VSB Method

• VSB – Vestigial Side Band – Compromise between DSB & SSB

• In VSB method, the desired sideband is allowed completely and just a small
portion (trace/vestige) of the undesired sideband is allowed

• The transmitted vestige of undesired sideband component compensates for

the loss of wanted sideband

• Bandwidth and power requirement is greater than SSB and lesser than DSB

• Filters doesn’t require sharp cutoff frequency

• Used in transmission of picture signal in TV

 VSB Modulator

• To generate the VSB signal, first generate the DSB-SC signal and send it to the
sideband filter
• The modulating signal x(t) is applied to a product modulator
• The output of the carrier oscillator is also applied to the other input of the
product modulator
 VSB Modulator
• The output of the product modulator is given as
m(t)  x(t).c(t)
m(t)  Vc cos 2fct.x(t)    (1)
Applying fourier transform on both sides
Vc
M( f ) [ X ( f  f c )  X ( f  f c )]    (2)
2
• This DSB-SC signal is given to SSB filter which pass the wanted
sideband and vestige of unwanted sideband
• Let the transfer function of the filter be H(f)
• Hence, the spectrum of the VSB modulated signal is given as
S( f )  M( f ) H ( f )
Vc
S ( f )  [ X ( f  f c )  X ( f  f c )]H ( f )    (3)
2
 Spectrum of VSB signal

Spectrum of message signal

Spectrum of VSB signal

• The transmission bandwidth of the VSB modulated wave is given as

BW  f m  fv fm = Message bandwidth
fv = Width of the vestigial sideband
 VSB Demodulator

• The VSB modulated wave is passed through a product modulator

where it is multiplied with the locally generated synchronous carrier
 VSB Demodulator
• The output of the product modulator is given as
m(t)  s(t).c(t)
m(t)  Vc cos 2f c t.s(t)    (1)
• Taking Fourier transform on both sides, we get

Vc
S ( f )  [ X ( f  f c )  X ( f  f c )]H ( f )    (3)
2
• Sub Eq.(3) in Eq.(2)
 VSB Demodulator
Vc2
M(f )  X ( f  2 fc )H ( f  fc )  X ( f  2 fc )H ( f  fc )
2
2
V
 c {X ( f )[H ( f  f c )  H ( f  f c )}   (4)
4
• The first term in the above expression represents the VSB modulated wave,
corresponding to a carrier frequency of 2fc
• This term will be eliminated by the filter to produce output vo(t)
• The second term in the above expression for M(f) represents the spectrum of
demodulated VSB output
2
V0 ( f )  Vc
{X ( f )[H ( f  f c )  H ( f  f c )}   (5)
4
 VSB Demodulator

In order to obtain the undistorted message signal x(t) at the output of

the demodulator, Vo(f) should be a scaled version of X(f) .

For this the transfer function H(f) should satisfy the following conditions :

Where H( fc) is constant .

 VSB Modulation − Advantages

 Highly efficient.

 Reduction in bandwidth.

 Filter design is easy as high accuracy is not needed.

 The transmission of low frequency components is possible, without

difficulty.

 Possesses good phase characteristics.

 VSB Modulation − Disadvantages

 Bandwidth when compared to SSB is greater.

 Demodulation is complex.
 VSB Modulation − Application

 The most prominent and standard application of VSB is for the transmission
of television signals.

 Also, this is the most convenient and efficient technique when bandwidth usage is
considered.