Company: ESSAR OIL LIMITED Date

ESSAR OIL REFINERY EXPANSION PROJECT

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4.0 DESIGN OF DYKE WALL

4.1 Sizing

Hence assume inside pit dimension = 10.000 m

Wall thickness t = 500 mm ( Assumed )
Min. Wall Height above Liquid Level = 150 mm
0.50

0.30
HPP
10.00

1.20

5.50

0.50
10.00 0.50

Plan Section

4.2 Data
Thickness of Dyke Wall (at base) D = 500 mm
Thickness of Base Slab t s = 500 mm
Width of Base Slab = 0.50 m
Height of wall above HPP h = 0.30 m
Depth of wall foundation from HPP = 5.50 m
Ground water level below HPP = 0.475 m
Saturated Density of soil gsat = 19.0 kN/m3
Density of water g w = 10.0 kN/m3
Density of reinforced concrete gconc. = 25.0 kN/m3
Surcharge considered q = 15.0 kN /m2 (assumed)
Angle of Repose f = 30 degrees (assumed)
Submerged Density of soil gsub = 9.0 kN/m3
Active Earth pressure coeff. ka = 0.33

Height of Ground Water hw = 5-0.475 = 4.525 m

Backfill height over fdn. slab hs = 5.5-0.5 = 5 m
Height of Wall Stem h1 = 0.3+5 = 5.30 m

Partial Safety Factor for Materials:

Concrete gc = 1.50 Partial Safety Factor for Materials as per CL. 36.4.2.1
Steel gs = 1.15 of IS 456

665990871.xls Dyn Soil Pressure

 Company: ESSAR OIL LIMITED Date
ESSAR OIL REFINERY EXPANSION PROJECT
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4.4.2 Lateral Earth Pressure Coefficients

Lateral thrust of soil against the sump wall shall also be accounted for under Seismic condition according to
Mononobe Okabe theory as directed by Cl. XXXXX of Spec. XXXXXXX.

Lateral Earth pressure under Seismic case has been found out as per Cl. 8.1 & 8.3 of IS:1893-1984.

Angle of internal friction of soil, f = 30 degrees

Angle which earth face of wall makes with the vertical, a = 0 degrees
Slope of earth fill, l = 0 degrees

a. Under seismic condition

Horizontal seismic coefficient ah = b I a0 where, Refer CL. 3.4.2.3

Soil foundation System coeficient b = 1.0 for Type II medium Soil Refer Table 3 of IS:1893-1984
Importance Factor I = 1.5 Refer Table 4
Basic horizontal Seismic coefficient a0 = 0.04 for Zone III Refer Table 2
ah = 1.0 * 1.5 * 0.04 = 0.06
Vertical seismic coefficient av = 2/3 ah = 0.04

Angle of friction between wall & earth, d = 0.7 f d = 0.6 to 0.8 f ( refer Foundation Analysis &
= 21 degre Design by BOWLES)

Coefficient of active Earth Pressure (under seismic condition), Ca

(1± av ) cos2 (f -l -a ) 1 2
= x
(cos l)*(cos2 a)*(cos (d +l +a)) (sin (f + d) sin (f -l -l) ) 1/2
1+
(cos (a - l) cos (d + a + l))

Here, f+d = 51.00 degrees

a -l 0.00 degrees

Ca For saturated soil under seismic condition

l = tan -1 (ah / 1 ± av)
= 3.3 degrees for +av
= 3.58 degrees for -av
Thus from the above data,
f -l -a = 26.70 degrees 26.42 degrees
d + l +a = 24.30 degrees for +av 24.58 degrees for -av
f -l -l = 26.70 degrees 26.42 degrees

(1± av ) cos2 (f -l -a )
= 0.9122 for +av and 0.8483 for -av
(cos l)*(cos2 a)*(cos (d +l +a))

(sin (f + d) sin (f -l -l) ) 1/2

= 0.6190 for +av and 0.6166 for -av
(cos (a - l) cos (d + a + l))

Thus, Ca for +av = 0.348

Ca for -av = 0.325
Hence consider max of Ca = 0.348

665990871.xls Dyn Soil Pressure

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Ca For submerged soil under seismic condition

l = tan -1 [ gsat /(gsat-1) (ah / 1 ± av) ]
= 6.94 > 6.0 Hence, l = 6.00 degrees for +av
= 7.52 > 6.0 Hence, l = 6.00 degrees for -av
Angle of wall with earth face, d = 10.5 degrees (0.5 times of d )
Thus in this case,
f -l -a = 24.00 degrees 24.00 degrees
d + l +a = 16.50 degrees for +av 16.50 degrees for -av
f -l -l = 24.00 degrees 24.00 degrees
(1± av ) cos2 (f -l -a )
= 0.9102 for +av and 0.8402 for -av
(cos l)*(cos2 a)*(cos (d +l +a))

(sin (f + d) sin (f -l -l) ) 1/2

= 0.5742 for +av and 0.5742 for -av
(cos (a - l) cos (d + a + l))

Thus, Ca for +av = 0.367

Ca for -av = 0.339
Hence consider max of Ca = 0.367

b. Under static condition

Under static condition consider ah, av and l = 0 degrees. Thus,
f -l -a = f -a 30.00 degrees
f -l -l = f -l 30.00 degrees
a -l = 0.00 degrees

Ca' For saturated soil under static condition

d + l +a = d +a 21.00 degrees
f+d = 51.00 degrees

(1± av ) cos2 (f -l -a )
= 0.8034
(cos l)*(cos2 a)*(cos (d +l +a))

(sin (f + d) sin (f -l -l) ) 1/2

= 0.6451
(cos (a - l) cos (d + a + l))

Ca' = 0.297
Ca' For submerged soil under static condition

Here, d = 10.5 degrees (0.5 times of d ) . Consequently,

d + l +a = d +a 10.50 degrees
f+d = 40.50 degrees

(1± av ) cos2 (f -l -a )
= 0.7628
(cos l)*(cos2 a)*(cos (d +l +a))

(sin (f + d) sin (f -l -l) ) 1/2

= 0.5747
(cos (a - l) cos (d + a + l))

Ca' = 0.308

Ca under seismic condition for total

for saturated soil = 0.348
for submerged soil = 0.367
Ca' under seismic condition for static part
for saturated soil = 0.297

665990871.xls Dyn Soil Pressure

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for submerged soil = 0.308

665990871.xls Dyn Soil Pressure

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Load -5 Soil & Water Pressure from one side under Seismic Condition
Lateral Pressures at the bottom of wall (top of base slab)
q cosa
Due to surcharge = Ca * = 0.348*15*cos(0)/cos(0-0) = 5.22 kN /m2
cos (a - l)
Water pressure = gw*hw = 10*4.525 = 45.25 kN /m2
Active Earth pr. (saturated soil) = Ca*ysat*(hs-hw) = 0.348*19*(5-4.525) = 3.14 kN /m2
Active Earth pr. (summerged soil) Ca*ysub*hw = 0.367*9*4.525 = 14.95 kN /m2
500 t

3.14 KN/sq. m
5300

h1
4525 hw
hs
5000
500

5.22 KN/sq. m 45.25 KN/sq. m 14.95 KN/sq. m

SURCHARGE WATER PRESSURE EARTH PRESSURE

665990871.xls Dyn Soil Pressure