THOUGH, ALTHOUGH, IN SPITE OF, DESPITE

Phần I. Lý thuyết:
1. Although/ Even though/ Though:
- Ba liên từ này thường ở đầu câu hoặc giữa hai mệnh đề. Nếu đứng đầu câu thì giữa 2 mệnh đề phải
có dấu phẩy.
- Although/ though/ even though đều có cùng nghĩa nhưng though khi đứng ở đầu câu giúp câu nói
trở nên trang trọng hơn so với khi nó đứng giữa hai mệnh đề còn even though mang nghĩa nhấn mạnh
hơn.
- Đôi khi trong văn nói, chúng ta thường dùng though ở cuối câu.
- Cấu trúc: 
Although/ though/ even though + S + V...., S + V…
Ex: Although I don’t agree with him, I think he’s honest. (Mặc dù tôi không đồng ý với anh ta nhưng
tôi nghĩ anh ta rất thành thật.)

2. In spite of/ Despite:

- Cấu trúc: 
In spite of/ Despite + Noun/ Noun phrase/ Gerund phrase
Ex: Despite being ill, Mary still went to school. (Dù bị ốm nhưng Mary vẫn đi học.)
- Despite và in spite of đứng trước một danh từ
- Despite và in spite of đứng trước đại từ (this/ that/ what)
- Despite và in spite of đứng trước V-ing
- Chúng ta có thể sử dụng in spite of và despite với cụm từ “the fact that”
- Cả despite và in spite of có thể được dùng ở mệnh đề đầu hoặc mệnh đề thứ hai đều được

3. Các công thức biến đổi câu với Although sang câu với Despite:
- Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề giống nhau thì ta bỏ chủ ngữ rồi lấy động từ thêm –ing:
Although + S + V → In spite of/ Despite + V_ing
Ex: Although he was ill, he still went to school.
⇒ Despite being ill, he still went to school.
- Nếu chủ ngữ là danh từ + be + tính từ thì ta đem tính từ đặt trước danh từ, bỏ to be:
Although + The + N + Be + Adj → In spite of/Despite + The + Adj + N
Ex: Although the car was dirty, he didn’t wash it.
⇒ Despite / in spite of the dirty car, he didn’t wash it.
- Nếu chủ ngữ là đại từ + be + tính từ thì ta đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, đổi tính từ thành danh từ, bỏ be:
Although + S + Be + Adj → In spite of/ Despite + His /her/ their + N
Ex: Although he was ill, he still went to school.
⇒ Despite his illness, he still went to school.
- Thêm "the fact that" trước mệnh đề:
 Although + S + V → In spite of/ Despite + The fact that + S + V
Ex: Although I studied very hard, I failed the placement test.
⇒ Despite the fact that I studied very hard, I failed the placement test.

Phần II. Bài tập:

Bài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng:
1. _______ he likes chocolate, he tries not to eat it.
A. as B.though C. since D. despite
2. _______________ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
3. _______________, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired C. In spite being tired
B. Although to be tired D. Despite tired
4. ________________ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. Because B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
5. She left him _______________ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
6. I could not eat ____ I was very hungry.
A. even though C. despite
B. in spite D. in spite the fact that
7. In spite _____, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain C. it was raining
B. of the rain D. there was a rain
8. ______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
9. ______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired C. In spite being tired
B. Although to be tired D. Despite tired
10. The children slept well, despite _____.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
11. She left him __________ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
12. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. in spite of D. despite of
13. _______ they are brothers, they do not look like.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
14. Last night we came to the show late _______the traffic was terrible.
A. although B. despite C. and D. because
15. _______there is a lot of noise in the city, I prefer living there.
A. despite B. in spite of C. because of D. though
16. _______ the weather, we went sailing.
A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. A and B
17. _______Hudson led early, he lost the race.
A. though B. although C. even though D. all are correct

Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng:

1. Mr. Ba was late for the meeting though he took a taxi.
A. Even though taking a taxi, Mr. Ba was late for the meeting.
B. In spite of taking a taxi, but Mr. Ba was late for the meeting.
C. Mr. Ba was late for the meeting despite the fact he took a taxi.
D. Mr. Ba was late for the meeting although having taken a taxi.
2. We came to the meeting on time though the traffic was heavy.
A. Despite the traffic was heavy; we came to the meeting on time.
B. In spite of the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
C. Even though the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
D. Although the traffic was heavy, but we came to the meeting on time.
3. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert whether he took a taxi or not.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Bill took a taxi to the concert, but he couldn’t catch it.
4. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.
A. She doesn’t have enough money to buy the car she likes.
B. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.
C. The car is too expensive for her to buy.
D. She wants to buy the car but it costs a lot.
5. Although Sue felt tired, she stayed up late talking to Jill.
A. Despite feeling tired, Sue stayed up late talking to Jill.
B. In spite feeling tired, Sue stayed up late talking to Jill.
C. Sue wouldn’t feel tired despite staying up late talking to Jill.
D. Sue stayed up late talking to Jill. As a result, she was tired.
6. In spite of not speaking French, Mike decided to settle in Paris.
A. Even though Mike didn’t speak French, but he decided to settle in Paris.
B. Mike decided to settle in Paris despite he didn’t speak French.
C. Mike decided to settle in Paris though the fact that not speaking French.
D. Although Mike didn’t speak French; he decided to settle in Paris.

Bài 3: Viết lại câu:

1. Although Nam is not an intelligent student, he can learn very fast.
⇒ Despite / In spite of __________________________________________
2. Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________
3. Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________
4. His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________
5. Because there was an accident, I was late.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________
6. She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________
7. Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful business man.
⇒ Despite __________________________________________
8. Because of the cheap price, my wife insists on buying the Tivi.
⇒ Because __________________________________________
9. Although it was raining heavily, we still went to school.
⇒ Despite / In spite of __________________________________________
10. Because I studied hard, I passed the exam.
⇒ Because of __________________________________________

Bài 4: Điền although, despite/in spite of. Có thể dùng 2 lựa chọn:
1. ______ the story of the film was good, I didn’t like the acting.
2. I went to see the film ______ feeling really tired.
3.I really enjoyed the Water War_____ most of my friends said it wasn’t a very good film.
4. ______ careful preparation, they had a lot of difficulties in making the film.
5. ______ the film was gripping, Tom slept from beginning to end.

Bài 5: Dùng "Although" + những từ trong bảng dưới đây để điền vào chỗ trống:

I didn't speak the language he has a very important job

I had never seen her before we don't like them very much
 It was quite cold the heating was on

I'd met her twice before we've known each other a long time

1. _____________________, he isn't particularly well-paid.

2. ____________________ , I recognized her from a photograph.
3. She wasn't wearing a coat ____________________
4. We thought we'd better invite them to them to the party ____________________
5. ____________________, I managed to make myself understood.
6. ____________________, the room wasn't warm.
7. I didn't recognize her____________________
8. We're not very good friends ____________________