Diseño de compuertas

Datos:
Del canal principal
3
m
QP ≔ 3.00 ―
s
n ≔ 0.014

Tramo 1
S1 ≔ 0.002
Z1 ≔ 2.0

Tramo 2
S2 ≔ 0.0018
Z2 ≔ 2.5

Tramo 3
S3 ≔ 0.0008
Z3 ≔ 0.5

De los canales laterales

Canal lateral 1
3
m
QL1 ≔ 1.00 ―
s
SL1 ≔ S1 = 0.002 (Por pertenecer al tramo 1)

(Los canales laterales son de sección rectangular, Z=0)

Canal lateral 2
3
m
QL2 ≔ 1.00 ―
s
SL2 ≔ 0.002 (Dato del problema por partir
de un cambio de pendiente)

(Los canales laterales son de sección rectangular, Z=0)

Resolución:
Resolución:

1) Del canal principal

A) Cálculo de bases

(Por el criterio de la MEH y la MIH)

b1 = 0.5599 m

b2 = 0.4455 m

b3 = 1.7911 m
b1 + b2 + b3
bpromedio ≔ ―――― = 0.9322 m
3
bpromedio ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝bpromedio , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 0.95 m

B) Cálculo de tirantes

y1 = 0.7149 m

y2 = 0.6886 m

y3 = 1.3537 m

2) De los canales laterales

A) Cálculo de las bases laterales

bL1 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QL1⎞⎠ | = 1.4607 m

‖ y ← y + 0.0001 m |
‖ L1 L1 |
b
‖ L1 ← y L1 ⋅ 3 |
‖ AL1 ← bL1 ⋅ yL1 |
‖ |
‖ P L1 ← ⎛
⎝ b L1 + 2 ⋅ y L1
⎞
⎠ |
‖ ⎛ 5
― ⎞ |
‖ ⎜ 1 3 ⎟ |
―
‖ ⎜S 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
L1 ⋅ ⎜AL1 ⋅ ― ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ ⎝ m ⎠ ⎟ m |
2 3
‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜
‖ ⎜
3
⎟ |
⎛ 1⎞ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ ⎜PL1 ⋅ ― ⎟ ⎟
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m⎠ ⎠ |
‖ bL1 |
‖ |

bL2 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QL2⎞⎠ | = 1.4607 m

‖ y ← y + 0.0001 m |
‖ L2 L2 |
b
‖ L2 ← y L2 ⋅ 3 |
‖ AL2 ← bL2 ⋅ yL2 |
‖ |
P ←
‖ L2 ⎝ L2⎛ b + 2 ⋅ y ⎞
L2⎠ |
‖ ⎛ 5
― ⎞ |
‖ ⎜ 1 3 ⎟ |
―
‖ ⎜ S 2 ⋅ ⎛A ⋅ ― 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
⎜ L2 ⎜ L2 ⎟ |
‖ m ⎠ ⎟ m |
2 3
⎝
 bL2 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QL2⎞⎠ | = 1.4607 m
‖ y ← y + 0.0001 m |
‖ L2 L2 |
‖ bL2 ← yL2 ⋅ 3 |
‖ AL2 ← bL2 ⋅ yL2 |
‖ |
‖ PL2 ← ⎛⎝bL2 + 2 ⋅ yL2⎞⎠ |
‖ ⎛ 5 ⎞
―
|
‖ ⎜ 1 3 ⎟ |
―
‖ ⎜ 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
S ⋅ A ⋅―
‖ ⎜ L2 ⎜⎝ L2 m 2 ⎟⎠ ⎟ m 3 |
‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―|
⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ ―
‖ ⎜
3
⎟ |
⎛ 1⎞ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ P ⋅
⎜ L2 ⎟― ⎟
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m⎠ ⎠ |
‖ bL2 |
‖ |

bL1 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝bL1 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 1.50 m

bL2 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝bL2 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 1.50 m

B) Transiciones y aberturas

B.1) Caso 1

* Antes de la transición

T1 ≔ bpromedio + 2 ⋅ Z1 ⋅ y1 = 3.8096 m

* Después de la transición

bInt.1 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QP⎞⎠ | = 2.2745 m

‖b |
← bInt.1 + 0.0001 ⋅ m |
‖ Int.1
‖ AInt.1 ← bInt.1 ⋅ y1 |
‖ PInt.1 ← bInt.1 + 2 ⋅ y1 |
‖ |
‖ ⎛ ―⎞
5
|
‖ ⎜ 1
―
3 ⎟
|
⎜ 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
‖ S ⋅ A ⋅ ―
‖ ⎜ 1 ⎜⎝ Int.1 m 2 ⎟⎠ ⎟ m 3 |
‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―|
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ 3
‖ ⎜ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ ⎜PInt.1 ⋅ ― ⎟ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m ⎠ ⎠ |
b
‖ Int.1 ||

bInt.1 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝bInt.1 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 2.30 m

yInt.1 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QP⎞⎠ | = 0.7079 m

‖y |
Int.1 ← yInt.1 + 0.0001 m |
‖
A
‖ Int.1 ← b Int.1 ⋅ y Int.1
|
‖ PInt.1 ← bInt.1 + 2 ⋅ yInt.1 |
‖ |
‖ ⎛ 5 ⎞
― |
‖ ⎜ 1
―
3 ⎟
|
⎜ S 2 ⋅ ⎛A 1 ⎞ ⎟
‖
⎜ 1 ⎜ Int.1 2 ⎟ ⎟ 3 |
⋅ ―
‖ ⎝ m ⎠ m |
‖ Q ← ⎜ ―――――― ⎟ ― |
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ 3
‖ ⎜ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ P
⎜ Int.1 ⎟ ⋅ ― ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m ⎠ ⎠ |
‖ yInt.1 ||
 ‖ AInt.1 ← bInt.1 ⋅ yInt.1 |
‖ PInt.1 ← bInt.1 + 2 ⋅ yInt.1 |
‖ |
‖ ⎛ ―⎞
5
|
‖ ⎜ 1
―
3 ⎟
|
⎜ 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
‖ S ⋅ A ⋅ ―
‖ ⎜ 1 ⎜⎝ Int.1 m 2 ⎟⎠ ⎟ m 3 |
‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―|
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ 3
‖ ⎜ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ ⎜PInt.1 ⋅ ― ⎟ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m⎠ ⎠ |
y
‖ Int.1 ||

TInt.1 ≔ bInt.1 = 2.3 m

* En la transición
T1 - TInt.1
L1 ≔ ――――― = 3.405 m
2 ⋅ tan ⎛⎝12.5°⎞⎠

L1 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝L1 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 3.4 m

* En la compuerta lateral
Valores de prueba

a ≔ 0.1 m
⎛ 0.079 ⋅ a ⎞
⎜ 0.96 + ―――⎟
Restricciones

yInt.1 ⎟
QL1 ＝ 0.62 ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⋅ bL1 ⋅ a ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ g ⋅ yInt.1
⎜ 0.62 ⋅ a ⎟
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎜ 1 + ――― ⎟
⎝ yInt.1 ⎠
Solver

al1 ≔ find (a) = 0.329 m

al1 = 0.3286 m

* En la compuerta interior
Valores de prueba

a ≔ 0.1 m
⎛ 0.079 ⋅ a ⎞
⎜ 0.96 + ―――⎟
Restricciones

yInt.1 ⎟
QP - QL1 ＝ 0.62 ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⋅ bInt.1 ⋅ a ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ g ⋅ yInt.1
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.62 ⋅ a ⎟
⎜ 1 + ――― ⎟
⎝ yInt.1 ⎠
Solver

aInt.1 ≔ find (a) = 0.439 m

aInt.1 = 0.4389 m

B.1) Caso 2

* Antes de la transición

T3 ≔ bpromedio + 2 ⋅ Z3 ⋅ y3 = 2.3037 m

* Después de la transición

bInt.2 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QP⎞⎠ | = 1.6942 m

‖b |
← bInt.2 + 0.0001 ⋅ m |
‖ Int.2
‖ AInt.2 ← bInt.2 ⋅ y3 |
‖ PInt.2 ← bInt.2 + 2 ⋅ y3 |
‖ |
⎛ 5 ⎞
 bInt.2 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QP⎞⎠ | = 1.6942 m
‖b |
Int.2 ← bInt.2 + 0.0001 ⋅ m |
‖
‖ AInt.2 ← bInt.2 ⋅ y3 |
‖ PInt.2 ← bInt.2 + 2 ⋅ y3 |
‖ |
‖ ⎛ 5 ⎞
― |
‖ ⎜ ― 1 3 ⎟
|
⎜ 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
‖ S3 ⋅ ⎜AInt.2 ⋅ ― 2 ⎟ ⎟
‖ ⎜ ⎝ m ⎠ m
3 |

‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―|
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ 3
‖ ⎜ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ ⎜ P Int.2 ⋅ ―⎟ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m⎠ ⎠ |
‖ bInt.2 ||

bInt.2 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝bInt.2 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 1.70 m

yInt.2 ≔ while ⎛⎝Q < QP⎞⎠ | = 1.3485 m

‖y |
← yInt.2 + 0.0001 m |
‖ Int.2
‖ AInt.2 ← bInt.2 ⋅ yInt.2 |
‖ PInt.2 ← bInt.2 + 2 ⋅ yInt.2 |
‖ |
‖ ⎛ ―⎞
5
|
‖ ⎜ 1
―
3 ⎟
|
⎜ 2 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎟ |
‖ S ⋅ A ―
‖ ⎜ 3 ⎜⎝ Int.2 m 2 ⎟⎠ ⎟ m 3 |
‖ Q ← ⎜―――――― ⎟ ―|
― ⎟ s |
2
‖ ⎜ 3
‖ ⎜ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎟ |
‖ ⎜ n ⋅ ⎜PInt.2 ⋅ ― ⎟ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ ⎝ m⎠ ⎠ |
y
‖ Int.2 ||

TInt.2 ≔ bInt.2 = 1.70 m

* En la transición
T3 - TInt.2
L2 ≔ ――――― = 1.362 m
2 ⋅ tan ⎛⎝12.5°⎞⎠

L2 ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝Trunc ⎛⎝L2 , 0.01 m⎞⎠ , 0.05 m⎞⎠ = 1.40 m

* En la compuerta lateral
Valores de prueba

a ≔ 0.1 m
⎛ 0.079 ⋅ a ⎞
⎜ 0.96 + ―――⎟
Restricciones

yInt.2 ⎟
QL2 ＝ 0.62 ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⋅ bL2 ⋅ a ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ g ⋅ yInt.2
⎜ 0.62 ⋅ a ⎟
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎜ 1 + ――― ⎟
⎝ yInt.2 ⎠
Solver

al2 ≔ find (a) = 0.226 m

 yInt.2 ⎟

Restriccio
QL2 ＝ 0.62 ⋅ ⎜――――――

Valores
⋅ bL2 ⋅ a ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ g ⋅ yInt.2
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.62 ⋅ a ⎟
⎜ 1 + ――― ⎟
⎝ yInt.2 ⎠

Solver
al2 ≔ find (a) = 0.226 m

al2 = 0.2257 m

* En la compuerta interior

Valores de prueba
a ≔ 0.1 m
⎛ 0.079 ⋅ a ⎞
⎜ 0.96 + ―――⎟
Restricciones

yInt.2 ⎟
QP - QL2 ＝ 0.62 ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⋅ bInt.2 ⋅ a ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ g ⋅ yInt.2
⎜ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.62 ⋅ a ⎟
⎜ 1 + ――― ⎟
⎝ yInt.2 ⎠
Solver

aInt.2 ≔ find (a) = 0.409 m

aInt.2 = 0.4087 m