ odkYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ESihf
wpf&yf&yfukd &,l&eftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhEkdif a':vSciftrI (3) pD&ifx;kH onf þjyifqifrt I wGuf tajzr[kwaf y/
onf[k usO;f ajrmif;pGm t"dymÜ ,faumuf,&l efr[kwaf y/ xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 yg
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (6)? yk'fr 296 wGif jy|mef;csuft& wpfOD;wpfa,mufujzpfap? wpfOD;wpfa,muf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf pmcRefawmftrdefY (5) rsdK;udk tay:jzpfap trIwpfrpI q JG Edk idk vf Qif xko
f l
xkwfykdifcGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ xkdodkY jy|mef;&mü wpfO;D OD;uvnf; odrYk [kwf xko d Ykd awmif;ykid o
f w
l pfO;D OD; tay:vnf;
tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY ,if;trIukd pGq
J Edk idk o
f nf/
xkwqf ifEh idk o
f nf[k uefo Y wfxm;jcif;r&Sad y/ xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ trIpqJG o
kd nft h csed w
f iG f aoqH;k vsu&f adS om
wpfOD;wnf;aom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdaomtrIonf vHk;vHk;
a':0if;0if;ckdif (¤if;\tcGifh& ESifh cHkorm"daumifpD 245
vsm;vsm;ysufjy,fonf/ odkY&mwGif w&m;vkd odkYr[kwf w&m;NydKif
ud,
k pf m;vS,f OD;ausmaf Z,s) yg 3
trsm;tjym;&Sdonfhteuf trIpGJqkdpOfu wpfOD;OD;uG,fvGefNyD;
Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½kH
jzpf½HkrQjzihf trIonf ueOD;uwnf;u ysufjy,fonf[k rqdkEkdif/
trIrmS wpfO;D xufyadk om w&m;NyKd irf sm;tay: pGq J adk omtrIjzpfNy;D
(uX) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (ups)
toufxif&Sm;&Sdaom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdcGihf&SdvQif w&m;½Hk;u pmrsuEf mS avQmuf x m;ol r sm;rS trI a c:pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y pmrsuEf mS
pdppf&efrmS uG,vf eG o
f o
l nf trIwiG f rygrjzpfyg0if&ef vkt d yfaom xk w f q ih f a y;&ef avQmuf x m;jcif ; onf jynf a xmif p k w &m;
trIonf [kwf r[kwf jzpfonf/ trIwGif rygrjzpfyg0if&ef vT w f a wmf c sKyf \ trd e f Y t ay: avQmuf x m;jcif ; jzpf o nf /
vkdtyfaomtrIonfjzpfvQif tarGpm;tarGcHrsm;udk trIwGif wpfenf;qkdaomf avQmufxm;olrsm;rS trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY
xnfhoGif;Ekdif&ef tqkdvTmudk jyifqifcGihfjyKEkdif rjyKEkdif qufvuf xkwq f ihaf y;&ef avQmufxm;aomtrdeu Yf kd csrw S o
f nfh w&m;½H;k onf
pdppf&rnfjzpfonf/ OD;vHk; ESihf ypönf;xdef;0eftrI(2) udk Munfyh g/ jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf j zpf í jynf a xmif p k w &m;
vTwfawmfcsKyfu BuD;MuyfuGyfuJ&onfh vufatmuf w&m;½Hk;
r[kwo f jzihf pmcReaf wmftrdex Yf w
k q
f ihcf iG rfh &Sad Mumif;rSm jrifomonf/
a':nHa&T ESifh a':jrcif yg 3 57
k q
tarGyykH pön;f use&f pfaMumif; tjiif;ryGm;bJ tarGyykH pön;f rSm txufyg
csrw
ypön;f jzpfonf? vufxufymG ;;ypö ypönf;jzpfonf ponfjzifh
tjiif ; yG m ;aevQif ypö n f ; trsd K ;tpm;ud k tajccH u m Gold Moon Fair Family ESihf jynfaxmifpw
w&m;vdkonf rnfonfhypönf;trsdK;tpm; wGif tarGa0pk Company Ltd (a&Tv£aÈ´ w&m;olBuD; (3 OD;xkdif) yg 5
rnfrQ&xkdufaMumif; yPmr'Du&DwGif owfrSwfay;&ef rdom;pkurk P
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d uf
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'g½kdufwma':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya' aemufqufwGJ (C)?
trSwpf Of 15? jrefrmEdkifiHOya'rsm;twGJ 12? pm 291 wGif tarG jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifh
pDrcH efcY aJG y;apvkrd üI csrw
S &f rnfh yPmr'Du&D (3) rsKd ;teuf aqGrsKd ; EkdifcGihftmPm? zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (8) yg
om;csif;upGJqkdaomtrIwGif csrSwf&rnfhyPmr'Du&Dudk tykd'f 3 tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmf trdefY
rSpí jy|mef;xm;onf/ xkdjy|mef;csufrsm;wGif atmufygtwkdif; xkwfqifhEkdifonf[k uefYowfxm;rIr&Sdjcif;/
yg&Sod nf-
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHk
]]In suits by next-of-kin- tajccHOya' tcef; (8)? tykd'f 377 ESihf 378 wkdYwGif þtcef;
(uw) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u!)
of facts which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he pmrsuEf mS 3. That an inquiry be made and account taken of pmrsuEf mS
can succeed in the suit.}} what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is en-
titled to as next-of-kin [or one of the next-of-kins]
w&m;pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; [l o nf w&m;vk d t rI w G i f
of the intestate,}}
tEdik rf &rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k
tqkdyg pD&ifxHk;wGif jyqkdjcif;onf trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg tqkdygjy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif yPmr'Du&Dü tarG
jy|mef;csuft"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg ypön;f pm&if;aumuf,&l efEiS hf w&m;vk\ d tarGa0pkukd owfrw S &f ef
]]trIwGiftEkdifr&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwGif tEkdif&&ef}} jzpfonf/ w&m;vk\ d a0pkukd owfrw S af y;onfq&dk mü tarGypön;f
t"dymÜ ,f&onf[k wpfenf;qkEd idk o f nf/ trsdK;tpm;wpfrsdK;xufydkygu tarGypönf;trsdK;tpm;tvkduf
xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh w&m;vkd&oihfonfh tarGa0pkudk owfrSwfay;&efjzpfonf/ Oyrm
ykid &f iS \
f tcGitfh a&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf o hJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkvd mT w&m;vko d nf txufygypön;f \ b,fEpS yf &kH xku d o
f nf? vufxufymG ;
t& ay:aygufojzifh t,lcw H &m;vko d nf tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf taqmuf ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk&xkdufonf[k azmfjyowfrSwfay;&efvkdonf/
ttHkwGif qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sdxm;ykdifcGihf od&Yk mwGif rnfonfyh pön;f onf tarGyykH pön;f jzpfonf/ rnfonfyh pön;f
(possessory title) &&Sdol[kvnf; rqkdEkdifacs/ xkdYaMumihf t,lcH onf txufygypön;f jzpfonf ponfjzifh yPm'Du&DwiG f qH;k jzwf&ef
w&m;vkt d aejzifh vuf&x dS m;ydik cf iG fh tcGithf a&;udk taMumif;jyKí r[kwaf y/ OD;ta&mifESifh rumMuLarT;trI (2)? a':wifMunfESifh
vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG cdk iG hf tcGit fh a&;r&Sad cs/ a':trmtrI(3)? OD;bkdBuD;ESifh OD;udkBuD;trI(4)? a':aiGvdIif yg 8 ESifh
OD;vSaqmif yg 3 trI(5) rsm;udk Munfyh g/
OD;&rfual b;yef'pf ESihf OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh yg 5 174 xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / rnfonfhypönf;onf tarGyHkypönf;jzpf
onf? rnfonfyh pön;f onf txufygypön;f jzpfonfukd yPmr'Du&D
xdrf;jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvTmjzifh vufxyfxdrf;jrm; NyD;aemuf wGif qH;k jzwf&efr[kwaf omfvnf; tqkt d acsrsm;t& tarGyykH pön;f
r*FvmyGJtcrf;tem;jyKvkyfay;&ef uwdjyKcJhjcif;on
onff usef&SdaMumif; tjiif;ryGm;bJ tarGyHkypönf;rSm txufygypönf;jzpf
y#dnmOftufOya't& y#dnmOf ajrmuf rajrmuf/ onf? vufxufyGm;ypönf;jzpfonf ponfjzifh tjiif;yGm;aevQif
tjiif;yGm;onfh ypönf;trsdK;tpm;ukd tajccHum w&m;vdkonf
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jref r mAk ' ¨ b momw&m;Oya't& xd r f ; jrm;
(u¡) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uP)
txufygypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk? vufxufyGm;ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHkudk pmrsuEf mS he can succeed in the suit) omvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/ pmrsuEf mS
&xkdufaMumif; tarGa0pkcGJa0owfrSwfay;&ef vkdrnfjzpfonf/
w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGqJ &kd ef
odrYk o
S m tNy;D owf'u D &DwiG f tarGqidk w
f \
Ydk &ykid cf iG w
fh u
Ydk kd owfowf taMumif; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
rSwrf w S f azmfjyEkid rf nfjzpfonf/ ay:ayguf&ma'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
pGq
J &dk rnf[vk nf;aumif;? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif w&m;pGq J dk
a':wifyk yg 7 ESihf a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 71 &eftaMumif; wpf&yfwnf;ESiphf yfvsO;f í wpfcx k ufyadk om oufomcGifh
rsm;udk &xkud cf iG &fh o
dS w
l pfO;D onf tqkyd goufomcGifh tm;vH;k twGuf
w&m;rusix
fh ;kH Oya'trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) t& tqkv d mT wGif w&m; jzpfap? tcsdKUt0uftwGufjzpfap w&m;pGJqkdEkdifonf/ _ _ _
pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&m _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/
rsm;udk tqkjd yK&rnfjzpf&m w&m; pGq J &dk eftaMumif;udk rnfoYkd
pdppf&efvjkd cif;/ w&m;NyKd ib
f ufrS acsvmT wif&efjy|mef;xm;aom w&m;r
usix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 8 rwkid rf D yk'rf 20 (*)? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif;qko d nfrmS w&m;vkd trI (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif
Ekdif&ef? oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpkjzpf ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk
onf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf
jy|mef;csuft& qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/
jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the
cause of action) uk d tqk d j yK&rnf j zpf o nf / tqk d v T m u
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef
w&m;pGq J &dk ef taMumif;jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f
xif&Sm;odom apjcif;r&SdvQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t& jyqkx
d m;onf-
tqdv k mT udk y,f&rnfjzpfonf/ xkaYd Mumifh tqkv d mT ü tqkjd yKaom ]]Cause of action }} occuring in s.20 (c) of the Civil
taMumif; jcif;&mrsm;onf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif; Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would
&Sd r&So
d mvQif pdppf&rnf/ wpfenf;qk&d aomf xkt d aMumif;jcif;&mrsm; be necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his
xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdk onf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&Sd (to prove before right to the judgment of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle
(u¡) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uP)
txufygypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk? vufxufyGm;ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHkudk pmrsuEf mS he can succeed in the suit) omvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/ pmrsuEf mS
w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGqJ &kd ef
odrYk o
f \
Ydk &ykid cf iG w
fh u
Ydk kd owfowf taMumif; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
rSwrf w S f azmfjyEkid rf nfjzpfonf/ ay:ayguf&ma'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
pGq
J &dk rnf[vk nf;aumif;? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif w&m;pGq J dk
a':wifyk yg 7 ESihf a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 71 &eftaMumif; wpf&yfwnf;ESiphf yfvsO;f í wpfcx k ufyadk om oufomcGifh
rsm;udk &xkud cf iG &fh o
dS w
l pfO;D onf tqkyd goufomcGifh tm;vH;k twGuf
w&m;rusix
fh ;kH Oya'trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) t& tqkv d mT wGif w&m; jzpfap? tcsdKUt0uftwGufjzpfap w&m;pGJqkdEkdifonf/ _ _ _
pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&m _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/
rsm;udk tqkjd yK&rnfjzpf&m w&m; pGq J &dk eftaMumif;udk rnfoYkd
pdppf&efvjkd cif;/ w&m;NyKd ib
usix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 8 rwkid rf D yk'rf 20 (*)? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif;qko d nfrmS w&m;vkd trI (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif
Ekdif&ef? oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpkjzpf ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk
onf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf
jy|mef;csuft& qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/
jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the
cause of action) uk d tqk d j yK&rnf j zpf o nf / tqk d v T m u
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef
w&m;pGq J &dk ef taMumif;jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f
xif&Sm;odom apjcif;r&SdvQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t& jyqkx
d m;onf-
tqdv k mT udk y,f&rnfjzpfonf/ xkaYd Mumifh tqkv d mT ü tqkjd yKaom ]]Cause of action }} occuring in s.20 (c) of the Civil
taMumif; jcif;&mrsm;onf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif; Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would
&Sd r&So
d mvQif pdppf&rnf/ wpfenf;qk&d aomf xkt d aMumif;jcif;&mrsm; be necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his
xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdk onf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&Sd (to prove before right to the judgment of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle
(uw) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u!)
of facts which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he pmrsuEf mS 3. That an inquiry be made and account taken of pmrsuEf mS
can succeed in the suit.}} what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is en-
titled to as next-of-kin [or one of the next-of-kins]
w&m;pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; [l o nf w&m;vk d t rI w G i f
of the intestate,}}
tEdik rf &rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k
tqkdyg pD&ifxHk;wGif jyqkdjcif;onf trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg tqkdygjy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif yPmr'Du&Dü tarG
jy|mef;csuft"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg ypön;f pm&if;aumuf,&l efEiS hf w&m;vk\ d tarGa0pkukd owfrw S &f ef
]]trIwGiftEkdifr&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwGif tEkdif&&ef}} jzpfonf/ w&m;vk\ d a0pkukd owfrw S af y;onfq&dk mü tarGypön;f
t"dymÜ ,f&onf[k wpfenf;qkEd idk o f nf/ trsdK;tpm;wpfrsdK;xufydkygu tarGypönf;trsdK;tpm;tvkduf
xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh w&m;vkd&oihfonfh tarGa0pkudk owfrSwfay;&efjzpfonf/ Oyrm
ykid &f iS \
f tcGitfh a&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf o hJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkvd mT w&m;vko d nf txufygypön;f \ b,fEpS yf &kH xku d o
f nf? vufxufymG ;
t& ay:aygufojzifh t,lcw H &m;vko d nf tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf taqmuf ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk&xkdufonf[k azmfjyowfrSwfay;&efvkdonf/
ttHkwGif qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sdxm;ykdifcGihf od&Yk mwGif rnfonfyh pön;f onf tarGyykH pön;f jzpfonf/ rnfonfyh pön;f
(possessory title) &&Sdol[kvnf; rqkdEkdifacs/ xkdYaMumihf t,lcH onf txufygypön;f jzpfonf ponfjzifh yPm'Du&DwiG f qH;k jzwf&ef
w&m;vkt d aejzifh vuf&x dS m;ydik cf iG fh tcGithf a&;udk taMumif;jyKí r[kwaf y/ OD;ta&mifESifh rumMuLarT;trI (2)? a':wifMunfESifh
vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG cdk iG hf tcGit fh a&;r&Sad cs/ a':trmtrI(3)? OD;bkdBuD;ESifh OD;udkBuD;trI(4)? a':aiGvdIif yg 8 ESifh
OD;vSaqmif yg 3 trI(5) rsm;udk Munfyh g/
OD;&rfual b;yef'pf ESihf OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh yg 5 174 xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / rnfonfhypönf;onf tarGyHkypönf;jzpf
onf? rnfonfyh pön;f onf txufygypön;f jzpfonfukd yPmr'Du&D
xdrf;jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvTmjzifh vufxyfxdrf;jrm; NyD;aemuf wGif qH;k jzwf&efr[kwaf omfvnf; tqkt d acsrsm;t& tarGyykH pön;f
r*FvmyGJtcrf;tem;jyKvkyfay;&ef uwdjyKcJhjcif;on
onff usef&SdaMumif; tjiif;ryGm;bJ tarGyHkypönf;rSm txufygypönf;jzpf
y#dnmOftufOya't& y#dnmOf ajrmuf rajrmuf/ onf? vufxufyGm;ypönf;jzpfonf ponfjzifh tjiif;yGm;aevQif
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jref r mAk ' ¨ b momw&m;Oya't& xd r f ; jrm;
(ue) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (ux)
]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qdo k nfrmS wnfqaJ &TUajymif;Ekid o f nfypön;f odrYk [kwf pmrsuEf mS vufxyfjcif; w&m;0ifap&eftwGuf tcrf;tem;rvdkaMumif;? pmrsuEf mS
ra&T U ajymif ; Ek d i f o nf h y pö n f ; ud k ay;urf ; ol [ k ac:wG i f o l u um,uH&iS Ef pS Of ;D \ oabmwlnrD q I EómvQif vkt d yfonfu
h pd jö zpf
tykdif&ol[k ac:wGifolodkY tzkd;pm;em;r&SdbJ tvkdtavsmuf aMumif;? xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;rjyKb;l aom jrefrmAk'b ¨ mom tysKd ?
vTaJ jymif;ay;&m tykid &f olujzpfap? ¤if;twGujf zpfap vufc, H jl cif; vlysdKrsm;tzkdY tdrfeD;csif;rsm;wufa&mufonfh tcrf;tem;wpf&yf
jzpfonf}} [k jy|mef;xm;&m ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} wGif wnfqJypönf;udk usi;f yum xdr;f jrm;vufxyfavh&adS Mumif;? odaYk omf w&m;Oya't&
ay;urf;jcif;? ay;urf;jcif;udk tykid &f olu jzpfap? ¤if;twGujf zpfap todtrSwfjyKxm;onfh tcrf;tem;[lí r&SdaMumif;? rat;r,f
vufcH,ljcif; ponfhtcsufrsm;ESifh jynfhpHkvQif ay;urf;jcif; yg 2 ESifh rMunfMunf yg 2 trI(4) wGif xHk;jyKxm;onf/ jrefrm
txajrmufonf/ ay;urf;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sd "avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& Ak'¨bmom0iftrsdK;om;ESifh trsdK;orD;wkdY
jzpf&rnf/ ay;urf;aomypönf;udk tykdif&,lolu vufa&muf&&Sd& vufxyfaygif;oif;&mwGif owfrSwfxm;aom tcrf;tem;[lí
rnf[k ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif; tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg jy|mef;csuu f r&SdaMumif;? vufxyfolwkdY\ oabmqE´t& ESpfzufrdbaqGrsdK;
rqkdvdkaMumif; ay:vGifonf/ rdwo f *F[rsm;tm; zdwMf um;auR;arG;um r*Fvmtcrf;tem;jyKvyk f
Mujcif;omjzpfonf/ r*Fvmtcrf;tem;rjyKvkyfonfhtwGuf
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 (ukd,fwkdifESihf ESifh a':cifoef;at; 137 tMuifvifr,m;tjzpf vufxyfaygif;oif;rI ysufjy,fjcif;r&Sdacs/
t,lcHw&m;vdktrSwf 2 \ rxufxufatmifEiS hf armifa0vif;vQw H oYdk nf aiGaqmifaus;&GmwGif
tcGi&fh uk,d pf m;vS,)f ESpOf ;D oabmwl vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJMh uNy;D (1) w&m;NyKd i\ f
rdbaetdrfwGif aexkdifí trSwf (6) &yfuGuf? tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;½Hk;
tarG&SifruG,fvGefrD ompOfempOfjyKpkapmihfa&Smufol tarGcH wGifvnf; oufaocH (1) xdrf;jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvTmjzifh
om;csif;wpfa,mufu tarG&Siftm; jyKpkapmifha&SmufrI vufxyfxdrf;jrm;NyD;jzpfí w&m;0ifvifr,m;t&m ajrmufcJhNyD;
r&SdbJ aqGrsdK;0wå&m;udk wrifysufuGufpGefYypfxm;ol jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh w&m;vkdESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwkdY\ vufxyf
tarGcHom;csif;rsm;udk tarGrSz,fxkwfjcif; jyKEkdif rjyKEkdif/ aygif;oif;rIonf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& vifr,m;t&m
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf OD;bcufESihf aoG; ajrmufNy;D wnfNrcJ idk rf monf[k rSw,f &l rnfjzpfonf/
wpf0ufwl awmfpyfolrsm;jzpfMuí OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD;jzpfol xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / y#dnmOftufOya'yk'fr 2 (Z) t&
(u') ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u")
w&m;Oya't& ta&;,laqmif&u G Ef idk of nfh oabmwlncD suo f nf pmrsuEf mS aomypönf; odkYr[kwf ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk _ _ _ pmrsuEf mS
y#dnmOfjzpfonf/ uwdwkdif;onf tjyeftvSeftzkd;pm;em;jzpfrS vTaJ jymif;ay;jcif;omjzpfí txufyg pD&ifx;kH rsm;wGif xH;k zGUJ xm;onfh
oabmwlncD surf nf\/ y#dnmOftufOya'yk'rf 2 (C) wGif tzk;d arwåmjzifhay;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonfqkdjcif;
pm;em;qkdaom pum;&yfudk t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdxm;onf/ oabm rSm ay;urf;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k
wlnDcsufwpf&yfü omreftm;jzifh tzdk;pm;em;&SdrSom oabm qkdvkdjcif;r[kwfbJ wnfqJypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;om
wl n D c suf u d k tusd K ;ouf a &muf a tmif aqmif & G u f E k d i f o nf / jzpfaMumif; awGUjrifEdkifonf/ xkdYaMumifh ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf
tzd;k pm;em;r&Sad om oabmwlncD suu f dk twnfrjyKEidk af y/ Oya'yk'fr 122 wGif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qkdonfrSm tykdifay;aom
(2) (3) (4) w&m;NyKd iw
f u
Ydk w&m;vdEk iS hf (1) w&m;NyKd iw f t Ydk m;
ypönf;onf wnfqJypönf;jzpf&efvkdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfNyD;
r*FvmyGJjyKvkyfay;rnf[k uwdjyKajymqdkpOfu w&m;vdkESifh (2)
ay;urf;ol\ vuf&ydS pön;f jzpf&rnf[k qkv d jdk cif;r[kwaf y/ odjYk zpfí
w&m;NyKd iwf rYdk mS w&m;0iftMuifvifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;aeMuNy;D
t,lcw H &m;NyKd iaf &SUae\ tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf csKyqf adk y;urf;pOf
jzpfí tjyeftvSef tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdomjzpfonf/ tzkd;
wGif tay;pmcsKyyf g tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrrf mS ay;urf;ol a':MuifE\ k
pm;em;r&So d nfu h wdjzpfí oabmwlncD sut f jzpf ra&muf&EdS idk af y/
vuf&rdS [kwaf omaMumifh ay;urf;jcif;ysujf y,f aMumif; wifjycsuu f kd
tjyeftvSef tzk;d pm;em;&Sad om oabmwlncD suu f okd m twnfjyKEidk f
vufcEH idk rf nfr[kwaf cs/
onf/
txufyg ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg
armifa0vif;vQH yg 4 ESihf rxufxufatmif 196 jy|mef;csufrsm;wGif 0gusESpfckyg&SdNyD; ,if;0guswkdYudk ]] and}}
jzifq
h ufxm;Ny;D and \aemufwiG f accepted [k oH;k xm;onfjzpf&m
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 t& ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} wGif xkdBud,m\uwåm;onf yxr0gus\uwåm; ]]gift}} jzpfaMumif;
tykdifay;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&dS jzpf&ef vkd rvk/d ay:vGifojzifh ay;urf;jcif;udk vufcHonf[k qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf/
]]ay; urf ;jcif;}} wGif tykdifay;onfhypönf;udk tykdif&olu
]]ay;urf ay;urf;aomypönf;udk vufcHonf[k rqkdvdkay/ xkdYaMumifh yk'fr
vufa&muf&&Sd&ef vkd rvkd/ 122 udk t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&mwGif ay;urf;aomypönf;udk
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 vufa&mufay;tyfonfjh yóem tusKH ;r0ifaMumif; xif&mS ;onf/
jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} rSm wnfqJa&TUajymif;Ekdif ]]ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 wG i f
(u') ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u")
w&m;Oya't& ta&;,laqmif&u G Ef idk of nfh oabmwlncD suo f nf pmrsuEf mS aomypönf; odkYr[kwf ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk _ _ _ pmrsuEf mS
y#dnmOfjzpfonf/ uwdwkdif;onf tjyeftvSeftzkd;pm;em;jzpfrS vTaJ jymif;ay;jcif;omjzpfí txufyg pD&ifx;kH rsm;wGif xH;k zGUJ xm;onfh
oabmwlncD surf nf\/ y#dnmOftufOya'yk'rf 2 (C) wGif tzk;d arwåmjzifhay;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonfqkdjcif;
pm;em;qkdaom pum;&yfudk t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdxm;onf/ oabm rSm ay;urf;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k
wlnDcsufwpf&yfü omreftm;jzifh tzdk;pm;em;&SdrSom oabm qkdvkdjcif;r[kwfbJ wnfqJypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;om
wl n D c suf u d k tusd K ;ouf a &muf a tmif aqmif & G u f E k d i f o nf / jzpfaMumif; awGUjrifEdkifonf/ xkdYaMumifh ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf
tzd;k pm;em;r&Sad om oabmwlncD suu f dk twnfrjyKEidk af y/ Oya'yk'fr 122 wGif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qkdonfrSm tykdifay;aom
(2) (3) (4) w&m;NyKd iw
f u
Ydk w&m;vdEk iS hf (1) w&m;NyKd iw f t Ydk m;
ypönf;onf wnfqJypönf;jzpf&efvkdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfNyD;
r*FvmyGJjyKvkyfay;rnf[k uwdjyKajymqdkpOfu w&m;vdkESifh (2)
ay;urf;ol\ vuf&ydS pön;f jzpf&rnf[k qkv d jdk cif;r[kwaf y/ odjYk zpfí
w&m;NyKd iwf rYdk mS w&m;0iftMuifvifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;aeMuNy;D
t,lcw H &m;NyKd iaf &SUae\ tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf csKyqf adk y;urf;pOf
jzpfí tjyeftvSef tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdomjzpfonf/ tzkd;
wGif tay;pmcsKyyf g tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrrf mS ay;urf;ol a':MuifE\ k
pm;em;r&So d nfu h wdjzpfí oabmwlncD sut f jzpf ra&muf&EdS idk af y/
vuf&rdS [kwaf omaMumifh ay;urf;jcif;ysujf y,f aMumif; wifjycsuu f kd
tjyeftvSef tzk;d pm;em;&Sad om oabmwlncD suu f okd m twnfjyKEidk f
vufcEH idk rf nfr[kwaf cs/
onf/
txufyg ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg
armifa0vif;vQH yg 4 ESihf rxufxufatmif 196 jy|mef;csufrsm;wGif 0gusESpfckyg&SdNyD; ,if;0guswkdYudk ]] and}}
jzifq
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 t& ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} wGif xkdBud,m\uwåm;onf yxr0gus\uwåm; ]]gift}} jzpfaMumif;
tykdifay;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&dS jzpf&ef vkd rvk/d ay:vGifojzifh ay;urf;jcif;udk vufcHonf[k qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf/
]]ay; urf ;jcif;}} wGif tykdifay;onfhypönf;udk tykdif&olu
]]ay;urf ay;urf;aomypönf;udk vufcHonf[k rqkdvdkay/ xkdYaMumifh yk'fr
vufa&muf&&Sd&ef vkd rvkd/ 122 udk t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&mwGif ay;urf;aomypönf;udk
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 vufa&mufay;tyfonfjh yóem tusKH ;r0ifaMumif; xif&mS ;onf/
jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} rSm wnfqJa&TUajymif;Ekdif ]]ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 wG i f
(ue) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (ux)
]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qdo k nfrmS wnfqaJ &TUajymif;Ekid o f nfypön;f odrYk [kwf pmrsuEf mS vufxyfjcif; w&m;0ifap&eftwGuf tcrf;tem;rvdkaMumif;? pmrsuEf mS
ra&T U ajymif ; Ek d i f o nf h y pö n f ; ud k ay;urf ; ol [ k ac:wG i f o l u um,uH&iS Ef pS Of ;D \ oabmwlnrD q I EómvQif vkt d yfonfu
h pd jö zpf
tykdif&ol[k ac:wGifolodkY tzkd;pm;em;r&SdbJ tvkdtavsmuf aMumif;? xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;rjyKb;l aom jrefrmAk'b ¨ mom tysKd ?
vTaJ jymif;ay;&m tykid &f olujzpfap? ¤if;twGujf zpfap vufc, H jl cif; vlysdKrsm;tzkdY tdrfeD;csif;rsm;wufa&mufonfh tcrf;tem;wpf&yf
jzpfonf}} [k jy|mef;xm;&m ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} wGif wnfqJypönf;udk usi;f yum xdr;f jrm;vufxyfavh&adS Mumif;? odaYk omf w&m;Oya't&
ay;urf;jcif;? ay;urf;jcif;udk tykid &f olu jzpfap? ¤if;twGujf zpfap todtrSwfjyKxm;onfh tcrf;tem;[lí r&SdaMumif;? rat;r,f
vufcH,ljcif; ponfhtcsufrsm;ESifh jynfhpHkvQif ay;urf;jcif; yg 2 ESifh rMunfMunf yg 2 trI(4) wGif xHk;jyKxm;onf/ jrefrm
txajrmufonf/ ay;urf;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sd "avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& Ak'¨bmom0iftrsdK;om;ESifh trsdK;orD;wkdY
jzpf&rnf/ ay;urf;aomypönf;udk tykdif&,lolu vufa&muf&&Sd& vufxyfaygif;oif;&mwGif owfrSwfxm;aom tcrf;tem;[lí
rnf[k ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif; tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg jy|mef;csuu f r&SdaMumif;? vufxyfolwkdY\ oabmqE´t& ESpfzufrdbaqGrsdK;
rqkdvdkaMumif; ay:vGifonf/ rdwo f *F[rsm;tm; zdwMf um;auR;arG;um r*Fvmtcrf;tem;jyKvyk f
Mujcif;omjzpfonf/ r*Fvmtcrf;tem;rjyKvkyfonfhtwGuf
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 (ukd,fwkdifESihf ESifh a':cifoef;at; 137 tMuifvifr,m;tjzpf vufxyfaygif;oif;rI ysufjy,fjcif;r&Sdacs/
t,lcHw&m;vdktrSwf 2 \ rxufxufatmifEiS hf armifa0vif;vQw H oYdk nf aiGaqmifaus;&GmwGif
tcGi&fh uk,d pf m;vS,)f ESpOf ;D oabmwl vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJMh uNy;D (1) w&m;NyKd i\ f
rdbaetdrfwGif aexkdifí trSwf (6) &yfuGuf? tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;½Hk;
tarG&SifruG,fvGefrD ompOfempOfjyKpkapmihfa&Smufol tarGcH wGifvnf; oufaocH (1) xdrf;jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvTmjzifh
om;csif;wpfa,mufu tarG&Siftm; jyKpkapmifha&SmufrI vufxyfxdrf;jrm;NyD;jzpfí w&m;0ifvifr,m;t&m ajrmufcJhNyD;
r&SdbJ aqGrsdK;0wå&m;udk wrifysufuGufpGefYypfxm;ol jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh w&m;vkdESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwkdY\ vufxyf
tarGcHom;csif;rsm;udk tarGrSz,fxkwfjcif; jyKEkdif rjyKEkdif/ aygif;oif;rIonf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& vifr,m;t&m
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf OD;bcufESihf aoG; ajrmufNy;D wnfNrcJ idk rf monf[k rSw,f &l rnfjzpfonf/
wpf0ufwl awmfpyfolrsm;jzpfMuí OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD;jzpfol xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / y#dnmOftufOya'yk'fr 2 (Z) t&
(ub) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uy)
vufa&muf&&efvdkonf[k xHk;zGJUxm;onf/ xkdtrIrsm;ü &nfñTef; pmrsuEf mS tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh aoG;om;awmfpyfrIr&Sdaomfvnf; Oya't& pmrsuEf mS
aom tusdK;cHpm;cGifhtnDtrQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm aoG;wpf0uf armifESrwpf0rf;uGJawmfpyfolrsm;jzpfonf/ t,lcH
yl;wGyJ ikd &f iS rf sm;\ tusKd ;cHpm;ykid cf iG rfh sm; aygif;pnf;rI&MdS ujcif;udk qkv
d dk w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf a':jr&D\ zcif&if;bufrS nDtpfr
onf/ tnDtrQ vuf&jdS zpfrI (Unity of possession) [laom pum;&yf wpf0rf;uGaJ wmfpyfojl zpfonf/ t,lcw H &m;vkEd iS fh t,lcw H &m;NyKd if
rSm ESpOf ;D odrYk [kwf ESpOf ;D xufyakd omolrsm;onf ajrtaqmufttHk wko
Yd nf ESpzf ufv;kH tarG&iS f a':jr&DEiS hf wpf0rf;uGaJ rmifErS awmfpyf
wpf&yfwnf;udk rcGaJ 0&ao;aom tpkrsm;tavsmuf vuf&jdS zpfjcif; olrsm; jzpfMuonf[q k v
kd Qiyf if tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmifah &SmufrrI &Sd
aygif;pnf;rIudk qkdvkdonf/ tpktoD;oD; (tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;) omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf ysufuGufcJhojzihf t,lcH
aygif;pnf;xm;aom? zGJUpnf;xm;aom ajr? taqmufttHk ponf w&m;vdkrsm;onf uG,fvGefol a':jr&D\tarGudk &xkdufcGifh qHk;½HI;
wkdYwGif ykdifqkdifolrsm;\ taetxm;? tpkrsm;wlnDjcif; &SdEkdifonfh onfjzpfí tarG&Sifa':jr&Dtm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
enf;wl rwluGJjym;jcif;vnf; &SdEkdifonfjzpf&m tnDtrQqkdaom t,lcw H &m;NyKd if a':oef;onfom a':jr&D\ tarGukd cHpm;xku d o f l
a0g[m&onf wdusrrI &SEd idk af y/ jzpfonf/
w&m;vk d \ tqk d v T m ygtcsuf r sm;t& w&m;vd k jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& tarG&Siftm; jyKpk
a':od*ÐxGef;onf ¤if;\cifyGef; OD;atmifEkdifOD; ruG,fvGefrDu apmihaf &Smufol aqGrsKd ;rawmfonfh olwpdr;f wpfa,mufonfvnf;
trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;atmifodef;? ta': a':wifatmifwkdYESihf aumif;? omrefaqGrsdK;wpfa,mufonfvnf;aumif; rnfrQyif
twl (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; vkyfukdifaqmif&GufcJhonfh pdef jyKpk a pmif h a &S m uf a pumrl tarG c H o m;csif ; rsm;ud k tarG r S
a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS jzpfxGef;vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;tm; z,fxkwfjcif;rjyKEdkifaomfvnf; tarG&Siftm; jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
wpfO;D vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD cGaJ 0cHpm;&,l&ef oabmwlncD sut f wkid ;f tarGcH om;csif;wpfa,mufonf tarG&Siftm; ompOfempOf
tusdK;jzpfxGef;vmonfh (aemufqufwGJ-u) ESihf (aemufqufwGJ- jyKpkapmifha&Smufoifhonfh omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf
c) yg ypönf;rsm;udk ¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifaMumif;? ysuf u G u f o nf h tjcm;tarG c H o m;csif ; rsm;ud k z,f x k w f í
,if;ypönf;rsm;\ 3 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef tqkdjyKum oufomcGihf tarGqufcEH idk cf iG &fh o
dS nf/
awmif;qkxd m;jcif;onf w&m;vkad wmif;qko d nfh ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd I
OD;armifarmifndrf; yg 12 ESihf a':oef; yg 12 102
wGif jynfhpHk&efvkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;jzpfonfh yl;wGJykdif&Sifrsm;\
(uz) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uA)
&uf p uf r I j yKvQif uG m &S I i f ; cG i h f & onf h tcG i f h t a&;ud k vif u pmrsuEf mS jzpfolu &ufpufrIusL;vGefvQifvnf; vifü uGm&Sif;cGihf&SdaMumif; pmrsuEf mS
aomf v nf ; aumif ; ? r,m;uaomf v nf ; aumif ; xif&mS ;onf/
awmif ; qk d E d k i f j cif ; ? vif j zpf o l u &uf p uf r I u sL;vG e f
vQif r,m;ü uGm&Sif;cGihf&Sdonfhenf;wl r,m;jzpfol a':&nfvrhJ eG f ESifh OD;pdeo
f ef;a0 157
u &uf p uf r I u sL;vG e f v Qif v nf ; vif ü uG m &S i f ; cG i h f
&S d j cif ; / ypö n f ; cG J a 0ay;apvk d r I ü tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k w&m;vk d E S i h f
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / vifjzpfou l &ufpufí r,m;u uGmvko d nfh trI w&m;Nyd K if w k d Y o nf tusd K ;cH p m;rI od k Y r [k w f tcG i h f
rsdK;rSm or½kd;usjzpfonf/ w&m;½Hk;rsm;wGif tpOfawGUae&onf/
ta&;tnD t rQ&S d r I E S i f h t nD vuf & S d j zpf r I w k d Y v k d o nf
w&m;vTwfawmfESifh w&m;½Hk;csKyfwkdY\ pD&ifxHk;rsm;avhvmvQif
[k pD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xHk;zGJUxm;cJh&m tnDtrQ [laom
vif\&ufpufrIESifh ywfoufonfh trIrsm;udkomawGU&onf/
xkdYaMumifh r,m;u &ufpufrIusL;vGefvQif vifü uGm&Sif;cGihf &Sd a0g[m&onf wdusrIr&Sdjcif;? tusdK;cHpm;cGihf tnD
r&Sdqkdonfh jyóemudk qifjcif&mwGif pD&ifxHk;onf Oya'r[kwf? trQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJykdif&Sif
pD & if x H k ; t&yf & yf rwif j yEk d i f u mrQjzif h &S d & if ; pG J O ya't& rsm;\ tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f w k d Y aygif ; pnf ; rI & S d j cif ; ud k
aqmif & G u f r I u d k ryd w f y if E k d i f [ k oabm&&S d o nf / þok d Y qk d v d k N yD ; tnDtrQvuf&SdjzpfrI (Unity of possession)
pG J q k d c G i h f r &S d [ k w m;jrpf v Qif r,m;onf vif a ,musf m ;ud k qkdonfrSm ESpfOD; odkYr[kwf ESpfOD;xufyky kd o l r sm;onf
tvGet f rif;&ufpufrrI sm; jyKvyk af pumrl vifa,musmf ;u r,m;\ tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k rcG J a 0&ao;aomtpk r sm;
&ufpufrIudk taMumif;jyKí r,m;uGmvkdrIrpGJ&[k ydwfyif&m tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIudkqkdvkdjcif;/
a&mufonfhtjyif w&m;rQwrIvnf; &SdEdkifrnfr[kwfay/ ,cif
pD&ifxHk;? "r®owfrsm;wGif &ufpufrIwGif jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;t& qH k ; jzwf c suf / / a':MunfMunfZif (c) 0kdiftkdvufvif;ESifh
vif r ,m;uG m &S i f ; ay;ap&ef t wG u f awmif ; qk d E k d i f o nf h a':0dBudef (¤if;\taxGaxG udk,fpm;vS,fpm&ol OD;rsdK;cif) trI?
tdrfaxmifa&;jypfrIwpf&yfjzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/ tqkdyg armifbwlESifh roufpk trI? OD;befpGrf;ESifh a':oD yg 6 trIrsm;wGif
tcGihfta&;udk vifuaomfvnf;aumif;? r,m;uaomfvnf; ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrIü tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk w&m;vkdESihf w&m;NydKif
aumif ; &,l E k d i f a Mumif ; qH k ; jzwf x m;csuf t & vif j zpf o l u rsm; tusKd ;cHpm;rI odrYk [kwf tcGitfh a&;tnDtrQ&rdS I jzpf&efvo dk nf/
&ufpufrIusL;vGefvQif r,m;ü uGm&Sif;cGihf&Sdonfhenf;wl r,m; xkjYd yif tcsi;f jzpfypön;f wGif w&m;vdEk iS hf w&m;NyKd iw
f o
Ydk nf tnDtrQ
(uz) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uA)
&uf p uf r I j yKvQif uG m &S I i f ; cG i h f & onf h tcG i f h t a&;ud k vif u pmrsuEf mS jzpfolu &ufpufrIusL;vGefvQifvnf; vifü uGm&Sif;cGihf&SdaMumif; pmrsuEf mS
aomf v nf ; aumif ; ? r,m;uaomf v nf ; aumif ; xif&mS ;onf/
vQif r,m;ü uGm&Sif;cGihf&Sdonfhenf;wl r,m;jzpfol a':&nfvrhJ eG f ESifh OD;pdeo
f ef;a0 157
&S d j cif ; / ypö n f ; cG J a 0ay;apvk d r I ü tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k w&m;vk d E S i h f
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / vifjzpfou l &ufpufí r,m;u uGmvko d nfh trI w&m;Nyd K if w k d Y o nf tusd K ;cH p m;rI od k Y r [k w f tcG i h f
rsdK;rSm or½kd;usjzpfonf/ w&m;½Hk;rsm;wGif tpOfawGUae&onf/
ta&;tnD t rQ&S d r I E S i f h t nD vuf & S d j zpf r I w k d Y v k d o nf
w&m;vTwfawmfESifh w&m;½Hk;csKyfwkdY\ pD&ifxHk;rsm;avhvmvQif
[k pD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xHk;zGJUxm;cJh&m tnDtrQ [laom
vif\&ufpufrIESifh ywfoufonfh trIrsm;udkomawGU&onf/
xkdYaMumifh r,m;u &ufpufrIusL;vGefvQif vifü uGm&Sif;cGihf &Sd a0g[m&onf wdusrIr&Sdjcif;? tusdK;cHpm;cGihf tnD
r&Sdqkdonfh jyóemudk qifjcif&mwGif pD&ifxHk;onf Oya'r[kwf? trQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJykdif&Sif
pD & if x H k ; t&yf & yf rwif j yEk d i f u mrQjzif h &S d & if ; pG J O ya't& rsm;\ tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f w k d Y aygif ; pnf ; rI & S d j cif ; ud k
aqmif & G u f r I u d k ryd w f y if E k d i f [ k oabm&&S d o nf / þok d Y qk d v d k N yD ; tnDtrQvuf&SdjzpfrI (Unity of possession)
pG J q k d c G i h f r &S d [ k w m;jrpf v Qif r,m;onf vif a ,musf m ;ud k qkdonfrSm ESpfOD; odkYr[kwf ESpfOD;xufyky kd o l r sm;onf
tvGet f rif;&ufpufrrI sm; jyKvyk af pumrl vifa,musmf ;u r,m;\ tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k rcG J a 0&ao;aomtpk r sm;
&ufpufrIudk taMumif;jyKí r,m;uGmvkdrIrpGJ&[k ydwfyif&m tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIudkqkdvkdjcif;/
a&mufonfhtjyif w&m;rQwrIvnf; &SdEdkifrnfr[kwfay/ ,cif
pD&ifxHk;? "r®owfrsm;wGif &ufpufrIwGif jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;t& qH k ; jzwf c suf / / a':MunfMunfZif (c) 0kdiftkdvufvif;ESifh
vif r ,m;uG m &S i f ; ay;ap&ef t wG u f awmif ; qk d E k d i f o nf h a':0dBudef (¤if;\taxGaxG udk,fpm;vS,fpm&ol OD;rsdK;cif) trI?
tdrfaxmifa&;jypfrIwpf&yfjzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/ tqkdyg armifbwlESifh roufpk trI? OD;befpGrf;ESifh a':oD yg 6 trIrsm;wGif
tcGihfta&;udk vifuaomfvnf;aumif;? r,m;uaomfvnf; ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrIü tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk w&m;vkdESihf w&m;NydKif
aumif ; &,l E k d i f a Mumif ; qH k ; jzwf x m;csuf t & vif j zpf o l u rsm; tusKd ;cHpm;rI odrYk [kwf tcGitfh a&;tnDtrQ&rdS I jzpf&efvo dk nf/
&ufpufrIusL;vGefvQif r,m;ü uGm&Sif;cGihf&Sdonfhenf;wl r,m; xkjYd yif tcsi;f jzpfypön;f wGif w&m;vdEk iS hf w&m;NyKd iw
f o
Ydk nf tnDtrQ
(ub) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (uy)
vufa&muf&&efvdkonf[k xHk;zGJUxm;onf/ xkdtrIrsm;ü &nfñTef; pmrsuEf mS tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh aoG;om;awmfpyfrIr&Sdaomfvnf; Oya't& pmrsuEf mS
aom tusdK;cHpm;cGifhtnDtrQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm aoG;wpf0uf armifESrwpf0rf;uGJawmfpyfolrsm;jzpfonf/ t,lcH
yl;wGyJ ikd &f iS rf sm;\ tusKd ;cHpm;ykid cf iG rfh sm; aygif;pnf;rI&MdS ujcif;udk qkv
d dk w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf a':jr&D\ zcif&if;bufrS nDtpfr
onf/ tnDtrQ vuf&jdS zpfrI (Unity of possession) [laom pum;&yf wpf0rf;uGaJ wmfpyfojl zpfonf/ t,lcw H &m;vkEd iS fh t,lcw H &m;NyKd if
rSm ESpOf ;D odrYk [kwf ESpOf ;D xufyakd omolrsm;onf ajrtaqmufttHk wko
wpf&yfwnf;udk rcGaJ 0&ao;aom tpkrsm;tavsmuf vuf&jdS zpfjcif; olrsm; jzpfMuonf[q k v
kd Qiyf if tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmifah &SmufrrI &Sd
aygif;pnf;rIudk qkdvkdonf/ tpktoD;oD; (tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;) omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf ysufuGufcJhojzihf t,lcH
aygif;pnf;xm;aom? zGJUpnf;xm;aom ajr? taqmufttHk ponf w&m;vdkrsm;onf uG,fvGefol a':jr&D\tarGudk &xkdufcGifh qHk;½HI;
wkdYwGif ykdifqkdifolrsm;\ taetxm;? tpkrsm;wlnDjcif; &SdEkdifonfh onfjzpfí tarG&Sifa':jr&Dtm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
enf;wl rwluGJjym;jcif;vnf; &SdEkdifonfjzpf&m tnDtrQqkdaom t,lcw H &m;NyKd if a':oef;onfom a':jr&D\ tarGukd cHpm;xku d o f l
a0g[m&onf wdusrrI &SEd idk af y/ jzpfonf/
w&m;vk d \ tqk d v T m ygtcsuf r sm;t& w&m;vd k jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& tarG&Siftm; jyKpk
a':od*ÐxGef;onf ¤if;\cifyGef; OD;atmifEkdifOD; ruG,fvGefrDu apmihaf &Smufol aqGrsKd ;rawmfonfh olwpdr;f wpfa,mufonfvnf;
trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;atmifodef;? ta': a':wifatmifwkdYESihf aumif;? omrefaqGrsdK;wpfa,mufonfvnf;aumif; rnfrQyif
twl (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; vkyfukdifaqmif&GufcJhonfh pdef jyKpk a pmif h a &S m uf a pumrl tarG c H o m;csif ; rsm;ud k tarG r S
a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS jzpfxGef;vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;tm; z,fxkwfjcif;rjyKEdkifaomfvnf; tarG&Siftm; jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
wpfO;D vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD cGaJ 0cHpm;&,l&ef oabmwlncD sut f wkid ;f tarGcH om;csif;wpfa,mufonf tarG&Siftm; ompOfempOf
tusdK;jzpfxGef;vmonfh (aemufqufwGJ-u) ESihf (aemufqufwGJ- jyKpkapmifha&Smufoifhonfh omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf
c) yg ypönf;rsm;udk ¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifaMumif;? ysuf u G u f o nf h tjcm;tarG c H o m;csif ; rsm;ud k z,f x k w f í
,if;ypönf;rsm;\ 3 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef tqkdjyKum oufomcGihf tarGqufcEH idk cf iG &fh o
dS nf/
awmif;qkxd m;jcif;onf w&m;vkad wmif;qko d nfh ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd I
OD;armifarmifndrf; yg 12 ESihf a':oef; yg 12 102
wGif jynfhpHk&efvkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;jzpfonfh yl;wGJykdif&Sifrsm;\
(uv) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (ur)
]] Where property is transferred to one person for a pmrsuEf mS tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm; aygif;pnf;rIESihf rcGJa0&ao;aom tpkrsm; pmrsuEf mS
consideration paid or provided by another person, and it tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIwkdY azmfjyyg&SdaMumif; pdppf
appears that such other person did not intend to pay or awGU&S&d ojzifh w&m;vk\ d tqkv d mT wGif tqkjd yKxm;onfh tcsurf sm;
provide such consideration for the benefit of the onf w&m;vkpd q JG o
dk nfh ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd tI wGuf nDñw
G jf ynfph kH
transferee, the transferee must hold the property for the &ef vkdtyfonfht*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI&SdaMumif;awGU&Sd&onf/
benefit of the person paying or providing the consid- xdkYaMumifh w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh trIyHkpHrSm rSm;,Gif;rIr&Sday/
eration.}}
(ypönf;udk tjcm;olwpfOD;uay;acsaom okdYr[kwf OD;atmifodef; yg 4 ESihf a':od*x

Ð eG ;f 259
pk d u f x k w f a y;aom tzd k ; pm;em;twG u f wpf O D ;
wpfa,mufaomoltm; vTJajymif;onfhudpöü ,if; bDemrD (c) trnfiSm;jzifh 0,f,ljcif;\t"dyÜm,f? The Trusts Act
tjcm;olonf tzd;k pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d \
l tusKd ;iSm yk'fr 82 jy|mef;csuft& t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&jcif;?
ay;acs&ef odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonf trnfct H rnfimS ;pepfjzifh 0,f,&l mwGif aiGay;acsoo
l nf
r[kwf[k ,lq&vQif vTJajymif;&&Sdolonf ypönf;udk rdrd\trnfudk ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyfwGif azmfjy&ef
tzdk;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ taMumif;r&Sdjcif;/
tusKd ;iSm vuf&x dS m;&rnf/) qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / þtrIwGif rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk a':Munfcifu
,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya'yk'fr 82 yg ,if;tjcm;ol tcsi;f jzpftrd af jrudk 0,f,o
l rl mS ¤if;ESihf orD; rdcifrmvGiw f jYdk zpfNy;D
onf tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So d \
l tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf w&m;NydKif OD;rif;aiG0if;rSm ¤if;\aiGwpfjym;wpfcsyfrQryg0ifbJ
pdkufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonfr[kwfvQifqkdonfh jy|mef;csufESifh ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyfrsm;wGif ¤if;trnfxnhfoGif;xm;ojzifh
nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;acso?l aiGpu dk f OD;rif;aiG0if;onf trnfimS ;rQomjzpfaMumif;ESihf tdraf jrrSm ¤if;wpfO;D
xkwfay;ol\tusdK;iSm tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vuf0,fxm;&rnf wnf;ykid jf zpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkrd pI q JG jdk cif;jzpfonf/
jzpfonf/ wpfenf;qkdygu vTJajymif;aomypönf;udk aiGay;acsol? ypönf;wpfckudk0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh
(u,) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u&)
0,f,ljcif;qkdif&mOya'ESifhpyfvsOf;í The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg pmrsuEf mS &&So

d jl zpfonf[k rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumifh OD;rif;aiG0if;onf w&m;vkd pmrsuEf mS
jy|mef ; csuf r sm;ES i f h o uf q k d i f a Mumif ; KATHLEEN MAUD a':Munfcif\ trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfonfrqkdEdkif/
KERWICK ES i f h FREDERICK JAMES RUPERT KERWICK
trI(4) wGif ñTejf ycJoh nf/ a':Munfcif ESihf OD;rif;aiG0if; yg 2 1
The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif bDemrD (c) trnfct H rnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'oonf The Trusts
aiGpdkufxkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\ tusdK;iSm aiGay;acsjcif; Act yk ' f r 82 yg jy|mef ; csuf r sm; ES i h f ouf q k d i f j cif ; ?
r[kwfvQif ypönf;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdolonf aiGay;ol\ trnfiSm; aiG&Sifonf ykdif&Sifjzpfonf[k w&m;aoaumuf,l&ef
taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k qkdvkdonf/ roih f j cif ; ? rd b u om;orD ; tm;vH k ; twG u f &nf p l ;
odkYjzpfí ypönf;wpfckukd0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh 0,f,ljcif;udk jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmt& vufcH&ef
0,f,jl cif;rSm vTaJ jymif;aomypön;f udk aiGay;acsoo l nf rdrt d rnfjzifh roihf[k rqkdEdkifjcif;/ oufaocHOya'yk'fr 115 t&
vTJajymif;&,ljcif;r[kwfbJ rdrdtusdK;iSm tjcm;olwpfOD;OD;\ ydwfyifrIajrmuf&ef vkdtyf onfht*Fg&yf (2) csuf/
trnfimS ;tjzpf vTaJ jymif;&,ljcif;jzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifq h v
dk Qif
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyEf iS fh atmuf½;kH rsm;
vTJajymif; &&Sdolonf aiGay;acsol\tusdK;iSm aiGay;acsol\
u qH;k jzwfcohJ nfh bDemrD (c) trnfcH trnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'
trnfiSm;taejzifh vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumihf trnfcH?
ESihfpyfvsOf;í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ESifh
trnfimS ;pepfjzifh 0,f,&l mwGif aiGay;acsoo l nf rdr\ d trnfukd
FREDERICK JAMES RUPERT KERWICK trI (8) wGif
ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyw f iG af zmfjy&ef taMumif;r&Sad y/
]]The Trusts Act}} yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifh oufqkdifaMumif;
,cktrIwGif tcsif;jzpfajrESifhtdrfudk ta&mif;t0,f
ñTefjycJhaomfvnf; aemufpD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xkdOya'udk &nfñTef;
jyKvkyfcsKyfqkdaom oufaocHtrSwf (u) ESifh (c) pmcsKyfrsm;wGif
qHk;jzwfjcif;rjyKojzihf ,cktcg qkdif&mOya'udkyif owdrjyKrd
aiGay;acsol[k tqkdjyKonfh w&m;vkd a':MunfcifESihforD;
Muawmhacs/
rdcifrmvGifwkdYudk,fwkdif 0,folrsm;tjzpf yg0ifaeaomaMumifh
w&m;NydKif OD;rif;aiG0if;onf aiGay;acsol w&m;vkd\tusdK;iSm ,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya']]The Trusts Act}} yk'fr 82
w&m;vdk\trnfiSm;taejzihf tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vTJajymif; ü atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;onf-
(u,) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u&)
0,f,ljcif;qkdif&mOya'ESifhpyfvsOf;í The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg pmrsuEf mS &&So

d jl zpfonf[k rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumifh OD;rif;aiG0if;onf w&m;vkd pmrsuEf mS
jy|mef ; csuf r sm;ES i f h o uf q k d i f a Mumif ; KATHLEEN MAUD a':Munfcif\ trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfonfrqkdEdkif/
trI(4) wGif ñTejf ycJoh nf/ a':Munfcif ESihf OD;rif;aiG0if; yg 2 1
The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif bDemrD (c) trnfct H rnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'oonf The Trusts
aiGpdkufxkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\ tusdK;iSm aiGay;acsjcif; Act yk ' f r 82 yg jy|mef ; csuf r sm; ES i h f ouf q k d i f j cif ; ?
r[kwfvQif ypönf;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdolonf aiGay;ol\ trnfiSm; aiG&Sifonf ykdif&Sifjzpfonf[k w&m;aoaumuf,l&ef
taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k qkdvkdonf/ roih f j cif ; ? rd b u om;orD ; tm;vH k ; twG u f &nf p l ;
odkYjzpfí ypönf;wpfckukd0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh 0,f,ljcif;udk jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmt& vufcH&ef
0,f,jl cif;rSm vTaJ jymif;aomypön;f udk aiGay;acsoo l nf rdrt d rnfjzifh roihf[k rqkdEdkifjcif;/ oufaocHOya'yk'fr 115 t&
vTJajymif;&,ljcif;r[kwfbJ rdrdtusdK;iSm tjcm;olwpfOD;OD;\ ydwfyifrIajrmuf&ef vkdtyf onfht*Fg&yf (2) csuf/
trnfimS ;tjzpf vTaJ jymif;&,ljcif;jzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifq h v
dk Qif
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyEf iS fh atmuf½;kH rsm;
vTJajymif; &&Sdolonf aiGay;acsol\tusdK;iSm aiGay;acsol\
u qH;k jzwfcohJ nfh bDemrD (c) trnfcH trnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'
trnfiSm;taejzifh vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumihf trnfcH?
ESihfpyfvsOf;í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ESifh
trnfimS ;pepfjzifh 0,f,&l mwGif aiGay;acsoo l nf rdr\ d trnfukd
ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyw f iG af zmfjy&ef taMumif;r&Sad y/
]]The Trusts Act}} yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifh oufqkdifaMumif;
,cktrIwGif tcsif;jzpfajrESifhtdrfudk ta&mif;t0,f
ñTefjycJhaomfvnf; aemufpD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xkdOya'udk &nfñTef;
jyKvkyfcsKyfqkdaom oufaocHtrSwf (u) ESifh (c) pmcsKyfrsm;wGif
qHk;jzwfjcif;rjyKojzihf ,cktcg qkdif&mOya'udkyif owdrjyKrd
aiGay;acsol[k tqkdjyKonfh w&m;vkd a':MunfcifESihforD;
Muawmhacs/
rdcifrmvGifwkdYudk,fwkdif 0,folrsm;tjzpf yg0ifaeaomaMumifh
w&m;NydKif OD;rif;aiG0if;onf aiGay;acsol w&m;vkd\tusdK;iSm ,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya']]The Trusts Act}} yk'fr 82
w&m;vdk\trnfiSm;taejzihf tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vTJajymif; ü atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;onf-
(uv) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (ur)
]] Where property is transferred to one person for a pmrsuEf mS tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm; aygif;pnf;rIESihf rcGJa0&ao;aom tpkrsm; pmrsuEf mS
consideration paid or provided by another person, and it tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIwkdY azmfjyyg&SdaMumif; pdppf
appears that such other person did not intend to pay or awGU&S&d ojzifh w&m;vk\ d tqkv d mT wGif tqkjd yKxm;onfh tcsurf sm;
provide such consideration for the benefit of the onf w&m;vkpd q JG o
dk nfh ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd tI wGuf nDñw
G jf ynfph kH
transferee, the transferee must hold the property for the &ef vkdtyfonfht*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI&SdaMumif;awGU&Sd&onf/
benefit of the person paying or providing the consid- xdkYaMumifh w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh trIyHkpHrSm rSm;,Gif;rIr&Sday/
eration.}}
(ypönf;udk tjcm;olwpfOD;uay;acsaom okdYr[kwf OD;atmifodef; yg 4 ESihf a':od*x

Ð eG ;f 259
pk d u f x k w f a y;aom tzd k ; pm;em;twG u f wpf O D ;
wpfa,mufaomoltm; vTJajymif;onfhudpöü ,if; bDemrD (c) trnfiSm;jzifh 0,f,ljcif;\t"dyÜm,f? The Trusts Act
tjcm;olonf tzd;k pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d \
l tusKd ;iSm yk'fr 82 jy|mef;csuft& t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&jcif;?
ay;acs&ef odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonf trnfct H rnfimS ;pepfjzifh 0,f,&l mwGif aiGay;acsoo
l nf
r[kwf[k ,lq&vQif vTJajymif;&&Sdolonf ypönf;udk rdrd\trnfudk ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyfwGif azmfjy&ef
tzdk;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ taMumif;r&Sdjcif;/
tusKd ;iSm vuf&x dS m;&rnf/) qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / þtrIwGif rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk a':Munfcifu
,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya'yk'fr 82 yg ,if;tjcm;ol tcsi;f jzpftrd af jrudk 0,f,o
l rl mS ¤if;ESihf orD; rdcifrmvGiw f jYdk zpfNy;D
onf tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So d \
l tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf w&m;NydKif OD;rif;aiG0if;rSm ¤if;\aiGwpfjym;wpfcsyfrQryg0ifbJ
pdkufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonfr[kwfvQifqkdonfh jy|mef;csufESifh ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyfrsm;wGif ¤if;trnfxnhfoGif;xm;ojzifh
nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;acso?l aiGpu dk f OD;rif;aiG0if;onf trnfimS ;rQomjzpfaMumif;ESihf tdraf jrrSm ¤if;wpfO;D
xkwfay;ol\tusdK;iSm tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vuf0,fxm;&rnf wnf;ykid jf zpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkrd pI q JG jdk cif;jzpfonf/
jzpfonf/ wpfenf;qkdygu vTJajymif;aomypönf;udk aiGay;acsol? ypönf;wpfckudk0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh
(uV) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u0)
armif x G e f ; azES i f h bD a u[m(vf ) 'gtrI(12) yg oHk;oyfcsufrsm; pmrsuEf mS aiGpu

dk x
f w
k af y;olu vTaJ jymif;&&So
d t
l m; ,Hrk w f yfE&HS ma&mufrnf pmrsuEf mS
S t
onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya'ESifh "r®owfusrf;rsm;tay: jzpfonf/
tajcrcHbJ t*FvefEkdifiHOya'udk udk;um;qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfí ,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya'yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csufu
jref r m"avh x H k ; wrf ; pOf v mES i h f nD ñ G w f j cif ; &S d r&S d oH o , qkdvkdonfrSm aiGpkdufxkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\ tusdK;iSm
jzpfzG,f&m&Sdayonf/ aiGay;acsjcif;r[kwv f Qif ypön;f udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;ol\
xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 wGif trnfiSm;taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k
ydwyf ifjcif; (Estoppel) qkid &f mOya'udk jy|mef;xm;onf/ oufaocH qkv
d jdk cif;jzpfonf/
Oya'yk'rf 115 t& ydwyf ifraI jrmuf&ef atmufygtcsuf (2) &yfEiS hf xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / aiG&iS o f nf ykid &f iS jf zpfonf[k w&m;ao
nDñw
G &f efvo
dk nf- aumuf,yl gvQif ,Hrk w S t
f yfEjHS cif;tuf Oya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuf
ESifh qefu
Y sirf nfjzpfonf/ aiG&iS u f pmcsKyüf vTaJ jymif;&&So d [ l k azmfjy
(u) vlwpfO;D u taMumif;jcif;&mwpfcck Ek iS pfh yfvsO;f í
xm;oltm; tykdif0,fay;vkdaom &nf&G,fcsuf &Sd r&Sdonf t"du
tjcm;olwpfO;D tm; rSeu
f efonf[k ,HMk unfap&ef
tcsujf zpfonf/ xk&d nf&, G cf surf &Syd gu aiG&iS o f nf ykid &f iS jf zpfrnf
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh tjyKtrl? tajymtqkdwpfckck
jzpfonf/
jyKjcif;?
a':tpl&mbD (c) a':cspfwD;,m; ESifh a':zmwl; (c)
(c) xku
d o
hJ Ykd jyKral jymqkcd suu
f kd tjcm;vlu,HMk unfNy;D
a':jrjr0if;trI(10) wGif bDemrD (c) trnfimS ;jzifh ta&mif;t0,f
,HMk unfcsut
f wkid ;f jyKvyk af qmif&u
G Nf y;D jzpfjcif;/ jyKvyk af omudprö sm;ü atmufygtcsurf sm;tay: rlwnfí pOf;pm;
tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh taqmufttHkudk 30-8-1974 oihaf Mumif; oH;k oyfq;kH jzwfxm;onf-
&ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyft& orD;jzpfol
]] (1) trnf i S m ;pepf j zih f ta&mif ; t0,f j yKvk y f & ef
a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if armifESr (4) OD; trnfrsm;jzifh 0,f,lNyD;
taMumif; &Sd r&Sd?
aemuf ¤if;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&eftrnfajymif;apcJhjcif;u OD;cspfarmif
(2) emrnfimS ;rsm;ESihf wu,fwrf;0,f,o
l w
l Ydk qufpyf
onf a':cifjrih&f w
D t
Ydk m; trnfajymif;onfah jrukd ¤if;wkyYd idk af Mumif;
(uo) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u[)
aeyHkt& wu,fwrf;0,f,lolu xkdemrnfiSm; pmrsuEf mS vTJajymif;cGihfvnf;&Sdonf/ a':od e f ; arES i f h rk d [ mruf t D q G w f pmrsuEf mS

rsm;udk a&G;cs,f&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd? yg 2 trI (3) ud k &nf ñ T e f ; onf / *&ef p mcsKyf w G i f r ygaom
(3) ypön;f ykid qf idk rf EI iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm; tjcm;olwpfOD;\ tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&ef
rnfox Yl w H iG &f o dS enf;? xkwfay;jcif;[lír&SdaMumif; txufygjy|mef;csufrsm;udk oHk;oyf
Munfhygu ay:vGifonf/ trnfcH trnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef
(4) ypön;f onf rnfov
Yl uf0,fwiG &f o
dS enf;?
&nf&G,faMumif; atmufjrefrmjynf NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'
(5) rnfox
Yl rH S tzk;d aiGukd &&So
d enf;/}} yk'fr 16 (u) ü t&dyft>rufyif rawGU&ojzifh txufyg
tvm;wl a':at;wif yg 2 ESifh OD;ac;0Suf (c) jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f taMumif;jyqH;k jzwfcsuw f o Ydk nf
OD;pdefwif trI(11) wGifvnf; txufyg pD&ifxHk;udk vdkufemvsuf yk'fr 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf rnDñGwfacs/ jynfaxmifpk
qH;k jzwfco
hJ nf/ w&m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf u w&m;rt,l c H r I w G i f uk d ; um;aom
,Hrk wS tf yfEjHS cif;qkid &f mOya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuEf iS hf pD&ifx;kH wGif *&ef odrYk [kwf ajriSm;pmcsKyu
f kd trnfct H rnfimS ;tm;
nDñGwf&eftwGuf bDemrD (c) trnfiSm;jzifh ta&mif;t0,f xkwfay;EdkifaMumif; jyqkdxm;jcif;r&SdouJhokdY tjcm;rnfonfh
jyKvyk af omudprö sm;ü txufazmfjyyg pOf;pm;&rnfh tcsuf (5) csuf xHk;om"urQvnf; r&Sday/
tjyif atmufygtcsuu f ykd g xnfo h iG ;f pOf;pm;&rnfjzpfonf- xyfrq H ;kH jzwfcsu/f / ,ck t rI w G i f rd b rsm;jzpf M uonf h
]] (6) aiGay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol[k azmfjyxm;ol\ OD;cspfarmifwkdYu om;orD; (4) OD;pvHk;? om;orD;tm;vHk;\
tusdK;iSm aiGay;acs&ef &nf&G,fcJhjcif; &Sd r&Sd/}} tusd K;twG uf 0,f ,l jcif ;onf trnf iS m ;jzif h0 ,f , lo nf [ k
rqkdEkdifonfhtjyif tjcm;tarGqdkifrsm;vnf; rusef&Sdojzifh
xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / atmufjrefrmjynf NrdKUESifhaus;&Gmajrrsm;
rnfolYudkrQ epfem&ef taMumif;r&SdaomaMumihf rdbu om;orD;
tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csufrsm;t& *&efay;jcif;?
tm;vH;k twGuf &nfp;l 0,f,jl cif;udk jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;pOfvmt&
ajriSm;pmcsKyf csKyfqdkay;jcif;[lonf qkdif&majr (*&efay;aomajr?
vufc&H efroif[ h k qkEd idk rf nfr[kwaf y/
iSm;&rf;aomajr) wGif *&ef&ol odrYk [kwf ajriSm;tm; tusKd ;cHpm;cGifh
&&Sdaponf/ okdYjzpfí xkdajrudk tarGqufcHcGihf&Sdonf/ *&ef&olu a ' : r i f ; r i f ; O D ; t r I (6) wG i f azmf j yonf h
(uo) ñGef;csuf ñGef;csuf (u[)
aeyHkt& wu,fwrf;0,f,lolu xkdemrnfiSm; pmrsuEf mS vTJajymif;cGihfvnf;&Sdonf/ a':od e f ; arES i f h rk d [ mruf t D q G w f pmrsuEf mS

rsm;udk a&G;cs,f&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd? yg 2 trI (3) ud k &nf ñ T e f ; onf / *&ef p mcsKyf w G i f r ygaom
(3) ypön;f ykid qf idk rf EI iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm; tjcm;olwpfOD;\ tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&ef
rnfox Yl w H iG &f o dS enf;? xkwfay;jcif;[lír&SdaMumif; txufygjy|mef;csufrsm;udk oHk;oyf
Munfhygu ay:vGifonf/ trnfcH trnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef
(4) ypön;f onf rnfov
Yl uf0,fwiG &f o
dS enf;?
&nf&G,faMumif; atmufjrefrmjynf NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'
(5) rnfox
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aiGay;acso\l trnfimS ;taejzifh vuf&x dS m;jcif;jzpfonf/ xdaYk Mumihf
w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;u rGejf ynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmfoYkd 2013 ckEpS ?f
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jzpfonf/ rdcifrmvGifwkdYudk,fwkdif 0,folrsm;tjzpf yg0ifaeaomaMumifh
ypönf;wpfckudk0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh w&m;NydKif OD;rif;aiG0if;onf aiGay;acsol w&m;vkd\tusdK;iSm
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jy|mef ; csuf r sm;ES i f h o uf q k d i f a Mumif ; KATHLEEN MAUD jzpfonf[k rqkdEkdifacs/ xkdYaMumifh OD;rif;aiG0if;onf w&m;vkd
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w&m;vdktrnfyg&ef taMumif;r&SdaMumif;? OD;rif;aiG0if;uom usefaiG usyfodef; 50 wkdY ay;acs&mwGifvnf; OD;rif;aiG0if;\ aiG
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8 5
2015 a&SUae OD;nDnDukd,fwkdif xGufqdkxm;aMumif;? tcsif;jzpf tdrfajr c&m;tjyifaus;&GmwGifaexkdifaom rGefvlrsdK;jzpfí jrefrmpum;udk 2015
0,f,o l nfth csed rf pS wifí tdraf jrESiwhf uG ykid qf idk rf pI m&Gupf mwrf;rsm; &nfvnfpmG rajymqdw k wfaMumif;? tcsi;f jzpftrd af jr0,fonhf udpw ö iG f
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&ef pDpOfonfhtcgrSom OD;rif;aiG0if;u a&mif;vkdY&vQifa&mif; ,HkMunfudk;pm;NyD; ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyfwGif t,lcHw&m;NydKif
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12 9
2015 ta&mif;t0,fwnfh&efay;cJhaMumif;? rMumrD aiGusyf 181 odef; cJhaMumif;? w&m;vdkESifh orD; rdcifrmvGifwkdY\ aiGrsm;jzifh0,f 2015
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OD;[efwiftm;ay;cJah Mumif;? p&efay;pmcsKyf csKyo f nfah eYwiG f w&m;vkd w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;u tdraf jrudk w&m;vdEk iS hf ¤if;wkYd
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10 11
2015 30-11-2006 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (c) tdrfajr tqdkyg pmcsKyfESpfapmifvHk;wGif todoufao OD;jrifhpdk; 2015
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181 ode;f udk rdru d ay;acsaMumif;? p&efay;pmcsKyw f iG f OD;rif;aiG0if; rygbJ ¤if;trnfyg&SdaMumif;? rlvykdif&Sifrsm;odkY jyefvnfpGefYvTwf
trnfudk rxnfh&efajym&m OD;rif;aiG0if;u ¤if;rvdrfaMumif;? ay;onf h p mcsKyf & S d a Mumif ; ? wpf p H k w pf & mjyóemrjzpf a Mumif ;
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10 11
2015 30-11-2006 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (c) tdrfajr tqdkyg pmcsKyfESpfapmifvHk;wGif todoufao OD;jrifhpdk; 2015
ta&mif;t0,frSwfyHkwifpmcsKyftrSwf 280^2006 wGif 0,f,lol (c) OD;nDnD (vkjd y-4) yg0ifonf/ ¤if;onf txufwef;a&SUaewpfO;D
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OD;rif;aiG0if; yg 2
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181 ode;f udk rdru d ay;acsaMumif;? p&efay;pmcsKyw f iG f OD;rif;aiG0if; rygbJ ¤if;trnfyg&SdaMumif;? rlvykdif&Sifrsm;odkY jyefvnfpGefYvTwf
trnfudk rxnfh&efajym&m OD;rif;aiG0if;u ¤if;rvdrfaMumif;? ay;onf h p mcsKyf & S d a Mumif ; ? wpf p H k w pf & mjyóemrjzpf a Mumif ;
bmjyóemrSrjzpfaMumif;? aemifvaJT jymif;onft h cg vG,u f al p&ef ajymaomaMumifh oufaocH (c) pmcsKyw f iG f w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;
[k ajymojzifh OD;rif;aiG0if;trnfukd xnfah y;cJjh cif;jzpfaMumif;? 30- trnfudk 0,folae&mü xnfhoGif;csKyfqkday;cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;?
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2015 ta&mif;t0,fwnfh&efay;cJhaMumif;? rMumrD aiGusyf 181 odef; cJhaMumif;? w&m;vdkESifh orD; rdcifrmvGifwkdY\ aiGrsm;jzifh0,f 2015
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rlv½H;k w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;u p&efaiGay;&ef aiGryg ojzifh w&m;vdEk iS fh w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;wko
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OD;[efwifxHa&mif;&m usyf 43 odef;&í xkdaiGudk p&efaiGtjzpf jiif;qkdojzifh trIpGJqkd&aMumif; azmfjypGJqdkonf/
OD;[efwiftm;ay;cJah Mumif;? p&efay;pmcsKyf csKyo f nfah eYwiG f w&m;vkd w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;u tdraf jrudk w&m;vdEk iS hf ¤if;wkYd
u aiG 9050000 usyf ,lvmNyD; rdrdu usyf 4750000 ,lvmí ESpOf ;D tdraf jrwefz;dk aiG xuf0ufpx D nf0h ifí 0,f,cl jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;?
pkpak ygif; usyf 138 ode;f udk OD;[efwiftm;ay;aMumif;? ,cif p&efaiG 2010 jynfEh pS ?f Zefe0g&DvwGif w&m;vku d ¤if;\ 'kw, d cifyeG ;f tm;
usyf 43 odef;udkaygif;í usyf 181 odef;jzifh pmcsKyfcsKyfqkdaMumif;? jyovdkí pmcsKyfacwå,loGm;NyD; þtrIudk pGJqdkjcif;jzpfaMumif;?
pmcsKyfudk OD;jrifhpkd;u a&;om;ay;aMumif; xGufqkdonf/ w&m;vkEd iS hf ¤if;wkt Yd wl0,f,cl í hJ 2007 ckEpS rf S 2008 ckESpftxd
w&m;NydKifjyoufaorsm;rSm ¤if;\aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm; OD;atmifaX;wkt Yd m; iSm;&rf;aom tdrv f crsm;udk w&m;vdEk iS fh wpf0ufpD
jzpfMuNy;D tcsi;f jzpftrd af jr0,f,jl cif;ESihf ywfoufí aumif;pGmod&dS &,lcJhaMumif;? 2009 rS 2010 xd ¤if;\om; vifr,m;ukd aecGihf
xGuq f Edk idk jf cif;r&Sad Mumif; awGU&onf/ ay;cJah Mumif;? w&m;vkEd iS hf zcifwYdk vmajymcsed u f yif ¤if;xnf0h ifaiG
rsm;udk jyefay;vQif w&m;NydKif rdcifrmvGiftrnfodkY vTJay;rnf[k
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ajymcJhaMumif;jzifh acsyonf/
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tm; tultnDawmif;&m OD;rif;aiG0if;u ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyf 23-10-2006 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) tdrfajr
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w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;\trnfukd 0,foal e&mwGif azmfjy&efajym OD;rif;aiG0if;ESihf rdcifrmvGifwkdY (3) OD;u vufrSwfa&;xkd;csKyfqkd
ojzihf w&m;vku d ,HMk unfu;kd pm;pGm ¤if;\trnfukd xnhof iG ;f csKyq
f dk xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/
16 13
2015 odkYjzpfí Mum;emcJhaom jyóemudk atmufygtwkdif; cJ h a Mumif ; ? OD ; rif ; aiG 0 if ; onf td r f a jr0,f , l & mwG i f 2015
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OD;rif;aiG0if; yg 2
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f iG f OD;rif;aiG0if;\trnfukd rxnf&h efajym&m OD;rif;aiG0if;u
aumuf , l & ef ouf a ocH c suf r sm;&S d o nf q k d u m ¤if;rvdrfaMumif;? jyóemrjzpfaMumif;? aemifvTJajymif;onfhtcg
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ajrudk 0,f,lpOfu trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfaMumif; w&m;vdu k trnfc?H trnfimS ;tjzpf pmcsKyw f iG f csKyqf adk pcJjh cif;jzpf
>ruf[onfh 'Du&DcsrSwfcJhaomfvnf; rGefjynfe,f onf[k xif&mS ;xGuq f jdk cif;r&Sad Mumif; awGU&onf/
w&m;vTwfawmfu y,fzsufí w&m;vkdpGJqkdaom ypön;f wpfcu
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trI t m; yvyf c J h j cif ; ud k jynf a xmif p k w &m; r[kwf qkdonfhtcsufrSm taMumif;jcif;&mjyóemjzpfaMumif;?
vTwaf wmfcsKyu f twnfjyKcjhJ cif;onf rSeu f efaMumif;/}} ypönf;wpfckudk 0,f,l&mü trnfiSm;jzifh0,f,ljcif; [kwf r[kwf
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OD;rif;aiG0if;rSm ¤if;\aiGwpfjym;wpfcsyrf Qryg0ifbJ ta&mif;t0,f
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(3) 1993 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-81/
14 15
2015 >ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrIpGJqkdjcif;jzpfonf/ aiGay;acsol[k tqkdjyKonfh w&m;vkd a':MunfcifESifh orD; 2015

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ESifh ypönf;wpfckudk0,f,l&mü trnfcH trnfiSm;pepfjzihf ESifh
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w&m;vkd\ trnfiSm;taejzifh tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdol
jy|mef ; csuf r sm;ES i h f o uf q k d i f a Mumif ; KATHLEEN MAUD
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a':Munfcif\ trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfonf rqkdEkdifaomaMumifh
OD;rif;aiG0if; trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzifh 0,f,ljcif;jzpfaMumif; >ruf[
The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif 'Du&Dukd vufatmuft,lcH½Hk;rsm;u cGihfrjyKcJhjcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;jcif;
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odkYjzpfí ypönf;wpfckudk 0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh trnf yg0ifcsKyfqkdxm;jcif;rSm w&m;vkd a':Munfcif\ trnfcH
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,cktrIwGif tcsif;jzpfajrESihftdrfudk ta&mif;t0,f wpfO;D wnf;ydik jf zpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;&ef oufomcGiu fh kd vnf;
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14 15
2015 >ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrIpGJqkdjcif;jzpfonf/ aiGay;acsol[k tqkdjyKonfh w&m;vkd a':MunfcifESifh orD; 2015

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ESifh ypönf;wpfckudk0,f,l&mü trnfcH trnfiSm;pepfjzihf ESifh
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w&m;vkd\ trnfiSm;taejzifh tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdol
jy|mef ; csuf r sm;ES i h f o uf q k d i f a Mumif ; KATHLEEN MAUD
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a':Munfcif\ trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfonf rqkdEkdifaomaMumifh
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The Trusts Act yk'fr 82 yg jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif 'Du&Dukd vufatmuft,lcH½Hk;rsm;u cGihfrjyKcJhjcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;jcif;
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taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k qkdvkdonf/ ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyrf sm;wGif 0,foal e&mü w&m;NyKd if OD;rif;aiG0if;
odkYjzpfí ypönf;wpfckudk 0,f,l&mü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfjzifh trnf yg0ifcsKyfqkdxm;jcif;rSm w&m;vkd a':Munfcif\ trnfcH
0,f,ljcif;rSm vTJajymif;aomypönf;udk aiGay;acsolonf rdrd trnfiSm;taejzifh azmfjyxm;jcif;r[kwfaMumif; txufwGif
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ta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyw f iG af zmfjy&ef taMumif;r&Sad y/ odtYk wGuf t,lcw H &m;½H;k ESp½f ;kH vH;k u tcsi;f jzpftrd af jrrSm w&m;vkd
,cktrIwGif tcsif;jzpfajrESihftdrfudk ta&mif;t0,f wpfO;D wnf;ydik jf zpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;&ef oufomcGiu fh kd vnf;
jyKvkyfcsKyfqkdaom oufaocHtrSwf (u) ESihf (c) pmcsKyfrsm;wGif cGirfh jyKbJ rlv½H;k w&m;vkd a':Munfcifpq JG adk omtrIukd yvyfcjhJ cif;rSm
rSeu f efaMumif; awGU&S&d onf/
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16 13
2015 odkYjzpfí Mum;emcJhaom jyóemudk atmufygtwkdif; cJ h a Mumif ; ? OD ; rif ; aiG 0 if ; onf td r f a jr0,f , l & mwG i f 2015
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f iG f OD;rif;aiG0if;\trnfukd rxnf&h efajym&m OD;rif;aiG0if;u
aumuf , l & ef ouf a ocH c suf r sm;&S d o nf q k d u m ¤if;rvdrfaMumif;? jyóemrjzpfaMumif;? aemifvTJajymif;onfhtcg
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ajrudk 0,f,lpOfu trnfcHtrnfiSm;jzpfaMumif; w&m;vdu k trnfc?H trnfimS ;tjzpf pmcsKyw f iG f csKyqf adk pcJjh cif;jzpf
>ruf[onfh 'Du&DcsrSwfcJhaomfvnf; rGefjynfe,f onf[k xif&mS ;xGuq f jdk cif;r&Sad Mumif; awGU&onf/
w&m;vTwfawmfu y,fzsufí w&m;vkdpGJqkdaom ypön;f wpfcu
k 0kd ,f,&l mü trnfimS ;jzihf 0,f,jl cif; [kwf
trI t m; yvyf c J h j cif ; ud k jynf a xmif p k w &m; r[kwf qkdonfhtcsufrSm taMumif;jcif;&mjyóemjzpfaMumif;?
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trnfimS ;rQomjzpfaMumif;ESihf tdraf jrrSm ¤if;wpfO;D wnf;ykid jf zpfaMumif;
20 17
2015 tqkv d mT wGif anmifwek ;f NrKd Ue,f? xdy0f av;aus;&Gmae w&m;rjyif q if r I + 2015 ckESpf
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OD;0if;a&T (c)
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trSwf (450)? jrr®mjymomuGif;? OD;ykdiftrSwf (7)? {&d,m 3.83
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ukid ;f ajrwpfuu G f use&f pfcahJ Mumif;? 0.50 {u&Sd udik ;f ajrwGif trSwf
OD;0if;a&T (c) OD;0if;aqG yg 33*
(2) w&m;NyKd if a':cifaqGjrihf tdraf qmufaexkid cf NhJ y;D 17-5-2012
aeYwGif a&mif;cscJhaMumif;? a&mif;csaiG\ 4 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*) jy|mef;csuft& tarG
awmif;qk&d m cGaJ 0ay;jcif;r&Sad Mumif;? tarGcaJG 0&mwGif use&f adS om qufcHjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í tjiif;yGm;rIudk Oya'ESihftnD
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0.50 {u a&mif;csaiG usyf (85) odef;wkdY\ 4 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0 v,f , majrvk y f y k d i f c G i h f & &S d x m;ol r sm;om &&S d a om
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trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;odef;aZmfESifh trSwf (3) qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*)
w&m;NydKif a':&D&DaqGwkdYu qdkvTmygtcsufrsm; rSefuefaMumif; jy|mef;csuft& tarGqufcHjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í tjiif;yGm;rIudk
0efcaH csvmT wifoiG ;f onf/ Oya'ESit fh nD w&m;½H;k \ tqH;k tjzwfc,
fh a&;onf
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onf tarGcaJG 0Ny;D jzpfaMumif;? ukid ;f ajrrSm rdbrsm;uay;í vGecf ahJ om &&Sad om tcGit fh a&;jzpfonf/
(29) ESpfausmfu vkyfudkifcJhaMumif;? cifyGef; OD;a&TvS0if;trnfjzifh * 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrItrSwf- 436
ajrcGefajypmxGufNyD; ajrpm&if;OD;pD;XmewGif ajr,mrSwfyHkwif + 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;rjyifqifrt
I rSwf 62 wGif csrw
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18 19
2015 tqkyd g jy|mef;csut

f & w&m;½H;k rsm;onf v,f,m xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / ,cktrIwGif uGif;trSwf 450? jrr®m 2015
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tjiif;yGm;rIukd w&m;½H;k u tqH;k tjzwfay;Ekid rf nfjzpfonf/ vkyyf idk cf iG &fh &Sx
xyfrHqHk;jzwfcsuf/ / 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'tmPm udk rnfo&l &Sx d m;aMumif; ray:aygufao;í v,f,majrOya'yk'rf
f ikd t
f oH;k cs 9 (*) t& v,f,majrvkyfykdifcGihf tarGqufcHjcif;udpötay:
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pnf;urf;rsm;ESit
hf nD v,f,majrvkyyf idk cf iG fh avQmufxm;&efjzpfonf/ t,lcw
H &m;vkt d wGuf - OD;pde0f if;? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
v,f,majrukd toHk;jyKcGihf&&Sdxm;olESifh v,f,majr t,lcwH &m;NyKd irf sm;twGuf - OD;Muifx;l ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
anmifwkef;NrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;? 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rI
trSwf 20 wGif OD;0if;a&T (c) OD;0if;aqGu OD;odef;aZmfyg 3 OD;
wkdYtay: tarGyHkypönf;pDrHcefYcGJay;apvkdrIpGJqdkonf/ aemufwkd;
S cf surf sm;ESit
jiif;csuEf pS &f yfukd Oya'jiif;csut
f jzpfowfrwS íf Mum;emNy;D trItm;
qufvufppfaq;oGm;rnf[k qH;k jzwfonf/ NrKd Ue,fw&m;½H;k \ trdeu Yf kd
v,f,majrvkyyf idk cf iG jfh yKvufrwS u f dk v,f,majrOya' trSwf (2) w&m;NydKif a':cifaqGjrifhu rauseyfí rtlyifc½kdif
yk'fr 6 t& NrdKUe,fv,f,majrpDrHcefYcGJrItzGJUu oufqkdif&m c½kdif w&m;½H;k odYk 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;rjyifqifrI trSwf 15 jzifv h nf;aumif;?
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½Hk;wGif owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD rSwfyHkwifaMu;ay;aqmifapí jyifqifrt I rSwf 62 jzifv h nf;aumif; jyifqifrw
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18 19
2015 tqkyd g jy|mef;csut

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f ikd t
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pnf;urf;rsm;ESit
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v,f,majrukd toHk;jyKcGihf&&Sdxm;olESifh v,f,majr t,lcwH &m;NyKd irf sm;twGuf - OD;Muifx;l ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
anmifwkef;NrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;? 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rI
trSwf 20 wGif OD;0if;a&T (c) OD;0if;aqGu OD;odef;aZmfyg 3 OD;
wkdYtay: tarGyHkypönf;pDrHcefYcGJay;apvkdrIpGJqdkonf/ aemufwkd;
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jiif;csuEf pS &f yfukd Oya'jiif;csut
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qufvufppfaq;oGm;rnf[k qH;k jzwfonf/ NrKd Ue,fw&m;½H;k \ trdeu Yf kd
v,f,majrvkyyf idk cf iG jfh yKvufrwS u f dk v,f,majrOya' trSwf (2) w&m;NydKif a':cifaqGjrifhu rauseyfí rtlyifc½kdif
yk'fr 6 t& NrdKUe,fv,f,majrpDrHcefYcGJrItzGJUu oufqkdif&m c½kdif w&m;½H;k odYk 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;rjyifqifrI trSwf 15 jzifv h nf;aumif;?
v,f,majrpDrHcefYcGJrItzGJU\ oabmwlnDcsufjzifh NrdKUe,fOD;pD;Xme {&m0wDwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfodkY 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r
½Hk;wGif owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD rSwfyHkwifaMu;ay;aqmifapí jyifqifrt I rSwf 62 jzifv h nf;aumif; jyifqifrw
I ifoiG ;f &m atmifjrifrI
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20 17
2015 tqkv d mT wGif anmifwek ;f NrKd Ue,f? xdy0f av;aus;&Gmae w&m;rjyif q if r I + 2015 ckESpf
a':cifaqGjrihf Zlvkdifv 29 &uf
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trSwf (450)? jrr®mjymomuGif;? OD;ykdiftrSwf (7)? {&d,m 3.83
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jzwfíazmufojzifh 0.50 {u &Sd ukdif;ajrwpfuGufESifh 1 {u&Sd ESihf
ukid ;f ajrwpfuu G f use&f pfcahJ Mumif;? 0.50 {u&Sd udik ;f ajrwGif trSwf
OD;0if;a&T (c) OD;0if;aqG yg 33*
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aeYwGif a&mif;cscJhaMumif;? a&mif;csaiG\ 4 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*) jy|mef;csuft& tarG
awmif;qk&d m cGaJ 0ay;jcif;r&Sad Mumif;? tarGcaJG 0&mwGif use&f adS om qufcHjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í tjiif;yGm;rIudk Oya'ESihftnD
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trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;odef;aZmfESifh trSwf (3) qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*)
w&m;NydKif a':&D&DaqGwkdYu qdkvTmygtcsufrsm; rSefuefaMumif; jy|mef;csuft& tarGqufcHjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í tjiif;yGm;rIudk
0efcaH csvmT wifoiG ;f onf/ Oya'ESit fh nD w&m;½H;k \ tqH;k tjzwfc,
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onf tarGcaJG 0Ny;D jzpfaMumif;? ukid ;f ajrrSm rdbrsm;uay;í vGecf ahJ om &&Sad om tcGit fh a&;jzpfonf/
(29) ESpfausmfu vkyfudkifcJhaMumif;? cifyGef; OD;a&TvS0if;trnfjzifh * 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrItrSwf- 436
ajrcGefajypmxGufNyD; ajrpm&if;OD;pD;XmewGif ajr,mrSwfyHkwif + 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;rjyifqifrt
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24 21
2015 a&mif;csonfh 2011 ckEpS rf pS í umvpnf;urf;owfa&wGu&f rnf[k avQmufxm;NyD;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;pGJqkdaom udkif;ajrESifh 0g;NcHajrudk 2015
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rdbrsm;u trSwf (2) w&m;NydKif rdom;pkudk tarGay;xm;aMumif; xkwfNyD; yPmrjiif;csuftjzpf Mum;emonf/ tqkdyg aemufwkd;
trSwf (2) w&m;NyKdifu oufaojy&efwm0ef&SdaMumif;? tarGcGJa0 jiif;csuEf pS &f yfrmS atmufygtwkid ;f jzpfonf-
ay;&ef awmif;qdak omypön;f rSm trSwf (2) w&m;NyKd iu f ukid ;f ajr
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450? OD;ykdiftrSwf 7? ukdif;ajr 1 {u 0g;NcHwkdYjzpfaMumif;? v,f,m ypö n f ; rsm;rS m v,f , majrrsm;jzpf N yD ; ,if ;
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ESiyfh wfoufaom tjiif;yGm;rIwiG f oufqidk &f mw&m;½H;k u Oya'ESihf tjiif;yGm;rIt½Iyt
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22 23
2015 rtlyifc½kid w f &m;½H;k u v,f,majrvkyyf idk cf iG u fh kd tarG rSwfyHkwifNyD;rSom w&m;0ifajz&Sif;EkdifcGihf&Sdonf[kvnf;aumif; 2015

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v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*) wGif v,f,majrvkyfydkifcGihfudk tarG trnfjzifh 2008-2009 ckEpS rf S 2012-2013 ckEpS x f d vuf&dS vufiw k f
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26 27
2015 awGU&onf/ ESpfzuftqdktacsrsm;wGif azmfjycsufrsm;t& tqdkyg 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*) jy|mef;csuf 2015
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2015 awGU&onf/ ESpfzuftqdktacsrsm;wGif azmfjycsufrsm;t& tqdkyg 2012 ckESpf? v,f,majrOya'yk'fr 9 (*) jy|mef;csuf 2015
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ap&ef a&;om;xkwjf yefonfh trdepYf mjzpfonf/ rSwfyHkwifNyD;rSomvQif Oya't& w&m;pGJqdkEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;udk
vufcEH idk rf nfr[kw[ f k qH;k jzwfco
hJ nfh {&m0wDwidk ;f a'oBu;D w&m;
,ckavQmufxm;rIwiG f avQmufxm;cH&ol jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmf\ qH;k jzwfcsuo f nf Oya't& rSeu f efonf[k rqdEk idk af y/
0efBu;D ? ynma&;0efBu;D Xmeonf 0efxrf;qkid &f m usi0hf wfysu,
f iG ;f rI?
36 33
2015 enf;Oya'yk'fr 196 wGif ]]Xmeqkdif&m ppfaq;a&;tzGJUonf pnf;urf;azmufzsurf EI iS fh wm0efysuu f u

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I t
Ydk wGuf avQmufxm; 2015
OD;cspfaxG;
Xmeqkdif&mppfaq;rIzGifhvSpfonfhtcg ta&;,lcH&onfh 0efxrf;udk oltay: enf;vrf;wus pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJU zGJUpnf;í ppfaq; OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
enf;Oya' 197 ESit fh nD a&S;OD;pGm pGcJ suw f if& rnf/ pGcJ surf wifygu NyD; tyfESif;xm;aom vkyfykdifcGihfESifhtnD qHk;jzwfaqmif&GufcJhjcif; jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;?
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;?
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aejynfawmf avQmuf x m;ol t m; &mxl ; rS xk w f y ,f j cif ; onf Oya't& taMumif;ay:aygufjcif;r&Sday/ aejynfawmf
rSm;,Gi;f aeaMumif;? Edik if 0hH efxrf;enf;Oya'rsm; yk'rf 210 (Z) wGif
]]&mxl ; rS x k w f y ,f j cif ; qk d o nf r S m Oya'aMumif ; t& w&m; avQmufxm;oltwGuf - OD;rif;atmif? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
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J jkd cif;cH&Ny;D Bu;D av;aomjypf'Pf pD&ifc&H jcif;aMumifjh zpfap? jypfrI avQmufxm;cH&oltwGuf - OD;0if;jrifh? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;?
usL;vGeo f nfrmS tavhtusiu hf o
hJ Ykd jzpfaejcif;aMumifjh zpfap 0efxrf; jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;
tm; vuf&&dS mxl;ü wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;rS xkwyf ,fjcif;udk qkv d kd
onf}} [k jy|mef;xm;aMumif;? avQmufxm;olonf 0efxrf;vkyo f uf avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;u ¤if;onf csif;jynfe,f
wpfavQmuf Oya'aMumif;t& w&m;pGq J ckd &H jcif;r&Scd ahJ Mumif;? jypfrI ynma&;ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;½H k ; wG i f ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;wm0ef u d k
wpfpHkwpf&m usL;vGefcJhjcif;tvsOf;r&SdcJhí EkdifihH0efxrf;enf;Oya' ausmaxmufaemufcHjyKí wm0efxrf;aqmifpOf Xmeqkdif&m
yk'fr 210 (Z) t& tBuHK;0ifjcif;r&Sdojzifh avQmufxm;oltm; ta&;,lc&H Ny;D ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k ? 'kw,d
&mxl;rS xkwyf ,fjcif;onf rSm;,Gi;f aeaMumif;? avQmufxm;oltm; ñTefMum;a&;rSL;&mxl;jzifh &mxl;tqifhavsmí ajymif;a&TUcHcJh&
tvkyfrS xkwfy,fcJhaomjzpfpOfwGif avQmufxm;olwpfOD;wnf;\ aMumif;? rajymif;a&TUrD r,lrae&yifpifwifí yifpifusvmrnfh
wm0efrhJ ysuu f uG rf aI Mumihrf [kwb f J avQmufxm;olom jyif;xefpmG tcsed u f kd apmihq
f idk ;f aepOf tvkyrf S vH;k 0xkwyf ,fccH &hJ aMumif;? tqkyd g
tjypfay; cH&ojzifh avQmufxm;olonf ]]uHq;kd olarmif&iS }f } tjzpf trdeo Yf nf avQmufxm;ol\ 0efxrf;tcGit hf a&;rsm; xdcu dk ef pfem
owfrSwf cH&jcif;omjzpfaMumif;? vufatmufXmerS tcsdefrD ojzifh ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? 0efBu;D ½H;k \ 14-5-2014 &ufpyJG g &mxl;rS
rwif j ycJ h j cif ; aMumif h avQmuf x m;ol u txuf o d k Y tcsd e f r D xkwfy,fonfh trdefYaMumfjimpmudk jynfaxmifpkw&m;pD&ifa&;
qufvufrwifjyEkdifjcif; jzpfaMumif;? xkdtcsufudk taMumif;jyKí Oya'yk'rf 16 (u) (2) t& tmPmay;pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq f ifh
cEÅD;c½kdifynma&;rSL;½Hk;odkY &mxl;tqifhavsmhusxrf;aqmif&ef y,fzsufay;&ef avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
tjypfay;cJah omfvnf; tepfemcHí r,lrae&yifpifay;yg&ef 0efBu;D
34 35
2015 jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy½f ;kH ? ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;u avQmufxm; avQmufxm;oltm; Ekid if 0hH efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 53 wGif azmfjyxm;onfh 2015
OD;cspfaxG; oltm; ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk ajymif;a&TU jypf'Pfrsm;teuf &mxl;rS xkwfy,fjcif; (Removal) jypf'Pftm; OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
cefYxm;&mwGif tvkyf0ifa&mufjcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf Dr pkd;jrifhxGef; csrwS cf jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif; avQmufxm;olwifjyonfh taMumif;jycsuf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
Ouú|tjzpfaqmif&Gufaom ppfaq;a&;tzGJUjzifh ppfaq;Ekdif&ef udk vufcpH Of;pm;&efroifah Mumif;? tmPmay;pmcReaf wmftrdeYf (writ ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf taMumif ; Mum;pmxk w f í (4) Bud r f w k d i f qif h a c:aomf v nf ; of mandamus) xkwfqifhjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í er® w l t vk y f o rm; aejynfawmf
avQmufxm;olrS vma&muftppfcHjcif;r&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;ol or*¾ E S i f h jref r mh p uf r I v k y f i ef ; qk d i f & mtEk n mwcH k ½ H k ; yg 2
tm; jypfru I sL;vGeaf Mumif; pGypf cJG surf sm;onf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;enf;Oya' pD & if x H k ;(1) wGif tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefYonf tmPmykdif
tmPmwnfonfh 26-3-2014 &ufaeYrwkid rf u D ay:aygufco hJ nfh tzGJUtpnf;u Oya'ESihftnDxrf;aqmif&ef ysufuGufonfh ¤if;\
tjypfrsm;jzpfaeí xkdpOfu twnfjzpfaeonfh 0efxrf;pnf;rsOf; jynfolYwm0ef0wå&m;qkdif&m ysufuGufrIudk jznfhqnf;aqmif&Guf
pnf;urf;qdik &f mqdik &f mOya'? enf;Oya' pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESifh ay;apa&;twG u f o mvQif w&m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf u wk d u f ½ k d u f
tnDom ta&;,l&rnfjzpfaMumif; awGU&S&d ojzifh avQmufxm;ol\ ñTefMum;Ekdifonfh pmcRefawmftrdefYwpf&yfjzpfaMumif;jzifh vrf;ñTef
taMumif;jycsuw f tYdk m; vufcpH Of;pm;&efroifah Mumif;? avQmufxm;ol xHk;zGJUxm;onfudk awGU&Sd&aMumif;? ,cktrIwGif avQmufxm;cH&ol
OD;cspfaxG;onf csif;jynfe,ftpkd;&tzGJU\ ñTefMum;csufpmtm; taejzifh ,if;\ aqmif&u G yf idk cf iG t
hf wGi;f rS 0efxrf;pnf;urf;qkid &f m
txuftqifq h ifo h Ykd wifjycJjh cif;r&Sjd cif;? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk jypfrIusL;vGefoltay: Oya'ESihftnD csrSwfaomjypf'Pfjzpfonfh
ajymif;a&TUxm;&mwGif tvkyf0ifa&mufjcif;r&SdbJ r,lrae&yifpif twGuf tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqifhay;&ef avQmufxm;
wifxm;aMumif; wifjy&mwGif yifpifOya'wGif r,lrae&yifpif csuftm; vufcHpOf;pm; &efroihfaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
r&So
d jzifh tjrefq;kH tvky0f ifa&muf&ef tBurd Bf urd t f aMumif;Mum;cJh
avQmuf x m;ol \ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu
aomfvnf; vkdufemrIr&SdcJhjcif;wkdYaMumifh 1985 ckESpf? 0efxrf;
avQmufxm;olonf ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf\ ajymMum;csuft&
pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;vufpGJtykd'f 6 (u) ESihf (*) wGif azmfjy
r,lrae&yifpifwifcJhNyD; trdefYudk apmifhqkdif;aeojzifh (4) vcefY
xm;aom wm0ef r ausyG e f j cif ; od k Y r [k w f aygh q pG m wm0ef
cGihfrJhysufuGufouJhodkY jzpfaecJh&m xkdtcsuftay: &mxl;rS
xrf;aqmifjcif;ESifh ysufuGufjcif;qkdonfh wm0efxrf;aqmifrIESihf
xkwfy,ftjypfay;cJhjcif;onf w&m;rQwrIr&Sdojzifh 14-5-2014
vky&f nfuidk &f nfqidk &f m jypfrrI sm;udk usL;vGecf ahJ Mumif; avQmufxm;
aeYpGJyg trdefYpmtm; y,fzsufay;oihfaMumif;? EdkifiHh0efxrf;
cH&ol\ wifjypm taxmuftxm;rsm;t& xif&mS ; ay:aygufojzifh
(1) 1950 jynfhESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk; (w&m;½Hk;csKyf)? pm-176/
34 35
2015 jynfaxmifpak &SUaecsKy½f ;kH ? ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;u avQmufxm; avQmufxm;oltm; Ekid if 0hH efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 53 wGif azmfjyxm;onfh 2015
OD;cspfaxG; oltm; ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk ajymif;a&TU jypf'Pfrsm;teuf &mxl;rS xkwfy,fjcif; (Removal) jypf'Pftm; OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
cefYxm;&mwGif tvkyf0ifa&mufjcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf Dr pkd;jrifhxGef; csrwS cf jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif; avQmufxm;olwifjyonfh taMumif;jycsuf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
Ouú|tjzpfaqmif&Gufaom ppfaq;a&;tzGJUjzifh ppfaq;Ekdif&ef udk vufcpH Of;pm;&efroifah Mumif;? tmPmay;pmcReaf wmftrdeYf (writ ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf taMumif ; Mum;pmxk w f í (4) Bud r f w k d i f qif h a c:aomf v nf ; of mandamus) xkwfqifhjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í er® w l t vk y f o rm; aejynfawmf
avQmufxm;olrS vma&muftppfcHjcif;r&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;ol or*¾ E S i f h jref r mh p uf r I v k y f i ef ; qk d i f & mtEk n mwcH k ½ H k ; yg 2
tm; jypfru I sL;vGeaf Mumif; pGypf cJG surf sm;onf Ekid if 0hH efxrf;enf;Oya' pD & if x H k ;(1) wGif tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefYonf tmPmykdif
tmPmwnfonfh 26-3-2014 &ufaeYrwkid rf u D ay:aygufco hJ nfh tzGJUtpnf;u Oya'ESihftnDxrf;aqmif&ef ysufuGufonfh ¤if;\
tjypfrsm;jzpfaeí xkdpOfu twnfjzpfaeonfh 0efxrf;pnf;rsOf; jynfolYwm0ef0wå&m;qkdif&m ysufuGufrIudk jznfhqnf;aqmif&Guf
pnf;urf;qdik &f mqdik &f mOya'? enf;Oya' pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;ESifh ay;apa&;twG u f o mvQif w&m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf u wk d u f ½ k d u f
tnDom ta&;,l&rnfjzpfaMumif; awGU&S&d ojzifh avQmufxm;ol\ ñTefMum;Ekdifonfh pmcRefawmftrdefYwpf&yfjzpfaMumif;jzifh vrf;ñTef
taMumif;jycsuw f tYdk m; vufcpH Of;pm;&efroifah Mumif;? avQmufxm;ol xHk;zGJUxm;onfudk awGU&Sd&aMumif;? ,cktrIwGif avQmufxm;cH&ol
OD;cspfaxG;onf csif;jynfe,ftpkd;&tzGJU\ ñTefMum;csufpmtm; taejzifh ,if;\ aqmif&u G yf idk cf iG t
hf wGi;f rS 0efxrf;pnf;urf;qkid &f m
txuftqifq h ifo h Ykd wifjycJjh cif;r&Sjd cif;? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk jypfrIusL;vGefoltay: Oya'ESihftnD csrSwfaomjypf'Pfjzpfonfh
ajymif;a&TUxm;&mwGif tvkyf0ifa&mufjcif;r&SdbJ r,lrae&yifpif twGuf tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqifhay;&ef avQmufxm;
wifxm;aMumif; wifjy&mwGif yifpifOya'wGif r,lrae&yifpif csuftm; vufcHpOf;pm; &efroihfaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
r&So
d jzifh tjrefq;kH tvky0f ifa&muf&ef tBurd Bf urd t f aMumif;Mum;cJh
avQmuf x m;ol \ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu
aomfvnf; vkdufemrIr&SdcJhjcif;wkdYaMumifh 1985 ckESpf? 0efxrf;
avQmufxm;olonf ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf\ ajymMum;csuft&
pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;vufpGJtykd'f 6 (u) ESihf (*) wGif azmfjy
r,lrae&yifpifwifcJhNyD; trdefYudk apmifhqkdif;aeojzifh (4) vcefY
xm;aom wm0ef r ausyG e f j cif ; od k Y r [k w f aygh q pG m wm0ef
cGihfrJhysufuGufouJhodkY jzpfaecJh&m xkdtcsuftay: &mxl;rS
xrf;aqmifjcif;ESifh ysufuGufjcif;qkdonfh wm0efxrf;aqmifrIESihf
xkwfy,ftjypfay;cJhjcif;onf w&m;rQwrIr&Sdojzifh 14-5-2014
vky&f nfuidk &f nfqidk &f m jypfrrI sm;udk usL;vGecf ahJ Mumif; avQmufxm;
aeYpGJyg trdefYpmtm; y,fzsufay;oihfaMumif;? EdkifiHh0efxrf;
cH&ol\ wifjypm taxmuftxm;rsm;t& xif&mS ; ay:aygufojzifh
(1) 1950 jynfhESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk; (w&m;½Hk;csKyf)? pm-176/
36 33
2015 enf;Oya'yk'fr 196 wGif ]]Xmeqkdif&m ppfaq;a&;tzGJUonf pnf;urf;azmufzsurf EI iS fh wm0efysuu f u

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ESifh ESifh
enf;Oya' 197 ESit fh nD a&S;OD;pGm pGcJ suw f if& rnf/ pGcJ surf wifygu NyD; tyfESif;xm;aom vkyfykdifcGihfESifhtnD qHk;jzwfaqmif&GufcJhjcif; jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;?
jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;?
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aejynfawmf avQmuf x m;ol t m; &mxl ; rS xk w f y ,f j cif ; onf Oya't& taMumif;ay:aygufjcif;r&Sday/ aejynfawmf
rSm;,Gi;f aeaMumif;? Edik if 0hH efxrf;enf;Oya'rsm; yk'rf 210 (Z) wGif
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pGq
J jkd cif;cH&Ny;D Bu;D av;aomjypf'Pf pD&ifc&H jcif;aMumifjh zpfap? jypfrI avQmufxm;cH&oltwGuf - OD;0if;jrifh? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;?
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hJ Ykd jzpfaejcif;aMumifjh zpfap 0efxrf; jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;
tm; vuf&&dS mxl;ü wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;rS xkwyf ,fjcif;udk qkv d kd
onf}} [k jy|mef;xm;aMumif;? avQmufxm;olonf 0efxrf;vkyo f uf avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;u ¤if;onf csif;jynfe,f
wpfavQmuf Oya'aMumif;t& w&m;pGq J ckd &H jcif;r&Scd ahJ Mumif;? jypfrI ynma&;ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;½H k ; wG i f ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;wm0ef u d k
wpfpHkwpf&m usL;vGefcJhjcif;tvsOf;r&SdcJhí EkdifihH0efxrf;enf;Oya' ausmaxmufaemufcHjyKí wm0efxrf;aqmifpOf Xmeqkdif&m
yk'fr 210 (Z) t& tBuHK;0ifjcif;r&Sdojzifh avQmufxm;oltm; ta&;,lc&H Ny;D ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ? cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k ? 'kw,d
&mxl;rS xkwyf ,fjcif;onf rSm;,Gi;f aeaMumif;? avQmufxm;oltm; ñTefMum;a&;rSL;&mxl;jzifh &mxl;tqifhavsmí ajymif;a&TUcHcJh&
tvkyfrS xkwfy,fcJhaomjzpfpOfwGif avQmufxm;olwpfOD;wnf;\ aMumif;? rajymif;a&TUrD r,lrae&yifpifwifí yifpifusvmrnfh
wm0efrhJ ysuu f uG rf aI Mumihrf [kwb f J avQmufxm;olom jyif;xefpmG tcsed u f kd apmihq
f idk ;f aepOf tvkyrf S vH;k 0xkwyf ,fccH &hJ aMumif;? tqkyd g
tjypfay; cH&ojzifh avQmufxm;olonf ]]uHq;kd olarmif&iS }f } tjzpf trdeo Yf nf avQmufxm;ol\ 0efxrf;tcGit hf a&;rsm; xdcu dk ef pfem
owfrSwf cH&jcif;omjzpfaMumif;? vufatmufXmerS tcsdefrD ojzifh ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? 0efBu;D ½H;k \ 14-5-2014 &ufpyJG g &mxl;rS
rwif j ycJ h j cif ; aMumif h avQmuf x m;ol u txuf o d k Y tcsd e f r D xkwfy,fonfh trdefYaMumfjimpmudk jynfaxmifpkw&m;pD&ifa&;
qufvufrwifjyEkdifjcif; jzpfaMumif;? xkdtcsufudk taMumif;jyKí Oya'yk'rf 16 (u) (2) t& tmPmay;pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq f ifh
cEÅD;c½kdifynma&;rSL;½Hk;odkY &mxl;tqifhavsmhusxrf;aqmif&ef y,fzsufay;&ef avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
tjypfay;cJah omfvnf; tepfemcHí r,lrae&yifpifay;yg&ef 0efBu;D
40 37
2015 oH;k oyfcsut f m; ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? pDrcH efcY aJG &;aumfrwD tpnf; XmeodYk awmif;cHcohJ nft h wGuf ynma&;0efBu;D Xme ñTeMf um;csuu f kd 2015
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ESifh ESifh
tm; &mxl;rS xkwyf pf (Removal) vku d af Mumif; 14-5-2014 &ufpyJG g onfhae&modkY tvkyfr0ifí Xmeqkdif&m ppfaq;NyD; jypf'Pftjzpf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme? trdeaYf Mumfjimpmudk xkwjf yefcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ &mxl;rS (Removal) cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? avQmufxm;olwpfOD;wnf; ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf udkom taxmuftxm;ckdifvHkrIr&SdbJ BuD;av;aomjypf'Pf csrSwf aejynfawmf
Edik if 0hH efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 10 wGif 0efxrf;rsm;vku d ef m&ef
cJhjcif;onf avsmfuefoihfjrwfjcif;r&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;olonf
wm0efrsm;udk azmfjyxm;&m tyk'd f (i) ü ]]rdrt d m; ay;tyfxm;aom
1-9-1978 ckESpfrSpí ynma&;Xmeü vkyfouf (36) ESpfeD;yg;wkdif
wm0efESifh 0wå&m;rsm;udk ausyGefpGmxrf;aqmif&ef}}? tykd'f (p) ü
us&mwm0ef u d k OD ; vnf r ok e f xrf ; aqmif c J h o l j zpf a Mumif ; ?
]]þOya't& jyKvyk af om enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;? trdeYf jypfcsufa[mif;r&Sdonfudk n§mwmaxmufxm;pOf;pm;oihfaMumif;?
ñTeMf um;csurf sm;? 0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf;tvdu k f oD;jcm;owfrw S xf m; avQmufxm;oltm; &mxl;rS xkwfy,f (Removal) vkdufonfh
aom vkyif ef;cGipf nf;urf;rsm;? trdeEYf iS fh ñTeMf um;csurf sm;udk vkud ef m trdefYaMumfjimpmtm; tmPmay; pmcRefawmftrdefYjzifh y,fzsuf
&ef}} owfrSwfxm;onf/ ay;onfh trdew Yf pf&yfcsrw S af y;Ny;D rlv&mxl; ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;wm0ef
Edik if 0Hh efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 38 ü ]]0efxrf;usi0hf wfysu,
f iG ;f jyef v nf a y;tyf & ef od k Y r [k w f vk y f o uf j ynf h y if p if a y;&ef
rI? pnf;urf;azmufzsufrIESihf wm0efysufuGufrIwkdYtwGuf 0efxrf; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;qkid &f mOya'? enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf; avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf rif;wyfNrdKUe,f? ½kdU
rsm;ESit
hf nD Xmeqkid &f m enf;vrf;t& ta&;,lEikd o f nf}} [k azmfjy tajccHynmtv,fwef;ausmif;? ausmif;tkyq f &mrBu;D ESifh 0efxrf;
xm;onf/ rsm; pnf;urf;azmufzsurf rI sm;ESiyfh wfoufí pHpk rf;ppfaq;csut f &
ausmif;tkyEf iS hf 0efxrf; (3) OD;tm; xkwyf pfonftxd ta&;,l&ef
avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;tm; ppfukdif;wkdif;a'oBuD;?
csi;f jynfe,ftpk;d &tzGUJ rS rSwcf sujf yKonfh wifjypmudk 11-4-2013
cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k okYd ajymif;a&TUcefx
Y m;&mwGif tvky0f ifa&mufrI
aeYwGif vufcH&&Sdaomfvnf; trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme&Sd
r&Sdjcif;onf rdrdtm; ay;tyfxm;onfh wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk
wm0ef&Sdolrsm;xH qufvufwifjycJhjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tqkdyg
xrf;aqmif&efysuu f u G rf jI zpfonf/ xkt Yd jyif ynma&;0efBu;D XmerS
ausmif;tkyq f &mrBu;D &mxl;wk;d oGm;ojzifh &Si;f vif;&ef csi;f jynfe,f
0efxrf;rsm; ajymif;a&TU&mwGif vku d ef m&ef owfrw S o
f nfh pnf;urf;
tpk;d &tzGUJ rS &Si;f vif;ap&mwGiv f nf; ¤if;\oabmqE´tavsmuf
38 39
2015 ajz&Si;f Ny;D trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;XmeokYd wifjycJjh cif;r&Sad Mumif;? csi;f jynfe,fynma&;ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;½H;k ESihf trSwf (2) tajccHynm 2015
OD;cspfaxG; ¤if ; ajz&S i f ; csuf u d k csif ; jynf e ,f 0 ef B uD ; csKyf r S auseyf r I r &S d í OD;pD;XmewkdYu 18-1-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzifh taMumif;Mum;cJhNyD; OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
jynfaxmifpktpkd;&tzGJUodkY qufvufwifjycJhaMumif;? ,if;udpöESihf ppf u d k i f ; wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; ynma&;ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;½H k ; uvnf ;
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
ywfoufí OD;rsKd ;oef?Y 'kw, d ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKy?f trSwf (2) tajccH avQmufxm;oltm; tjrefqHk; tvkyf0if&ef 18-1-2014 &ufESihf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf ynmOD;pD;XmeOuú|tjzpfaqmif&u G af om ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ rS ppfaq; 7-2-2014 &ufpGJyg pmrsm;jzifh taMumif;Mum;cJhonf/ aejynfawmf
NyD; 11-11-2013 &ufaeYwGif usif;yaom pDrHcefYcGJa&;aumfrwD
odkY&mwGif avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf cEÅD;c½kdif
tpnf;ta0;trSwpf Of 11^2013 oabmwlncD sut f & OD;cspaf xG;
ynma&;rSL;½H;k odYk ajymif;a&TUcefxY m;&mwGif tvky0f ifa&mufrrI &So d nfh
onf wm0efxrf;aqmif&mü ayghavsmrh &I o dS jzifh ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ?
twGuf trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme\ 18-3-2014 &ufpGJyg
cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k wGif 'kw, d ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;&mxl;jzifh ajymif;a&TU
pmjzifh rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;ynma&;ñTefMum;a&;rSL; OD;pkd;jrifhxGef;
cefYxm;aMumif; 4-12-2013 aeYwGif trdefYxkwfjyefcJhonf/
Ouú | tjzpf y g0if N yD ; 'k w d , ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ; OD ; apmarmif E S i f h
avQmufxm;olonf cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k wGif tvkyf a':0if;MunfwyYdk g0ifaom Xmeqkid &f mpHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ zGUJ pnf;í
0ifa&mufrIr&Sdojzifh tjrefqHk; tvkyf0ifa&muf&ef ppfudkif;wkdif; ppfaq;&ef wm0efay;tyfco hJ nf/ pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ u taMumif;
ynma&;ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;½H;k u 14-1-2014 &ufpyJG gpmjzifh taMumif; Mum;pm (4) Burd x f wk íf taMumif;Mum;cJah omfvnf; avQmufxm;ol
Mum;cJ&h m 15-1-2014 aeYwiG f csi;f jynfe,fynma&;rSL;½H;k rS vkyif ef; u vma&muftppfaq;cHjcif;r&So d jzifh oufao (9) OD;tm; rsuu f ,G f
wm0efrsm;udk pGevYf w
T af Mumif; avQmufxm;olrS tpD&ifcw H ifjycJo
h nf/ wGif ppfaq;cJo h nf/ pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ \ ppfaq;awGU&Scd sut f &
csi;f jynfe,fynma&;rSL;½H;k rSvnf; cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk tjrefq;kH avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf ynma&;0efBuD;Xme? 0efBuD;½Hk;\
tvkyf0ifa&muf&ef 17-1-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzifh taMumif;Mum;cJh trdefYaMumfjimpmudk vkdufemrIr&Sdjcif;? r,lrae&yifpifr&Sdonfudk
onf/ avQmufxm;olonf tvkypf eG v Yf w T Nf y;D jzpfaomfvnf; vuf&dS odygvsuf awmif;cHjcif;? touf (55) ESpjf ynfNh y;D pkpak ygif;vkyo f uf
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL; (ausmaxmufaemufc)H &mxl;jzifh r,lrae&yifpif (35) ESpf (6) v&Sí d oufjynft h Nird ;f pm;,lEidk af Mumif; qufo,
G af jym
ay;&ef wifjyvmojzifh yifpifOya'wGif r,lrae&yifpifr&Sad Mumif;? Mum;cJhaomfvnf; tNidrf;pm;r,lbJ tvkyf0ifa&muf&efysufuGuf
tNidrf;pm;,lvkdygu um,uH&Sif\ tpDtpOfjzifh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; aMumif; ay:aygufojzifh &mxl;rS xkwfy,foihfaMumif; axmufcH
twkdif;aqmif&Guf&ef? cEÅD;ynma&;rSL;½Hk;odkY tjrefqHk;tvkyf0if&ef wifjycJhonf/ Xmeqkdif&mpHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJU\ tpD&ifcHpm
38 39
2015 ajz&Si;f Ny;D trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;XmeokYd wifjycJjh cif;r&Sad Mumif;? csi;f jynfe,fynma&;ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;½H;k ESihf trSwf (2) tajccHynm 2015
OD;cspfaxG; ¤if ; ajz&S i f ; csuf u d k csif ; jynf e ,f 0 ef B uD ; csKyf r S auseyf r I r &S d í OD;pD;XmewkdYu 18-1-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzifh taMumif;Mum;cJhNyD; OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
jynfaxmifpktpkd;&tzGJUodkY qufvufwifjycJhaMumif;? ,if;udpöESihf ppf u d k i f ; wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; ynma&;ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ;½H k ; uvnf ;
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
ywfoufí OD;rsKd ;oef?Y 'kw, d ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKy?f trSwf (2) tajccH avQmufxm;oltm; tjrefqHk; tvkyf0if&ef 18-1-2014 &ufESihf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf ynmOD;pD;XmeOuú|tjzpfaqmif&u G af om ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ rS ppfaq; 7-2-2014 &ufpGJyg pmrsm;jzifh taMumif;Mum;cJhonf/ aejynfawmf
NyD; 11-11-2013 &ufaeYwGif usif;yaom pDrHcefYcGJa&;aumfrwD
odkY&mwGif avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf cEÅD;c½kdif
tpnf;ta0;trSwpf Of 11^2013 oabmwlncD sut f & OD;cspaf xG;
ynma&;rSL;½H;k odYk ajymif;a&TUcefxY m;&mwGif tvky0f ifa&mufrrI &So d nfh
onf wm0efxrf;aqmif&mü ayghavsmrh &I o dS jzifh ppfuikd ;f wkid ;f a'oBu;D ?
twGuf trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme\ 18-3-2014 &ufpGJyg
cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k wGif 'kw, d ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;&mxl;jzifh ajymif;a&TU
pmjzifh rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;ynma&;ñTefMum;a&;rSL; OD;pkd;jrifhxGef;
cefYxm;aMumif; 4-12-2013 aeYwGif trdefYxkwfjyefcJhonf/
Ouú | tjzpf y g0if N yD ; 'k w d , ñT e f M um;a&;rS L ; OD ; apmarmif E S i f h
avQmufxm;olonf cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k wGif tvkyf a':0if;MunfwyYdk g0ifaom Xmeqkid &f mpHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ zGUJ pnf;í
0ifa&mufrIr&Sdojzifh tjrefqHk; tvkyf0ifa&muf&ef ppfudkif;wkdif; ppfaq;&ef wm0efay;tyfco hJ nf/ pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ u taMumif;
ynma&;ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;½H;k u 14-1-2014 &ufpyJG gpmjzifh taMumif; Mum;pm (4) Burd x f wk íf taMumif;Mum;cJah omfvnf; avQmufxm;ol
Mum;cJ&h m 15-1-2014 aeYwiG f csi;f jynfe,fynma&;rSL;½H;k rS vkyif ef; u vma&muftppfaq;cHjcif;r&So d jzifh oufao (9) OD;tm; rsuu f ,G f
wm0efrsm;udk pGevYf w
T af Mumif; avQmufxm;olrS tpD&ifcw H ifjycJo
h nf/ wGif ppfaq;cJo h nf/ pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzGUJ \ ppfaq;awGU&Scd sut f &
csi;f jynfe,fynma&;rSL;½H;k rSvnf; cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k odYk tjrefq;kH avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf ynma&;0efBuD;Xme? 0efBuD;½Hk;\
tvkyf0ifa&muf&ef 17-1-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzifh taMumif;Mum;cJh trdefYaMumfjimpmudk vkdufemrIr&Sdjcif;? r,lrae&yifpifr&Sdonfudk
onf/ avQmufxm;olonf tvkypf eG v Yf w T Nf y;D jzpfaomfvnf; vuf&dS odygvsuf awmif;cHjcif;? touf (55) ESpjf ynfNh y;D pkpak ygif;vkyo f uf
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL; (ausmaxmufaemufc)H &mxl;jzifh r,lrae&yifpif (35) ESpf (6) v&Sí d oufjynft h Nird ;f pm;,lEidk af Mumif; qufo,
G af jym
ay;&ef wifjyvmojzifh yifpifOya'wGif r,lrae&yifpifr&Sad Mumif;? Mum;cJhaomfvnf; tNidrf;pm;r,lbJ tvkyf0ifa&muf&efysufuGuf
tNidrf;pm;,lvkdygu um,uH&Sif\ tpDtpOfjzifh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; aMumif; ay:aygufojzifh &mxl;rS xkwfy,foihfaMumif; axmufcH
twkdif;aqmif&Guf&ef? cEÅD;ynma&;rSL;½Hk;odkY tjrefqHk;tvkyf0if&ef wifjycJhonf/ Xmeqkdif&mpHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJU\ tpD&ifcHpm
40 37
2015 oH;k oyfcsut f m; ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? pDrcH efcY aJG &;aumfrwD tpnf; XmeodYk awmif;cHcohJ nft h wGuf ynma&;0efBu;D Xme ñTeMf um;csuu f kd 2015
OD;cspfaxG;
ta0; 6^2014 odYk wifjyNy;D oabmwlq;kH jzwfcsut f & OD;cspaf xG; apmifhqkdif;aepOf cGifhrJhysufuGufonfudk taMumif;jyKí ajymif;a&TU OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
tm; &mxl;rS xkwyf pf (Removal) vku d af Mumif; 14-5-2014 &ufpyJG g onfhae&modkY tvkyfr0ifí Xmeqkdif&m ppfaq;NyD; jypf'Pftjzpf
ynma&;0efBuD;Xme? trdeaYf Mumfjimpmudk xkwjf yefcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ &mxl;rS (Removal) cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? avQmufxm;olwpfOD;wnf; ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
aejynfawmf udkom taxmuftxm;ckdifvHkrIr&SdbJ BuD;av;aomjypf'Pf csrSwf aejynfawmf
Edik if 0hH efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 10 wGif 0efxrf;rsm;vku d ef m&ef
cJhjcif;onf avsmfuefoihfjrwfjcif;r&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;olonf
wm0efrsm;udk azmfjyxm;&m tyk'd f (i) ü ]]rdrt d m; ay;tyfxm;aom
1-9-1978 ckESpfrSpí ynma&;Xmeü vkyfouf (36) ESpfeD;yg;wkdif
wm0efESifh 0wå&m;rsm;udk ausyGefpGmxrf;aqmif&ef}}? tykd'f (p) ü
us&mwm0ef u d k OD ; vnf r ok e f xrf ; aqmif c J h o l j zpf a Mumif ; ?
]]þOya't& jyKvyk af om enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;? trdeYf jypfcsufa[mif;r&Sdonfudk n§mwmaxmufxm;pOf;pm;oihfaMumif;?
ñTeMf um;csurf sm;? 0efxrf;tzGUJ tpnf;tvdu k f oD;jcm;owfrw S xf m; avQmufxm;oltm; &mxl;rS xkwfy,f (Removal) vkdufonfh
aom vkyif ef;cGipf nf;urf;rsm;? trdeEYf iS fh ñTeMf um;csurf sm;udk vkud ef m trdefYaMumfjimpmtm; tmPmay; pmcRefawmftrdefYjzifh y,fzsuf
&ef}} owfrSwfxm;onf/ ay;onfh trdew Yf pf&yfcsrw S af y;Ny;D rlv&mxl; ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;wm0ef
Edik if 0Hh efxrf;Oya'yk'rf 38 ü ]]0efxrf;usi0hf wfysu,
f iG ;f jyef v nf a y;tyf & ef od k Y r [k w f vk y f o uf j ynf h y if p if a y;&ef
rI? pnf;urf;azmufzsufrIESihf wm0efysufuGufrIwkdYtwGuf 0efxrf; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&;qkid &f mOya'? enf;Oya'? pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf; avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf rif;wyfNrdKUe,f? ½kdU
rsm;ESit
hf nD Xmeqkid &f m enf;vrf;t& ta&;,lEikd o f nf}} [k azmfjy tajccHynmtv,fwef;ausmif;? ausmif;tkyq f &mrBu;D ESifh 0efxrf;
xm;onf/ rsm; pnf;urf;azmufzsurf rI sm;ESiyfh wfoufí pHpk rf;ppfaq;csut f &
ausmif;tkyEf iS hf 0efxrf; (3) OD;tm; xkwyf pfonftxd ta&;,l&ef
avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;tm; ppfukdif;wkdif;a'oBuD;?
csi;f jynfe,ftpk;d &tzGUJ rS rSwcf sujf yKonfh wifjypmudk 11-4-2013
cEÅ;D c½kid yf nma&;rSL;½H;k okYd ajymif;a&TUcefx
Y m;&mwGif tvky0f ifa&mufrI
aeYwGif vufcH&&Sdaomfvnf; trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme&Sd
r&Sdjcif;onf rdrdtm; ay;tyfxm;onfh wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk
wm0ef&Sdolrsm;xH qufvufwifjycJhjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tqkdyg
xrf;aqmif&efysuu f u G rf jI zpfonf/ xkt Yd jyif ynma&;0efBu;D XmerS
ausmif;tkyq f &mrBu;D &mxl;wk;d oGm;ojzifh &Si;f vif;&ef csi;f jynfe,f
0efxrf;rsm; ajymif;a&TU&mwGif vku d ef m&ef owfrw S o
f nfh pnf;urf;
tpk;d &tzGUJ rS &Si;f vif;ap&mwGiv f nf; ¤if;\oabmqE´tavsmuf
44 41
2015 tjiif;yGm;rItm; w&m;rQwpGm ajz&Sif;ay;&mra&mufay/ azmufzsurf I usL;vGejf cif;vnf;jzpfonf/ xkaYd Mumifh OD;cspaf xG;tm; 2015
OD;pdef0if;
cHkorm"daumifpDonf tvkyform;avQmufxm;jcif; ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? trSwf (2) tajccHynmOD;pD;XmerS Xmeqkid &f m OD;cspfaxG;
ESifh ESifh
r&Sdaom oufomcGihfudk tvkyf&Sifu ay;ap&ef qHk;jzwfjcif;onf pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJU zGJUpnf;í pHkprf;ppfaq;rIjyKvkyf&m pmjzifh (4) jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;?
cHkorm"daumifpD?
aejynfawmf yg 3 Oya'ESifh nDñGwfrQwrI&Sdonf[k qkdEdkifrnfr[kwfacs/ xkdYjyif Budrfwkdif vma&mufppfaq;cH&ef taMumif;Mum;cJhaomfvnf; ynma&;0efBuD;Xme?
ckdifvHkaom taMumif;jycsufr&SdbJ vma&mufppfaq;rIr&Sdojzifh aejynfawmf
tvkyo f rm;u avQmufxm;jcif;r&Sb d J qH;k jzwfjcif;onf pD&ifyidk cf iG fh
Xme\trdeu Yf kd qefu
Y si&f ma&mufonf/
r&SdbJ pD&ifqHk;jzwf&ma&mufouJhodkY tyfESif;xm;onfh pD&ifykdifcGihf
xuf ausmv f eG af qmif&u
G &f mvnf;a&mufonf/ pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJU\ ppfaq;awGU&Sdcsuf? axmufcH
wifjycsufwdkYt& avQmufxm;ol OD;cspfaxG;onf Xmeqkdif&mrS
avQmufxm;oltwGuf - OD;xGe;f atmifausm?f xkwfjyefaom trdefYñTefMum;csufrsm;udk vkdufem&ef ysufuGufNyD;
w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae ay;tyfaom wm0efEiS hf 0wå&m;rsm;udk ausyeG pf mG xrf;aqmifjcif;r&Sd
trSwf (1) (2) avQmufxm; - a':jzLrma0? ñTefMum;a&;rSL; onfth wGuf ynma&;0efBu;D Xme? jynfaxmifp0k efBu;D u Edik if 0hH efxrf;
cH&olrsm;twGuf jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf Oya'yk'fr 53 wGif azmfjyxm;onfh jypf'Pfrsm;teuf &mxl;rS
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48 45
2015 OD ; 0if ; aZmf x G e f ; onf pyg;ES H w m,mES i f h u Rwf p uf ½ H k \ tajccH OD;0if;aZmfxGef;tm; rlv&mxl;ae&mwGif tvkyfjyefvnfcefYxm; 2015
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46 47
2015 ,ljcif;pmt& tvkyform;OD;0if;aZmfxGef;rSm tydk'fcGJ (p-1) (1)ESifh (q-1) (14)wGif vkyfief;cGifat;csrf;om,ma&;udk xdcdkufysufjym; 2015
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46 47
2015 ,ljcif;pmt& tvkyform;OD;0if;aZmfxGef;rSm tydk'fcGJ (p-1) (1)ESifh (q-1) (14)wGif vkyfief;cGifat;csrf;om,ma&;udk xdcdkufysufjym; 2015
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2015 onftxd pnf;urf;azmufzsufusL;vGefrI[kvnf;rqdkEdkifay/ tvkyfxkwfepfemaMu;udkyg tjynfht0ay;avsmfap&ef cHkorm"d 2015

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2015 jyKvkyfrnfhudpöajym&m trSwf (3) avQmufxm;cH&ol tajccH t&Su&f ap&efEiS hf odum© ysu, f iG ;f ap&ef? aemufajymifjcif;? qJqjkd cif;? 2015
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2015 onftxd pnf;urf;azmufzsufusL;vGefrI[kvnf;rqdkEdkifay/ tvkyfxkwfepfemaMu;udkyg tjynfht0ay;avsmfap&ef cHkorm"d 2015

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2015 onfh 26-11-2014 aeYrS trIudk &ifqkdifajz&Sif;ae&onfh tvkyf rS todtrSwfjyKxm;aom tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;wGif yg0ifol 2015
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2015 avQmufxm;csuEf iS phf yfvsO;f í cGijhf yKjcif; odrYk [kwf cGirhf jyKbJ yvyf þyk'frrsm;yg jy|mef;csufrSm þtcef;uay;tyfxm; 2015
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2015 avQmufxm;csuEf iS phf yfvsO;f í cGijhf yKjcif; odrYk [kwf cGirhf jyKbJ yvyf þyk'frrsm;yg jy|mef;csufrSm þtcef;uay;tyfxm; 2015
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\ZeD; a':Munftm; OD;ñGeaYf rmif\ae&mwGif w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,f ysufjy,faeí jyifqifrIwpfckvHk; ysufjy,fjcif; &Sd r&Sd/
tjzpf xnfhoGif;jcif;rSm Oya'ESihf nDñGwfaMumif;? trIrSm tarGrI qH k ; jzwf c suf / w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg
jzpfNyD; vif\tarGudk ZeD;u jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& qufcH jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;r t,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqikd o
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aMumif; avQmufxm;olrS wifoGif;aom pm&Gufpmwrf; taxmuf * 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rjyifqifrItrSwf 419
txm;rsm;t& ay:aygufaMumif;? odkYjzpfí avQmufxm;cH&ol + 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r'kwd,t,lcHrItrSwf 35 wGif csrSwfaom 2014 ckESpf?
trSwf (1) ESifh (3) wkYd a&SUae\ uefu Y u G af vQmufxm;csuu f ykd ,fí atmufwb
dk mv 29 &ufpyJG g yJc;l wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf\ pD&ifcsuEf iS fh
OD ; ñG e f Y a rmif \ ZeD ; a':Munf t m; OD ; ñG e f Y a rmif \ w&m;0if 'Du&Dudk jyifqifrI/
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58 59
2015 jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ odkYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ES i h f avQmufxm;cH&ol (1) (3)twGuf - OD;ausmfvif;? 2015
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xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / w&m;rusih f x H k ; Oya'yk ' f r 146 yg trSwf 21 wGif a':nHa&Tu a':jrcif? OD;ñGefYarmif? OD;wifvSwkdY
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vsm;vsm;ysufjy,fonf/ odkY&mwGif w&m;vkd odkYr[kwf w&m;NydKif 'Du&DcsrSwfonf/ a':jrcif yg 3 OD;wkdYu yJcl;wkdif;a'oBuD;
trsm;tjym;&Sdonfhteuf trIpGJqkdpOfu wpfOD;OD;uG,fvGefNyD; w&m;vTwfawmfodkY 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r'kwd,t,lcHrItrSwf 35
jzpf½HkrQjzihf trIonf ueOD;uwnf;u ysufjy,fonf[k rqdkEkdif/ jzifh t,lcH0ifa&muf&m om,m0wDc½kdifw&m;½Hk;\ yPmr'Du&D
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toufxif&Sm;&Sdaom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdcGihf&SdvQif w&m;½Hk;u jyefvnftwnfjyKcJhojzifh þw&m;rjyifqifrIudk a':nHa&Tu
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xnfhoGif;Ekdif&ef tqkdvTmudk jyifqifcGihfjyKEkdif rjyKEkdif qufvuf OD;ñGefYarmifrSm 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwGif uG,fvGefoGm;ojzifh
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avQmufxm;oltwGuf - OD;,kpdef? uG,fvGefol OD;ñGefYarmif\ w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf trIwGif
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58 59
2015 jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ odkYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ES i h f avQmufxm;cH&ol (1) (3)twGuf - OD;ausmfvif;? 2015
a':nHa&T a':vS c if t rI (3) pD&ifxHk;onf þjyifqifrItwGuf tajz w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae a':nHa&T
ESifh ESifh
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xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / w&m;rusih f x H k ; Oya'yk ' f r 146 yg trSwf 21 wGif a':nHa&Tu a':jrcif? OD;ñGefYarmif? OD;wifvSwkdY
jy|mef;csuft& wpfOD;wpfa,mufujzpfap? wpfOD;wpfa,muf tay: tarGyykH pön;f pDrcH efcY aJG y;apvkrd pI q
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xnfhoGif;Ekdif&ef tqkdvTmudk jyifqifcGihfjyKEkdif rjyKEkdif qufvuf OD;ñGefYarmifrSm 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwGif uG,fvGefoGm;ojzifh
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2015 xnho f iG ;f ay;&ef avQmufxm;cJo h nf/ avQmufxm;cH&oltrSwf (1) w&m;rjyif q if r I + 2015 ckESpf
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tjzpf xnfhoGif;jcif;rSm Oya'ESihf nDñGwfaMumif;? trIrSm tarGrI qH k ; jzwf c suf / w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg
jzpfNyD; vif\tarGudk ZeD;u jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& qufcH jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;r t,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqikd o
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txm;rsm;t& ay:aygufaMumif;? odkYjzpfí avQmufxm;cH&ol + 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r'kwd,t,lcHrItrSwf 35 wGif csrSwfaom 2014 ckESpf?
trSwf (1) ESifh (3) wkYd a&SUae\ uefu Y u G af vQmufxm;csuu f ykd ,fí atmufwb
dk mv 29 &ufpyJG g yJc;l wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf\ pD&ifcsuEf iS fh
OD ; ñG e f Y a rmif \ ZeD ; a':Munf t m; OD ; ñG e f Y a rmif \ w&m;0if 'Du&Dudk jyifqifrI/
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2015 [lonfrSm trIwpfrIwGif yg0ifaeNyD;jzpfí trItwGif; uG,fvGef ay;yg&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ 2015

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w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg avQmufxm;olbufrw S ifjyonfh tokbzdwpf m? aus;&Gmtkycf sKyaf &;rSL;
jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;rt,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqidk o
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jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ okdYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ES i f h \ aoqHk;rIvufrSwfwkdYt& ay:aygufaMumif;? OD;ñGefYarmifonf
a':vSciftrI(3) pD&ifx;kH onf þjyifqifrt 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f uG,v f eG of mG ;NyjD zpfí þjyifqifrw I ifoiG ;f
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rwlnaD y/ t,lcrH w I iG f tcsi;f jzpftaMumif;jcif;&monf trIonf aooltay: avQmufxm;cH&oltjzpf w&m;bufjyKxm;&ma&muf
rsm;tMum; ay:aygufonfu h pd jö zpfí tqH;k tjzwfc, H &l ef w&m;½H;k ojzifh w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 t& þjyifqifrIwGif
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onfh vkdtyfaom tcsuftvufrsm;ESifh udkufnDrSom w&m;0if &yfpJoGm;aomtrIudk w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 t& touf
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trI z G i h f a qmif & G u f j cif ; jzpf í xk d o d k Y a qmif & G u f & mwG i f wpf O D ; enf;Oya' 4 t& w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfxnfhoGif;jcif;rSm
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aMumif;? uG,fvGefol OD;ñGefYarmiftay: w&m;bufjyKí jyifqifrI aeYrSm 11-12-2014 &ufaeYjzpfonf/ avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf
wifoGif;cJhjcif;onf rlvuyif ysufjy,faeí þjyifqifrIrSm (2) OD;ñGefYarmifaoqHk;onfhaeYrSm 5-10-2014 aeY jzpfaMumif;
&yfpJoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;? pGJqkdonfhtrIrSm tarGyHkypönf; pDrHcefYcGJ avQmufxm;olbufrS wifjyonfh qGrf;oGwfw&m;emzdwfpmESihf
ay;apvkrd jI zpfí OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf uG,v
f eG o
f mG ;NyD jzpfaomaMumifh ewf w vif ; Nrd K Ue,f ? wmyG e f a us;&G m tk y f p k ? tk y f c sKyf a &;rS L ;\
tarGqkdifrsm;vnf; pHkvifawmhrnfr[kwfaMumif;? tarGrIwGif axmuf c H c suf w k d Y t & awG U &S d & onf / od k Y j zpf & m þjyif q if r I
tarGqkdifrpHkvifu trIrSm &yfpJoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;ESifh trIrSm wifoGif;jcif;rjyKrDuyif jyifqifrIavQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2)
atmifjrifawmhrnfr[kwfaMumif; armifapmausmfEkdif yg 5 ESihf OD;ñGefYarmifrSm uG,fvGefNyD;jzpfonfrSm xif&Sm;onf/
a':apmod*Ð yg 4 trI(4) wGif vrf;ñTefxm;aMumif;? odkYjzpfí
a':at;cif yg 4 ESihf a':vSciftrI(3) wGif w&m;r
þjyifqifrw I iG f avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) OD;ñGeaYf rmif\ae&mü
usix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg jy|mef;csurf mS t,lcw H ifoiG ;f
¤if;\ZeD; a':Munftm; w&m;0ifukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf xnhfoGif;
xm;pOftwGif; t,lcHw&m;NydKifuG,fvGefoGm;vQif pnf;urf;owf
ay;&ef avQmufxm;csuftay: vufrcHbJ p&dwfESihfwuG yvyf
umvtwGif; avQmufxm;ygu uG,fvGefol\ae&mwGif w&m;0if
ay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ud, k pf m;vS,x f nfoh iG ;f ay;Ekid af Mumif;? t,lcrH uI rkd wifrD uG,v f eG f
avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) OD;ñGefYarmif\ZeD; cJhNyD;jzpfonfhudpöwGif w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya'
a':Munfu ¤if;\cifyeG ;f OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f 4 t& uG , f v G e f o l \ ae&mwG i f w&m;0if u d k , f p m;vS , f
(3) 1983 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-181/ xnfo h iG ;f jcif; rjyKEidk af Mumif;? w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,x f nfoh iG ;f jcif;
62 63
2015 trIonf\ae&mü Oya'ESihftnD tpm;xkd;jcif;omjzpfaMumif;? uG,fvGefoGm;í tarGudpöESihfywfoufí ¤if;cifyGef;\ Oya't& 2015

a':nHa&T a':nHa&T
avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) OD;ñGefYarmifrSm jyifqifrIrwifoGif; &&Sad om tcGit fh a&;ud&k &S&d ef ¤if;tm; w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,t
f jzpf
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a':jrcif yg 3
a':Munftm; w&m;rusifhxHk; Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 t& uG,v f eG of l OD;ñGeaYf rmif\ w&m;0ifu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf xnfo
h iG ;f
w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf xnfhoGif;Ekdifrnfr[kwfaMumif; oihaf Mumif; wifjyavQmufxm;onf/
a':at;cif yg 4 ES i h f a':vS c if t rI(3) wGif vrf;ñTefxm; þjyifqifru I kd avQmufxm;ol\a&SUaerS wifoiG ;f onfh
aMumif;? uG,fvGefol OD;ñGefYarmiftay: w&m;bufjyKí jyifqifrI aeYrSm 11-12-2014 &ufaeYjzpfonf/ avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf
wifoGif;cJhjcif;onf rlvuyif ysufjy,faeí þjyifqifrIrSm (2) OD;ñGefYarmifaoqHk;onfhaeYrSm 5-10-2014 aeY jzpfaMumif;
&yfpJoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;? pGJqkdonfhtrIrSm tarGyHkypönf; pDrHcefYcGJ avQmufxm;olbufrS wifjyonfh qGrf;oGwfw&m;emzdwfpmESihf
ay;apvkrd jI zpfí OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf uG,v
f eG o
f mG ;NyD jzpfaomaMumifh ewf w vif ; Nrd K Ue,f ? wmyG e f a us;&G m tk y f p k ? tk y f c sKyf a &;rS L ;\
tarGqkdifrsm;vnf; pHkvifawmhrnfr[kwfaMumif;? tarGrIwGif axmuf c H c suf w k d Y t & awG U &S d & onf / od k Y j zpf & m þjyif q if r I
tarGqkdifrpHkvifu trIrSm &yfpJoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;ESifh trIrSm wifoGif;jcif;rjyKrDuyif jyifqifrIavQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2)
atmifjrifawmhrnfr[kwfaMumif; armifapmausmfEkdif yg 5 ESihf OD;ñGefYarmifrSm uG,fvGefNyD;jzpfonfrSm xif&Sm;onf/
a':apmod*Ð yg 4 trI(4) wGif vrf;ñTefxm;aMumif;? odkYjzpfí
a':at;cif yg 4 ESihf a':vSciftrI(3) wGif w&m;r
þjyifqifrw I iG f avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) OD;ñGeaYf rmif\ae&mü
usix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg jy|mef;csurf mS t,lcw H ifoiG ;f
¤if;\ZeD; a':Munftm; w&m;0ifukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf xnhfoGif;
xm;pOftwGif; t,lcHw&m;NydKifuG,fvGefoGm;vQif pnf;urf;owf
ay;&ef avQmufxm;csuftay: vufrcHbJ p&dwfESihfwuG yvyf
umvtwGif; avQmufxm;ygu uG,fvGefol\ae&mwGif w&m;0if
ay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ud, k pf m;vS,x f nfoh iG ;f ay;Ekid af Mumif;? t,lcrH uI rkd wifrD uG,v f eG f
avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) OD;ñGefYarmif\ZeD; cJhNyD;jzpfonfhudpöwGif w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya'
a':Munfu ¤if;\cifyeG ;f OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f 4 t& uG , f v G e f o l \ ae&mwG i f w&m;0if u d k , f p m;vS , f
(3) 1983 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-181/ xnfo h iG ;f jcif; rjyKEidk af Mumif;? w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,x f nfoh iG ;f jcif;
64 61
2015 [lonfrSm trIwpfrIwGif yg0ifaeNyD;jzpfí trItwGif; uG,fvGef ay;yg&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ 2015

a':nHa&T a':nHa&T
oGm;aom trIonf\ae&mü Oya'ESihftnD tpm;xkd;jcif;om avQmufxm;cH&oltrSwf (1) ESifh (3) wkdY\a&SUaeu
ESifh ESifh
a':jrcif yg 3
jzpfaMumif; xH;k zGUJ xm;onf/ pD&ifx;kH zGUJ onft
h rIrmS w&m;rt,lcrH I avQmufxm;cH&oltrSwf (2) OD;ñGefYarmifonf þjyifqifrI a':jrcif yg 3
jzpfonf/ ,cktrIrSm w&m;rjyifqifrIjzpfonf/ rwifoGif;rD 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwGif uG,fvGefoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;
w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf;Oya' 4 yg avQmufxm;olbufrw S ifjyonfh tokbzdwpf m? aus;&Gmtkycf sKyaf &;rSL;
jy|mef;csurf sm;onf w&m;rrI? w&m;rt,lcrH rI sm;ESifh oufqidk o
f nf/ \ axmufcHcsufwkdYtjyif ewfwvif;NrdKUe,f? usef;rma&;OD;pD;Xme
jyifqifrIESihf tusHK;r0ifacs/ okdYjzpfí a':at;cif yg 4 ES i f h \ aoqHk;rIvufrSwfwkdYt& ay:aygufaMumif;? OD;ñGefYarmifonf
a':vSciftrI(3) pD&ifx;kH onf þjyifqifrt 5-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f uG,v f eG of mG ;NyjD zpfí þjyifqifrw I ifoiG ;f
I wGuf tajzr[kwaf y/
pOfuyif OD;ñGefYarmif\ tarGqufcHcGihf&Sdol ZeD; a':Munftm;
t,lcrH EI iS fh jyifqifraI vQmufxm;rIwo Ydk nf xyfwx l yfrQ avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (2) tjzpf xnhfoGif;cJhjcif;r&SdaMumif;?
rwlnaD y/ t,lcrH w I iG f tcsi;f jzpftaMumif;jcif;&monf trIonf aooltay: avQmufxm;cH&oltjzpf w&m;bufjyKxm;&ma&muf
rsm;tMum; ay:aygufonfu h pd jö zpfí tqH;k tjzwfc, H &l ef w&m;½H;k ojzifh w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 t& þjyifqifrIwGif
a&SUwGif vkdtyfonfhtcsuftvufrsm; &Sd r&Sd trIonfrsm;u pdppf w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpf xnho f iG ;f jcif;jyKEidk f rnfr[kwaf Mumif;?
wifjy&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYjzpf&m t,lcHrIwGif trItawmtwGif; a':&if&ifa0 ESihf OD;xGef;jrifhtrI(1) wGif vrf;ñTefxm;aMumif;?
uG,fvGefoGm;aom trIonf\ae&mwGif w&m;0ifukd,fpm;vS,f w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 146 yg jy|mef;csuo f nf w&m;rusix hf ;kH
xnfo h iG ;f jcif;onf w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 22 wGif jy|mef;xm; Oya'trdefY 22 yg jy|mef;csufudk y,fzsufjcif;rjyKEkdifaMumif;?
onfh vkdtyfaom tcsuftvufrsm;ESifh udkufnDrSom w&m;0if &yfpJoGm;aomtrIudk w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 t& touf
ud,k pf m;vS,f xnfo h iG ;f Ekid rf nfjzpfonf/ jyifqifrw I iG f w&m;½H;k onf jyefroGif;EkdifaMumif;? trftD;tdkcef;ESihf trftdyfcsftufpfar;vf
rdrod wdjyKrad om epfemrIukd ukpm;&eftwGuf rdro d abmtavsmuf trI(2) wGif vrf;ñTefxm;aMumif;? w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22?
trI z G i h f a qmif & G u f j cif ; jzpf í xk d o d k Y a qmif & G u f & mwG i f wpf O D ; enf;Oya' 4 t& w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfxnfhoGif;jcif;rSm
wpfa,muftm; Mum;emppfaq;jcif;r&SdbJ trdefYcsrSwfjcif;jzifh trIwpfrIwGif yg0ifaeNyD; trItawmtwGif; uG,fvGefoGm;aom
trIonfrsm;tm; epfemrIjzpfay:aprnfjzpfí trIonftm;vHk;udk (1) 2005 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-98/
68 65
2015 jy|mef;csufESihftnD uG,fvGefol OD;ñGefYarmif\ tarGpm;tarGcH Mum;em&ef vdt

k yfonf/ odjYk zpfí jyifqifrzI iG v
fh pS af qmif&uG &f mwGif 2015
a':nHa&T a':nHa&T
odkYr[kwf tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdoltay: pGJqkdjcif;? avQmufxm;jcif; aoqH;k aomtrIonfrsm;\ oifah vsmaf om w&m;0ifu, kd pf m;vS,f
ESifh ESifh
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quf v uf í uG , f v G e f o l OD ; ñG e Y f a rmif t ay: eD&if'&mul;rm; qD;vf (c) 'gbif'&mul;rm;qD;vftrI(5) udk
w&m;bufjyKí jyifqifrIwifoGif;cJhjcif;onf rlvuyif ysufjy,f &nfñeT ;f onf/
aeí þjyifqifrIrSm &yfpJoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; avQmufxm;cH&ol OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf jyifqifrrI wifoiG ;f cifuyif uG,v f eG f
trSwf (1) ESifh (3) wkdY\ a&SUaeavQmufxm;csufudk qufvuf cJhNyD;jzpfí aooltay: w&m;bufjyKvkyf&ma&mufojzifh w&m;r
oHk;oyf&efvdkonf/ usix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 146 t& þjyifqifrw I iG f w&m;0ifu,
kd pf m;vS,f
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atmufygtwkdif; xHk;zGJUxm;onf- trI(1) wGif vrf;ñTefxm;aMumif; avQmufxm;cH&ol trSwf (1)
ESihf (3) wkYd a&SUae\ avQmufxm;csuu f kd qufvufppd pf&efvo dk nf/
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wifoGif;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ odkYjzpf&m a':at;cifwkdY oabmt& tarGpm;tarGcH odrYk [kwf wpfO;D wpfa,muf\ tusKd ;
wifoGif;onfh t,lcHrSm r&Sdonfhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;tm; udk qufcHolonf uG,fvGefolpGJqkdxm;aomtrI (uG,fvGefjcif;
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aom t,lcHrIwGif a':vScif\ae&mü OD;ayg\ jy|mef;csufudk y,fzsufjcif; rjyKojzifh &yfpJoGm;aomtrIudkrl
trnfudk tpm;xkd;jcif;jzihf ueOD;uyif ysufjy,fae ,if;Oya'yk'frt& toufjyefroGif;EkdifaMumif; ñTefjyxm;onf/
onfh t,lcHrIudk w&m;0ifatmif jyKjyifukpm;í r& OD;ñGeaYf rmifonf 5-10-2014 aeYu uG,v
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2015 35^2014 trItawmtwGi;f uG,v f eG cf jhJ cif;jzpfonf/ uG,v f eG of l xnhfoGif;Ekdifonf/ xkdokdYxnfhoGif;&ef avQmufxm;zkdYrvkday/ 2015
a':nHa&T OD;ñGefYarmif\ae&mwGif w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf xnhfoGif; a':nHa&T
ESifh w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 yg jy|mef;csuft& ESifh
ay;&ef avQmufxm;cJjh cif;r&So
d jzifh w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'trdeYf 22?
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aemufrS uG,fvGefjcif;jzpf&m w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 22? enf; jcif;jyKEidk o
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Oya' 4 (3) t& uG,fvGefol OD;ñGefYarmiftay: trI&yfpJjcif; w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 yg jy|mef;csufonf
r&Sdacs/ trdefY 22 yg jy|mef;csufudk y,fzsufjcif;rjyKojzihf &yfpJoGm;aom
xkaYd Mumifh w&m;NyKd io
f nf trIMum;emNy;D aemuf pD&ifcsuf trIudkrl ,if;Oya'yk'frt& toufroGif;Ekdifacs/
rcsrD uG,fvGefoGm;vQif w&m;vdkonf 'Du&Dudk t,lcHaomtcg txufwiG f oH;k oyfco hJ nft
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66 67
2015 35^2014 trItawmtwGi;f uG,v f eG cf jhJ cif;jzpfonf/ uG,v f eG of l xnhfoGif;Ekdifonf/ xkdokdYxnfhoGif;&ef avQmufxm;zkdYrvkday/ 2015
a':nHa&T OD;ñGefYarmif\ae&mwGif w&m;0ifudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf xnhfoGif; a':nHa&T
ESifh w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya'yk'fr 146 yg jy|mef;csuft& ESifh
ay;&ef avQmufxm;cJjh cif;r&So
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a':jrcif yg 3 wpf O D ; wpf a ,muf u jzpf a p? wpf O D ; wpf a ,muf t ay:jzpf a p a':jrcif yg 3
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f Qif xko
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ueOD;uwnf;u ysufjy,fonf[k rqdkEkdif/ trIrSm wpfOD;xuf
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what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is &Sdaom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdcGihf&SdvQif w&m;½Hk;u pdppf&efrSm
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ueOD;uwnf;u ysufjy,fonf[k rqdkEkdif/ trIrSm wpfOD;xuf
3. That an inquiry be made and account taken of ykdaom w&m;NydKifrsm;tay: pGJqkdaomtrIjzpfNyD; toufxif&Sm;
what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is &Sdaom w&m;NydKiftay: pGJqkdcGihf&SdvQif w&m;½Hk;u pdppf&efrSm
entitled to as next-of-kin [or one of the next-of- uG,fvGefolonf trIwGif rygrjzpfyg0if&ef vkdtyfaom trIonf
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ay;&efvkdonf/ odkY&mwGif rnfonfhypönf;onf tarGyHkypönf;jzpf trIwGif rygrjzpf yg0if&rnfhtrIonfjzpfonf/
onf/ rnfonfhypönf;onf txufygypön;f jzpfonf ponfjzifh txufwiG f oH;k oyfco
hJ nft
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J jzifhvnf;aumif;? þtrIonf jyifqifrjI zpfí
rumMuLarT ; trI (2)? a':wif M unf E S i f h a':trmtrI (3) ?
(6) 1949 ckESpf? rwp 177 (w&m;vTwfawmf)/
OD;bkdBuD;ESifh OD;udkBuD;trI(4)? a':aiGvdIif yg 8 ESifh OD;vSaqmif
(7) 1966 ckESpf? rwp 893/
76 73
2015 tarGa0pk 8 yHk 3 yHk r& xkdufaMumif;? w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif; yg 3 trI(5) rsm;udk Munfhyg/ 2015
a':wifyk yg 7 a':wifyk yg 7
ray:aygufaMumif;? umv pnf;urf;owfausmfvGefaeaMumif;? xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / rnfonfhypönf;onf tarGyHkypönf;jzpf
ESifh ESifh
a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 OD;oDvSESifh a':zGm;rSifwkdY aygif;oif;pOf txufygypönf;rusef&Sdí onf? rnfonfyh pön;f onf txufygypön;f jzpfonfukd yPmr'Du&D a':jrifhjrifh yg 7
cGJay;&ef wm0efr&SdaMumif; acsyonf/ wGif qH;k jzwf&efr[kwaf omfvnf; tqkt d acsrsm;t& tarGyykH pön;f
w&m;NydKiftrSwf (8) u ajzmifhqkdvTmwifoGif;onf/ usef&SdaMumif; tjiif;ryGm;bJ tarGyHkypönf;rSm txufygypönf;jzpf
onf? vufxufyGm;ypönf;jzpfonf ponfjzifh tjiif;yGm;aevQif
rEÅav;c½kid w f &m;½H;k u a':atmifcifonf OD;oDv\ S
txufygypön;f rS 8 yHk 3 yHk &xku d af Mumif; yPmr'Du&Dcsrw S Nf y;D aemuf
txufygypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk? vufxufyGm;ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHkudk
aumfr&SifemcefYtyfí tarGyHkypönf;aumuf,lcGJa0ap&m jyefvnf
wifoiG ;f aom aumfr&Sief m\ tpD&ifcpH mtay: twnfjyKí tarG&iS f
odrYk o
f \Ydk &ykid cf iG w
fh u
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OD;oDv\ S tarGyykH pön;f jzpfonfh rEÅav;NrKd U? atmifajrompHNrKd Ue,f?
rSwrf w S f azmfjyEkid rf nfjzpfonf/
tESyd af wmf&yfuuG ?f tuGut f rSwf 49? OD;ydik t
f rSwf 16 ajruGuEf iS hf
ajray:&Sd taqmufttHu k kd avvHwifa&mif;csNy;D &&So d nfah iGrS 8 yHk t,lcHw&m;vkdrsm;twGuf - OD;ñGeaYf 0? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
3 yHk udk w&m;vdktm; cGJa0ay;ap&ef tNyD;owf'Du&DcsrSwfonf/ t,lcw
H &m;NyKd i(f 1) rS (6)twGuf - OD;*RefvsefZrf;?
rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu t,lcHrIudk w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
t,lcwH &m;NyKd if (7) twGuf - OD;atmifausmOf ;D ?
p&dwEf iS w
hf uG yvyfonf/
w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
t,lcw H &m;vkrd sm;\a&SUaeu yPmr'Du&DrmS w&m;vkd
twGuf &xkdufaomtpkudk owfrSwfay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? yPmr rEÅav;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf
'Du&DtqifhwGif rnfonfhypönf;udk tarGypönf;[k qHk;jzwfEkdifjcif; 524 wGif a':atmifcifu a':wifyk yg 8 OD;wkdYtay: tarGyHk
r&Sd[k vrf;ñTefpD&ifxHk;&SdaMumif;? aumfr&Sifemjzifhppfaq;NyD;rS ypönf;pDrHcefYcGJay;apvkdrIpGJqkd&m a':atmifcifonf OD;oDvS\
rnfonfhypönf;onf txufygvufxufyGm;[k qHk;jzwf&efjzpfyg txufygypönf;rS 8 yHk 3 yHk &xkdufaMumif; yPmr'Du&D&&Sdonf/
74 75
2015 c½kid w
f &m;½H;k u aumfr&Sief mceft
Y yfí tarGyykH pön;f pm&if; aumuf,l tdrfwGif vkdufaeaMumif;? OD;oDvSESifh a':a':ausmfwGif rcifñGefY? 2015
um aumfr&Sief m\tpD&ifcpH mtay: twnfjyKred cYf srw S Nf y;D aemuf a':wifyk? OD;xdef0if;? OD;Mumarmif? OD;atmifpdk;? OD;rsdK;jrifh? a':EkEk?
ESifh ESifh
tarG&iS f OD;oDv\ S tarGyykH pön;f jzpfonfh rEÅav;NrKd U? atmifajrompH a':pkpkwkdYudk arG;zGm;cJhaMumif;? rcifñGefYrSm arG;zGm;NyD; rMumrD
a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 a':jrifhjrifh yg 7
NrdKUe,f? tESdyfawmf&yfuGuf? tuGuftrSwf 49? OD;ykdiftrSwf 16 aoqHk;aMumif;? OD;rsdK;jrifhrSm a':wifwifpdefESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD;
ajruGuf ESifh ajray:&Sd taqmufttHu k kd avvHwifa&mif;csNy;D &&Sd uG,v
f eG af Mumif;? OD;oDvES iS hf a':a':ausmw
f Ydk aygif;oif;pOf rnfonfh
onfhaiGrS 8 yHk 3 yHk udk w&m;vdktm; tcsdK;usykdif;jcm; cGJa0ay;ap vufxufymG ;ypön;f rQ xGe;f um;cJjh cif;r&Sad Mumif;? OD;oDvo
S nf 1969
&eftwGuf tNyD;owf'Du&DcsrSwfonf/ xkd'Du&Dudk auseyfrIr&Sdí ckESpfwGifvnf;aumif;? a':a':ausmfonf 2008 ckESpfwGifvnf;
a':wifyk yg 7 OD; wkdYrS rEÅav;wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfoYkd aumif; uG,fvGefaMumif;? OD;oDvS\ txufygypönf;rSm a':EkEk?
t,lcHwifoGif;aomfvnf; atmifjrifrIr&&Sdojzihf jynfaxmifpk a':pkpkwkdY vuf0,fusef&SdaMumif;? a':atmifcifonf OD;oDvSESifh
w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f dkY þt,lcHrIudk wifoGif;jcif;jzpfonf/
a':zGm;rSifwkdY\ orD;t&if;jzpfNyD; a':oef;oef;aX;onf tarGrD
tqkv d mT wGif OD;oDvES iS hf a':zGm;rSiw f Ydk tdraf xmifusNy;D ajr;jzpfaMumif;? OD;oDvS\ txufygypönf;wGif tarGa0pk\ 8 yHk
atmifajrompHNrdKUe,f? tESdyfawmf&yf? 19 vrf;wGif tdrftaqmuf 3 yHk &xkdufcGihf&SdaMumif; tqkdjyKonf/
ttHkaqmufvkyfaexkdifNyD; roef;wif? a':pdefar? a':atmifcif?
w&m;NyKd it
f rSwf (1) rS (7) xdwu
Ydk a':zGm;rSiEf iS hf OD;oDvS
armifcsuBf u;D ? rcifrtrnf&dS om;orD; (5) OD; arG;zGm;cJ&h m roef;wif
wko
Yd nf tcsi;f jzpfajruGuw
f iG f aexkid cf jhJ cif;r&Sb
d J tcsi;f jzpfajr\
onf (13) ESpft&G,füvnf;aumif;? armifcsufBuD;rSm (7) vom;
awmifbuf&Sd &yfuGuftwGif;ü aexkdifcJhaMumif;? OD;oDvSESifh
t&G,füvnf;aumif;? rcifrrSm (3) ESpft&G,füvnf;aumif;
a':a':ausmw
f o
Ydk nf tcsi;f jzpfae&mvGwu
f kd ckwx
f iG &f iS ;f vif;um
uG,fvGefcJhaMumif;? a':pdefaronf OD;ydkESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD;
roef;oef;aX;udk arG;zGm;um 1983 ckEpS w f iG v
f nf;aumif;? OD;ydok nf aetdraf qmufvyk af exkid cf ahJ Mumif;? 6-12-1961 aeY ESihf 1962 ckEpS f
1984 ckEpS w f iG f vnf;aumif; uG,v f eG cf ahJ Mumif;? a':atmifcifonf wkdYwGif ajr*&efavQmufxm;í OD;oDvS*&eftrnfayguf&&Sdí
OD;bkdeDESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD; om;orD; (7) OD; arG;zGm;cJhaMumif;? tcsif ; jzpf ajrES i f h td r f r S m OD ; oD v S E S i f h a':a':ausmf w k d Y \
a':zGm;rSifonf 1937 ckESpfwGif uG,fvGefum 1938 ckESpfwGif vufxufyGm;ypönf; jzpfaMumif;? tcsif;jzpfajruGufwGif 1951
OD;oDvSonf a':a':ausmfESifh xyfrHtdrfaxmifjyKí tcsif;jzpf ckEpS u
f aetdraf qmufvyk f aexkid cf ahJ om vufxufymG ;ypön;f jzpfí
74 75
2015 c½kid w
f &m;½H;k u aumfr&Sief mceft
Y yfí tarGyykH pön;f pm&if; aumuf,l tdrfwGif vkdufaeaMumif;? OD;oDvSESifh a':a':ausmfwGif rcifñGefY? 2015
um aumfr&Sief m\tpD&ifcpH mtay: twnfjyKred cYf srw S Nf y;D aemuf a':wifyk? OD;xdef0if;? OD;Mumarmif? OD;atmifpdk;? OD;rsdK;jrifh? a':EkEk?
ESifh ESifh
tarG&iS f OD;oDv\ S tarGyykH pön;f jzpfonfh rEÅav;NrKd U? atmifajrompH a':pkpkwkdYudk arG;zGm;cJhaMumif;? rcifñGefYrSm arG;zGm;NyD; rMumrD
NrdKUe,f? tESdyfawmf&yfuGuf? tuGuftrSwf 49? OD;ykdiftrSwf 16 aoqHk;aMumif;? OD;rsdK;jrifhrSm a':wifwifpdefESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD;
ajruGuf ESifh ajray:&Sd taqmufttHu k kd avvHwifa&mif;csNy;D &&Sd uG,v
f eG af Mumif;? OD;oDvES iS hf a':a':ausmw
f Ydk aygif;oif;pOf rnfonfh
onfhaiGrS 8 yHk 3 yHk udk w&m;vdktm; tcsdK;usykdif;jcm; cGJa0ay;ap vufxufymG ;ypön;f rQ xGe;f um;cJjh cif;r&Sad Mumif;? OD;oDvo
S nf 1969
&eftwGuf tNyD;owf'Du&DcsrSwfonf/ xkd'Du&Dudk auseyfrIr&Sdí ckESpfwGifvnf;aumif;? a':a':ausmfonf 2008 ckESpfwGifvnf;
a':wifyk yg 7 OD; wkdYrS rEÅav;wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfoYkd aumif; uG,fvGefaMumif;? OD;oDvS\ txufygypönf;rSm a':EkEk?
t,lcHwifoGif;aomfvnf; atmifjrifrIr&&Sdojzihf jynfaxmifpk a':pkpkwkdY vuf0,fusef&SdaMumif;? a':atmifcifonf OD;oDvSESifh
w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f dkY þt,lcHrIudk wifoGif;jcif;jzpfonf/
a':zGm;rSifwkdY\ orD;t&if;jzpfNyD; a':oef;oef;aX;onf tarGrD
tqkv d mT wGif OD;oDvES iS hf a':zGm;rSiw f Ydk tdraf xmifusNy;D ajr;jzpfaMumif;? OD;oDvS\ txufygypönf;wGif tarGa0pk\ 8 yHk
atmifajrompHNrdKUe,f? tESdyfawmf&yf? 19 vrf;wGif tdrftaqmuf 3 yHk &xkdufcGihf&SdaMumif; tqkdjyKonf/
ttHkaqmufvkyfaexkdifNyD; roef;wif? a':pdefar? a':atmifcif?
w&m;NyKd it
f rSwf (1) rS (7) xdwu
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armifcsuBf u;D ? rcifrtrnf&dS om;orD; (5) OD; arG;zGm;cJ&h m roef;wif
wko
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f iG f aexkid cf jhJ cif;r&Sb
d J tcsi;f jzpfajr\
onf (13) ESpft&G,füvnf;aumif;? armifcsufBuD;rSm (7) vom;
awmifbuf&Sd &yfuGuftwGif;ü aexkdifcJhaMumif;? OD;oDvSESifh
t&G,füvnf;aumif;? rcifrrSm (3) ESpft&G,füvnf;aumif;
a':a':ausmw
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Ydk nf tcsi;f jzpfae&mvGwu
f kd ckwx
f iG &f iS ;f vif;um
uG,fvGefcJhaMumif;? a':pdefaronf OD;ydkESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD;
roef;oef;aX;udk arG;zGm;um 1983 ckEpS w f iG v
f nf;aumif;? OD;ydok nf aetdraf qmufvyk af exkid cf ahJ Mumif;? 6-12-1961 aeY ESihf 1962 ckEpS f
1984 ckEpS w f iG f vnf;aumif; uG,v f eG cf ahJ Mumif;? a':atmifcifonf wkdYwGif ajr*&efavQmufxm;í OD;oDvS*&eftrnfayguf&&Sdí
OD;bkdeDESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD; om;orD; (7) OD; arG;zGm;cJhaMumif;? tcsif ; jzpf ajrES i f h td r f r S m OD ; oD v S E S i f h a':a':ausmf w k d Y \
a':zGm;rSifonf 1937 ckESpfwGif uG,fvGefum 1938 ckESpfwGif vufxufyGm;ypönf; jzpfaMumif;? tcsif;jzpfajruGufwGif 1951
OD;oDvSonf a':a':ausmfESifh xyfrHtdrfaxmifjyKí tcsif;jzpf ckEpS u
f aetdraf qmufvyk f aexkid cf ahJ om vufxufymG ;ypön;f jzpfí
76 73
2015 tarGa0pk 8 yHk 3 yHk r& xkdufaMumif;? w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif; yg 3 trI(5) rsm;udk Munfhyg/ 2015
ray:aygufaMumif;? umv pnf;urf;owfausmfvGefaeaMumif;? xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / rnfonfhypönf;onf tarGyHkypönf;jzpf
ESifh ESifh
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cGJay;&ef wm0efr&SdaMumif; acsyonf/ wGif qH;k jzwf&efr[kwaf omfvnf; tqkt d acsrsm;t& tarGyykH pön;f
w&m;NydKiftrSwf (8) u ajzmifhqkdvTmwifoGif;onf/ usef&SdaMumif; tjiif;ryGm;bJ tarGyHkypönf;rSm txufygypönf;jzpf
onf? vufxufyGm;ypönf;jzpfonf ponfjzifh tjiif;yGm;aevQif
rEÅav;c½kid w f &m;½H;k u a':atmifcifonf OD;oDv\ S
txufygypön;f rS 8 yHk 3 yHk &xku d af Mumif; yPmr'Du&Dcsrw S Nf y;D aemuf
txufygypönf;\ b,fESpfyHk? vufxufyGm;ypönf;\ b,fESpfyHkudk
aumfr&SifemcefYtyfí tarGyHkypönf;aumuf,lcGJa0ap&m jyefvnf
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tESyd af wmf&yfuuG ?f tuGut f rSwf 49? OD;ydik t
f rSwf 16 ajruGuEf iS hf
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hf uG yvyfonf/
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twGuf &xkdufaomtpkudk owfrSwfay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? yPmr rEÅav;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf
'Du&DtqifhwGif rnfonfhypönf;udk tarGypönf;[k qHk;jzwfEkdifjcif; 524 wGif a':atmifcifu a':wifyk yg 8 OD;wkdYtay: tarGyHk
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arG;zGm;cJh&m rcifñGefYonf arG;zGm;NyD;rMumrDwGifvnf;aumif;? ypönf;rsm;[k ay:aygufaeaMumif;? yPmr'Du&DESihf tNyD;owf
OD;rsdK;jrifhonf a':wifwifpdefESifh tdrfaxmifusNyD;aemufwGif 'Du&DrSm uGJjym;jcm;em;&rnfjzpfaMumif;? a':wifykwkdY\ tarGyHk
vnf ; aumif ; ? OD ; oD v S o nf 1969 ck E S p f w G i f v nf ; aumif ; ? tcsdK;udk xdckdufapaMumif;? a':atmifcifonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh
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atmifajrompHNrKd Ue,f? tESyd af wmf&yfuu G ?f 19 vrf;? tuGut f rSwf
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ppfjzpfí wJrD;avmifojzifh jyefaqmuf&aMumif;? u&if0ifí wJ what or of what share, if any, the plaintiff is en-
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f ¤if;0,f,x l m;onfah jray:wGif topfwnfaqmuf (1) ESihf (2) wkt Yd m; a&&&Sad &;twGuf yku d o f ,G w f ef;rnfjzpfaMumif; 2015
ay;cJhNyD;jzpfaMumif;? vkyfief;aqmif&GufaepOf wkduf (1) ESihf (2) ESifh a&yku d rf sm;oG,jf cif;tpDtpOfukd 15-7-2014 aeYwiG f aqmif&u G f
ESifh ESifh
XmerSL;?
ae jynforl sm;rS 0ifa&mufaESmif, h u S jf cif;r&Sad Mumif;? &efuek Nf rKd Uawmf rnfjzpfaMumif; taMumif;Mum;cJhonf/ avQmufxm;ol OD;ae0if; XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? pnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD? tif*sief , D mXme (a&ESio fh ef&Y iS ;f rI) \ yg 91 OD;u XmerSL; (tif*sief , D m? a&ESio
hf ef&Y iS ;f rI) &efuek Nf rKd Uawmf tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI 4-7-2014 &ufpyJG g pmjzifh wku d f (1) ESihf (2) om,ma&;aumfrwDoYkd pnf y if o m,ma&;aumf r wD \ txuf y gaqmif & G u f r I o nf a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf 15-7-2014 &uf a eY w G i f a&&&S d a &;twG u f yk d u f o G , f w ef ; rdrw d iG &f odS nfh pD&ifyidk cf iG t
hf mPmxuf ausmv f eG í f vkyyf idk cf iG rfh &Sb
d J &efukefNrdKUawmf
aqmif&Gufay;rnfhudpö taMumif;Mum;cJhaMumif;? 2013 ckESpf? vkyfudkifxm;jcif;jzpfaMumif; azmfjyí jynfaxmifpkw&m;pD&ifa&;
aumfrwD aumfrwD
&efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyif om,ma&;Oya'yk'fr 11 (b) ESihf yk'fr Oya'yk'rf 16 (u) (3) t& wm;jrpfap pmcReaf wmftrdex Yf w k q f ifh
25 (u) rS (C) wkdYt& &efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyifom,ma&;taejzifh ay;&ef avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
a&ay;a&;vkyif ef;ESifh pyfvsO;f í aqmif&u G af y;&ef wm0ef&adS Mumif;? avQmufxm;olrsm;\ avQmufxm;vTmESifh usr;f used v f mT
avQmufxm;cH&oltaejzifh &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; tpdk;&tzGJU\ wkdYwGif avQmufxm;cH&olrS avQmufxm;olrsm;aexkdifvsuf&Sdaom
taMumif;Mum;pmt& wku d f (1) ESihf (2) okYd a&jzefaY 0ay;&eftwGuf tif;pdev f rf;rBu;D ESihf vSn;f wef;vrf;raxmif?h (3) &yfuu G ?f urm&Gwf
a&ykdufqufoG,fjcif;tpDtpOftm; wkdufom,ma&;aumfrwDodkY NrKd Ue,f&dS wku
d tf rSwf (1) ESihf (2) wkt Yd m; a&&&Sad &;twGuf yku d of ,G f
taMumif;Mum;cJhjcif;rSm ¤if;tm; Oya't&tyfESif;xm;aom wef;rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf tqdyk g a&yku d o
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avQmufxm;olrsm; wifjyouJhodkY taqmufttHkwGif aexkdif cJyh gonf/ xko d Ydk aqmif&u G rf rI sm; jyKvyk rf nfukd wku d t
f rSwf (1) ESihf
olrsm;\ oabmwlcGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ? BudKwiftoday;jcif;r&SdbJ (2) wGif aexkid v f su&f adS om avQmufxm;olrsm;xH BuKd wifw&m;0if
avQmuf x m;cH & ol o nf rd r d o abmtavsmuf a&yk d u f r sm; taMumif;Mum;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? xkdokdY a&&&Sda&; ykdufoG,fwef;rnfh
oG,w f ef;jcif;? ajymif;a&TUjcif;rsm; jyKvyk o f nf[k ray:aygufaMumif;? udpörSm avQmufxm;olrsm;twGuf trSefwu,faqmif&Gufay;&ef
&efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD\ aqmif&GufcsufrSm vkdtyfjcif;r&SdaMumif;? wkduf (2) vHk; pwifaqmufvkyfpOfuyif
w&m;½Hk; okdYr[kwf w&m;pD&ifrIoabmouf0ifonfh udpö&yf taqmufttHkaemufaz; rdv’muef? t0DpdwGif;ESifh a&pufwkdY
wpfckck\ pD&ifaqmif&GufrIr[kwfbJ &efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyif
qufo, G xf m;onfh a&yku d v
f idk ;f rsm;jzihf w&m;0iftaqmufttHyk pkH H
96 93
2015 oabmwlcGifhjyKcsufr&SdbJ 0,f,lNyD; vufa&muf&,lí taqmuf om,ma&;aumfrwD\ pDrHcefYcGJrIqkdif&m vkyfykdifcGihfudpöjzpfí 2015

OD;ae0if; yg 91 tODopf aqmufvyk &f eftvdUk iSm ESpaf ygif; (20) ausmf w&m;vdrk sm; wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqihf&rnfh trIudpör[kwfaMumif; OD;ae0if; yg 91
ESifh ESifh
vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaeonfh a&? rD;? rdv’m? um;ywfvrf;? awGU&S&d ygojzifh avQmufxm;rItm; yvyfonfh trdew
Yf pf&yf csrw
S f
XmerSL;? XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme?
um;yguifae&m tcif;tusif;rsm;udk zsufqD;ajymif;a&TUjcif;? ay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI ajrwl;jcif;rsm;udk jyKvyk af eí xko d Ykd rjyKvyk f ap&ef w&m;NyKd it f ay: avQmuf x m;ol r sm;\ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf tNrw J rf;wm;jrpfred Yf xkwaf y;apvkrd }I } udk 14-3-2014 &ufaeYwiG f avQmufxm;cH&ol\ wku d t f rSwf (1) (2) odYk a&&Sad tmif oG,w f ef; &efukefNrdKUawmf
pnfyifom,ma&; pGJqkdxm;NyD; OD;aZmfrkd;ckdifrS trI&ifqkdif ajz&Sif;ae&aMumif;? wyfqifay;rnft h pDtpOfEiS fh aqmif&u G rf o
I nf wku d t
f rSwf (1) (2)
pnfyifom,ma&;
aumfrwD w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 80 t& (2) v BudKwifí ay;ydkY&aom aumfrwD
wGif aexkid o
f rl sm;twGuf trSew f u,fyif a&oH;k pG&J ef vktd yfrrI &Sbd ?J
taMumif;Mum;pmtay: tajccHívnf; avQmufxm;olrsm;onf avQmufxm;olrsm;\ oabmwlcGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ OD;aZmfrkd;ckdif\
txufygtrIwGif ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf? NrdKU&GmESihf tkd;tdrfzGHUNzdK;rI aiGaMu;tpDtpOfjzifh aqmufvyk x f m;aom a&puf? a&avSmifuef?
OD;pD;Xme (½Hk;csKyf)? aqmufvkyfa&;0efBuD;Xme? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf? tcif;tusif;rsm;rSwpfqifh wkduftrSwf (1) (2) odkY a&oG,fwef;
ukefoG,fa&;ñTefMum;rIOD;pD;Xme? okawoeESihf jynfolYqufqHa&; wyfqifrIudk ajymif;vTJtoHk;jyKapNyD; vlwpfa,mufaumif;pm;a&;
XmecG?J pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBu;D XmewkYd (2) OD;tm; twGuf oG,f0kdufaomenf;jzifh aqmif&Guf&ma&mufaeonfhtjyif
aemufwkd;w&m;NydKiftjzpf xnhfoGif;Mum;emqHk;jzwfcGihfjyK&efjzihf avQmufxm;cH&olwkdYwkdufae vkyfom;jynfolrsm;\ ESpfaygif; (20)
vnf; avQmufxm;&ef pDpOfxm;&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;cH&olwkdY ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdonfh a&ESihf rdv’mtcif;tusif;
XmetaeES i f h avQmuf x m;ol w k d Y aexk d i f o nf h w k d u f o d k Y wk d u f (ta[mif;) udk aemiftcg toH;k rjyKEidk o f nftxd uefo Y wfzsuo f rd ;f
om,ma&;aumfrwD[k vdyrf w l yfNy;D ta&;,laqmif&u G &f eftoday; oGm;ap&ef &nf&, G Nf y;D vkyaf qmif&ma&mufonft h wGuf qufvufí
taMumif;Mum;vmrIonf pnfyifom,mOya'? vkyx f ;kH vkyef nf;rsm; xkduJhodkY vkyfaqmifjcif;r&Sdap&ef tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefY?
ESifh nDñw G rf rI &So
d nft
h wGuaf Mumifv h nf;aumif;? wku d af e vkyo f m; trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefYrsm; xkwfqifhí wm;jrpfapoifhaMumif;?
jynforl sm;\ oabmwlciG jfh yKcsurf &Sb d J ¤if;wko
Yd abmjzifh vkyyf ikd cf iG fh wku
d tf rSwf (1) ESihf (2) wGif aexkid af om avQmufxm;oltygt0if
r&SdonfhtwGufaMumifhvnf;aumif;? tcsif;jzpftaqmuftOD (2)
aexkdifolrsm;tm;vHk; vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJrI&Sdonfh a&ESifh rdv’mtcif;
vH;k wGif a&udpt ö vkUd iSm avQmufxm;olwXYdk metaeESifh taMumif;
tusif;rsm; wnfaqmufwyfqiftoHk;jyKaeaom ajrae&mtcif;
Mum;pmygtwkdif; aqmif&Guf&ef vkdtyfaejcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf
tusi;f onf wku d tf rSwf (1) (2) aemufbuf&dS Service Area wGif
94 95
2015 taqmuftOD pwifaqmufvyk pf Ofuwnf;u taqmuftODaexkid f cefrY eS ;f tus,t f 0ef; ay 20_90 cef&Y dS ajruGut
f vGwu f kd jynfjrefrm 2015
olrsm;\ a&ESifh rdv’mudpötvkdUiSm wyfqifwnfaqmuf toHk;jyK ukefwkduftm; avvHypfa&mif;csNyD;onfhaemufydkif; OD;aZmfrkd;ckdif\
ESifh ESifh
XmerSL;?
aejcif;jzpfovkd ,if;ajrae&monf NrdKU&GmESihf tdk;tdrfzGHUNzdK;a&;OD;pD; aemufqufwGJa&mif;csay;&ef awmif;qkdrIudk azmfjyyg tmPmykdif XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? Xmetrnfaygufaeaom ajrae&mjzpfaomfvnf; ,if;XmerSm ,if; tzGUJ tpnf;ESifh 0efBu;D Xme? tk;d tdrOf ;D pD;XmewkrYd S vku d af vsmcGijhf yKNy;D tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI ajrae&mudk ykid o f mykid Nf y;D rqdik af wmhonft h ajctaewGi&f adS Mumif;? aqmif&u G cf surf sm;jzpfí wku d t
f rSwf (1) (2) wGif aexkid o f t l m;vH;k a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf ,if;Xmeonf tcsi;f jzpf a&ESihf rdvm’ wnfaqmuftoH;k jyKaeaom tay:wGif w&m;r0iftwnfrjzpfaom aqmif&GufrIrsm;omjzpf &efukefNrdKUawmf
ajrae&mrS z,f&mS ;ay;&ef 1955 ckEpS ?f Ekid if yH ikd Of ypmrsm; z,f&mS ;ESif aMumif;? avQmufxm;olrsm;onf w&m;vdjk yKvyk Nf y;D OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f ay:
aumfrwD aumfrwD
xkwfa&;Oya'jzifh today;taMumif;Mum;awmif;qdkrIvnf; r&Sd &ef u k e f w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf ü w&m;rBuD ; rI t rS w f
aMumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrae&mudk Ekid if aH wmfrS OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f m; a&mif;cs 36^2014 jzifh ]]w&m;vdkrsm;tygt0if aexkdifolrsm;\ a&? rD;?
xm;jcif;vnf;r&S?d OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f rnfvnf;raygufaMumif;? odjYk zpfí rdv’m? um;yguif ESihf um;ywfvrf;twGuf toHk;jyK&eftvdkUiSm
tcsif;jzpfajrae&may:&Sd vuf&SdwnfaqmuftoHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom ESpfaygif; (20) ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaom (Service Area)
a&ESifh rdvm’ tcif;tusi;f rsm;tm;vH;k udk zsuo f rd ;f z,f&mS ;oGm;ap&ef aemufaz;vrf; ajr{&d,monf w&m;vdkrsm;omvQif qufvufí
NrdKU&GmESihf tkd;tdrfzGHUNzdK;a&;OD;pD;XmetaeESifhaomfvnf;aumif;? Oya't& vuf & S d x m;aexk d i f oH k ; pG J N rJ o H k ; pG J y k d i f c G i h f & S d a om
pD;yGm;a&;ESihf ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;XmetaeESiahf omfvnf;aumif;? aemufaz;vrf;ajr {&d,mjzpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrI}}?
oufqidk &f m tmPmykid t f zGUJ tpnf;rsm;taeESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? ]](,cif) jynfjrefrmukefwkduftm; a&mif;cs&mwGif tcsif;jzpf
&efuek Nf rKd Uawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDtaeESiafh omfvnf;aumif; {&d,mcefYrSef;tus,ft0ef; (20 ay _ 90 ay) &Sdaom tcsif;jzpf
ta&;,laqmif&GufydkifcGihfr&SdaMumif;? xkdokdY aqmif&GufEkdifatmif (Service Area) aemufaz;vrf;ajrudk pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;
,if;Xmersm;tm; vkyfykdifcGifhrsm; tyfESif;xm;jcif;r&SdbJ xkdodkY a&mif;0,fa&;0efBuD;XmexHrS aemufqufwGJ wGJzuf0,f,lcJhaom
aqmif&GufEkdifatmif wkduftrSwf (1) (2) wGif aexkdifolrsm;ESihf w&m;NyKd i\ f pmcsKycf sKyq f 0dk ,f,xl m;rIonf pwif0,f,pl Ofuwnf;
n§Ed iId ;f aygif;pyfvyk u
f ikd &f efjzpfaMumif;? wku d tf rSwf (1) (2) wkt Yd Mum; u w&m;vd k r sm;tay:wG i f w&m;r0if t wnf r jzpf a Mumif ;
ü tay:,HajrjyifwGif um;yguif (ywfvrf;) tjzpfxm;&SdNyD; twdtvif;>rufazmfaMunm ay;apvkdrI}}? ]]tcsif;jzpf (Service
ajratmufü rdvm’ yku d rf sm;? a&yku d rf sm; oG,w f ef;wyfqifxm;&So d nfh Area) aemuf a z;vrf ; ajrud k w&m;Nyd K if o nf w&m;vd k r sm;\
94 95
2015 taqmuftOD pwifaqmufvyk pf Ofuwnf;u taqmuftODaexkid f cefrY eS ;f tus,t f 0ef; ay 20_90 cef&Y dS ajruGut
f vGwu f kd jynfjrefrm 2015
olrsm;\ a&ESifh rdv’mudpötvkdUiSm wyfqifwnfaqmuf toHk;jyK ukefwkduftm; avvHypfa&mif;csNyD;onfhaemufydkif; OD;aZmfrkd;ckdif\
ESifh ESifh
XmerSL;?
aejcif;jzpfovkd ,if;ajrae&monf NrdKU&GmESihf tdk;tdrfzGHUNzdK;a&;OD;pD; aemufqufwGJa&mif;csay;&ef awmif;qkdrIudk azmfjyyg tmPmykdif XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? Xmetrnfaygufaeaom ajrae&mjzpfaomfvnf; ,if;XmerSm ,if; tzGUJ tpnf;ESifh 0efBu;D Xme? tk;d tdrOf ;D pD;XmewkrYd S vku d af vsmcGijhf yKNy;D tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI ajrae&mudk ykid o f mykid Nf y;D rqdik af wmhonft h ajctaewGi&f adS Mumif;? aqmif&u G cf surf sm;jzpfí wku d t
f rSwf (1) (2) wGif aexkid o f t l m;vH;k a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf ,if;Xmeonf tcsi;f jzpf a&ESihf rdvm’ wnfaqmuftoH;k jyKaeaom tay:wGif w&m;r0iftwnfrjzpfaom aqmif&GufrIrsm;omjzpf &efukefNrdKUawmf
ajrae&mrS z,f&mS ;ay;&ef 1955 ckEpS ?f Ekid if yH ikd Of ypmrsm; z,f&mS ;ESif aMumif;? avQmufxm;olrsm;onf w&m;vdjk yKvyk Nf y;D OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f ay:
aumfrwD aumfrwD
xkwfa&;Oya'jzifh today;taMumif;Mum;awmif;qdkrIvnf; r&Sd &ef u k e f w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf ü w&m;rBuD ; rI t rS w f
aMumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrae&mudk Ekid if aH wmfrS OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f m; a&mif;cs 36^2014 jzifh ]]w&m;vdkrsm;tygt0if aexkdifolrsm;\ a&? rD;?
xm;jcif;vnf;r&S?d OD;aZmfr;dk ckid t f rnfvnf;raygufaMumif;? odjYk zpfí rdv’m? um;yguif ESihf um;ywfvrf;twGuf toHk;jyK&eftvdkUiSm
tcsif;jzpfajrae&may:&Sd vuf&SdwnfaqmuftoHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom ESpfaygif; (20) ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaom (Service Area)
a&ESifh rdvm’ tcif;tusi;f rsm;tm;vH;k udk zsuo f rd ;f z,f&mS ;oGm;ap&ef aemufaz;vrf; ajr{&d,monf w&m;vdkrsm;omvQif qufvufí
NrdKU&GmESihf tkd;tdrfzGHUNzdK;a&;OD;pD;XmetaeESifhaomfvnf;aumif;? Oya't& vuf & S d x m;aexk d i f oH k ; pG J N rJ o H k ; pG J y k d i f c G i h f & S d a om
pD;yGm;a&;ESihf ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;XmetaeESiahf omfvnf;aumif;? aemufaz;vrf;ajr {&d,mjzpfaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrI}}?
oufqidk &f m tmPmykid t f zGUJ tpnf;rsm;taeESiafh omfvnf;aumif;? ]](,cif) jynfjrefrmukefwkduftm; a&mif;cs&mwGif tcsif;jzpf
&efuek Nf rKd Uawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDtaeESiafh omfvnf;aumif; {&d,mcefYrSef;tus,ft0ef; (20 ay _ 90 ay) &Sdaom tcsif;jzpf
ta&;,laqmif&GufydkifcGihfr&SdaMumif;? xkdokdY aqmif&GufEkdifatmif (Service Area) aemufaz;vrf;ajrudk pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;
,if;Xmersm;tm; vkyfykdifcGifhrsm; tyfESif;xm;jcif;r&SdbJ xkdodkY a&mif;0,fa&;0efBuD;XmexHrS aemufqufwGJ wGJzuf0,f,lcJhaom
aqmif&GufEkdifatmif wkduftrSwf (1) (2) wGif aexkdifolrsm;ESihf w&m;NyKd i\ f pmcsKycf sKyq f 0dk ,f,xl m;rIonf pwif0,f,pl Ofuwnf;
n§Ed iId ;f aygif;pyfvyk u
f ikd &f efjzpfaMumif;? wku d tf rSwf (1) (2) wkt Yd Mum; u w&m;vd k r sm;tay:wG i f w&m;r0if t wnf r jzpf a Mumif ;
ü tay:,HajrjyifwGif um;yguif (ywfvrf;) tjzpfxm;&SdNyD; twdtvif;>rufazmfaMunm ay;apvkdrI}}? ]]tcsif;jzpf (Service
ajratmufü rdvm’ yku d rf sm;? a&yku d rf sm; oG,w f ef;wyfqifxm;&So d nfh Area) aemuf a z;vrf ; ajrud k w&m;Nyd K if o nf w&m;vd k r sm;\
96 93
2015 oabmwlcGifhjyKcsufr&SdbJ 0,f,lNyD; vufa&muf&,lí taqmuf om,ma&;aumfrwD\ pDrHcefYcGJrIqkdif&m vkyfykdifcGihfudpöjzpfí 2015

OD;ae0if; yg 91 tODopf aqmufvyk &f eftvdUk iSm ESpaf ygif; (20) ausmf w&m;vdrk sm; wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqihf&rnfh trIudpör[kwfaMumif; OD;ae0if; yg 91
ESifh ESifh
vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaeonfh a&? rD;? rdv’m? um;ywfvrf;? awGU&S&d ygojzifh avQmufxm;rItm; yvyfonfh trdew
Yf pf&yf csrw
S f
XmerSL;? XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme?
um;yguifae&m tcif;tusif;rsm;udk zsufqD;ajymif;a&TUjcif;? ay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI ajrwl;jcif;rsm;udk jyKvyk af eí xko d Ykd rjyKvyk f ap&ef w&m;NyKd it f ay: avQmuf x m;ol r sm;\ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
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taMumif;Mum;pmtay: tajccHívnf; avQmufxm;olrsm;onf avQmufxm;olrsm;\ oabmwlcGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ OD;aZmfrkd;ckdif\
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OD;pD;Xme (½Hk;csKyf)? aqmufvkyfa&;0efBuD;Xme? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf? tcif;tusif;rsm;rSwpfqifh wkduftrSwf (1) (2) odkY a&oG,fwef;
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XmecG?J pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBu;D XmewkYd (2) OD;tm; twGuf oG,f0kdufaomenf;jzifh aqmif&Guf&ma&mufaeonfhtjyif
aemufwkd;w&m;NydKiftjzpf xnhfoGif;Mum;emqHk;jzwfcGihfjyK&efjzihf avQmufxm;cH&olwkdYwkdufae vkyfom;jynfolrsm;\ ESpfaygif; (20)
vnf; avQmufxm;&ef pDpOfxm;&SdaMumif;? avQmufxm;cH&olwkdY ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdonfh a&ESihf rdv’mtcif;tusif;
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om,ma&;aumfrwD[k vdyrf w l yfNy;D ta&;,laqmif&u G &f eftoday; oGm;ap&ef &nf&, G Nf y;D vkyaf qmif&ma&mufonft h wGuf qufvufí
taMumif;Mum;vmrIonf pnfyifom,mOya'? vkyx f ;kH vkyef nf;rsm; xkduJhodkY vkyfaqmifjcif;r&Sdap&ef tmPmay;pmcRefawmftrdefY?
ESifh nDñw G rf rI &So
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jynforl sm;\ oabmwlciG jfh yKcsurf &Sb d J ¤if;wko
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d tf rSwf (1) ESihf (2) wGif aexkid af om avQmufxm;oltygt0if
r&SdonfhtwGufaMumifhvnf;aumif;? tcsif;jzpftaqmuftOD (2)
aexkdifolrsm;tm;vHk; vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJrI&Sdonfh a&ESifh rdv’mtcif;
vH;k wGif a&udpt ö vkUd iSm avQmufxm;olwXYdk metaeESifh taMumif;
tusif;rsm; wnfaqmufwyfqiftoHk;jyKaeaom ajrae&mtcif;
Mum;pmygtwkdif; aqmif&Guf&ef vkdtyfaejcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf
tusi;f onf wku d tf rSwf (1) (2) aemufbuf&dS Service Area wGif
100 97
2015 avvHqGJ0,f,lol OD;aZmfrkd;ckdiftay: &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; aMumihv f nf;aumif;? ,if;odYk aqmif&u G jf cif;onf wdu
k af e vkyo
f m; 2015
OD;ae0if; yg 91 w&m;vTwfawmfwGif w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 36^2014 jzifh jynfolrsm; tusdK;pD;yGm;twGufr[kwfbJ wpfOD;wpfa,muf\ OD;ae0if; yg 91
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tif*sifeD,mXme? rdv’m? um;yguifESihf um;ywfvrf;twGuf toHk;jyK&ef aqmif&u G af ejcif;udk cGijhf yK&efroihof nft
h wGuaf Mumifv h nf;aumif; tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI tvdkUiSm ESpfaygif; (20) ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf ,if;odkY aqmif&Guf aejcif;onf tcsif;jzpfwkdufwGif aexkdifaom a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf
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aumfrwD ykid cf iG Efh iS fh oH;k pGaJ eaom a&ESihf rdvm’ tcif;tusi;f rsm;udk aysmufysuf aumfrwD
aexkdifoHk;pGJNrJ oHk;pGJykdifcGifh&Sdaom aemufaz;vrf;ajr
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txdjzpfoGm;atmif &nf&G,fvkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfí avQmufxm;
]] (,cif) jynfjrefrmukefwkduftm; a&mif;cs&mwGif cH&olwkdY Xmetay: trdefYay;pmcRefawmf? trIac:pmcRefawmf?
tcsif;jzpf{&d,mcefYrSef;tus,ft0ef; (20 ay _ 90 wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefY tp&SdonfwkdY xkwfqifhwm;jrpfay;
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ajrudk pD;yGm;a&;ESihf ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBuD;Xme
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rjzpfaMumif; twdtvif; >rufazmfaMunmay;apvkrd }I }? Oya'yk'fr 16 (u) (3) t& avQmufxm;cH&olwkdYXmerS xkwfqifh
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w&m;NyKd iof nf w&m;vkrd sm;\ oabmwlciG jhf yKcsurf &Sb d J avQmufxm;aMumif; azmfjyxm;onf/
0,f,Nl y;D vufa&muf&,lí taqmuftODopfaqmuf
vkyf&eftvkdUiSm ESpfaygif; (20) ausmf w&m;vdkrsm; Ekid if aH wmfyidk t
f aqmufttHrk sm; avvHwifa&mif;csa&;
aumfrwDrS avvHwifa&mif;cscJhaom pD;yGm;a&;ESihf ul;oef;a&mif;
vuf & S d xm;oH k ; pG J v suf & S d a eonf h a&? rD ; ? rd v ’ m ?
98 99
2015 0,fa&;0efBu;D Xmeykid f urm&GwNf rKd Ue,f? trSwf (81)? tif;pdev f rf;ESifh a'oBuD;tpdk;&tzGJUrS 29-5-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzihf NrdKUawmf0ef? 2015
OD;ae0if; yg 91 &efuek Nf rKd Uawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDoYkd taMumif;Mum;cJo
h nf/ OD;ae0if; yg 91
vSn;f wef;vrf;axmif&h dS (,cif jynfjrefrmukew f u dk )f taemufzuf&dS
ESifh ESifh
XmerSL;?
wkduf (1) ESihf (2) wkdYrS toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom a&ykkdufvkdif;rsm;ESihf xkdYaMumifh avQmufxm;cH&olrS wkduf (1) ESifh (2) wkdYrS XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? yifr rdv’muefodkY qufoG,fxm;aom ykdufvkdif;rsm;onf avvH toHk;jyK&eftwGuf a&okdavSmifuef? t0DpdwGif;ESihf a&wifpuf tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI atmifjrifoltm; vTJajymif;ay;&rnfhajratmufwGif &Sdaeojzifh wnfaqmufjcif;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u G cf &hJ m &mckid Ef eI ;f jynfh Ny;D pD;Ny;D a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf a&avSmifuef? t0Dpw d iG ;f ? a&wifpuf? a&yku d v
f idk ;f ESifh rdvm’ yku
d vf idk ;f &efukefNrdKUawmf
jzpfí wkduf (1) ESihf (2) wkdY toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom a&ykdufrsm;ESifh
rsm;udk tpm;xk;d ajruGuw f iG f ajymif;a&TUwnfaqmuf&ef n§Ed iId ;f cJMh u oG,w f ef;csw
d q
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f m,ma&;aumfrwD
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dS nfh ajray:wGif topfwnfaqmufay;cJh odkY taMumif;Mum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
onf/ xko d Ykd ajymif;a&TUwnfaqmufjcif;vkyif ef;rsm;udk &efuek w f idk ;f wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefYonf w&m;½Hk; odkYr[kwf
a'oBuD;tpkd;&tzGJUodkY wifjyí oabmwlnDcsuft& aqmif&Guf w&m;pD&ifa&;oabmqefaom pDrHcefYcGJa&;tmPmykdifrsm;\
cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdodkY wkduftrSwf (1) ESifh (2) wkdY toHk;jyKonfh aqmif&uG cf surf sm;onf pD&ifyidk cf iG t
hf mPmxufyí
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hf ;kH xm;jcif;
a&avS m if uef ? a&wG i f ; ES i h f a&puf t aqmuf t tH k r sm;ud k odkYr[kwf pD&ifykdifcGifhtmPmr&SdbJ jyKvkyfjcif;rsm;udk qufvuf
avvHatmifjrifolrS wm0ef,la&TUajymif;aqmufvkyfjcif;jzpfNyD; raqmif&Guf&ef wm;jrpfaomtrdefYjzpfonf/
avQmufxm;cH&ol &efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDrS avQmufxm;olrsm;avQmufxm;onfh &efukefNrdKUawmf
aqmif & G u f a y;jcif ; r[k w f b J uk e f u sp&d w f w G u f c suf a y;jcif ; ? pnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD\ aqmif&Gufcsufonf w&m;½Hk;
enf;ynmykdif;ulnDay;jcif;om aqmif&GufcJhonf/ okdYr[kwf w&m;pD&ifa&;oabmqefaom trdefYcsrSwfaqmif&Guf
xkdokdY jynfjrefrmukefwkduf0if;twGif; a&avSmifuef? onf h ud p ö & yf w pf c k c k r [k w f b J pD r H c ef Y c G J r I q k d i f & m taMumif ;
t0D p d w G i f ; ? a&wif p uf t aqmuf t tH k E S i h f a&wif p uf r sm; Mum;pmjzpfí wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhay;Ekdifonfh
wyfqifjcif;onf wnfaqmufa&;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u G Nf y;D pD;onfh udpö&yfrsdK;r[kwfay/
tcg wku d f (1) ESihf (2) taqmufttHrk sm;odYk a&jzefaY 0ay;&eftwGuf avQmuf x m;ol r sm;\ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu
a&ykdufqufoG,fjcif;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Gufay;&ef &efukefwkdif; avQmufvJwifjy&mwGif avQmufxm;olrsm;u w&m;vdkjyKvkyfNyD;
98 99
2015 0,fa&;0efBu;D Xmeykid f urm&GwNf rKd Ue,f? trSwf (81)? tif;pdev f rf;ESifh a'oBuD;tpdk;&tzGJUrS 29-5-2014 &ufpGJygpmjzihf NrdKUawmf0ef? 2015
OD;ae0if; yg 91 &efuek Nf rKd Uawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDoYkd taMumif;Mum;cJo
h nf/ OD;ae0if; yg 91
vSn;f wef;vrf;axmif&h dS (,cif jynfjrefrmukew f u dk )f taemufzuf&dS
ESifh ESifh
XmerSL;?
wkduf (1) ESihf (2) wkdYrS toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom a&ykkdufvkdif;rsm;ESihf xkdYaMumifh avQmufxm;cH&olrS wkduf (1) ESifh (2) wkdYrS XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? yifr rdv’muefodkY qufoG,fxm;aom ykdufvkdif;rsm;onf avvH toHk;jyK&eftwGuf a&okdavSmifuef? t0DpdwGif;ESihf a&wifpuf tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI atmifjrifoltm; vTJajymif;ay;&rnfhajratmufwGif &Sdaeojzifh wnfaqmufjcif;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u G cf &hJ m &mckid Ef eI ;f jynfh Ny;D pD;Ny;D a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf a&avSmifuef? t0Dpw d iG ;f ? a&wifpuf? a&yku d v
f idk ;f ESifh rdvm’ yku
d vf idk ;f &efukefNrdKUawmf
jzpfí wkduf (1) ESihf (2) wkdY toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaom a&ykdufrsm;ESifh
rsm;udk tpm;xk;d ajruGuw f iG f ajymif;a&TUwnfaqmuf&ef n§Ed iId ;f cJMh u oG,w f ef;csw
d q
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f m,ma&;aumfrwD
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dS nfh ajray:wGif topfwnfaqmufay;cJh odkY taMumif;Mum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
onf/ xko d Ykd ajymif;a&TUwnfaqmufjcif;vkyif ef;rsm;udk &efuek w f idk ;f wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefYonf w&m;½Hk; odkYr[kwf
a'oBuD;tpkd;&tzGJUodkY wifjyí oabmwlnDcsuft& aqmif&Guf w&m;pD&ifa&;oabmqefaom pDrHcefYcGJa&;tmPmykdifrsm;\
cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdodkY wkduftrSwf (1) ESifh (2) wkdY toHk;jyKonfh aqmif&uG cf surf sm;onf pD&ifyidk cf iG t
hf mPmxufyí
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hf ;kH xm;jcif;
a&avS m if uef ? a&wG i f ; ES i h f a&puf t aqmuf t tH k r sm;ud k odkYr[kwf pD&ifykdifcGifhtmPmr&SdbJ jyKvkyfjcif;rsm;udk qufvuf
avvHatmifjrifolrS wm0ef,la&TUajymif;aqmufvkyfjcif;jzpfNyD; raqmif&Guf&ef wm;jrpfaomtrdefYjzpfonf/
avQmufxm;cH&ol &efukefNrdKUawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDrS avQmufxm;olrsm;avQmufxm;onfh &efukefNrdKUawmf
aqmif & G u f a y;jcif ; r[k w f b J uk e f u sp&d w f w G u f c suf a y;jcif ; ? pnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD\ aqmif&Gufcsufonf w&m;½Hk;
enf;ynmykdif;ulnDay;jcif;om aqmif&GufcJhonf/ okdYr[kwf w&m;pD&ifa&;oabmqefaom trdefYcsrSwfaqmif&Guf
xkdokdY jynfjrefrmukefwkduf0if;twGif; a&avSmifuef? onf h ud p ö & yf w pf c k c k r [k w f b J pD r H c ef Y c G J r I q k d i f & m taMumif ;
t0D p d w G i f ; ? a&wif p uf t aqmuf t tH k E S i h f a&wif p uf r sm; Mum;pmjzpfí wm;jrpfappmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhay;Ekdifonfh
wyfqifjcif;onf wnfaqmufa&;vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u G Nf y;D pD;onfh udpö&yfrsdK;r[kwfay/
tcg wku d f (1) ESihf (2) taqmufttHrk sm;odYk a&jzefaY 0ay;&eftwGuf avQmuf x m;ol r sm;\ w&m;vT w f a wmf a &S U aeu
a&ykdufqufoG,fjcif;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Gufay;&ef &efukefwkdif; avQmufvJwifjy&mwGif avQmufxm;olrsm;u w&m;vdkjyKvkyfNyD;
100 97
2015 avvHqGJ0,f,lol OD;aZmfrkd;ckdiftay: &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; aMumihv f nf;aumif;? ,if;odYk aqmif&u G jf cif;onf wdu
k af e vkyo
f m; 2015
OD;ae0if; yg 91 w&m;vTwfawmfwGif w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 36^2014 jzifh jynfolrsm; tusdK;pD;yGm;twGufr[kwfbJ wpfOD;wpfa,muf\ OD;ae0if; yg 91
ESifh ESifh
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XmerSL;? XmerSL;?
tif*sifeD,mXme? rdv’m? um;yguifESihf um;ywfvrf;twGuf toHk;jyK&ef aqmif&u G af ejcif;udk cGijhf yK&efroihof nft
h wGuaf Mumifv h nf;aumif; tif*sifeD,mXme?
a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI tvdkUiSm ESpfaygif; (20) ausmf vuf&Sdxm;oHk;pGJvsuf ,if;odkY aqmif&Guf aejcif;onf tcsif;jzpfwkdufwGif aexkdifaom a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
&efukefNrdKUawmf
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pnfyifom,ma&;
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aumfrwD ykid cf iG Efh iS fh oH;k pGaJ eaom a&ESihf rdvm’ tcif;tusi;f rsm;udk aysmufysuf aumfrwD
aexkdifoHk;pGJNrJ oHk;pGJykdifcGifh&Sdaom aemufaz;vrf;ajr
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txdjzpfoGm;atmif &nf&G,fvkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfí avQmufxm;
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2015 rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2012 ckESpf? um;ywfvrf;? um;yguifae&mtcif;tusif;rsm;udk 2015

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tif*sifeD,mXme?
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rsm;u tarGqufcyH ikd q f idk af Mumif; aMunmay;apvkrd EI iS hf ajray:wGif yk'fr 80 t& BudKwifEdkUwpfpmay;í ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf? NrdKU&GmESihf &efukefNrdKUawmf
aeolrsm;udkz,f&Sm;í ajrESifh taqmufttHkudk vufa&muf&vkdrI tdk;tdrfzGHUNzdK;rIOD;pD;Xme? (½Hk;csKyf) aqmufvkyfa&;0efBuD;Xme? pnfyifom,ma&;
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKy?f ukeo f , G af &;ñTeMf um;rIO;D pD;Xme? okawoeESifh aumfrwD
pGJqkd&m trIudkyvyfcJhonf/ w&m;vkd OD;armifarmifndrf; yg 2 OD;
jynfoq Yl ufqaH &;XmecG?J pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBu;D
wkdYu jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r
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t,lcHrItrSwf 72 wGif t,lcHaomfvnf; atmifjrifrIr&&Sdojzifh
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pOfü tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHu k kd t,lcw H &m;vdrk sm;u tarG
xk d Y a Mumif h þw&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI u d k
qufcaH Mumif;udk a':oef;u jiif;qkjd cif;r&Sad Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
p&dwfESihf wuGy,fonf/
wkdufwGif rdrdtarGqufcHí aexkdifonf[kvnf; a':oef;u
102 103
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh aoG;om;awmfpyfrIr&Sdaomfvnf; Oya't& 2015

atmufwkdbmv 19 &uf OD;armifarmifndrf;
aoG;wpf0uf armifESrwpf0rf;uGJawmfpyfolrsm;jzpfonf/ t,lcH
yg 12
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD; w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf a':jr&D\ zcif&if;bufrS nDtpfr
ESifh
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OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif? wko
OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrihf[efwkdYa&SUwGif olrsm; jzpfMuonf[kqdkvQifyif tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmifah &SmufrrI &Sd
omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf ysufuGufcJhojzihf t,lcH
OD ; armif a rmif n d r f ; yg 12 w&m;vdkrsm;onf uG,fvGefol a':jr&D\ tarGudk &xkdufcGifhqHk;½HI;
ES i f h onfjzpfí tarG&Sifa':jr&Dtm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
t,lcw H &m;NyKd if a':oef;onfom a':jr&D\ tarGukd cHpm;xku d o f l
a':oef; yg 12
12*
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tarG c H om;csif ; wpf a ,muf u tarG & S i f t m; jyKpk apmihaf &Smufol aqGrsKd ;rawmfonfh olwpdr;f wpfa,mufonfvnf;
apmifha&SmufrIr&SdbJ aqGrsdK;0wå&m;udk wrifysufuGuf aumif;? omrefaqGrsKd ;wpfa,mufonfvnf;aumif; rnfrQyif jyKpk
pG e f Y y pf x m;ol tarG c H om;csif ; rsm;ud k tarG r S apmifha&Smufapumrl tarGcHom;csif;rsm;udk tarGrS z,fxkwfjcif;
z,f x k w f j cif ; jyKEk d i f rjyKEk d i f / rjyKEikd af omfvnf; tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmihaf &Smufol tarGco H m;csi;f
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf OD;bcufESihf aoG; wpfa,mufonf tarG&Siftm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmifha&Smufoifh
wpf0ufwl awmfpyfolrsm;jzpfMuí OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD;jzpfol onfh omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf ysufuGufonfh tjcm;
tarGco H m;csi;f rsm;udk z,fxw k í
f tarGqufcEH idk cf iG &fh o
dS nf/
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I rSwf 72 wGif csrw
S af om 2014 ckEpS ?f Mo*kwv
f
t,lcwH &m;vkrd sm;twGuf - OD;rsKd ;jrifph ;dk ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
t,lcw
H &m;NyKd irf sm;twGuf - OD;ode;f xGe;f ? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
12 &ufpyJG g jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\
f pD&ifcsuEf iS fh 'Du&Dukd t,lcrH /I
102 103
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh aoG;om;awmfpyfrIr&Sdaomfvnf; Oya't& 2015

atmufwkdbmv 19 &uf OD;armifarmifndrf;
aoG;wpf0uf armifESrwpf0rf;uGJawmfpyfolrsm;jzpfonf/ t,lcH
yg 12
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD; w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf a':jr&D\ zcif&if;bufrS nDtpfr
ESifh
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OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif? wko
OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrihf[efwkdYa&SUwGif olrsm; jzpfMuonf[kqdkvQifyif tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmifah &SmufrrI &Sd
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ES i f h onfjzpfí tarG&Sifa':jr&Dtm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmihfa&Smufol
t,lcw H &m;NyKd if a':oef;onfom a':jr&D\ tarGukd cHpm;xku d o f l
a':oef; yg 12
12*
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tarG c H om;csif ; wpf a ,muf u tarG & S i f t m; jyKpk apmihaf &Smufol aqGrsKd ;rawmfonfh olwpdr;f wpfa,mufonfvnf;
apmifha&SmufrIr&SdbJ aqGrsdK;0wå&m;udk wrifysufuGuf aumif;? omrefaqGrsKd ;wpfa,mufonfvnf;aumif; rnfrQyif jyKpk
pG e f Y y pf x m;ol tarG c H om;csif ; rsm;ud k tarG r S apmifha&Smufapumrl tarGcHom;csif;rsm;udk tarGrS z,fxkwfjcif;
z,f x k w f j cif ; jyKEk d i f rjyKEk d i f / rjyKEikd af omfvnf; tarG&iS t f m; jyKpak pmihaf &Smufol tarGco H m;csi;f
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf OD;bcufESihf aoG; wpfa,mufonf tarG&Siftm; ompOfempOf jyKpkapmifha&Smufoifh
wpf0ufwl awmfpyfolrsm;jzpfMuí OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD;jzpfol onfh omrefaqGrsdK;0wfESifh oHa,mZOfjywf ysufuGufonfh tjcm;
tarGco H m;csi;f rsm;udk z,fxw k í
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k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\
104 101
2015 rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2012 ckESpf? um;ywfvrf;? um;yguifae&mtcif;tusif;rsm;udk 2015

OD;armifarmifndrf; OD;ae0if; yg 91
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yg 12 ESifh
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tif*sifeD,mXme?
aMunmay;&efESifh tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHkwdkYudk w&m;vkd w&m;pGJxm;aMumif; wifjycJhonf/ xkdYtjyif w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya' a&ESifhoefY&Sif;rI
rsm;u tarGqufcyH ikd q f idk af Mumif; aMunmay;apvkrd EI iS hf ajray:wGif yk'fr 80 t& BudKwifEdkUwpfpmay;í ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf? NrdKU&GmESihf &efukefNrdKUawmf
aeolrsm;udkz,f&Sm;í ajrESifh taqmufttHkudk vufa&muf&vkdrI tdk;tdrfzGHUNzdK;rIOD;pD;Xme? (½Hk;csKyf) aqmufvkyfa&;0efBuD;Xme? pnfyifom,ma&;
ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKy?f ukeo f , G af &;ñTeMf um;rIO;D pD;Xme? okawoeESifh aumfrwD
pGJqkd&m trIudkyvyfcJhonf/ w&m;vkd OD;armifarmifndrf; yg 2 OD;
jynfoq Yl ufqaH &;XmecG?J pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBu;D
wkdYu jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2014 ckESpf? w&m;r
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t,lcHrItrSwf 72 wGif t,lcHaomfvnf; atmifjrifrIr&&Sdojzifh
&ef pDpOfxm;&SdaMumif;vnf; wifjycJhonf/
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(txl;) trSwf 378 wGif avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufyg avQmuf x m;ol r sm;onf ,ck a vQmuf x m;onf h
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pOfü tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHu k kd t,lcw H &m;vdrk sm;u tarG
xk d Y a Mumif h þw&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI u d k
qufcaH Mumif;udk a':oef;u jiif;qkjd cif;r&Sad Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
p&dwfESihf wuGy,fonf/
wkdufwGif rdrdtarGqufcHí aexkdifonf[kvnf; a':oef;u
108 105
2015 rEÅav;NrKd U? r[matmifajrNrKd Ue,f? a&Tbek ;f &Sed &f yfuu G ?f rwifjycJhaMumif;? tqkdyg ajrESifh wkdufudk t,lcHw&m;vkdrsm;u 2015
OD;armifarmifndrf; OD;armifarmifndrf;
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yg 12 yg 12
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f &
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taqmufttHu k kd w&m;vdrk sm;u tarGqufcyH idk q f idk af Mumif; >ruf[ udkvSBudKiftrI(4)? OD;bpef yg 3 ESifh a':vSvS yg 3 trI(5)
aMunmay;&efEiS hf vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG &dk aMumif; tqdjk yKpq JG o kd nf/ wkw Yd iG f olwpdr;f wpfO;D onfvnf;aumif;? omrefaqGrsKd ;wpfO;D onf
w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD; vnf;aumif; rnfrQyif jyKpkapmihfa&Smufapumrl tarGcHom;csif;
a':jr&D\ nDrjzpfNy;D OD;bcufwYdk &Spd Ofuwnf;u tcsi;f jzpfwu dk w
f iG f rsm;udk tarGrS rz,fxkwfEkdif? tarG&SifwpfOD;tm; ompOf empOf
(1) bDt,fvftm;? pm-228/
aexkdifcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':jr&D\tarGudk qufcH&&Sdjcif;jzpfí
(2) 1957 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-242 (vTwfawmf)/
tarGqufcyH idk q f idk af Mumif; aMunmpmcsKyu
f kd csKyq
f cdk jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;?
w&m;vdrk sm;onf a':jr&DEiS hf 1979 ckEpS f rSpí trItcif;rsm; jzpfymG ; (3) 1966 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-27/
&mrS qufoG,fqufqHrI? 0ifxGufoGm;vmywfoufrIr&Sdawmh (4) 1983 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-154/
aMumif;? a':jr&Demruse;f pOfEiS hf ema&;udprö sm;wGif wpfpw kH pf&mvm (5) 1984 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-287/
106 107
2015 jyKpkapmihfa&Smuf&ef wrifysufuGufygu tarGqHk;½HI;Ekdifaomfvnf; udwådrorD; a':jr&D\ tarGyHkudk ¤if;\rdb&if;\ aqGrsdK;rsm;u 2015
tarG q uf c H c G i h f r &S d o l w pf O D ; u tarG & S i f t m; ompOf e mpOf qufccH iG &fh adS Mumif;rSm xif&mS ;aMumif;? arG;pm;om;orD;onf rd&if;
yg 12 yg 12
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,SOí f yifroifah om tarGct H cGit hf a&;&ol tarGcaH qGrsKd ; rsm;tm; umuG,fay;&ef twGufomjzpfaMumif;? xkd&nf&G,fcsufxuf
tarGrS z,fxw k jf cif;rjyKEidk af omaMumifh þtxl;t,lcrH I udck iG jfh yKí ausmfvGefNyD; rd&if; z&if;bufrS armifESr? aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm;ESihf
t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;tm; 'Du&DcsrSwfay;oihfaMumif; avQmufvJ olpdrf;jyifjyifjzpfonf[k rSwf,lEkdifrnfr[kwfaMumif;? t,lcH
wifjyonf/ w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh wpf0rf;uGJnDrjzpf
t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if r sm;\a&S U aeu (&,u) ½H k ; wG i f ojzihf ¤if;\ teD;pyfq;kH aqGrsKd ; jzpfaMumif;? t,lcw H &m;vdrk sm;onf
ñ§Ed iId ;f pOfu ajrESiw
hf udk uf akd &mifNy;D 3 yHk 1 yHk cGaJ y;rnfukd a':oef;u a':jr&D\ arG;pm;zcif OD;bcuf\ aoG;wpf0ufawmfpyfonfh
vufcHcJhaMumif; t,lcHw&m;vdkbufrS wifjyaeaomfvnf; xkd wlrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh a':jr&D ESifh aoG;wpf0ufawmfpyfaom
ñ§dEdIif;csurf w S wf rf;wGif rnfonfah jr? taqmufttH[ k í l wduspmG wpf0rf;uGJarmifESrrsm;jzpfaMumif;? jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't&
azmfjyxm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? OD;bcufykdifajr[kom azmfjyxm;NyD; aoG;eD;olu aoG;a0;ol aoG;wpf0uf awmfpyfolrsm;udk tarGyHkrS
tcsi;f jzpfajr? taqmufttHEk iS hf oufqidk jf cif;r&Sad Mumif;? rlv½H;k u z,f x k w f E k d i f a Mumif ; ? OD ; oif ; ñ§ m ES i h f raiG q d k i f t rI (7) ud k
udwådrorD;tjzpf arG;pm;jcif;cH&olwpfOD;\ tarGudk rd&if;z&if; ud k ; um;aMumif ; ? t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if r sm;onf tarG & S i f ES i h f
bufrS qufccH iG rfh &Sb d J arG;pm;rdbrsm;bufuom qufccH iG &fh adS Mumif; aqGrsdK;awmfpyfNyD; i,fpOfuyif tarG&SifESifhtwlaexkdifum jyKpk
rat;wif ESifh a':oefYtrI(6) udk &nfñTef;oHk;oyfcJh&m udwådr apmifha&Smufolrsm;jzpfí tarGcHxkdufolrsm;jzpfaMumif;? t,lcH
om;orD;onf rd&if;z&if;\tarGukd qufccH iG rfh &Sad omfvnf; udwr¬d w&m;vkdrsm;onf tarG&Siftm; qefYusifolrsm;jzpfNyD; tarG&Sif
om;orD; use&f pfonft h arGukd rd&if;z&if;\ aqGrsKd ;rsm;u qufccH iG fh uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf tarG&,l&ef vkyfaqmifolrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh
&S d o nf [ k armif c uf ES i f h r&if trI (3) ? a':vS & S i f ES i f h Mum;emcJo h nfjh yóemudk t,lcw H &m;NyKd ib f ufoYkd tomay;qH;k jzwf
a':at;cif t rI (2) wk d Y w G i f qH k ; jzwf x m;aMumif ; ? xk d Y a Mumif h oifhaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/
(6) 1940 ckESpf? &efukefpD&ifxHk;? pm-572 (pHknD)/ (7) 1963 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-250/
106 107
2015 jyKpkapmihfa&Smuf&ef wrifysufuGufygu tarGqHk;½HI;Ekdifaomfvnf; udwådrorD; a':jr&D\ tarGyHkudk ¤if;\rdb&if;\ aqGrsdK;rsm;u 2015
tarG q uf c H c G i h f r &S d o l w pf O D ; u tarG & S i f t m; ompOf e mpOf qufccH iG &fh adS Mumif;rSm xif&mS ;aMumif;? arG;pm;om;orD;onf rd&if;
yg 12 yg 12
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jyKpkapmifha&Smuf½HkrQjzifh tarGqufcHcGifhr&Sd[k xHk;jyKxm;aMumif;? z&if;wkdY\ rdom;pkwGif olpdrf;jyifjyiftjzpf a&muf&SdoGm;onf[k
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a':oef; yg 12 aemufqHk;pD&ifxHk;ygrludk vdkufemoihfaMumif;? olwpdrf;wkdYu rSw, f jl cif;rSm tqkyd g rdom;pkwiG f use&f pforl sm;\ tusKd ;aus;Zl;udk a':oef; yg 12
,SOí f yifroifah om tarGct H cGit hf a&;&ol tarGcaH qGrsKd ; rsm;tm; umuG,fay;&ef twGufomjzpfaMumif;? xkd&nf&G,fcsufxuf
tarGrS z,fxw k jf cif;rjyKEidk af omaMumifh þtxl;t,lcrH I udck iG jfh yKí ausmfvGefNyD; rd&if; z&if;bufrS armifESr? aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm;ESihf
t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;tm; 'Du&DcsrSwfay;oihfaMumif; avQmufvJ olpdrf;jyifjyifjzpfonf[k rSwf,lEkdifrnfr[kwfaMumif;? t,lcH
wifjyonf/ w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf tarG&Sif a':jr&DESifh wpf0rf;uGJnDrjzpf
t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if r sm;\a&S U aeu (&,u) ½H k ; wG i f ojzihf ¤if;\ teD;pyfq;kH aqGrsKd ; jzpfaMumif;? t,lcw H &m;vdrk sm;onf
ñ§Ed iId ;f pOfu ajrESiw
hf udk uf akd &mifNy;D 3 yHk 1 yHk cGaJ y;rnfukd a':oef;u a':jr&D\ arG;pm;zcif OD;bcuf\ aoG;wpf0ufawmfpyfonfh
vufcHcJhaMumif; t,lcHw&m;vdkbufrS wifjyaeaomfvnf; xkd wlrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh a':jr&D ESifh aoG;wpf0ufawmfpyfaom
ñ§dEdIif;csurf w S wf rf;wGif rnfonfah jr? taqmufttH[ k í l wduspmG wpf0rf;uGJarmifESrrsm;jzpfaMumif;? jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't&
azmfjyxm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? OD;bcufykdifajr[kom azmfjyxm;NyD; aoG;eD;olu aoG;a0;ol aoG;wpf0uf awmfpyfolrsm;udk tarGyHkrS
tcsi;f jzpfajr? taqmufttHEk iS hf oufqidk jf cif;r&Sad Mumif;? rlv½H;k u z,f x k w f E k d i f a Mumif ; ? OD ; oif ; ñ§ m ES i h f raiG q d k i f t rI (7) ud k
udwådrorD;tjzpf arG;pm;jcif;cH&olwpfOD;\ tarGudk rd&if;z&if; ud k ; um;aMumif ; ? t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if r sm;onf tarG & S i f ES i h f
bufrS qufccH iG rfh &Sb d J arG;pm;rdbrsm;bufuom qufccH iG &fh adS Mumif; aqGrsdK;awmfpyfNyD; i,fpOfuyif tarG&SifESifhtwlaexkdifum jyKpk
rat;wif ESifh a':oefYtrI(6) udk &nfñTef;oHk;oyfcJh&m udwådr apmifha&Smufolrsm;jzpfí tarGcHxkdufolrsm;jzpfaMumif;? t,lcH
om;orD;onf rd&if;z&if;\tarGukd qufccH iG rfh &Sad omfvnf; udwr¬d w&m;vkdrsm;onf tarG&Siftm; qefYusifolrsm;jzpfNyD; tarG&Sif
om;orD; use&f pfonft h arGukd rd&if;z&if;\ aqGrsKd ;rsm;u qufccH iG fh uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf tarG&,l&ef vkyfaqmifolrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh
&S d o nf [ k armif c uf ES i f h r&if trI (3) ? a':vS & S i f ES i f h Mum;emcJo h nfjh yóemudk t,lcw H &m;NyKd ib f ufoYkd tomay;qH;k jzwf
a':at;cif t rI (2) wk d Y w G i f qH k ; jzwf x m;aMumif ; ? xk d Y a Mumif h oifhaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/
(6) 1940 ckESpf? &efukefpD&ifxHk;? pm-572 (pHknD)/ (7) 1963 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-250/
108 105
2015 rEÅav;NrKd U? r[matmifajrNrKd Ue,f? a&Tbek ;f &Sed &f yfuu G ?f rwifjycJhaMumif;? tqkdyg ajrESifh wkdufudk t,lcHw&m;vkdrsm;u 2015
tuGuftrSwf (826)? OD;ykdif (60^1)? bdk;bGm;ykdifajrESifh aiG'g; a&mif;cs NyD;vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk cGJay;rnf[k wifjyonfudk a':oef;u
yg 12 yg 12
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f l NrKd UrolBu;D OD;bcufEiS hf ZeD; a':vSr,f vufcH oabmwlcahJ Mumif;? t,lcw H &m;NyKd ibf ufrS xGuq f cdk sut
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a':oef; yg 12 wkdYydkifqkdifaom ypönf;rsm;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;vkdrsm;onf OD;bcuf a':jr&D (uG , f v G e f ) onf armif E S r wpf 0 rf ; uG J r sm;jzpf o l a':oef; yg 12
\ wlt&if;rsm;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf OD;bcuf\ a':oef ; tjyif ouf & S d x if & S m ; tjcm;ol r sm;usef & pf a Mumif ; ?
udwådrorD; a':jr&Dudk taMumif;jyKí vma&mufaexkdifoljzpf a':jr&D\ zcifbufrS a':oef;uJhokdY wpf0rf;uGJarmifESrrsm;
aMumif;? a':rmvmonf a':oef;ac:,la&muf&v dS moljzpfaMumif;? &SMd uaMumif; ay:aygufojzifh rSwyf w kH ifaMunmpmcsKyyf g a':jr&D\
a':jr&D onf tysKd Bu;D b0jzifh 1-1-2010 aeYwiG f uG,v f eG cf ahJ Mumif;? wpfOD;wnf; 0rf;uGJnDr a':oef;qkdonfhudpörSm rrSefaMumif;? rjr
uG,v f eG of l OD;bcuf? ZeD; a':vSr,f? a':jr&Dww Ydk iG f tarGct H jzpf ES i f h armif < uuf t rI(1)? a':vS & S i f ES i f h a':at;cif t rI(2)?
w&m;vkrd sm;rSví JG tjcm;olruse&f pfaMumif;? a':oef;onf tarG armifcuf ESifh r&iftrI(3) wkw Yd iG f ompOfempOf jyKpak pmihaf &Smufoihf
qufcHcGihfr&SdbJ tcsif;jzpfajrESihf taqmufttHkudk tarGqufcH onfh aqGrsKd ;0wå&m;rsm;udk tarGcw H u Ydk odvsuEf iS hf wrifarhavsmh
ydkifqkdifaMumif; aMunmrSwfyHkwifpmcsKyftrSwf 3173^2010 udk ysufuGufvQif aooludk axmufyHhjyKpkNyD; oN*ØK[faom olwpdrf;u
jyKvkyfcJhaomaMumifh ,if;pmcsKyfysufjy,faMumif;? tqkdyg ajrESifh tarGrS y,fxkwfEkdifonf[k xHk;jyKcJhaMumif;? udkpdefaomif; ESihf
taqmufttHu k kd w&m;vdrk sm;u tarGqufcyH idk q f idk af Mumif; >ruf[ udkvSBudKiftrI(4)? OD;bpef yg 3 ESifh a':vSvS yg 3 trI(5)
aMunmay;&efEiS hf vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG &dk aMumif; tqdjk yKpq JG o kd nf/ wkw Yd iG f olwpdr;f wpfO;D onfvnf;aumif;? omrefaqGrsKd ;wpfO;D onf
w&m;NydKif a':oef;onf OD;bcuf\ udwådrorD; vnf;aumif; rnfrQyif jyKpkapmihfa&Smufapumrl tarGcHom;csif;
a':jr&D\ nDrjzpfNy;D OD;bcufwYdk &Spd Ofuwnf;u tcsi;f jzpfwu dk w
f iG f rsm;udk tarGrS rz,fxkwfEkdif? tarG&SifwpfOD;tm; ompOf empOf
(1) bDt,fvftm;? pm-228/
aexkdifcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':jr&D\tarGudk qufcH&&Sdjcif;jzpfí
(2) 1957 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-242 (vTwfawmf)/
tarGqufcyH idk q f idk af Mumif; aMunmpmcsKyu
f kd csKyq
f cdk jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;?
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&mrS qufoG,fqufqHrI? 0ifxGufoGm;vmywfoufrIr&Sdawmh (4) 1983 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-154/
aMumif;? a':jr&Demruse;f pOfEiS hf ema&;udprö sm;wGif wpfpw kH pf&mvm (5) 1984 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-287/
112 109
2015 aMumif;? a':jr&Dtm; tpfrwpf0rf;uGJawmfpyfoltjzpf Munfh½I a&mufjcif;? jyKpak pmihaf &Smufjcif;r&Sad Mumif;? w&m;NyKd iu
f om a':jr&D 2015
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yg 12 yg 12
oGm;a&mufcJhjcif;r&SdaMumif; t,lcHw&m;vdk OD;armifarmifndrf;\ ay;jcif;wkuYd kd jyKvyk cf ahJ Mumif;? (&,u) ½H;k wGif w&m;vkrd sm;u ñ§Ed iId ;f cJh
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tarG&Sif a':jr&Dtay: ompOfempOf jyKpkapmihfa&Smufoihfonfh trSwf (16-c) ajrESihf taqmufttHo k mjzpfaMumif;? w&m;vkrd sm;
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t,lcHw&m;NydKif a':oef;onf tarG&Sif a':jr&DESihf ompOfempOf jyKpkapmifha&SmufrIr&SdonfhtwGuf tarGcHxkdufolrsm;
nDtpfrwpf0rf;uGaJ wmfpyfojl zpfNy;D OD;bcufruG,v f eG rf u
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ay;cJhaMumif; trIwGif tjiif;ryGm;ay:aygufonf/ a':vSr,f onf 1965 ckEpS w f iG f uG,v f eG cf NhJ y;D aemuf OD;bcufonf
udkpdefaomif; ESihf udkvSBudKiftrI(4) wGif jrefrm"avh a':jr&Dukd udwrdå orD;tjzpf 2-10-1978 aeYwiG f oufaocHtrSwf
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wpfa,mufonfvnf;aumif;? omrefaqGrsdK;wpfa,mufonf a':oef;\zcif OD;pdeñ f eG wYf rYkd mS nDtpfut kd &if;awmfpyfí a':jr&DEiS fh
vnf;aumif; rnfrQyif jyKpkapmifha&Smufapumrl tarGcHom;csif; a':oef;rSm nDtpfrwpf0rf;uGaJ wmfpyforl sm;jzpfMuonf/ w&m;NyKd if
rsm;udk tarGrS z,fxkwfjcif;rjyKEkdif[k xHk;jyKonf/ xkdtrIwGif trSwf (2) a':rmvmrSm a':oef;\ wlrt&if;awmfpyfojl zpfonf/
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110 111
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yg 12 yg 12
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122 ud k t"d y Ü m ,f a umuf , l & mwG i f ay;urf ; aomypö n f ; ud k jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyo f kdY 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI
140 137
2015 trSwf 890 wGiv f nf;aumif; tqifq h ift

h ,lcw H ifoiG ;f aomfvnf; w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I + 2015 ckESpf
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 Zlvkdifv 13 &uf
atmifjrifrI r&&Sad cs/ xkaYd Mumifh w&m;vkrd sm;u txl;t,lc0H ifciG fh
(udk,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
jyK&ef 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f 277 wGif avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufygjyóemudk jyefvnf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
ESifh pdppfMum;emEkdif&ef txl;t,lcH0ifcGihfjyKcJhonf- OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif?
a':cifoef;at; OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrihf[efwkdYa&SUwGif
]]oufaocHtrSwf (p) (q) arwåmjzifh tykdifay;
pmcsKyfrsm;onf ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr
122 ESifh nDñGwfrIr&Sdí ay;urf;jcif;rajrmufaom a':&DNyHK; yg 2
aMumifh tcsi;f jzpfOypmudk w&m;vdw k Ydk ykid q
f idk cf iG rfh &Ekid f (ud k , f w k d i f E S i f h t,l c H w &m;vd k trS w f 2 \
ojzifh vufa&muf&cGirfh &Sad Mumif; w&m;½H;k tqifq h ifh tcG i h f & ud k , f p m;vS , f )
\ qH;k jzwfcsuu f kd jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f
ES i f h
vufcHtwnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefrI &Sd r&Sd/}}
a':cif o ef ; at;
at;*
t,lcHw&m;vkdrsm;\a&SUaeu ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;
tufOya'yk'rf 122 jy|mef;csuyf g ]]Gift}} is the transfer of certain
ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 t& ]]tyk d i f
existing moveable or immoveable property qka d om pum;&yfrmS
ay;jcif ; }} wG i f tyk d i f a y;aomypö n f ; onf ay;urf;ol
vuf&w dS nf&adS eaomypön;f [k t"dymÜ ,f&aom pum;&yfrsm;jzpfaMumif;?
OD ; xG e f ; xG e f ; (¤if ; \ud k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol a':at;at;rm) tyk d if a y;
vuf&jdS zpf&ef vkd rvk/d ]]]]tyk y;jjcif;}} wGif tykid af y;onfh
ESifh OD;jrwfaZmfatmiftrI(1) wGif ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya' ypönf;udk tykdif&olu vuf a &muf & &S d & ef vk d rvk d /
yk'fr 122 t& ay;urf;jcif;txajrmuf&efrSm ay;urf;olESifh
vufcHol&Sd&rnf? ay;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf;jzpf&efvkdonf?
+ 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrItrSwf 890 wGif csrSwfaom 2014 ckESpf? ZGefv
ay;olu tzk;d pm;em;rygbJ ay;urf;jcif;jzpf&rnf? ay;aomypön;f udk
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\
144 141
2015 wkdY\ om;ti,fqHk; OD;cifarmifaxG;\ 'kwd,tdrfaxmifjzpfí vufcHolu ay;ol touf&SifqJay;Edkifonfhtajctae&SdpOf 2015

acR;rjzpfaMumif;? a&wm&SnNf rKd Ue,f? a&eDNrKd U? ajrpm&if;tac: uGi;f vufc&H rnf? &,lou l touf&iS pf Of arwåmjzifah y;onfukd &,lol
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
trSwf (737â*G;oH;k yifuiG ;f )? OD;ykid t f rSwf (46)? &Gmajr 0.14 {u&Sd udk,fwkdifjzpfap? &,loludk,fpm; wpfOD;OD;ujzpfap vufcHNyD;rSom w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f ajrESihf ,if;ajray:&Sd tdrf (2) vH;k rSm rdcif a':MuifEktrnfayguf twnfjzpfonf xH;k jyKxm;aMumif;? ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh ykdifqkdifaMumif;? tdrf (2) vHk;rSm NcH\awmifbufwGif (1) vHk;? yk ' f r 122? 123 wk d Y w G i f vuf a &muf a y;tyf & rnf q d k a om ESifh
a':cifoef;at; pum;&yfukd jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? armifyef;NrdKif yg trsm; a':cifoef;at;
ajrmufbufwGif (1) vHk; wnf&SdaMumif;? rdbrsm;rdom;pkonf
awmif b uf t d r f w G i f aexk d i f M uNyD ; ajrmuf b uf t d r f w G i f ES i f h rzG m ;wif t rI (2) wGif tykdif&olbufrS tykdifay;jcif;ukd
ukcd ifarmifaxG; yxrtdraf xmifjyKonft h cg rdcifu cGijfh yKcsujf zifh vufcHaMumif;? tykdifay;pmcsKyfüryg odkYaomf tykdifay;pmcsKyf
aexkdifcGifhjyKcJhaMumif;? w&m;NydKifESifh xyfrHtdrfaxmifjyK&mwGif csKyfNyD;aemuf tykdif&oltrnfodkYajymif;jcif;? tykdif&oltrnfjzifh
tcrJ h a ecG i h f j yKcJ h N yD ; awmif b uf t d r f a tmuf w G i f v nf ; tcGet f caumufcjH cif;? tykdif&olu tykdifay;ypönf;\ iSm;&rf;c
ajrmufbufjcrf;ü aps;qkid zf iG v fh yk u
f ikd cf iG jfh yKcahJ Mumif;? cifyeG ;f jzpfol rsm;ESifh tusKd ;tjrwfcpH m;jcif;wdt
Yk & tydik af y;jcif;udv
k ufcaH Mumif;
5-2-2009 aeYwGif uG,fvGefNyD; wpfvjynfhaeYü w&m;NydKifu aumufcsufcsEkdifonf[k jyqkdxm;aMumif;? ,if;pD&ifxHk;t&
tarGcGJay;&ef? ¤if;aexkdifaom tdrfESifhajrudk wefzdk;xm;í tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHjcif; (acceptance of a gift) omjzpfNyD;
trf;ay;&efajymqkv d mjcif;? ¤if;\ tpfr? nDrrsm;udk aexkid cf iG jhf yKjcif; tykdifay;ypönf;udk vufcHjcif;udk rqkdvdkaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf
jyKvyk vf mojzifh rdcifu 20-3-2009 aeY aemufq;kH z,f&mS ;ay;&efEiS hf (p) (q) tykdifay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;wGif tykdifay;onfudk
cGihfjyKcsufudk ½kyfodrf;aMumif; taMumif;Mum;cJhaMumif;? xkdYaemuf aus;Zl;wifpGm vufcH&,laMumif; azmfjyxm;csuft& tykdif
rdcifu 9-6-2009 aeYwGif tykdifay;jcif; rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyf trSwf ay;jcif;udk vufcHNyD;jzpfaMumif;? OD ; atmif E k d i f (c) OD ; a0vG i f
3^2009 ESifh 4^2009 wkdYjzifh w&m;NydKif vuf&Sdaexkdifaeaom yg 3 ESifh a':vJhvJhMuL yg 3 trI(3) wGif ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;
aetdru f kd w&m;vkt d rSwf (1) ESihf (2) odYk ay;urf;cJah Mumif;? odjYk zpfí tuf O ya'yk ' f r 123 t& ra&T U ajymif ; Ek d i f a omypö n f ; ud k
w&m;vdkrsm;ykdif tdrfESifhajrrS w&m;NydKiftm; z,f&Sm;ay;&ef ay;urf;jcif;wGif vufa&mufay;tyfjcif;jyKrSom ay;urf;jcif;
w&m;pGJqkdjcif;jzpfaMumif; azmfjypGJqkdonf/
(2) 1949 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-338 (w&m;vTwfawmf)/
acsvmT t& w&m;NyKd iEf iS hf udck ifarmifaxG;wkYd tdraf xmif (3) 2012 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-149/
142 143
2015 txajrmufonf[k jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? OD ; yE´ 0 ef ES ih f a':av;wif (¤if ; \ud k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol OD ; tk e f ; wif ) ES i f h 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 OD ; pE´ d r m yg 2 trI(4) wGif rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfjzifh ay;urf;olu OD;atmif0if; yg 3 trI(6)? OD;xGef;xGef; (¤if;\ udk,fpm;vS,f a':&DNyHK; yg 2
vufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;urf;&mwGif w&m;0if vufxd vufa&muf pm&ol a':at;at;rm) ESifh OD;jrwfaZmfatmif trI(1) wkdYudk
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \ w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ay;tyfjcif;onf tykdvkyf½kd;vkyfpOfrQomjzpfonf[k xHk;jyKaMumif;? uk d ; um;í arwå m jzif h a y;aomypö n f ; onf ay;urf ; ol tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh ,cktrIwGif ay;urf;onfhypönf;udk ay;urf;ol a':MuifEkykdifqkdif vuf & S d j zpf & ef v d k a Mumif ; ? vuf a &muf a y;urf ; cJ h j cif ; r&S d y gu ESifh
a':cifoef;at; aMumif;? ¤if;u tzkd;pm;em;rygbJ ay;urf;aMumif;? ay;ol ay;urf;jcif; txrajrmufaMumif;? ,cktrIwGif t,lcHw&m;vdk a':cifoef;at;
touf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tajctaewGif ay;urf;jcif;jzpfNyD; a':&DNyKH ;tm; jyefveS pf pfar;csut f & oufaocHrw S yf w
kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;
vufcH&,lolrsm;u rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;wGif tykdifay;onfukd csKyf q k d a y;urf ; pOf w G i f pmcsKyf r sm;yg tcsif ; jzpf t d r f a jronf
vufcH&,laMumif; xif&Sm;aeygojzihf oufaocH trSwf (p) ESifh
ay;urf ; ol a':Muif E k v uf & S d r [k w f b J t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if
(q) ay;urf;jcif;pmcsKyfrsm;onf ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif; tufOya'
a':cifoef;at;\ vuf&SdjzpfaMumif;? ay;urf;cH&ol t,lcH
yk'fr 122 ESihf nDñGwfrIr&Sdí ay;urf;jcif;rajrmufaMumif;
w&m;vkrd sm;onf ay;urf;aomypön;f udk vufa&mufr&&Scd ahJ Mumif;
w&m;½H;k tqifq h if\ h qH;k jzwfcsurf mS Oya'ESin fh ñ
D w
G rf rI &Sad Mumif;?
xif&mS ;ay:aygufaeaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tay;
þt,lcrH u I kd cGijfh yKí tEkid 'f u
D &DcsrwS o
f ihaf Mumif;jzifh avQmufvJ
rSwyf wkH ifpmcsKyrf sm;onf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122
wifjyonf/
ESifh nDñGwfrIr&Sdí xkday;urf;jcif;onf w&m;r0ifaomaMumifh
t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if \ a&S U aeu ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; ysufjy,fonfhpmcsKyfrsm;jzpfaMumif;? xkdpmcsKyfrsm;t& tcsif;jzpf
tufOya'yk'fr 122 udk yk'fr 124 ESihf wGJzufavhvmygu yk'fr tdrfajronf t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;ykdifr[kwfaomaMumifh w&m;½Hk;
124 wGif vuf&Sdypönf;ESifh aemifwGifay:aygufrnfh ypönf;rsm;udk
tqifq h if\ h qk;H jzwfcsuo f nf rSeu
f efr&I adS Mumif;? þtxl;t,lcrH I
aygif;í arwåmjzifhay;vQif aemifwGif ay:aygufrnfhypönf;ESifh
udk yvyfoifhaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ywfoufí ysufjy,faMumif; jy|mef;xm;ojzifh ykk'fr 122 wGif
ay;urf;jcif;onf vuf&Sdypönf;udk vTJajymif;ay;jcif;jzpfonf[k tqdkvTmt& w&m;vdktrSwf (1) onf weftif;pdef
jy|mef;xm;aMumif;? OD;armifjr yg 6 ESihf roef;oef;csdKtrI(5)? (c) OD;pdefESifh a':MuifEkwkdY\ orD;jzpfNyD; w&m;vdktrSwf (2) rSm
(4) ILR &efukef twGJ (2)? pm-131/ ajr; jzpfaMumif;? w&m;NyKd if a':cifoef;at;rSm OD;pdeEf iS hf a':MuifEk
142 143
2015 txajrmufonf[k jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? OD ; yE´ 0 ef ES ih f a':av;wif (¤if ; \ud k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol OD ; tk e f ; wif ) ES i f h 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 OD ; pE´ d r m yg 2 trI(4) wGif rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfjzifh ay;urf;olu OD;atmif0if; yg 3 trI(6)? OD;xGef;xGef; (¤if;\ udk,fpm;vS,f a':&DNyHK; yg 2
vufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;urf;&mwGif w&m;0if vufxd vufa&muf pm&ol a':at;at;rm) ESifh OD;jrwfaZmfatmif trI(1) wkdYudk
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ay;tyfjcif;onf tykdvkyf½kd;vkyfpOfrQomjzpfonf[k xHk;jyKaMumif;? uk d ; um;í arwå m jzif h a y;aomypö n f ; onf ay;urf ; ol tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh ,cktrIwGif ay;urf;onfhypönf;udk ay;urf;ol a':MuifEkykdifqkdif vuf & S d j zpf & ef v d k a Mumif ; ? vuf a &muf a y;urf ; cJ h j cif ; r&S d y gu ESifh
a':cifoef;at; aMumif;? ¤if;u tzkd;pm;em;rygbJ ay;urf;aMumif;? ay;ol ay;urf;jcif; txrajrmufaMumif;? ,cktrIwGif t,lcHw&m;vdk a':cifoef;at;
touf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tajctaewGif ay;urf;jcif;jzpfNyD; a':&DNyKH ;tm; jyefveS pf pfar;csut f & oufaocHrw S yf w
kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;
vufcH&,lolrsm;u rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;wGif tykdifay;onfukd csKyf q k d a y;urf ; pOf w G i f pmcsKyf r sm;yg tcsif ; jzpf t d r f a jronf
vufcH&,laMumif; xif&Sm;aeygojzihf oufaocH trSwf (p) ESifh
ay;urf ; ol a':Muif E k v uf & S d r [k w f b J t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if
(q) ay;urf;jcif;pmcsKyfrsm;onf ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif; tufOya'
a':cifoef;at;\ vuf&SdjzpfaMumif;? ay;urf;cH&ol t,lcH
yk'fr 122 ESihf nDñGwfrIr&Sdí ay;urf;jcif;rajrmufaMumif;
w&m;vkrd sm;onf ay;urf;aomypön;f udk vufa&mufr&&Scd ahJ Mumif;
w&m;½H;k tqifq h if\ h qH;k jzwfcsurf mS Oya'ESin fh ñ
D w
G rf rI &Sad Mumif;?
xif&mS ;ay:aygufaeaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tay;
þt,lcrH u I kd cGijfh yKí tEkid 'f u
D &DcsrwS o
f ihaf Mumif;jzifh avQmufvJ
rSwyf wkH ifpmcsKyrf sm;onf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122
wifjyonf/
ESifh nDñGwfrIr&Sdí xkday;urf;jcif;onf w&m;r0ifaomaMumifh
t,l c H w &m;Nyd K if \ a&S U aeu ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; ysufjy,fonfhpmcsKyfrsm;jzpfaMumif;? xkdpmcsKyfrsm;t& tcsif;jzpf
tufOya'yk'fr 122 udk yk'fr 124 ESihf wGJzufavhvmygu yk'fr tdrfajronf t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;ykdifr[kwfaomaMumifh w&m;½Hk;
124 wGif vuf&Sdypönf;ESifh aemifwGifay:aygufrnfh ypönf;rsm;udk
tqifq h if\ h qk;H jzwfcsuo f nf rSeu
f efr&I adS Mumif;? þtxl;t,lcrH I
aygif;í arwåmjzifhay;vQif aemifwGif ay:aygufrnfhypönf;ESifh
udk yvyfoifhaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ywfoufí ysufjy,faMumif; jy|mef;xm;ojzifh ykk'fr 122 wGif
ay;urf;jcif;onf vuf&Sdypönf;udk vTJajymif;ay;jcif;jzpfonf[k tqdkvTmt& w&m;vdktrSwf (1) onf weftif;pdef
jy|mef;xm;aMumif;? OD;armifjr yg 6 ESihf roef;oef;csdKtrI(5)? (c) OD;pdefESifh a':MuifEkwkdY\ orD;jzpfNyD; w&m;vdktrSwf (2) rSm
(4) ILR &efukef twGJ (2)? pm-131/ ajr; jzpfaMumif;? w&m;NyKd if a':cifoef;at;rSm OD;pdeEf iS hf a':MuifEk
144 141
2015 wkdY\ om;ti,fqHk; OD;cifarmifaxG;\ 'kwd,tdrfaxmifjzpfí vufcHolu ay;ol touf&SifqJay;Edkifonfhtajctae&SdpOf 2015

acR;rjzpfaMumif;? a&wm&SnNf rKd Ue,f? a&eDNrKd U? ajrpm&if;tac: uGi;f vufc&H rnf? &,lou l touf&iS pf Of arwåmjzifah y;onfukd &,lol
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
trSwf (737â*G;oH;k yifuiG ;f )? OD;ykid t f rSwf (46)? &Gmajr 0.14 {u&Sd udk,fwkdifjzpfap? &,loludk,fpm; wpfOD;OD;ujzpfap vufcHNyD;rSom w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f ajrESihf ,if;ajray:&Sd tdrf (2) vH;k rSm rdcif a':MuifEktrnfayguf twnfjzpfonf xH;k jyKxm;aMumif;? ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh ykdifqkdifaMumif;? tdrf (2) vHk;rSm NcH\awmifbufwGif (1) vHk;? yk ' f r 122? 123 wk d Y w G i f vuf a &muf a y;tyf & rnf q d k a om ESifh
a':cifoef;at; pum;&yfukd jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? armifyef;NrdKif yg trsm; a':cifoef;at;
ajrmufbufwGif (1) vHk; wnf&SdaMumif;? rdbrsm;rdom;pkonf
awmif b uf t d r f w G i f aexk d i f M uNyD ; ajrmuf b uf t d r f w G i f ES i f h rzG m ;wif t rI (2) wGif tykdif&olbufrS tykdifay;jcif;ukd
ukcd ifarmifaxG; yxrtdraf xmifjyKonft h cg rdcifu cGijfh yKcsujf zifh vufcHaMumif;? tykdifay;pmcsKyfüryg odkYaomf tykdifay;pmcsKyf
aexkdifcGifhjyKcJhaMumif;? w&m;NydKifESifh xyfrHtdrfaxmifjyK&mwGif csKyfNyD;aemuf tykdif&oltrnfodkYajymif;jcif;? tykdif&oltrnfjzifh
tcrJ h a ecG i h f j yKcJ h N yD ; awmif b uf t d r f a tmuf w G i f v nf ; tcGet f caumufcjH cif;? tykdif&olu tykdifay;ypönf;\ iSm;&rf;c
ajrmufbufjcrf;ü aps;qkid zf iG v fh yk u
f ikd cf iG jfh yKcahJ Mumif;? cifyeG ;f jzpfol rsm;ESifh tusKd ;tjrwfcpH m;jcif;wdt
Yk & tydik af y;jcif;udv
k ufcaH Mumif;
5-2-2009 aeYwGif uG,fvGefNyD; wpfvjynfhaeYü w&m;NydKifu aumufcsufcsEkdifonf[k jyqkdxm;aMumif;? ,if;pD&ifxHk;t&
tarGcGJay;&ef? ¤if;aexkdifaom tdrfESifhajrudk wefzdk;xm;í tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHjcif; (acceptance of a gift) omjzpfNyD;
trf;ay;&efajymqkv d mjcif;? ¤if;\ tpfr? nDrrsm;udk aexkid cf iG jhf yKjcif; tykdifay;ypönf;udk vufcHjcif;udk rqkdvdkaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf
jyKvyk vf mojzifh rdcifu 20-3-2009 aeY aemufq;kH z,f&mS ;ay;&efEiS hf (p) (q) tykdifay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;wGif tykdifay;onfudk
cGihfjyKcsufudk ½kyfodrf;aMumif; taMumif;Mum;cJhaMumif;? xkdYaemuf aus;Zl;wifpGm vufcH&,laMumif; azmfjyxm;csuft& tykdif
rdcifu 9-6-2009 aeYwGif tykdifay;jcif; rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyf trSwf ay;jcif;udk vufcHNyD;jzpfaMumif;? OD ; atmif E k d i f (c) OD ; a0vG i f
3^2009 ESifh 4^2009 wkdYjzifh w&m;NydKif vuf&Sdaexkdifaeaom yg 3 ESifh a':vJhvJhMuL yg 3 trI(3) wGif ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;
aetdru f kd w&m;vkt d rSwf (1) ESihf (2) odYk ay;urf;cJah Mumif;? odjYk zpfí tuf O ya'yk ' f r 123 t& ra&T U ajymif ; Ek d i f a omypö n f ; ud k
w&m;vdkrsm;ykdif tdrfESifhajrrS w&m;NydKiftm; z,f&Sm;ay;&ef ay;urf;jcif;wGif vufa&mufay;tyfjcif;jyKrSom ay;urf;jcif;
w&m;pGJqkdjcif;jzpfaMumif; azmfjypGJqkdonf/
(2) 1949 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-338 (w&m;vTwfawmf)/
acsvmT t& w&m;NyKd iEf iS hf udck ifarmifaxG;wkYd tdraf xmif (3) 2012 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-149/
148 145
2015 jrefrmpmtzGUJ OD;pD;Xmeuxkwaf 0aom t*Fvyd -f jrefrm usonfh 25-4-2004 aeYrwkdifrDuwnf;u rdcif a':MuifEkonf 2015
tbd"mef (2003 ckEpS x
f w
k )f wGif ]]certain }} \ t"dymÜ ,fukd ]],Hrk mS ;zG,f awmifilNrdKU&Sd orD; a':cifoef;tdrfwGif a&muf&SdaexkdifcJhaMumif;?
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
r&Sdaom? aocsmaom}} [lí jyqkdxm;NyD; ]]exist}} \ t"dyÜm,fudk vGefcJhaom (19) ESpfuwnf;u rdbrsm;u w&m;NydKif\cifyGef; w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f ]]wnfonf? &Sdonf? wnf&Sdonf}} [lí jyqkdxm;aMumif; awGUjrif udkcifarmifaxG;tm; tcsif;jzpftdrfajrudk tarGtjzpf vufa&muf tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh Ekid o
f nf/ vTaJ jymif;ay;urf;cJNh y;D jzpfaMumif;? a':MuifEt k rnfjzifh tcGerf sm;udk ESifh
a':cifoef;at; cifyeG ;f u xrf;aqmifjcif;? *kad 'gif (2) cef; aqmufvyk jf cif;? tkww f wH idk ;f a':cifoef;at;
ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 124 wGif ]]A gift
comprising both existing and future property is void as to the lat-
um&Hjcif;wkdYjzifh udk,fykdiftjzpf toHk;jyKcJhaMumif;? awmifbuf (4)
ter.}}[k jy|mef;xm;&m wnf&Sdaomypönf;ESifh aemifwGifay:ayguf cef;wGJ tdrfajrudkvnf; (2) cef;pDESifh ajrukd om; udkarmifudkESihf
rnfyh pön;f wkyYd g0ifaom tykid af y;jcif;wGif aemifwiG af y:aygufrnfh orD; a':&DNyHK;wkdYtm; tarGtjzpf rdbrsm;u ay;urf;cJhNyD; ¤if;wkdY
ypön;f ESiphf yfvsO;f í ysujf y,fonf[k jy|mef;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/ vuf&adS exkid cf MhJuaMumif;? awmifbuftrd af tmufxyf ajrmufbufjcrf;
wGif a':&DNyKH ;ESifh n§Ed iId ;f í qkid zf iG cfh jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;? cifyeG ;f uG,vf eG Nf y;D
ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 ESihf yk'rf 124
tarGawmif;cJhjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tarGcGJa0ay;NyD;jzpfí tarG
wku
Yd kd ,SOw
f aJG xmufcsiyhf gu ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qko d nfrmS wnf&adS om?
awmif;&eftaMumif;r&SdaMumif;? rSwfyHkwiftay;pmcsKyfrsm;rSm
wnfqyJ pön;f udk vTaJ jymif;ay;jcif;udk qkv d jdk cif;jzpfonf/ aemifwiG f
a':MuifEk\ vuf&Sdr[kwfaomypönf;udkay;jcif;? vufcHolrsm;u
ay:aygufrnfhypönf;udk tykdifay;jcif;onf ysufjy,faomaMumifh
vufa&mufr&jcif;wkdYaMumifh Oya'ESifhrnDojzihf ysufjy,faMumif;?
wnf&Sdaom? wnfqJjzpfonfhypönf;udkomvQif tykdifay;jcif;jyKEkdif
odjYk zpfí w&m;vkrd sm;u ykid q f idk rf rI &So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &kd ef taMumif;
aMumif; ay:vGifonf/
ray:aygufaMumif;jzifh acsyonf/
OD;xGef;xGef;(¤if;\ukd,fpm;vS,fpm&ol
tcsif;jzpf a&wm&SnfNrdKUe,f? a&eDNrdKU? uGif;trSwf
a':at;at;rm) ESifh OD;jrwfaZmfatmiftrI(1)? a':av;wif (737â*G;oHk;yifuGif;)? OD;ykdiftrSwf (46)? 0.14 {u&Sd ajrESifh
(¤if;\udk,fpm;vS,fpm&ol OD ; tk e f ; wif ) ES i f h OD ; atmif 0 if ;
tusKd ;cHpm;cGit
fh &yf&yfukd trnfaygufyidk q
f idk of l rdcif a':MuifEu k
yg 3 trI(6) wkdYwGif ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 t&
orD;jzpfol a':&DNyHK; ESihf ajr;jzpfol armifrsdK;aZmfOD;wkdY (2) OD;tm;
arwå m jzif h ay;urf ; jcif ; txajrmuf & ef r S m ay;ol E S i h f
16-3-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (p) arwåmjzifh tykdif
146 147
2015 ay;urf;jcif;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyt

f rSwf 3^2009 csKyq f ídk vnf;aumif;? ½kyfodrf;cJhojzihf w&m;NydKifonf cGihfjyKcsufjzifh aeolr[kwfawmhbJ 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2
18-5-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (q) tykdifay;rSwfyHkwif ykid &f iS f a':MuifEt
k m; qefu
Y siv
f uf&x dS m;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':MuifEk a':&DNyHK; yg 2
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \ pmcsKyt f rSwf 4^2009 jzifh orD; a':&DNyKH ;tm; tqkyd g OD;ykid t f rSwf u tcsi;f jzpfOypmudk vuf&rdS jzpfonft h ajctaewGif w&m;vdw k Ydk
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f (46) ajruGuftwGif; wnf&Sdaom ajrmufbuf&Sd (2) xyf aetdrf tm; ay;urf;jcif;onf ,if;Oya'yk'rf 122 ESirfh nDojzifh ay;urf; tcGi&hf ud, k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh taqmufttHEk iS hf tusKd ;cHpm;cGit fh m;vH;k udv
k nf;aumif; ay;urf; jcif;onf w&m;r0ifaomaMumifh ysujf y,faMumif;? w&m;vdrk sm;onf ESifh
a':cifoef;at;
cJo h nf/ tqkyd g tay;pmcsKyrf sm;udk taMumif;jyKí w&m;vkrd sm;u ykid &f iS jf zpfrvmí vufa&muf&cGirfh &Sad Mumif; aumuf,q l ;kH jzwfcjhJ cif; a':cifoef;at;
ykid qf idk af Mumif; tqkjd yKum w&m;NyKd if a':cifoef;at;aexkid v f suf jzpfonf/
&Sad om tcsi;f ajrESihf taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&vkrd I pGq
J jdk cif;jzpf tydkifay;jcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf
onf/ Oya'yk'fr 122 wGif tykdifay;jcif;\ t"dyÜm,fudkvnf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyuf a':av;wif ESifh yk'rf 124 wGif wnfqyJ pön;f ESifh aemifwiG af y:aygufrnfyh pön;f wku
Yd kd
OD;atmif0if; yg 3 trI(6) udk udk;um;vsuf ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif; tykid af y;jcif;udv
k nf;aumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/
tufOya'yk'fr 122 t& arwåmjzifh ay;urf;jcif;txajrmuf&ef ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 wG i f
ay;urf;olESihf vufcHol&Sd&rnf? ay;urf;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sd ay;urf;jcif;udk atmufygtwkdif; t"dyÜm,fzGihfqkdxm;onf-
ypönf;jzpf&efvkdonf? ay;olu tzdk;pm;em;rygbJ ay;urf;&rnf?
]]S.122. ]]Gift}} is the transfer of certain existing move-
ay;olu rdrdykdifypönf;udk vTJajymif;ay;&rnf? ay;aomypönf;ukd
able or immoveable property, made voluntarily and without con-
vufcHolu ay;oltouf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tajctae&SdpOf
sideration, by one person, called the donor, to another, called the
vufcH&rnf? &,lol touf&SifpOf arwåmjzifhay;onfudk &,lol
donee, and accepted by or on behalf of the donee.}}
udk,fwkdifjzpfap? &,loludk,fpm; wpfOD;OD;ujzpfap vufcHNyD;rSom
twnfjzpfonf[k jyqkdxm;ojzifh oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESifh (q) tqkyd g yk'rf 122 wGif ]]Gift}} is the transfer of certain
tay;pmcsKyfrsm; csKyfqdkcsdefwGif ay;ol a':MuifEkonf tcsif;jzpf existing moveable or immoveable property,}} [lí jy|mef;xm;&m
OypmwGif vuf&Sdaexkdifjcif;r[kwf? w&m;NydKifvuf&Sdaevsuf tykdifay;onfhypönf;rSm certain existing ]]wnf&Sdaom ypönf;}} ukd
&SdaMumif;? a':MuifEku tcrJhcGihfjyKcsufudk 9-3-2009 aeYwGif qkdvdkaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/
146 147
2015 ay;urf;jcif;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyt

f rSwf 3^2009 csKyq f ídk vnf;aumif;? ½kyfodrf;cJhojzihf w&m;NydKifonf cGihfjyKcsufjzifh aeolr[kwfawmhbJ 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2
18-5-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (q) tykdifay;rSwfyHkwif ykid &f iS f a':MuifEt
k m; qefu
Y siv
f uf&x dS m;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':MuifEk a':&DNyHK; yg 2
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \ pmcsKyt f rSwf 4^2009 jzifh orD; a':&DNyKH ;tm; tqkyd g OD;ykid t f rSwf u tcsi;f jzpfOypmudk vuf&rdS jzpfonft h ajctaewGif w&m;vdw k Ydk
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f (46) ajruGuftwGif; wnf&Sdaom ajrmufbuf&Sd (2) xyf aetdrf tm; ay;urf;jcif;onf ,if;Oya'yk'rf 122 ESirfh nDojzifh ay;urf; tcGi&hf ud, k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh taqmufttHEk iS hf tusKd ;cHpm;cGit fh m;vH;k udv
k nf;aumif; ay;urf; jcif;onf w&m;r0ifaomaMumifh ysujf y,faMumif;? w&m;vdrk sm;onf ESifh
a':cifoef;at;
cJo h nf/ tqkyd g tay;pmcsKyrf sm;udk taMumif;jyKí w&m;vkrd sm;u ykid &f iS jf zpfrvmí vufa&muf&cGirfh &Sad Mumif; aumuf,q l ;kH jzwfcjhJ cif; a':cifoef;at;
ykid qf idk af Mumif; tqkjd yKum w&m;NyKd if a':cifoef;at;aexkid v f suf jzpfonf/
&Sad om tcsi;f ajrESihf taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&vkrd I pGq
J jdk cif;jzpf tydkifay;jcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf
onf/ Oya'yk'fr 122 wGif tykdifay;jcif;\ t"dyÜm,fudkvnf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyuf a':av;wif ESifh yk'rf 124 wGif wnfqyJ pön;f ESifh aemifwiG af y:aygufrnfyh pön;f wku
Yd kd
OD;atmif0if; yg 3 trI(6) udk udk;um;vsuf ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif; tykid af y;jcif;udv
k nf;aumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/
tufOya'yk'fr 122 t& arwåmjzifh ay;urf;jcif;txajrmuf&ef ypö n f ; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 wG i f
ay;urf;olESihf vufcHol&Sd&rnf? ay;urf;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sd ay;urf;jcif;udk atmufygtwkdif; t"dyÜm,fzGihfqkdxm;onf-
ypönf;jzpf&efvkdonf? ay;olu tzdk;pm;em;rygbJ ay;urf;&rnf?
]]S.122. ]]Gift}} is the transfer of certain existing move-
ay;olu rdrdykdifypönf;udk vTJajymif;ay;&rnf? ay;aomypönf;ukd
able or immoveable property, made voluntarily and without con-
vufcHolu ay;oltouf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tajctae&SdpOf
sideration, by one person, called the donor, to another, called the
vufcH&rnf? &,lol touf&SifpOf arwåmjzifhay;onfudk &,lol
donee, and accepted by or on behalf of the donee.}}
udk,fwkdifjzpfap? &,loludk,fpm; wpfOD;OD;ujzpfap vufcHNyD;rSom
twnfjzpfonf[k jyqkdxm;ojzifh oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESifh (q) tqkyd g yk'rf 122 wGif ]]Gift}} is the transfer of certain
tay;pmcsKyfrsm; csKyfqdkcsdefwGif ay;ol a':MuifEkonf tcsif;jzpf existing moveable or immoveable property,}} [lí jy|mef;xm;&m
OypmwGif vuf&Sdaexkdifjcif;r[kwf? w&m;NydKifvuf&Sdaevsuf tykdifay;onfhypönf;rSm certain existing ]]wnf&Sdaom ypönf;}} ukd
&SdaMumif;? a':MuifEku tcrJhcGihfjyKcsufudk 9-3-2009 aeYwGif qkdvdkaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/
148 145
2015 jrefrmpmtzGUJ OD;pD;Xmeuxkwaf 0aom t*Fvyd -f jrefrm usonfh 25-4-2004 aeYrwkdifrDuwnf;u rdcif a':MuifEkonf 2015
tbd"mef (2003 ckEpS x
f w
k )f wGif ]]certain }} \ t"dymÜ ,fukd ]],Hrk mS ;zG,f awmifilNrdKU&Sd orD; a':cifoef;tdrfwGif a&muf&SdaexkdifcJhaMumif;?
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
r&Sdaom? aocsmaom}} [lí jyqkdxm;NyD; ]]exist}} \ t"dyÜm,fudk vGefcJhaom (19) ESpfuwnf;u rdbrsm;u w&m;NydKif\cifyGef; w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f ]]wnfonf? &Sdonf? wnf&Sdonf}} [lí jyqkdxm;aMumif; awGUjrif udkcifarmifaxG;tm; tcsif;jzpftdrfajrudk tarGtjzpf vufa&muf tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh Ekid o
f nf/ vTaJ jymif;ay;urf;cJNh y;D jzpfaMumif;? a':MuifEt k rnfjzifh tcGerf sm;udk ESifh
a':cifoef;at; cifyeG ;f u xrf;aqmifjcif;? *kad 'gif (2) cef; aqmufvyk jf cif;? tkww f wH idk ;f a':cifoef;at;
ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 124 wGif ]]A gift
comprising both existing and future property is void as to the lat-
um&Hjcif;wkdYjzifh udk,fykdiftjzpf toHk;jyKcJhaMumif;? awmifbuf (4)
ter.}}[k jy|mef;xm;&m wnf&Sdaomypönf;ESifh aemifwGifay:ayguf cef;wGJ tdrfajrudkvnf; (2) cef;pDESifh ajrukd om; udkarmifudkESihf
rnfyh pön;f wkyYd g0ifaom tykid af y;jcif;wGif aemifwiG af y:aygufrnfh orD; a':&DNyHK;wkdYtm; tarGtjzpf rdbrsm;u ay;urf;cJhNyD; ¤if;wkdY
ypön;f ESiphf yfvsO;f í ysujf y,fonf[k jy|mef;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf/ vuf&adS exkid cf MhJuaMumif;? awmifbuftrd af tmufxyf ajrmufbufjcrf;
wGif a':&DNyKH ;ESifh n§Ed iId ;f í qkid zf iG cfh jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;? cifyeG ;f uG,vf eG Nf y;D
ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 ESihf yk'rf 124
tarGawmif;cJhjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tarGcGJa0ay;NyD;jzpfí tarG
wku
Yd kd ,SOw
f aJG xmufcsiyhf gu ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qko d nfrmS wnf&adS om?
awmif;&eftaMumif;r&SdaMumif;? rSwfyHkwiftay;pmcsKyfrsm;rSm
wnfqyJ pön;f udk vTaJ jymif;ay;jcif;udk qkv d jdk cif;jzpfonf/ aemifwiG f
a':MuifEk\ vuf&Sdr[kwfaomypönf;udkay;jcif;? vufcHolrsm;u
ay:aygufrnfhypönf;udk tykdifay;jcif;onf ysufjy,faomaMumifh
vufa&mufr&jcif;wkdYaMumifh Oya'ESifhrnDojzihf ysufjy,faMumif;?
wnf&Sdaom? wnfqJjzpfonfhypönf;udkomvQif tykdifay;jcif;jyKEkdif
odjYk zpfí w&m;vkrd sm;u ykid q f idk rf rI &So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &kd ef taMumif;
aMumif; ay:vGifonf/
ray:aygufaMumif;jzifh acsyonf/
OD;xGef;xGef;(¤if;\ukd,fpm;vS,fpm&ol
tcsif;jzpf a&wm&SnfNrdKUe,f? a&eDNrdKU? uGif;trSwf
a':at;at;rm) ESifh OD;jrwfaZmfatmiftrI(1)? a':av;wif (737â*G;oHk;yifuGif;)? OD;ykdiftrSwf (46)? 0.14 {u&Sd ajrESifh
(¤if;\udk,fpm;vS,fpm&ol OD ; tk e f ; wif ) ES i f h OD ; atmif 0 if ;
tusKd ;cHpm;cGit
fh &yf&yfukd trnfaygufyidk q
f idk of l rdcif a':MuifEu k
yg 3 trI(6) wkdYwGif ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 t&
orD;jzpfol a':&DNyHK; ESihf ajr;jzpfol armifrsdK;aZmfOD;wkdY (2) OD;tm;
arwå m jzif h ay;urf ; jcif ; txajrmuf & ef r S m ay;ol E S i h f
16-3-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (p) arwåmjzifh tykdif
152 149
2015 uREkfyfwkdY oabmrwlay/ vufcHol&Sd&rnf/ arwåmjzifhay;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf; 2015

,cktrIwGif 16-3-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf jzpf&efvkdonf? ay;olu rdrdtvkdtavsmuf tzdk;pm;em;ryg&SdbJ
(ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH (udk,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
(p) ESihf 18-5-2009 &ufpyJG g oufaocHtrSwf (q) tykid af y;jcif; ay;urf;jcif;jzpf&rnf? ay;olu rdryd idk yf pön;f udk vTaJ jymif;ay;&rnf?
tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f rSwyf w
kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;wGif tykid af y;ol a':MuifEu
k tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh ay;aomypönf;udk vufcHolu ay;oltouf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh
tusKd ;cHpm;cGirfh sm;? ,if;ajray:&Sd ajrmufbuf&dS (2) xyf taqmuf tajctae&SdpOf vufcH&rnf[k xHk;zGJUonf/ ESifh
ttHkESifh tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm;tm;vHk;udk tzkd;pm;em;r&SdbJ vTJajymif; t,lcHw&m;NydKif\a&SUaeu txufyg pD&ifxHk;rsm;udk
ay;&mwGif tykdif&,lol t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;u tykdifay;jcif;udk udk;um;í arwåmjzihfay;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&ef
aus;Zl;wif0rf;ajrmufpGmjzifh vufcH&,laMumif; azmfjycsKyfqdkxm; vdak Mumif;? ,cktrIwiG f tay;pmcsKyrf sm;yg tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrrf mS
aMumif; awGU&onf/ tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf csKyq
f adk y;urf;pOfwiG f ay;urf;ol a':MuifEk
rlv½H;k w&m;vdk a':&DNyKH ;u ½H;k a&SUxGuq f &dk mwGif rdcifBu;D vuf&Sdr[kwfaomaMumifh tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;onf ypönf;
u oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tykid af y;jcif;rSwyf w kH if pmcsKyrf sm; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 ES i h f nD ñ G w f r I r &S d o jzif h
csKyfqkday;NyD;aemuf 9-6-2009 aeYwGif rdcifBuD; a':cifpef;ESifh ysufjy,faMumif; wifjyonf/
rdrdwkdYonf tykdifay;onfh tdrfNcHajrokdY oGm;a&mufum (&,u) ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 jy|mef;csuf
Ouú | OD ; armif x l ; ES i h f td r f e D ; csif ; rsm;jzpf a om OD ; wif x G e f ; ? t&qkdvQif ]]tykdifay;jcif;}} rSm wnfqJa&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;
rpef;pef;,Ofwu Ydk kd ac:,lNy;D rdcifBu;D u tykid af y;pmcsKyrf sm;jyoí odkYr[kwf ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk _ _ _ vTJajymif;ay;jcif;
pmcsKyfygypönf;rsm;udk rdrdwkdYtm; vufa&mufay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? omjzpfí txufyg pD&ifx;kH rsm;wGif xH;k zGUJ xm;onfh arwåmjzifah y;
rdrw
d uYdk vnf; rdcifBu;D rS ay;onfukd vufcaH Mumif;jzifh xGuq f o
dk nf/ aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonfqkdjcif;rSm tykdifay;
xkdpOfu (&,u) Ouú|jzpfol OD;armifxl; (vkdjy-1) aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;
u a':Muif E k u vma&muf & ef a c:ojzif h tcsif ; jzpf N cH a jr&S d r[kwfbJ wnfqJypönf;jzpf&efvkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;omjzpfaMumif;
awmifbuftrd o f oYkd mG ;&m OD;wifxeG ;f ? rpef;pef;,OfwaYdk &mufaeonf awGUjrifEikd o
f nf/ xkaYd Mumifh ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122
udk awGUaMumif;? a':MuifEku tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;udk jyoí wGif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qkdonfrSm tykdifay;aomypönf;onf wnfqJ
150 151
2015 ypön;f jzpf&efvadk Mumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfNy;D ay;urf;ol\ vuf&dS tykdifay;aomypönf;udk vufcHonf[k rqkdvdkay/ xkdYaMumifh yk'fr 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 ypönf;jzpf&rnf[k qkdvkdjcif;r[kwfay/ odkYjzpfí t,lcHw&m;NydKif 122 udk t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&mwGif tykdifay;aomypönf;udk a':&DNyHK; yg 2
(udk,fwkdifESihf t,lcH (ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
a&SUae\ tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyf csKyfqkday;urf;pOfwGif tay; vufa&mufay;tyfonfjh yóem tusKH ;r0ifaMumif; xif&mS ;onf/
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
pmcsKyfyg tcsif;jzpfajrESifh tdrfrSm ay;urf;ol a':MuifEk\ vuf&Sd armifyef;NrdKif yg trsm; ESifh rzGm;wiftrI(2) wGif tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f
ESifh r[kwfaomaMumifh tykdifay;jcif;ysufjy,faMumif; wifjycsufudk tykdif&olbufrS tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHaMumif; tykdifay;pmcsKyfü ESifh
a':cifoef;at; vufcEH idk rf nf r[kwaf cs/ a':cifoef;at;
ryg/ odkYaomf tykdifay;pmcsKyf csKyfqkdNyD;aemuf tykdif&oltrnfodkY
t,lcHw&m;NydKif\a&SUaeu OD ; armif j r yg 6 ES i h f ajymif;jcif;? tykdif&oltrnfjzifh tcGeftcaumufcHjcif;ESifh tykdif
roef;oef;csKdtrI(5) udk uk;d um;vsuf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' &olu tykid af y;ypön;f \ iSm;&rf;crsm;ESihf tusKd ;tjrwfrsm;cHpm;jcif;
yk'fr 122 t& ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk tykdifay;jcif;wGif wkt
Yd & tykid af y;jcif;udv
k ufcaH Mumif; aumufcsucf sEidk o
f nf[k jyqkd
xm;onf/ þpD&ifx;kH yg ]]acceptance of a gift}} [laom jyqkcd suu f kd
vufa&mufay;urf;jcif;r&Syd gu tykid af y;jcif;txrajrmufaMumif;?
axmufcsifhygu yk'fr 122 yg accepted onf tydkifay;jcif;udk
,cktrIwGif ay;urf;cH&ol t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf ay;urf;aom
vufcHjcif;om jzpfaMumif; ay:vGifonf/
ypön;f udk vufa&mufr&&Scd ahJ omaMumifh tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;
onf Oya'ESihfrnD ysufjy,faMumif; wifjyxm;onf/ odkYtwGuf OD ; armif j r yg 6 ES i f h roef ; oef ; csd K trI (5) wGif
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 yg jy|mef;csuft& ]]rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k \ tqd k v T m ? ¤if ; \xG u f q k d c suf E S i f h trI w G J
]]tykdifay;jcif;}} qkd&mwGif tykdifay;onfhypönf;udk tykdif&olu ay:aygufcsut f & ay;urf;jcif;pmcsKyt f rSwf 15^80 jzifh ay;urf;
vufa&muf&&Sd&ef vkdtyfjcif; &Sd r&Sdudk pdppf&efjzpfonf/ jcif;udk vufcH&,lolrsm;u vufa&mufr&cJhojzifh xdkay;urf;jcif;
rSwyf wkH ifpmcsKyo f nf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' yk'rf 122 ESifh
txufyg ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg nDñGwfrI r&Sdí xkday;urf;jcif;onf w&m;r0if aomaMumifh
jy|mef;csufrsm;wGif 0gusESpfckyg&SdNyD; ,if;0guswkdYudk ]]and}} jzifh ysujf y,fonfh pmcsKyjf zpfaMumif; awGU&S&d onf}} [k xH;k zGUJ xm;onf/
qufxm;NyD; and \aemufwGif accepted [k oHk;xm;onfjzpf&m
tqkyd g pD&ifx;kH wGif ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf
xkdBud,m\uwåm;onf yxr0gus\uwåm; ]]gift}} jzpfaMumif;
122 wGif yg&Sdonfh ]]accepted}} qkdonfhpum;&yfudk rSefuefpGm
ay:vGifojzifh tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHonf[k qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf/
t"dymÜ ,fziG q
fh o
kd ;kH oyfxm;jcif;r&Síd ,if;pD&ifx;kH wGif qH;k jzwfcsuu
f kd
150 151
2015 ypön;f jzpf&efvadk Mumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfNy;D ay;urf;ol\ vuf&dS tykdifay;aomypönf;udk vufcHonf[k rqkdvdkay/ xkdYaMumifh yk'fr 2015
a':&DNyHK; yg 2 ypönf;jzpf&rnf[k qkdvkdjcif;r[kwfay/ odkYjzpfí t,lcHw&m;NydKif 122 udk t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&mwGif tykdifay;aomypönf;udk a':&DNyHK; yg 2
(udk,fwkdifESihf t,lcH (ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
a&SUae\ tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyf csKyfqkday;urf;pOfwGif tay; vufa&mufay;tyfonfjh yóem tusKH ;r0ifaMumif; xif&mS ;onf/
tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
pmcsKyfyg tcsif;jzpfajrESifh tdrfrSm ay;urf;ol a':MuifEk\ vuf&Sd armifyef;NrdKif yg trsm; ESifh rzGm;wiftrI(2) wGif tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f
ESifh r[kwfaomaMumifh tykdifay;jcif;ysufjy,faMumif; wifjycsufudk tykdif&olbufrS tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHaMumif; tykdifay;pmcsKyfü ESifh
a':cifoef;at; vufcEH idk rf nf r[kwaf cs/ a':cifoef;at;
ryg/ odkYaomf tykdifay;pmcsKyf csKyfqkdNyD;aemuf tykdif&oltrnfodkY
t,lcHw&m;NydKif\a&SUaeu OD ; armif j r yg 6 ES i h f ajymif;jcif;? tykdif&oltrnfjzifh tcGeftcaumufcHjcif;ESifh tykdif
roef;oef;csKdtrI(5) udk uk;d um;vsuf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' &olu tykid af y;ypön;f \ iSm;&rf;crsm;ESihf tusKd ;tjrwfrsm;cHpm;jcif;
yk'fr 122 t& ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk tykdifay;jcif;wGif wkt
Yd & tykid af y;jcif;udv
k ufcaH Mumif; aumufcsucf sEidk o
f nf[k jyqkd
xm;onf/ þpD&ifx;kH yg ]]acceptance of a gift}} [laom jyqkcd suu f kd
vufa&mufay;urf;jcif;r&Syd gu tykid af y;jcif;txrajrmufaMumif;?
axmufcsifhygu yk'fr 122 yg accepted onf tydkifay;jcif;udk
,cktrIwGif ay;urf;cH&ol t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;onf ay;urf;aom
vufcHjcif;om jzpfaMumif; ay:vGifonf/
ypön;f udk vufa&mufr&&Scd ahJ omaMumifh tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;
onf Oya'ESihfrnD ysufjy,faMumif; wifjyxm;onf/ odkYtwGuf OD ; armif j r yg 6 ES i f h roef ; oef ; csd K trI (5) wGif
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 yg jy|mef;csuft& ]]rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k \ tqd k v T m ? ¤if ; \xG u f q k d c suf E S i f h trI w G J
]]tykdifay;jcif;}} qkd&mwGif tykdifay;onfhypönf;udk tykdif&olu ay:aygufcsut f & ay;urf;jcif;pmcsKyt f rSwf 15^80 jzifh ay;urf;
vufa&muf&&Sd&ef vkdtyfjcif; &Sd r&Sdudk pdppf&efjzpfonf/ jcif;udk vufcH&,lolrsm;u vufa&mufr&cJhojzifh xdkay;urf;jcif;
rSwyf wkH ifpmcsKyo f nf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya' yk'rf 122 ESifh
txufyg ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122 yg nDñGwfrI r&Sdí xkday;urf;jcif;onf w&m;r0if aomaMumifh
jy|mef;csufrsm;wGif 0gusESpfckyg&SdNyD; ,if;0guswkdYudk ]]and}} jzifh ysujf y,fonfh pmcsKyjf zpfaMumif; awGU&S&d onf}} [k xH;k zGUJ xm;onf/
qufxm;NyD; and \aemufwGif accepted [k oHk;xm;onfjzpf&m
tqkyd g pD&ifx;kH wGif ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf
xkdBud,m\uwåm;onf yxr0gus\uwåm; ]]gift}} jzpfaMumif;
122 wGif yg&Sdonfh ]]accepted}} qkdonfhpum;&yfudk rSefuefpGm
ay:vGifojzifh tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcHonf[k qkdvkdjcif;jzpfonf/
t"dymÜ ,fziG q
fh o
kd ;kH oyfxm;jcif;r&Síd ,if;pD&ifx;kH wGif qH;k jzwfcsuu
f kd
152 149
2015 uREkfyfwkdY oabmrwlay/ vufcHol&Sd&rnf/ arwåmjzifhay;aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf; 2015

,cktrIwGif 16-3-2009 &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf jzpf&efvkdonf? ay;olu rdrdtvkdtavsmuf tzdk;pm;em;ryg&SdbJ
(ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH (udk,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
(p) ESihf 18-5-2009 &ufpyJG g oufaocHtrSwf (q) tykid af y;jcif; ay;urf;jcif;jzpf&rnf? ay;olu rdryd idk yf pön;f udk vTaJ jymif;ay;&rnf?
tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f rSwyf w
kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;wGif tykid af y;ol a':MuifEu
k tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh ay;aomypönf;udk vufcHolu ay;oltouf&SifqJay;Ekdifonfh tcGi&hf ud,
k pf m;vS,)f
ESifh
tusKd ;cHpm;cGirfh sm;? ,if;ajray:&Sd ajrmufbuf&dS (2) xyf taqmuf tajctae&SdpOf vufcH&rnf[k xHk;zGJUonf/ ESifh
ttHkESifh tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm;tm;vHk;udk tzkd;pm;em;r&SdbJ vTJajymif; t,lcHw&m;NydKif\a&SUaeu txufyg pD&ifxHk;rsm;udk
ay;&mwGif tykdif&,lol t,lcHw&m;vdkrsm;u tykdifay;jcif;udk udk;um;í arwåmjzihfay;aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&ef
aus;Zl;wif0rf;ajrmufpGmjzifh vufcH&,laMumif; azmfjycsKyfqdkxm; vdak Mumif;? ,cktrIwiG f tay;pmcsKyrf sm;yg tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrrf mS
aMumif; awGU&onf/ tay;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf csKyq
f adk y;urf;pOfwiG f ay;urf;ol a':MuifEk
rlv½H;k w&m;vdk a':&DNyKH ;u ½H;k a&SUxGuq f &dk mwGif rdcifBu;D vuf&Sdr[kwfaomaMumifh tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;onf ypönf;
u oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tykid af y;jcif;rSwyf w kH if pmcsKyrf sm; vT J a jymif ; jcif ; tuf O ya'yk ' f r 122 ES i h f nD ñ G w f r I r &S d o jzif h
csKyfqkday;NyD;aemuf 9-6-2009 aeYwGif rdcifBuD; a':cifpef;ESifh ysufjy,faMumif; wifjyonf/
rdrdwkdYonf tykdifay;onfh tdrfNcHajrokdY oGm;a&mufum (&,u) ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 jy|mef;csuf
Ouú | OD ; armif x l ; ES i h f td r f e D ; csif ; rsm;jzpf a om OD ; wif x G e f ; ? t&qkdvQif ]]tykdifay;jcif;}} rSm wnfqJa&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;
rpef;pef;,Ofwu Ydk kd ac:,lNy;D rdcifBu;D u tykid af y;pmcsKyrf sm;jyoí odkYr[kwf ra&TUajymif;Ekdifaomypönf;udk _ _ _ vTJajymif;ay;jcif;
pmcsKyfygypönf;rsm;udk rdrdwkdYtm; vufa&mufay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? omjzpfí txufyg pD&ifx;kH rsm;wGif xH;k zGUJ xm;onfh arwåmjzifah y;
rdrw
d uYdk vnf; rdcifBu;D rS ay;onfukd vufcaH Mumif;jzifh xGuq f o
dk nf/ aomypönf;onf vuf&Sdypönf;jzpf&ef vkdonfqkdjcif;rSm tykdifay;
xkdpOfu (&,u) Ouú|jzpfol OD;armifxl; (vkdjy-1) aomypönf;onf ay;urf;olvuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;
u a':Muif E k u vma&muf & ef a c:ojzif h tcsif ; jzpf N cH a jr&S d r[kwfbJ wnfqJypönf;jzpf&efvkdonf[k qkdvkdjcif;omjzpfaMumif;
awmifbuftrd o f oYkd mG ;&m OD;wifxeG ;f ? rpef;pef;,OfwaYdk &mufaeonf awGUjrifEikd o
f nf/ xkaYd Mumifh ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'rf 122
udk awGUaMumif;? a':MuifEku tay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;udk jyoí wGif ]]ay;urf;jcif;}} qkdonfrSm tykdifay;aomypönf;onf wnfqJ
156 153
2015 oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tykid af y;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf a':&DNyKH ;ESihf udrk sKd ;aZmfO;D wkt
Yd m; w&m;0ifay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? ¤if;u 2015
wktYd & trnfaygufyikd q f idk o
f l a':MuifEu
k tcsi;f jzpftrd af jrwku Yd kd tykdifay;jcif;udk &yf&GmvlBuD;rsm;ESihf oufaorsm;odapvkdí
(ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH (ukd,fwkdifESihf t,lcH
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
t,lcw H &m;vkw
d tYdk m; tykid af y;jcif;onf ypön;f vTaJ jymif;jcif;tuf ajymjyjcif;jzpfonf[k ajymqkdaMumif;? pmcsKyfrsm;wGif tcsif;jzpf
w&m;vdktrSwf 2 \
tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f Oya'yk'fr 122 ESifh nDñGwfaomaMumifh tqkdygay;urf;jcif;onf tdrfNcHajrwkdYudk ay;urf;jcif;jzpfaMumif; a&;om;csKyfqkdxm;onfudk tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f
ESifh w&m;0ifay;urf;jcif;txajrmufaMumif; txufwGif oHk;oyfcJhNyD; awGU&aMumif;? xkdYaemufykdif; a':&DNyHK;wkdYu ¤if;wkdYykdifqkdifonf[k ESifh
a':cifoef;at; jzpfonf/ w&m;0ifay;urf;jcif;ajrmufaomaMumifh t,lcH w&m;vdk qkdum rsufESmpmNcHpnf;½dk; t0iftxGufwHcg;udk aomhcwfxm;&m a':cifoef;at;
wkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHkudk oufaocHtrSwf (p) a':cifoef;at;uzsuí f aomhjyefcwfxm;ojzifh a':&DNyKH ;u wifjy
ESihf (q) tykdifay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;t& ykdifqkdifolrsm;jzpfvm cJah Mumif;? a':cifoef;at;tm; ac:,lñEd§ iId ;f Ny;D aomhjyefziG afh y;&ef
aMumif; xif&Sm;onfhtwGuf vufa&muf&cGifh&Sdayonf/ ajymqkdojzifh jyefvnfzGihfay;cJhaMumif; xGufqkdonf/
xkaYd Mumifh þw&m;rtxl;t,lcrH u I kd cGijfh yKí awmifil tdref ;D csi;f jzpfol OD;wifxeG ;f (vkjd y-2) uvnf; (&,u)
c½kid w f &m;½H;k ESifh t,lcw H &m;½H;k tqifq h ifw
h \
Ydk pD&ifcsuEf iS fh 'Du&Drsm; Ouú| OD;armifxl;xGufqkdouJhodkYyif axmufcHxGufqkdaMumif;
udk y,fzsuv f u dk Nf y;D t,lcw
H &m;NyKd if a':cifoef;at;onf a&wm&Snf awGU&onf/
NrKd Ue,f? a&eDNrKd U? ajrpm&if;tac: uGi;f trSwf (737) a*G;oH;k yifuiG ;f ? txufyg oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESifh (q) tykdifay;
OD;ykid tf rSwf (46) {&d,m 0.14 {u&Sd ajr\ ajrmufbufwiG w f nf&dS rSwyf w
kH ifpmcsKyrf sm;wGif a':MuifEu
k ¤if;trnfaygufyidk q
f idk af om
aom taqmufttHkESifh ,if;taqmufttHkwnf&Sd&m ajrwkdYudk vuf&Sdwnf&Sdaom tcsif;jzpftdrfNcHajrwkdYudk tzkd;pm;em;r&SdbJ
t,lcHw&m;vdk a':&DNyHK; yg 2 OD;wkdYtm; vufa&mufay;tyfap&ef ¤if;\oabmqE´tavsmuf tykdifay;jcif;udk tykdif&,lol t,lcH
w&m;½Hk;tqifhqifh p&dwfESifhwuG 'Du&DcsrSwfvkdufonf/ w&m;vdk a':&DNyHK;wkdYu vufcH&,laMumif; azmfjyyg&Sdonf/ xkdYjyif
a&SUaep&dwf usyf 50000^- owfrSwfonf/ oufaocHcsufrsm;t& xkdokdY pmcsKyfrsm; csKyfqkdNyD;aemufwGifvnf;
tykdifay;ol a':MuifEku &yfuGufvlBuD;ESifh tdrfeD;csif;rsm;udk
ac:,lí tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;udk tykdifay;rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfrsm;
csKyfqkdum tykdif&ol t,lcHw&m;vdkwkdYtm; w&m;0ifvTJajymif;
154 155
2015 ay;aMumif;udk twdtvif;xkwfazmfjyojcif;? tykdifay;pmcsKyf ypönf;udk ay;urf;jcif;? tykdifay;jcif;udk tykdif&olujzpfap? 2015

csKyf q k d N yD ; aemuf tyd k i f & ol t,l c H w &m;vk d r sm;uvnf ; ¤if;twGufjzpfap vufcH,ljcif; ponfh tcsufrsm;ESifh jynfhpHkvQif
tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcH&,lNyD; jzpfí 0if;NcHwHcg;udk aomhcwf tyk d i f a y;jcif ; txajrmuf o nf / tyk d i f a y;aomypö n f ; onf
tcGi&fh uk,
d pf m;vS,)f &,lcjhJ cif;wkt Yd & tykid &f ,lol t,lcw
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l tcGi&fh uk,
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ESifh vufcHaMumif;vnf; oHk;oyf&onf/ xdkYaMumifh oufaocHtrSwf vufa&muf&&Sd&rnf[k ypönf; vTJajymif;jcif;tuf Oya'yk'fr 122 ESifh
a':cifoef;at; (p) ESihf (q) tykdifay; rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfwkdYt& a':MuifEku yg jy|mef;csufu rqkdvdkaMumif; ay:vGifonf/ a':cifoef;at;
tcsif;jzpftdrfajrwkdYudk t,lcH w&m;vdkwkdYtm; tydkifay;jcif;onf xk d Y a Mumif h Mum;emcJ h a om jyóemES i f h p yf v sOf ; í
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf Oya'yk'fr 122 ESifh nDñGwfaomaMumifh ]]oufaocHtrSwf (p) (q) arwåmjzifh tykdifay;pmcsKyfrsm;onf
tqkyd g ay;urf;jcif;onf w&m;0if ay;urf;jcif; txajrmufonf/ ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 ESifh nDñGwfrIr&Sdí
þtajctaewGif jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f ay;urf;jcif;rajrmufaomaMumifh tcsif;jzpfOypmudk w&m;vdkwkdY
ay;ol a':MuifEkonf tcsif;jzpfOypmudk vuf&Sdrjzpfonfh tajc ykdifqkdifcGifhr&Ekdifojzifh vufa&muf&cGihfr&SdaMumif; w&m;½Hk;
taewGif t,lcHw&m;vkdwkdYtm; ay;urf;jcif;onf Oya'ESifhrnD tqifhqifh\ qHk;jzwfcsuf udk jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu
ojzifh w&m;r0ifysufjy,faMumif;? w&m;vkdrsm;onf ykdif&Sif vufcHtwnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefrIr&SdaMumif;}} ajzqdkvkdufonf/
jzpfrvmí vufa&muf&cGirfh &Sad Mumif; aumuf,ql ;kH jzwfcjhJ cif;onf t,lcw H &m;vdw k u
Ydk tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf taqmufttHu
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odrYk [kwf ra&TUajymif;Ekid o f nfyh pön;f udk tykid af y;ol[k ac:wGio
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vTJajymif;ay;&m tykdif&olujzpfap? ¤if;twGufjzpfap vufcH udk &nfñTef;onf/
,ljcif;jzpfonf}} [k jy|mef;xm;&m ]]tykdifay;jcif;}} wGif wnfqJ
154 155
2015 ay;aMumif;udk twdtvif;xkwfazmfjyojcif;? tykdifay;pmcsKyf ypönf;udk ay;urf;jcif;? tykdifay;jcif;udk tykdif&olujzpfap? 2015

csKyf q k d N yD ; aemuf tyd k i f & ol t,l c H w &m;vk d r sm;uvnf ; ¤if;twGufjzpfap vufcH,ljcif; ponfh tcsufrsm;ESifh jynfhpHkvQif
tykdifay;jcif;udk vufcH&,lNyD; jzpfí 0if;NcHwHcg;udk aomhcwf tyk d i f a y;jcif ; txajrmuf o nf / tyk d i f a y;aomypö n f ; onf
tcGi&fh uk,
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l tcGi&fh uk,
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ESifh vufcHaMumif;vnf; oHk;oyf&onf/ xdkYaMumifh oufaocHtrSwf vufa&muf&&Sd&rnf[k ypönf; vTJajymif;jcif;tuf Oya'yk'fr 122 ESifh
a':cifoef;at; (p) ESihf (q) tykdifay; rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfwkdYt& a':MuifEku yg jy|mef;csufu rqkdvdkaMumif; ay:vGifonf/ a':cifoef;at;
tcsif;jzpftdrfajrwkdYudk t,lcH w&m;vdkwkdYtm; tydkifay;jcif;onf xk d Y a Mumif h Mum;emcJ h a om jyóemES i f h p yf v sOf ; í
ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tuf Oya'yk'fr 122 ESifh nDñGwfaomaMumifh ]]oufaocHtrSwf (p) (q) arwåmjzifh tykdifay;pmcsKyfrsm;onf
tqkyd g ay;urf;jcif;onf w&m;0if ay;urf;jcif; txajrmufonf/ ypönf;vTJajymif;jcif;tufOya'yk'fr 122 ESifh nDñGwfrIr&Sdí
þtajctaewGif jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f ay;urf;jcif;rajrmufaomaMumifh tcsif;jzpfOypmudk w&m;vdkwkdY
ay;ol a':MuifEkonf tcsif;jzpfOypmudk vuf&Sdrjzpfonfh tajc ykdifqkdifcGifhr&Ekdifojzifh vufa&muf&cGihfr&SdaMumif; w&m;½Hk;
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ojzifh w&m;r0ifysufjy,faMumif;? w&m;vkdrsm;onf ykdif&Sif vufcHtwnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefrIr&SdaMumif;}} ajzqdkvkdufonf/
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2015 oufaocHtrSwf (p) ESihf (q) tykid af y;rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyf a':&DNyKH ;ESihf udrk sKd ;aZmfO;D wkt
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xif&Sm;jyEkdifjcif;r&SdaMumif; oHk;oyfum w&m;vdk pGJqkdaomtrIudk ac:,loGm;NyD; rdcifESihfcGJí nOfhtdyfac:,lxm;jcif;rsdK;yif jyKvkyfcJh
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tjyKtrlrsm;jzpfayonf[k oH;k oyfxm;jcif;rSm rSm;,Gi;f cRwaf csmaf e
rQyifr&Sad Mumif;? tGev f idk ;f wGiw f ifxm;aom "mwfyykH g trsKd ;om;rSm
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2015 awG U ½H k r Qjzif h rvH k a vmuf a Mumif ; ? r,m;onf wpf y g;ol E S i f h rsm;udk yHkBuD;csJUxGufqdkaeaMumif;ESifh w&m;vkd\ vl,Hkvnf;jzpf 2015
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t,lcHvTmyg taMumif;jycsufrsm;onf &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; uGm&Sif;NyD;vQif w&m;vkdonf &ifaoG;\zciftjzpfrS &yfpJoGm;rnf
w&m;vTwfawmf\ pD&ifcsufESihf 'Du&Dudk y,fzsufoifhonfh r[kwaf Mumif; qH;k jzwfjcif;rSm rSm;,Gi;f aMumif;? w&m;vdo k nf tjcm;
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armifatmifbek ;f qufukd arG;zGm;cJah Mumif;ESihf w&m;vkEd iS hf w&m;NyKd if uGm&Sif;MuOD;rnfqdkygu xkduav;onf Eke,faeonfh ESvHk;om;
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2015 cHpm;&rnf[k oHk;oyfxm;ojzifh w&m;NydKifwGif rsm;pGmepfemNyD; oufaocH (4) aMu;rHo k wif;pmonf 5-1-2013 aeYpyJG g owif;pm 2015
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w&m;vTwfawmfu xnfhoGif;qHk;jzwfjcif;rSm Oya't& vGJrSm;rI bufu tvHk;pHkwm0ef,lxm;NyD; w&m;NydKifudk,fwkdifu yk*¾vdu
r&Sad Mumif;? rdrv d ifa,musmf ;rodbJ Night Club wGif tcsed rf awmf ynmoifausmif;wGif zcifu a':vm 15000 ay;aqmifí ynm
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2015 cHpm;&rnf[k oHk;oyfxm;ojzifh w&m;NydKifwGif rsm;pGmepfemNyD; oufaocH (4) aMu;rHo k wif;pmonf 5-1-2013 aeYpyJG g owif;pm 2015
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wGif &ufpufrIwGif jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;t& vifr,m;uGm&Sif;
trIwGif w&m;NydKifonf w&m;vdkESihftwl aexkdif&mrS
ay;ap&eftwGuf awmif;qkdEkdifonfh tdrfaxmifa&;jypfrIwpf&yf
4-2-2011 &ufaeYwiG f ¤if;\ rdbaetdro f Ykd oGm;a&mufaexkid o
f nfh
jzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/ tqkdyg tcGihfta&;udk vifuaomf
tcsdefrS w&m;pGJqkdonfhtcsdeftxd w&m;vdkESifh twlaygif;oif;
vnf ; aumif ; ? r,m;uaomf v nf ; aumif ; &,l E k d i f a Mumif ;
aexkdifjcif; r&SdonfrSm ay:vGifaeayonf/ xkdokdY w&m;NydKifonf
qHk;jzwfxm;csuft& vifjzpfolu &ufpufrI usL;vGefvQif r,m;ü
w&m;vdEk iS t
hf wl aexkid af ygif;oif;jcif;r&So
d nfu h mvwGif w&m;NyKd if
uGm&Si;f cGi&fh odS nfeh nf;wl r,m;jzpfou l &ufpufru I sL;vGev f Qiv f nf;
onf tjcm;a,musfm;wpfOD;ESifh azmufjyefí twloGm;vmMu
vifü uGm&Sif;cGihf&SdaMumif; xif&Sm;onf/
aMumif;? oufaocH (c) ESifh (c-1) twlwGJí tjcm;a,musfm;ESihf
trIwGif vifjzpfol OD;pdefoef;a0u r,m;jzpfol ½kdufxm;cJhaom "mwfyHkrsm;tm; tifwmeuf0ufbfqdkufrsm;wGif
a':&nfvrhJ eG t
f ay: vifr,m;uGm&Si;f ay;apvkrd I pGq J jdk cif;jzpfonf/ wifcJh onfudk w&m;vdku wifjyxm;onfudk awGU&Sd&onf/
w&m;vkdu tqkdvTmwGif w&m;NydKifu &ufpufpGm pGefYypfonf[k
w&m;NyKd iu
f vnf; w&m;vdo k nf tjcm;trsKd ;orD;wpfO;D
tqkdjyKxm;ayonf/ w&m;NydKifu w&m;vdktm; pGefYypfxm;jcif;
ESihf w&m;vk\
d rdbrsm;tdrw f iG f 2011 ckEpS ?f 'DZifbmvuwnf;u
r[kwaf Mumif; xkacsxu G qf adk omfvnf; w&m;vdEk iS t fh wl aygif;oif;
aygif;oif;aexkid af eaMumif;udk oufaocH (1) rS (1-c) "mwfyrkH sm;
aexkdifjcif;r&SdonfhumvwGif w&m;NydKif\ tjyKtrlrsm;onf
wifjycJhonfrSm tjiif;ryGm;ay/
w&m;vd k t m; pd w f ' k u © c H p m;rI ? *k P f o d u © m usqif ; rI r sm;ud k
jzpfapcJhonf/ pdwfqif;&Jjcif;jzpfatmif &ufpufrIjyKvQifvnf; trIwiG f w&m;NyKd iu
f w&m;vdrk S o0efwpdk w
d jf zpfap&ef
176 173
2015 usifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 8 rwkdifrD yk'fr 20 (*)? trdefY 2? enf;Oya' uGm&Si;f cGi&hf Ekid af yonf/ w&m;vdEk iS hf w&m;NyKd iw
f o
Ydk nf Oya'ESit
fh nD 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf a':&nfvJhrGef
2 (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif uGm&Sif;jcif;r&SdMubJ rdrdwkdYpdwfqE´t& vifjzpfolu tjcm;
ESifh ESifh
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk trsKd ;orD;ESiv hf nf;aumif;? r,m;jzpfou l vnf; tjcm;trsKd ;om;jzifh
OD;pdefoef;a0
yg 5 axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf vnf;aumif; twloGm;twlpm; jyKvkyfaejcif;jzifh rdrd&ifaoG;wGif
acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/ ydí
k pdw'f u k © a&mufEidk af yonf/ rdbESpyf g; w&m;0ifumG &Si;f Ny;D vQif
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef w&m;vkdonf &ifaoG;\ zciftjzpf &yfpJoGm;rnfr[kwfay/
taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f w&m;NyKd iuf wifjyxm;onfh taxmuftxm;rsm;t&
jyqkdxm;onf- w&m;vdkonf tjcm;trsdK;orD;wpfOD;ESifh twloGm; twlaexkdif
]]Cause of action }} occuring in S.20 (c) of the Civil aMumif; w&m;NyKd irf S od&x
dS m;&m w&m;vdEk iS hf jyefvnfaygif;oif;rnfh
Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would be taetxm;r&Sdonfh tajctaewGif w&m;vdkESifh w&m;NydKifESpfOD;
necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his right to pdwfqif;&JMu&NyD; om;i,fav;\ todpdwfwGif ,ckxufydkí
the judgement of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle of facts rdbrsm;ESihfywfoufí pdwfcHpm;rIrBuD;rm;rD w&m;vdk w&m;NydKif
which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he can suc- wkdYonf uGm&Sif;jywfpJxm;jcif;u ykdrkdaumif;rGefrnf[k oHk;oyfum
ceed in the suit.}} c½kdifw&m;½Hk;\ pD&ifcsufESifh 'Du&Dudk y,fzsufNyD; w&m;vdk
w&m;pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; [l o nf w&m;vk d t rI w G i f OD;pdefoef;a0tm; w&m;NydKif a':&nfvJhrGefESifh vifr,m;uGm&Sif;
tEdik rf &rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k jywfpJaMumif; 'Du&DcsrSwfay;cJhaom &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;
tqkdyg pD&ifxHk;wGif jyqkdjcif;onf trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg vTwaf wmf\ pD&ifcsuEf iS hf 'Du&Donf Oya't& rSm;,Gi;f rIr&So d nfh
jy|mef;csuft"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg tjyif rQwrSefuefrI&Sdonf[k oHk;oyf&&Sdonf/
]]trIwGiftEkdifr&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwGif tEkdif&&ef}} xkdYaMumifh þt,lcHrIudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfonf/
t"dyÜm,f&onf[k wpfenf;qkdEkdifonf/
xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh
174 175
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I jzpfonf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg 2015

pufwifbmv 21 &uf jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD; jzpfajrmufap aom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom cause of action) ukd tqkdjyK&rnfjzpfonf/ tqkdvTmu w&m; yg 5
OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif? pGJqkd&ef taMumif;jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk
OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrifh[efwkdYa&SUwGif xif&Sm; odomapjcif;r&SdvQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t&
tqdkvTmudk y,f&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh tqkdvTmü tqkdjyKaom
OD ; &rf u l a b;yef ' pf taMumif; jcif;&mrsm;onf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif;
ES i f h &Sd r&Sd omvQif pdppf&rnf/ wpfenf;qk&d aomf xktd aMumif;jcif;&mrsm;
xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdkonf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&Sd (to prove before he
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh yg 55*
can succeed in the suit) omvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/
w&m;rusix fh ;kH Oya'trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) t& tqkv d mT wGif w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGq J &kd ef
w&m;
w&m;pG pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; ud k jzpf a jrmuf a paom taMumif; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
taMumif ; jcif ; &m rsm;ud k tqk d j yK&rnf j zpf & m w&m;
&mrsm;ud ay:ayguf&ma'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; ud k rnf o d k Y pd p pf & ef v d k j cif ; / pGq
J &dk rnf[v
k nf;aumif;? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif w&m;pGq J dk
&ef t aMumif ; wpf & yf w nf ; ES i f h p yf v sOf ; í wpf c k x uf y k d a om
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkdonfrSm w&m;vkd trI
oufomcGifh rsm;udk &xkdufcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf tqkdygoufomcGihf
Ekdif&ef? oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk
tm;vH;k twGuf jzpfap? tcsKd Ut0uftwGujf zpfap w&m;pGq J Edk idk o
f nf/
* 2015 ckESpf? w&m;rtxl;t,lcHrItrSwf 11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif;
I rSwf 911 wGif csrw
S af om 2014 ckEpS ?f Zlvidk v
f jy|mef;xm;onf/
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\
f pD&ifcsuEf iS fh 'Du&Dukd t,lcrH /I w&m;NyKd ib
174 175
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I jzpfonf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg 2015

pufwifbmv 21 &uf jy|mef;csuft&qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh
jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD; jzpfajrmufap aom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom cause of action) ukd tqkdjyK&rnfjzpfonf/ tqkdvTmu w&m; yg 5
OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif? pGJqkd&ef taMumif;jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk
OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrifh[efwkdYa&SUwGif xif&Sm; odomapjcif;r&SdvQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t&
tqdkvTmudk y,f&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh tqkdvTmü tqkdjyKaom
OD ; &rf u l a b;yef ' pf taMumif; jcif;&mrsm;onf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif;
ES i f h &Sd r&Sd omvQif pdppf&rnf/ wpfenf;qk&d aomf xktd aMumif;jcif;&mrsm;
xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdkonf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&Sd (to prove before he
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh yg 55*
can succeed in the suit) omvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/
w&m;rusix fh ;kH Oya'trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) t& tqkv d mT wGif w&m;rusix hf ;kH Oya'yk'rf 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGq J &kd ef
w&m;
w&m;pG pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; ud k jzpf a jrmuf a paom taMumif; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
taMumif ; jcif ; &m rsm;ud k tqk d j yK&rnf j zpf & m w&m;
&mrsm;ud ay:ayguf&ma'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; ud k rnf o d k Y pd p pf & ef v d k j cif ; / pGq
J &dk rnf[v
k nf;aumif;? trdeYf 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif w&m;pGq J dk
&ef t aMumif ; wpf & yf w nf ; ES i f h p yf v sOf ; í wpf c k x uf y k d a om
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkdonfrSm w&m;vkd trI
oufomcGifh rsm;udk &xkdufcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf tqkdygoufomcGihf
Ekdif&ef? oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk
tm;vH;k twGuf jzpfap? tcsKd Ut0uftwGujf zpfap w&m;pGq J Edk idk o
f nf/
* 2015 ckESpf? w&m;rtxl;t,lcHrItrSwf 11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif;
I rSwf 911 wGif csrw
S af om 2014 ckEpS ?f Zlvidk v
f jy|mef;xm;onf/
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\
f pD&ifcsuEf iS fh 'Du&Dukd t,lcrH /I w&m;NyKd ib
176 173
2015 usifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 8 rwkdifrD yk'fr 20 (*)? trdefY 2? enf;Oya' uGm&Si;f cGi&hf Ekid af yonf/ w&m;vdEk iS hf w&m;NyKd iw
f o
Ydk nf Oya'ESit
fh nD 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf a':&nfvJhrGef
2 (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif uGm&Sif;jcif;r&SdMubJ rdrdwkdYpdwfqE´t& vifjzpfolu tjcm;
ESifh ESifh
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk trsKd ;orD;ESiv hf nf;aumif;? r,m;jzpfou l vnf; tjcm;trsKd ;om;jzifh
OD;pdefoef;a0
yg 5 axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf vnf;aumif; twloGm;twlpm; jyKvkyfaejcif;jzifh rdrd&ifaoG;wGif
acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/ ydí
k pdw'f u k © a&mufEidk af yonf/ rdbESpyf g; w&m;0ifumG &Si;f Ny;D vQif
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef w&m;vkdonf &ifaoG;\ zciftjzpf &yfpJoGm;rnfr[kwfay/
taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f w&m;NyKd iuf wifjyxm;onfh taxmuftxm;rsm;t&
jyqkdxm;onf- w&m;vdkonf tjcm;trsdK;orD;wpfOD;ESifh twloGm; twlaexkdif
]]Cause of action }} occuring in S.20 (c) of the Civil aMumif; w&m;NyKd irf S od&x
dS m;&m w&m;vdEk iS hf jyefvnfaygif;oif;rnfh
Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would be taetxm;r&Sdonfh tajctaewGif w&m;vdkESifh w&m;NydKifESpfOD;
necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his right to pdwfqif;&JMu&NyD; om;i,fav;\ todpdwfwGif ,ckxufydkí
the judgement of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle of facts rdbrsm;ESihfywfoufí pdwfcHpm;rIrBuD;rm;rD w&m;vdk w&m;NydKif
which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he can suc- wkdYonf uGm&Sif;jywfpJxm;jcif;u ykdrkdaumif;rGefrnf[k oHk;oyfum
ceed in the suit.}} c½kdifw&m;½Hk;\ pD&ifcsufESifh 'Du&Dudk y,fzsufNyD; w&m;vdk
w&m;pG J q k d & ef t aMumif ; [l o nf w&m;vk d t rI w G i f OD;pdefoef;a0tm; w&m;NydKif a':&nfvJhrGefESifh vifr,m;uGm&Sif;
tEdik rf &rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k jywfpJaMumif; 'Du&DcsrSwfay;cJhaom &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;
tqkdyg pD&ifxHk;wGif jyqkdjcif;onf trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg vTwaf wmf\ pD&ifcsuEf iS hf 'Du&Donf Oya't& rSm;,Gi;f rIr&So d nfh
jy|mef;csuft"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg tjyif rQwrSefuefrI&Sdonf[k oHk;oyf&&Sdonf/
]]trIwGiftEkdifr&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwGif tEkdif&&ef}} xkdYaMumifh þt,lcHrIudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfonf/
t"dyÜm,f&onf[k wpfenf;qkdEkdifonf/
xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh
180 177
2015 t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;\a&SUaeu t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykid &f iS \

f tcGit fh a&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf o
hJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkv d mT 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf t& ay:aygufojzifh t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;tay: usL;ausmfonfudk taMumif;jyKí
ESifh ESifh
vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG jdk cif;jzpfaomaMumifh w&m;pGq J &kd eftaMumif;ESifh taqmufttHkwGif qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sd
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 ywfoufí umvpnf;urf;owftufOya'yxrZ,m;tyk'd f 142 xm;ykid cf iG fh (possessory title) &&Sod [
l v k nf; rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumihf
yg 5
t& vufvw G jf zpfonfah eY odrYk [kwf vuf&jdS zpfjcif;udk qufvufrjyK t,l c H w &m;vk d t aejzif h vuf & S d x m;yd k i f c G i h f tcG i f h t a&;ud k
onfah eYrpS í w&m;pGq J cdk iG &fh rdS nfjzpfaMumif;? tqkv d mT wGif vufvw G f taMumif;jyKí vufa&muf &vkdrIpGJqkdcGifh tcGihfta&;r&Sdacs/
jzpfcahJ Mumif;ryg&So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; ray:aygufaMumif;?
t,lcHw&m;vkdtwGuf - OD;oef;ñGefY? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
tqkdvTmwGif t,lcHw&m;vdkonf 1967 ckESpfrSpí oMum;puf t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;twGuf - OD;cifausmf? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
twGi;f a&;rSL;ESit hf wl aexkid cf o hJ nfqadk omtcsu?f t,lcw H &m;NyKd if
&efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2013 ckESpf?
wkdYu usL;ausmfonfqkdaomtcsufwkdYonf w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'
w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 20 wGif OD;&rfual b;yef'pfu OD;&Sw d kH (c) OD;vSjrifh
trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) tvdkUiSm w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;
yg 5 OD; wkdYtay: usL;ausmfaqmufvkyfxm;aom taqmufttHk
r[kwfaMumif;? tqkdvTmESifh yl;wGJwifjyaom &efukeftaemufykdif;
rsm;ud k zsuf o d r f ; z,f & S m ;NyD ; ajrES i f h rl v taqmuf t tH k t m;
c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 pD&ifcsufwm0efcH
vufa&muf&vkdrIpGJqkd&m yPmrjiif;csuftay: w&m;pGJqkd&ef
rdwåLt& t,lcHw&m;vkdrdom;pkonf tvkyform;wef;vsm;wGif
taMumif ; ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd[k ajzqkdum w&m;vkd\trIudk
aexkid cf iG &fh ol[k azmfjycJah Mumif;? tu,fí ,cktrI tqkv d mT tyk'd f
y,faMumif; trdefYcsrSwfcJhonf/ w&m;vkd OD;&rfulab;yef'pfu
2 yg twkdif; 1967 ckESpfuwnf;u tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmuf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI
ttHkwGif t,lcHw&m;vdku vuf&SdjzpfcJhvQifaomfvnf;aumif;?
trSwf 911 wGif t,lcHwifoGif;&m yvyfcH&aomaMumifh txl;
tqkdvTmtykd'f 3 ygtwkdif; twGif;a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta u
t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm
t,lcHw&m;vdktm; NcH0if;ESifh taqmufttHkrsm;udk xdef;odrf;
(txl;) trSwf 369 wGif avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufygjyóem
apmihaf &Smuf&ef wm0efay;vsuf 1969 ckEpS w f iG f tdE, d´ okYd jyefomG ;í
udk jyefvnfpdppfMum;emEkdif&ef txl;t,lcH0ifcGihfjyKcJhonf-
¤if;vuf0,fxm;ykdifcGihf&SdcJhvQifaomfvnf;aumif; w&m;rBuD;rI
trS w f 374^2006 wG i f ¤if ; wk d Y r d o m;pk o nf tvk y f o rm; ]] w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;ray:ayguf[k taMumif;jy
178 179
2015 um OD;&rfual b;yef'pf\ trIuykd ,fco hJ nfh jynfaxmifpk ykdifqkdifaMumif; csrSwfcJhaom &efukeftaemufykdif; c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f pD&ifcsuEf iS hf 'Du&Donf Oya'? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 581^2004 \ >ruf['Du&Dudk ,if;c½kdif OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh ESifh
pD&ifxHk;vrf;ñTefcsufrsm;ESihf nDñGwfrI &Sd r&Sd/}} w&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 wGif rrSefruef yl;aygif;
yg 5 t,lcw H &m;vk\ d a&SUaeu t,lcw H &m;vko d nf 1967 vdrfvnf&,lxm;aom 'Du&Djzpfí ysufjy,ftwnf rjzpfaMumif; yg 5
ckESpfrS ,aeYxd rdrd ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm vuf&Sdxm;aexkdifvmcJhaom qHk;jzwfcJhNyD;jzpfaMumif;? t,lcHw&m;NydKifonf tcsif;jzpf NcHajrudk

vuf&SdaexkdifykdifcGihf (possessory title) &Sdaom ajray:rS t,lcH ¤if;ykdifqkdifaMumif; 'Du&Dudk tajccHí usL;ausmf0ifa&mufjcif;?
w&m;NyKd iw f tYdk m; usL;ausmaf qmufvyk x f m;aom taqmufttHrk sm; taqmufttHkrsm;udk aqmufvkyfjcif;wkdYaMumifh t,lcHw&m;vdu k
zsuo f rd ;f z,f&mS ;Ny;D ajrESihf rlvtaqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&vkrd I 5-3-2013 aeY aemufq;kH z,f&mS ;ay;&ef taMumif;Mum;pmay;ykdYcJh
pG J q k d j cif ; jzpf í yk d i f & S i f t jzpf yd k i f q k d i f r I u d k tajccH N yD ; pG J q k d r I aomfvnf; vkdufemjcif;r&SdaomaMumifh w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;
r[kwaf Mumif;? jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f ykid &f iS jf zpfaMumif; ay:aygufaMumif; tqkdvTmtykd'f 9 ESihf 10 wkdYwGif twdtvif;
taxmuf t xm;rjyEk d i f b J pG J q d k o jzif h w&m;pG J & ef t aMumif ; tqkdjyK azmfjyxm;aMumif;? a':jrjr ESifh OD;armifarmifa&TtrI(3)
ray:ayguf[k aumuf,lqHk;jzwfjcif;rSm Oya'ESihf nDñGwfrI t& ykid q f idk cf iG w
hf pfpw kH pf&mr&Sb d J ypön;f vuf&jdS zpfoo l nf xkyd pön;f
r&Sad Mumif;? w&m;pGq J dk &eftaMumif; (cause of action) ay:aygufjcif; wGif qkid af &;qkid cf iG fh (interest) &Sí d xkq d idk af &;qkid cf iG rhf mS ykid &f iS t
f ppfrS
&Sd r&Sd udk tqkv d mT t&om t"dupdppf&efjzpfaMumif;? OD;ñGefYodef; wpfyg; cyfodrf;ukefaomolwkdYESihfpyfvsOf;í ykdifqkdifcGihf tckdiftrm
yg 5 ES i f h a':at'gpef ; armif t rI (1) ? OD ; zk d ; oD ; ES i f h &Sad Mumif;? ykid &f iS rf [kwaf om tjcm;olwu Ykd xko
d Ykd vuf&x dS m;jcif;udk
armif a usmf q if h t rI(2) wkdYwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkd&mü taESmifht,SufjyKvmvQif oD;jcm;oufomcGihftufOya't&
wpfbufrS jiif;qkdygu w&m;vkdtaejzifh rdrdtcGifhta&;udk vufa&muf& vk d r I p G J q k d E k d i f a Mumif ; ? xk d Y a Mumih f jynf a xmif p k
taxmuf t cH t jzpf ouf a oxif & S m ;jy&ef vk d t yf a om w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ 'Du&Donf Oya'? pD&ifxHk;vrf;ñTefcsuf
taMumif;jcif;&mtoD;oD;jzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,faqmifaMumif; rsm;ESihf nDñGwfrIr&SdaomaMumifh þt,lcHrIudk cGihfjyKí trIudk
xH;k jyKxm;aMumif;? tcsi;f jzpf NcaH jrudk OD;&Sw d kH (c) OD;vSjrifw h pfO;D wnf; qufvufppfaq;pD&if&ef ñTefMum;oihfaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJ
wifjyonf/
(2) 1952 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-410 (vTwfawmf)/ (3) 1997 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-85/
178 179
2015 um OD;&rfual b;yef'pf\ trIuykd ,fco hJ nfh jynfaxmifpk ykdifqkdifaMumif; csrSwfcJhaom &efukeftaemufykdif; c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\ f pD&ifcsuEf iS hf 'Du&Donf Oya'? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 581^2004 \ >ruf['Du&Dudk ,if;c½kdif OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh ESifh
pD&ifxHk;vrf;ñTefcsufrsm;ESihf nDñGwfrI &Sd r&Sd/}} w&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 wGif rrSefruef yl;aygif;
yg 5 t,lcw H &m;vk\ d a&SUaeu t,lcw H &m;vko d nf 1967 vdrfvnf&,lxm;aom 'Du&Djzpfí ysufjy,ftwnf rjzpfaMumif; yg 5
ckESpfrS ,aeYxd rdrd ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm vuf&Sdxm;aexkdifvmcJhaom qHk;jzwfcJhNyD;jzpfaMumif;? t,lcHw&m;NydKifonf tcsif;jzpf NcHajrudk

vuf&SdaexkdifykdifcGihf (possessory title) &Sdaom ajray:rS t,lcH ¤if;ykdifqkdifaMumif; 'Du&Dudk tajccHí usL;ausmf0ifa&mufjcif;?
w&m;NyKd iw f tYdk m; usL;ausmaf qmufvyk x f m;aom taqmufttHrk sm; taqmufttHkrsm;udk aqmufvkyfjcif;wkdYaMumifh t,lcHw&m;vdu k
zsuo f rd ;f z,f&mS ;Ny;D ajrESihf rlvtaqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&vkrd I 5-3-2013 aeY aemufq;kH z,f&mS ;ay;&ef taMumif;Mum;pmay;ykdYcJh
pG J q k d j cif ; jzpf í yk d i f & S i f t jzpf yd k i f q k d i f r I u d k tajccH N yD ; pG J q k d r I aomfvnf; vkdufemjcif;r&SdaomaMumifh w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;
r[kwaf Mumif;? jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f ykid &f iS jf zpfaMumif; ay:aygufaMumif; tqkdvTmtykd'f 9 ESihf 10 wkdYwGif twdtvif;
taxmuf t xm;rjyEk d i f b J pG J q d k o jzif h w&m;pG J & ef t aMumif ; tqkdjyK azmfjyxm;aMumif;? a':jrjr ESifh OD;armifarmifa&TtrI(3)
ray:ayguf[k aumuf,lqHk;jzwfjcif;rSm Oya'ESihf nDñGwfrI t& ykid q f idk cf iG w
hf pfpw kH pf&mr&Sb d J ypön;f vuf&jdS zpfoo l nf xkyd pön;f
r&Sad Mumif;? w&m;pGq J dk &eftaMumif; (cause of action) ay:aygufjcif; wGif qkid af &;qkid cf iG fh (interest) &Sí d xkq d idk af &;qkid cf iG rhf mS ykid &f iS t
f ppfrS
&Sd r&Sd udk tqkv d mT t&om t"dupdppf&efjzpfaMumif;? OD;ñGefYodef; wpfyg; cyfodrf;ukefaomolwkdYESihfpyfvsOf;í ykdifqkdifcGihf tckdiftrm
yg 5 ES i f h a':at'gpef ; armif t rI (1) ? OD ; zk d ; oD ; ES i f h &Sad Mumif;? ykid &f iS rf [kwaf om tjcm;olwu Ykd xko
d Ykd vuf&x dS m;jcif;udk
armif a usmf q if h t rI(2) wkdYwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkd&mü taESmifht,SufjyKvmvQif oD;jcm;oufomcGihftufOya't&
wpfbufrS jiif;qkdygu w&m;vkdtaejzifh rdrdtcGifhta&;udk vufa&muf& vk d r I p G J q k d E k d i f a Mumif ; ? xk d Y a Mumih f jynf a xmif p k
taxmuf t cH t jzpf ouf a oxif & S m ;jy&ef vk d t yf a om w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ 'Du&Donf Oya'? pD&ifxHk;vrf;ñTefcsuf
taMumif;jcif;&mtoD;oD;jzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,faqmifaMumif; rsm;ESihf nDñGwfrIr&SdaomaMumifh þt,lcHrIudk cGihfjyKí trIudk
xH;k jyKxm;aMumif;? tcsi;f jzpf NcaH jrudk OD;&Sw d kH (c) OD;vSjrifw h pfO;D wnf; qufvufppfaq;pD&if&ef ñTefMum;oihfaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJ
wifjyonf/
(2) 1952 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-410 (vTwfawmf)/ (3) 1997 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-85/
180 177
2015 t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;\a&SUaeu t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykid &f iS \

f tcGit fh a&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf o
hJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkv d mT 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf t& ay:aygufojzifh t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;tay: usL;ausmfonfudk taMumif;jyKí
ESifh ESifh
vufa&muf&vkrd pI q JG jdk cif;jzpfaomaMumifh w&m;pGq J &kd eftaMumif;ESifh taqmufttHkwGif qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sd
yg 5 ywfoufí umvpnf;urf;owftufOya'yxrZ,m;tyk'd f 142 xm;ykid cf iG fh (possessory title) &&Sod [
l v k nf; rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumihf
yg 5
t& vufvw G jf zpfonfah eY odrYk [kwf vuf&jdS zpfjcif;udk qufvufrjyK t,l c H w &m;vk d t aejzif h vuf & S d x m;yd k i f c G i h f tcG i f h t a&;ud k
onfah eYrpS í w&m;pGq J cdk iG &fh rdS nfjzpfaMumif;? tqkv d mT wGif vufvw G f taMumif;jyKí vufa&muf &vkdrIpGJqkdcGifh tcGihfta&;r&Sdacs/
jzpfcahJ Mumif;ryg&So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; ray:aygufaMumif;?
t,lcHw&m;vkdtwGuf - OD;oef;ñGefY? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
tqkdvTmwGif t,lcHw&m;vdkonf 1967 ckESpfrSpí oMum;puf t,lcHw&m;NydKifrsm;twGuf - OD;cifausmf? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
twGi;f a&;rSL;ESit hf wl aexkid cf o hJ nfqadk omtcsu?f t,lcw H &m;NyKd if
&efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2013 ckESpf?
wkdYu usL;ausmfonfqkdaomtcsufwkdYonf w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'
w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 20 wGif OD;&rfual b;yef'pfu OD;&Sw d kH (c) OD;vSjrifh
trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) tvdkUiSm w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;
yg 5 OD; wkdYtay: usL;ausmfaqmufvkyfxm;aom taqmufttHk
r[kwfaMumif;? tqkdvTmESifh yl;wGJwifjyaom &efukeftaemufykdif;
rsm;ud k zsuf o d r f ; z,f & S m ;NyD ; ajrES i f h rl v taqmuf t tH k t m;
c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 pD&ifcsufwm0efcH
vufa&muf&vkdrIpGJqkd&m yPmrjiif;csuftay: w&m;pGJqkd&ef
rdwåLt& t,lcHw&m;vkdrdom;pkonf tvkyform;wef;vsm;wGif
taMumif ; ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd[k ajzqkdum w&m;vkd\trIudk
aexkid cf iG &fh ol[k azmfjycJah Mumif;? tu,fí ,cktrI tqkv d mT tyk'd f
y,faMumif; trdefYcsrSwfcJhonf/ w&m;vkd OD;&rfulab;yef'pfu
2 yg twkdif; 1967 ckESpfuwnf;u tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmuf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI
ttHkwGif t,lcHw&m;vdku vuf&SdjzpfcJhvQifaomfvnf;aumif;?
trSwf 911 wGif t,lcHwifoGif;&m yvyfcH&aomaMumifh txl;
tqkdvTmtykd'f 3 ygtwkdif; twGif;a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta u
t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm
t,lcHw&m;vdktm; NcH0if;ESifh taqmufttHkrsm;udk xdef;odrf;
(txl;) trSwf 369 wGif avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufygjyóem
apmihaf &Smuf&ef wm0efay;vsuf 1969 ckEpS w f iG f tdE, d´ okYd jyefomG ;í
udk jyefvnfpdppfMum;emEkdif&ef txl;t,lcH0ifcGihfjyKcJhonf-
¤if;vuf0,fxm;ykdifcGihf&SdcJhvQifaomfvnf;aumif; w&m;rBuD;rI
trS w f 374^2006 wG i f ¤if ; wk d Y r d o m;pk o nf tvk y f o rm; ]] w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;ray:ayguf[k taMumif;jy
184 181
2015 aMumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkdifaomtajctaewGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef wef;vsm;wGif aexkdifcGihf&ol[k azmfjy&ef taMumif;r&SdaMumif;? 2015

OD;&rfulab;yef'pf taMumif; ray:aygufaMumif; oHk;oyfum w&m;vkd\trIudk OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
t,lcw H &m;vku d tqdv k mT wGif ¤if;vuf0,fxm;ykid cf iG &fh cdS ahJ Mumif;udk
ESifh ESifh
y,fcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ wdwdusus azmfjyxm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? odkYjzpfí w&m;pGJqkd&ef
yg 5 jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu tcsif;jzpfOypm taMumif;ay:aygufjcif;r&SdaMumif;jzifh t,lcHw&m;vkd\trIudk yg 5
onf aZ,s0wDoMum;pufukrÜPDykdifypönf;jzpfNyD; w&m;vdkonf yvyfcahJ om jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\

f 'Du&Donf Oya'?
tvkyo f rm;wpfO;D ? NcaH pmift h jzpf aexkid cf o hJ jl zpfaMumif;? w&m;vdk pD&ifxHk;rsm;ESihf nDñGwfrI&SdaMumif; ajzqkdum þtxl;t,lcHrIudk
onf ukrP Ü yD idk af jrwGif ukrP Ü \ D cGijhf yKcsujf zifh aexkid cf o hJ ol mjzpfí yvyfoihfaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
¤if;onf ESpfaygif;rnfrQyif vuf&Sdxm;aexkdifapumrl qefYusif &efukefNrdKU? A[ef;NrdKUe,f? ajrwkdif;&yfuGuftrSwf 2-D?
yk d i f q k d i f c G i h f r &Ek d i f o uJ h o d k Y yk d i f & S i f v nf ; jzpf r vmEk d i f a Mumif ; ? 468 472 - A
ajruGut
f rSwf N -2
? 2 {&d,m 1.210 {u&Sd ajrESihf ,if;ajr
tqkv d mT t& 12 ESpaf usmf vuf&adS exkid cf ahJ Mumif; wifjycsurf t S y
ay:&Sd Advk cf sKd (1) &yfuu G ?f Adv k cf sKd vrf;? trSwf (11) [k ac:wGiaf om
w&m;vdo k nf tcsi;f jzpfOypmtay: pDrcH efcY yJG ikd cf iG &fh o dS jl zpfaMumif;
taqmufttHkESifh tvkyform;wef;vsm;rSm aZ,s0wDoMum;puf
wif j yEk d i f j cif ; r&S d o jzif h vuf & S d x m;ol w G i f yk d i f a &;yd k i f c G i h f E S i f h
ukrP Ü tD rnfaygufyidk q f idk af Mumif;? ,if;ajrESihf taqmufttHw k iG f
roufqkdifaMumif;? oD;jcm;oufomcGihftufOya'yk'fr 8 t&
ukrP Ü \D twGi;f a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta ESihf w&m;vkw d rYdk od m;pkonf
vufa&muf&vdkrIpGJqkd &mwGif w&m;vdkonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif
1967 ckEpS rf pS í aexkid cf MhJ uaMumif;? A.B.Sengupta onf w&m;vkd
tcGihfta&;&Sdoljzpf&efvkdaMumif;? w&m;vdkonf ykdifa&;ykdifcGihf
tm; NcH0if;ESifh taqmufttHkrsm;udk xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smuf&ef
aomfvnf;aumif;? pDrHcefYcGJydkifcGihfaomfvnf;aumif; wifjyEkdifjcif;
wm0efay;NyD; 1969 ckESpfwGif tdE´d,odkY tNyD;jyefoGm;aMumif;?
r&So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &kd ef tcGit fh a&;r&Sad Mumif; oH;k oyfum t,lcrH I
wkdeDqif;ESifh OD;cifpdefwkdYu ukrÜPD\ 'g½kdufwmESifh pm&if;
udk yvyfcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
&Sif;vif;a&;wm0efcH[kqkdum w&m;vdktay: cGihfjyKcsufjzifh
w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkdonfrSm w&m;vkdtrIEkdif&ef? aeoltm; ESiv f rdk pI q
JG &dk m w&m;½H;k tqifq h ihw
f iG f trI½;HI edrchf ahJ Mumif;?
oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpkjzpfonf/ w&m;Nyd K if t rS w f (1) ES i h f rd o m;pk o nf tcsif ; jzpf a jrES i f h
w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg jy|mef;csuf taqmufttHkudk OD;cifpdefxHrS 0,f,lxm;aMumif; &efukef
182 183
2015 taemufydkif;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 581^2004 wGif aeoltm; ESiv f rdk pI q

JG rkd rI mS w&m;NyKd irf sm;ESihf oufqidk jf cif;r&Sad Mumif;? 2015
OD;&rfulab;yef'pf OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ykdifqkdifaMumif; >ruf['Du&D&&Sdxm;onf[kqkdum usL;ausmfí 1998 ckESpfwGif vuf&Sd tdrfaxmifpkZ,m;rsm;jzifh w&m;0ifaexkdif
ESifh ESifh
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh taqmuf t tH k r sm; wd k ; csJ U aqmuf v k y f c J h M uaMumif ; ? xk d Y j yif vsu&f adS Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf taqmufttHrk sm;onf w&m;vkd
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 w&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) u w&m;vkdtay: &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? vuf&SdjzpfaMumif;aomfvnf;aumif;? xdef;odrf;apmihfa&SmufcGihf&Sd yg 5
w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 1060^2006 wGif cGihfjyKcsufjzifh tcrJhaexkdif aMumif;aomfvnf;aumif;? pDrt H yk cf sKycf iG &fh adS Mumif;aomfvnf;aumif;
olrsm;tm; ESifxkwfz,f&Sm;ay;apvkdrIpGJqkd&m &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? w&m;0ifpm&Gufpmwrf;taxmuftxm;wpfpHkwpf&mrQ r&Sdaom
w&m;rjyifqifrItrSwf 26^2008 wGif w&m;pGJ&eftaMumif; aMumifh w&m;vko d nf ,cktrIukd pGq J cdk iG rhf &Sad Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh
ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd[k oHk;oyfum trIyvyfcJhaMumif;? &efukef taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&&eftwGuf w&m;pGq J &kd ef taMumif;
taemufydkif;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 ESihf ray:aygufaMumif;? trIrSm umvpnf;urf;owfausmfvGefae
&efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? w&m;rt,lcHrItrSwf 72^2009 wkdYwGif aMumif;jzifh acsyxm;onf/
&efuek t f aemufyikd ;f c½kid w
f &m;½H;k ? w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 581^2004 &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu atmufyg
\ 'Du&Dudkysufjy,faMumif; >ruf[aMunm'Du&D csrSwfcJhNyD;jzpf yPmrjiif;csuf (2) &yfudk OD;pGm Mum;emqHk;jzwfcJhjcif;jzpfonf-
aMumif;? w&m;vkd vuf&jdS zpfí xde;f odr;f xm;aom tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
]] 3/ trIukd w&m;pGqJ &kd eftaMumif; ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd
taqmufttHw k iG f w&m;NyKd irf o
d m;pkonf usL;ausmaf ejcif;aMumifh
qkdonfrSm rSefovm;?
trIpGJqkd&aMumif;jzifh tqdkvTmwGif azmfjypGJqkdonf/
4/ trIrSm umvpnf;urf;owfausmfvGefNyD;jzpf
acsvmT wGif tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh ,if;ajray:&Sd ESpx f yfwu dk f
onfrSm rSefovm;/}}
tygt0if tusKd ;cHpm;cGit hf m;vH;k udk w&m;NyKd it
f rSwf (1) OD;&Sw d u kH
aZ,s0wDoMum;pufurk P Ü \ D pm&if;&Si;f vif;zsuo f rd ;f a&;wm0efcH &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu tcsif;jzpf
OD;cifpdefxHrS 21-3-1985 aeYpGJyg rSwfyHkrwifaompmcsKyft& ypön;f ESiyhf wfoufí w&m;vdw k iG f yk*v
¾ u
d taejzifh ykid qf idk af Mumif;
0,f,lvufa&muf&&SdcJhaMumif;? w&m;vkdonf A.B.Sengupta \ tqkdjyKEkdifjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk ykdifqkdifolrSm rnfol
tvkyform;jzpfNyD; tvkyform;wef;vsm;wGifom aexkdifcGihf&ol jzpf a Mumif ; txif t &S m ;ray:ayguf a Mumif ; ? w&m;vd k u
jzpfaMumif;? wked q
D if;ESifh OD;cifped w
f uYdk w&m;vdt k ay: cGijfh yKcsujf zifh vufa&muf&vkdaMumif; pGJqkdonfhypönf;udk w&m;vkdu ykdifqkdif
182 183
2015 taemufydkif;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 581^2004 wGif aeoltm; ESiv f rdk pI q

JG rkd rI mS w&m;NyKd irf sm;ESihf oufqidk jf cif;r&Sad Mumif;? 2015
ykdifqkdifaMumif; >ruf['Du&D&&Sdxm;onf[kqkdum usL;ausmfí 1998 ckESpfwGif vuf&Sd tdrfaxmifpkZ,m;rsm;jzifh w&m;0ifaexkdif
ESifh ESifh
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh taqmuf t tH k r sm; wd k ; csJ U aqmuf v k y f c J h M uaMumif ; ? xk d Y j yif vsu&f adS Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf taqmufttHrk sm;onf w&m;vkd
yg 5 w&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) u w&m;vkdtay: &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? vuf&SdjzpfaMumif;aomfvnf;aumif;? xdef;odrf;apmihfa&SmufcGihf&Sd yg 5
w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 1060^2006 wGif cGihfjyKcsufjzifh tcrJhaexkdif aMumif;aomfvnf;aumif;? pDrt H yk cf sKycf iG &fh adS Mumif;aomfvnf;aumif;
olrsm;tm; ESifxkwfz,f&Sm;ay;apvkdrIpGJqkd&m &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? w&m;0ifpm&Gufpmwrf;taxmuftxm;wpfpHkwpf&mrQ r&Sdaom
w&m;rjyifqifrItrSwf 26^2008 wGif w&m;pGJ&eftaMumif; aMumifh w&m;vko d nf ,cktrIukd pGq J cdk iG rhf &Sad Mumif;? tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh
ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd[k oHk;oyfum trIyvyfcJhaMumif;? &efukef taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&&eftwGuf w&m;pGq J &kd ef taMumif;
taemufydkif;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 374^2006 ESihf ray:aygufaMumif;? trIrSm umvpnf;urf;owfausmfvGefae
&efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? w&m;rt,lcHrItrSwf 72^2009 wkdYwGif aMumif;jzifh acsyxm;onf/
&efuek t f aemufyikd ;f c½kid w
f &m;½H;k ? w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 581^2004 &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu atmufyg
\ 'Du&Dudkysufjy,faMumif; >ruf[aMunm'Du&D csrSwfcJhNyD;jzpf yPmrjiif;csuf (2) &yfudk OD;pGm Mum;emqHk;jzwfcJhjcif;jzpfonf-
aMumif;? w&m;vkd vuf&jdS zpfí xde;f odr;f xm;aom tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
]] 3/ trIukd w&m;pGqJ &kd eftaMumif; ay:aygufjcif;r&Sd
taqmufttHw k iG f w&m;NyKd irf o
d m;pkonf usL;ausmaf ejcif;aMumifh
qkdonfrSm rSefovm;?
trIpGJqkd&aMumif;jzifh tqdkvTmwGif azmfjypGJqkdonf/
4/ trIrSm umvpnf;urf;owfausmfvGefNyD;jzpf
acsvmT wGif tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh ,if;ajray:&Sd ESpx f yfwu dk f
onfrSm rSefovm;/}}
tygt0if tusKd ;cHpm;cGit hf m;vH;k udk w&m;NyKd it
f rSwf (1) OD;&Sw d u kH
aZ,s0wDoMum;pufurk P Ü \ D pm&if;&Si;f vif;zsuo f rd ;f a&;wm0efcH &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu tcsif;jzpf
OD;cifpdefxHrS 21-3-1985 aeYpGJyg rSwfyHkrwifaompmcsKyft& ypön;f ESiyhf wfoufí w&m;vdw k iG f yk*v
¾ u
d taejzifh ykid qf idk af Mumif;
0,f,lvufa&muf&&SdcJhaMumif;? w&m;vkdonf A.B.Sengupta \ tqkdjyKEkdifjcif;r&SdaMumif;? tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk ykdifqkdifolrSm rnfol
tvkyform;jzpfNyD; tvkyform;wef;vsm;wGifom aexkdifcGihf&ol jzpf a Mumif ; txif t &S m ;ray:ayguf a Mumif ; ? w&m;vd k u
jzpfaMumif;? wked q
D if;ESifh OD;cifped w
f uYdk w&m;vdt k ay: cGijfh yKcsujf zifh vufa&muf&vkdaMumif; pGJqkdonfhypönf;udk w&m;vkdu ykdifqkdif
184 181
2015 aMumif; txift&Sm;rjyEkdifaomtajctaewGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef wef;vsm;wGif aexkdifcGihf&ol[k azmfjy&ef taMumif;r&SdaMumif;? 2015

OD;&rfulab;yef'pf taMumif; ray:aygufaMumif; oHk;oyfum w&m;vkd\trIudk OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
t,lcw H &m;vku d tqdv k mT wGif ¤if;vuf0,fxm;ykid cf iG &fh cdS ahJ Mumif;udk
ESifh ESifh
y,fcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ wdwdusus azmfjyxm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;? odkYjzpfí w&m;pGJqkd&ef
yg 5 jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu tcsif;jzpfOypm taMumif;ay:aygufjcif;r&SdaMumif;jzifh t,lcHw&m;vkd\trIudk yg 5
onf aZ,s0wDoMum;pufukrÜPDykdifypönf;jzpfNyD; w&m;vdkonf yvyfcahJ om jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy\

f 'Du&Donf Oya'?
tvkyo f rm;wpfO;D ? NcaH pmift h jzpf aexkid cf o hJ jl zpfaMumif;? w&m;vdk pD&ifxHk;rsm;ESihf nDñGwfrI&SdaMumif; ajzqkdum þtxl;t,lcHrIudk
onf ukrP Ü yD idk af jrwGif ukrP Ü \ D cGijhf yKcsujf zifh aexkid cf o hJ ol mjzpfí yvyfoihfaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
¤if;onf ESpfaygif;rnfrQyif vuf&Sdxm;aexkdifapumrl qefYusif &efukefNrdKU? A[ef;NrdKUe,f? ajrwkdif;&yfuGuftrSwf 2-D?
yk d i f q k d i f c G i h f r &Ek d i f o uJ h o d k Y yk d i f & S i f v nf ; jzpf r vmEk d i f a Mumif ; ? 468 472 - A
ajruGut
f rSwf N -2
? 2 {&d,m 1.210 {u&Sd ajrESihf ,if;ajr
tqkv d mT t& 12 ESpaf usmf vuf&adS exkid cf ahJ Mumif; wifjycsurf t S y
ay:&Sd Advk cf sKd (1) &yfuu G ?f Adv k cf sKd vrf;? trSwf (11) [k ac:wGiaf om
w&m;vdo k nf tcsi;f jzpfOypmtay: pDrcH efcY yJG ikd cf iG &fh o dS jl zpfaMumif;
taqmufttHkESifh tvkyform;wef;vsm;rSm aZ,s0wDoMum;puf
wif j yEk d i f j cif ; r&S d o jzif h vuf & S d x m;ol w G i f yk d i f a &;yd k i f c G i h f E S i f h
ukrP Ü tD rnfaygufyidk q f idk af Mumif;? ,if;ajrESihf taqmufttHw k iG f
roufqkdifaMumif;? oD;jcm;oufomcGihftufOya'yk'fr 8 t&
ukrP Ü \D twGi;f a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta ESihf w&m;vkw d rYdk od m;pkonf
vufa&muf&vdkrIpGJqkd &mwGif w&m;vdkonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif
1967 ckEpS rf pS í aexkid cf MhJ uaMumif;? A.B.Sengupta onf w&m;vkd
tcGihfta&;&Sdoljzpf&efvkdaMumif;? w&m;vdkonf ykdifa&;ykdifcGihf
tm; NcH0if;ESifh taqmufttHkrsm;udk xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smuf&ef
aomfvnf;aumif;? pDrHcefYcGJydkifcGihfaomfvnf;aumif; wifjyEkdifjcif;
wm0efay;NyD; 1969 ckESpfwGif tdE´d,odkY tNyD;jyefoGm;aMumif;?
r&So d jzifh w&m;pGq J &kd ef tcGit fh a&;r&Sad Mumif; oH;k oyfum t,lcrH I
wkdeDqif;ESifh OD;cifpdefwkdYu ukrÜPD\ 'g½kdufwmESifh pm&if;
udk yvyfcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
&Sif;vif;a&;wm0efcH[kqkdum w&m;vdktay: cGihfjyKcsufjzifh
w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;qkdonfrSm w&m;vkdtrIEkdif&ef? aeoltm; ESiv f rdk pI q
JG &dk m w&m;½H;k tqifq h ihw
f iG f trI½;HI edrchf ahJ Mumif;?
oufaoxif&Sm;jy&ef vkdtyfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpkjzpfonf/ w&m;Nyd K if t rS w f (1) ES i h f rd o m;pk o nf tcsif ; jzpf a jrES i f h
w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg jy|mef;csuf taqmufttHkudk OD;cifpdefxHrS 0,f,lxm;aMumif; &efukef
188 185
2015 cJhjcif;omjzpfí ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh ykdif&Sif\ tcGihfta&;rsm;udk t&qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk jzpfajrmufap 2015
oHk;pGJaexkdifoljzpfonf[k rqdkEkdifacs/ aom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the cause of ac-
ESifh ESifh
tion) ukd tqkjd yK&rnfjzpfonf/ tqkv d mT u w&m;pGqJ &dk eftaMumif;
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh a':jrjr ESifh OD;armifarmifa&TtrI(3) wGif ykdifqkdifcGifh OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 wpfpHkwpf&mr&SdbJ ypönf;vuf&Sdjzpfolonf xkdypönf;wGif qkdifa&; jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk xif&mS ;odomapjcif;r&Sd yg 5
qkid cf iG fh (interest) &Sad Mumif;? ykid &f iS t

f oGijf zifh ajrvuf&jdS zpfNy;D ykid &f iS f vQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t& tqdkvTmudk y,f&rnfjzpf
\ omreftcGifhta&;udk oHk;pGJaexkdifolwpfOD;onf ykdif&SiftppfrS onf/ xkaYd Mumifh tqkv d mT ü tqkjd yKaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;onf
w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif; &Sd r&So
d mvQif pdppf&rnf/
wpfyg; cyfodrf;ukefaomolwkdYESifhpyfvsOf;í ykdifqkdifcGihftckdiftrm
wpfenf;qkd&aomf xkdtaMumif;jcif;&mrsm; xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdk
&SdaMumif;? ykdif&Sifr[kwfaom tjcm;olu xkdvuf&Sdxm;jcif;udk
onf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&SdomvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/
taESmifht,SufjyKvmvQif vuf&Sdxm;olonf vufa&muf&vkd
aMumif; pGJqdkEkdifonf[k qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfonf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGJqdk&ef
taMumif ; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
þtrIwGif t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfOypmukd
ay:ayguf&m a'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
1969 ckEpS rf S pwifí vuf&x dS m;aexkid cf jhJ cif;rSeaf omfvnf; ykid &f iS f
pGJqkd&rnf[kvnf;aumif;? trdefY 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif
toGijf zifh ykid &f iS \
f tcGit
hf a&;rsm;udk oH;k pGaJ exkid o
f rl [kwb f J ykid &f iS f w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; wpf&yfwnf;ESiphf yfvsO;f í wpfcx k ufyadk om
aZ,s0wD o Mum;puf u k r Ü P D \ twG i f ; a&;rS L ;u xd e f ; od r f ; oufomcGihfrsm;udk &xkdufcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf tqkdyg oufomcGihf
apmifah &Smuf&ef wm0efay;tyfcjhJ cif;aMumifh NcaH pmiht f jzpf vuf&x dS m; tm;vH;k twGujf zpfap? tcsKd Ut0uftwGujf zpfap w&m;pGq J Edk idk o
f nf/
aexkdifoljzpfaMumif; tqkdvTmt& awGUjrif&onf/ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif;
t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh ykdif&Sif\ tcGihf jy|mef;xm;onf/
ta&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf ohJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkv d mT t& ay:ayguf w&m;NyKd ib
ojzifh t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHkwGif usifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 8 rwkdifrD yk'fr 20 (*)? trdefY 2? enf;Oya'
qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sdxm;ykdifcGihf (possessory 2 (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif
title) &&So
d [
l vk nf; rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumihf t,lcw
H &m;vkt
d aejzifh ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk
186 187
2015 axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf awGUjrifEkdifonf- 2015

OD;&rfulab;yef'pf acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/ OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh ]] Now the cause of action has no relation whatever to ESifh
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef the defence which may be set up by the defendant, OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f nor does it depend upon the character of the relief yg 5
jyqkdxm;onf-
prayed for by the plaintiff. It refers entirely to the
]]Cause of action }} occuring in S.20 (c) of the Civil grounds set forth in the plaint as the cause of action,
Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would be
or, in other words, to the media upon which the plain-
necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his right to
tiff asks the Court to arrive at a conclusion in his
the judgement of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle of facts
favour.}}
which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he can suc-
ceed in the suit.}} t,lcHw&m;vkd\tqkdvTmt& tcsif;jzpfajruGufESihf
w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif;[lonf w&m;vkt d rIwiG f tEdik f taqmuftHk? tvkyform;wef;vsm;wkdYrSm aZ,s0wDoMum;puf
r&rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k tqkyd g ukrÜPDtrnfaygufydkifqkdifaMumif; twdtvif;azmfjyxm;ojzifh
pD&ifx;kH wGif jyqkjd cif;onf trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg jy|mef;csuf t,lcH w&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfOypm\ ykdif&Sifr[kwfaMumif;?
t"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg ]]trIwGiftEkdif wpfenf;tm;jzihf tcsif;jzpfOypmwGif ykdifa&;ykdifcGihf (title) &Sdol
r&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwiG t f Ekid &f &ef}} t"dymÜ ,f&onf[k r[kwaf Mumif; jrifomonf/ tcsi;f jzpfajruGuEf iS hf taqmufttHk
wpfenf;qkdEkdifonf/ wGif oMum;pufukrÜPD\ twGif;a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta ESihf
SHANTILAL SURAJMAL MEHTA V t,lcw H &m;vkw d rYdk o
d m;pk onf 1967 ckEpS rf S pwifaexkid cf ahJ Mumif;?
MARIAM BI BI AND SIX OTHERS trI ( 5 ) wG i f A.B.Sengupta onf t,l c H w &m;vd k t m; NcH 0 if ; ajrES i f h
pD&ifxHk;tudk;tum;jzifh atmufygtwkdif; &Sif;jyxm;onfudk taqmufttHrk sm;udk xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smuf&ef wm0efay;Ny;D 1969
(4) 1959 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-314 (w&m;vTwfawmf)/ ckESpfwGif tdE´d,odkY tNyD;jyefoGm;aMumif; tqkdjyKxm;í t,lcH
(5) 1960 jynf h E S p f ? jref r mEk d i f i H w &m;pD & if x H k ; ? pm-359 (371?372) w&m;vko d nf tcsi;f jzpfOypmwGif NcaH pmiht f jzpf qufvufaexkid f
(w&m;vTwfawmf)/
186 187
2015 axmufcsifhygu w&m;pGJqdk&eftaMumif;[laom pum;&yfonf awGUjrifEkdifonf- 2015

OD;&rfulab;yef'pf acsvTmESifh roufqkdifaMumif; jrifomonf/ OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
ESifh ]] Now the cause of action has no relation whatever to ESifh
OD;aqmif;ESifh OD;cifarmiftrI(4) wGif w&m;pGJqkd&ef the defence which may be set up by the defendant, OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 taMumif; (Cause of action) qko
d nfh pum;&yfukd atmufygtwkid ;f nor does it depend upon the character of the relief yg 5
jyqkdxm;onf-
prayed for by the plaintiff. It refers entirely to the
]]Cause of action }} occuring in S.20 (c) of the Civil grounds set forth in the plaint as the cause of action,
Procedure Code means every fact which if traversed, it would be
or, in other words, to the media upon which the plain-
necessary for the plaintiff to prove in order to support his right to
tiff asks the Court to arrive at a conclusion in his
the judgement of the Court. In other words, it is a bundle of facts
favour.}}
which it is necessary for the plaintiff to prove before he can suc-
ceed in the suit.}} t,lcHw&m;vkd\tqkdvTmt& tcsif;jzpfajruGufESihf
w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif;[lonf w&m;vkt d rIwiG f tEdik f taqmuftHk? tvkyform;wef;vsm;wkdYrSm aZ,s0wDoMum;puf
r&rD oufaoxif&mS ;jy&ef vkt d yfaom taMumif;jcif;&mpk[k tqkyd g ukrÜPDtrnfaygufydkifqkdifaMumif; twdtvif;azmfjyxm;ojzifh
pD&ifx;kH wGif jyqkjd cif;onf trdeYf 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) yg jy|mef;csuf t,lcH w&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfOypm\ ykdif&Sifr[kwfaMumif;?
t"dyÜm,fudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif;&ma&mufonf/ pD&ifxHk;yg ]]trIwGiftEkdif wpfenf;tm;jzihf tcsif;jzpfOypmwGif ykdifa&;ykdifcGihf (title) &Sdol
r&rD}} [laom pum;&yfonf ]]trIwiG t f Ekid &f &ef}} t"dymÜ ,f&onf[k r[kwaf Mumif; jrifomonf/ tcsi;f jzpfajruGuEf iS hf taqmufttHk
wpfenf;qkdEkdifonf/ wGif oMum;pufukrÜPD\ twGif;a&;rSL; A.B.Sengupta ESihf
SHANTILAL SURAJMAL MEHTA V t,lcw H &m;vkw d rYdk o
d m;pk onf 1967 ckEpS rf S pwifaexkid cf ahJ Mumif;?
MARIAM BI BI AND SIX OTHERS trI ( 5 ) wG i f A.B.Sengupta onf t,l c H w &m;vd k t m; NcH 0 if ; ajrES i f h
pD&ifxHk;tudk;tum;jzifh atmufygtwkdif; &Sif;jyxm;onfudk taqmufttHrk sm;udk xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smuf&ef wm0efay;Ny;D 1969
(4) 1959 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-314 (w&m;vTwfawmf)/ ckESpfwGif tdE´d,odkY tNyD;jyefoGm;aMumif; tqkdjyKxm;í t,lcH
(5) 1960 jynf h E S p f ? jref r mEk d i f i H w &m;pD & if x H k ; ? pm-359 (371?372) w&m;vko d nf tcsi;f jzpfOypmwGif NcaH pmiht f jzpf qufvufaexkid f
(w&m;vTwfawmf)/
188 185
2015 cJhjcif;omjzpfí ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh ykdif&Sif\ tcGihfta&;rsm;udk t&qkdvQif tqkdvTmwGif w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;udk jzpfajrmufap 2015
oHk;pGJaexkdifoljzpfonf[k rqdkEkdifacs/ aom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm; (facts constituting the cause of ac-
ESifh ESifh
tion) ukd tqkjd yK&rnfjzpfonf/ tqkv d mT u w&m;pGqJ &dk eftaMumif;
OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh a':jrjr ESifh OD;armifarmifa&TtrI(3) wGif ykdifqkdifcGifh OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
yg 5 wpfpHkwpf&mr&SdbJ ypönf;vuf&Sdjzpfolonf xkdypönf;wGif qkdifa&; jzpfajrmufapaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk xif&mS ;odomapjcif;r&Sd yg 5
qkid cf iG fh (interest) &Sad Mumif;? ykid &f iS t

f oGijf zifh ajrvuf&jdS zpfNy;D ykid &f iS f vQif trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 11 (u) t& tqdkvTmudk y,f&rnfjzpf
\ omreftcGifhta&;udk oHk;pGJaexkdifolwpfOD;onf ykdif&SiftppfrS onf/ xkaYd Mumifh tqkv d mT ü tqkjd yKaom taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;onf
w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; jzpfajrmufapjcif; &Sd r&So
d mvQif pdppf&rnf/
wpfyg; cyfodrf;ukefaomolwkdYESifhpyfvsOf;í ykdifqkdifcGihftckdiftrm
wpfenf;qkd&aomf xkdtaMumif;jcif;&mrsm; xif&Sm;cJhvQif w&m;vdk
&SdaMumif;? ykdif&Sifr[kwfaom tjcm;olu xkdvuf&Sdxm;jcif;udk
onf trIEkdifajc &Sd r&SdomvQif pdppf&efjzpfonf/
taESmifht,SufjyKvmvQif vuf&Sdxm;olonf vufa&muf&vkd
aMumif; pGJqdkEkdifonf[k qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfonf/ w&m;rusifhxHk;Oya'yk'fr 20 (*) wGif w&m;pGJqdk&ef
taMumif ; vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;jzpf a p? wpf p d w f w pf a 'ojzpf a p
þtrIwGif t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfOypmukd
ay:ayguf&m a'otwGi;f ü pD&ifyidk cf iG t fh mPm&Sad om w&m;½H;k wGif
1969 ckEpS rf S pwifí vuf&x dS m;aexkid cf jhJ cif;rSeaf omfvnf; ykid &f iS f
pGJqkd&rnf[kvnf;aumif;? trdefY 2? enf;Oya' 2 (3) wGif
toGijf zifh ykid &f iS \
f tcGit
hf a&;rsm;udk oH;k pGaJ exkid o
f rl [kwb f J ykid &f iS f w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; wpf&yfwnf;ESiphf yfvsO;f í wpfcx k ufyadk om
aZ,s0wD o Mum;puf u k r Ü P D \ twG i f ; a&;rS L ;u xd e f ; od r f ; oufomcGihfrsm;udk &xkdufcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf tqkdyg oufomcGihf
apmifah &Smuf&ef wm0efay;tyfcjhJ cif;aMumifh NcaH pmiht f jzpf vuf&x dS m; tm;vH;k twGujf zpfap? tcsKd Ut0uftwGujf zpfap w&m;pGq J Edk idk o
f nf/
aexkdifoljzpfaMumif; tqkdvTmt& awGUjrif&onf/ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [kvnf;aumif;
t,lcHw&m;vkdonf ykdif&SiftoGifjzifh ykdif&Sif\ tcGihf jy|mef;xm;onf/
ta&;rsm;udk &&Sad exkid cf ohJ rl [kwaf Mumif; tqkv d mT t& ay:ayguf w&m;NyKd ib
ojzifh t,lcHw&m;vkdonf tcsif;jzpfajrESifh taqmufttHkwGif usifhxHk;Oya'trdefY 8 rwkdifrD yk'fr 20 (*)? trdefY 2? enf;Oya'
qkdifa&;qkdifcGihf (interest) r&&Sdí vuf&Sdxm;ykdifcGihf (possessory 2 (3)? trdefY 7? enf;Oya' 1 (i) ESifh enf;Oya' 11 (u) wkdYwGif
title) &&So
d [
l vk nf; rqkEd idk af cs/ xkaYd Mumihf t,lcw
H &m;vkt
d aejzifh ]]w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;}} pum;&yftm; &nfñTef;xm;jcif;udk
192 189
2015 Gold Moon Fair family Company Ltd.(a&Tv£aÈ´ vuf&Sdxm;ydkifcGihf tcGifhta&;udk taMumif;jyKí vufa&muf&vkdrI 2015
Gold Moon Fair
rdom;pkurk PÜ vD rD w
d uf) (ud,
k pf m;refae*si;f 'g½ku
d w
f m a':jzLjzLvGi)f pGJqkdcGifh tcGihfta&;r&Sdacs/ OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
Family Company ESifh
yg 2 OD;wkdYu jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD; yg 5 OD; odjYk zpfí t,lcw H &m;vk\
d tqkv
d mT u tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
Ltd (a&Tv£aÈ´ OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
rdom;pkukrÜPD wktYd ay: trIac:pmcReaf wmftrdex Yf w
k q
f ifah y;yg&ef avQmufxm; taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&&eftwGuf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; yg 5
vDrdwuf udk,fpm; vTmudk usrf;usdefvTmyl;wGJí avQmufxm;onf/ ay:aygufjcif;r&Sdojzifh rlv½Hk;\ tqkdvTmudk y,fonfhtrdefYudk
refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm
a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2
avQmufxm;olwifoGif;onfh avQmufxm;vTmESihf jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f twnfjyKcjhJ cif;rSm rSm;,Gi;f jcif;
ESifh usrf;usdefvTmwkdYt& avQmufxm;olrsm;jzpfaom Gold Moon Fair r&Sdacs/
jynfaxmifpk family Company Ltd. ud, k pf m; refae*si;f 'g½ku
d wf m a':jzLjzLvGif xkdYaMumifh Mum;emcJhaomjyóemudk atmufygtwkdif;
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf ESihf OD;cifarmifa&TwkdYu avQmufxm;cH&ol (5) a&Twa,m a&mif;
w&m;olBuD; ajzqkdum þw&m;rtxl;t,lcHrIudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfvkduf
0,fa&;ukrÜPDvDrdwuftay: &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? 2008 ckESpf? onf-
(3 OD;xkdif) yg 5
w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 653 wGif Fair & Lovely uket f rSwwf q
H yd o
f nf
]] w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;ray:ayguf[k taMumif;
w&m;vdk\ wpfOD;wnf;rlykdifukeftrSwfwHqdyfjzpfaMumif; >ruf[
jyum OD ; &rf u l a b;yef ' pf \ trI u d k y,f c J h onfh
aMunmay;&efESifh ,if;ukeftrSwfwHqdyfyg tvSukefypönf;rsm;udk
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ pD&ifcsufESifh
jynf y rS jref r mEd k i f i H o k d Y rS m ,l w if o G i f ; jzef Y c sd a &mif ; csjcif ; ?
'Du&Donf Oya'? pD&ifxHk;vrf;ñTefcsufr sm;ES i f h
vuf0,fxm;&Sd okdavSmifjcif;? xkwfvkyfjcif;rjyKvkyfap&eftwGuf
nDñGwfrI&SdaMumif;/}}
oD;jcm;oufomcGihftufOya'yk'fr 54 t& xm0&wm;0&rf;
xkwq f ifah y;apvkrd EI iS fh epfemaMu;aiG usyo f ed ;f 1000 &vkrd I pGq J &kd m a&SUaep&dwf usyf 50000^- owfrSwfonf/
yPmrjiif;csuft& w&m;vkd\ tqkdvTmudk yvyfcJhaMumif;?
w&m;vdku w&m;½Hk;csKyf (&efukef) 2010 jynfhESpf? w&m;ryxr
t,lcrH tI rSwf 101? jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKy?f 2011 ckEpS ?f
w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf 301? jynfaxmifpk
w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKy?f 2011 ckEpS ?f w&m;rtxl; t,lcrH t I rSwf 131
190 191
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI vQifjzpfap? tay:,HaMumMunfh½HkrQjzihf rSm;,Gif;onfhtrdefYwpf&yf 2015

rwfv 18 &uf
jzpfaMumif; xif&Sm;jrifomvQifjzpfap ,if;trdefYudk trIac: Gold Moon Fair
Family Company
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq
f ihyf ,fzsucf iG &fh o
dS nf/
Ltd (a&Tv£aÈ´
OD ; omaX;? OD ; pd k ; ñG e f Y ES i f h OD ; atmif a Zmf o d e f ; wk d Y a &S U wG i f vuf a tmuf c H w &m;½H k ; rsm;\ qH k ; jzwf c suf t ay: rdom;pkukrÜPD
t,lcHrIwifoGif;jcif; odkYr[kwf jyifqifrIavQmufxm;í tjrifhqHk; vDrdwuf udk,fpm;
Gold Moon Fair Family Company Ltd w&m;½Hk;jzpfaom jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu qHk;jzwfNyD; refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm
(a&T v £aÈ´rdr do m;pk u k r Ü P D v D r d w uf u d k , f p m; a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2
jzpfygu tjrifq h ;kH w&m;½H;k \ qH;k jzwfcsut
f ay: tqifw h tl jrifq
h ;kH
ESifh
refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2 w&m;½Hk;u BuD;MuyfuGyfuJrItmPm odkYr[kwf BuD;MuyfrItmPmudk
jynfaxmifpk
ES i f h oHk;pGJí pmcRefawmftrdefYjzifh 0ifa&mufpGufzufEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
avQmufxm;olrsm;rS trIac:pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq f ihf w&m;olBuD;
jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf w &m;ol B uD ; (3 OD ; xk d i f ) (3 OD;xkdif) yg 5
ay;&ef avQmufxm;jcif;onf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\
yg 55*
trd e f Y t ay: avQmuf x m;jcif ; jzpf o nf / wpf e nf ; qk d a omf
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\trdefYtay: avQmufxm;olrsm;rS trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqihfay;&ef
pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhcGihfr&Sdojzihf ueOD;trdefY avQmufxm;aomtrdefYudk csrSwfonfh w&m;½Hk;onf jynfaxmifpk
csrS w f & ef taMumif ; r&S d j cif ; / w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfjzpfí jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu
Bu;D MuyfuyG u
f &J onfh vufatmufw&m;½H;k r[kwo f jzihf pmcReaf wmf
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf o nf rd r d trdefYxkwfqihfcGihfr&SdaMumif;rSm jrifomonf/
vufatmufw&m;½H;k wpf½;kH ½H;k u csrw S o f nfh pD&ifcsuf okrYd [kwf trdeYf
wpf&yf&yfonf rdrt d m; tyfEiS ;f xm;jcif;r&So d nfh pD&ifyidk cf iG t
fh mPm
k q
udk usio fh ;kH aqmif&u
G x f m;aMumif; awGU&S&d vQijf zpfap? rdrt d m;tyfEiS ;f
csrw
xm;onfh pD&ifyidk cf iG tfh mPmudu k sio fh ;kH &ef ysuu
f u G af Mumif; awGU&S&d
avQmufxm;olrsm;twGuf - OD;pk;d [ef? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
190 191
+ 2015 ckESpf w&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI vQifjzpfap? tay:,HaMumMunfh½HkrQjzihf rSm;,Gif;onfhtrdefYwpf&yf 2015

rwfv 18 &uf
jzpfaMumif; xif&Sm;jrifomvQifjzpfap ,if;trdefYudk trIac: Gold Moon Fair
Family Company
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq
f ihyf ,fzsucf iG &fh o
dS nf/
Ltd (a&Tv£aÈ´
OD ; omaX;? OD ; pd k ; ñG e f Y ES i f h OD ; atmif a Zmf o d e f ; wk d Y a &S U wG i f vuf a tmuf c H w &m;½H k ; rsm;\ qH k ; jzwf c suf t ay: rdom;pkukrÜPD
t,lcHrIwifoGif;jcif; odkYr[kwf jyifqifrIavQmufxm;í tjrifhqHk; vDrdwuf udk,fpm;
Gold Moon Fair Family Company Ltd w&m;½Hk;jzpfaom jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu qHk;jzwfNyD; refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm
(a&T v £aÈ´rdr do m;pk u k r Ü P D v D r d w uf u d k , f p m; a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2
jzpfygu tjrifq h ;kH w&m;½H;k \ qH;k jzwfcsut
f ay: tqifw h tl jrifq
h ;kH
ESifh
refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2 w&m;½Hk;u BuD;MuyfuGyfuJrItmPm odkYr[kwf BuD;MuyfrItmPmudk
jynfaxmifpk
ES i f h oHk;pGJí pmcRefawmftrdefYjzifh 0ifa&mufpGufzufEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf
avQmufxm;olrsm;rS trIac:pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq f ihf w&m;olBuD;
jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf w &m;ol B uD ; (3 OD ; xk d i f ) (3 OD;xkdif) yg 5
yg 55*
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\trdefYtay: avQmufxm;olrsm;rS trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqihfay;&ef
pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhcGihfr&Sdojzihf ueOD;trdefY avQmufxm;aomtrdefYudk csrSwfonfh w&m;½Hk;onf jynfaxmifpk
csrS w f & ef taMumif ; r&S d j cif ; / w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfjzpfí jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu
Bu;D MuyfuyG u
f &J onfh vufatmufw&m;½H;k r[kwo f jzihf pmcReaf wmf
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf o nf rd r d trdefYxkwfqihfcGihfr&SdaMumif;rSm jrifomonf/
vufatmufw&m;½H;k wpf½;kH ½H;k u csrw S o f nfh pD&ifcsuf okrYd [kwf trdeYf
wpf&yf&yfonf rdrt d m; tyfEiS ;f xm;jcif;r&So d nfh pD&ifyidk cf iG t
fh mPm
k q
udk usio fh ;kH aqmif&u
G x f m;aMumif; awGU&S&d vQijf zpfap? rdrt d m;tyfEiS ;f
csrw
xm;onfh pD&ifyidk cf iG tfh mPmudu k sio fh ;kH &ef ysuu
f u G af Mumif; awGU&S&d
avQmufxm;olrsm;twGuf - OD;pk;d [ef? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
192 189
2015 Gold Moon Fair family Company Ltd.(a&Tv£aÈ´ vuf&Sdxm;ydkifcGihf tcGifhta&;udk taMumif;jyKí vufa&muf&vkdrI 2015
Gold Moon Fair
rdom;pkurk PÜ vD rD w
d uf) (ud,
k pf m;refae*si;f 'g½ku
d w
f m a':jzLjzLvGi)f pGJqkdcGifh tcGihfta&;r&Sdacs/ OD;&rfulab;yef'pf
Family Company ESifh
yg 2 OD;wkdYu jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD; yg 5 OD; odjYk zpfí t,lcw H &m;vk\
d tqkv
d mT u tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf
Ltd (a&Tv£aÈ´ OD;&SdwHk (c) OD;vSjrifh
rdom;pkukrÜPD wktYd ay: trIac:pmcReaf wmftrdex Yf w
k q
f ifah y;yg&ef avQmufxm; taqmufttHu k kd vufa&muf&&eftwGuf w&m;pGq J &dk eftaMumif; yg 5
vDrdwuf udk,fpm; vTmudk usrf;usdefvTmyl;wGJí avQmufxm;onf/ ay:aygufjcif;r&Sdojzifh rlv½Hk;\ tqkdvTmudk y,fonfhtrdefYudk
refae;*sif;'g½kdufwm
a':jzLjzLvGif) yg 2
avQmufxm;olwifoGif;onfh avQmufxm;vTmESihf jynfaxmifpw
k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu f twnfjyKcjhJ cif;rSm rSm;,Gi;f jcif;
ESifh usrf;usdefvTmwkdYt& avQmufxm;olrsm;jzpfaom Gold Moon Fair r&Sdacs/
jynfaxmifpk family Company Ltd. ud, k pf m; refae*si;f 'g½ku
d wf m a':jzLjzLvGif xkdYaMumifh Mum;emcJhaomjyóemudk atmufygtwkdif;
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf ESihf OD;cifarmifa&TwkdYu avQmufxm;cH&ol (5) a&Twa,m a&mif;
w&m;olBuD; ajzqkdum þw&m;rtxl;t,lcHrIudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfvkduf
0,fa&;ukrÜPDvDrdwuftay: &efukefwkdif;w&m;½Hk;? 2008 ckESpf? onf-
(3 OD;xkdif) yg 5
w&m;rBu;D rItrSwf 653 wGif Fair & Lovely uket f rSwwf q
H yd o
f nf
]] w&m;pGJqkd&eftaMumif;ray:ayguf[k taMumif;
w&m;vdk\ wpfOD;wnf;rlykdifukeftrSwfwHqdyfjzpfaMumif; >ruf[
jyum OD ; &rf u l a b;yef ' pf \ trI u d k y,f c J h onfh
aMunmay;&efESifh ,if;ukeftrSwfwHqdyfyg tvSukefypönf;rsm;udk
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ pD&ifcsufESifh
jynf y rS jref r mEd k i f i H o k d Y rS m ,l w if o G i f ; jzef Y c sd a &mif ; csjcif ; ?
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jyKral qmif&u G cf surf sm;onf w&m;vdu k rk P
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Family Company
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aMumif; avQmufxm;onf/
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jzpfí tjyeftvSef tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdomjzpfonf/ tzkd; t,lcrH t I rSwf 41 tm; yvyfco hJ nf/ armifa0vif;vQH yg 4 OD;
pm;em;r&So d nfu h wdjzpfí oabmwlncD sut f jzpf ra&muf&EdS idk af y/ wkuYd {&m0wDwidk ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf\ 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;r
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armifa0vif;vQH wkdYonf ykodrfwuúodkvfwGif cspfBudKufcJhMuNyD;
t,lcHw&m;NydKiftwGuf - OD;NzdK;oGif? w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
28-8-2011 &uf a eY w G i f aiG a qmif N rd K Ue,f c G J & S d &mZmatmif
ykodrfc½dkifw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf wnf ; ck d c ef ; wG i f v nf ; aumif ; ?29-8-2011 &uf a eY w G i f
117 wGif rxufxufatmifrS armifa0vif;vQH yg 4 OD;tay: opfa&mif;aus;&GmwGiv f nf;aumif;?2-9-2011 &ufaeYwiG f ykord Nf rKd U?
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OD;aZmf0if;EkdifwkdYu rxufxufatmifodkY uwdysufavsmfaMu;aiG (c) a':pdeef uf? (1) w&m;NyKd i\ f tpfurkd sm;jzpfonfh (3) w&m;NyKd if
usyf odef; 70 ay;ap&ef 'Du&DcsrSwfcJhonf/ ,if;'Du&Dudk OD ; wif 0 if ; ? (4) w&m;Nyd K if OD ; aZmf 0 if ; Ek d i f E S i f h aqG r sd K ;rsm;u
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r*Fvm{nfch yH jJG yKvyk af y;rnf[k uwdjyKcMhJ uaMumif;? 25-10-2011
198 199
2015 wlnDcsufwpf&yfü omreftm;jzifh tzdk;pm;em;&SdrSom oabm jzifhvnf;aumif;? rxufxufatmifu 2014 ckESpf? w&m;ryxr 2015
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w&m;NyKd iwf rYdk mS w&m;0iftMuifvifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;aeMuNy;D ay;ap&ef 'Du&Dudk jyifqifcsrSwfNyD; 2014 ckESpf? w&m;ryxr
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pm;em;r&So d nfu h wdjzpfí oabmwlncD sut f jzpf ra&muf&EdS idk af y/ wkuYd {&m0wDwidk ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf\ 2014 ckEpS ?f w&m;r
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armifa0vif;vQH wkdYonf ykodrfwuúodkvfwGif cspfBudKufcJhMuNyD;
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28-8-2011 &uf a eY w G i f aiG a qmif N rd K Ue,f c G J & S d &mZmatmif
ykodrfc½dkifw&m;½Hk;? 2011 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf wnf ; ck d c ef ; wG i f v nf ; aumif ; ?29-8-2011 &uf a eY w G i f
117 wGif rxufxufatmifrS armifa0vif;vQH yg 4 OD;tay: opfa&mif;aus;&GmwGiv f nf;aumif;?2-9-2011 &ufaeYwiG f ykord Nf rKd U?
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OD;aZmf0if;EkdifwkdYu rxufxufatmifodkY uwdysufavsmfaMu;aiG (c) a':pdeef uf? (1) w&m;NyKd i\ f tpfurkd sm;jzpfonfh (3) w&m;NyKd if
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200 197
2015 &ufaeYwiG f ykord Nf rKd Uü r*Fvm {nfch yH jJG yKvyk &f ef ESpzf ufoabmwlnD usi;f yum xdr;f jrm;vufxyfavh&adS Mumif;? odaYk omf w&m;Oya't& 2015
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2015 &ufaeYü vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJMh uonf/ xkaYd emuf 3-9-2011 w&m;vdEk iS hf ¤if;rdcifxH 0,f,t l yfEaHS y;cJah Mumif;? w&m;vdrk S ¤if;\ 2015
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wko Yd nf oufaocH (1) xdr;f jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvmT udk jyKvyk cf hJ uGJcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;ray:aygufaMumif;?
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vnf;aumif;? (1) w&m;NydKif \rdcif (2) w&m;NydKifaetdrfwGif z,fxkwfoihfaMumif;? w&m;vdkonf awmif;qkdonfh avsmfaMu;aiG
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2015 w&m;vdkodkY w&m;NydKifrsm;uay;ap&ef 'Du&DcsrSwfcJhonf/ r*Fvmp&dwftygt0if ypönf;rsm;r&í r*Fvmraqmifjcif;jzpf 2015

armifa0vif;vQH aMumif;? w&m;NydKifrsm;bufrS ysufuGufjcif;r&Sdí w&m;vkdonf armifa0vif;vQH
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ay;ap&ef 'Du&Dudk jyifqifcsrSwfcJhonf/ tyfESHonfhaeYuvnf; txkduftavsmufukefusrI&SdcJhjcif; ponfh
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rxufxufatmif ESifh (1) w&m;NydKif armifa0vif;vQHwkdYonf avsmfaMu;aiG usyfodef; 70 tpm; aiGusyfodef; 50 udk w&m;NydKif
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jyKvyk af y;rnf[k w&m;NyKd irf sm;bufrS 0efcaH jymqdck jhJ cif;r&Sad Mumif;? oabmwl aiGaqmifNrKd U&Sd &mZmatmifwnf;ckcd ef;wGif 28-8-2011
w&m;vdkESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwdkYonf w&m;0ifvifr,m;tjzpf (1) 1966 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-1021/
todtrSwfjyKNyD;jzpfaMumif;? rdbcsif; tqifrajyí vifr,m;
(2) 8 t,fvf bD tm&f? (1915-1916)? pm-347/
uGJaejcif;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;vkdbufrS ¤if;wkdYawmif;qdkonfh
(3) 3 ,l bD tm&f? (1917-1920)? pm-106/
202 203
2015 w&m;vdkodkY w&m;NydKifrsm;uay;ap&ef 'Du&DcsrSwfcJhonf/ r*Fvmp&dwftygt0if ypönf;rsm;r&í r*Fvmraqmifjcif;jzpf 2015

armifa0vif;vQH aMumif;? w&m;NydKifrsm;bufrS ysufuGufjcif;r&Sdí w&m;vkdonf armifa0vif;vQH
yg 4 wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu w&m;NydKifbufrS yg 4
owkdYom;ESifh owkdYorD;0wfpHkcsKyf&ef aiGusyf 1 odef;ay;cJhaMumif;? w&m;Nyd K if r sm;xH r S uwd y suf a vsmf a Mu;aiG r&xk d u f a Mumif ; ?
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r*Fvmtcrf;tem;twGuf ypön;f rsm;0,f,í l ay;ydcYk ahJ Mumif; ponfh 2 ES i f h rouf E S i f ; yg 2 trI (2) ? armif z k d ; aomf ES i f h
tcsurf sm;udk xnfo h iG ;f pOf;pm;vQif rlvc½kid w
f &m;½H;k u owfrw S cf hJ armifomvdIiftrI(3) wkdYtm; ukd;um;í avQmufvJwifjyonf/
onfh avsmaf Mu;aiGonf tenf;i,frsm;jym;vGe;f onf[k aumuf,l t,lcw H &m;NyKd i\
f a&SUaeu w&m;NyKd ib
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oHk;oyfum avsmfaMu;aiG usyfodef; 70 tpm; aiGusyf odef; 50 ESifh owkdYorD;0wfpHkcsKyf&ef aiGusyf 1 odef; ay;cJh&jcif;? jyefvnf
ay;ap&ef 'Du&Dudk jyifqifcsrSwfcJhonf/ tyfESHonfhaeYuvnf; txkduftavsmufukefusrI&SdcJhjcif; ponfh
t,l c H w &m;vk d r sm;\a&S U aeu w&m;vd k tcsufrsm;udk xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;NyD; xdrf;jrm;vufxyf&ef uwdysuf
rxufxufatmif ESifh (1) w&m;NydKif armifa0vif;vQHwkdYonf avsmfaMu;aiG usyfodef; 70 tpm; aiGusyfodef; 50 udk w&m;NydKif
28-7-2011 &ufaeYwGif ESpfOD;oabmwl cdk;ajy;cJhMuNyD; vifr,m; (4) OD;rS w&m;vkd rxufxufatmifoaYkd y;ap&ef jyifqifcsrw S of nfh
tjzpf aygif ; oif ; cJ h M uaMumif ; ? 3-9-2011 &uf a eY w G i f wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmf\ 'Du&Donf Oya't&vnf;aumif;?
w&m;vdkrdciftdrfü w&m;vkdtm; jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;ESifhtnD taMumif;jcif;&mt&vnf;aumif; rSm;,Gi;f jcif;r&So d jzifh t,lcrH t I m;
w&m;NydKifbufrS jyefvnftyfESHonfh r*Fvmtcrf;tem;jyKvkyfNyD; p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfay;yg&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/
{nfhcHauR;arG;NyD;jzpfaMumif;? ykodrfNrdKUü {nfhcHyGJjyKvkyf&ef aiGusyf trIwiG f w&m;vdk rxufxufatmifEiS fh (1) w&m;NyKd if
5 odef; udpötwGuf ESpfzufrdbrsm; pum;rsm;cJhMuaMumif;? {nfhcHyGJ armifa0vif;vQw
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jyKvyk af y;rnf[k w&m;NyKd irf sm;bufrS 0efcaH jymqdck jhJ cif;r&Sad Mumif;? oabmwl aiGaqmifNrKd U&Sd &mZmatmifwnf;ckcd ef;wGif 28-8-2011
w&m;vdkESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwdkYonf w&m;0ifvifr,m;tjzpf (1) 1966 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-1021/
todtrSwfjyKNyD;jzpfaMumif;? rdbcsif; tqifrajyí vifr,m;
(2) 8 t,fvf bD tm&f? (1915-1916)? pm-347/
uGJaejcif;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;vkdbufrS ¤if;wkdYawmif;qdkonfh
(3) 3 ,l bD tm&f? (1917-1920)? pm-106/
204 201
2015 &ufaeYü vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJMh uonf/ xkaYd emuf 3-9-2011 w&m;vdEk iS hf ¤if;rdcifxH 0,f,t l yfEaHS y;cJah Mumif;? w&m;vdrk S ¤if;\ 2015
&ufaeYwiG f w&m;vdk rxufxufatmiftm; ¤if;rdbrsm;xH (1) w&m;NyKdif rdcifaetdrfwGif (1) w&m;NydKifESifh aygif;oif;cJhaMumif;? w&m;vdkrS
yg 4 yg 4
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NrKd U? trSwf (6) &yfuu G f tkycf sKyaf &;rSL;½H;k wGif w&m;vkEd iS fh (1) w&m;NyKd if (1) w&m;NydKifESifh w&m;vdk\rdcifwkdY tqifrajyjzpfum vifr,m;
wko Yd nf oufaocH (1) xdr;f jrm;r*FvmuwdopömjyKvmT udk jyKvyk cf hJ uGJcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;pGJqkd&ef taMumif;ray:aygufaMumif;?
MuNyD ; w&m;vk d rxuf x uf a tmif o nf (1)w&m;Nyd K if þtrIukd þyHpk t H wkid ;f pGqJ cdk iG rfh &Sad Mumif;? (3) (4) w&m;NyKd irf sm;onf
armifa0vif;vQHESifhtwl ¤if;ausmif;wufonfh taqmifwGif vufxyfxdrf;jrm;ay;rnf[k uwdjyKcJjhcif;r&Sdí trIonftjzpfrS
vnf;aumif;? (1) w&m;NydKif \rdcif (2) w&m;NydKifaetdrfwGif z,fxkwfoihfaMumif;? w&m;vdkonf awmif;qkdonfh avsmfaMu;aiG
vnf ; aumif ; ? w&m;vk d \ rd b aetd r f w G i f v nf ; aumif ; tm; r&xkdufaMumif; acsyonf/
vkdufygaygif;oif;aexkdifcJhaMumif;rSm tjiif;ryGm;ay:aygufonf/ rlvc½kdifw&m;½Hk;u w&m;NydKifrsm;onf w&m;vdktm;
w&m;vkdtm; rdbrsm;xH jyefvnftyfESHpOfu (1) r*Fvm{nhcf yH jJG yKvyk af y;rnf[k vlBu;D pH&k ma&SU 0efcu H wdjyK ajymMum;
w&m;NyKd iEf iS hf vufxyfay;rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf r*Fvm{nfch yH u
JG kd ykord f cJhí w&m;vdkbufrS r*Fvm{nfhcHyGJzdwfpm½kdufESdyfNyD; jzefYa0
NrdKUwGif jyKvkyfay;rnfjzpfaMumif;? w&m;NydKifrsm;bufrS 0efcHuwd cJhaMumif;? (1) w&m;NydKifbufrS vufxyf&ef ysufuGufonfhtjyif
jyKcJhaMumif; w&m;vdkrS tqkdjyKonf/ w&m;0ifaygif;oif;cJjh cif;r&Sí d w&m;vko d nf qH;k ½I;H epfemrI&cdS hJ aMumif;?
xkdokdY w&m;NydKifrsm;bufrS r*Fvm{nfhcHyGJjyKvkyfay;&ef vufxyfxdrf;jrm;&ef uwdysufuGufolonf avsmfaMu; ay;&ef
uwdjyKcJhjcif;onf y#dnmOf ajrmuf rajrmuf pdppf&efjzpfonf/ wm0ef&SdaMumif;? w&m;vdktm; rdbrsm;xH jyeftyfpOfu (1)
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onf w&m;NydKifrsm;xHrS xdrf;jrm;vufxyf&ef uwdysufuGufrI
w&m;0ifap&eftwGuf tcrf;tem;rvdak Mumif;? um,uH&iS Ef pS Of ;D \
twGuf avsmfaMu;&xdkufaMumif; oHk;oyfum aiGusyf odef; 70 udk
208 205
2015 yk o d r f c ½k d i f w &m;½H k ; ES i h f {&m0wD w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; oabmwlnDrIqEómvQif vkdtyfonfhudpöjzpfaMumif;? xdrf;jrm; 2015

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w&m;NyKd irf S w&m;0ifaygif;oif;jcif;r&Sí d w&m;vkt d m; avsmaf Mu;aiG todtrSwfjyKxm;onfh tcrf;tem;[lí r&SdaMumif;? rat;r,f
ay;&ef wm0ef&adS Mumif; ponfh taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk wpfoabm yg 2 ES i f h rMunf M unf yg 2 trI(4) wGif xHk;jyKxm;onf/
wnf; aumuf,loHk;oyfcJhaomfvnf; oufqkdif&m y#dnmOftuf jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;Oya't& Ak'b ¨ mom0iftrsKd ;om;ESihf trsKd ;orD;
Oya'yk'rf 2 yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& rnfot Ydk usKd ;oufa&mufonfukd wkYd vufxyfaygif;oif;&mwGif owfrw S x
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pGufzufjyifqif&rnfjzpfonf/ rdwo f *F[rsm;tm; zdwMf um;auR;arG;um r*Fvmtcrf;tem;jyKvyk f
odkYjzpfí {&m0wDwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfu Mujcif;omjzpfonf/ r*FvmyGJtcrf;tem;rjyKvkyfonfhtwGuf
w&m;NydKifrsm;onf xdrf;jrm;vufxyf&ef uwdysufuGufrItwGuf tMuifvifr,m;tjzpf vufxyfaygif;oif;rI ysufjy,fjcif;r&Sdacs/
w&m;vkdodkY uwdysufavsmfaMu;aiG usyfodef; 50 ay;ap&ef rxufxufatmifESifh armifa0vif;vQHwkdYonf aiGaqmifaus;&Gm
csrSwfcJhonfh 'Du&Donf rSefuefonf[k rqkdomay/ wGif ESpfOD;oabmwl vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJhMuNyD; (1)
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jyKvTmjzifh vufxyfxdrf;jrm;NyD;jzpfí w&m;0ifvifr,m;t&m
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tqifhqifh p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfvkdufonf/
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2015 y#dnmOftufOya'yk'fr 2 (Z) t& w&m;Oya't& w&m;NyKd iEf iS hf w&m;0ifvufxyfxm;ol w&m;vkd rxufxufatmif 2015
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qkdaom pum;&yfudk t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdxm;onf/ oabmwlnDcsuf ysufjy,fjcif;r&Sdonfh tajctaersdK;wGif r*FvmyGJukefusp&dwfESihf
wpf&yfü omreftm;jzifh tzdk;pm;em;&SdrSom oabmwlnDcsufudk pyfvsO;f Ny;D ESpzf ufrb d rsm; oabmxm;uGv J MJG ujcif;omjzpfaMumif;
tusKd ;oufa&mufatmif aqmif&u G Ef idk o
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oabmwlnDcsufukd twnf rjyKEkdifay/ tcrf;tem;rvkdonfhtjyif vifr,m;wnfNrJaepOfüvnf; vifu
(2) (3) (4) w&m;NydKifwkdYu w&m;vdkESifh (1) w&m;NydKif r,m;tay: odkYr[kwf r,m;u viftay: w&m;pGJqkdcGihfr&Sday&m
wkdYtm; r*FvmyGJjyKvkyfay;rnf[k uwdjyKajymqdkpOfu w&m;vdkESifh r*F v myG J j yKvk y f a y;&ef ysuf u G u f o nf h u d p ö t ay: vif j zpf o l
(2) w&m;NyKd iwf rYdk mS w&m;0iftMuifvifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;aeMu armifa0vif;vQHxHrSvnf;aumif;? rdbaqGrsdK;rsm;jzpfMuonfh
NyD;jzpfí tjyeftvSef tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdomjzpfonf/ a':vScif (c) a':pdefeuf? OD;wif0if;ESifh OD;aZmf0if;EdkifwkdYxHrS
tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfhuwdjzpfí oabmwlnDcsuftjzpf ra&muf&Sd vnf;aumif; uwdysufavsmfaMu;&&ef taMumif;r&Sday/
Ekdifay/ tjyeftvSef tzkd;pm;em;&Sdaom oabmwlnDcsufudkom atmuf½Hk;rsm;u vufcHqHk;jzwfxm;aom taMumif;
twnfjyKEkdifonf/ jcif;&mrsm;onf Oya'taMumif;t& rnfoYkd tusKd ;oufa&mufonf
,cktrIü w&m;vkdrS w&m;NydKifrsm;onf xdrf;jrm; udk tqHk;tjzwfjyK&mwGif rSm;,Gif;vQif w&m;½Hk;csKyfonf 'kwd,
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onfhtrIjzpfaomfvnf; w&m;vdkESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwkdYrSm ESpfOD; taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk qkid &f mOya'ESihf pyf[yfí tajzxkw,
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r*FvmyGJjyKvkyfay;rnfqkdaom tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdysufuGuf yg 2 trI(5) udk Munfhyg/
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(5) 1991 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-12 (15)/
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2015 y#dnmOftufOya'yk'fr 2 (Z) t& w&m;Oya't& w&m;NyKd iEf iS hf w&m;0ifvufxyfxm;ol w&m;vkd rxufxufatmif 2015
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wpf&yfü omreftm;jzifh tzdk;pm;em;&SdrSom oabmwlnDcsufudk pyfvsO;f Ny;D ESpzf ufrb d rsm; oabmxm;uGv J MJG ujcif;omjzpfaMumif;
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twnfjyKEkdifonf/ jcif;&mrsm;onf Oya'taMumif;t& rnfoYkd tusKd ;oufa&mufonf
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vufxyf&ef uwdysuu f u
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onfhtrIjzpfaomfvnf; w&m;vdkESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwkdYrSm ESpfOD; taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk qkid &f mOya'ESihf pyf[yfí tajzxkw,
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r*FvmyGJjyKvkyfay;rnfqkdaom tzkd;pm;em;r&Sdonfh uwdysufuGuf yg 2 trI(5) udk Munfhyg/
jcif;tay: avsmfaMu;awmif;qkdjcif;omjzpfonf/ odkYtwGuf (1)
(5) 1991 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-12 (15)/
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ay;&ef wm0ef&adS Mumif; ponfh taMumif;jcif;&mrsm;udk wpfoabm yg 2 ES i f h rMunf M unf yg 2 trI(4) wGif xHk;jyKxm;onf/
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Oya'yk'rf 2 yg jy|mef;csurf sm;t& rnfot Ydk usKd ;oufa&mufonfukd wkYd vufxyfaygif;oif;&mwGif owfrw S x
f m;aom tcrf;tem;[lí
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csrSwfcJhonfh 'Du&Donf rSefuefonf[k rqkdomay/ wGif ESpfOD;oabmwl vifr,m;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJhMuNyD; (1)
w&m;NydKif\ rdbaetdrfwGif aexkdifí trSwf (6) &yfuGuf?
xkaYd Mumifh þt,lcrH u
I kd p&dwEf iS w
hf uG cGijhf yKí {&m0wD
tkycf sKyaf &;rSL;½H;k wGiv
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jyKvTmjzifh vufxyfxdrf;jrm;NyD;jzpfí w&m;0ifvifr,m;t&m
rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk rxufxufatmif pGJqkdonfhtrIudk w&m;½Hk;
ajrmufcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh w&m;vkdESifh (1) w&m;NydKifwkdY\
tqifhqifh p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfvkdufonf/
vufxyfaygif;oif;rIonf jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;Oya't& vifr,m;
a&SUaep&dwf usyf 30000^- owfrSwfonf/ t&majrmufNyD; wnfNrJckdifrmonf[k rSwf,l&rnfjzpfonf/

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OD;0if;Ekdif ESifh qefu
Y sirf nfjzpfonf/ aiG&iS u f pmcsKyüf vTaJ jymif;&&So
d [
l k azmfjy azazmf0g&Dv 16 &uf
(¤if;\tcGihf&
xm;oltm; tykdif0,fay;vkdaom &nf&G,fcsuf &Sd r&Sdonf t"du jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;
ukd,fpm;vS,f
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tcsufjzpfonf/ xkd&nf&G,fcsufr&Sdygu aiG&Sifonf ykdif&Sifjzpfrnf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
ESifh jzpfonf/ OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif?
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrihf[efwkdYa&SUwGif
a':tpl&mbD (c) a':cspfwD;,m; ESifh a':zmwl;
(c) a':jrjr0if;trI(10) wGif bDemrD (c) trnfiSm;jzifh ta&mif;
t0,fjyKvkyfaomudpörsm;ü atmufygtcsufrsm;tay: rlwnfí OD ; 0if ; Ek d i f
pOf;pm;oihfaMumif; oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfxm;onf- (4if ; \tcG i h f & ud k , f p m;vS , f a':cif c sd K OD ; )
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taMumif; &Sd r&Sd?
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(2) emrnfimS ;rsm;ESihf wu,fwrf;0,f,ol w l Ydk qufpyf
aeyHkt& wu,fwrf;0,f,lolu xkdemrnfiSm; bDemrD (c) trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfqkdif&mOya'oonf The
rsm;udk a&G;cs,f&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd? Trusts Act y k ' f r 8 2 y g j y | m e f ; c s u f r s m ; E S i h f
ouf q k d i f j cif ; ? aiG & S i f o nf yk d i f & S i f j zpf o nf [ k
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w&m;aoaumuf , l & ef r oih f j cif ; ? rd b u om;orD ;
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OD;0if;Ekdif OD;0if;Ekdif
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d \
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ukd,fpm;vS,f ukd,fpm;vS,f
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ESifh
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OD;cspfarmif yg 4 tzdk;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
ES i h f p yf v sOf ; í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ES i f h
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ñTefjycJhaomfvnf; aemufpD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xkdOya'udk &nfñTef; onf tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So d \l tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf
qHk;jzwfjcif;rjyKojzihf ,cktcg qkdif&mOya'udkyif owdrjyKrd pdkufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonfr[kwfvQifqkdonfh jy|mef;csufESifh
Muawmhacs/ nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
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,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya']]The Trusts Act}} yk'fr 82 xkwfay;ol\tusdK;iSm tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vuf0,fxm;&rnf
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aiGpudk xf w k af y;olu vTaJ jymif;&&So d tl m; ,Hrk w
S t
f yfE&HS ma&mufrnf
]] Where property is transferred to one person for a
jzpfonf/
consideration paid or provided by another person, and it
appears that such other person did not intend to pay or

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transferee, the transferee must hold the property for
aiGay;acsjcif;r[kwv f Qif ypön;f udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
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OD;cspfarmif yg 4 tzdk;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
ES i h f p yf v sOf ; í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ES i f h
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Muawmhacs/ nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
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aiGpudk xf w k af y;olu vTaJ jymif;&&So d tl m; ,Hrk w
S t
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jzpfonf/
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transferee, the transferee must hold the property for
aiGay;acsjcif;r[kwv f Qif ypön;f udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;ol\
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212 209
2015 aumuf,yl gvQif ,Hrk w S t

f yfEjHS cif;tuf Oya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuf w&m;rtxl ; t,l c H r I + 2015 ckESpf
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Y sirf nfjzpfonf/ aiG&iS u f pmcsKyüf vTaJ jymif;&&So
d [
l k azmfjy azazmf0g&Dv 16 &uf
(¤if;\tcGihf&
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ukd,fpm;vS,f
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ESifh jzpfonf/ OD;omaX;? OD;pkd;ñGefY? OD;jrodrf;? OD;jrihfatmif?
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 OD;atmifaZmfodef;ESifh OD;jrihf[efwkdYa&SUwGif
a':tpl&mbD (c) a':cspfwD;,m; ESifh a':zmwl;
t0,fjyKvkyfaomudpörsm;ü atmufygtcsufrsm;tay: rlwnfí OD ; 0if ; Ek d i f
pOf;pm;oihfaMumif; oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfxm;onf- (4if ; \tcG i h f & ud k , f p m;vS , f a':cif c sd K OD ; )
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taMumif; &Sd r&Sd?
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rsm;udk a&G;cs,f&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd? Trusts Act y k ' f r 8 2 y g j y | m e f ; c s u f r s m ; E S i h f
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w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI trSwf 333 2 trI(3) udk &nfñeT ;f onf/ *&efpmcsKyw f iG rf ygaom tjcm;olwpfO;D
wGiv f nf;aumif; tqifq h ift
h ,lcw H ifoiG ;f cJah omfvnf; atmifjrif \tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&efxkwfay;jcif;[lí
rIr&&SdcJhacs/ xkdYaMumifh OD;0if;Ekdifu txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2013 r&SdaMumif; txufygjy|mef;csufrsm;udk oHk;oyfMunfhygu ay:vGif
ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf 440 wGif onf/ trnfcHtrnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,faMumif;
atmufjrefrmjynfNrdKUESihfaus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) ü
avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufygjyóemudk jyefvnfpdppf Mum;em
t&d y f t >ruf y if r awG U &ojzif h txuf y g jynf a xmif p k w &m;
Ekdif&ef txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyKcJhonf-
vTwfawmfcsKyf\ taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfcsufwkdYonf yk'fr 16 (u) yg
]]rd b u t&G , f r a&muf a o;onf h om;orD ; rsm; jy|mef;csuf rsm;ESifh rnDñw G af cs/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu
f
trnfjzifh ajruGuu f kd 0,f,í
l *&eftrnfaygufatmif w&m;rt,lcrH w I iG f uk;d um;aom pD&ifx;kH wGif *&ef odrYk [kwf ajriSm;
jyKvkyfay;cJhojzihf om;orD; (4) OD; *&eftrnfayguf pmcsKyf u d k trnf c H t rnf i S m ;tm; xk w f a y;Ed k i f a Mumif ; jyqk d
214 215
2015 xm;jcif;r&SdouJhokdY tjcm;rnfonfhxHk;om"urQvnf; r&Sday/ (c) xkduJhodkY jyKrlajymqkdcsufudk tjcm;vlu,HkMunfNyD; 2015

OD;0if;Ekdif ,HMk unfcsut f wkid ;f jyKvyk af qmif&u
G Nf y;D jzpfjcif;/ OD;0if;Ekdif
(¤if;\tcGihf& xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / ,ck t rI w G i f rd b rsm;jzpf M uonf h (¤if;\tcGihf&
ukd,fpm;vS,f OD;cspfarmifwkdYu om;orD; (4) OD;pvHk;? om;orD;tm;vHk;\ tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh taqmufttHkudk 30-8-1974 ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) tusd K ;twG u f 0,f , l j cif ; onf trnf i S m ;jzif h 0 ,f , l o nf [ k &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyft& orD;jzpfol a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh rqk d E k d i f o nf h t jyif tjcm;tarG q d k i f r sm;vnf ; rusef & S d o jzif h ESifh
rnfolYudkrQ epfem&ef taMumif;r&SdaomaMumihf rdbu om;orD; aemuf ¤if;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&eftrnfajymif;apcJhjcif;u OD;cspfarmif
tm;vH;k twGuf &nfp;l 0,f,jl cif;udk jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;pOfvmt& onf a':cifjrih&f w D t
vufcH&efroifh[k qkdEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ ,HMk unfap&ef wrifciG jfh yKcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ OD;cspaf rmif\ aqmif&u G f
a':rif;rif;OD;trI(6) wGif azmfjyonfh armifxGef;az csuft& a':cifjrihf&DwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrukd ¤if;wkdYydkifonf[k
E S i f h b D a u [ m ( v f ) ' g t r I ( 1 2 ) yg oH k ; oyf c suf r sm;onf ,HMk unfNy;D xk*d &efoufwrf;ukeq f ;kH aomtcg oufaocHtrSwf (C)
jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf; Oya'ESifh "r®owfusrf;rsm;tay: tajcrcHbJ ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk a':cifjrifh&DwkdYu avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfayonf/
t*FvefEidk if OH ya'udk ud;k um;qH;k jzwfjcif;jzpfí jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf; a':cif j rif h & D w k d Y *&ef a vQmuf x m;onf u d k OD ; cspf a rmif u
pOfvmESihf nDñGwfjcif; &Sd r&Sd oHo,jzpfzG,f&m&Sdayonf/ uefYuGufjcif;r&Sdí 1992 ckESpfwGif a':cifjrifh&DwkdYarmifESr (4) OD;
xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 wGif trnf j zif h *&ef & &S d c J h o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif u a':cif j rih f & D w k d Y
ydwfyifjcif; (Estoppel) qkdif&mjy|mef;csufudk jy|mef;xm;onf/ ajrykdifonf[k ,HkMunfaponfhtwGuf a':cifjrifh&DwkdYuvnf;
oufaocHtufOya'yk'rf 115 t& ydwyf ifraI jrmuf&ef atmufyg ajryk d i f o nf [ k ,H k M unf N yD ; ajr*&ef ? ajriS m ;pmcsKyf & &S d & ef
tcsuf (2) &yfESifh nDñGwf&efvkdonf- avQmufxm;ojzifh ajr*&ef&&SdcJhonfhtajctaewGif a':cifjrifh&D
(u) vlwpfO;D u taMumif;jcif;&mwpfcck Ek iS pfh yfvsO;f í wko
Yd nf tcsi;f jzpfajrudrk ykid [ f k OD;cspaf rmifwu
Ydk jiif;cGirfh &Sad wmhay/
f efonf[k ,HMk unfap&ef oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;u ydwfyif
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh tjyKtrl? tajymtqkdwpfckck xm;onf/
jyKjcif;? t,lcHw&m;vkdtwGuf - OD;atmifopf? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
214 215
2015 xm;jcif;r&SdouJhokdY tjcm;rnfonfhxHk;om"urQvnf; r&Sday/ (c) xkduJhodkY jyKrlajymqkdcsufudk tjcm;vlu,HkMunfNyD; 2015

OD;0if;Ekdif ,HMk unfcsut f wkid ;f jyKvyk af qmif&u
G Nf y;D jzpfjcif;/ OD;0if;Ekdif
(¤if;\tcGihf& xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / ,ck t rI w G i f rd b rsm;jzpf M uonf h (¤if;\tcGihf&
ukd,fpm;vS,f OD;cspfarmifwkdYu om;orD; (4) OD;pvHk;? om;orD;tm;vHk;\ tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh taqmufttHkudk 30-8-1974 ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) tusd K ;twG u f 0,f , l j cif ; onf trnf i S m ;jzif h 0 ,f , l o nf [ k &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyft& orD;jzpfol a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh rqk d E k d i f o nf h t jyif tjcm;tarG q d k i f r sm;vnf ; rusef & S d o jzif h ESifh
rnfolYudkrQ epfem&ef taMumif;r&SdaomaMumihf rdbu om;orD; aemuf ¤if;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&eftrnfajymif;apcJhjcif;u OD;cspfarmif
tm;vH;k twGuf &nfp;l 0,f,jl cif;udk jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;pOfvmt& onf a':cifjrih&f w D t
vufcH&efroifh[k qkdEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ ,HMk unfap&ef wrifciG jfh yKcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ OD;cspaf rmif\ aqmif&u G f
a':rif;rif;OD;trI(6) wGif azmfjyonfh armifxGef;az csuft& a':cifjrihf&DwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrukd ¤if;wkdYydkifonf[k
E S i f h b D a u [ m ( v f ) ' g t r I ( 1 2 ) yg oH k ; oyf c suf r sm;onf ,HMk unfNy;D xk*d &efoufwrf;ukeq f ;kH aomtcg oufaocHtrSwf (C)
jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf; Oya'ESifh "r®owfusrf;rsm;tay: tajcrcHbJ ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk a':cifjrifh&DwkdYu avQmufxm;jcif;jzpfayonf/
t*FvefEidk if OH ya'udk ud;k um;qH;k jzwfjcif;jzpfí jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf; a':cif j rif h & D w k d Y *&ef a vQmuf x m;onf u d k OD ; cspf a rmif u
pOfvmESihf nDñGwfjcif; &Sd r&Sd oHo,jzpfzG,f&m&Sdayonf/ uefYuGufjcif;r&Sdí 1992 ckESpfwGif a':cifjrifh&DwkdYarmifESr (4) OD;
xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 wGif trnf j zif h *&ef & &S d c J h o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif u a':cif j rih f & D w k d Y
ydwfyifjcif; (Estoppel) qkdif&mjy|mef;csufudk jy|mef;xm;onf/ ajrykdifonf[k ,HkMunfaponfhtwGuf a':cifjrifh&DwkdYuvnf;
oufaocHtufOya'yk'rf 115 t& ydwyf ifraI jrmuf&ef atmufyg ajryk d i f o nf [ k ,H k M unf N yD ; ajr*&ef ? ajriS m ;pmcsKyf & &S d & ef
tcsuf (2) &yfESifh nDñGwf&efvkdonf- avQmufxm;ojzifh ajr*&ef&&SdcJhonfhtajctaewGif a':cifjrifh&D
(u) vlwpfO;D u taMumif;jcif;&mwpfcck Ek iS pfh yfvsO;f í wko
Yd nf tcsi;f jzpfajrudrk ykid [ f k OD;cspaf rmifwu
Ydk jiif;cGirfh &Sad wmhay/
f efonf[k ,HMk unfap&ef oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;u ydwfyif
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh tjyKtrl? tajymtqkdwpfckck xm;onf/
jyKjcif;? t,lcHw&m;vkdtwGuf - OD;atmifopf? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
216 213
2015 t,lcwH &m;NyKd i(f 1)twGuf - OD;tH;k armif? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae ,Hrk wS tf yfEjHS cif;qkid &f mOya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuEf iS hf 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif nDñGwf&eftwGuf bDemrD (c) trnfiSm;jzifh ta&mif;t0,f OD;0if;Ekdif
t,lcw
H &m;NyKd i(f 2)(3)(4) - a':auoDt;kH ?w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
twGuf jyKvyk af omudprö sm;ü txufazmfjyyg pOf;pm;&rnfh tcsuf (5) csuf
a':cifcsdKOD;)
tjyif atmufygtcsufudkyg xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfjzpfonf- a':cifcsdKOD;)
&ef u k e f t aemuf y k d i f ; c½k d i f w &m;½H k ; ? 2011 ck E S p f ?
ESifh ]] (6) aiGay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol[k azmfjyxm;ol\ ESifh
w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 1123 wGif w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifESihf a':wifjr
wku Yd OD;0if;Ekid f yg 4 OD;wktYd ay: &efuek Nf rKd U? NrKd Urtaemufwu dk ef ,f? tusdK;iSm aiGay;acs&ef &nf&G,fcJhjcif; &Sd r&Sd/}}
ajrwkdif;&yfuGuf trSwf (22 x2)? ajruGuftrSwf (258)? ay 50 _ xyf r H q H k ; jzwf c suf / / atmufjrefrmjynf NrdKUESifhaus;&Gmajrrsm;
25 ay &Sd ajrESifh ,if;ajray:&Sd tdrfOypmwkdY\ ykdif&SifjzpfaMumif; tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csufrsm;t& *&efay;jcif;?
>ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrI pGJqkd&m pGJqkdonfhtwkdif; 'Du&DcsrSwf ajriSm;pmcsKyf csKyfqdkay;jcif;[lonf qkdif&majr (*&efay;aomajr?
cJhonf/ ,if;'Du&Dudk w&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) OD;0if;Ekdifu rauseyf iSm;&rf;aomajr) wGif *&ef&ol odrYk [kwf ajriSm;tm; tusKd ;cHpm;cGifh
ojzihf &efuek w f idk ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfoYkd 2012 ckEpS ?f w&m;r &&Sdaponf/ okdYjzpfí xkdajrudk tarGqufcHcGihf&Sdonf/ *&ef&olu
yxrt,l c H r I t rS w f 200 wG i f v nf ; aumif ; ? jynf a xmif p k vTJajymif;cGihfvnf;&Sdonf/ a':odef;arESifh rkd[mruftDqGwf yg
w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI trSwf 333 2 trI(3) udk &nfñeT ;f onf/ *&efpmcsKyw f iG rf ygaom tjcm;olwpfO;D
wGiv f nf;aumif; tqifq h ift
h ,lcw H ifoiG ;f cJah omfvnf; atmifjrif \tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&efxkwfay;jcif;[lí
rIr&&SdcJhacs/ xkdYaMumifh OD;0if;Ekdifu txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyK&ef 2013 r&SdaMumif; txufygjy|mef;csufrsm;udk oHk;oyfMunfhygu ay:vGif
ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufvTm (txl;) trSwf 440 wGif onf/ trnfcHtrnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,faMumif;
atmufjrefrmjynfNrdKUESihfaus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) ü
avQmufxm;aomtcg atmufygjyóemudk jyefvnfpdppf Mum;em
t&d y f t >ruf y if r awG U &ojzif h txuf y g jynf a xmif p k w &m;
Ekdif&ef txl;t,lcH0ifcGifhjyKcJhonf-
vTwfawmfcsKyf\ taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfcsufwkdYonf yk'fr 16 (u) yg
]]rd b u t&G , f r a&muf a o;onf h om;orD ; rsm; jy|mef;csuf rsm;ESifh rnDñw G af cs/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu
f
trnfjzifh ajruGuu f kd 0,f,í
l *&eftrnfaygufatmif w&m;rt,lcrH w I iG f uk;d um;aom pD&ifx;kH wGif *&ef odrYk [kwf ajriSm;
jyKvkyfay;cJhojzihf om;orD; (4) OD; *&eftrnfayguf pmcsKyf u d k trnf c H t rnf i S m ;tm; xk w f a y;Ed k i f a Mumif ; jyqk d
220 217
2015 0,fpOfu om;orD;rsm;trnfxm;í 0,fcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? pmcsKyf vsuf&Sdonfh tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk rdbrsm;u ¤if;wkdY 2015
pmwrf;ESihf tdraf jrwkrYd mS rdrw
d v
Ydk uf0,f&adS Mumif; ay:aygufouJo h Ydk ykdifqkdifaMumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkdrIpGJqkdcJh&m
ukd,fpm;vS,f
oufaorsm;uvnf; axmufcx H u G qf xkd m;aMumif;? odjYk zpfí om;orD; &efukeftaemufydkif;c½kdifw&m;½Hk;u w&m;vdkrsm; pGJqkd ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) rsm;\ trnfc?H trnfimS ;jzifh 0,f,o l nfrmS xif&mS ;aMumif;? ajriSm; onft h wkid ;f >ruf[aMunmonfh 'Du&D csrw S af y;cJNh y;D a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh *&efwGif om;orD; (4) OD; trnfayguf½Hkjzifh ¤if;wkdYydkiftjzpfodkY &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfESifh jynfaxmifpk ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ajymif;vJroGm;Ekid af Mumif;? ,if;rloabmudk OD;odef;Ekdif (c) OD;bdkeD w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyw f u
Ydk ,if;'Du&Dukd twnfjyKcjhJ cif; OD;cspfarmif yg 4
ESihf a':at;at;trI(4)? OD;tefu Y l (c) OD;atmifatmif ESihf OD;wif0if; onf rSefuefjcif; &Sd r&Sd/}}
yg 10 trI(5) wkdYwGif awGUEkdifaMumif;? rdbrsm; ouf&Sdxif&Sm; t,lcHw&m;vdk\a&SUaeu oufaocHtrSwf (C)
&Sdaeao;ojzifh tcsif;jzpf ajrESifh tdrfrSm om;orD;rsm;twGuf ajriSm;*&efpmcsKyfudk atmufjrefrmjynf? NrdKUESifh aus;&Gmajrrsm;
tarGyykH pön;f r[kwaf o; aMumif;? a':rif;rif;OD; ESifh OD;0if;jrifh yg tufOya' yk'fr 16 (u) t& xkwfay;jcif;jzpfí *&ef&&Sdol
5 trI(6) t& rdbu om;orD;twGuf &nfp;l 0,f,jl cif;onf jrefrm uG,v f eG o
f l a':cifjrif&h D tygt0if armifErS (4) OD;onf tcsi;f jzpf
"avhxHk;wrf;tpOftvmESifh nDñGwfjcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf vufcH ajrwGif *&efpmcsKyt f & tusKd ;cHpm;cGi&fh ydS gvsuf rlv½H;k w&m;vdrk sm;
usifhoHk;&efroifh[k xHk;jyKcJhaMumif;? trnfiSm;pmcsKyfukd tajccHí ykdifajr[k qHk;jzwfjcif;onf tqkdyg Oya'yk'fr 41 ESifh qefYusif
*&ef trnfayguforl sm;onf trnfimS ;rsm;omjzpfaMumif;? xdaYk Mumihf aMumif;? a':Muif,Hk (c) a':ESif;atmif yg 2 ESihf a':pdefwif
rdbrsm;uom ydkif&SiftppftrSefjzpfaMumif; >ruf['Du&DcsrSwf yg 2 trI(1) t& w&m;½Hk;onf ajriSm;*&efpmcsKyft& cHpm;cGihf
ay;cJhjcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;rIr&SdaomaMumifh þtxl;t,lcHrIudk yvyf jyKxm;oludk ajrrykdif? tjcm;olrsm;ydkifonf[k pD&ifqHk;jzwfcGihf
oifhaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/ r&SdaMumif;? tqkdygOya'yk'fr 41 u twdtvif; ydwfyifxm;
t,lcHw&m;NydKiftrSwf (2) rS (4) wkdY\ a&SUaeu aMumif;? *&ef&ol odkYr[kwf tpkd;&\ ajriSm;tcGifhta&;udk
tcsif;jzpfajrESifh tdrfwkdYrSm rdbrsm;ydkifaom ajrESifhtdrfjzpfaMumif;? ajrykdif&SifEdkifiHawmfuyif ,if;Oya'yk'fr 7 (u) t& twdtvif;
(4) 1992 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-159/ todtrSwfjyKxm;&m *&ef&xm;olu ajrrykdifbJ *&efr&aom
(5) 1999 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-224/ t,lcHw&m;NydKifwkdYu ajrykdifonf[k qHk;jzwf&ef tcGihftmPm
218 219
2015 r&SdaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf (u) pmcsKyf csKyfqdk0,f,lNyD;aemuf awmif;qkad om >ruf['Du&Dukd jiif;y,fjcif; onf omvQif ,if;yk'rf 2015
a':cifjrifh&D yg 4 OD;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&efavQmufxm;apcJhjcif;? 42 t& tyfESif;xm;aom qifjcifwHkw&m; (discretion) udk
*&efoufwrf;ukefqHk;aomtcg oufaocHtrSwf (C) ajriSm; enf ; vrf ; wus oH k ; pG J & ma&muf a Mumif ; ? a':od e f ; ar ES i f h ukd,fpm;vS,f
ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) *&ef u d k v nf ; a':cif j rif h & D w k d Y t m; avQmuf x m;apjcif ; wk d Y u d k rk d [ mruf t D q G w f yg 2 trI (3) udk udk;um;vsuf atmuf a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh OD;cspaf rmifu ud, k pf m;vS,v f pJT m &,laqmif&u G af y;jcif;u ¤if;wkYd jrefrmjynf? NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) jy|mef; ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ajryk d i f a Mumif ; ¤if ; wk d Y , H k M unf & ef cG i f h j yKjcif ; jzpf a omaMumif h csut f & *&efay;jcif;? ajriSm;pmcsKyf csKyaf y;jcif;onf qkid &f majrwGif OD;cspfarmif yg 4
tcsif;jzpfajrudk a':cifjrifh&DwkdYrykdif[k OD;cspfarmifwkdYu jiif;qdkcGihf *&ef&ol odkYr[kwf ajriSm;tm; tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdapjcif;jzpfí

r&SdawmhaMumif;? oufaocHtufOya' yk'fr 115 t& ydwfyif xkad jrudk tarGqufccH iG ?hf vTaJ jymif;cGi&hf adS Mumif;? w&m;½H;k tqifq
h ifu
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(vf)? au? umpDcspf wD;,m; (c) OD;umpDtrI(2) wGif oD;jcm; onfhudpöwGif trnfcH? trnfiSm;ESifh oufqkdifjcif; &Sd r&Sd qifjcif
oufomcGifhtufOya' yk'fr 42 t& oufomcGihfrSm Equity oHk;oyf&ef ysufuGufcJhaMumif;? þt,lcHudk wpfpdwfwpfa'o
½H k ; rsm;uay;aom ouf o mcG i h f r sd K ;jzpf í xk d o uf o mcG i h f u d k cGihfjyKNyD; tcsif;jzpfajrESifhpyfvsOf;í OD;cspfarmifwkdY pGJqdkrIudk yvyf
awmif;qkdonfh trIonf w&m;vdkonf tjypfuif;pif&rnf? oihfaMumif;jzifh avQmufvJwifjyonf/
,if;yk'rf 42 t& w&m;½H;k \ oabmtwkid ;f omvQif ,ckpq JG adk om t,lcHw&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) a&SUaeu t,lcHw&m;NydKif
oufomcGihfrsdK;udkay;rnf[k jyqkdxm;aMumif;? rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk OD;cspaf rmif\ xGuq f cdk sut
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wkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrudk orD; a':cifjrifh&D *&ef&&Sdonftxd 0,f,lcJhaMumif;? xkdtcsdefu pmcsKyfü 0,fol[k azmfjyxm;onfh
ydkif&Sifjzpfatmif aqmif&GufcJhaMumif;? a':cifjrifh&D uG,fvGefonf om;orD; (4) OD;vH;k onf ausmif;om;rsm;jzpfMuNy;D 0ifaiGr&Sad Mumif;?
txd ESpfaygif; (36) ESpfausmf a':cifjrifh&D trnfaygufykdif&Sif tBuD;qHk;orD;wpfOD;om t&G,fa&mufNyD; usef (3) OD;rSm t&G,f
jzpfjcif;udk MunfjzLvufcHcJhNyD;umrS orD; uG,fvGefaomtcg ra&mufao;í tkyfxdef;oltjzpf rdrdu vufrSwfa&;xkd;cJhaMumif;?
orufjzpfol t,lcHw&m;vdktm; r,m;\tarG &cGifhr&Sdap&ef 1978 ckESpfwGif rlvtdrfudkzsufí (3) xyfwkdufudk rdrdwkdYaiGjzifh
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218 219
2015 r&SdaMumif;? oufaocHtrSwf (u) pmcsKyf csKyfqdk0,f,lNyD;aemuf awmif;qkad om >ruf['Du&Dukd jiif;y,fjcif; onf omvQif ,if;yk'rf 2015
a':cifjrifh&D yg 4 OD;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&efavQmufxm;apcJhjcif;? 42 t& tyfESif;xm;aom qifjcifwHkw&m; (discretion) udk
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ESifh OD;cspaf rmifu ud, k pf m;vS,v f pJT m &,laqmif&u G af y;jcif;u ¤if;wkYd jrefrmjynf? NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) jy|mef; ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ajryk d i f a Mumif ; ¤if ; wk d Y , H k M unf & ef cG i f h j yKjcif ; jzpf a omaMumif h csut f & *&efay;jcif;? ajriSm;pmcsKyf csKyaf y;jcif;onf qkid &f majrwGif OD;cspfarmif yg 4
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ydkif&Sifjzpfatmif aqmif&GufcJhaMumif;? a':cifjrifh&D uG,fvGefonf om;orD; (4) OD;vH;k onf ausmif;om;rsm;jzpfMuNy;D 0ifaiGr&Sad Mumif;?
txd ESpfaygif; (36) ESpfausmf a':cifjrifh&D trnfaygufykdif&Sif tBuD;qHk;orD;wpfOD;om t&G,fa&mufNyD; usef (3) OD;rSm t&G,f
jzpfjcif;udk MunfjzLvufcHcJhNyD;umrS orD; uG,fvGefaomtcg ra&mufao;í tkyfxdef;oltjzpf rdrdu vufrSwfa&;xkd;cJhaMumif;?
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220 217
2015 0,fpOfu om;orD;rsm;trnfxm;í 0,fcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? pmcsKyf vsuf&Sdonfh tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk rdbrsm;u ¤if;wkdY 2015
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a':cifcsdKOD;) rsm;\ trnfc?H trnfimS ;jzifh 0,f,o l nfrmS xif&mS ;aMumif;? ajriSm; onft h wkid ;f >ruf[aMunmonfh 'Du&D csrw S af y;cJNh y;D a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh *&efwGif om;orD; (4) OD; trnfayguf½Hkjzifh ¤if;wkdYydkiftjzpfodkY &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfESifh jynfaxmifpk ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ajymif;vJroGm;Ekid af Mumif;? ,if;rloabmudk OD;odef;Ekdif (c) OD;bdkeD w&m;vTwaf wmfcsKyw f u
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yg 10 trI(5) wkdYwGif awGUEkdifaMumif;? rdbrsm; ouf&Sdxif&Sm; t,lcHw&m;vdk\a&SUaeu oufaocHtrSwf (C)
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tarGyykH pön;f r[kwaf o; aMumif;? a':rif;rif;OD; ESifh OD;0if;jrifh yg tufOya' yk'fr 16 (u) t& xkwfay;jcif;jzpfí *&ef&&Sdol
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224 221
2015 *&eftrnf ajymif;cJhonf/ aemuf 18 ESpftMumwGif txufyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) pmcsKyrf mS trnfc?H trnfimS ;jzifh csKyq f jdk cif; 2015
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222 223
2015 rSm 16 ESp?f rcifjrifh&DrSm 14 ESpf? armif0if;atmifrSm 13 ESpf t&G,f &S d a Mumif ;? w&m;vd k r sm;onf w&m;0if y kd if & S if tppf trS ef rsm; 2015
jzpfí 0ifaiGr&SdaMumif;? om;orD;rsm;udk cspfjrwfEkd;í ¤if;wkdY r[kwfaMumif;jzifh acsyonf/
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OD;cspfarmif yg 4 &efukefNrdKU? NrdKUrtaemufwkdufe,f? ajrwkdif;&yfuGuf OD;cspfarmif yg 4
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armifjrifoh ed ;f ? rcifjrif&h ED iS fh armif0if;atmifwu
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2015 rSm 16 ESp?f rcifjrifh&DrSm 14 ESpf? armif0if;atmifrSm 13 ESpf t&G,f &S d a Mumif ;? w&m;vd k r sm;onf w&m;0if y kd if & S if tppf trS ef rsm; 2015
jzpfí 0ifaiGr&SdaMumif;? om;orD;rsm;udk cspfjrwfEkd;í ¤if;wkdY r[kwfaMumif;jzifh acsyonf/
ukd,fpm;vS,f
trnfjzifh 0,f,lcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? 0,f,lcJhonfh 1974 ckESpfrS w&m;NydKiftrSwf (2) (3) (4) wkdYu ajzmifhvTmwifoGif; ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) ,aeYxd w&m;vdkrsm;vuf0,fü xkdajrESifhtdrfrSm pOfqufrjywf Muonf/ a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh &SdcJhaMumif;? rcifjrifh&Dudk 1995 ckESpfwGif OD;0if;EkdifESihf tdrfaxmif ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 &efukefNrdKU? NrdKUrtaemufwkdufe,f? ajrwkdif;&yfuGuf OD;cspfarmif yg 4
csay;NyD; w&m;vdkrsm;ESihf twlaexkdifcJhaMumif;? 2009 ckESpfwGif
trSwf (22 x2)? ajruGuftrSwf (258)? ay 50 _ 25 ay &Sd ajrESihf
vrf;rawmfNrKd Ue,foYkd ajymif;a&TUaexkid cf MhJ uaMumif;? rcifjrif&h o
D nf
,if;ajray:&Sd &efukefNrdKU? urf;em;vrf;? trSwf (582) [k ac:wGif
15-4-2010 aeYwGif uG,fvGefcJhaMumif;? ykdif&Sifjzpfol w&m;vkdrsm;
aom taqmuf t H k u d k 0,f , l c J h a om 30-8-1974 &uf p G J y g
trnfodkY jyefvnfvTJajymif;ay;&ef w&m;NydKiftrSwf (2) (3) (4)
oufaocHtrSwf (u) ta&mif;t0,frSwfyHkwifpmcsKyfwGif 0,f,l
wkdYu oabmwlaomfvnf; w&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) u jiif;qkdojzifh
olrsm;tjzpf w&m;vdkrsm;\ om;orD; (4) OD; jzpfaom rEkEk&D?
tcsif;jzpfajrESihf tdrfwkdY\ ydkif&SifjzpfaMumif; >ruf[rIudk pGJqkdjcif;
armifjrifoh ed ;f ? rcifjrif&h ED iS fh armif0if;atmifwu
Ydk vufrwS af &;xk;d
jzpfaMumif;jzifh tqkdjyKonf/
xm;Muonf/ armifjrifhodef;onf 16 ESpf? rcifjrifh&Donf 14 ESpf?
w&m;NyKd it f rSwf (1) u tcsi;f jzpfajrESit fh rd u
f kd w&m;vdk armif0if;atmifonf 13 ESpf jzpfí t&G,fra&mufao;olrsm;
rsm;u 0,f,yl ikd q
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(4) OD;\ trnfjzifh 0,f,cl jhJ cif;jzpfaMumif;? tqkyd g ajrESit hf rd w
f u
Ykd kd OD;cspfarmifu vufrSwfa&;xkd;aMumif; azmfjyvsuf vufrSwf
om;orD; (4) OD;tm; tNyD;tjywf 0,f,lay;cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? a&;xkd;csKyfqdkxm;onf/
trnfimS ;jzifh 0,f,cl jhJ cif;r[kwaf Mumif;? ESpf (60) *&efwiG f om;orD;
tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh xkdpOfu ajray:wGif&Sdaom
(4) OD;wkdY\trnfrsm; w&m;0ifaygufvsuf&SdaMumif;? w&m;NydKif
taqmufttHu k kd 30-8-1974 &ufpyJG g oufaocH (u) rSwyf w kH if
trSwf (1) ESihf ZeD;wkdYtm; w&m;vdkrsm;u raeapvkdojzihf
pmcsKyt
f & trSwf (1) t,lcw H &m;NyKd if OD;cspaf rmifEiS Zfh eD; a':wifjr
tvHkNrdKUe,f&Sd oli,fcsif;\tdrfodkY ajymif;cJh&jcif;jzpfaMumif;?
wdkYu t,lcH w&m;vdk OD;0if;Ekdif\ZeD; a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if
ZeD;jzpfolonf tcsif;jzpftdrfajrwGif 4 yHk 1 yHk ykdifqkdiftusdK;cHpm;
om;orD; (4) OD; trnfrsm;jzifh 0,f,cl NhJ y;D aemuf ¤if;wkt Yd rnfjzifyh if
cGifh&Sdí ZeD;uG,fvGefoGm;ojzihf w&m;NydKiftrSwf (1) u cHpm;cGifh
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*&efoufwrf; ukeq f ;kH aomtcg 1992 ckEpS w f iG f oufaocHtrSwf jzpfaMumif;udk t,lcHw&m;NydKiftrSwf (2) rS (4) wkdYu rdrdwkdY\
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(C) *&ef pmcsKyu f kd a':cifjrif&h t
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f wifjyaeojzifh vufco H ihaf Mumif;? rdbrsm;u
ukd,fpm;vS,f
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ESifh tcsurf sm;jzpfonf/ uwnf;u tcsif;jzpfajrESifhtdrfwkdYudk rdbrsm;oabmus pDpOf ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 aqmif&GufEkdif&eftwGuf taxGaxGudk,fpm;vS,fvTJpm vTJtyf OD;cspfarmif yg 4
28-10-1992 &ufpyJG g oufaocHtrSwf (C) ESpf (60)
ajriSm;*&efpmcsKyfwGif w&m;vdkrsm;\ om;orD; (4) OD; jzpfol ay;xm;NyD;jzpfaMumif;? ajriSm;*&efonf trnfcH? trnfiSm;jzifh
OD;atmifjrifhodef;? a':EkEk&D? a':cifjrifh&DESifh OD;0if;atmifwkdY\ csKyq
f ckd o
hJ nfh oufaocHtrSwf (u) pmcsKyu f kd tajccHí &,lcjhJ cif;
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wGif tusdK;cHpm;cGihfr&SdaMumif;? a':rif ; rif ; OD ; ES i h f OD ; 0if ; jrif h
OD; pH0if; xdef OD; uHpdef
OD; pH0if; xdef ESifh OD; wifvdIifxG ef; yg 2 trI(7) wGif *&efcsxm;jcif; yg 5 trI(6) t& rdbu om;orD;twGuf &nfpl;0,f,ljcif;onf
ESihf pyfvsOf;onfh vkyfykdifcGifhudk Oya't& jy|mef;xm;&Sdonf/ jref r m "avh x H k ; wrf ; pOf v mES i f h nD ñ G w f j cif ; r&S d o nf h t wG u f
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ajrrsm;tufOya'ESifhoufqkdifNyD; txufjrefrmjynf&Sd ajrrsm;rSm >ruf [ 'D u &D csrS w f a y;cJ h o nf h 'D u &D u d k jynf a xmif p k w &m;
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xdkif&eftwGufjzpfap? pufrIvufrIvkyfief;rsm;twGufjzpfap? rlv½Hk;w&m;vdkrsm;onf w&m;NydKiftrSwf (2) (3) (4)
taqmufttHak qmufvyk t f oH;k jyK&eftwGujf zpfap tiSm;*&efEiS fh jzpfol a':EkEk&D? OD;jrifhodef; (c) atmifjrifhodef;? OD;0if;atmifESifh
vkid pf ifrsm; csxm;ay;onf/ NrKd Uajrtjzpf trdeaYf Mumfjimpm xkwjf yef w&m;NyKd it
f rSwf (1) OD;0if;Ekid \ f ZeD; uG,v f eG o f l a':cifjrif&h w
D \Ydk
Ny;D aom NrKd Ursm;wGif vlaexkid &f efEiS fh pufrv
I ufrv
I yk if ef;rsm; vkyu
f ikd f rdbrsm;jzpfMuonf/ tcsif;jzpfajrESifhtdrfudk w&m;vdkrsm;\aiGjzifh
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(7) 1999 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-113/ jzifh 0,f,yl ikd q
f idk cf ahJ Mumif;? 0,f,pl Ofu rEkE&k rD mS 19 ESp?f armifjrifo
h ed ;f
228 225
2015 aemufpD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xkdOya'udk &nfñTef;qHk;jzwfjcif;rjyKojzihf aemufxyf tESpf (30) pDjzifh pkpk ak ygif; tESpf (90) txd vJv, S cf iG fh 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif OD;0if;Edkif
,cktcg qkdif&mOya'udkyif owdrjyKrdMuawmhacs/ &Sdonfh ajriSm;pmcsKyfukd *&ef[kac:qkdonf[k xHk;jyKxm;onf/
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ukd,fpm;vS,f ,Hrk w
S t
f yfEjHS cif;tufOya' ]]The Trusts Act}} yk'rf 82 þtrIwGif *&eftrnfayguf&&Sdxm;ol w&m;vkdrsm;\ om;orD; udk,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) ü atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;onf- (4) OD;onf tpd;k &xHrS ajriSm;tcGit fh a&;t& vlaexkid &f ef? vkyif ef; a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh rsm;vkyfukdif&ef ponfjzihf ajrudk pDrHcefYcGJtoHk;jyKykdifcGihf &&SdoGm;NyD ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ]]Where property is transferred to one person for a OD;cspfarmif yg 4
jzpfonf/
consideration paid or provided by another per-
son, and it appears that such other person did not
atmufjrefrmjynf? NrKd UESiahf us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
intend to pay or provide such consideration for the
16 (u) wGif atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf-
benefit of the transferee, the transferee must hold the ]]S.16. Land at the dispoal of Government may be dis-
property for the benefit of the person paying or pro- posed of-
viding the consideration.}}
(a) by grant or lease, conferring such interests therein
(ypönf;udk tjcm;olwpfOD;uay;acsaom odkYr[kwf and on such conditions as the President of the
pd k u f x k w f a y;aom tzd k ; pm;em;twG u f wpf O D ; Union may by rule prescribe;}}
wpfa,mufaomoltm; vTJajymif;onfhudpöü ,if;
tqkyd g yk'rf 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csut f &qkv d Qif rlv½H;k
tjcm;olonf tzkd;pm;em;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdol\
w&m;vkrd sm;\ om;orD; (4) OD;tm; oufaocHtrSwf (C) ajriSm;
tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf pku d x
f wk af y;&ef &nf&,
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udk tzkd;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ t,lcH w&m;vdk\ZeD; a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if *&eftrnfaygufol
tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;&rnf/) armifErS (4) OD;wku Yd tusKd ;cHpm;cGit
fh &yf&yfukd &&So
d mG ;NyjD zpfonf/
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onf tzd;k pm;em;ukd vTaJ jymif;&&So
d \
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226 227
2015 twdtvif; todtrSwfjyKxm;onf/ tjzpf &&Scd MhJ uaom rcGaJ 0&ao;onfh ESpOf ;D ydik v
f ufxufymG ;ypön;f 2015
tqkdyg tufOya'yk'fr 41 wGif atmufygtwkdif; wGif vifr,m;uGm&Sif;vkdufNyD;aemuf wpfOD;OD;trnfjzifh *&ef
ukd,fpm;vS,f jy|mef; xm;aMumif; awGU&onf- trnfaygufvmonfq½dk rkH Qjzifh rlv ]]vufxufymG ;}} ypön;f \ tae ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) txm;rS *&eftrnfaygufolwpfOD;wnf;ykdif ypönf;jzpfrvmEdkif? a':cifcsdKOD;)
]]S.41. No civil Court shall have jurisdiction to deter-
ESifh rcGaJ 0&ao;aom vufxufymG ;ESpOf ;D ydik f *&efajrtjzpfom wnfae ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 mine any matter which under this Act, is to be OD;cspfarmif yg 4
aMumif; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpf&m ,cktrIESihf jzpf&yfcsif;rwlay/
determined by the Revenue Officer.}}
tvm;wlpGmyif OD;tefYul (c) OD;atmifatmif ESifh
t,lcHw&m;vkd\ZeD;tygt0if w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmif OD;wif0if; yg 10 trI(5) wGif ajruGuEf pS u f u
G Ef iS hf taqmufttHk
wkdY\ om;orD; (4) OD;onf oufaocH trSwf (C) ajriSm; *&ef
wkdYrSm rlvu a':pef;Ek\ rdbrsm;usef&pfcJhaom tarGqkdifypönf;
pmcsKyft& tcsif;jzpfajrwGif tpkd;&xHrS tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdae&m
jzpf&m aemufydkif;wGif a':pef;Ektrnfjzihf *&efaygufaeonfhwkdif
tcsi;f jzpfajrudk ¤if;wkEYd iS rfh oufqidk ?f *&efr&aom? tpk;d &\ ajriSm;
atmif tarGqkdifajruGufrsm;tjzpfrS a':pef;EkwpfOD;wnf;ydkifajr
r[kwaf om w&m;vdk OD;cspaf rmifwyYdk idk o f nf[k w&m;½H;k u pD&ifciG fh
tjzpfoYkd ajymif;vJomG ;rnfr[kw[f k qH;k jzwfcahJ Mumif; wifjyonf/
&Srd nfr[kwaf cs/ tqkyd g yk'rf 41 yg jy|mef;csuu f ydwyf ifxm;aom
þtrIrSm *&efajrudk tarGqufcHonfhudpötm; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfí
aMumifhjzpfonf/
,cktrIESifh roufqkdifay/ ,cktrIwGif w&m;vkd OD;cspfarmifwkdY
trSwf (1) t,lcw H &m;NyKd i\
f a&SUaeu ajriSm;*&efwiG f trnfjzifh wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ *&eftrnfaygufcJhjcif;r&Sday/
om;orD;rsm;trnfaygufonf qkd½HkrQjzifh rdbrsm;u ¤if;wkdYydkif
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfESifh atmuf½Hk;rsm;u
aiGaMu;rsm;jzifh tcsif;jzpfajrudk 0,f,lNyD; tdrfaqmufvkyfaexkdif
qH;k jzwfco
hJ nfh bDemrD (c) trnfct
H rnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'oESifh
cJo
h nfh taetxm;rS *&eftrnfaygufoyl idk t f jzpf ajymif;vJroGm;
pyfvsOf;í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ES i f h FREDERICK
EkdifaMumif; OD;odef;Ekdif (c) OD;bkdeD ESifh a':at;at; trI(4)
JAMES RUPERT KERWICK trI(8) wGif ]]The Trusts Act}} yk'r f
udk udk;um;í avQmufxm;wifjyonf/
82 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf oufqkdifaMumif; ñTefjycJhaomfvnf;
xkt
d rIrmS vifr,m;tjzpfaygif;oif;pOf ESpOf ;D ydik yf pön;f
(8) atmufjrefrmjynfpD&ifxHk;rsm;? twGJ 9? pm-212/
226 227
2015 twdtvif; todtrSwfjyKxm;onf/ tjzpf &&Scd MhJ uaom rcGaJ 0&ao;onfh ESpOf ;D ydik v
f ufxufymG ;ypön;f 2015
tqkdyg tufOya'yk'fr 41 wGif atmufygtwkdif; wGif vifr,m;uGm&Sif;vkdufNyD;aemuf wpfOD;OD;trnfjzifh *&ef
ukd,fpm;vS,f jy|mef; xm;aMumif; awGU&onf- trnfaygufvmonfq½dk rkH Qjzifh rlv ]]vufxufymG ;}} ypön;f \ tae ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) txm;rS *&eftrnfaygufolwpfOD;wnf;ykdif ypönf;jzpfrvmEdkif? a':cifcsdKOD;)
]]S.41. No civil Court shall have jurisdiction to deter-
ESifh rcGaJ 0&ao;aom vufxufymG ;ESpOf ;D ydik f *&efajrtjzpfom wnfae ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 mine any matter which under this Act, is to be OD;cspfarmif yg 4
aMumif; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpf&m ,cktrIESihf jzpf&yfcsif;rwlay/
determined by the Revenue Officer.}}
tvm;wlpGmyif OD;tefYul (c) OD;atmifatmif ESifh
t,lcHw&m;vkd\ZeD;tygt0if w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmif OD;wif0if; yg 10 trI(5) wGif ajruGuEf pS u f u
G Ef iS hf taqmufttHk
wkdY\ om;orD; (4) OD;onf oufaocH trSwf (C) ajriSm; *&ef
wkdYrSm rlvu a':pef;Ek\ rdbrsm;usef&pfcJhaom tarGqkdifypönf;
pmcsKyft& tcsif;jzpfajrwGif tpkd;&xHrS tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdae&m
jzpf&m aemufydkif;wGif a':pef;Ektrnfjzihf *&efaygufaeonfhwkdif
tcsi;f jzpfajrudk ¤if;wkEYd iS rfh oufqidk ?f *&efr&aom? tpk;d &\ ajriSm;
atmif tarGqkdifajruGufrsm;tjzpfrS a':pef;EkwpfOD;wnf;ydkifajr
r[kwaf om w&m;vdk OD;cspaf rmifwyYdk idk o f nf[k w&m;½H;k u pD&ifciG fh
tjzpfoYkd ajymif;vJomG ;rnfr[kw[f k qH;k jzwfcahJ Mumif; wifjyonf/
&Srd nfr[kwaf cs/ tqkyd g yk'rf 41 yg jy|mef;csuu f ydwyf ifxm;aom
þtrIrSm *&efajrudk tarGqufcHonfhudpötm; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfí
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,cktrIESifh roufqkdifay/ ,cktrIwGif w&m;vkd OD;cspfarmifwkdY
f a&SUaeu ajriSm;*&efwiG f trnfjzifh wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ *&eftrnfaygufcJhjcif;r&Sday/
om;orD;rsm;trnfaygufonf qkd½HkrQjzifh rdbrsm;u ¤if;wkdYydkif
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfESifh atmuf½Hk;rsm;u
aiGaMu;rsm;jzifh tcsif;jzpfajrudk 0,f,lNyD; tdrfaqmufvkyfaexkdif
qH;k jzwfco
hJ nfh bDemrD (c) trnfct
H rnfimS ;pepfqidk &f mOya'oESifh
cJo
h nfh taetxm;rS *&eftrnfaygufoyl idk t f jzpf ajymif;vJroGm;
pyfvsOf;í KATHLEEN MAUD KERWICK ES i f h FREDERICK
EkdifaMumif; OD;odef;Ekdif (c) OD;bkdeD ESifh a':at;at; trI(4)
JAMES RUPERT KERWICK trI(8) wGif ]]The Trusts Act}} yk'r f
udk udk;um;í avQmufxm;wifjyonf/
82 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf oufqkdifaMumif; ñTefjycJhaomfvnf;
xkt
d rIrmS vifr,m;tjzpfaygif;oif;pOf ESpOf ;D ydik yf pön;f
(8) atmufjrefrmjynfpD&ifxHk;rsm;? twGJ 9? pm-212/
228 225
2015 aemufpD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xkdOya'udk &nfñTef;qHk;jzwfjcif;rjyKojzihf aemufxyf tESpf (30) pDjzifh pkpk ak ygif; tESpf (90) txd vJv, S cf iG fh 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif OD;0if;Edkif
,cktcg qkdif&mOya'udkyif owdrjyKrdMuawmhacs/ &Sdonfh ajriSm;pmcsKyfukd *&ef[kac:qkdonf[k xHk;jyKxm;onf/
(¤if;\tcGihf& (¤if;\ tcGihf&
ukd,fpm;vS,f ,Hrk w
S t
f yfEjHS cif;tufOya' ]]The Trusts Act}} yk'rf 82 þtrIwGif *&eftrnfayguf&&Sdxm;ol w&m;vkdrsm;\ om;orD; udk,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) ü atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;onf- (4) OD;onf tpd;k &xHrS ajriSm;tcGit fh a&;t& vlaexkid &f ef? vkyif ef; a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh rsm;vkyfukdif&ef ponfjzihf ajrudk pDrHcefYcGJtoHk;jyKykdifcGihf &&SdoGm;NyD ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ]]Where property is transferred to one person for a OD;cspfarmif yg 4
jzpfonf/
consideration paid or provided by another per-
son, and it appears that such other person did not
atmufjrefrmjynf? NrKd UESiahf us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
intend to pay or provide such consideration for the
16 (u) wGif atmufygtwkdif; jy|mef;xm;aMumif; awGU&onf-
benefit of the transferee, the transferee must hold the ]]S.16. Land at the dispoal of Government may be dis-
property for the benefit of the person paying or pro- posed of-
viding the consideration.}}
(a) by grant or lease, conferring such interests therein
(ypönf;udk tjcm;olwpfOD;uay;acsaom odkYr[kwf and on such conditions as the President of the
pd k u f x k w f a y;aom tzd k ; pm;em;twG u f wpf O D ; Union may by rule prescribe;}}
wpfa,mufaomoltm; vTJajymif;onfhudpöü ,if;
tqkyd g yk'rf 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csut f &qkv d Qif rlv½H;k
tjcm;olonf tzkd;pm;em;udk vTJajymif;&&Sdol\
w&m;vkrd sm;\ om;orD; (4) OD;tm; oufaocHtrSwf (C) ajriSm;
tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf pku d x
f wk af y;&ef &nf&,
G f
cJo
h nfr[kw[ f k ,lq&vQif vTaJ jymif;&&Sod o
l nf ypön;f *&efpmcsKyu
f kd tpk;d &u xkwaf y;jcif;jzpfojzifh tcsi;f jzpf*&efajrwGif
udk tzkd;pm;em;ay;acsol odkYr[kwf pkdufxkwfay;ol\ t,lcH w&m;vdk\ZeD; a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if *&eftrnfaygufol
tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;&rnf/) armifErS (4) OD;wku Yd tusKd ;cHpm;cGit
fh &yf&yfukd &&So
d mG ;NyjD zpfonf/
,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya'yk'fr 82 yg ,if;tjcm;ol *&ef&ol odkYr[kwf tpkd;&\ ajriSm;\ tcGihfta&;udk

onf tzd;k pm;em;ukd vTaJ jymif;&&So
d \
l tusKd ;iSm ay;acs&ef odrYk [kwf ajrydkif&Sif EkdifiHawmfuyif tqkdyg tufOya'yk'fr 7 (u) t&
232 229
2015 tykdif0,fay;vkdaom &nf&G,fcsuf &Sd r&Sdonf t"dutcsufjzpf pkdufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonfr[kwfvQifqkdonfh jy|mef;csufESihf 2015
onf/ xkd&nf&G,fcsufr&Sdygu aiG&Sifonf ykdif&Sifjzpfrnfjzpfonf/ nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;acso?l aiGpu
dk f
xkwfay;ol\tusdK;iSm tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vuf0,fxm;&rnfjzpf
ukd,fpm;vS,f a':tpl&mbD (c) a':cspfwD;,m; ESifh a':zmwl; ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) onf/ wpfenf;qkyd gu vTaJ jymif;aomypön;f udk aiGay;acso?l aiGpu dk f a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh xkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdoltm; ,HkrSwftyfESH&ma&mufrnf ESifh
t0,f jyKvkyfaomudpörsm;ü atmufygtcsufrsm;tay: rlwnfí
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 jzpfonf/ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
pOf;pm;oihfaMumif; oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfxm;onf-
]] (1) trnfiSm;pepfjzihf ta&mif;t0,fjyKvkyf&ef qkdvkdonfrSm aiGpkdufxkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\tusdK;iSm
taMumif; &Sd r&Sd? aiGay;acsjcif;r[kwv f Qif ypön;f udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;ol\
(2) emrnf i S m ;rsm;ES i f h wu,f w rf ; 0,f , l o l w k d Y trnfiSm;taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k
quf p yf a eyH k t & wu,f w rf ; 0,f , l o l u qkdvdkjcif;jzpfonf/
xked mrnfimS ;rsm;udk a&G;cs,&f eftaMumif; &Sd r&S?d udkom'if yg 4 ESifh udkausmuf'kd; yg 5 trI(9)
(3) ypön;f ykid q
f idk rf EI iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm; wGif ]]y#dnmOfpmcsKyfwpfckwGif 0,foltrnfudk azmfjyxm;aomf
rnfolYxHwGif&Sdoenf;? vnf; Oya'oabmt&qkdvQif ykdifqdkifolrSm aiG&Sifjzpfonf/
trnfazmfjyxm;onfrmS bDemrD (c) trnfimS ;rsm;om jzpfonf[k
(4) ypönf;onf rnfolYvuf0,fwGif&Sdoenf;? ,lq&ayrnf}} [laom oHk;oyfcsufudk tzsm;qGwfí pD&ifxHk;
(5) rnfolYxHrS tzkd;aiGudk &&Sdoenf;/}} acgif;pD;ü azmfjyxm;jcif;onf qkid &f mOya'udk tjynft h pHak zmfjyjcif;
r[kwo f jzifh t"dymÜ ,faumuf,&l mü rSm;,Gi;f Ekid af yonf/ trSerf mS
xkdtrIpD&ifxHk; pmrsufESm 150? 151 ü oHk;oyfwifjyxm;aom
OD;pdefwif trI(11) trIwiG v
f nf; txufygpD&ifx;kH udk vdu
k ef mvsuf
atmufygtaMumif; tcsurf sm;tay: tajccHum qH;k jzwfaMumif;
qH;k jzwfco
hJ nf/
awGUjrifEkdifonf-
230 231
2015 ]] aiGacs;pOfuyif acs;aiGrmS udo k m'ifyidk rf [kwaf Mumif; t&omr[kwb f J taMumif;jcif;&mt&vnf; tcif;jzpf 2015
toif;ykid af iGjzpfaMumif;udk udak usmuf';dk ? udo k ed ;f [efwYdk ajrudk toif;ykdifonfrSm xif&Sm;\/ udkausmuf'kd;wdkY
ukd,fpm;vS,f od&SdMu\/ udkom'ifudk,fwkdifu aiG 10000 usyf wifoGif;aom OD;ykdifrSwfyHkpm&if;pmtkyf (1-u) wGif
ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) acs;&ef rdrdü aiGr&SdaMumif; ¤if;wkdYtm; ajymMum;\/ tcif;jzpfajrrSm toif;trnfEiS ahf y:xGu\ f / udo
k m'if a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh ,if ; od k Y j zpf & m pyg;wif ; a& wpf o d e f ; ausmf u d k onf tcsif;jzpfajrukdykdifvQif xkdOD;ykdifrSwfyHkpm&if;wGif ESifh
udak usmuf';dk wkpYd ufü Buw d &f ef ay;tyforl mS udo k m'if ¤if;trnfjzifhom xGufwef&mayonf/ ukdom'ifu
r[k w f a Mumif ; ? toif ; omvQif j zpf a Mumif ; ud k toif;tm; xkad jrudk vSL'gef;aMumif; oufaor&Sad cs/
udak usmuf';dk wkYd odMurnfjzpfonf/ xkjYd yifvnf; txuf vSL'gef;onfvnf; r[kwfwef&may/ xkdrSwpfyg;vnf;
üazmfjycJhonfhtwkdif; tcif;jzpfajrukd 0,f,l&mü v,f,majrEkid if yH idk f jyKvyk af &;udpö ay:aygufvmaom
udkausmuf'kd;wkdYacs;,laom aiGjzifh 0,fjcif;r[kwf? tcg tcif;jzpfajrudk atmifjrefrmor0g,rtoif;ykid f
toif;ud, k w f idk u
f yif 0,f,jl cif; jzpfonf/ pmcsKyw f iG f v,fajrtjzpf uif;vGwfcGihfjyKcJh avonf/
0,folrSm ukdom'if[k azmfjyxm;onfum;rSef\/ txufazmfjyyg taMumif;rsm;aMumifh tcif;jzpf
odkY&mwGif udkom'ifonf rdrdudk,fydkiftvkyfjzpfaom ajronf atmifjrefrmor0g,r toif;ykdifajrjzpf
ausmif;q&mtvkyfudk azmfjyjcif;rjyKbJ atmifjrefrm onf[k ,lqqHk;jzwf&ayrnf/}}
or0g,rtoif;Ouú|tjzpfom azmfjyavonf/
azmfjyygoHk;oyfcsuft& toif;u tcsif;jzpfajrudk
w&m;Oya'oabmudk em;rvnfojzifh toif;\trnf
0,f,&l mwGif uko d m'if\tusKd ;iSm tzd;k pm;em;ay;acsc&hJ ef &nf&,G f
jzihf r0,f,lbJ udkom'if\trnfjzifh 0,f,lchJ[efwl
cJjh cif;r[kwo
f jzihf uko
d m'ifonf trnfimS ;omjzpfonf[k xH;k zGUJ jcif;
onf/ rnfoyYkd ifqadk p toif;ykid af iGEiS fh 0,fonfjzpf&m
jzpfonf/
xkdajrrSm toif;ykdifajrjzpfavonf/ udkom'ifonf
xk d a jrES i h f p yf v sOf ; í AemrD ; (c) trnf i S m ;rQom aiG&iS o
f nf ykid &f iS jf zpfonf[k w&m;aoaumuf,yl gvQif
jzpfonf[k ,lq&ayrnf/ armif x G e f ; az ES i f h bD ? ,Hrk w
S t
f yfEjHS cif;tuf Oya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuEf iS fh qefu
Y sirf nf
au? [m(vf)'g trI(1) udk Munfhyg/ xkdOya'oabm jzpfonf/ aiG&Sifu pmcsKyfü vTJajymif;&&Sdol[k azmfjyxm;oltm;
230 231
2015 ]] aiGacs;pOfuyif acs;aiGrmS udo k m'ifyidk rf [kwaf Mumif; t&omr[kwb f J taMumif;jcif;&mt&vnf; tcif;jzpf 2015
toif;ykid af iGjzpfaMumif;udk udak usmuf';dk ? udo k ed ;f [efwYdk ajrudk toif;ykdifonfrSm xif&Sm;\/ udkausmuf'kd;wdkY
ukd,fpm;vS,f od&SdMu\/ udkom'ifudk,fwkdifu aiG 10000 usyf wifoGif;aom OD;ykdifrSwfyHkpm&if;pmtkyf (1-u) wGif
ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) acs;&ef rdrdü aiGr&SdaMumif; ¤if;wkdYtm; ajymMum;\/ tcif;jzpfajrrSm toif;trnfEiS ahf y:xGu\ f / udo
k m'if a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh ,if ; od k Y j zpf & m pyg;wif ; a& wpf o d e f ; ausmf u d k onf tcsif;jzpfajrukdykdifvQif xkdOD;ykdifrSwfyHkpm&if;wGif ESifh
udak usmuf';dk wkpYd ufü Buw d &f ef ay;tyforl mS udo k m'if ¤if;trnfjzifhom xGufwef&mayonf/ ukdom'ifu
r[k w f a Mumif ; ? toif ; omvQif j zpf a Mumif ; ud k toif;tm; xkad jrudk vSL'gef;aMumif; oufaor&Sad cs/
udak usmuf';dk wkYd odMurnfjzpfonf/ xkjYd yifvnf; txuf vSL'gef;onfvnf; r[kwfwef&may/ xkdrSwpfyg;vnf;
üazmfjycJhonfhtwkdif; tcif;jzpfajrukd 0,f,l&mü v,f,majrEkid if yH idk f jyKvyk af &;udpö ay:aygufvmaom
udkausmuf'kd;wkdYacs;,laom aiGjzifh 0,fjcif;r[kwf? tcg tcif;jzpfajrudk atmifjrefrmor0g,rtoif;ykid f
toif;ud, k w f idk u
f yif 0,f,jl cif; jzpfonf/ pmcsKyw f iG f v,fajrtjzpf uif;vGwfcGihfjyKcJh avonf/
0,folrSm ukdom'if[k azmfjyxm;onfum;rSef\/ txufazmfjyyg taMumif;rsm;aMumifh tcif;jzpf
odkY&mwGif udkom'ifonf rdrdudk,fydkiftvkyfjzpfaom ajronf atmifjrefrmor0g,r toif;ykdifajrjzpf
ausmif;q&mtvkyfudk azmfjyjcif;rjyKbJ atmifjrefrm onf[k ,lqqHk;jzwf&ayrnf/}}
or0g,rtoif;Ouú|tjzpfom azmfjyavonf/
azmfjyygoHk;oyfcsuft& toif;u tcsif;jzpfajrudk
w&m;Oya'oabmudk em;rvnfojzifh toif;\trnf
0,f,&l mwGif uko d m'if\tusKd ;iSm tzd;k pm;em;ay;acsc&hJ ef &nf&,G f
jzihf r0,f,lbJ udkom'if\trnfjzifh 0,f,lchJ[efwl
cJjh cif;r[kwo
f jzihf uko
d m'ifonf trnfimS ;omjzpfonf[k xH;k zGUJ jcif;
onf/ rnfoyYkd ifqadk p toif;ykid af iGEiS fh 0,fonfjzpf&m
jzpfonf/
xkdajrrSm toif;ykdifajrjzpfavonf/ udkom'ifonf
xk d a jrES i h f p yf v sOf ; í AemrD ; (c) trnf i S m ;rQom aiG&iS o
f nf ykid &f iS jf zpfonf[k w&m;aoaumuf,yl gvQif
jzpfonf[k ,lq&ayrnf/ armif x G e f ; az ES i f h bD ? ,Hrk w
S t
f yfEjHS cif;tuf Oya'yk'rf 82 yg jy|mef;csuEf iS fh qefu
Y sirf nf
au? [m(vf)'g trI(1) udk Munfhyg/ xkdOya'oabm jzpfonf/ aiG&Sifu pmcsKyfü vTJajymif;&&Sdol[k azmfjyxm;oltm;
232 229
2015 tykdif0,fay;vkdaom &nf&G,fcsuf &Sd r&Sdonf t"dutcsufjzpf pkdufxkwfay;&ef &nf&G,fcJhonfr[kwfvQifqkdonfh jy|mef;csufESihf 2015
onf/ xkd&nf&G,fcsufr&Sdygu aiG&Sifonf ykdif&Sifjzpfrnfjzpfonf/ nDñw G yf grS tzk;d pm;em;udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;acso?l aiGpu
dk f
xkwfay;ol\tusdK;iSm tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk vuf0,fxm;&rnfjzpf
ukd,fpm;vS,f a':tpl&mbD (c) a':cspfwD;,m; ESifh a':zmwl; ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) onf/ wpfenf;qkyd gu vTaJ jymif;aomypön;f udk aiGay;acso?l aiGpu dk f a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh xkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdoltm; ,HkrSwftyfESH&ma&mufrnf ESifh
t0,f jyKvkyfaomudpörsm;ü atmufygtcsufrsm;tay: rlwnfí
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 jzpfonf/ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
pOf;pm;oihfaMumif; oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfxm;onf-
]] (1) trnfiSm;pepfjzihf ta&mif;t0,fjyKvkyf&ef qkdvkdonfrSm aiGpkdufxkwfay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\tusdK;iSm
taMumif; &Sd r&Sd? aiGay;acsjcif;r[kwv f Qif ypön;f udk vTaJ jymif;&&So
d o
l nf aiGay;ol\
(2) emrnf i S m ;rsm;ES i f h wu,f w rf ; 0,f , l o l w k d Y trnfiSm;taejzifh xkdol\tusdK;iSm vuf&Sdxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k
quf p yf a eyH k t & wu,f w rf ; 0,f , l o l u qkdvdkjcif;jzpfonf/
xked mrnfimS ;rsm;udk a&G;cs,&f eftaMumif; &Sd r&S?d udkom'if yg 4 ESifh udkausmuf'kd; yg 5 trI(9)
(3) ypön;f ykid q
f idk rf EI iS pfh yfvsO;f onfh pmcsKypf mwrf;rsm; wGif ]]y#dnmOfpmcsKyfwpfckwGif 0,foltrnfudk azmfjyxm;aomf
rnfolYxHwGif&Sdoenf;? vnf; Oya'oabmt&qkdvQif ykdifqdkifolrSm aiG&Sifjzpfonf/
trnfazmfjyxm;onfrmS bDemrD (c) trnfimS ;rsm;om jzpfonf[k
(4) ypönf;onf rnfolYvuf0,fwGif&Sdoenf;? ,lq&ayrnf}} [laom oHk;oyfcsufudk tzsm;qGwfí pD&ifxHk;
(5) rnfolYxHrS tzkd;aiGudk &&Sdoenf;/}} acgif;pD;ü azmfjyxm;jcif;onf qkid &f mOya'udk tjynft h pHak zmfjyjcif;
r[kwo f jzifh t"dymÜ ,faumuf,&l mü rSm;,Gi;f Ekid af yonf/ trSerf mS
xkdtrIpD&ifxHk; pmrsufESm 150? 151 ü oHk;oyfwifjyxm;aom
OD;pdefwif trI(11) trIwiG v
f nf; txufygpD&ifx;kH udk vdu
k ef mvsuf
atmufygtaMumif; tcsurf sm;tay: tajccHum qH;k jzwfaMumif;
qH;k jzwfco
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2015 ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; xkwfay;EdkifaMumif; ,Hrk w

S t
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jyqkx
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G &f eftwGuf bDemrD (c) trnfimS ;jzifh ta&mif;t0,fjyKvyk f
ukd,fpm;vS,f pD&ifxHk;tm;vHk;ü trnfcHtrnfiSm;pepfudk ta&mif; aom udprö sm;ü txufazmfjyyg pOf;pm;&rnft h csuf (5) csutf jyif
ukd,fpm;vS,f
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ESifh ESifh
Ekdifonf/ ,HkrSwftyfESHjcif;tufOya'yk'fr 82 ESifh pD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif ]] (6) aiGay;olu vTJajymif;&&Sdol[k azmfjyxm;ol\
ñTejf yaom vTaJ jymif;rIonf tzd;k pm;em;jzifh vTaJ jymif;jcif;rsKd ;udk qkv
d dk tusdK;iSm aiGay;acs&ef &nf&G,fcJhjcif;
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wkdYonf EkdifiHawmfu EkdifiHydkifajrudk EkdifiHom;rsm; toHk;jyKEkdif&ef vlrrnfom;orD; (4) OD;tm; ¤if;wkdYykdifaiGaMu;jzifh om;orD;rsm;
OD;wnfvTJajymif;ay;jcif;jzpfonf/ tzdk;pm;em;&&Sda&;udk t"du trnfcu H m 0,f,al y;cJjh cif;jzpfNy;D ajr*&eftrnfayguf&eftwGuf
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fh rd w
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pD&ifcsufESihf 'Du&DwkdYudk qufvuftwnfjyKcJhonfh jynfaxmifpk pepfudk toHk;jyKEkdifp&mtaMumif; &Sd r&Sd pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsuf (5)
csufteuf yxrqHk;aomtcsufESifhpyfvsOf;í pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&ef
(12) &efukeftwGJ 14? pm-242/ ysufuGufcJhonf/ xkdtcsufrSm trnfiSm;pepfjzifh ta&mif;
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2015 t0,fjyKvkyf&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd jzpfonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh trnfaygufolrsm;vnf; trnfiSm;omjzpfaMumif; wifjyonf/ 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif a<u;&S i f r sm;ud k vS n f h j zm;&ef ? tcG e f w d r f ; a&S m if & ef ponf h OD;0if;Ekdif
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh trnfiSm;pepfudk usifhoHk; avh&SdMuonf/ trSwf 333? pD&ifcsupf mrsuEf mS 4? 'kw,
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f qH;k ü ]]trnfimS ;ol
a':cifcsdKOD;) ,cktrIwiG f w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwo
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ESifh &ef&adS Mumif;? tcGex
f rf;aqmif&ef&adS Mumif;? trnfimS ;pepfusio hf ;kH tppftrSejf zpfrvmEkid af y}} [lívnf;aumif;? aemufq;kH tyd'k w f iG f ESifh
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&ef&adS Mumif; taxmuftxm;rawGU&Sad y/ OD;cspaf rmifu om;orD;
(4) OD; tm; trnfcHaponfh taMumif;r&SdaMumif;vnf; 0efcHxm; taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfxm;onfudk awGU&onf/
onfudk awGU&Sd&onf/ xkdYjyif 0ifaiGr&Sdol uav;rsm;udk trnfcH atmufjrefrmjynf NrKd UESiahf us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
tjzpfa&G;cs,f&efvnf; taMumif;r&Sdacs/ 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csufrsm;t& *&efay;jcif;? ajriSm;pmcsKyf
odjYk zpf&m OD;cspaf rmifonf 0ifaiGr&So
d l om;orD; (4) OD; csKyqf akd y;jcif;[lonf qkid &f majr (*&efay;aomajr? iSm;&rf;aomajr)
vHk;udk 0,foltjzpfazmfjyjcif;rSm trnfcHazmfjyjcif;r[kwfbJ wGif *&ef&ol odkYr[kwf ajriSm;tm; tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdaponf/
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tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&efxkwfay;jcif;[lí r&Sd
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aMumif; txufygjy|mef;csurf sm;udk oH;k oyfMunfyh gu ay:vGio f nf/
aiGaMu;jzifh om;orD; (4) OD; trnfcHjzihf 0,f,laMumif; xif&Sm;
trnfcH trnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,faMumif; atmuf
onf[k oHk;oyfjcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;onf/
jrefrmjynf? NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) ü
trSwf (1) t,lcw H &m;NyKd i\ f a&SUaeu rdbrsm;jzpfMu t&d y f t >ruf y if r awG U &ojzif h txuf y g jynf a xmif p k w &m;
aom w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdYu ¤if;wkdYydkifaiGjzifh tcsif;jzpfajrudk vTwfawmfcsKyf\ taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfcsufwkdYonf yk'fr 16 (u) yg
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Yd trnfjzifh 0,f,l jy|mef;csurf sm; ESifh rnDñw G af cs/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu
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2015 t0,fjyKvkyf&eftaMumif; &Sd r&Sd jzpfonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh trnfaygufolrsm;vnf; trnfiSm;omjzpfaMumif; wifjyonf/ 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif a<u;&S i f r sm;ud k vS n f h j zm;&ef ? tcG e f w d r f ; a&S m if & ef ponf h OD;0if;Ekdif
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu 2013 ckESpf? w&m;rt,lcHrI
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh trnfiSm;pepfudk usifhoHk; avh&SdMuonf/ trSwf 333? pD&ifcsupf mrsuEf mS 4? 'kw,
d pmyk'd t
f qH;k ü ]]trnfimS ;ol
a':cifcsdKOD;) ,cktrIwiG f w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwo
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ESifh &ef&adS Mumif;? tcGex
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OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ]]om;orD; (4) OD; ykdifqdkifonf[k rqkdEdkifay}} [lívnf;aumif; OD;cspfarmif yg 4
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(4) OD; tm; trnfcHaponfh taMumif;r&SdaMumif;vnf; 0efcHxm; taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfxm;onfudk awGU&onf/
onfudk awGU&Sd&onf/ xkdYjyif 0ifaiGr&Sdol uav;rsm;udk trnfcH atmufjrefrmjynf NrKd UESiahf us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
tjzpfa&G;cs,f&efvnf; taMumif;r&Sdacs/ 16 (u) yg jy|mef;csufrsm;t& *&efay;jcif;? ajriSm;pmcsKyf
odjYk zpf&m OD;cspaf rmifonf 0ifaiGr&So
d l om;orD; (4) OD; csKyqf akd y;jcif;[lonf qkid &f majr (*&efay;aomajr? iSm;&rf;aomajr)
vHk;udk 0,foltjzpfazmfjyjcif;rSm trnfcHazmfjyjcif;r[kwfbJ wGif *&ef&ol odkYr[kwf ajriSm;tm; tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sdaponf/
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¤if;wkdYtykdif&ap&ef &nf&G,fcsufjzifh 0,f,lay;jcif;jzpfaMumif; vnf;&Sdonf/ a':odef;arESifh rkd[mruftDqGwf yg 2 trI(3)
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tusdK;iSm trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; ajr*&efxkwfay;jcif;[lí r&Sd
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aMumif; txufygjy|mef;csurf sm;udk oH;k oyfMunfyh gu ay:vGio f nf/
aiGaMu;jzifh om;orD; (4) OD; trnfcHjzihf 0,f,laMumif; xif&Sm;
trnfcH trnfiSm; *&efxkwfay;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,faMumif; atmuf
onf[k oHk;oyfjcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;onf/
jrefrmjynf? NrdKUESihf aus;&Gmrsm;tufOya'yk'fr 16 (u) ü
trSwf (1) t,lcw H &m;NyKd i\ f a&SUaeu rdbrsm;jzpfMu t&d y f t >ruf y if r awG U &ojzif h txuf y g jynf a xmif p k w &m;
aom w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdYu ¤if;wkdYydkifaiGjzifh tcsif;jzpfajrudk vTwfawmfcsKyf\ taMumif;jyqHk;jzwfcsufwkdYonf yk'fr 16 (u) yg
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Yd trnfjzifh 0,f,l jy|mef;csurf sm; ESifh rnDñw G af cs/ jynfaxmifpw k &m;vTwaf wmfcsKyu
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2015 ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk trnfcHtrnfiSm;tm; xkwfay;EdkifaMumif; ,Hrk w

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wkdYonf EkdifiHawmfu EkdifiHydkifajrudk EkdifiHom;rsm; toHk;jyKEkdif&ef vlrrnfom;orD; (4) OD;tm; ¤if;wkdYykdifaiGaMu;jzifh om;orD;rsm;
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f a&SUaeu rdbu om;orD; xm;&Sdjcif; ponfh tcsufrsm;aMumifh OD;cspfarmifwkdY\ aiGaMu;jzihf
rsm;twGuf &nfpl;0,f,ljcif;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmESihf om;orD; (4) OD; trnfcjH zifh 0,f,al Mumif; xif&mS ;onf[k oH;k oyf
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pD&ifcsuf ESihf 'Du&D? &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\ wGif azmfjyxm;onfh trnfiSm;jzihf ta&mif;t0,fjyKvkyfonfh
pD&ifcsufESihf 'Du&DwkdYudk qufvuftwnfjyKcJhonfh jynfaxmifpk pepfudk toHk;jyKEkdifp&mtaMumif; &Sd r&Sd pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsuf (5)
csufteuf yxrqHk;aomtcsufESifhpyfvsOf;í pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&ef
(12) &efukeftwGJ 14? pm-242/ ysufuGufcJhonf/ xkdtcsufrSm trnfiSm;pepfjzifh ta&mif;
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0,f,ljcif;onf trnfiSm;jzifh0,f,lonf[k rqkdEkdifonfhtjyif r&SdaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ukd,fpm;vS,f
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jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf; Oya'ESifh "r®owfusrf;rsm;tay: tajcrcHbJ jzpfí Oya't& twnfjyKEkdifaMumif;? ,HkMunftyfESHrIwpf&yf
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ESifh tarGqidk yf pön;f r[kwaf Mumif; oH;k oyfq;kH jzwfjcif;onf ESifh
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h rnfimS ;jzifh 0,f,cl ahJ Mumif; ay:aygufonft h jyif tjcm;
¤if;wdkYtusdK;ukd ydwfyif&mra&mufaomaMumifh t,lcH tarGqikd rf sm;use&f adS eojzihf ¤if;wktYd wGuf epfemzG,&f m taMumif;
w&m;vdkü tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&Sdonf[k ,lqaMumif;}} &Sad omaMumifh zcifu om; OD;0if;jrift h wGuf &nfp;l í 0,f,o l nf
oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfcJhonf/ qkdjcif;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmt& vufcH&efroifh[k
,if;trIwiG f tarGpm;tarGcw H pfO;D wnf;om&Sjd cif; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfonf/
tay: a0zefoHk;oyfcJhjcif;jzpf&m ,cktrIwGif tarGcH
,cktrIwGif rdbrsm;jzpfMuonfh OD;cspfarmifwkdYu
238 239
2015 om;orD;twGuf &nfpl;0,f,ljcif;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf; wpfO;D ru &Sad ejcif;aMumifh ,if;pD&ifx;kH udk vku
d ef m&ef 2015
pOf v mES i f h nD ñ G w f j cif ; &S d r&S d ? rd b u om;orD ; twG u f vkdrnfr[kwfay/
ukd,fpm;vS,f
&nfp;l 0,f,jl cif;udk jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf;pOfvmt& vufcu H siohf ;kH &ef odjYk zpfí w&m;½H;k csKyu
f tcsi;f jzpfypön;f udk zcifu ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) oifh roihf ESifhpyfvsOf;í atmufygtwkdif; oHk;oyfcJhonf- om;twGuf &nfp;l 0,f,cl í hJ ¤if;ydik yf pön;f jzpfaMumif;? a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh tarGqidk yf pön;f r[kwaf Mumif; oH;k oyfq;kH jzwfjcif;onf ESifh
]] armif x G e f ; az ES i f h bD a u[m(vf ) 'gES i f h
tjcm;ol r sm; trI(3) wGif rdbrsm;onf om;orD; txufazmfjyyg armifxGef;az ESifh bDau[m(vf)'g
rsm;twGuf &nfpl;í 0,f,lonfh tavhtxonf ESifh tjcm;olrsm;vrf;ñTefpD&ifxHk; (3) udk vkdufem
jcif;r&SdbJ uGJvGJqHk;jzwfcJhaMumif; jrifomonf/
jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmESifh udkufnDjcif;r&SdaMumif;
pHn
k cD ½kH ;kH jzifh vrf;ñTef xH;k jyKcohJ nf/ ,if;pD&ifx;kH rwkid cf if OD;cifarmifonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;udk OD;0if;jrifh
rdbu om;orD; twGu&f nfp;l í 0,f,o l nfqjkd cif;udk trnfiSm;jzifh 0,f,lcJhaMumif; ay:aygufonfhtjyif
vufcjH cif;r&Sd ovkd vufco H nfoh m"ursm; &Scd zhJ ;l onf/ rdrd\udk,fydkifaiGjzifh om;twGuf&nfpl;í 0,fonf
xkdYjyif OD ; armif u av; yg 4 ES i f h a':pd e f E k (c) qdkjcif;onf zcif uG,fvGefpOf usef&pfonfhypönf;wGif
a':Ekar trI(4) wGif txuf azmfjyyg armifxGef;az useftarGqdkifrsm;twGuf epfemzG,f&m taMumif;&Sd
pD & if x k H ;(3) udk jcm;em;jyum ]]wpfOD;wnf;aomom; ojzif h jref r m"avh x H k ; wrf ; pOf v mt& vuf c H & ef
twGuf OD;pm;ay;í tusKd ;cHpm; cGi&fh &Sad p&ef tcsi;f jzpf roihfay/}}
tdrfudk 0,f,lolwpfOD;taejzifh xnfhoGif;xm;jcif;rSm xkdtrIwGif OD;cifarmifonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;udk
tjcm;tarG p m;tarG c H o m;orD ; rsm;r&S d o jzif h OD;0if;jrift
h rnfimS ;jzifh 0,f,cl ahJ Mumif; ay:aygufonft h jyif tjcm;
¤if;wdkYtusdK;ukd ydwfyif&mra&mufaomaMumifh t,lcH tarGqikd rf sm;use&f adS eojzihf ¤if;wktYd wGuf epfemzG,&f m taMumif;
w&m;vdkü tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&Sdonf[k ,lqaMumif;}} &Sad omaMumifh zcifu om; OD;0if;jrift h wGuf &nfp;l í 0,f,o l nf
oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfcJhonf/ qkdjcif;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmt& vufcH&efroifh[k
,if;trIwiG f tarGpm;tarGcw H pfO;D wnf;om&Sjd cif; qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfonf/
tay: a0zefoHk;oyfcJhjcif;jzpf&m ,cktrIwGif tarGcH
,cktrIwGif rdbrsm;jzpfMuonfh OD;cspfarmifwkdYu
240 237
2015 om;orD ; (4) OD ; pvH k ; ? om;orD ; tm;vH k ; \ tusd K ;twG u f w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf\ pD&ifcsufESihf 'Du&Donf vHk;0rSm;,Gif;rI 2015
0,f,ljcif;onf trnfiSm;jzifh0,f,lonf[k rqkdEkdifonfhtjyif r&SdaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
ukd,fpm;vS,f
tjcm;tarGqdkifrsm;vnf; rusef&Sdojzifh rnfolYudkrQ epfem&ef armifxGef;az ESifh bDau[m(vf)'g trI(12) wGif ukd,fpm;vS,f
a':cifcsdKOD;) taMumif;r&SdaomaMumihf rdbu om;orD;tm;vHk;twGuf &nfpl; xH;k zGUJ onfrmS jrefrmEkid if üH trSew
f u,f0,fou l tjcm;olwpfO;D \ a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh 0,f,ljcif;udk jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvmt& vufcH&efroifh[k trnfjzifh ypön;f 0,f,o l nfth avhrmS wpfcgwpf&o
H m aqmif&u G rf I ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 qkdEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
jzpfaomfvnf; trsm;tjym;r&Sad Mumif;? jrefrmrdbrsm;u uav;tm;
a':rif;rif;OD;trI(6) wGif azmfjyonfh armifxGef;az vufaqmifay;&ef&nfpl;NyD; uav;trnfjzifh ypönf;0,f,ljcif;rSm
E S i f h b D a u [ m ( v f ) ' g t r I ( 1 2 ) yg oH k ; oyf c suf r sm;onf &Sm;yg;aMumif;? trnfimS ;0,f,jl cif;onf trSew f u,fvaJT jymif;jcif;
jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf; Oya'ESifh "r®owfusrf;rsm;tay: tajcrcHbJ jzpfí Oya't& twnfjyKEkdifaMumif;? ,HkMunftyfESHrIwpf&yf
t*FvefEkdifiHOya'udk udk;um;qHk;jzwfjcif;jzpfí jrefrm"avh ay:aygufapaMumif; xHk;zGJUjcif;jzpfonf/
xHk;wrf;pOfvmESihf nDñGwfjcif; &Sd r&Sd oHo,jzpfzG,f&m&Sdayonf/ ,HMk unftyfErHS w
I pf&yf ay:aygufonfqjdk cif;rSm aiGay;
oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 wGif ydwfyifjcif; acsool nf vTaJ jymif;&&Sod \
l tusKd ;iSm &nf&, G cf jhJ cif;r&Syd grS vTaJ jymif;
(Estoppel) qkid &f mjy|mef;csuu
f kd jy|mef;xm;onf/ oufaocHtuf &&Sdoltm; ,HkrSwftyfESH&ma&mufrnfjzpfonf/ xkdpD&ifxHk;wGif
Oya'yk'rf 115 t& ydwyf ifraI jrmuf&ef atmufygtcsuf (2) &yfEiS hf þtcsuu f kd twdtvif;azmfjyoH;k oyfcjhJ cif;r&So d nfukd awGU&onf/
nDñGwf&efvkdonf- aiGay;acsolu vTJajymif;&&Sdol\tusdK;twGuf &nf&G,fNyD; tzdk;
(u) vlwpfO;D u taMumif;jcif;&mwpfcck Ek iS pfh yfvsO;f í pm;em;ay;acsaMumif; ay:aygufonfu h pd wö iG f ,HMk unftyfErHS w I pf&yf
f efonf[k ,HMk unfap&ef ay:aygufonft h wGuf trnfimS ;vTaJ jymif;jcif;jzpfonf[k qH;k jzwf
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh tjyKtrl? tajymtqkdwpfckck ygvQif xkq
d ;kH jzwfcsuof nf ,Hrk wS t
f yfEjHS cif;tufOya'yk'rf 82 ESihf
jyKjcif;? qefYusifrnfjzpfayrnf/
(c) xkud o
f kd tjcm;vlu,HMk unfNy;D trSwf (2) (3) (4) t,lcHw&m;NydKifwkdYwifjyonfh
,HkMunfcsuftwkdif; jyKvkyfaqmif&GufNyD;jzpfjcif;/ a':rif ; rif ; OD ; ES i f h OD ; 0if ; jrif h yg 5 trI (6) wGif rdbu
244 241
2015 yd k i f q k d i f a Mumif ; >ruf a zmf c suf o uf o mcG i h f u d k r l &xk d u f o nf / tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh taqmufttHkudk 30-8-1974 2015
þtajctaewGif rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY awmif;qdkonfh &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyft& orD;jzpfol
twkid ;f rlv½H;k u w&m;vkw d oYdk nf tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh taqmuft\ kH a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if armifESr (4) OD; trnfrsm;jzifh 0,f,lNyD;
a':cifcsdKOD;)
ykdif&SifjzpfaMumif; >ruf['Du&D csrSwfcJhonfudk t,lcHw&m;½Hk; aemuf ¤if;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&eftrnfajymif;apcJhjcif;u OD;cspfarmif a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh tqifhqifhwkdYu twnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefrIr&Sday/ onf a':cifjrih&f w D tYdk m; trnfajymif;onfah jrukd ¤if;wkyYd idk af Mumif; ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ,H k M unf a p&ef wrif c G i h f j yKcJ h j cif ; jzpf o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif \ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
xkaYd Mumifh Mum;em;cJah om jyóemESipfh yfvsO;f í ]]rdbu
t&G,rf a&mufao;onfh om;orD;rsm;trnfjzifh ajruGuu f kd 0,f,l aqmif&Gufcsuft& a':cifjrihf&DwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrukd ¤if;wkdY
í *&eftrnfaygufatmif jyKvkyfay;cJhojzihf om;orD; (4) OD; ydik o
*&eftrnfaygufvsuf&Sdonfh tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk rdbrsm;u trSwf (C) ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk a':cifjrifh&DwkdYu avQmufxm;jcif;
¤if;wkdYyidk q
f idk af Mumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkrd I pGq J cdk &hJ m &efuek f jzpfayonf/ a':cifjrif&h w D Ydk *&efavQmufxm;onfukd OD;cspaf rmifu
taemufyikd ;f c½kdifw&m;½Hk;u w&m;vkdrsm;pGJqkdonfhtwkdif; >ruf[ uefYuGufjcif;r&Sdí 1992 ckESpfwGif a':cifjrifh&DwkdYarmifESr (4) OD;
aMunmonfh 'Du&DcsrSwfay;cJhNyD; &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m; trnf j zif h *&ef & &S d c J h o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif u a':cif j rih f & D w k d Y
vTwfawmfESifh jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwkdYu ,if;'Du&Dudk ajrykdifonf[k ,HkMunfaponfhtwGuf a':cifjrifh&DwkdYuvnf;
twnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefjcif;r&SdaMumif;}} ajzqdkvkdufonf/ ajryk d i f o nf [ k ,H k M unf N yD ; ajr*&ef ? ajriS m ;pmcsKyf & &S d & ef
þw&m;rtxl;t,lcHrIudk wpfpdwfwpfa'ocGihfjyKí avQmuf x m;ojzif h ajr*&ef & &S d c J h o nf h tajctaewG i f
rlvc½dkifw&m;½Hk;ESifh t,lcHw&m;½Hk;tqifhqifhwkdY\ pD&ifcsufESihf a':cifjrif&h wD oYdk nf tcsi;f jzpfajrudrk ykid [ f k OD;cspaf rmifwu
Ydk jiif;cGifh
'Du&Drsm;udk y,fzsuv f u
dk o
f nf/ tcsi;f jzpfajrESipfh yfvsO;f í t,lcH r&Sdawmhay/ oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;u
w&m;Nyd K if OD ; cspf a rmif p G J q k d r I u d k yvyf v d k u f N yD ; tcsif ; jzpf ydwyf ifxm;onf/
taqmufttHkukdrl t,lcHw&m;NydKif OD;cspfarmifydkifqkdifaMumif;
tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk uG,fvGefol orD; a':cifjrifh&D
>ruf['Du&Dudk csrSwfay;vkdufonf/
rykid ?f rdrw
d v
Ydk ifr,m;ykid o
f nf[k OD;cspaf rmifEiS Zhf eD;wku
Yd w&m;½H;k wGif
t,lcw
H &m;vko
d nf wpfpw
d w
f pfa'oom tEkid &f &Sí
d oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 t& jiif;qkdcGihfvHk;0r&Sdonfh
p&dwcf iG rhf jyK/ tajctaeü w&m;½Hk;u tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk a':cifjrifh&D rykdif?
242 243
2015 OD;cspaf rmifwYdk vifr,m;ydik jf zpfonf[k qH;k jzwfEidk &f ef trIü w&m;0if xdt
Yk jyif oD;jcm;oufomcGiu fh kd ,if;Oya'yk'rf 42 t& w&m;pGq J kd 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif onfh trIrsm;ü w&m;½Hk;onf qifjcifwHkw&m;udk toHk;jyK&ef OD;0if;Ekdif
oufaocHcsuf (legal evidence) r&Sdojzifh >ruf['Du&DcsrSwfjcif;
jyKEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ oih f a vsmf o nf [ k xif j rif r S o mvQif ouf o mcG i h f a y;onf /
tcgcyford ;f w&m;vdu k kd awmif;qko d nfo
h ufomcGiufh kd ay;&rnf[k
a':cifcsdKOD;) oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyjf zifh tcsi;f jzpf a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh Oya' jy|mef;csufr&Sday/ ESifh
ajrESihf ajray:&Sd tkwcf u kH kd 30-8-1974 aeYwiG f 0,f,Nl y;D csed rf pS í
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 þtrI w G i f t,l c H w &m;vk d \ ZeD ; a':cif j rif h & D OD;cspfarmif yg 4
(18) ESpf umvMumonfhwkdif oufaocHtrSwf (C) t& ESpf (60)
ajriSm;*&ef &&Sdonftxd w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY\ om;orD; (4) tygt0if w&m;vkd OD;cspfarmifwkdY\ om;orD; (4) OD;u 0,f,l
OD;uom *&efpmcsKyft& tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&SdcJhonf/ w&m;vdk pOfrSpwifí tpkd;&xHrS *&eftrnfayguf tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sd
OD;cspfarmifwkdYtaejzifh ¤if;wkdYydkifqkdifcHpm;cGihf&Sdonfqkdygu ¤if;wkdY xm;aom tcsi;f jzpfajrwGif w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwu Ydk ykid qf idk tf usKd ;
trnfodkY *&eftrnfayguf ajymif;vJ&ef tcGifhta&;&Sdygvsuf cHpm;cGifh&Sdonf[k w&m;½Hk;u >rufazmfcsuf'Du&Dudk csrSwfay;vkduf
ajymif;vJaqmif&u G cf jhJ cif;r&Sb d J orD;jzpfol a':cifjrif&h o D nf 15-4- rnfqydk gu atmufjrefrmjynf? NrKd UESiafh us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
2010 aeYwGif uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf rMumrD 4-8-2010 aeYwGifrS 41 t& ydwfyifcsufudk csdK;azmuf&m a&mufayvdrfhrnf/ odkYjzpfí
þtrIudk pGJqkdvmjcif; jzpfaMumif; awGU&onf/ tcsif;jzpfajrESipfh yfvsO;f í w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwyYdk ikd q
f idk af Mumif;
>rufazmfcsufoufomcGihfudk w&m;½Hk;u csrSwfay;&ef oihfrnf
rlv½H;k w&m;vdk OD;cspaf rmifwu Ydk tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrf
r[kwfay/
wku
Yd kd ¤if;wk\
Yd aiGjzifh 0,f,cl jhJ cif;? ¤if;wkv
Yd uf0,fxm;&Sd tusKd ;cHpm;
aejcif;wkaYd Mumifh w&m;vkrd sm;onf ajrESit hf rd wf \
Ydk ydik &f iS jf zpfaMumif; oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwyf w kH ifta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyf
oD ; jcm;ouf o mcG i h f t uf O ya'yk ' f r 42 t& >ruf a zmf c suf t& 0,f,pl Ofuyif tcsi;f jzpfajruGuEf iS fh taqmufttHak o;ao;
av;omyg&Sad Mumif;? 1978 ckEpS w f iG f xkt
d rd af v;udzk suí
f (3) xyf
oufomcGihfudk awmif;qkdjcif;jzpfonf/
wkdufudk w&m;vkdwkdYvifr,m;ydkifaiGjzifh jyifqifaqmufvkyfcJhonf
oD;jcm;oufomcGifhtufOya'onf w&m;rQwrIESihf qkdonfrSm trIwGif tjiif;ryGm;onfhtcsufjzpfonf/ tcsif;jzpf
pyfvsOf;onfh tajccHoabmw&m;rsm;ay:wGif tajccHxm;&m taqmufttHkrSm w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY aqmufvkyfydkifqkdif
xk d t ajccH o abmw&m;rsm;t& w&m;rQwrI o uf o mcG i h f u d k cJ h a Mumif ; xif & S m ;ojzif h xk d t aqmuf t tH k u d k w&m;vd k r sm;
vkdvm;olonf rdrdudk,fwkdif tjypfuif;rJhoefY&Sif;rI&Sd&efvdkonf/
242 243
2015 OD;cspaf rmifwYdk vifr,m;ydik jf zpfonf[k qH;k jzwfEidk &f ef trIü w&m;0if xdt
Yk jyif oD;jcm;oufomcGiu fh kd ,if;Oya'yk'rf 42 t& w&m;pGq J kd 2015
OD;0if;Ekdif onfh trIrsm;ü w&m;½Hk;onf qifjcifwHkw&m;udk toHk;jyK&ef OD;0if;Ekdif
oufaocHcsuf (legal evidence) r&Sdojzifh >ruf['Du&DcsrSwfjcif;
jyKEkdifrnfr[kwfay/ oih f a vsmf o nf [ k xif j rif r S o mvQif ouf o mcG i h f a y;onf /
tcgcyford ;f w&m;vdu k kd awmif;qko d nfo
h ufomcGiufh kd ay;&rnf[k
a':cifcsdKOD;) oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwyf w kH ifpmcsKyjf zifh tcsi;f jzpf a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh Oya' jy|mef;csufr&Sday/ ESifh
ajrESihf ajray:&Sd tkwcf u kH kd 30-8-1974 aeYwiG f 0,f,Nl y;D csed rf pS í
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 þtrI w G i f t,l c H w &m;vk d \ ZeD ; a':cif j rif h & D OD;cspfarmif yg 4
(18) ESpf umvMumonfhwkdif oufaocHtrSwf (C) t& ESpf (60)
ajriSm;*&ef &&Sdonftxd w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY\ om;orD; (4) tygt0if w&m;vkd OD;cspfarmifwkdY\ om;orD; (4) OD;u 0,f,l
OD;uom *&efpmcsKyft& tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&SdcJhonf/ w&m;vdk pOfrSpwifí tpkd;&xHrS *&eftrnfayguf tusdK;cHpm;cGihf&&Sd
OD;cspfarmifwkdYtaejzifh ¤if;wkdYydkifqkdifcHpm;cGihf&Sdonfqkdygu ¤if;wkdY xm;aom tcsi;f jzpfajrwGif w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwu Ydk ykid qf idk tf usKd ;
trnfodkY *&eftrnfayguf ajymif;vJ&ef tcGifhta&;&Sdygvsuf cHpm;cGifh&Sdonf[k w&m;½Hk;u >rufazmfcsuf'Du&Dudk csrSwfay;vkduf
ajymif;vJaqmif&u G cf jhJ cif;r&Sb d J orD;jzpfol a':cifjrif&h o D nf 15-4- rnfqydk gu atmufjrefrmjynf? NrKd UESiafh us;&Gmajrrsm;tufOya'yk'rf
2010 aeYwGif uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf rMumrD 4-8-2010 aeYwGifrS 41 t& ydwfyifcsufudk csdK;azmuf&m a&mufayvdrfhrnf/ odkYjzpfí
þtrIudk pGJqkdvmjcif; jzpfaMumif; awGU&onf/ tcsif;jzpfajrESipfh yfvsO;f í w&m;vkd OD;cspaf rmifwyYdk ikd q
f idk af Mumif;
>rufazmfcsufoufomcGihfudk w&m;½Hk;u csrSwfay;&ef oihfrnf
rlv½H;k w&m;vdk OD;cspaf rmifwu Ydk tcsi;f jzpfajrESihf tdrf
r[kwfay/
wku
Yd kd ¤if;wk\
Yd aiGjzifh 0,f,cl jhJ cif;? ¤if;wkv
Yd uf0,fxm;&Sd tusKd ;cHpm;
aejcif;wkaYd Mumifh w&m;vkrd sm;onf ajrESit hf rd wf \
Ydk ydik &f iS jf zpfaMumif; oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwyf w kH ifta&mif;t0,fpmcsKyf
oD ; jcm;ouf o mcG i h f t uf O ya'yk ' f r 42 t& >ruf a zmf c suf t& 0,f,pl Ofuyif tcsi;f jzpfajruGuEf iS fh taqmufttHak o;ao;
av;omyg&Sad Mumif;? 1978 ckEpS w f iG f xkt
d rd af v;udzk suí
f (3) xyf
oufomcGihfudk awmif;qkdjcif;jzpfonf/
wkdufudk w&m;vkdwkdYvifr,m;ydkifaiGjzifh jyifqifaqmufvkyfcJhonf
oD;jcm;oufomcGifhtufOya'onf w&m;rQwrIESihf qkdonfrSm trIwGif tjiif;ryGm;onfhtcsufjzpfonf/ tcsif;jzpf
pyfvsOf;onfh tajccHoabmw&m;rsm;ay:wGif tajccHxm;&m taqmufttHkrSm w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY aqmufvkyfydkifqkdif
xk d t ajccH o abmw&m;rsm;t& w&m;rQwrI o uf o mcG i h f u d k cJ h a Mumif ; xif & S m ;ojzif h xk d t aqmuf t tH k u d k w&m;vd k r sm;
vkdvm;olonf rdrdudk,fwkdif tjypfuif;rJhoefY&Sif;rI&Sd&efvdkonf/
244 241
2015 yd k i f q k d i f a Mumif ; >ruf a zmf c suf o uf o mcG i h f u d k r l &xk d u f o nf / tcsif;jzpf*&efajrESifh taqmufttHkudk 30-8-1974 2015
þtajctaewGif rlv½Hk;w&m;vdk OD;cspfarmifwkdY awmif;qdkonfh &ufpGJyg oufaocHtrSwf (u) rSwfyHkwifpmcsKyft& orD;jzpfol
twkid ;f rlv½H;k u w&m;vkw d oYdk nf tcsi;f jzpfajrESifh taqmuft\ kH a':cifjrifh&Dtygt0if armifESr (4) OD; trnfrsm;jzifh 0,f,lNyD;
a':cifcsdKOD;)
ykdif&SifjzpfaMumif; >ruf['Du&D csrSwfcJhonfudk t,lcHw&m;½Hk; aemuf ¤if;wkdYtrnfjzifh *&eftrnfajymif;apcJhjcif;u OD;cspfarmif a':cifcsdKOD;)
ESifh tqifhqifhwkdYu twnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefrIr&Sday/ onf a':cifjrih&f w D tYdk m; trnfajymif;onfah jrukd ¤if;wkyYd idk af Mumif; ESifh
OD;cspfarmif yg 4 ,H k M unf a p&ef wrif c G i h f j yKcJ h j cif ; jzpf o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif \ OD;cspfarmif yg 4
xkaYd Mumifh Mum;em;cJah om jyóemESipfh yfvsO;f í ]]rdbu
t&G,rf a&mufao;onfh om;orD;rsm;trnfjzifh ajruGuu f kd 0,f,l aqmif&Gufcsuft& a':cifjrihf&DwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfajrukd ¤if;wkdY
í *&eftrnfaygufatmif jyKvkyfay;cJhojzihf om;orD; (4) OD; ydik o
*&eftrnfaygufvsuf&Sdonfh tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk rdbrsm;u trSwf (C) ajriSm;pmcsKyfudk a':cifjrifh&DwkdYu avQmufxm;jcif;
¤if;wkdYyidk q
f idk af Mumif; >ruf[aMunmay;apvkrd I pGq J cdk &hJ m &efuek f jzpfayonf/ a':cifjrif&h w D Ydk *&efavQmufxm;onfukd OD;cspaf rmifu
taemufyikd ;f c½kdifw&m;½Hk;u w&m;vkdrsm;pGJqkdonfhtwkdif; >ruf[ uefYuGufjcif;r&Sdí 1992 ckESpfwGif a':cifjrifh&DwkdYarmifESr (4) OD;
aMunmonfh 'Du&DcsrSwfay;cJhNyD; &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;w&m; trnf j zif h *&ef & &S d c J h o nf / OD ; cspf a rmif u a':cif j rih f & D w k d Y
vTwfawmfESifh jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwkdYu ,if;'Du&Dudk ajrykdifonf[k ,HkMunfaponfhtwGuf a':cifjrifh&DwkdYuvnf;
twnfjyKcJhjcif;onf rSefuefjcif;r&SdaMumif;}} ajzqdkvkdufonf/ ajryk d i f o nf [ k ,H k M unf N yD ; ajr*&ef ? ajriS m ;pmcsKyf & &S d & ef
þw&m;rtxl;t,lcHrIudk wpfpdwfwpfa'ocGihfjyKí avQmuf x m;ojzif h ajr*&ef & &S d c J h o nf h tajctaewG i f
rlvc½dkifw&m;½Hk;ESifh t,lcHw&m;½Hk;tqifhqifhwkdY\ pD&ifcsufESihf a':cifjrif&h wD oYdk nf tcsi;f jzpfajrudrk ykid [ f k OD;cspaf rmifwu
Ydk jiif;cGifh
'Du&Drsm;udk y,fzsuv f u
dk o
f nf/ tcsi;f jzpfajrESipfh yfvsO;f í t,lcH r&Sdawmhay/ oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;u
w&m;Nyd K if OD ; cspf a rmif p G J q k d r I u d k yvyf v d k u f N yD ; tcsif ; jzpf ydwyf ifxm;onf/
taqmufttHkukdrl t,lcHw&m;NydKif OD;cspfarmifydkifqkdifaMumif;
tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk uG,fvGefol orD; a':cifjrifh&D
>ruf['Du&Dudk csrSwfay;vkdufonf/
rykid ?f rdrw
d v
Ydk ifr,m;ykid o
f nf[k OD;cspaf rmifEiS Zhf eD;wku
Yd w&m;½H;k wGif
t,lcw
H &m;vko
d nf wpfpw
d w
f pfa'oom tEkid &f &Sí
d oufaocHtufOya'yk'fr 115 t& jiif;qkdcGihfvHk;0r&Sdonfh
p&dwcf iG rhf jyK/ tajctaeü w&m;½Hk;u tcsif;jzpfajruGufudk a':cifjrifh&D rykdif?
248 245
2015 tjiif;yGm;rIajz&Sif;a&; Oya'yk'fr 19? enf;Oya' 22 ESifhtnD w&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI + 2015 ckESpf
a':0if;0if;ckdif 'DZifbmv 7 &uf
zGUJ pnf;xm;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':vSvo S nf tvkyof rm;ñTeMf um;a&;
(ykdif&Sif)
(¤if;\tcGihf&
OD;pD;Xme\ w&m;0ifzdwfMum;csuft& cGifhwdkifMum;NyD; w&m;0if jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;
udk,fpm;vS,f oif w ef ; wuf a &muf c J h j cif ; jzpf a Mumif ; ? avQmuf x m;ol o nf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
OD;ausmfaZ,s) tvkyform;ESifh tvkyfcefYxm;rIqdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf csKyfqdk OD ; pk d ; ñG e f Y ES i f h OD ; atmif a Zmf o d e f ; wk d Y a &S U wG i f
Gallant Ocean
ay;&efysuu f u
G cf ahJ Mumif;? a':vSvu S sL;vGeo
f nfqakd om jypfrrI sm;
tat;cef;puf½Hk
ESiphf yfvsO;f í puf½u kH a':vSvt S m; owday;cJjh cif;r&Sb
d J tvkyrf S a':0if ; 0if ; ck d i f (yk d i f & S i f )
ESifh
cHkorm"daumifpD xkwfy,fcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? cHkorm"daumifpD\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf (¤if ; \tcG i h f & ud k , f p m;vS , f OD ; ausmf a Z,s)
yg 3 tvkyform;a&;&mtjiif;yGm;rIajz&Sif;a&;enf;Oya' 23? 25 Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½Hk
wdEYk iS t
hf nD csrw
S af qmif&u G cf jhJ cif;jzpfaomaMumifh avQmufxm;ol\ ES i f h
trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhay;yg&ef avQmufxm;csuftm;
cH k o rm"d a umif p D yg 33*
y,fonfhtrdefY csrSwfoifhygaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
trSwf (3) avQmufxm;cH&ol a':vSvSu Gallant jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf \ pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y
Ocean tat;cef;puf½Hk? tajccHtvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;onf xkwfqifhEkdifcGihftmPm? zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef;
17-7-2012 aeYwGif oufwrf;ESpfESpfjynfhcJhNyD;jzpfí tvkyf (8) yg tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmf
trIaqmiftzGJU0if (topf) udk 31-12-2014 &ufaeYwGif yxr trd e f Y xk w f q if h E k d i f o nf [ k uef Y o wf x m;rI r &S d j cif ; /
tBudrf oif;vHk;uRwftpnf;ta0;qHk;jzwfcsufjzifh a&G;cs,fwif
qH k ; jzwf c suf / / jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHk
ajr§mufcJhjcif;tm; NrdKUe,frSwfyHkwift&m&SdxHodkY 31-12-2014
tajccHOya' tcef; (8)? tykd'f 377 ESihf 378 wkdYwGif þtcef;
&ufaeYwGif taMumif;Mum;cJhNyD; 1-1-2015 &ufaeYwGif w&m;0if
uay;tyf x m;aom tcG i h f t a&;wpf & yf & yf u d k &,l v d k y gvQif
pmwifcJhaMumif;? Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½Hkydkif&Sifonf
owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifhtnD jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY
tajccHtvkyform; tzGJUtpnf;0ifrsm;udk tBudrfBudrf tvkyfrS
*
xkwfy,fcJhonfrSm (4) Budrfwdwd&SdaMumif;? tvkyfcefYxm;rIqdkif&m 2015 ckESpf? w&m;rtaxGaxGavQmufxm;rItrSwf-50/
246 247
2015 avQmufxm;EkdifNyD; jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu xkdodkY aumifpDyg 3 OD;tay: cHkorm"daumifpDESifh cHkorm"dtzGJUwdkY\ 2015

a':0if;0if;ckdif a':0if;0if;ckdif
avQmuf x m;vmonf h ud p ö & yf r sm;tay: pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y qH k ; jzwf c suf r sm;tm; jynf a xmif p k w &m;pD & if a &;Oya'yk ' f r
(ykdif&Sif) (ykdif&Sif)
(¤if;\tcGihf&
wpf&yf&yfudk xkwfqifhay;cGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ 16(u)(5)t& trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhy,fzsufay;&ef (¤if;\tcGihf&
udk,fpm;vS,f ,if;yk'rf rsm;yg jy|mef;csurf sm;rSm xkt
d cef;u ay;tyf avQmufxm;vmjcif;jzpfonf/ udk,fpm;vS,f
OD;ausmfaZ,s) OD;ausmfaZ,s)
xm;onfh tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yfudk &,lvkdvQif pmcRefawmftrdefY cHkorm"dtzGJU?&efukefwdkif;a'oBuD;u &efukefwdkif;
Gallant Ocean Gallant Ocean
tat;cef;puf½Hk avQmufxm;EkdifaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkY jy|mef; a'oBu;D ? vIid o
f m,mNrKd Ue,f? rif;Bu;D r[mrif;acgifvrf;&Sd Gallant tat;cef;puf½Hk
ESifh xm;jcif;aMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&; Ocean tat;cef;puf½y kH ikd &f iS Ef iS hf tvkyof rm; a':vSvw S Ykd jzpfymG ; ESifh
cHkorm"daumifpD wpf&yf&yfukd &,l&eftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhEkdif aom tjiif;yGm;rIwGif a':vSvStm; tvkyfjyefvnfcefYtyf&efESifh cHkorm"daumifpD
yg 3 yg 3
onf[k usOf;ajrmif;pGm t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&efr[kwfay/ tvkyx f w
k o
f nfah eY (5-1-2015) rSpí tvkyjf yefvnfceft Y yfonfh
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (6)? yk'fr 296 wGif aeYtxd aemufqHk;xkwfvpm (OT ryg) EIef;jzifh wGufcsufí
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf pmcRefawmftrdefY (5) rsdK;udk Mum;umvepfemaMu;ay;&ef qH;k jzwfco hJ nf/ tqkyd gqH;k jzwfcsuu f kd
xkwfykdifcGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ xkdodkY jy|mef;&mü cHkorm"daumifpDu twnfjyKcJhonf/
tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;u cHkorm"d
xkwfqifhEkdifonf[k uefYowfxm;jcif;r&Sday/ aumifpD\ tzGJU0iftjzpfyg0ifol OD;aX;onf tvkyform;ta&;
aqmif&u G af eoljzpfNy;D tajccHtvkyo f rm;tzGUJ tpnf; wnfaxmif
avQmufxm;oltwGuf - OD;ol&Ekid ?f w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
&mwGif yg0ifow l pfO;D jzpfonf[ak zmfjyxm;aomfvnf; ,if;tcsuf
trSwf (1) (2) avQmufxm; - a':vJhvJh0if;? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;
ESihf pyfvsO;f í oufaotaxmuftxm; wpfpw kH pf&mwifjyxm;jcif;
cH&olrsm;twGuf jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;
r&Sad Mumif;? OD;aX;onf cHo k rm"daumifprD zGUJ pnf;rD (12) vtwGi;f
trSwf (3) avQmufxm;cH&ol - udk,fwkdif
tqdkyg tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;wGif wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhol
twGuf
r[kwaf Mumif;ESihf tvkyo f rm;tzGUJ tpnf; zGUJ pnf;wnfaxmif&mwGif
a':0if;0if;ckid f Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½ykH idk &f iS f
yg0ifolr[kwfaMumif;? cHkorm"daumifpDukd tvkyform;a&;&m
u ¤if;\tcGifh&ukd,fpm;vS,f OD;ausmfaZ,srSwqifh cHkorm"d
246 247
2015 avQmufxm;EkdifNyD; jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu xkdodkY aumifpDyg 3 OD;tay: cHkorm"daumifpDESifh cHkorm"dtzGJUwdkY\ 2015

avQmuf x m;vmonf h ud p ö & yf r sm;tay: pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y qH k ; jzwf c suf r sm;tm; jynf a xmif p k w &m;pD & if a &;Oya'yk ' f r
(¤if;\tcGihf&
wpf&yf&yfudk xkwfqifhay;cGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ 16(u)(5)t& trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhy,fzsufay;&ef (¤if;\tcGihf&
udk,fpm;vS,f ,if;yk'rf rsm;yg jy|mef;csurf sm;rSm xkt
d cef;u ay;tyf avQmufxm;vmjcif;jzpfonf/ udk,fpm;vS,f
OD;ausmfaZ,s) OD;ausmfaZ,s)
xm;onfh tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yfudk &,lvkdvQif pmcRefawmftrdefY cHkorm"dtzGJU?&efukefwdkif;a'oBuD;u &efukefwdkif;
tat;cef;puf½Hk avQmufxm;EkdifaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkY jy|mef; a'oBu;D ? vIid o
f m,mNrKd Ue,f? rif;Bu;D r[mrif;acgifvrf;&Sd Gallant tat;cef;puf½Hk
ESifh xm;jcif;aMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&; Ocean tat;cef;puf½y kH ikd &f iS Ef iS hf tvkyof rm; a':vSvw S Ykd jzpfymG ; ESifh
cHkorm"daumifpD wpf&yf&yfukd &,l&eftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhEkdif aom tjiif;yGm;rIwGif a':vSvStm; tvkyfjyefvnfcefYtyf&efESifh cHkorm"daumifpD
yg 3 yg 3
onf[k usOf;ajrmif;pGm t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&efr[kwfay/ tvkyx f w
k o
f nfah eY (5-1-2015) rSpí tvkyjf yefvnfceft Y yfonfh
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef; (6)? yk'fr 296 wGif aeYtxd aemufqHk;xkwfvpm (OT ryg) EIef;jzifh wGufcsufí
jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf pmcRefawmftrdefY (5) rsdK;udk Mum;umvepfemaMu;ay;&ef qH;k jzwfco hJ nf/ tqkyd gqH;k jzwfcsuu f kd
xkwfykdifcGihftmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ xkdodkY jy|mef;&mü cHkorm"daumifpDu twnfjyKcJhonf/
tcef; (8) yg tcGihfta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;u cHkorm"d
xkwfqifhEkdifonf[k uefYowfxm;jcif;r&Sday/ aumifpD\ tzGJU0iftjzpfyg0ifol OD;aX;onf tvkyform;ta&;
aqmif&u G af eoljzpfNy;D tajccHtvkyo f rm;tzGUJ tpnf; wnfaxmif
avQmufxm;oltwGuf - OD;ol&Ekid ?f w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
&mwGif yg0ifow l pfO;D jzpfonf[ak zmfjyxm;aomfvnf; ,if;tcsuf
trSwf (1) (2) avQmufxm; - a':vJhvJh0if;? ñTefMum;a&;rSL;
ESihf pyfvsO;f í oufaotaxmuftxm; wpfpw kH pf&mwifjyxm;jcif;
cH&olrsm;twGuf jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf½Hk;
r&Sad Mumif;? OD;aX;onf cHo k rm"daumifprD zGUJ pnf;rD (12) vtwGi;f
trSwf (3) avQmufxm;cH&ol - udk,fwkdif
tqdkyg tvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;wGif wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhol
twGuf
r[kwaf Mumif;ESihf tvkyo f rm;tzGUJ tpnf; zGUJ pnf;wnfaxmif&mwGif
a':0if;0if;ckid f Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½ykH idk &f iS f
yg0ifolr[kwfaMumif;? cHkorm"daumifpDukd tvkyform;a&;&m
u ¤if;\tcGifh&ukd,fpm;vS,f OD;ausmfaZ,srSwqifh cHkorm"d
248 245
2015 tjiif;yGm;rIajz&Sif;a&; Oya'yk'fr 19? enf;Oya' 22 ESifhtnD w&m;rtaxG a xG a vQmuf x m;rI + 2015 ckESpf
a':0if;0if;ckdif 'DZifbmv 7 &uf
zGUJ pnf;xm;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? a':vSvo S nf tvkyof rm;ñTeMf um;a&;
(ykdif&Sif)
(¤if;\tcGihf&
OD;pD;Xme\ w&m;0ifzdwfMum;csuft& cGifhwdkifMum;NyD; w&m;0if jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf OD;xGef;xGef;OD;
udk,fpm;vS,f oif w ef ; wuf a &muf c J h j cif ; jzpf a Mumif ; ? avQmuf x m;ol o nf jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;rsm;jzpfMuaom
OD;ausmfaZ,s) tvkyform;ESifh tvkyfcefYxm;rIqdkif&m oabmwlpmcsKyf csKyfqdk OD ; pk d ; ñG e f Y ES i f h OD ; atmif a Zmf o d e f ; wk d Y a &S U wG i f
Gallant Ocean
ay;&efysuu f u
G cf ahJ Mumif;? a':vSvu S sL;vGeo
f nfqakd om jypfrrI sm;
tat;cef;puf½Hk
ESiphf yfvsO;f í puf½u kH a':vSvt S m; owday;cJjh cif;r&Sb
d J tvkyrf S a':0if ; 0if ; ck d i f (yk d i f & S i f )
ESifh
cHkorm"daumifpD xkwfy,fcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;? cHkorm"daumifpD\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf (¤if ; \tcG i h f & ud k , f p m;vS , f OD ; ausmf a Z,s)
yg 3 tvkyform;a&;&mtjiif;yGm;rIajz&Sif;a&;enf;Oya' 23? 25 Gallant Ocean tat;cef;puf½Hk
wdEYk iS t
hf nD csrw
S af qmif&u G cf jhJ cif;jzpfaomaMumifh avQmufxm;ol\ ES i f h
trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhay;yg&ef avQmufxm;csuftm;
cH k o rm"d a umif p D yg 33*
y,fonfhtrdefY csrSwfoifhygaMumif; avQmufvJwifjyonf/
trSwf (3) avQmufxm;cH&ol a':vSvSu Gallant jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf \ pmcRef a wmf t rd e f Y
Ocean tat;cef;puf½Hk? tajccHtvkyform;tzGJUtpnf;onf xkwfqifhEkdifcGihftmPm? zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef;
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252 249
2015 r[kwfaMumif;? a':vSvStm; tvkyfxkwfjcif;rSm ckdifvHkaom oabmwlpmcsKyu f kd ,aeYwikd f rcsKyq

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taxmuftxm;r&Sad Mumif;oH;k oyfí a':vSvt S m; tvkycf efx
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250 251
2015 tvkyrf qif;aMumif;rSww f rf;ESihf 2-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f a':vSvS aumif p D \ qH k ; jzwf c suf o nf trI w G J a y:ayguf c suf r sm;ES i f h 2015
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Gallant Ocean
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aqmif&Gufjcif;r&SdbJ qufvufvkyfaqmifaeojzifh 5-1-2015 tvkyf0ifa&mufrIudk wm;qD;jcif;? 30-12-2014 &ufaeYwGif cGifhrJh
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250 251
2015 tvkyrf qif;aMumif;rSww f rf;ESihf 2-10-2014 &ufaeYwiG f a':vSvS aumif p D \ qH k ; jzwf c suf o nf trI w G J a y:ayguf c suf r sm;ES i f h 2015
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Gallant Ocean
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aqmif&Gufjcif;r&SdbJ qufvufvkyfaqmifaeojzifh 5-1-2015 tvkyf0ifa&mufrIudk wm;qD;jcif;? 30-12-2014 &ufaeYwGif cGifhrJh
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2015 r[kwfaMumif;? a':vSvStm; tvkyfxkwfjcif;rSm ckdifvHkaom oabmwlpmcsKyu f kd ,aeYwikd f rcsKyq

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tvkyo f rm;ta&;aqmif&u G af eoljzpfNy;D tajccHtvkyo f rm; tzGUJ
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2015 qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;tay: trIac:pmcReaf wmftrdeYf xkwq

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2015 tvkyform;a':vSvSonf 23-12-2014 &ufaeYwGif xdkYtjyif vIdifom,mNrdKUe,f ñdSEIdif;jzefajza&;tzGJU 2015

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2015 tvkyform;a':vSvSonf 23-12-2014 &ufaeYwGif xdkYtjyif vIdifom,mNrdKUe,f ñdSEIdif;jzefajza&;tzGJU 2015

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vTwfawmfcsKyfu ueOD;trdefYcsrSwfcJhjcif;onf Oya'ESifhtnD jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
udk,fpm;vS,f aqmif&GufcJhjcif;jzpfí w&m;pD&ifa&;wdrf;apmif;&m usa&mufjcif; OD ; pk d ; ñG e f Y a &S U wG i f
OD;ausmfaZ,s) r&Sdacs/
Gallant Ocean OD;atmifodef; yg 4
tat;cef;puf½Hk
trSwf(3) avQmufxm;cH&ol a':vSvSu ¤if;\
ESifh jyef M um;tpD & if c H p mwG i f jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf r S ES i f h
cHkorm"daumifpD avQmufxm;ol\ avQmufxm;vTmtay: ueOD;trdefYcsrSwfcJhjcif; a':od * Ð x G e f ; *
yg 3 onf w&m;pD&ifa&;wdrf;apmif;&m usa&mufapaMumif; a&;om;
azmfjyxm;jcif;onf w&m;½Hk;rsm;rxDrJhjrifjyK&m a&muf ra&muf y pö n f ;cG
; cGJ a 0ay;apvk d r I ü tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k w&m;vk d E S i h f
pdppf&ef taMumif;tay:aygufaeojzifh tqdkygudpö&yftay: w&m;Nyd K if w k d Y o nf tusd K ;cH p m;rI od k Y r [k w f tcG i h f
oD;jcm;aqmif&GufrnfjzpfaMumif; rSwfcsufjyKvdkufonf/ ta&;tnD t rQ&S d r I E S i f h t nD vuf & S d j zpf r I w k d Y v k d o nf
[k pD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xHk;zGJUxm;cJh&m tnDtrQ[laom
txufygtaMumif;rsm;aMumifh þw&m;rtaxGaxG
a0g[m&onf wd u srI r &S d j cif ; ? tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f tnD
avQmufxm;rIudk y,fonf/
trQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJykdif&Sif
a&SUaep&dwf usyf 15000^- owfrSwfonf/ rsm;\ tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f w k d Y aygif ; pnf ; rI & S d j cif ; ud k
qk d v d k N yD ; tnDtrQvuf&SdjzpfrI (Unity of possession)
* 2015 ckESpf? w&m;rjyifqifrItrSwf 1

+ 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 2 wGif csrSwfaom 2014 ckESpf? 'DZifbmv
15 &ufpGJyg rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\trdefYudk jyifqifrI/
258 259
2015 xdkYaMumifh avQmufxm;ol\ trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY w&m;rjyif q if r I + 2015 ckESpf

a':0if;0if;ckdif Zlvkdifv 20 &uf
xk w f q if h a y;&ef avQmuf x m;vT m tay: jynf a xmif p k w &m;
(ykdif&Sif)
(¤if;\tcGihf&
vTwfawmfcsKyfu ueOD;trdefYcsrSwfcJhjcif;onf Oya'ESifhtnD jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;
udk,fpm;vS,f aqmif&GufcJhjcif;jzpfí w&m;pD&ifa&;wdrf;apmif;&m usa&mufjcif; OD ; pk d ; ñG e f Y a &S U wG i f
OD;ausmfaZ,s) r&Sdacs/
Gallant Ocean OD;atmifodef; yg 4
tat;cef;puf½Hk
trSwf(3) avQmufxm;cH&ol a':vSvSu ¤if;\
ESifh jyef M um;tpD & if c H p mwG i f jynf a xmif p k w &m;vT w f a wmf c sKyf r S ES i f h
cHkorm"daumifpD avQmufxm;ol\ avQmufxm;vTmtay: ueOD;trdefYcsrSwfcJhjcif; a':od * Ð x G e f ; *
yg 3 onf w&m;pD&ifa&;wdrf;apmif;&m usa&mufapaMumif; a&;om;
azmfjyxm;jcif;onf w&m;½Hk;rsm;rxDrJhjrifjyK&m a&muf ra&muf y pö n f ;cG
; cGJ a 0ay;apvk d r I ü tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k w&m;vk d E S i h f
pdppf&ef taMumif;tay:aygufaeojzifh tqdkygudpö&yftay: w&m;Nyd K if w k d Y o nf tusd K ;cH p m;rI od k Y r [k w f tcG i h f
oD;jcm;aqmif&GufrnfjzpfaMumif; rSwfcsufjyKvdkufonf/ ta&;tnD t rQ&S d r I E S i f h t nD vuf & S d j zpf r I w k d Y v k d o nf
[k pD&ifxHk;rsm;wGif xHk;zGJUxm;cJh&m tnDtrQ[laom
txufygtaMumif;rsm;aMumifh þw&m;rtaxGaxG
a0g[m&onf wd u srI r &S d j cif ; ? tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f tnD
avQmufxm;rIudk y,fonf/
trQ&SdrI (Unity of interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJykdif&Sif
a&SUaep&dwf usyf 15000^- owfrSwfonf/ rsm;\ tusd K ;cH p m;cG i h f w k d Y aygif ; pnf ; rI & S d j cif ; ud k
qk d v d k N yD ; tnDtrQvuf&SdjzpfrI (Unity of possession)
* 2015 ckESpf? w&m;rjyifqifrItrSwf 1

+ 2014 ckESpf? w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 2 wGif csrSwfaom 2014 ckESpf? 'DZifbmv
15 &ufpGJyg rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\trdefYudk jyifqifrI/
260 257
2015 qkdonfrSm ESpfOD; odkYr[kwf ESpfOD;xufyky kd o l r sm;onf ,if;yk'rf rsm;yg jyXmef;csurf sm;rSm xdt
k cef;u ay;tyf 2015
OD;atmifodef; yg 4 a':0if;0if;ckdif
tcsif ; jzpf y pö n f ; ud k rcG J a 0&ao;aomtpk r sm; xm;onfh tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yfudk &,lvdkvQif pmcRefawmftrdefY
ESifh (ykdif&Sif)
a':od*ÐxGef;
tavsmuf v uf & S d j zpf j cif ; aygif ; pnf ; rI u d k q k d v k d j cif ; / avQmufxm;EdkifaMumif; jy|mef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkYjy|mef;
(¤if;\tcGihf&
qHk;jzwfcsuf/ / a':MunfMunfZif (c) 0kdiftkdvufvif;ESifh xm;aomaMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tcef;(8)yg tcGifhta&; udk,fpm;vS,f
a':0d B ud e f (¤if ; \taxG a xG u d k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol OD ; rsd K ;cif ) wpf&yf&yfudk &,l&eftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefYxkwfqifhEdkif OD;ausmfaZ,s)
onf[k usOf;ajrmif;pGm t"dyÜm,faumuf,l&efr[kwfay/ Gallant Ocean
trI? armifbwlESifh roufpk trI? OD;befpGrf;ESifh a':oD yg 6 tat;cef;puf½Hk
trIrsm;wGif ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd üI tcsi;f jzpfypön;f udk w&m;vkEd iS fh zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' tcef; (6)? yk'fr 296 wGif ESifh
w&m;NydKifrsm; tusdK;cHpm;rI odkYr[kwf tcGihfta&;tnDtrQ&SdrI jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonf pmcRefawmftrdefY (5) rsdK;ukd cHkorm"daumifpD
jzpf&efvkdonf/ xkdYjyif tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif w&m;vdkESifh w&m;NydKif xkwfykdifcGifhtmPm&SdaMumif; jy|mef;xm;onf/ xdkodkYjy|mef;&mü yg 3
wkdYonf tnDtrQ vufa&muf&&efvdkonf[k xHk;zGJUxm;onf/ tcef; (8) yg tcGifhta&;wpf&yf&yftwGufom pmcRefawmftrdefY

xkdtrIrsm;ü &nfñTef; aom tusdK;cHpm;cGifhtnDtrQ&SdrI (Unity of xkwfqifh Edkifonf[k uefYowfxm;jcif;r&Sday/
interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJydkif&Sifrsm;\ tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;
w&m;½H;k wpf½;kH ½H;k odrYk [kwf w&m;pD&ifrI oabmobm0
aygif;pnf;rI&MdS ujcif;udq
k v
dk dk onf/ tnDtrQvuf&jdS zpfrI (Unity of &Sdonfh udpö&yfwpfckck\ qHk;jzwfaqmif&Gufcsufonf Oya'ESifh
possession) [laom pum;&yfrSm ESpfOD; odkYr[kwf ESpfOD;xuf
nDñw G rf QwrIr&Sad Mumif; pdppfawGU&S&d ygu xdq k ;kH jzwfaqmif&u
G cf suf
ydkaomolrsm;onf ajrtaqmufttHkwpf&yfwnf;udk rcGJa0 udk Oya'ESifhnDñGwfap&ef trIac:pmcRefawmftrdefY xkwfqifhEdkif
&ao;aom tpkrsm;tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIudk onf/
qkdvkdonf/ tpktoD;oD; (tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;) aygif;pnf;
pmcRefawmftrdefYavQmufxm;rIrsm;qdkif&m enf;Oya'
xm;aom? zGJUpnf;xm;aom ajr? taqmufttHk ponfwkdYwGif
rsm; 51 t& jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf ueOD;Mum;em
ykdifqkdifolrsm;\ taetxm;? tpkrsm;wlnDjcif; &SdEkdifonfhenf;wl
qHk;jzwfa&;tzGJUonf rdrdoabmt&jzpfap? avQmufxm;oltm;
rwluGJjym;jcif;vnf; &SdEkdifonfjzpf&m tnDtrQqkdaom a0g[m&
Mum;emíjzpfap avQmufxm;cH&olxH taMumif;jyap&ef ueOD;
onf wdusrIr&SdEkdifay/
qHk;jzwfcsuf csay;Edkifonf/
264 261
2015 w&m;vdkESihf w&m;NydKifrsm; tusKd;cHpm;rI okdYr[kwf tcGihf ta&; w&m;vk d \ tqk d v T m ygtcsuf r sm;t& w&m;vd k 2015
OD;atmifodef; yg 4 OD;atmifodef; yg 4
tnDtrQ&Sd&efvdkaMumif;? xkdYjyif tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif w&m;vkd ESifh a':od*ÐxGef;onf ¤if;\cifyGef; OD;atmifEkdifOD; ruG,fvGefrDu
ESifh ESifh
a':od*ÐxGef; w&m;NydKifwkdYonf tnDtrQ vuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k qHk;jzwfxm; trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;atmifodef;? ta': a':wifatmifwkdYESihf
a':od*ÐxGef;
aMumif;? a':aX;aX;&if yg 2 ESihf OD;ausmfaZm yg 3 trI(5)? twl (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; vkyfukdifaqmif&GufcJhonfh pdef
a':cifjrifh ESihf a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 trI(6) wkdYwGif tqkdtacst& a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS jzpfxGef;vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;tm;
qHk;jzwf&onfqkd&mü tqkdvTmESifh 0efcHxm;onfh acsvTmwkdYudk wpfO;D vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD cGaJ 0cHpm;&,l&ef oabmwlncD sut f wkid ;f
&nfñTef;aMumif;? tqkdvTmwGif w&m;vkdESihf w&m;NydKifwkdYonf tusdK;jzpfxGef;vmonfh (aemufqufwGJ-u) ESihf (aemufqufwGJ-
wlnDaomtusdK;cHpm;cGifhESihf wlnDaomvuf&Sdxm;rI&SdaMumif; c) yg ypönf;rsm;udk ¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifaMumif;?
azmfjyrxm;ojzihf w&m;vdkpGJqdkonfh trIyHkpHrrSefaomaMumifh ,if;ypönf;rsm;\ 3 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef tqkdjyKum oufomcGihf
Oya'qkdif&mjiif;csuftay: rlv½Hk;w&m;vdkbufokdY tomay; awmif;qkdxm;jcif;onf w&m;vkdawmif;qkdonfh ypönf;cGJa0
ajzqdkcJhjcif;rSm Oya't&vnf;aumif;? taMumif;jcif;&mt& ay;apvkdrIwGif jynfhpHk&efvkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;jzpfonfh yl;wGJ
vnf;aumif; rSm;,Gif;aeojzifh þjyifqifrIudk vufcHcGifhjyKNyD; ykdif&Sifrsm;\ tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm; aygif;pnf;rIESihf rcGJa0&ao;aom
rlvrEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\trdefYudk y,fzsufNyD; tpkrsm; tavsmuf vuf&jdS zpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIwYdk azmfjyyg&Sad Mumif;
tqkdvTmudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ pdppfawGU&S&d ojzifh w&m;vk\ d tqkv d mT wGif tqkjd yKxm;onfh tcsuf
avQmufxm;cH&ol\a&SUaeu tqkdvTmtykd'f (1) (4) rsm;onf w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrItwGuf nDñGwf
(5) wkdYwGif udkatmifEkdifOD;rSm trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif\ om;t&if; jynfhpHk&ef vkdtyfonfht*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI&SdaMumif; awGU&Sd&
jzpfaMumif;? udak tmifEidk Of ;D ESifh w&m;vdw
k o
Ydk nf jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf; onf/ xdkYaMumifh w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh trIyHkpHrSm rSm;,Gif;rIr&Sday/
ESihftnD 31-5-1998 aeYu vufxyfaygif;oif;cJh&m orD; avQmufxm;olrsm;twGuf - a':oif;oif;&D?
ro'´gwifwiftm; arG;zGm;cJah Mumif;? w&m;vdrk mS ½ky&f iS f o½kyaf qmif w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
wpfOD;jzpfaeí udkatmifEkdifOD;\ aqGrsdK;rdbrsm;u oabmrwl avQmufxm;cH&oltwGuf - OD;xGe;f a0? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
(6) 1996 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-5/ rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2014 ckESpf?
262 263
2015 w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 2 wGif avQmufxm;cH&ol a':od*ÐxGef;u ypön;f rsm;ESihf aemufqufwJG (c) yg a&TUajymif;Ekid af omypön;f rsm;rSm 2015
avQmuf x m;ol OD ; atmif o d e f ; ? a':a&T p if r d ? a':a&T p if t d ? rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k \ vuf 0 ,f w G i f r &S d a Mumif ; ay:vG i f x if & S m ;
ESifh ESifh
a':a&TpifNrdKifwkdY (4) OD; tay: ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrI pGJqkdonf/ aeaMumif;? tqkdvTmtykd'f (17) wGif trSwf (2) (3) (4)
a':od*ÐxGef; a':od*ÐxGef;
,if;trIwGif Oya'qkdif&mjiif;csuftm; ]]trIudk þyHkpHtwkdif; w&m;NydKifrsm;rSm a':wifatmif\ w&m;0ifudwådrom;orD;rsm;
pGJqkdcGihfr&Sd[k rqkdEkdifaMumif;}} ajzqkdtrdefYcsrSwfcJhonf/ tqkdyg jzpfaMumif;? aemufqufwGJ (u) ESihf (c) yg ypönf;rsm;rSm ¤if;wkdY\
trdeu Yf kd avQmufxm;olrsm; (rlv½H;k w&m;NyKd irf sm;) u rauseyfojzihf vuf0,fwiG &f adS eaMumif; azmfjytqdjk yKcsut f & avQmufxm;olrsm;
þjyifqifrIudk avQmufxm;vmjcif;jzpfonf/ ESihf avQmufxm;cH&olwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;wGif twlyl;wGJ
ykdifqdkifrIESihf yl;wGJvuf&SdjzpfrIr&Sdonfhtavsmuf ypönf;cGJa0
rlv rEÅav;wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfu w&m;vdk
ay;apvkrd I pGqJ akd omtrIypkH rH mS rSeu
f efjcif;r&Sad Mumif;? tqkv d mT tyk'd f
ESifh udkatmifEkdifOD;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;ESifhtnD vufxyf
(4) ES i f h (5) wk d Y t & rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k E S i h f uk d a tmif E d k i f O D ; wk d Y
aygif;oif;aMumif;? udkatmifEkdifOD;onf pdefa&mif;0,fa&;tusdK;wl
vufxyfcJhonfh 1998 ckESpfuwnf;u tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;wGif
vkyfief;udk a':wifatmif? OD;atmifodef;wkdYESifhtwl vkyfukdif
cJhaMumif; xif&Sm;pGm jyo&efvkdtyfaMumif;? xkdtaMumif;jcif;&m w&m;vdo k nfvnf;aumif;? cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D onfvnf;aumif;
tcsuftvufrsm;rSm tqkdvTmyg w&m;vdk\ azmfjyxm;csuf wlnDaom vuf&Sd xm;rI r&SdonfrSm ay:vGifaMumif;? OD;zkef;0if;?
rQom&Sdao;aMumif;? azmfjyygtcsuftvufrsm; rSefuefygu a':,l Z marmf x G e f ; ? OD ; &J x G e f ; ES i h f '*H k t if w mae&S i f e ,f
awmif;qkad om oufomcGiu fh kd w&m;vd&k Ekid af Mumif;? w&m;vko d nf vDrdwuftrI(1)? a':MunfMunfZif (c) 0kdiftkdvufvif; ESifh
¤if;awmif;qkad om oufomcGiu fh &kd Ekid v
f Qif trIypkH rH mS ;,Gi;f onf[k a':0d B ud e f (¤if ; \taxG a xG u d k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol OD ; rsd K ;cif )
aumuf,El idk rf nfr[kwaf Mumif; oH;k oyfum oufomcGiafh wmif;onfh trI(2)? armifbwl ESihf roufpktrI(3)? OD;befpGrf; ESihf a':oD
trIyHkpHtwkdif; w&m;pGJqkdEkdifcGifhr&Sd[k rqdkEkdifaMumif; ajzqdktrdefY yg 6 trI(4) wkdYwGif ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvdkrIwGif tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk
csrw S cf o
hJ nf/
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tqkv d mT t& rlv½H;k w&m;vdak wmif;qkad eonfh aemufqufwJG (u) (3) 5 &efukef? pm-785/
yg a':wifatmiftrnfjzifh 0,f,yl idk qf idk o
f nfh ra&TUajymif;Ekid af om (4) 1967 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-525/
262 263
2015 w&m;rBuD;rItrSwf 2 wGif avQmufxm;cH&ol a':od*ÐxGef;u ypön;f rsm;ESihf aemufqufwJG (c) yg a&TUajymif;Ekid af omypön;f rsm;rSm 2015
avQmuf x m;ol OD ; atmif o d e f ; ? a':a&T p if r d ? a':a&T p if t d ? rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k \ vuf 0 ,f w G i f r &S d a Mumif ; ay:vG i f x if & S m ;
ESifh ESifh
a':a&TpifNrdKifwkdY (4) OD; tay: ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrI pGJqkdonf/ aeaMumif;? tqkdvTmtykd'f (17) wGif trSwf (2) (3) (4)
,if;trIwGif Oya'qkdif&mjiif;csuftm; ]]trIudk þyHkpHtwkdif; w&m;NydKifrsm;rSm a':wifatmif\ w&m;0ifudwådrom;orD;rsm;
pGJqkdcGihfr&Sd[k rqkdEkdifaMumif;}} ajzqkdtrdefYcsrSwfcJhonf/ tqkdyg jzpfaMumif;? aemufqufwGJ (u) ESihf (c) yg ypönf;rsm;rSm ¤if;wkdY\
trdeu Yf kd avQmufxm;olrsm; (rlv½H;k w&m;NyKd irf sm;) u rauseyfojzihf vuf0,fwiG &f adS eaMumif; azmfjytqdjk yKcsut f & avQmufxm;olrsm;
þjyifqifrIudk avQmufxm;vmjcif;jzpfonf/ ESihf avQmufxm;cH&olwkdYonf tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;wGif twlyl;wGJ
ykdifqdkifrIESihf yl;wGJvuf&SdjzpfrIr&Sdonfhtavsmuf ypönf;cGJa0
rlv rEÅav;wkid ;f a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfu w&m;vdk
ay;apvkrd I pGqJ akd omtrIypkH rH mS rSeu
f efjcif;r&Sad Mumif;? tqkv d mT tyk'd f
ESifh udkatmifEkdifOD;onf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;ESifhtnD vufxyf
(4) ES i f h (5) wk d Y t & rl v ½H k ; w&m;vd k E S i h f uk d a tmif E d k i f O D ; wk d Y
aygif;oif;aMumif;? udkatmifEkdifOD;onf pdefa&mif;0,fa&;tusdK;wl
vufxyfcJhonfh 1998 ckESpfuwnf;u tcsif;jzpfypönf;rsm;wGif
vkyfief;udk a':wifatmif? OD;atmifodef;wkdYESifhtwl vkyfukdif
cJhaMumif; xif&Sm;pGm jyo&efvkdtyfaMumif;? xkdtaMumif;jcif;&m w&m;vdo k nfvnf;aumif;? cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D onfvnf;aumif;
tcsuftvufrsm;rSm tqkdvTmyg w&m;vdk\ azmfjyxm;csuf wlnDaom vuf&Sd xm;rI r&SdonfrSm ay:vGifaMumif;? OD;zkef;0if;?
rQom&Sdao;aMumif;? azmfjyygtcsuftvufrsm; rSefuefygu a':,l Z marmf x G e f ; ? OD ; &J x G e f ; ES i h f '*H k t if w mae&S i f e ,f
awmif;qkad om oufomcGiu fh kd w&m;vd&k Ekid af Mumif;? w&m;vko d nf vDrdwuftrI(1)? a':MunfMunfZif (c) 0kdiftkdvufvif; ESifh
¤if;awmif;qkad om oufomcGiu fh &kd Ekid v
f Qif trIypkH rH mS ;,Gi;f onf[k a':0d B ud e f (¤if ; \taxG a xG u d k , f p m;vS , f p m&ol OD ; rsd K ;cif )
aumuf,El idk rf nfr[kwaf Mumif; oH;k oyfum oufomcGiafh wmif;onfh trI(2)? armifbwl ESihf roufpktrI(3)? OD;befpGrf; ESihf a':oD
trIyHkpHtwkdif; w&m;pGJqkdEkdifcGifhr&Sd[k rqdkEkdifaMumif; ajzqdktrdefY yg 6 trI(4) wkdYwGif ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvdkrIwGif tcsif;jzpfypönf;udk
csrw S cf o
hJ nf/
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tqkv d mT t& rlv½H;k w&m;vdak wmif;qkad eonfh aemufqufwJG (u) (3) 5 &efukef? pm-785/
yg a':wifatmiftrnfjzifh 0,f,yl idk qf idk o
f nfh ra&TUajymif;Ekid af om (4) 1967 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-525/
264 261
2015 w&m;vdkESihf w&m;NydKifrsm; tusKd;cHpm;rI okdYr[kwf tcGihf ta&; w&m;vk d \ tqk d v T m ygtcsuf r sm;t& w&m;vd k 2015
tnDtrQ&Sd&efvdkaMumif;? xkdYjyif tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif w&m;vkd ESifh a':od*ÐxGef;onf ¤if;\cifyGef; OD;atmifEkdifOD; ruG,fvGefrDu
ESifh ESifh
a':od*ÐxGef; w&m;NydKifwkdYonf tnDtrQ vuf&Sdjzpf&efvkdonf[k qHk;jzwfxm; trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif OD;atmifodef;? ta': a':wifatmifwkdYESihf
a':od*ÐxGef;
aMumif;? a':aX;aX;&if yg 2 ESihf OD;ausmfaZm yg 3 trI(5)? twl (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; vkyfukdifaqmif&GufcJhonfh pdef
a':cifjrifh ESihf a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 trI(6) wkdYwGif tqkdtacst& a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS jzpfxGef;vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;tm;
qHk;jzwf&onfqkd&mü tqkdvTmESifh 0efcHxm;onfh acsvTmwkdYudk wpfO;D vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD cGaJ 0cHpm;&,l&ef oabmwlncD sut f wkid ;f
&nfñTef;aMumif;? tqkdvTmwGif w&m;vkdESihf w&m;NydKifwkdYonf tusdK;jzpfxGef;vmonfh (aemufqufwGJ-u) ESihf (aemufqufwGJ-
wlnDaomtusdK;cHpm;cGifhESihf wlnDaomvuf&Sdxm;rI&SdaMumif; c) yg ypönf;rsm;udk ¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifaMumif;?
azmfjyrxm;ojzihf w&m;vdkpGJqdkonfh trIyHkpHrrSefaomaMumifh ,if;ypönf;rsm;\ 3 yHk 1 yHkudk cGJa0ay;&ef tqkdjyKum oufomcGihf
Oya'qkdif&mjiif;csuftay: rlv½Hk;w&m;vdkbufokdY tomay; awmif;qkdxm;jcif;onf w&m;vkdawmif;qkdonfh ypönf;cGJa0
ajzqdkcJhjcif;rSm Oya't&vnf;aumif;? taMumif;jcif;&mt& ay;apvkdrIwGif jynfhpHk&efvkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;jzpfonfh yl;wGJ
vnf;aumif; rSm;,Gif;aeojzifh þjyifqifrIudk vufcHcGifhjyKNyD; ykdif&Sifrsm;\ tusdK;cHpm;cGihfrsm; aygif;pnf;rIESihf rcGJa0&ao;aom
rlvrEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\trdefYudk y,fzsufNyD; tpkrsm; tavsmuf vuf&jdS zpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIwYdk azmfjyyg&Sad Mumif;
tqkdvTmudk p&dwfESifhwuG yvyfay;&ef avQmufvJwifjyonf/ pdppfawGU&S&d ojzifh w&m;vk\ d tqkv d mT wGif tqkjd yKxm;onfh tcsuf
avQmufxm;cH&ol\a&SUaeu tqkdvTmtykd'f (1) (4) rsm;onf w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh ypönf;cGJa0ay;apvkdrItwGuf nDñGwf
(5) wkdYwGif udkatmifEkdifOD;rSm trSwf (1) w&m;NydKif\ om;t&if; jynfhpHk&ef vkdtyfonfht*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI&SdaMumif; awGU&Sd&
jzpfaMumif;? udak tmifEidk Of ;D ESifh w&m;vdw
k o
Ydk nf jrefrm"avhx;kH wrf; onf/ xdkYaMumifh w&m;vkdpGJqkdonfh trIyHkpHrSm rSm;,Gif;rIr&Sday/
ESihftnD 31-5-1998 aeYu vufxyfaygif;oif;cJh&m orD; avQmufxm;olrsm;twGuf - a':oif;oif;&D?
ro'´gwifwiftm; arG;zGm;cJah Mumif;? w&m;vdrk mS ½ky&f iS f o½kyaf qmif w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae
wpfOD;jzpfaeí udkatmifEkdifOD;\ aqGrsdK;rdbrsm;u oabmrwl avQmufxm;cH&oltwGuf - OD;xGe;f a0? w&m;vTwaf wmfa&SUae
(6) 1996 ckESpf? jrefrmEkdifiHw&m;pD&ifxHk;? pm-5/ rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf? 2014 ckESpf?
268 265
2015 ypönf; (aemufqufwGJ-c) jzpfonfh pdef&wemypönf;rsm; jzpfxGef; onfhjyif orD; ro'´gwifwifudkvnf; aoG;om;&if;csmtjzpf tod 2015
usef&pfcJhaMumif;? _ _}} tqkdjyKxm;onfudk awGU&onf/ trSwfjyKjcif;r&SdbJ pGefYypfxm;aMumif;? tqkdvTmtykd'f (6) (7) (8)
ESifh ESifh
a':od*ÐxGef; a':Munf M unf Z if (c) 0k d i f t k d v uf v if ; ES i h f wkdYwGif ukdatmifEkdifOD; touf 14 ESpfom;t&G,f 1983 ckESpf
a':od*ÐxGef;
a':0dBudef (¤if;\taxGaxGudk,fpm;vS,fpm&ol OD;rsdK;cif) trI? 0ef;usifcefYuwnf;u OD;atmifodef;? a':wifatmifwkdYESihftwl
armif b wl ES i f h rouf p k trI? OD ; bef p G r f ; ES i f h a':OD yg 6 pdefa&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;udk twlyl;wGJvkyfaqmifcJhNyD; ¤if;wkdY
trIrsm;wGif ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd üI tcsi;f jzpfypön;f udk w&m;vdEk iS hf ESpOf ;D u aiGt&if;tES;D wpfppk D pku
d xf w k íf ukad tmifEidk Of ;D u vkyt
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w&m;NydKifrsm; tusdK;cHpm;rI okdYr[kwf tcGihfta&; tnDtrQ&SdrI t&if;tESD;wpfpkpkdufxkwfum &&Sdvmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;udk
jzpf&efvkdonf/ xkdYjyif tcsif;jzpfypönf;wGif w&m;vdkESihf w&m;NydKif ukdatmifEkdifOD;t&G,fa&mufonfhtcg wpfOD;vQif 3 yHk 1 yHkuspD
wkdYonf tnDtrQ vufa&muf&&efvkdonf[k xHk;zGJUxm;onf/ cGJa0 cHpm;&,lMu&ef oabmwlvkyfukdifcJhaMumif;? ¤if;wkdY (3) OD;
xkdtrIrsm;ü &nfñTef;aom tusdK;cHpm;cGifh tnDtrQ&SdrI (Unity of tusd K ;wl yl ; aygif ; aqmif & G u f c J h M uí tusd K ;pD ; yG m ;rsm;ES i h f
interest) qkdonfrSm yl;wGJykdif&Sifrsm;\ tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;
tjrwfaiGrsm;pGm jzpfxGef;cJhaMumif;? aemufqufwGJ (u) ESifh (c) yg
aygif;pnf;rI&SdMujcif;udk qkdvkdonf/ tnDtrQ vuf&SdjzpfrI (Unity ypönf;rsm;rSm udkatmifEkdifOD;? OD;atmifodef;? a':wifatmifwkdY (3)
of possession) [laom pum;&yfrSm ESpfOD; okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;xuf
OD ; tusd K ;wl yl ; aygif ; aqmif & G u f & mrS jzpf x G e f ; vmaom
ydkaomolrsm;onf ajrtaqmufttHkwpf&yfwnf;udk rcGJa0& ypön;f rsm;jzpfí wpfO;D vQif wpfppk D cGaJ 0cHpm;cGi&hf adS Mumif;? ,cktcg
ao;aom tpkrsm;tavsmuf vuf&Sdjzpfjcif; aygif;pnf;rIudkqkdvkd a':wifatmifESihf udkatmifEkdifOD;wkdY (2) OD; uG,fvGefMuNyD;jzpfí
onf/ tpktoD;oD; (tusdK;cHpm;ykdifcGihfrsm;) aygif;pnf;xm;aom? trSwf (2) (3) (4) w&m;NydKifESihf w&m;vdkwkdYrSm ¤if;wkdY\
zGUJ pnf;xm;aom ajr? taqmufttHk ponfwYdk wGif ykid q f idk o
f rl sm;\ tcGifhta&;toD;oD;udk qufcHcGihf&SdaMumif; tqkdjyKwifjycsuft&
taetxm;? tpkrsm;wlnDjcif; &SdEkdifonfhenf;wl rwluGJjym;jcif; ypön;f cGaJ 0ay;apvkrd I pGqJ x
kd m;onfh ,cktrIrmS trIypkH rH mS ;,Gi;f jcif;
vnf; &SdEkdifonfjzpf&m tnDtrQqdkaom a0g[m&onf wdusrI r&SdaMumif;? okdYjzpfí rEÅav;wkdif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf\
r&SdEkdifay/ trdeu Yf kd twnfjyKNy;D þjyifqifru I kd p&dwEf iS w
hf uG yvyfoifah Mumif;
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J Ekd idk f
266 267
2015 jcif; &Sd r&SdrSm tqkdtacswkdYt& qHk;jzwf&rnfhjyóemjzpfonf/ t&if ; jzpf o l a':wif a tmif w k d Y E S i f h t wl pd e f a &mif ; 0,f a &; 2015
ouf a ocH c suf r sm;&,l N yD ; rS qH k ; jzwf & rnf h j yóemr[k w f a y/ vkyif ef;udp&ö yfrsm;udk twly;l wGv J yk uf ikd af qmif&u
G cf o hJ jl zpfaMumif;?
ESifh ESifh
a':aX;aX;&if yg 2 ESifh OD;ausmfaZm yg 3 trIwGif Munfhyg/ xkdokdY vkyfukdifaqmif&Guf&mwGif ukdatmifEkdifOD; t&G,fa&mufonfh
trIyHkpH rSef rrSef pdppf&mü w&m;vkd\ tqkdvTmwGif tqkdjyK tcg OD;atmifodef;ESifh a':wifatmifwkdYu aiGt&if;tESD;wpfpkpD
xm;onf h t csuf r sm;ud k pG J q k d o nf h trI t rsd K ;tpm;tvd k u f pku
d x f w
k &f ef? udak tmifEidk Of ;D u vkyt f m;t&if;tES;D wpfpk pku d xf w k f
nDñGwfjynfhpHk&ef vkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI &Sd r&Sdudk &efESifh &&Sd vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;udk wpfOD;vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD
pdppf&rnf/ xkdokdY pdppf&mü acsvTmwGif 0efcHxm;onfhtcsufrsm; cGJa0cHpm;&,lMu&efudkvnf; oabmwlnDcsufrsm;t& vkyfukdif
udkvnf; xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;Ekdifonf/ xkdYaMumifh trIyHkpHrSefuefjcif; aqmif&GufcJhMu aMumif;? _ _ _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f (7) wGif
&Sd r&Sdudk tqkdtacsrsm;t& qHk;jzwf&onfqkd&mwGif tqkdvTmESifh ]]OD ; atmif o d e f ; wk d Y (3) OD ; pd e f a &mif ; 0,f a &;vk y f i ef ; rsm;ud k
0efcH xm;onfh acsvTmwkdYudk &nfñTef;onf/ a':cif j r ES i h f tusdK;wlyl;aygif;aqmif&GufcJhMu&m wGif tusdK;pD;yGm;rsm;pGmESihf
a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 trIwGifMunfhyg/ tjrwfaiGrsm;pGmwkdY jzpfxGef;cJhMuaMumif;? _ _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f (8)
rl v ½H k ; w&m;Nyd K if r sm;\ acsvT m wG i f w&m;vd k \ wGif ]]¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; &SmazGNyD; jzpfxGef;cJhMuonfh
tqkdvTmyg tqkdjyKcsufrsm;tm; jiif;qdkacsyxm;ojzifh rlv½Hk; ypönf;rsm;tay:wGif a':wifatmifrSm touft&G,ftBuD;qHk;
w&m;vdk\ tqkdvTmyg tqkdjyKcsufoufoufukdom pdppfMunfh½I jzpfí jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& ¤if;tm; OD;xdyfyefqifNyD;
onfhtcg tqkdvTmtykd'f (4) wGif ]]OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 tqkdyg a':wifatmiftm; trnfcHapcJhaMumif;? a':wifatmif
w&m;NyKd i)f ESifh a':vSvNS rKd iw
f \Ydk om;t&if;jzpfol udak tmifEidk Of ;D ESihf trnf a yguf a eaomf v nf ; tqk d y gypö n f ; rsm;tay:wG i f
w&m;vdkwkdYonf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya'ESifhtnD 31-5-1998 w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D ? OD;atmifoed ;f ESifh a':wifatmifwYdk
aeY u tMuif v if r ,m;tjzpf vuf x yf a ygif ; oif ; cJ h & m (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifonfh ypönf;&yfrsm;omjzpf aMumif;? _ _
ro'´gwifwifqkdonfh orD;wpfOD; xGef;um;aMumif;? _ _ _}} _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f 12 wGif ]]OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 w&m;NydKif)?
tqkvd mT tyk'd f (6) wGif ]]w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D rSm touf a':wifatmifEiS hf udak tmifEidk Of ;D (w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f ? uG,v f eG o
f )l
(14) ESpfom;t&G,f 1983 ckESpfcefY 0ef;usif avmufuwnf;uyif wk d Y (3) OD ; tusd K ;wl y l ; aygif ; vk y f u d k i f & S m azG c J h M u&mwG i f
¤if;\zcif OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 w&m;NydKif)? ¤if;\ta': ra&TUajymif;Ekid af omypön;f (aemufqufw-JG u)? a&TUajymif;Ekid af om
266 267
2015 jcif; &Sd r&SdrSm tqkdtacswkdYt& qHk;jzwf&rnfhjyóemjzpfonf/ t&if ; jzpf o l a':wif a tmif w k d Y E S i f h t wl pd e f a &mif ; 0,f a &; 2015
ouf a ocH c suf r sm;&,l N yD ; rS qH k ; jzwf & rnf h j yóemr[k w f a y/ vkyif ef;udp&ö yfrsm;udk twly;l wGv J yk uf ikd af qmif&u
G cf o hJ jl zpfaMumif;?
ESifh ESifh
a':aX;aX;&if yg 2 ESifh OD;ausmfaZm yg 3 trIwGif Munfhyg/ xkdokdY vkyfukdifaqmif&Guf&mwGif ukdatmifEkdifOD; t&G,fa&mufonfh
trIyHkpH rSef rrSef pdppf&mü w&m;vkd\ tqkdvTmwGif tqkdjyK tcg OD;atmifodef;ESifh a':wifatmifwkdYu aiGt&if;tESD;wpfpkpD
xm;onf h t csuf r sm;ud k pG J q k d o nf h trI t rsd K ;tpm;tvd k u f pku
d x f w
k &f ef? udak tmifEidk Of ;D u vkyt f m;t&if;tES;D wpfpk pku d xf w k f
nDñGwfjynfhpHk&ef vkdtyfonfh t*Fg&yfrsm;ESihf udkufnDrI &Sd r&Sdudk &efESifh &&Sd vmonfh tusdK;tjrwfrsm;udk wpfOD;vQif 3 yHk 1 yHk uspD
pdppf&rnf/ xkdokdY pdppf&mü acsvTmwGif 0efcHxm;onfhtcsufrsm; cGJa0cHpm;&,lMu&efudkvnf; oabmwlnDcsufrsm;t& vkyfukdif
udkvnf; xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;Ekdifonf/ xkdYaMumifh trIyHkpHrSefuefjcif; aqmif&GufcJhMu aMumif;? _ _ _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f (7) wGif
&Sd r&Sdudk tqkdtacsrsm;t& qHk;jzwf&onfqkd&mwGif tqkdvTmESifh ]]OD ; atmif o d e f ; wk d Y (3) OD ; pd e f a &mif ; 0,f a &;vk y f i ef ; rsm;ud k
0efcH xm;onfh acsvTmwkdYudk &nfñTef;onf/ a':cif j r ES i h f tusdK;wlyl;aygif;aqmif&GufcJhMu&m wGif tusdK;pD;yGm;rsm;pGmESihf
a':jrifhjrifh yg 7 trIwGifMunfhyg/ tjrwfaiGrsm;pGmwkdY jzpfxGef;cJhMuaMumif;? _ _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f (8)
rl v ½H k ; w&m;Nyd K if r sm;\ acsvT m wG i f w&m;vd k \ wGif ]]¤if;wkdY (3) OD; tusdK;wlyl;aygif; &SmazGNyD; jzpfxGef;cJhMuonfh
tqkdvTmyg tqkdjyKcsufrsm;tm; jiif;qdkacsyxm;ojzifh rlv½Hk; ypönf;rsm;tay:wGif a':wifatmifrSm touft&G,ftBuD;qHk;
w&m;vdk\ tqkdvTmyg tqkdjyKcsufoufoufukdom pdppfMunfh½I jzpfí jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya't& ¤if;tm; OD;xdyfyefqifNyD;
onfhtcg tqkdvTmtykd'f (4) wGif ]]OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 tqkdyg a':wifatmiftm; trnfcHapcJhaMumif;? a':wifatmif
w&m;NyKd i)f ESifh a':vSvNS rKd iw
f \Ydk om;t&if;jzpfol udak tmifEidk Of ;D ESihf trnf a yguf a eaomf v nf ; tqk d y gypö n f ; rsm;tay:wG i f
w&m;vdkwkdYonf jrefrm"avhxHk;wrf;Oya'ESifhtnD 31-5-1998 w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D ? OD;atmifoed ;f ESifh a':wifatmifwYdk
aeY u tMuif v if r ,m;tjzpf vuf x yf a ygif ; oif ; cJ h & m (3) OD; tnDtrQykdifqkdifonfh ypönf;&yfrsm;omjzpf aMumif;? _ _
ro'´gwifwifqkdonfh orD;wpfOD; xGef;um;aMumif;? _ _ _}} _}} tqkdvTmtykd'f 12 wGif ]]OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 w&m;NydKif)?
tqkvd mT tyk'd f (6) wGif ]]w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f udak tmifEidk Of ;D rSm touf a':wifatmifEiS hf udak tmifEidk Of ;D (w&m;vd\ k cifyeG ;f ? uG,v f eG o
f )l
(14) ESpfom;t&G,f 1983 ckESpfcefY 0ef;usif avmufuwnf;uyif wk d Y (3) OD ; tusd K ;wl y l ; aygif ; vk y f u d k i f & S m azG c J h M u&mwG i f
¤if;\zcif OD;atmifodef; (trSwf 1 w&m;NydKif)? ¤if;\ta': ra&TUajymif;Ekid af omypön;f (aemufqufw-JG u)? a&TUajymif;Ekid af om
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2016 ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv

1/ OD;xGef;xGef;OD; B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf

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4/ OD;jrodrf; B.A. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;

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7/ OD;jrihf[ef B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;

1/ OD;xGef;xGef;OD; B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf

2/ OD;omaX; LL.B.(Advocate) jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;

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6/ OD;atmifaZmfodef; B.A.(Law).,LL.B. jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfw&m;olBuD;

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