NAME: ………………………………………………. ……… CLASS: ……………………...

TOPIC: CARBON COMPOUNDS

SECTION A

1. Rajah 1menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas kimia bermula daripada propan-1-ol.
Diagram 1 shows a series of chemical reactions starting from propan-1-ol.

(a) Nyatakan kumpulan berfungsi bagi propan-1-ol.

State the functional group of propan-1-ol.

……………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Nyatakan keadaan yang digunakan dalam Proses II.
State the conditions used in Process II.

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[2 marks]

(ii) Huraikan secara ringkas satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan sebatian P dan
sebatian Q.
Describe briefly a chemical test to differentiate between compound P and
compound Q.

………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………….

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[3 marks]
(c) Lukiskan formula struktur bagi sebatian R.
Draw the structural formula of compound R.

[1 mark]

(d) Dalam Proses IV, propan-1-ol bertindak balas dengan sebatian R menghasilkan sebatian S.
In Process IV, propan-1-ol reacts with compound R to produce compound S.
(i) Nyatakan nama bagi proses yang berlaku.
State the name of the process that occurred.

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[1 mark]

(ii) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

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[2 marks]

(iii) Nyatakan satu sifat istimewa bagi sebatian S itu.

State the one special characteristic of the compound S.

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[1 mark]

2. Rajah 2 menunjukkan siri pertukaran yang melibatkan alkohol J.

Diagram 2 shows a series of conversions that involves an alcohol, J.

(a) Formula molekul alkohol J ialah C4H9OH.

The molecular formula of alcohol J is C4H9OH.

(i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula molekul?

What is the meaning of molecular formula?

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[1 mark]
 (ii) Tuliskan formula am bagi siri homolog sebatian itu.
Write the general formula for the homologous series of the compound.

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[1 mark]

(b) Alkohol J mempunyai empat isomer.

Lukiskan formula struktur bagi dua isomer alcohol J.
Alcohol J has four isomers.
Draw the structural formulae of two isomers of alcohol J.

[2 marks]

(c) (i) Nyatakan nama bagi Proses I.

State the name of Process I.

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[1 mark]

(ii) Cadangkan satu reagen P yang boleh digunakan dalam Proses I.

Suggest one reagent P that can be used in Process I.

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[1 mark]

(iii) Nyatakan nama bagi sebatian K.

State the name of compound K

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[1 mark]

(d) Hidrokarbon J boleh dihasilkan melalui pendehidratan dengan memanaskan alkohol J dengan
aluminium oksida.
Hydrocarbon L can be produced through dehydration by heating alcohol J with aluminium
oxide.

(i) Lukis susunan radas untuk tindakbalas pendehidratan itu.

Draw a set-up of apparatus for the dehydration reaction.

[2 marks]
 (ii) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction.

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[1 mark]

SECTION B

1. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan penukaran sebatian karbon yang melibatkan beberapa siri tindakbalas
Diagram 1.1 shows changes of a carbon compound involving a series of reactions.

(a) Lukiskan formula struktur bagi dua isomer propanol.

Nyatakan nama kedua-dua isomer itu.
Draw the structural formulae of two isomers for propanol
State the name of both isomer
[4 marks]

(b) Berikut ialah maklumat tentang hidrokarbon P.

The information below is regarding hydrocarbon P.

Berdasarkan maklumat di atas

Based on the information above
(i) Tentukan formula molekul / Determine the molecular formula
(ii) Nyatakan nama / State the name
(iii) Tuliskan formula am bagi siri homolog bagi hidrokarbon P itu.
Write the general formula for its homologous series of the hydrocarbon P

[ 8marks]
(c) Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi hidrokarbon P dan Q
Diagram 1.2 shows the structural formulae of hydrocarbon P and Q.

Rajah 1.2 / Diagram 1.2

Banding dan bezakan kedua-dua hidrokarbon ini berdasarkan strukturnya.

Compare and contrast these two hydrocarbons based on their structures.

[4 marks]

(d) Rajah 1.3 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas yang melibatkan hidrokarbon Y.
Diagram 1.3 shows a series of reactions involving hydrocarbon Y.

Rajah 1.3/Diagram 1.3

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.3,

Based on Diagram 1.3,
• namakan hidrokarban Y / name hydrocarbon Y
• nyatakan formula am / state the general formula
• nyatakan kumpulan berfungsi / state the functional group
• lukiskan formula struktur bagi hidrokarbon Y /
draw the structural formula of hydrocarbon Y

[4 marks]
 SECTION C

1. Rajah 1 menunjukkan carta alir tentang cara menyediakan sebatian Z daripada alcohol X.
Diagram 1 shows a flow chart on how to prepare compound Z from alcohol X.

(a) (i) Nyatakan nama bagi satu alkohol yang mempunyai kurang daripada empat
atom karbon.
Lukiskan formula struktur bagi alkohol itu.
State the name of one alcohol that has less than four carbon atoms.
Draw the structural formula of the alcohol.
[2 marks]

(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan di 1(a)(i), apakah nama sebatian Y dan sebatian Z.

Based on the answer in 1(a)(i), what is the name of compound Y and compound Z.

[2 marks]

(iii) Nyatakan dua sifat kimia bagi sebatian Y selain daripada penghidrogenan dandua
sifat kimia bagi sebatian Z.
Huraikan secara ringkas satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan sebatian Y dan sebatian
Z.
State two chemical properties of compound Y other than hydrogenation and two
chemical properties of compound Z.
Describe briefly a chemical test to differentiate between compound Y and compound
Z

[7 marks]

(b) Alcohol bertindak balas dengan asid karboksilik untuk menghasilkan ester dan air.
Dengan menggunakan satu alcohol yang dinamakan dan satu asid karboksilik yang
dinamakan,huraikan penyediaan ester di dalam makmal.
Dalam huraian anda, sertakan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
Alcohol reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters and water.
By using one named example of an alcohol and one named example of a carboxylic acid,
describe the preparation of an ester in the laboratory.
In your description, include the chemical equation for the reaction.

[9 marks]