NOT

10
Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 6
Types, Union & Intersection of Events

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Mathematics- Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 6: Types, Union & Intersection of Events
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis-Briones, PhD Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio, PhD
Development Team of the Module
Author/s: Charmaine P. Yonson
Reviewers: Rhodel A. Lamban, PhD
Elbert R. Francisco, PhD
Merlyn L. Brigoli
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Charmaine P. Yonson
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Regional Director

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Schools Division Superintendent

Shambaeh A. Usman, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., PhD, EPS-ADM

Members Elbert R. Francisco, PhD, Chief ES-CID

Rhodel A. Lamban, PhD, EPS Mathematics
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Jeny B. Timbal, PDO II
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10
Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 6
Types, Union & Intersection of Events

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at
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We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education-Division of Bukidnon ● Republic of the Philippines
 Table of Contents

PAGE

COVER PAGE

COPYRIGHT PAGE

TITLE PAGE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WHAT THIS MODULE IS ABOUT

Note to the Teacher/Facilitator

Note to the Learner
Note to the Parents/Guardian
Module Icons

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW 1

WHAT I KNOW(PRETEST) 2

LESSON 1: EVENTS AND ITS TYPES 4

What I Need to Know 4

What I know 4
What’s In 5
What’s New 5
What Is It 7
What’s More 9
What I Have Learned 10
What I Can Do 10
Assessment 11
Additional Activities 12

LESSON 2: UNION AND INTERSECTION OF EVENTS 13

What I Need to Know 13

What I know 13
What’s in 14
What’s New 14
What Is It 16
What’s More 19
What I Have Learned 20
What I Can Do 21
Assessment 21
Additional Activities 21
 PAGE

SUMMARY 22

POSTTEST 23

ANSWER KEY 25

REFERENCES 26
WHAT THIS MODULE IS ABOUT
This module will enable the learners to independently provide visual structure of
certain given events together with its operations on the union and intersections of these
events. The attainment of the main goal of this module was made possible through the
appropriate and currently applicable activities formulated by the author to cater the
needs of the learners. The necessary details and sufficient discussions needed for the
learners to successfully answer all the conditioning exercises were logically provided in
this paper so that the relevant concept for this module will be totally mastered.
Note to the Teacher/Facilitator
To the teachers, this module is designed to let the learners learn by themselves
at times like this crisis that face to face instruction at school cannot be possible. We are
responsible to take precautionary measures in ensuring quality education for our
learners. It is the ultimate dream in the Department of Education that no learners must
be left behind and so realizing this in this unstable situation due to COVID-19 pandemic
become even more challenging. But it our oath made that at all times, quality education
must be accessible to all no matter how demanding this could be.
In this module, you will be introducing the term events, its types and the union
and intersection of these events to the learners. Used the different activities provided
here to motivate and challenge the learners to continue learning and be able to adopt
the new normal in the field of education nowadays.
Note to the Parents/Guardians
To the parents/guardians, this module is for our learners to independently learn
the basic concepts on events, its types and the union and intersection of these events.
Various tasks are provided here to allow them to fully develop the needed knowledge
and skills. Let’s be reminded that education for our learners has never been just the
work of the school or teachers but it’s always a combine effort of the school and
society. Thus, we must actively participate the mission and vision of the Department of
Education especially at this time where every single serious attempt to nurture the
learning capacity of our learners is vital.
Note to the Learners
To the learners, this module talks about events, its types and the union and
intersection of these events. To be able to understand the topic, this module is made
easy for your convenience but the learning you’ll get is sure and compact. The demand
of the world to quality education must not be sacrificed at this crisis for if it will happen,
it is your future and the future of our nation that will be renounced. The Department of
Education has been doing all possible means to deal with the current situation the
country has been facing of. Making sure that your education won’t be left behind amidst
this pandemic. Administrators, teachers, stakeholders and parents had been working
hand in hand to make leaning feasible to the majority. Now, it is in your hand to take
part of these efforts and campaign by simply conscientiously reading and answering
this module. Do it with honest convection that education is not solely about how
teachers provide instructions but it also rely on the commitment of every learner to
expand what they have learned, understood what confused them, and acquire
information and knowledge new to them.
Good luck and God bless learners!
Icons of this Module
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What
I
Need
to
Know
This part includes an activity that aims to
What I Know check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correctly (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of
What is It the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given to
Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned. This also tends retention of learned
concepts.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.
 References This contains all the sources which helped in
the formulation of the module.

What I Need to Know

This Quarter 3 - Module 6 is all about events, types of events and its union and
intersection. Certain competency and sub-tasks are provided below.

Competency:

Illustrates events, and union and intersection of events.

(Code: M10SP-IIIf-1)

Sub-tasks/Objectives:

At the end of the week, the students are expected to:

1. define an event;

2. differentiate the types of events;

3. illustrate the types of events; and

4. provide visual samples for the union and intersection of events.

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises

diligently.

• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

 1

What I Know

Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is defined as a possible result in an experiment.

A. Event B. Outcome C. Sample space D. Set

2. Choosing a “Queen” from a deck of cards is an example of ____.

A. event B. outcome C. sample space D. set

3. It is an event formed through the combination of two or more elementary

event.
A. Impossible event C. Certain Event
B. Elementary event D. Compound event

4. The school principal decided to appoint a school disciplinarian at school from

the 20 male faculty. The chance that the teacher chosen is a male is an
example of a/an _____.
A. elementary event C. certain event
B. impossible event D. compound event

5. Given two events A and B, if the occurrence of event A doesn’t affect event B
and vice versa then this is called ____ event/s.
A. Dependent C. Exclusive
B. Independent D. Complementary

6. An experiment of tossing two peso coins simultaneously is an example of

______ event/s.
A. Complementary C. Simple
B. Compound D. Impossible

7. What event is tossing a coin once and getting a face or a tail?

A. Simple and complementary C. Simple and impossible
B. Compound and dependent D. Compound and certain

8. Tossing a coin and a die simultaneously is an example of ____ events.

A. Compound and dependent C. Compound and independent
B. Compound and complementary D. Compound and certain

For numbers 9 to 12, please refer your answers on the figures provided
below.
 Figure 1. Figure 2.

9. Which of the following best describe the relationship of events C and D in figure 1?
A. C.
B. D.
10. Find the union of elements of events C and D in figure 1.
A. C. The union of the two sets is not possible.
B. D. The union of the two sets is empty.

11. In figure 2, which of the following is true in figure 2?

A. C.
B. D.

12. Which of the following is the union of events A and B in figure 2?

A. C.
B. D.

13. In a Christian church monthly assembly meeting, 48 church personnel

attended. Thirty-five were priests and twenty-six were both church leaders
and priests. How many of the attendees were just church leaders?
A. 10 B. 13 C. 20 D. 26

14. In a Teachers’ Division Seminar for the new normal set-up in school opening
via zoom, 90 school heads joined. Fifty-three of the school heads voted for
modular classes as an alternative way of delivering lessons to the learners
and 70 voted for online class. How many school heads voted both the
modular class and online class?
A. 9 B. 18 C. 21 D. 33

15. (from item #14) How many voted for online class only?
A. 23 B. 30 C. 37 D. 45
 3

Lesson Events and Its Types

1
What I Need to Know

This lesson is all about events and types of events under the competency
“Illustrates events, and union and intersection of events” with code number M10SP-IIIf-
1. At the of this lesson you are expected to:

1. define an event;

2. differentiate the types of events; and

3. illustrate the types of events.

What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully and identify if it’s TRUE or FALSE. Write
your answer on the space provided.
__________1. A possible outcome in an experiment is called an event.
__________2. In tossing a coin once, if tail is not the outcome, then it must have
been a foot.
__________3. In an experiment of throwing a die once, all its faces have an unequal
chance of being an outcome.
__________4. The chance of selecting a black card from a deck of cards is an
example of compound event.
__________5. The chance of getting a "Tail" when tossing a coin is an example of
both simple event and independent events.
__________6. The chance of drawing the King of hearts from a deck of cards is a
certain event.
__________7. “Today is Wednesday only if yesterday is Tuesday” is an example of
a complementary event.
__________8. An experiment of choosing a card randomly from a standard deck of
 52 playing cards with replacement is an example of dependent event.
__________9. When the event is weekdays then its complement is weekends.
__________10. It is an impossible event of obtaining both head and tail in tossing a
coin.

What’s In

In the previous module, you have been taught of illustrating permutations and
combinations of objects and to identify real-life situations which involve both and
differentiate them from those that do not. You are also able to solve problems
involving combinations, or both permutations and combinations utilizing previously
known concepts in Mathematics. This knowledge gained enable you to formulate
reasonable conclusions and wise decisions.
This makes you ready to learn the new concept about sets or events together
with the elements on it and the basic operations that these events have.
Be ready to learn and enjoy as you go along with this module.

What’s New

Let’s explore
For the 40th day of enhanced community quarantine at Barangay Santa Rita
due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Athena tried to prepare breakfast. She is having
hard time in choosing what type of can goods to open for meal.
Can you help her?
To fairly chose, the cans can be wrapped, mark letters A to E at the bottom of
the cans and put it up-side down.
Athena can now randomly select which type of can she’ll open to start the
day.
 Athena randomly selects
a can. This is an example
of ________.

Athena decided to add viand.

She also like to randomly select
from hotdog and egg by tossing
a coin. She’ll add hotdog when
it’s a head and egg if otherwise.

 The occurrence of the

possible can chosen and
the possible outcome
when Athena flip the coin
is an example of
_________.
 How can Athena possibly
determine all possible
outcomes in her viand-of-
the-day challenge?
 5
Let’s try this

Matching Type. Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your
answer on the space provided before each item.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

_____ 1. Simple event A. Certain event

B. The set of even numbers.

_____ 2. Event
C.
A chance with
_____ 3. Impossible event outcome < 7.

_____ 4. Complementary events D. Choosing five face cards from a

deck of 52 cards without
replacement.
_____ 5. Dependent events E. A coin toss once.

F.
_____ 6. Independent events

Choosing 4 Aces
_____ 7. Compound event with replacement

G. Dependent events
_____ 8. Sample space
H. Complementary events

_____ 9. Certain event I. Compound event

J.
_____ 10. Given event Z (compose of
male students), consider the non-
occurrence of this event.
_____ 11. Landing on heads after
tossing a coin and obtaining red balls K. A coin is toss thrice.
from an urn.
_____ 12. A spinner has six equal L.
parts labeled from A to F, consider the
event in which J is the outcome.
_____ 13. Five families are to be An event of choosing orange.
chosen randomly with replacement
that will receive a SAP (Social
Amelioration Program).
_____ 14. Given a 10 sided die
labeled from 1 to 10, consider an 6
event of choosing a face that is M. Independent events
marked by 10. N. Impossible event
_____ 15. Five students are to be
chosen randomly without replacement. O.
What Is It
A possible one or more
Event outcomes in an experiment.
Outcomes. These are the
events that may result in an
experiment.
Any circumstance whose
Experiment outcome can’t be determined
or uncertain.
It is the collection of possible
outcomes in an experiment.
Sample Space It is often time labeled as S or
U.
The different types of Events
1. An event with single sample
Simple event point in a sample space.
(Elementary
event) The number of times it can
occur in an experiment is
only 1.
2. An event with two or more
Compound sample points in a sample
event space.
The chance of two or more
events happening at the
same time or two simple
events taken together.
The number of times it can
occur in an experiment is
more than one.
3. These are events in which
Independent the occurrence of the first
events event doesn’t affect the
7
SS = {a, e, i. o, u}
the non-occurrence of the
vowels
Example: In throwing a die
once, for instance 5 comes
out. Here, 5 is an example
of event.
Example: Tossing a coin,
flipping a die, drawing balls
in a box, etc.
Example: In throwing a die
once, the possible events
are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Examples: a.) In throwing a
die once, the chance that
says 3 will appear is only
one that is a simple event.
E = {3}.
b.) In tossing a coin once,
the chance that a tail will
appear is a simple event.
E = {T}.
Example: Tossing a coin
twice, will generate the
sample space:
S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
Each event has two sample
point such as
E1 ={HH} or E2={TH}
Examples: a.) Throwing a
die and tossing a coin at
the same time.
 occurrence of the second
event.
4. These are events in which
Dependent the occurrence of the first
events event affect the occurrence
of the second event or when
events depend on each
other.
5. An event that will surely
Certain event come out in an experiment.
6. An event which has no
Impossible chance of occurring.
event
7. A and B are complementary
Complementar events when A occurs if and
y events only if B doesn’t or B occurs if its complement is weekend
and only if A doesn’t.
NOTE: A and B must be
inclusive events.
Inclusive events. Events that
when combined form the
totality of the sample space.
8. Mutually There are events that cannot
Exclusive happen at the same time
events (disjoints events).
(More of this type of
event will be
discussed in the next
(The outcome in rolling a die
can’t affect the outcome in
flipping the coin or vice versa.)
b.) Drawing 3 spade cards
in a deck of 52 cards with
replacement
Examples: a.) Drawing 2
marbles from a box without
replacement.
b.) Drawing 4 face cards in
a deck of 52 cards without
replacement.
Examples: a.) Targeting a
number less than 9 in a
spinner equally divided into
8 parts and labeled from 1
to 8.
b.) The chance that
Christmas will be
celebrated on the 25th
December.
Examples: a.) The event of
getting a number greater
than 6 when throwing a die.
b.) The event of getting
both head and tail when
tossing a coin once.
Examples: a.) If given that
the event is weekdays, then
days.
b. If given that event is on
the day time, then its
complement is the night
time.
Examples: a.) The events
of turning left and turning
right can’t happen at the
same time.
b.) The kings and queens
 module.) cards in a 52 deck cards.

NOTE: Complementary events are all mutually exclusive events but not
all mutually exclusive events are complementary. Why?

What’s More

Let’s do the Guided Practice.

A. Supply appropriate terms or phrases in the spaces below to form fact
about events and its types.
Experiment is any occasion in which the outcomes are ____ 1____. These
outcomes now are the set of possible ____ 2____ that may result in an experiment.
And the collection of all possible outcomes is called ____ 3____ whose subset is
called ____4____.
Events in an experiment can be classified into types. The first type of event is
the simple event which can be defined as ________ 5________. One example of this
type of event is _____________ 6___________. The second type of event is the
compound event defined as ________ 7________. One example of this is the
____________8____________. This event can be further classified as ____ 9____
and ____10____ events depending on the chances of occurrences in events
provided.
Additionally, an event with sure occurrence is called ____ 11____ while
opposite to this is the ____ 12____. When a pair of events are inclusive then these
events can be identified as ____ 13____ and one example of this is when
____________14____________.

B. Modified True of False. Write “COVID-19 GO AWAY” if the statement is

true. And if otherwise, changed the underline words to make the statement
correct. Write your answer in the space provided.

__________ 1. An event is one of the subsets of a sample space.

__________ 2. Events in flipping a coin twice is an example of independent events.
__________ 3. An event of getting a natural number less than 1 in playing a snakes
and ladders game as the fair die is thrown is a certain event.
__________ 4. If S = {1, 3, 6, 7, 8} and A = {1, 6, 7}, then B = {3, 8}.
__________ 5. An event that a teacher selects two of her students to receive an
award during the recognition day is an example of dependent events.
__________ 6. Certain event is an event that contain single outcome in the sample
space.
__________ 7. Events in which the occurrence of the first one affects the occurrence
of the second event so that its change of coming out is
called complementary events.
__________ 8. If Sunday and Saturday are the events, then weekdays are its
mutually exclusive events.
__________ 9. Tossing a die once and drawing a ball in an urn are complementary
events.

8
__________ 10. The sun will rise in the west tomorrow is a certain event.
__________ 11. The universal set is the letters of the alphabet. If event A is the
vowel letters while event B is the consonant letters, then these events
are example of complementary events.

__________ 12. Two pencils are to be drawn from a bag that contains 3 pens and 4

pencils without replacement. Events like these are called dependent

events.
__________ 13. The events in an experiment of tossing a coin once is an example of
simple event.
__________ 14. Event A with 4 kings and event D with 4 queens from regular set of
cards is an example of mutually exclusive events.
__________ 15. Drawing 3 cards in a 20 special set of cards having 5 red cards, 5
blue cards, 5 green cards and 5 yellow cards with replacement is an
example of compound and independent events.

What I Have Learned

Make use of your own simple and appropriate words or phrases in the
following items base on what you have learned in the previous activities and topic
discussed.
1. An event is ____________________________________________________.
2. One example of an event is _______________________________________
__________________________________________________________.
3. A sample space is ______________________________________________.
4-5. A simple event is ____________________________________________
while a compound event is ______________________________________
______________________________________________.
6-7. An independent event is ______________________________________
while a dependent event is ______________________________________
______________________________________________.
8-9. A certain event is _________________________________ while an
impossible event is _________________________________.
10. Complementary events are inclusive events. One example of this is
______________________________________________________________
____________________.

What I Can Do
 In the previous activities, you are taught to define events and to differentiate
its types. For this activity you will be challenged to showcase your gained knowledge
and skills from the different selections that you successfully answered. Use the
former examples of this lesson as your bases to form your very own examples of the
different types of events which you have direct experienced in day to day living.
Provide the sample space, the target events and type of events you applied in your
formulated experiment. Then make its simple illustration.
The following are just few of the events
10 you might encounter:
1. flipping a 5-peso and 10-peso coin once
2. getting a yellow ball in an urn with 3 red balls and 2 green balls
3. getting 2 diamond and 4 Queen cards in a deck of 52 cards with
replacement
4. in a class with 10 students, 3 students will be randomly selected
to receive a gift certificate
5. an event of choosing male student in the school for boys
6. throwing a 10-sided die once
7. drawing 2 ace and 2 jack cards in a deck of 52 cards
8. an event A that is compose of all non-face cards, the non-
occurrence of this cards (A’)
Example with illustration: “spinning a spinner twice that is equally divided into
3 colored differently with yellow, blue and red, we now consider events with red
results”.

Assessment

Identification. Identify type of event being describe in the following

items. Write your answer in the space provided.
_______________ 1. An event with a zero chance of being selected.
_______________ 2. Drawing a ball in an urn of 5 balls of different colors without
replacement.
_______________ 3. Heart’s day is being celebrated every 14 th day of February.
_______________ 4. When the event is {January, February, March, April, May,
June} and its complement is {July, August, September,
October, November, December}.
_______________ 5. Picking red card in a standard deck of regular 52 cards with
replacement.
_______________ 6. Getting “1” when tossing a die once.
_______________ 7. The chance of getting an odd number less than 6 when rolling
a die.
_______________ 8. A circumstance whose outcome is uncertain.
_______________ 9. The event in tossing a coin is an example of simple and
independent events, and the events of this simple experiment
can also be defined as _____.
_______________10. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4}, A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {4}. A and B are _____.
11

Additional Activity

Using the standard deck of 52 playing cards. You are now challenge to form
your own version of examples illustrating the different types of events.

o Simple event

o Compound event

o Dependent events

o Independent events

o Certain events

o Impossible events

o Complementary events

12
 Lesson Union & Intersection of Events
2
What I Need to Know

This lesson is a continuation of the previous lesson about events still under
the competency “Illustrates events, and union and intersection of events” with code
number M10SP-IIIf-1. For this lesson you are expected to:

o provide visual samples for the union and intersection of events.

What I Know

Direction: Answer the given questions below on the space provided using the
provided information which follows.
U = {x: x is a letter in the phrase “I LOVE YOU”}
A = {y: y is a letter in the word “LIVE”}
B = {z: z is a letter in the word “YOU”}

1. How many possible outcomes are there in U?

___________________________________________________________
2. How about A?
___________________________________________________________
3. How about B?
___________________________________________________________
4. What is ?
________________________________________________________________________
5. What is ?
___________________________________________________________
6. Draw a Venn Diagram describing the relationship of the U, A and B.

13
 What’s In

In the first lesson, you are taught of what is an event. An event is defined to
be one of the subsets of a sample space. An event can be simple, compound,
independent, dependent, certain, impossible, complementary or mutually exclusive.
You are taught of how these types of events differ from one another and on how they
can be seen or applied in the real world.
For this lesson, you will be learning on the basic operations of events, the
union and intersection of events.
How will you be able to find the union of two or more events?
How about its intersection if there is?
These questions can be easily answered after learning this lesson.

What’s New

Let’s explore!
How are you? You might be thinking this section will be another bunch of
questions but for this part you will just simply count and list. You will surely enjoy
while learning.
Nowadays, even at home, it’s easy to reach out people out there. Your next
task will require you to randomly connect friends. Then ask their mobile sim card
subscription.
How many of your friends are Globe, Smart, Sun or other telecommunication
subscribers? How many of them subscribers of two or more telecommunications?
Can you possibly put the result of your survey in a Venn diagram?

Let’s try this

True or false. Write true if the statement is true and false is otherwise.
1. The set of all elements in the union of two sets are common to both sets.
2. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} and B = {2, 3, 5, 8}, then .

3. If U = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and C = {2, 4, 10}, then D = {6, 8, 12}.

14
4. Two intersecting sets have at most one element in common.
5. If has an element 2, then it means to say that 2 in an element of
either A, B or both.
6. 1, 5}, means that 1 and 5 can be found in either C or D.

7. Disjoint sets are sets with no common element.

8. If the universal set U is the set of natural numbers and A is the set of even
natural numbers, then for B as a complementary event of A, it’s the set of
odd natural numbers.
9. If , then it is safe to say that the two sets are disjoint.

10. In any two sets given, .

For numbers 11 to 15, refer to the figure below.

11. The elements in set C are {b, c, f, 4, 6, 9, 8, 11} only.

12. .

13. .

14. .

15.
 15
What Is It

16
 It is composed of all the events/elements or sets
Universal set
under certain condition. Usually denoted by “U”.
It a particular set of elements within a universal set
having the same characteristics or within certain
Example 3: condition.
In a hospital, 240 Example:
frontliners liked to order meal for lunch. 180 ordered
chickenSubset
curry and 200 ordered If pork adobo. How many ,frontliners
then subset likedto
both chicken curry andthis
porkcould
adobo
be set ? How many liked chicken
. Also,curry
it is
only? How many liked safe
pork to adobo only?
say that if we have another set say B and
Answers:
Drawing a Venn diagram out the given problem , then
above Bwill is
make a
things even easier. subset of not just U but also in A.
frontliners inIna symbol,
hospital who ordered meal for lunch
frontliners ordered chicken curry of U.
, A is a subset
frontliners ordered pork
, B isadobo
a subset of U.
, B is a subset of U. eq. 1

Intersection of These are elements that common to all events.

events In symbol, for instance the two events are A and) B,
(For beginners,

Thus, .
frontliners.
(intersection of A and B)
We know that , letting m be
the number of frontliners who ordered chicken
curry only, then

We know that , letting n be the number of

frontliners who ordered
Therepork adobo
cases only, the
in which thenintersection of two or more
events is empty or an empty set.
In symbol, for instance the two events are A and B,

, there are 180 frontliners (intersection

who ordered both
of A and chicken curryset)
B is an empty and pork
adobo, 40 frontliners who ordered chicken curry only and 60 frontliners
who ordered pork adobo only.

Union of events These are elements present to all events.

In symbol, for18instance the two events are A and B,

.
(union of A and B)

Example 1: Given that

U = {1, , 2, , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 10.8}
 What’s More
Let’s do this.
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
For numbers 1 to 5.

1. Which of the following is the correct set of elements in A?

A.
B.
C.
D.
2. The following statements are fact, except ____.
A. Set C is a subset of set B. C. is an empty set.
B. is set C itself. D. is set D.

3. The elements of are _________.

A. the elements in set B. C. the elements in set C.
B. the elements in set A. D. the elements in set D.
4. is equal to ________.
A. set D B. set C C. set B D. set A
5. is equal to _____.
A. B. C. D. set D
6. Which of the following the possible Venn diagram of the events given?
A. B. C. D.

7. If an element will be added in U, in what set will it belongs?

A. All of these sets C. Except D
B. A and C only D. None of these sets

For numbers 8-10. Given two events A and B, where A has elements of
letters in the word LESSENED and NEEDLESS for B.
8. Find .
 A. C.
B. D.
9. Find .
A. C.
B. D.
10. Which of the following is true?
A. C.
B. D.

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11. In nursing home, 47 babies were given vitamin C to strengthen their immune
system against viruses. 30 were given vitamin C of brand A and 41 were
given vitamin C of brands B. How many were given both brands of vitamins?
A. 12 B. 24 C. 30 D. 34
12. (from # 11) How many of the babies were given vitamin C of brand A only?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 9
13. (from # 11) How many of the babies were given vitamin C of brand B only?
A. 13 B. 17 C. 21 D. 24
14. The home for the aged resident doctor reported that 150 of their aged
residents had been experiencing fever for the last 3 days. He said that they
have been given medication but still no sign of improvement. He also added
that 100 of them were given medicine of brand Y and 89 were given medicine
both in brand Y and Z. How many of the aged residence were given medicine
of brand Z only?
A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 60
15. (from item #14) How many of the aged residence were given medicine of
brand Y only?
A. 8 B. 9 C. 10 D. 11

What I Have Learned

In the following scenario given below, draw Venn diagram to illustrate the
relationship of the sets/events. Then, identify the union and intersection of the given
sets/events.
1. In a school canteen, 120 students ordered juices where 85 of them ordered
grape juice. How many of the students ordered non-grape juice?
2. In a Palarong Pambansa, 68 athletes come from Region X, 32 played
Basketball and 28 played both Basketball and Lawn Tennis. How many
athletes played Lawn Tennis only?
3. In a pet house, 35 pets were given immediate attention due to virus attack.
Twenty-one were found to be infected with virus X and 20 were found to be
infected by virus Y. How many pets got infected with both viruses?
4. The Local Government of Quezon reported that 144 of their local
farmers have not received any cash assistance from the national
 government as a help in the crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In
the report it has been stated that 89 of them live in Barangay A, 24 are
registered in Barangay B and 31 are registered in Barangay C. How
many of the farmers live in both Barangay A and C?

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What I Can Do

For this lesson, you have been taught to find the union and intersection of events.
For this activity you are challenged to formulate your own real life scenario in which
the application of union and intersection of events can be observed. Draw Venn
diagram to illustrate the relationship of the sets/events and find the union and
intersection of your formulated problem.

Assessment
Using the given figure, supply the needed data in items 1 to 5.

1. Identify all events under the universal set “U” in the given figure.
U = { _______________________________________________ }
2. Identify elements under set A, B, and C.
A = { __________________ }
B = { __________________ }
C = { __________________ }
3. Find and .
= { ________________ }
= { ________________ }
4. Find and .
= { ________________ }
= { ________________ }
5. Find and .
= { ________________ }
 = { ________________ }

Additional Activity

In the given figure, give the relationship of the universal set and sets A, B and
C.

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Summary
Event is a possible one or more outcomes in an experiment.

Experiment is any circumstance whose outcome can’t be determined or

uncertain.

Sample space is the collection of possible outcomes in an experiment.

The different types of Events

1. Simple event
An event with single sample point in a sample space.

2. Compound event
An event with two or more sample point in a sample space. The
chance of two or more events happening at the same time or two
simple events taken together.

3. Independent events
These are events in which the occurrence of the first event doesn’t
affect the occurrence of the second event.

4. Dependent events
These are events in which the occurrence of the first event affect the
occurrence of the second event or when events depend on each other.

5. Certain event
An event that will surely come out in an experiment.

6. Impossible events
An event which has no chance of occurring.

7. Complementary events
A and B are complementary events when A occurs if and only if B
doesn’t or B occurs if and only if A doesn’t. A and B must be inclusive
events.
8. Mutually Exclusive events
There are events that cannot happen at the same time (disjoints
events).

Universal set is composed of all the events/elements or sets under certain

condition.
Usually denoted by “U”.

Subset a particular set of elements within a universal set having the same
characteristics or within certain condition

Intersection of events are elements that common to all events.

Union of events are elements present to all events.

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 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is defined as a circumstance in which the outcome is uncertain.
A. Sample B. Outcome C. Event D. Experiment

2. The set of standard deck of 52 playing cards is an example of _________ in

an experiment.
A. universal Set B. outcomes C. sets D. events

3. It is an event formed when certainty of an outcome is not possible to occur.

A. Impossible event C. Certain Event
B. Elementary event D. Compound event

4. The school principal decided to appoint a school disciplinarian at school from

the 20 male faculty. The chance that the teacher chosen is a female is an
example of _____.
A. elementary event C. certain event
B. impossible event D. compound event

5. Given two events A and B, if the occurrence of event A does affect event B
and vice versa then in this case these events is called ____.
A. Dependent events C. Exclusive events
B. Independent events D. Complementary events

6. An experiment of tossing two peso coins simultaneously and obtaining both

head and tail is an example of ___.
A. Complementary events C. Simple event
B. Impossible event D. Compound event

7. In tossing a die twice, the result of such experiment is an example of ______.

A. Compound and dependent events C. Compound and independent events
B. Compound and complementary events D. Compound and certain events

8. Selecting two black cards in a standard deck of 52 playing cards without

replacement is an example of compound and _______ event.
A. Dependent C. independent
B. complementary D. certain

9. When the universal set “U” is composed of the letters in an English alphabet
COMPATIBILITY and event A composed of letters in the word ABILITY, what
are the elements under the complementary event of A?
A. A = {C, O, M, P, T, I} C. A = {C, O, M, P}
B. A = {C, O, M, P, I} D. A = {C, O, M, P, T}

10. Which of the following shows a certain event?

A. The death anniversary of Filipinos’ grandparents.
B. The Philippine independence day.
C. The day in which COVID-19 was formed.
D. The electric bill you’ll pay this month.

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11. The following are examples of independent events, except _____.
A. The activity of drawing a yellow ball in a box with replacement.
B. Selecting two STEM students to compete the international Science and
Mathematics contest.
C. The increase of the water bill in the households at Quezon, Bukidnon for
the month of July.
D. The number of wedding attendees at Saint Ruiz Church for a week.

12. Which of the following is incorrect?

A. Faith conducted an experiment by drawing two cards in a 30-set of palying
cards she made. This is an example of compound event.
B. Hannah decided to wear her pink sandal in tonights party. This is an
example of simple event.
C. Jeff wanted to plant eggplant on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday.
However on Thursday, Friday and Saturday, he is planning to plant beans.
This is an example complementary events.
D. Athena and Ythan went on a gym. Athena last for two hours and lost two
and a half kilograms while Ythan last for three hours and lost four
kilograms. This is an example of independent events.

13. In a wedding, there are a total of 500 attendees. 380 of the attendees are
friends of the bride. 330 of the attendees are friends of the groom. How many
of the attendees both bride and groom’s friends?
A. 320 B. 290 C. 210 D. 170

14. In a Teachers’ Division Seminar for the new normal set-up in school opening
via zoom, 90 school heads joined. 47 of the school heads voted for modular
classes as an alternative way of delivering lessons to the learners and 43
voted for online class. How many school heads voted both the modular class
and online class?
A. 18 B. 9 C. difficulty to know D. none

15. In a medical mission sponsored by the provincial government of Bukidnon,

150 families are given foods packs and medical supplies. 55 of these families
suffered from the effect of both the pandemic and the flooding in their
respective communities. And 78 of these families suffered the effect of the
COVID-19 pandemic only. How many of these 150 families suffered flooding
only?
A. 17 B. 30 C. 37 D. 45

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Key to Answers
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 References

Calanta, Melvin, Canonigo, Allan, Chua, Arnaldo. Cruz, Jerry, Esparrago,

Mirla, Garcia, Elino, Magnaye, Aries, et. al., mathematics Learner’s Module.
First edution.DepEd-IMCS: Meralco Avenvue, Pasig City, 2015.

https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_introductory-statistics/s07-01-sample-
spaces-events-and-their.html

LumenLeraning, “Computing the Probability of the Union of Two Events”.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ivytech-collegealgebra/chapter/cpmputing-
the-probability-of-the-union-of-two-evnts/

Math is Fun, “Probability: Types of Events” accessed May 7, 2020.

https://www.mathisfun.com/data/probability-events-types.html

Math is Fun. “Probability” accessed May 7, 2020.

https://www.mathisfun.com/data/probability.html

MattePlanet, “Probability of Events” accessed May 7, 2020.

https://www.mathplanet.com/education/pre-algebra/probability-and-statistic/
probability-of-event

“Union of Events” accessed May 7, 2020. https://probabilityformula.org/union-

of-events-examples.html

Statistics Libretexts, “Sample Spaces, Events, and Their Probabilities”

accessed May 7, 2020. https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_
Statistics/Book%3A_Introductory_Statistics_(Shafer_and_Zhang)/03%3A_Ba
sic_Concepts_of_Probability/3.01%3A_Sample_Spaces
%2C_and_Their_Probabilities

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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education –Learning Resources Management and

Development Center(LRMDC)

DepEd Division of Bukidnon

Sumpong, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Telefax: ((08822)855-0048
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph