MỆNH ĐỀ NHƯỢNG BỘ (CLAUSES OF CONCESSION):

CẤU TRÚC, CÁCH DÙNG, VÍ DỤ

 1. Mệnh đề nhượng bộ là gì? - CLAUSES OF CONCESSION

 2. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ nhượng bộ với Although, Even though, Though
 3. Một số cấu trúc khác của mệnh đề nhượng bộ
 4. Cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ
 5. Bài tập thực hành về mệnh đề nhượng bộ
o 5.1. Bài tập
o 5.2. Đáp án

1. Mệnh đề nhượng bộ là gì? - CLAUSES OF CONCESSION

Mệnh đề nhượng bộ (Clauses of concession) là một bộ phận trong câu phức, dùng để diễn tả sự
tương phản với mệnh đề chính trong câu.

Nếu trong câu đã có trạng từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ rồi thì không được dùng “but”.

Ví dụ. Although she worked very hard, she couldn't get a promotion. (Mặc dù cô ấy làm việc rất
vất vả nhưng cô ấy vẫn không thể thăng chức.)

=> She worked very hard but she couldn't get a promotion.

2. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ nhượng bộ với Although, Even though, Though

Liên từ Although, Even though và Though được dùng trong các mệnh đề nhượng bộ.

Cấu trúc:

 Although / Even though / Though + S1 + V1, S2 + V2

 S2 + V2 + although / even though / though + S1 + V1.

Mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề nhượng bộ có thể đổi chỗ cho nhau.

Ví dụ.
  Although it was raining, he walked to the park.

= He walked to the park although it was raining. (Mặc dù trời đang mưa,anh ta vẫn đi đến công
viên.)

3. Một số cấu trúc khác của mệnh đề nhượng bộ

Bên cạnh Although / Even though / Though, mệnh đề nhượng bộ còn có những cấu trúc khác.

 Mệnh đề nhượng bộ với WH-over

Cấu trúc: WH-over + S1 + (may) + V1, S2+ V2.

Ví dụ. Whoever she may be, we don’t believe what she says. (Dù cô ấy là ai, chúng tôi không tin
những gì cô ta nói.)

 Mệnh đề nhượng bộ với No matter

Cấu trúc: No matter + WH-word + S1 + V1, S2 + V2.

Ví dụ. No matter what Jane says, no one believes her. (Dù Jane nói gì, không ai tin cô ấy.)

 Mệnh đề nhượng bộ với It doesn’t matter

Cấu trúc: It doesn’t matter + WH-word + S1 + V1, S2 + V2.

Ví dụ. It doesn’t matter what she says,she's always your sister. (Dù cô ấy nói gì, anh ấy vẫn là
chị gái của anh.)

 Mệnh đề nhượng bộ với However

Cấu trúc: However + adj / adv + S1 + (may) + V1, S2 + V2.

Ví dụ. However sad Anne was, she came to the party. (Mặc dù không vui, Anne vẫn đến tham
dự bữa tiệc.)
 Một số cấu trúc khác của mệnh đề nhượng bộ

 Mệnh đề nhượng bộ với Though / As

Cấu trúc 1: Adjective / Adverb + though / as + S1 + (may) + V1, S2 + V2.

Ví dụ. Hard as he studied, he couldn’t pass the exam. (Dù học chăm chỉ, anh ấy vẫn không thi
qua kì thi được.)

Cấu trúc 2: Verb + O /A + as / though + S1 + may, S2 + V2

Ví dụ. Work hard as he may, he can’t support his family. (Dù làm việc cần cù, anh ấy không
nuôi sống nổi gia đình.)

4. Cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ

Ngoài mệnh đề nhượng bộ, ta còn có thể rút gọn chúng thành cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ bởi các
giới từ: despite, in spite of, regardless of.

Cấu trúc. Despite / In spite of / Regardless of + Noun / V-ing (+ N/ Adv), S + V.

Ví dụ.

 Despite the very difficult test, he was able to do it well. (Mặc dù bài thi rất khó, anh ấy
luôn có khả năng hoàn thành nó tốt.)
 In spite of studying hard, he couldn’t get good marks in this exam. (Mặc dù chăm học,
anh ấy vẫn không thể đạt được kết quả tốt trong kì thi này.)

Lưu ý: Chúng ta cũng có thể dùng “in spite of the fact (that)” hoặc “despite the fact (that)”.

Ví dụ:She passed the exam in spite of the fact (that) / despite the fact (that) she didn’t study hard.

(Cô ấy vẫn đỗ kỳ thi dù là cô ấy không chăm học.)

5. Bài tập thực hành về mệnh đề nhượng bộ

5.1. Bài tập

Bài 1: Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây, sử dụng Although, Despite, In spite of. Có thể sử
dụng 2 đáp án trong 1 câu.

1.______ the story of the film was good, I didn’t like the actor.

2.I went to see the film ______ feeling tired.

3.I really enjoyed Harry Potter______ most of my friends said it wasn’t a very good film.

4.______ careful preparation, they had lots of difficulties in making the film.

5.______ the film was gripping, Jack slept from beginning to end.

6.________________ she has a good look, no one likes her.

7. Jane seldom sees Jim ________________ they go to the same company.

8. ________________ her illness, Jane went to school yesterday.

9. ________________ it was chilly outside, we went for a picnic.

10. ________________ working hard, Peter failed the examination.

11. ________________ the difficulties, Susan tried to solve the problem.

12. My grandmother was very strong ________________ hẻ old age.

13. The children slept deeply ________________ the noisy talk.

14. ________________ the good salary, Marian refused the job offer.

15. ________________ earning a good salary, Emma never wastes her money.
16. I feel the film is boring________________ many people like it.

17. ________________the bad weather, we went for a picnic.

18. ________________the traffic jam, we weren’t late for the meeting.

19. ________________ he’s rich, he is always sad.

20. I couldn’t sleep________________ I was tired.

Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. We adore autumn ________ the cool.

A. in spite of

B. although

C. however

2. She went to bed early ________ she didn’t finish her homework.

A. despite

B. although

C. however

3. ________ the fact that he is 25 years old, he is so childish.

A. In spite

B. Despite

C. However

4. I usually go to school by bus. ________, I don’t like it.

A. Despite

C. Although

D. However

5. ________ John owns two cars, he rarely drives to work.

A. Despite

B. Although

C. However

6. The athlete completed the race ________ his pain.

A. despite

B. although

C. nevertheless

7. Emma looks pretty. She, ________, seems to lack personality.

A. despite

B. although

C. nevertheless

8. ________ we have a slim chance to win, we won’t lose hope.

A. Despite

B. Although

C. However
9. ________ of his bad luck, she won the medal.

A. In spite

B. Despite

C. However

10. Jack is friendly ________ the fact that he’s very famous.

A. despite

B. although

C. however

11. I could not eat ____ I was really hungry.

A. even though

B. in spite

C. despite

12. In spite _____, the baseball game was not canceled.

A. the rain

B. of the rain

C. it was raining

13. ______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a house.

A. In spite of

B. Despite
C. Although

14. ______, he walked to the station.

A. Despite being tired

B. Although to be tired

C. In spite being tired

15. The children slept well, despite _____.

A. the noise

B. of the noise

C. noisy

16. She left him __________ she still loved him.

A. even though

B. in spite of

C. despite

17. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.

A. Even though

B. in spite of

C. despite of

18. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.

A. Although
B. Despite

C. In spite of

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. Mr. Alexx was late for the meeting though he took a taxi.

A. Even though taking a taxi, Mr.Alex was late for the meeting.

B. In spite of taking a taxi, but Mr.Alex was late for the meeting.

C. Mr.Alex was late for the meeting despite the fact he took a taxi.

D. Mr.Alex was late for the meeting although having taken a taxi.

2. We came to the meeting on time though the traffic was terrible.

A. Despite the traffic was terrible, we came to the meeting on time.

B. In spite of the terrible traffic, we came to the meeting on time.

C. Even though the terrible traffic, we came to the meeting on time.

D. Although the traffic was terrible, but we came to the meeting on time.

3. Although he took a taxi, Nam still arrived late for the concert.

A. Nam arrived late for the concert whether he took a taxi or not.

B. Nam arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.

C. In spite of taking a taxi, Nam arrived late for the concert.

D. Nam took a taxi to the concert, but he couldn’t catch it.

4. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy a new car.

A. She doesn’t have enough money to buy a new car she likes.

B. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy a new car.

C. A new car is too expensive for her to buy.

D. She wants to buy a new car but it costs a lot.

5. Although Anna felt tired, she stayed up late talking to Tom.

A. Despite feeling tired, Anna stayed up late talking to Tom.

B. In spite of feeling tired, Anna stayed up late talking to Tom.

C. Anna wouldn’t feel tired despite staying up late talking to Tom.

D. Anna stayed up late talking to Tom. As a result, she was tired.

Bài 4: Viết lại câu với từ gợi ý cho trước

1. I couldn't sleep. I was very tired.

(despite). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. They have very little money. They are happy.

(in spite of) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. My foot was injured. I managed to walk to the nearest village.

(although) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. I enjoyed the film. The story was silly.

(in spite of) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. We live on the same street. We hardly ever see each other.

(despite) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. I got very wet in the rain. I was only out for five minutes.

(even though) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .