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ADV. CHEM
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/LESSON # 11 '

HISTORY OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

• Jon Jacob Berzelius -
a Swedish chemist and one
of the founders of
modern chemistry . 1800 'S
-
one OF the first to articulate the differences between organic and

inorganic compounds .

- noted for his determination of atomic weights and his experiments

to understand principles of stoichiometry .

• Frederich Wohler -
chemist who isolated
pure aluminum .

Father of organic chemistry 1828

" .
-

-
took a non living material ( ammonium cyanate) and made it into

a substance present in living things ( urea from urine ) .

Vitalism
-
organic compound produced From inorganic compounds .

Isomerism
-
possibility OF forming a two or more different structures based on the

same chemical formula

Pharmacology -
sub -
disciplines of organic
New substances -
matter with uniform properties that was discovered
or synthesize during that century

1LE- $5501M # 22 '

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
• obtained living matters
from
Types of Organic compounds
-
carbohydrates provides short -
term energy
-
Proteins -
build and repair cells .

large complex
,
molecules that are required in cell structure

and Function .

-
Lipids -
Fats and oils that provide long term energy .

of compounds associated to Fatty acids

-

heterogeneous group .
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- Nucleic Acid -
large , complex molecules

First isolated by Wohler From the nuclei OF human pus cells

-

( nuclei n )

INORGANIC COMPOUND
• Obtained From mineral constituents of the earth

Types of Inorganic compounds :

-
salt -
dissociates into cations and anions when dissolved in water

Acids apart into or more dissolved

• -
breaks one
hydrogen ions when

in water

.
Base -
dissociates with one or more
hydroxide ions when dissolved
in water

-
water
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/LESSON # 33 '

ALKYNES
• unsaturated hydrocarbon that has atleast one carbon -
carbon triple bond .

ALKENES
• unsaturated hydrocarbon with a carbon -
carbon double bond .

ALKANES
•
comprises OF carbon and hydrogen with single bonds between carbon

atoms .

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
• unsaturated chemical compounds
characterized joint by covalent
•
by one or more
planar rings of atoms

bonds

HYDROCARBON
• compound OF hydrogen and carbon

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

• method of naming organic compounds recommended
by the International

Union OF pure and Applied chemistry .

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Examples Of Alkanes Examples Of Alkenes Examples of Alkynes