Ôn tập lý thuyết về because và because of, though và although

Tóm tắt lý thuyết

1. Cách dùng:
– Because và because of: Diễn tả mối quan hệ giữa nguyên nhân và kết quả, mang nghĩa là “vì, bởi vì, do”.
– Though, although, even though,Despite và inspite of: Diễn tả sự tương phản khi hai sự việc, sự vật, hiện tượng khác nhau hay đối lập nhau, mang
nghĩa là “mặc dù, tuy”.
2. Cấu trúc:
2.1. Cấu trúc của because và because of:
– Because:= as =since
+ Because + S + V + O, S + V + O. (có phẩy)
+ S + V + O + because + S + V + O. (không phẩy)
– Because of:
+ Because of + N/ noun phrase/ V-ing, S + V + O. (có phẩy)
+ S + V + O + because of + N/ noun phrase/ V-ing. (không phẩy)
2.2. Cấu trúc của though và although,Despite và inspite of
– Though/ Although/ Even though + mệnh đề phụ, mệnh đề chính. (có phẩy)
Mệnh đề chính though/ although/ even though + mệnh đề phụ. (không phẩy)
- Despite/ In spite of + (cụm) danh từ/ v-ing , mệnh đề.
Mệnh đề + despite/ in spite of + (cụm) danh từ/ v-ing.
(*) Lưu ý:
– Trong 3 từ, “even though” biểu hiện sự tương phản mạnh mẽ nhất, rồi giảm dần xuống “although” và cuối cùng là “though”.
– “Although” thường được dùng trong văn viết với sắc thái trang trọng (formal). Còn “Though” thì được sử dụng phổ biến trong văn nói, với
sắc thái informal.
3. Quy tắc chuyển câu từ “because” sang “because of”:
– Khi chủ ngữ của 2 vế trong câu là 1: Because + S + V1 + O1, S + V2 + O2. => Because + V1-ing + O1, S + V2 + O2.
– Mệnh đề “because” ở dạng “danh từ + tobe + tính từ”: Because + N + to be + Adj => Because of + (mạo từ) + Adj + N.
– Mệnh đề “because” ở dạng “đại từ nhân xưng + to be + tính từ”: Because + đại từ nhân xưng + to be + Adj => Because of + Adj sở hữu + N.
– Mệnh đề “because” ở dạng “S + V + trạng từ”: Because + S + V + Adv => Because of + (mạo từ/ Adj sở hữu) + Adj + N.
– Mệnh đề “because” ở dạng “There + to be + danh từ”: Because + there + to be + N => Because of + N.
– Dùng “the fact that”, giữ mệnh đề phía sau: Because + S + V + O => Because of + the fact that + S + V + O.

CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI ALTHOUGH/ THOUGH => DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF

Feb

⏩⏩⏩Nguyên tắc chung cần nhớ là :

- Although/ though + mệnh đề
- Despite / in spite of + cụm từ ( danh từ hoặc verb-ing)
⏩⏩⏩Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau:
️1) Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau:
- Bỏ chủ từ ,động từ thêm ING .
- E.g: Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.
=> Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time.
2) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ
- Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ, bỏ to be
Although the rain is heavy,.......
=> Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ......
3) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + be + tính từ :
- Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu ,đổi tính từ thành danh từ ,bỏ be
Although He was sick,........
=> Despite / in spite of his sickness,.......
4) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + động từ + trạng từ
- Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ ,trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước danh từ
Although He behaved impolitely,.....
=> Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,.........
5) Nếu câu có dạng : there be + danh từ
- Thì bỏ there be
Although there was an accident ,.....
=> Despite / in spite of an accident,......
6) Nếu câu có dạng : It (be) + tính từ về thời tiết
ð Đổi tính từ thành danh từ thêm the phía trước.
Although it was rainy, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the rain, ……….
Các tính từ và danh từ thường gặp trong mẫu này là:
Foggy => fog ( sương mù )
Snowy => snow (tuyết)
Rainy => rain (mưa)
Stormy => storm ( bão)
7) Nếu câu có dạng: Danh từ + (be) + p.p ( câu bị động)
=> Đổi p.p thành danh từ, thêm the phía trước và of phía sau, danh từ câu trên đem xuống để sau of
Although television was invented, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the invention of television, ……….
8 ) Phương pháp cuối cùng cũng là phương pháp dễ nhất: thêm the fact that trước mệnh đề.
Phương pháp này áp dụng được cho mọi câu mà không cần phân tích xem nó thuộc mẫu này, tuy nhiên phương pháp này
không được khuyến khích sử dụng vì suy cho cùng những biến đổi trên đây là rèn luyện cho các bạn cách sử dụng các cấu
trúc câu, do đó nếu câu nào cũng thêm the fact that rồi viết lại hết thì các bạn sẽ không nâng cao được trình độ. Phương pháp
này chỉ áp dụng khi gặp câu quá phức tạp mà không có cách nào biến đổi. Một trường hợp khác mà các bạn có thể sử dụng
nữa là : trong lúc đi thi gặp câu khó mà mình quên cách biển đổi .
Although he behaved impolitely,.....
=> Despite / in spite of the fact that he behaved impolitely,.....
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with because or because of

(Bài tập 1: Hoàn thành câu với because hoặc because of)
1. I couldn’t arrive on time ………. I missed the train.
2. We canceled the trip ………. bad weather.
3. We hurried indoors ………. it was raining.
4. I am not allowed into the club ………. I am not 21 years old yet.
5. She passed the test ………. she had a good teacher.
6. I couldn’t understand him ………. his strange accent.
7. She didn’t pass the test ………. she didn’t study well.
8. He can’t walk ………. arthritis.
9. I prefer driving ………. I want to listen to music in the car.
10. We got into trouble ………. you.
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer A, B

(Bài tập 2: Trắc nghiệm chọn đáp án đúng A, B)

Bài tập chọn đáp án đúng
1. I was late this morning ………. the traffic.
 A. because
 B. because of
2. I came back ………. I’d forgotten my briefcase.
 A. because
 B. because of
3. I’m asking you ………. I want to know your opinion.
 A. because
 B. because of
4. Paul moved to Paris ………. his job.
 A. because
 B. because of
5. John crashed his Truck ………. he was driving too fast.
 A. because
 B. because of
6. I cannot come ………. the bad weather.
 A. because
 B. because of
7. They canceled the event ………. the bad weather forecast.
 A. because
 B. because of
8. The team won the game ………. they practiced diligently.
 A. because
 B. because of
9. She can’t drive ………. her blindness.
 A. because
 B. because of
10. The bank closed down ………. the recession.
 A. because
 B. because of
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences so that their meaning stays the same with because or because of
(Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi với because hoặc because of)
1. The train was delayed because there was a thick fog.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
2. Because of his honesty, he gains everyone’s trust.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
3. The cake was delicious because she followed the recipe carefully.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
4. She was absent from school because her mother was sick.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
5. Because of her dedication to education, she earned a scholarship.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
6. Because she saved money, she could afford the trip.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
7. We couldn’t study because some classmates were noisy in class.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
8. Mary can’t sleep because of her husband’s loud snoring.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
9. All the teachers love him because his academic performance and conduct are good.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
10. He was praised at work because of his innovative ideas.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 4: Choose the correct answer A, B, C

(Bài tập 4: Trắc nghiệm chọn đáp án đúng A, B, C)

1. ………. my grandparents are very old, they can still read slowly without glasses.
 A. Even if
 B. However
 C. Although
2. ………. it was an old song, it still resonated with the audience at the concert.
 A. Because
 B. In spite of
 C. Although
3. ………. he was very tired, he completed his work in the office.
 A. Though
 B. Because
 C. Cả 2 đáp án sai
4. ………. the school offers a variety of extracurricular activities, some students prefer to focus solely on academics.
 A. Despite
 B. Though
 C. As though
5. ………. they gave him the best medical care, they could not save his life.
 A. However B. Even if C. Although
6. ………. they were apart, they felt close through their Christmas video calls.
 A. Even if
 B. Although
 C. Because
7. ………. she had the required qualifications, she did not get the job.
 A. As though
 B. Even if
 C. Although
8. ………. they have different interests, they respect each other’s passions.
 A. Though
 B. Because
 C. Cả 2 đáp án sai
9. ………. they are rich, they lead simple lives.
 A. Despite
 B. Although
 C. As though
10. ………. he had prepared extensively for the IELTS exam, his nerves got the better of him during the speaking test.
 A. Even if
 B. As though
 C. Although
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences so that their meaning stays the same with although or though

(Bài tập 5: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi với although hoặc though)
Bài tập viết lại câu
1. They saw each other every day. They did not know each other well enough.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
2. He went on vacation this summer too. He had a lot of financial problems.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
3. Sara had all the necessary qualifications. She could not qualify for the job.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
4. She lived in France for three years. She can hardly understand French.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
5. She will not trust Sam. She knows he is a kind guy.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
6. She brushes her teeth regularly. She still has a lot of cavity problems.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
7. I had to use the stairs. I was exhausted.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
8. I study really hard. My parents are never pleased with my grades.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
9. Her mother was very busy. She cooked a delicious meal for us.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
10. She is very beautiful. We all hate her.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 6: Complete the sentences with because, because of, although or though

(Bài tập 6: Hoàn thành câu với because, because of, although hoặc though)
1. ………. she is beautiful, everybody hates her.
2. He didn’t go to the event ………. he had a prior commitment.
3. We had a wonderful time on the hike ………. the beautiful scenery.
4. Jane rarely sees Alan ………. they are neighbors.
5. ………. I was very hungry, I couldn’t eat.
6. I like going to the beach ………. I love swimming in the sea.
7. Liza never talked to him ………. she loved him.
8. I went to the hospital ………. I was feeling very ill.
9. ………. it was cold, Marie didn’t put on her coat.
10. She refused the job ………. the low salary.
Exercise 7: Fill in the blanks with because, because of, although or though

(Bài tập 7: Điền vào chỗ trống với because, because of, although hoặc though)
1. She succeeded in the exam ………. she had studied very hard.
2. They had to cancel the game ………. the bad weather.
3. ………. it was a simple dinner, the laughter made it a perfect Christmas.
4. He couldn’t concentrate on his work ………. the noisy environment.
5. We had to leave the party early ………. we had an early meeting the next day.
6. ………. a scholarship covers tuition, living expenses are still a challenge.
7. The work environment wasn’t ideal ………. the salary was attractive.
8. ………. his lack of experience, he couldn’t manage to complete the project on time.
9. He failed the test ………. he didn’t study enough.
10. She couldn’t answer the question ………. she didn’t know the answer.
 Bài tập Although, Inspite of, Despite lớp 7
Bản quyền thuộc về VnDoc nghiêm cấm mọi hành vi sao chép vì mục đích thương mại
I/ Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning
1. Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
In spite of ______________________________________
2. Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
Despite ________________________________________
3. My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
In spite of ______________________________________
4. Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite ________________________________________
5. In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
Although _______________________________________
6. He didn’t win an Oscar for Best Actor although he performed excellently.
Despite ________________________________________
7. The plot wasn’t very interesting, but the special effects were spectacular.
Although _______________________________________
8. Despite his English-sounding name, James Martin is in fact German.
Although _______________________________________
II/ Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D
1. ___________ an all- star cast, Hotel Artemis was a total box- office failure.
A. Because of
B. Although
C. Despite
D. In spite
2. Last night, I didn’t go to bed early ____________ being very tired.
A.despite of
B. in spite of
C. although
D. because
3. _____________ he spent much money on the film, it wasn’t a big success.
A. Even B. But C. Although D. Despite
4. We didn’t find it funny_____________it was a comedy.
A.in spite of
B. despite
C. although
D. but
5. _______________ careful preparation, we have a lot of difficulties in making a new film.
A.With
B. However
C. Such
D. Despite
6. My younger sister didn’t choose that job________________ the salary was high.
A. so
B. in spite of
C. though
D. Despite
7. ____________having a broken leg, she took part in the competition.
A. However
B. Although
C. In spite of
D. Because
8. We didn’t go camping that day_________ the nice weather.
A. but
B. despite
C. although
D. though
9. Jimmy had done his homework; ____________, his mother didn’t let him go out.
A. though
B. in spite of
C. because
D. however
10. _____________ working very hard, he lost his job.
A. Despite
B. However
C. But
D. because
III/ Complete the sentences with although, despite, in spite of
1. Linda rarely sees Tom ______________ they live in the same town.
2. ______________ the weather was cold, we enjoyed our trip.
3. ______________ earning a low salary, Linda gave money to her parents
4. Hung went to work ______________ not feeling very well.
5. ______________ it was hot, she didn’t put on her hat when going out.
6. ______________ getting up late, she went to class on time.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences by using in spite of, although and despite
1. He broke his leg. He went to work. (Although)
_________________________________________________
1. There was a long queue. But we enjoyed seeing Eifffel. (Although)
_________________________________________________
2. He didn’t get the job. But he had all neccessary qualifications. (Despite)
_________________________________________________
3. The weather was bad. But we went to out. (In spite of)
_________________________________________________
4. There was a lot of noise in the house. But the children slept well. (Despite)
_________________________________________________
5. Paul and Mark live in the same town. But they rarely see each other. (Although)
_________________________________________________
V. Complete the sentences with although or in spite of
1. ………………. we are a small country, we sell almost a hundred machines a month.
2. ………………. all the difficulties, the project started on time and was a success.
3. ………………. we were warned against doing so, we went ahead with the project.
4. ………………. his lack of experience, he became a successful businessman.
5. ………………. being by far the oldest player, he scored three goals.
6. ………………. he’s millionaire, he drives a second-hand car.
7. ………………. all my careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.
8. ………………. I had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
9. I love music ………………. I can’t play a musical instrument.
10. ………………. being very tired, we carried on walking.
11. The heating was on, but ………………. this the house was still cold.
12. Keith decided to give up his job ………………. I advised him not to.
VI. Complete the second sentence using the word in brackets so that it has the same meaning as the first one
1. I love him despite his faults.
I love him ___________________________________ his faults. (OF)
2. Although he is very old, he is strong.
___________________________________, he is strong. (IN)
3. In spite of searching high and low, Tom couldn’t find his wallet.
___________________________________, Tom couldn’t find his wallet. (Despite)
4. Although she is sick, she will work.
___________________________________, she will work. (DESPITE)
5. He remained poor despite being a hard worker.
___________________________________, he remained poor. (ALTHOUGH)
6. Despite their efforts, they didn’t succeed.
___________________________________, they didn’t succeed. (IN)
VII/ Rewrite the following sentences by using in spite of, although or despite
1. There was a long queue. But we enjoyed seeing Eiffel. (Although)
_________________________________________________________________
2. They have a lot of money. But they are still not happy. (Although)
_________________________________________________________________
3. The weather was bad. But we went out. (In spite of)
_________________________________________________________________
4. There was a lot of noise in the house. But the children slept well. (Despite)
_________________________________________________________________
5. Paul and Mark live in the same town. But they rarely see each other. (Although)
_________________________________________________________________
6. Even though the work was very hard, we enjoyed doing that job. (in spite of)
_________________________________________________________________
7. Although Jane has very little money, she is happy. (despite)
_________________________________________________________________
8. In spite of her injured foot, she managed to walk to the village. (although)
_________________________________________________________________
9. Despite the low salary, I decided to accept the job. (even though)
_________________________________________________________________
10. In spite of being the better team, we lost the match. (though)
_________________________________________________________________