Republic of the Philippines

FULLBRIGHT COLLEGE
Puerto Princesa City
DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY OR GRADE 11 & 12
I. Objectives
A. Content Standard
The learners demonstrate and understanding of cell structure and function.

B. Performance Standard
The learners shall able to construct a 3D model of a plant / animal / bacterial cell
using recyclables materials.

C. Learning Competency
The learners describe the structure and function of major and subcellular
organelles.
( CODE: STEM_BIO 11/12-I ac-1)

D. Specific Objectives
At the end of 60 minutes of the lesson the grade 11 learners are expected to do the
following with at least 75% proficiency level. The grade 11 learners will able to:

a.) Describe the basic components of a cell and their functions

(Cognitive)
b.) Illustrate the structure of a cell using diagrams or model or highlighting the
key organelles and their functions
(Psychomotor)
c.) Give the importance of understanding of the structure and function of cells in
biology. (Affective)

II. Content
A. Topic: Cell Structure and function

B. Learning Resources:

Curriculum Guide: K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Senior High-School-

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Specialized Subject.

Textbook: Exploring Life Through Science Biology

https://pa01000192.schoolwires.net/cms/lib7/PA01000192/Centricity/Domain/48/
Cells%20Study%20Guide.pdf

https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/srsec314newe/lesson-04.pdf

C. Materials:
 Power Point Presentation
 Projector
 Flash cards
 Answer sheets
III. Procedure:

Teacher’s Activity Learners’ Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

I. Greetings
Learners: Good Morning Maam!
Hello, Good Morning Class!

Learners: We are doing great Maam.

How are you today?

Very good!

II. Prayer

Now let’s start the day with a prayer. Let us all

stand to prepare for the prayer.
( All the learners will stand and bow their
heads for the prayer.)
Ana, kindly lead the prayer?
Ana: Yes Maam.
( The learner will lead the prayer)
Let us all remember that we are in the
most holy presence of God. Lord, we offer
to you our class today. We pray for your
divine guidance may all participate
actively in discussion and activities, may
all of us learn more while having fun may
we apply what we will learn for your
greater glory all this we ask in your
III. Action Song powerful name. Amen.

Before we start our lesson, we will start first in our

action song. The title of the song is “ Ang mga Ibon na
lumilipad” okay sing.
(All the students will start to sing)
Ang mga ibon na lumilipad ay mahal ng
Diyos di kumukupas, ang mga ibon na
lumilipad ay mahal ng Diyos di
kumukupas wag ka ng malungkot oh
praise the Lord. Ang mga bata na
naglalaro ay mahal ng Diyos di
kumukupas, ang mga bata na naglalaro ay
mahal ng Diyos di kumukupas wag ka ng
malungkot oh praise the Lord.
Thank you class, before you sit down, please pick all
the trash and throw it into the trash can and arrange
your chair properly.

(All the students will start to pick up the

IV. Checking of attendance trash and arrange the seats)

Class who is absent today?

Learners: Nobody is absent today Maam.

V.Recall of the classroom rules

David, can you please recall and state our classroom

rules?

David: Yes Maam.

First, nobody is allowed to talk
unless being called.

Second, No eating in the

classroom.

Third, avoid creating noise and

respect one another.
Good job David, Hope that are all clear to you.

B. Reviewing previous lesson

Now who remembers our previous topic?

(Aira raising her hand)
Okay Aira, what our topic last meeting?
Aira: Maam, as I remember it is all about
the cell theory.
Thank you Aira, before we proceed to our next topic
what are cells?
( Gia raising her hand)
Okay Gia, what are cells?
Gia: Maam, the cells are the smallest unit
of living things that can carry out basic
processes of life.it says that our body
composed of more cells. It is like a many
small rooms inside of our body. And most
cells are microscopic or it can be seen
with microscope because it cannot be
seen by the naked eye. So with the help
or using of microscope we can see cells.
And Robert hooke is the one who
discovered the cell.
That’s correct! Gia, thank you for sharing what you
learned in our previous topic.

I think everyone learned something from the previous

lesson so we will go to the next topic.

C. Establishing A Purpose for the Lesson

Before we proceed let us read first our objectives for

today.

At the end of the discussion, you should be able to do

the following. Anyone who can read the first
objectives?
(Ronic raising his hand)
Okay Ronic, kindly read the first one.
Ronic:
a.) Describe the basic components of
a cell and their functions
Thank you Ronic, how about the second one?
( Bea raising her hand )
Okay Beah, you will read it.
Bea:
b.) Illustrate the differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in
terms of their structure and
functions.
Thank you Bea. Who will read the last one?
(Joan raising her hand)
Okay Joan, you will you read it.
c.) Give the importance of
understanding of the structure and
function of cells in biology.
Did you understand class?
Yes Maam.
Okay before we begin I will show you some pictures
and I will ask you what picture it is and what it is used
for or function. Is everything clear?
Yes Maam.
Very good! Are you ready?
What is it and what is function? ( Jep raising his hand)
Okay jep, what is the answer? Jep: A Door Maam, and the function is to
allow entry and exit to home.
That correct Jep. How about the second picture.?

(Mary raising her hand)

Okay Mary what is in the picture?
Mary: it is a wall Maam, and the function
of that is to support the roof and the floor.
That’s right Mary.

(Peter raising his hand)

Yes Peter, answer that. Peter: it’s a refrigerator Maam. And the
function of that is for storing food.
Very good! For storing food.
How about this picture?
(Mia raising her hand)
Yes Mia?
Mia: The table and the chairs Maam, and
the function is to provide support for the
seated person's body.
Good job Mia, and the last picture?

(Gia raising her hand)

Yes Gia?
Gia: it’s a Chef, and his function is for
cooking food.
That’s right Gia, okay thank you for participating. This
is a question to all the pictures shown where do you
think we can find them?
(Mary raising her hand)
Yes Mary?
Mary: In a restaurant.
Very good Mary. The answer is in the restaurant. All
the mentioned things and people are what makes up a
restaurant so they all have a basic structures and
functions as you mentioned earlier.

A cell just like a restaurant has many components or

parts in order for the cell to work efficiently. You have
a chef, tables, chairs, refrigerator and so many more
that the restaurant can function just like a cells. Cells
have other body parts or other components that help to
function or help the cell to work efficiently. So that
this is our main topic for today we will be discussing
the basic parts of a cell. So question what is inside a
cell?

As
a diagram shows we are going to identify 2 types of
cell.we have animal cell and the plant cell.

 All organism are made up of cells and your

own body has more than 200 different kinds of
cells within your body.
 Plants and Animal cells have several basic
structures called organelles, that help them to
perform life processes.

Everybody say “Organelles”

Very good!
 ORGANELLES have functions that help keeps
cells alive.
( Everyone will say organelles)
Okay lets begin with the parts of animal cell that are
found in ?
( Everyone will say animals)
Very good!

lets start with cell membrane.

 1. Cell Membrane

 It is flexible wrapping that surrounds an

animal cell
 It is a layer around the outside of the cell.
 It wraps around the cell the same way your
skin wraps around you.

So the cell membrane is like a skin of the cell.

So it is outside it covers up the entire cell

 It gives the cell its shape.

 It controls what materials move into and out of
the cell.
 Only certain substances are able to enter and
leave the cell.

Cell Membrane is responsible to what

materials must come into and come out of the
cell just like a restaurant door. It is responsible
to whoever can go inside or can go outside.

Lets move on to the cytoplasm. Everybody say

cytoplasm.

Okay class. ( Everyone will say cytoplasm)

2. Cytoplasm
 It is a gel-like liquid that fills the region
between the nucleus and the cell membrane.
 It is mostly made up of water which a variety
of organelles float in the cytoplasm.

 It support all cell’s structures and it constantly

moves through the cell in stream like motion.

Next we have the nucleus. Everybody say

Nucleus.
(Everyone will say nucleus)
Very good!

3. Nucleus

 The brain of the cell.

Everbody say brain of the cell.

Brain of the cell
Very good.
 It is the cells control center and most of cells
have this.

Just like our bodies we have the brain. The

brain is responsible for controlling our
movements in our bodies.

 It is a large round organelle usually found in

the center of the cell.
 It has a membrane with pores, or openings that
allow certain materials to pass in and out.
 It contain the master plans of the cells
activities. It sends signals to all other parts of
the cells.
 Cell grow, move and may divide at some point
these functions are controlled by the cells
nucleus.
 Next we have the mitochondria. Everybody
say mitochondria.
Mitochondria
Very good!

4. Mitochondria
 It is the powerhouse of the cell.
Why do you think it is called the powerhouse of the
cell? Can you raise your hand?
(Jen raising her hand)
Yes Jen?
Jen: Because it provides cells energy
Very good! Maam.

 They break down food, which releases energy

for the cell to use.

Just like your muscle celss they require more

mitochondria.
Next is vacuoles
Everybody say vacuoles.
Vacuoles
 5. Vacuole

 is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal

cells, vacuoles are generally small and help
sequester waste products. In plant cells,
vacuoles help maintain water balance.
 It is a membrane-covered structure used for
storage.

Just like a refrigerator in a restaurant that storing food.

 It can store water, food, and wastes.

 The nucleus can give the signal a vacuole to
release whatever it is storing.
 Some animal cells have many small vacuoles,
and some may not have any vacuoles.

So they are very different some may need a lot some

may not need it so they are very different.
Those are the five organelles that is seen in the animal
cell.

Now lets move on to what inside the plant cell.

We have finished the animal cell now we are
going to discuss what is inside of the plant
cell?

 Plant cells have many of the structures and

organelles as animal cells.

So the five organelles that we have discussed

on the plant cells also have those so what is
inside an animal cell can also be seen in a plant
cell. The mitochondria, cell membrane,
nucleus,vacuoles, and cytoplasm are all or can
be seen in a plant cell as well.
 Plant cells have often have boxlikeshape and
are a bit larger than animal cells.
 Plant cells also have additional organelles that
animal cells do not have.

Lets proceed to the parts of the plant cell that are found
in plants.
 Lets start with the cell wall.
Everybody say” Cell wall”
Cell wall!
Very good. What are the functions of the cell wall.

1. Cell wall
 It is the plant cells additional covering around
outside of the cell.

Why is it an additional covering? Because the

animal cell the cover is the cell membrane we
also have the cell membrane in the plant but
there is an additional covering which we call it
the cell wall.

 It is the stiff structure outside of the cell

membrane which provides the plant cell with
strength and extra support.

Next we have the vacuole.

( Gia raising her hand and asking a
question)
Yes Gia?

Gia: Why is vacuole still mentioned for

plant cell but we already mentioned
vacuole in animal cell?
Very good question. Because there is a certain
difference between the vacuoles in animal cells and
vacuoles in plant cells.
 2.Vacuole

 Unlike animal cells, plant cells usually

have one large central vacuole.

As you can see in the image there is one large central

vacuole. However it has also the same function.
 In plant cells this vacuoles stores excess
water and provides extra support. The
extra water in the vacuoles of a plant
keeps the plant from drying out.
.
 When a plant need extra water the
vacuoles release the stored water into the
cell.

So that is the difference between vacuoles

of animal cell and the plant cell
.
Next we have chloroplast.
Everybody say “Chloroplast”.

Chloroplast

Very good!
 2. Chloroplast
 Plants make their own food in structures
inside their cells called chloroplast.

Unlike the animal cell that consume food the plants

can make their own food inside the cells, chloroplast.

 It is the green structure where the energy

from sunlight is used to produce food for
the plant.

Energy from sunlight and converted it into food. What

we called this process?
( Ana raising her hand)\
Yes Ana?
Ana: Photosynthesis Maam.
Very good, the process of photosynthesis.

 They are green because they contain a

chemical called Chlorophyll.

Everybody say Chlorophyll.

Chlorophyll!

So the chloroplast is responsible for production of food

by converting energy from sunlight which we called
Photosynthesis as mentioned by Ana and they are
green because there is a chemical called Chlorophyll.
 Chlorophyll is able to use energy from the
sunlight.
Most plants are green as you can see outside.
 Most plants around you they are green
because of the chlorophyll inside the
chloroplast.

 Plant cells that lack chloroplasts are not

green.
 Chloroplast are mainly found in the cells
of leaves and stems of plants.
Those are the different parts of a plant cell that an
animal cells didn’t have. Can you give the three
organelles that mentioned that found in plant cell?
(Joan raising her hand)
Yes Joan?
Joan: It is a cell wall, vacuole and
Very good Joan. chloroplast Maam.

How about the five organelles that mentioned are

found in animal cells? Everybody raise your hand.
( Peter raising his hand)
Yes Peter?
Peter: As I remember, the animal cell
have the organelles such as Mitochondria,
Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm and
Vacuoles Maam.
Very good Peter!
And that’s includes all the basic parts and functions of
an animal cell the Cell Membrane, Nucleus,
Cytoplasm, Mitochondria and Vacuoles. Very good
everyone let’s give ourselves a very good clap.
( All the learners will clap )

This time we will compare the organelles from a

restaurant that have a similar function. I will ask you
again the questions.

what is the similar organelle to door and its function?

( Jen raiasing her hand)
Yes Jen?
Jen: the cell membrane Maam. Because
the door is allowing what goes in and
what goes out of the restaurant and the
cell membrane is responsible for what is
coming out and coming in, in a cell.
Very good!

where do you compare the nucleus inside the

restaurant?
( Gia raisng her hand)
Yes Gia?
Gia: To the Chef Maam. Because the chef
is responsible on what food to be served
or what actions to be done in a restaurant.
Just like a nucleus is the brain of the cell
and responsible to what or how the other
body parts or the organelles will function.
That’s correct Gia!
How about the chairs, table and floor what organelles
can you compare?
(Peter raising his hand)
Yes Peter?
Peter: It can compared to the cytoplasm
because the cytoplasm is where other
organelles are floating.
Very good Peter!

What about the brick wall? What organelles can you

compare it? ( Ana raising her hand)

Yes Ana? Ana: To the cell wall Maam. because it is

the outer covering that protects the cells or
the plant cell. Just like a brick wall that
protects the entire restaurant.
Very good Ana!

Last one question . what organelles do you compare

the refrigerator?
( Mary raising her hand)
Yes Mary?
Mary: To the vacuoles Maam. Because
the refrigerator can store food and the
vacuole can store food as well.
Very good Mary, and very good everyone lets give
ourselves a good job clap.
( All the learners will clap a good job)
Do you have a questions?
No Ma’am.
Is everything very clear?
Yes Ma’am.
.

IV. Evaluation

It seems that all of you understand and learned

our lesson well and hope I hope that you will not
forget what we discussed and learned in our class
today.

This time, we will have a short activity regarding to

what we have discussed earlier.

Direction: Compare and Contrast plant and animal

cells by completing the Venn diagram.
Are you done class?
Yes Ma’am!
Finish or not finish kindly pass your paper to the front.

V. Assignment

Now class for your assignment draw and label the

plant cell.

Directions: Draw and label of the plant cell.

 Thank you Maam, Goodbye!

Okay class, that’s all for today, thank you, have a great
day and keep safe.

VI. Remarks

VII. Reflection
 

.Prepared by: Noted by:

Angela Delos Santos

Approved by:
Checked by: