Random Variables

Learner's Module in Statistics and

Probability
Quarter 3 ● Module 1 ● Week 1

FLORENCE D. PALASI
Developer
Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region

NAME:________________________ GRADE AND SECTION: ____________

TEACHER: ____________________ SCORE: _________________________
 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY
No. 82 Military Cut-off, Baguio City

Published by:
DepEd Schools Division of Baguio City
Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2021

Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:

“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”

This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum
through the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID) - Learning Resources
Management and Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for
educational purposes and the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the
work including creating an edited version, an enhancement or a supplementary work
are permitted provided all original work is acknowledged and the copyright is
attributed. No work may be derived from this material for commercial purposes and profit.

ii
 PREFACE

This module is a project of particularly the Learning Resources Management

and Development Unit, Department of Education, Schools Division of Baguio City
which is in response to the implementation of the K to 12 Curriculum.

This Learning Material is a property of the Department of Education - CID,

Schools Division of Baguio City. It aims to improve students’ performance
specifically in Statistics and Probability.

Date of Development :February 2021

Resource Location :Schools Division of Baguio City
Learning Area :Mathematics
Grade Level :11
Learning Resource Type :Module
Language :English
Quarter/Week :Q3/W1
Learning Competencies /Codes : The learner…
1. illustrates random variable (discrete
and continuous) (M11/12SP-llla-1);
2. distinguishes between discrete and
continuous random variable
(M11/12SP-llla-2);
3. finds the possible values of a random
variable (M11/12SP-llla-3);
4. illustrates a probability distribution for
a discrete random variable and its
properties (, M11/12SP-llla-4); and
5. computes probabilities corresponding
to a given random variable
(M11/12SP-llla-6).

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The developer wishes to express her gratitude to those who helped in the
development of this learning material. The fulfillment of this learning material would
not be possible without them.

She is thankful to those who gave moral and technical support in the crafting
of this learning module. To her colleagues in school for sharing their knowledge and
expertise as she develops this learning resource. Lastly, to the office of DepEd
Division of Baguio City for giving her the opportunity to discover her skills as a
module writer.

Development Team
Developer: Florence D. Palasi
Layout Artist: Jopie B. Ferrer

School Learning Resources Management Committee

Ma. Joan D. Andayan School Head / Principal
Pia P. Duligas Assistant School Head
Genevieve C. Tudlong School LR Coordinator
Aurea D. Daweng Master Specialist
Kathy D. Papcio Learning Area Coordinator

Quality Assurance Team

Francisco C. Copsiyan EPS – Mathematics
Santiago L. Bugtong PSDS – District 7
Niño E. Martinez Head Teacher VI/ Subject Specialist
Jopie B. Ferrer T-III, BCNHS – SHS LR Coordinator

Learning Resource Management Section Staff

Armi Victoria A. Fiangaan EPS – LRMDS
Christopher David G. Oliva Project Development Officer II – LRMDS
Priscilla A. Dis-iw Librarian II
Lily B. Mabalot Librarian I
Ariel Botacion Admin. Assistant

CONSULTANTS

JULIET C. SANNAD, EdD

Chief Education Supervisor – CID

CHRISTOPHER C. BENIGNO, PhD

OIC – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

MARIE CAROLYN B. VERANO, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COPYRIGHT NOTICE ………………………………………………………...…..….…ii
PREFACE …………………………………………………………………..…………… iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………. ……………..…iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………. ...…v
TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………1
What I Need to Know ……………………………………………………….……..….…2
What I Know…………………………………………………………………..…….….…3
What’s In……………………………………………………………………….……….… 4
What’s New…………………………………………………………………….……….…4
What Is It……. ……………………………………….……………….……….……….…5
What’s More……. ……………………………………...………………………….….…13
Activity 1 …………………………………………………………………………..13
Activity 2 …………………………………………………………………………..13
What I Have Learned……………………………………………………………...….…14
What I Can Do…….………………………………………………...……………..….…14
Post-Assessment …………………...…………………………………………….….…15
Additional Activities……………………………………………….……………….….…16
ANSWER KEY…………………………………………………….…………….…….…17
REFERENCES ……….………………………………………………...……...….….…18

v
 Random Variables
Learner's Module in Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 3 ● Module 1 ● Week 1

FLORENCE D. PALASI
Developer
Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region

1
 What I Need to Know
Welcome to this module on RANDOM VARIABLES!

This module is intended to help you, learners, understand and master the random
variable. It is designed to equip you with essential knowledge about the said topic
and skills on discrete and continuous random variable.

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

This module contains several lessons. To make the most out of it, you need to do
the following:
1. Scan the list of Learning Objectives to get an idea of the knowledge and skills you
are expected to gain and develop as you study the module. These outcomes are
based on the content standards, performance standards, and learning
competencies of the K to 12 Curriculum Statistics and Probability.
2. Take the What I Know. Your score will determine your knowledge of the lessons
in the module. If you get 100% of the items correctly, you may proceed to the next
module. Otherwise, you must go through the lessons.
3. Each Lesson aims to develop one of the learning objectives set for the module. It
starts with an activity that will help you understand the lesson and meet the
required competencies.
4. Take your time in reading this module. Write down points for clarification. You
may discuss these points with your teacher.
5. Perform all activities and answer all worksheets. The activities and assessments
are designed to enhance your understanding of discrete and continuous random
variable. The activities will also give you an idea how well you understand the
lessons. Review the lessons if necessary, until you have achieved a satisfactory
level of understanding.
6. At the end of the module, take the Post-Assessment to evaluate your overall
understanding about the lessons.

Learning Objectives
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
1. illustrate a random variable (discrete and continuous);
2. distinguish between a discrete and continuous random variable;
3. find the possible values of a random variable;
4. illustrate a probability distribution for a discrete random variable and its properties;
and
5. compute probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.

2
 What I Know
Before the lesson proper, you are asked to answer this pre-test. This will serve as an
assessment of what you already know. Read and understand each item then write the
CAPITAL LETTER of your answer before the number.
___ 1. How many sample spaces when two coins are tossed?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 8

___ 2. Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

A. the number of residents in Irisan Barangay, Baguio City
B. the amount of paint used in your house
C. the average amount of electricity you consumed monthly
D. the time you needed to move on

___ 3. The following are discrete random variable EXCEPT _____.

A. number of candidates who filed their candidacy for presidency
B. number of calls your mother receives everyday
C. the number of apples your sister eats daily
D. the distance your father travelled to woo your mother

___ 4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the sample space when a die is tossed?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

___ 5. The following belongs to the sample space when three coins are tossed EXCEPT
_____.
A. TTT B. TT C. HHH D. HTH

For items 6-10, refer to the data below:

The following data show the probabilities for the number of cars sold in a given day
by an automotive student who became a billionaire.

Number of Cars Probability

___ 6. What is the probability that 2 cars will be sold in a particular day?
A. 0.220 B. 0.370 C. 0.390 D. 0.405

___ 7. What is the probability that the student will sell exactly 7 cars?
A. 0.015 B. 0.040 C. 0.050 D. 0.060

3
___ 8. Find P( X  8) .
A. 0.96 B. 0.97 C. 0.98 D. 0.99

___ 9. Compute P( X  8) .
A. 0.02 B. 0.03 C. 0.04 D. 0.05

___ 10. Find P(1  X  5) .

A. 0.70 B. 0.71 C. 0.72 D. 0.73

What’s In

Let us recall some concepts that will be applied in our topic through this activity.
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if wrong. Write your answer on the
space provided.

_________ 1. The value of 5! (read as “ 5 factorial”) is the same with the value of
54321 .
_________ 2. The perfect probability is 1 or 100%.
_________ 3. Sample space of an experiment or random trial is the set of all possible
outcomes or results of that experiment.
C2 or  2  has the same value with
3 3!
.
_________ 4. 3
  2!(3  2)!
3!
3
_________ 5. 2!(3  2)!

What’s New
Let’s find out if you are ready to learn our new lesson by listing the sample space of
the specified experiment. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. Tossing three coins

2. Rolling a die and tossing a coin simultaneously

4
 What Is It
To understand random variables, study lessons 1 to 4.

Lesson 1: CONCEPT OF RANDOM VARIABLES

A random variable is a variable whose values occur by chance. It is a rule or function

that assigns exactly one real number to every element in the sample space.

It is important to distinguish notation between a random variable and the possible

values it can assume. A capital letter denotes a random variable and small letter for one of
its values.

Example 1: In a random experiment of tossing two coins. Describe the the event of
“outcome of heads” by a numerical characteristics.

Sample Space Values of the Random Variable

TT 0
HT 1
TH 1
HH 2

The random variable Y = number of heads of tossing two coins.

Y y
Y 0 is equivalent to the event TT
Y 1 is equivalent to the event HT, TH
Y 2 is equivalent to the event HH

Example 2: Roll two dice and observe the number of dots on the upturned faces.

1,1, 1,2 , 1,3, 1,4, 1,5, 1,6, 

2,1, 2,2, 2,3, 2,4, 2,5, 2,6,
S  3,1, 3,2, 3,3, 3,4, 3,5, 3,6, 
 
4,1, 4,2, 4,3, 4,4, 4,5, 4,6,
5,1, 5,2, 5,3, 5,4, 5,5, 5,6, 
6,1, 6,2, 6,3, 6,4, 6,5, 6,6 
 

Here, we define a random variable as the total number of dots on the upturned
faces, X .

Sample Space Values of the Random Variable X

(1,1)
(1,2), (2,1)
(1,3), (2,2), (3,1)
(1,4), (2,3), (3,2), (4,1)
(1,5), (2,4), (3,3), (4,2), (5,1)
(1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), (6,1)

5
 (2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2)
(3,6), (4,5), (5,4), (6,3)
(4,6), (5,5), (6,4)
(5,6), (6,5)
(6,6)

From example 2, the random variable takes on the values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,

11, and 12.

Lesson 2: DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLE AND CONTINUOUS RANDOM

VARIABLES

A Discrete Random Variable is one that takes on distinct numerical values. This
means that it has countable number of possible values.

A discrete random variable can be defined from any random experiment like tossing
of coins, tossing of dice, selection of objects, etc.

Examples:
1. The number of dot on the upturned face when a die was tossed
2. The number of tails of tossing three coins
3. The number of diseased leaves per plant
4. The number of students enrolled at Baguio City National Science High School
5. The number of Filipinos infected by the COVID-19

A Continuous Random Variable is one that assumes uncountably infinite number

of values corresponding to the points on a number line. Its distribution is described by a
smooth curve with an area under it equal to 1.

Often, continuous random variables represent measured data like heights, weights,
temperatures, pressure, mass, density, volume, and distance.

Examples:
1. The height of a tree planted by couples in Baguio City last year
2. The weight of healthy newborn babies this year
3. The temperature in Baguio City this month
4. The percentage of Filipinos who recovered from COVID-19
5. The speed of a train

Lesson 3: DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

Discrete Probability Distribution is the list of all the possible values of a discrete
random variable together with their associated probabilities.

Note: The probability of the values of the random variable can be denoted by P(x)
or P( X  x) .

Example 1: Using the data on two dice in example 2 under Lesson 1, the probability of X is

6
 Sample Space Values of the Random Variable X
(1,1)
(1,2), (2,1)
(1,3), (2,2), (3,1)
(1,4), (2,3), (3,2), (4,1)
(1,5), (2,4), (3,3), (4,2), (5,1)
(1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), (6,1)
(2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2)
(3,6), (4,5), (5,4), (6,3)
(4,6), (5,5), (6,4)
(5,6), (6,5)
(6,6)

Probability of the Values of Random Variable X :

1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36

You notice that there are sample spaces. From the sample spaces, there is
1
only one sample space that has a sum of which is (1,1) that is why the probability is
36
as indicated in the second column of the table. For the sample spaces that have the sum of
, there are which are (1,2), (2,1) that is why the indicated probability in the third column of
2
the table is . The same process was applied for the other columns of the table.
36

The sum of the probabilities for all the possible values of the random variable in a
probability distribution is equal to 1. That is,

1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1 36
 P( X  x)  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  36  1
Example 2: Suppose four coins are tossed. Let Y be the random variable representing the
number of heads that occur. Find the probability of each of the values of the
random variable Y.

Sample Space Values of Random Variable Y

HHHH
HHHT
HHTT
HTTT
HTHT
HTTH
HTHH
HHTH

7
 TTTH
TTHH
THHH
THTH
THHT
THTT
TTHT
TTTT

It was shown that there are sixteen sample spaces or possible outcomes. To get the
values of Y , count the number of heads in each outcome.

Probability of the Values of the Random Variable :

1 4 6 4 1
16 16 16 16 16

In finding the probabilities, count the number of values of random variable Y . For
1
instance, there is only one . Thus, the probability is .This means that there is one out
16
of the sixteen Real Number ( Y ). In other word, there is one possible outcome that has no
head out of sixteen possible outcomes.

Now, let’s check if the sum of the probabilities for all the possible values of the
random variable is equal to 1.

1 4 6 4 1 16
 P(Y  y)  16  16  16  16  16  16  1
Example 3: The daily demand of reams of bond paper in a store has the probability
distribution as follows:

Number of reams Probability

0 0.07
1 0.13
2 0.16
3 0.15
4 0.12
5 0.11
6 0.08
7 0.06
8 0.03
9 0.04
10 0.05

a. What is the probability that three reams of bond paper will be demanded in a particular
day?
Solution: P( X  3)  0.15

8
a. What is the probability that there will be a demand of at most 5 reams of bond paper?
Solution: P( X  5)  P( X  0)  P( X  1)  P( X  2)  P( X  3)  P( X  4)  P( X  5)
= 0.07  0.13  0.16  0.15  0.12  0.11
= 0.74

b. What is the probability that the demand is more than 5 reams of bond paper?
Solution: P( X  5)  1  P( X  5)
= 1 0.74
= 0.26

Lesson 4: COMMON DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

There are many discrete probability distributions but in this module, we will only
discuss Binomial and Poisson Distribution.

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

It is a discrete distribution that estimates the probability that a certain outcome will
occur exactly x times in a finite sample of size n that is taken from an infinite population in
which the probability of this outcome is a constant P .

Properties of a Binomial Process:

1. Each trial has only 2 possible outcomes which are mutually exclusive (generally called
“success” or “failure”).
2. The probability of a success is constant which is usually denoted by P .
3. The outcomes of a successive trials are mutually independent.
4. The observations are taken from a very large population.
The binomial probability distribution is given by

P( X  x)   n  p x q n  x , x  0,1,2,..., n
 x
where:
x is the number of “successes” in n trials
p is the probability of “success”
q  1 p
 n  represents a binomial coefficient
 x
 
3
Example 1: The probability that Jeffrey will score above a 90 in a Mathematics test is .
5
What is the probability that he will score above a 90 on exactly three of the four
tests this quarter?

3 3 2
Given: n  4 , x  3 , p  , q  1 
5 5 5
Solution: P ( X  x)    p q
n x n x
Formula
 x
3 1
 3 2
P( X  3)   4     Substitute the given.
  5 
3 5

9
  27  2   4  means C . Using your scientific calculator,
 4   3
 125  5    4 3

3
3
press 4, n Cr , 3 then equal sign. Simplify   .
5
216
 or 0.3456 Multiply.
625

Thus, the probability that Jeffrey will score above a on exactly three of the four
216
tests this quarter is or 0.3456 .
625
1
Example 2: Experience has shown that of all cellphones manufactured by a company
30
are defective. If a technician randomly tests ten cellphones, compute each of
the following probabilities:

a.
b.
c.

1 1 29
a. Given: n  10, x  1, p  , q  1 
30 30 30
Solution:
1 9
 1   29 
P( X  1)  10     Substitute the given.
1  30   30 
 0.2457 Multiply or just use a scientific calculator.

The probability that one is defective out of the ten cellphones is 0.2457 .

1 1 29
b. Given: n  10, x  5, p  , q  1 
30 30 30
Solution:
10  1   29 
5 5

P ( X  5)       Substitute the given.

 5  30   30 
 1  20,511,149 
 252   Simplify.
 24,300,000  24,300,000 
 0.000008753 Multiply then divide.

There is 0.000008753 probability that half of the ten cellphones are defective. As
you can see, there is a very small probability because based on experience, out of 30
cellphones, only one is defective.

1 1 29
c. Given: n  10, x  0,1,2, p  , q  1 
30 30 30
Solution:
No more than two are defective means none, one, or two could be defective. We
need to compute first the probability that none is defective, one is defective, and two are
defective.

10
 0 10
 1   29 
P( X  0)  10      0.7125
 0  30   30 
1 9
 1   29 
P( X  1)  10      0.2457
  30   30 
1
2 8
 1   29 
P( X  2)  10      0.0381
  30   30 
2

To get the probability that no more than two are defective, add the computed
probabilities. That is,

P(0  X  2)  P( X  0)  P( X  1)  P( X  2)
 0.7125  0.2457  0.0381
 0.9963

There is 0.9963 or 99.63% probability that no more than two cellphones are
defective out of ten cellphones.

POISSON DISTRIBUTION

The binomial distribution is useful in situations where we consider a fixed number of

trials and count the number of successes. Sometimes we encounter cases where we do not
have a definite number of trials and the binomial cannot be used. In these cases, other
discrete probability distribution may be used.

Poisson distribution was developed by a French Mathematician Simeon Denis

Poisson in 1837. This enables us to find the probability of a specified number of events
occurring when we only know the mean (average) number of times the event occurs in a
given time period, or volume, or weight, or distance, or any kind of measurement.

Assumptions:
1. There are n independent trials where n is very large.
2. Only one outcome is of interest on each trial.
3. There is a constant probability of occurrence on each trial.
4. The probability of more than one occurrence per trial is negligible.

The Poisson probability distribution is given by

y e 
P(Y  y )  , y  0,1,2,...
y!
Where:
y is the number of occurrences
 is the average of np ( p is the probability of success)
e  2.71828

Example 1: In a certain Statistics and Probability class, there are on the average of nine
latecomers per day. What is the probability that there will be five latecomers on
a given day?

Given: Let y be the number of latecomers, y  5

11
  9

y e
Solution: P(Y  y )  Formula
y!
9  2.71828 9
5
P(Y  5)  Substitute the given.
5!
59,0490.00012341 
 Simplify.
120
7.287269638
 Multiply.
120
 0.0607 Divide.

The probability that there will be five latecomers on a given day is 0.0607 or

Example 2. In a sample of 25 one-minute calls, a probability of 0.05 of an operator-aided

call occuring. Compute how many times that 2 or more operator-aided one-
minute calls should be observed.

Given: p  0.03, n  25, np  25(0.03)  0.75

Solution:

First, compute P(Y  0) and P(Y  1) . That is,

P(Y  0) 
0.75 2.71828  = 0.4724
0 0.75

0!
P(Y  1) 
 
0.75 2.71828 0.75
1

 0.3543
1!
Second, compute the sum of P(Y  0) and P(Y  1) then subtract from 1.
PY  2  1  P(Y  0)  P(Y  1)
 1  (0.4724  0.3543)
 1  0.8267
 0.1733

Last, multiply P(Y  2) and 25 .

 25(0.1733)
 4.3325 or 4

Hence, the number of operator-aided one-minute calls is 4.

12
 What’s More
Now that you understood random variable, answer the activities that follow.

Activity 1: Examine the given random variables if discrete or continuous. Write D for
discrete random variable and C for continuous random variable on the space
provided.

______ 1. The number of female in your year level

______ 2. The amount of sugar in a slice of cake
______ 3. The time needed to finish a module
______ 4. The number of Filipinos who want to be vaccinated
______ 5. The number of millionaires at the age of 20
______ 6. The number of person in your family
______ 7. The average of your grade last semester
______ 8. The distance travelled by your newly bought car
______ 9. The number of carpenters who built the house of your parents
______ 10. The amount of rice you eat every year

Activity 2: Solve the following problems. Show your complete solution on the space
provided.

1. Five coins are tossed. Let Z be the random variable representing the number of tails
that occur. Find the values of the random variable Z then compute the probability of
the random variable Z .

2. If a binomial experiment has six trials in which the probability of success is f and
the probability of failure is j , write an expression that could be used to compute
each of the probabilities. Write your answer on the space provided.

a.

b.

c.

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 What I Have Learned
Summarize the lesson by answering this section. Answer each question in 2-3
sentences. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Describe random variable.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

2. Describe discrete random variable and continuous random variable.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

3. Discuss the process in finding the probability of the values of the random variable.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do
Create a random variable problem. Give the sample space and values of the random
variable then compute the probabilities of each of the values of the random variable. Write
your answer on the space provided.

Criteria: Content - 8, Originality - 4, Grammar - 3

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 Post-Assessment
This part aims to assess what you have understood about the lesson. Read and
understand each item carefully. You are encouraged to answer honestly without any
reference. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided.

_____1. How many sample spaces when six coins are tossed?
A. 16 B. 32 C. 64 D. 128

_____2. Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

A. the number of chairs in your house
B. the amount of water you drink daily
C. the average height of your family members
D. the time you spent looking at someone you like

_____3. The following are continuous random variable except _____.

A. the number of cars passed at Session Road
B. the number of customers who bought during your live online selling
C. the number of books you used while answering your module
D. the amount of food your dog eats everyday

_____4. A company owns 200 laptops. Each laptop has 7% probability of not working. You
randomly selected 15 laptops for your salesperson. What is the probability that 3
will be broken?
A. 0.0650 B. 0.0651 C. 0.0652 D. 0.0653

_____5. Based form the given information in number 4, what is the probability that all the
laptops will work?
A. 0.3360 B. 0.3367 C. 0.3370 D. 0.3389

For items 6-10, refer to the data below.

The following data show the probabilities for the number of newly born dogs in a
particular day.

Number of newly born dogs X Probability P( X  x)

_____6. What is the probability that 2 dogs will be born in a particular day?
A. 0.120 B. 0.170 C. 0.300 D. 0.305

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_____7. What is the probability that fewer than 8 dogs will be born?
A. 0. 88 B. 0.90 C. 0.92 D. 0.96

_____8. Find P( X  7) .
A. 0.92 B. 0.94 C. 0.98 D. 0.99

_____9. Compute P( X  9) .
A. 0.005 B. 0.010 C. 0.015 D. 0.200

_____10. Find P(0  X  5) .

A. 0.80 B. 0.81 C. 0.82 D. 0.83

Additional Activities
These additional problems are prepared for you to have more practice. Write your
answer on the space provided.
1
1. On any given day, the probability that your entire family eats breakfast together is .
3
Find the probability that during any 5-day period, your family eat breakfast together
at least four times.

2. The average number of days that classes in Baguio City are suspended due to
heavy rain from June to October is 6. What is the probability that the schools in this
city will close for 10 days from June to October?

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Pre – Assessment / Post-Assessment What I Have Learned
1. C Answers may vary
2. A
3. D
4. D What I Can Do
5. B Answers may vary
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. B
What’s New
1. HHH, TTT, HTT, THH, HTH, THT, TTH, HHT
2. 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 1T, 2T, 3T, 4T, 5T, 6T
What’s More: Activity 1 What’s In
1. Discrete 6. Discrete 1. TRUE
2. Continuous 7. Continuous 2. TRUE
3. Continuous 8. Continuous 3. TRUE
4. Discrete 9. Discrete 4. TRUE
5. Discrete 10. Continuous 5. TRUE
What’s More: Activity 2
1.
0 1 2 3 4 5
2.
a.
b.
c.
Additional Activities
1. 0.0453
2. 0.0413
Answer Key
 REFERENCES
Arciaga, Ronald and Magcuyao, Dan Andrew. 2016. Statistics and Probability.

Belecina, Rene R., Baccay, Elisa S., and Mateo, Efren B., 2016. Statistics and Probability.
Rex Book Store, Manila: Philippines.

Beligan, Salvacion, et. al. 2013. Elementary Statistics.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Schools Division of Baguio City
No. 82 Military Cut-off Road, Baguio City
Telefax: 442-7819/422-4326
Email Address: depedbaguiocity@gmail.com
Social Media: facebook.com/DepEdTayoBaguioCity

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