Hormigón Armado II

Losa Nervada Uni-direccional

t ≔ tonne
Estructura: Perfil tipo:

h ≔ 25 cm
be ≔ 55 cm
bw ≔ 10 cm
t' ≔ 5 cm

Datos: Cargas:

kg kg
f'c ≔ 200 ―― peso.cielo ≔ 20 ――
cm 2 m2
kg kg
fy ≔ 4200 ―― peso.piso ≔ 130 ――
cm 2 m2
kg
rec ≔ 2 cm tabiqueria ≔ 150 ――
m2
kg kg
Es ≔ 2100000 ―― sobrecarga ≔ 300 ――
cm 2 m2
kg
ϕp ≔ 10 mm muro.perimetral ≔ 400 ―
m
ϕe ≔ 5 mm

qq ≔ cm 2
ANALISIS DE CARGAS
Peso propio:
kg kg
Peso.propio ≔ ⎛⎝be ⋅ t' + bw ⋅ ⎛⎝h - t'⎞⎠⎞⎠ ⋅ 2400 ―― = 114 ―
m3 m
Cargas ultimas Muro:
t ⎛ t ⎞
gu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎛⎝⎛⎝peso.cielo + peso.piso + tabiqueria⎞⎠ ⋅ be + Peso.propio⎞⎠ = 0.335 ― muro1 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎜0.6 ―⋅ be⎟ = 0.4 t
t m ⎝ m ⎠
qu ≔ 1.6 ⋅ ⎝⎛sobrecarga ⋅ be⎠⎞ = 0.26 ―
t m 1 1 ⎛ t ⎞
pu ≔ gu + qu = 0.599 ― ―― = 0.833333 ―― = 0.625 muro2 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎜0.4 ―⋅ be⎟ = 0.26 t
m 1.2 1.6 ⎝ m ⎠

ANALISIS ESTRUCTURAL

Estado 1

Valores Limites Mo ≔ 1.89 t ⋅ m

d ≔ h - rec - ϕe - 0.5 ⋅ ϕp = 22 cm Mc ≔ 1.54 t ⋅ m
d' ≔ rec + ϕe + 0.5 ⋅ ϕp = 3 cm

0.003
Estado 2 cmax ≔ ――――――― ⋅ d = 0.083 m
⎛ fy ⎞
0.003 + ⎜0.003 + ―⎟
⎝ Es ⎠

β1 ≔ 0.85 amax ≔ β1 ⋅ cmax = 7.01 cm

0.85 wmax 2
wmax ≔ amax ⋅ ―― = 0.271 umax ≔ wmax - ―― = 0.228
d 1.7

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 0.85 wmax 2
Hormigón Armado II wmax ≔ amax ⋅ ―― = 0.271 umax ≔ wmax - ―― = 0.228
d 1.7

DISEÑO A FLEXION

Momento Positivo Mo ≔ 1.89 t ⋅ m

⎛ ⎛ t' ⎞⎞
Muo ≔ 0.9 ⋅ ⎜0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ be ⋅ t' ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟⎟ = 8.2 t ⋅ m b ≔ be = 55 cm
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠

Verificacion ≔ if Mo > Muo | = “Seccion rectangular b=be”

‖ |
‖ “Seccion T” |
else |
‖ |
‖ “Seccion rectangular b=be” ||

Mu ≔ Mo = 1.89 t ⋅ m
h = 0.25 m
b = 0.55 m

Mu
u ≔ ――――― = 0.039 Verif ≔ if u < umax| = “SSA”
0.9 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ‖ |
‖ “SSA” |
|
w ≔ 0.85 - ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.85 2 - 1.7 ⋅ u = 0.04 else |
‖ |
‖ “SDA” |
f'c
As ≔ w ⋅ ― ⋅ b ⋅ d = 2.33 cm 2
fy

kg
14 ――
cm 2
Asmin ≔ ―――⋅ bw ⋅ d = 0.73 cm 2 Asmin ≔ : 2ɸ8 = 1.01 cm 2
fy

As ≔ max ⎛⎝As , Asmin⎞⎠ = 2.33 cm 2

Asasum - As
Asasum ≔ : 2ɸ12 = 2.26 cm 2 error ≔ ―――― ⋅ 100 = -2.84 OK
As

Momento Negativo
Mu ≔ Mc = 1.54 t ⋅ m
h = 0.25 m
b ≔ bw = 10 cm

Mu
u ≔ ――――― = 0.177 Verif ≔ if u < umax| = “SSA”
0.9 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ‖ |
‖ “SSA” |
|
w ≔ 0.85 - ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
0.85 2 - 1.7 ⋅ u = 0.2 else |
‖ |
‖ “SDA” |
f'c
As ≔ w ⋅ ― ⋅ b ⋅ d = 2.1 cm 2
fy

Asmin ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ be ⋅ t' = 0.5 cm 2 Asmin ≔ : 2ɸ6 = 0.57 cm 2 Por cada Nervio ϕ 6/27.5 cm

As ≔ max ⎛⎝As , Asmin⎞⎠ = 2.1 cm 2

Asasum - As
Asasum ≔ : 2ɸ10 + : 2ɸ6 = 2.14 cm 2 error ≔ ―――― ⋅ 100 = 1.76 OK
As

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 Hormigón Armado II

DISEÑO A CORTE

25 cm
―― + d = 34.5 cm
2

Vu ≔ 1.8069 t
Contribución del Hormigón

⎛ kg 0.5 ⎞
Vc ≔ 1.10 ⋅ ⎜0.53 ――⋅ ‾‾ f'c ⋅ bw ⋅ d⎟ = 1.81 t No requiere estribos de calculo
⎝ cm ⎠

Puntos de corte

x ≔ 0.9975 m
Longitud de desarrollo
Factor de posición ψt ≔ Otros casos =1
Factor de tratamiento ψe ≔ Sin tratamiento =1
Factor de fluencia ψg ≔ Para fy ≤ 4200 =1
Factor de tamaño ψs ≔ ɸp≤19mm = 0.8
Factor de peso λ ≔ Hormigon peso normal =1

ψt ⋅ ψe ⋅ ψg ⋅ ψs fy
ld ≔ ――――― ⋅ ――――― ⋅ ⎛⎝10 mm⎞⎠ = 44.83 cm
λ kg 0.5
5.3 ⋅ ――⋅ ‾‾ f'c
cm

xi ≔ x = 1 m ln ≔ 5.8 m - 25 cm = 5.55 m
c ≔ 25 cm

⎡ ⎛⎝d⎞⎠ ⎤ ⎡ 22 ⎤
la' ≔ ⎢ 12 ⋅ ⎛⎝10 mm⎞⎠ ⎥ = ⎢ 12 ⎥ cm la' ≔ max ⎛⎝la'⎞⎠ = 34.69 cm
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ln ⎥ ⎣ 34.69 ⎦
―
⎣⎢ 16 ⎦⎥

⎡ xi + la' ⎤
a1 ≔ ⎢ c ⎥ = ⎡ 1.34 ⎤ m a1 ≔ max ⎛⎝a1⎞⎠ = 1.34 m
⎢ ―+ ld ⎥ ⎢⎣ 0.57 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦

a1 ≔ 1.35 m
La longitud debe ser por lo menos la longitud del volado
a1 ≔ 2.0 m

Corte 1-1

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 Hormigón Armado II

Control de flecha en el volado

As ≔ : 2ɸ10 + : 2ɸ6 = 2.14 cm 2

As' ≔ : 2ɸ8 = 1.01 cm 2

Inercia central

- Inercia gruesa

Área A1 ≔ bw ⋅ h + t' ⋅ ⎛⎝be - bw⎞⎠ = 475 cm 2

Centroide ycg ≔ 17.24 cm

Inercia Ig ≔ 25331.69 ⋅ cm 4 = 25331.69 cm 4

- Momento critico de fisuración

yt ≔ h - ycg = 7.76 cm

kg 0.5 Ig
Mcr ≔ 2 ⋅ ――⋅ ‾‾ f'c ⋅ ―= 0.92 t ⋅ m
cm yt

- Inercia de la sección fisurada transformada

kg 0.5 kg
Ec ≔ 15000 ⋅ ――⋅ ‾‾ f'c = 212132.03 ――
cm cm 2
Es
n ≔ ―= 9.899495
Ec

Momento en el eje neutro

Momento en el eje neutro

⎛x⎞
bw ⋅ x ⋅ ⎜―⎟ + ⎛⎝n - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ As' ⋅ ⎛⎝x - d'⎞⎠ ＝ n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝d - x⎞⎠
⎝2⎠
Valores de prueba

x ≔ 10 cm
Restricciones

⎛x⎞
bw ⋅ x ⋅ ⎜―⎟ + ⎛⎝n - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ As' ⋅ ⎛⎝x - d'⎞⎠ ＝ n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝d - x⎞⎠
⎝2⎠
Solver

x ≔ find ⎛⎝x⎞⎠ = 7.358 cm

Inercia critica en el eje neutro

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 Hormigón Armado II

bw ⋅ x 3
Icr ≔ ――― + ⎛⎝n - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ As' ⋅ ⎛⎝x - d'⎞⎠ 2 + n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝d - x⎞⎠ 2 = 5035.95 cm 4
12

Icr = 5035.95 cm 4 I
- Inercia efectiva

Ma ≔ 1.19 t ⋅ m

Mcr Icr
α ≔ ―― = 0.78 β ≔ ―= 0.2
Ma Ig

Icr Ie
Ie ≔ ―――――――= 6427.64 cm 4 ―= 0.25
1 - ⎝0.67 ⋅ α⎞⎠ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝1 - β⎞⎠
⎛ Ig

- Flecha instantánea por carga total

gu qu kg muro2
p ≔ ―― + ―― = 444 ― F ≔ ――― = 220 kg L≔2 m
1.2 1.6 m 1.2

p ⋅ L4
fipcarga.dist ≔ ―――= 6.51 mm
8 ⋅ Ec ⋅ Ie

F ⋅ L3
fipcarga.punt ≔ ―――= 4.3 mm fip ≔ fipcarga.dist + fipcarga.punt = 10.82 mm
3 ⋅ Ec ⋅ Ie

- Flecha instantánea por carga muerta

Para carga muerta existe una variación en el valor de α

Ma' ≔ 0.9 t ⋅ m

Mcr Icr
α ≔ ―― = 1.03 β ≔ ―= 0.2
Ma' Ig
Icr gu kg muro2
Ie' ≔ ―――――――= 8103.29 cm 4 p ≔ ―― = 279 ― F ≔ ――― = 220 kg
1 - ⎛⎝0.67 ⋅ α⎞⎠ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝1 - β⎞⎠ 1.2 m 1.2

p ⋅ L4
figcarga.dist ≔ ―――= 4.09 mm
8 ⋅ Ec ⋅ Ie

F ⋅ L3
figcarga.punt ≔ ―――= 4.3 mm fig ≔ figcarga.dist + figcarga.punt = 8.4 mm
3 ⋅ Ec ⋅ Ie

- Flecha instantánea por carga viva

fiq ≔ fip - fig = 2.42 mm

- Flecha diferida

As'
ρ' ≔ ――――= 4.57 ⋅ 10 -3
bw ⋅ ⎛⎝h - d'⎞⎠

ξ ≔ 1 año = 1.4

ξ
λ ≔ ―――― = 1.14
1 + 50 ⋅ ρ'

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 ξ
Hormigón Armado II = 1.14
λ ≔ ――――
1 + 50 ⋅ ρ'

fdg ≔ λ ⋅ fig = 9.57 mm

- Flecha total
ft ≔ fig + fdg + fiq = 20.38 mm

- Flecha de entrada

fen ≔ fiq = 2.42 mm

- Flecha de control

Fc ≔ ft - fen = 17.96 mm

- Flecha admisible

L
Fadm ≔ ―― = 8.33 mm
240

- Verificación
if Fadm > Fc | = “Cambiar seccion”
‖ |
‖ “OK” |
else |
|
‖ |
‖ “Cambiar seccion” |
Se debe cambiar la sección o buscar otra alternativa para reducir la flecha

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