1 I Real Numbers

Natural numbers IN 3 1 2 3,4

Whole numbers 0 1 2 3 4

Integers I 4 3 2 1 0 1,213.4
Rational numbers 3 A real number is rational if
a b 0
b a b are integers
can write as a decimal that is

terminating or nonterminating and

54 1.25 repeating
e.g
177 I 3 2181818
5

TT I 3.1416
Irrational number nonterminating AND non repeating

Properties of Real Numbers

1 Addition is commutative 5 Multiplication is commutative

a tb b ta ab ba
2 Associative 6 Associative
at btc atb te albe ab c
3
Identity t
O ato a I a I a
4 Inverse 8 Inverse
T at a o ta ato a ta 1
Inequalities
7 L 71 I
a b a b 70 a o

a b a y o b LO

ex Determine the sign of the number

If X 0 and y Lo
It t

a
Absolute value

Def The absolute value of a real number a is

denoted by lat
11 If a 7,0 then lal a
12 If a Lo then lat a
eg 131 9 3 3710 3 131 3
1 31 9 3 320 1 31 63 3
ex
removing an absolute value symbol
If Xal rewrite 1 x l without abs value symbols
Sol XLI X 1 0
1 11 x 1 I X

Distance between two points

Def The distance between points A and B is denoted by
d A B
 1

Note d A B lb al la bl d B.A

d A B lb a 3 1 5 1 121 2

die R 4
d O A 5

dlc D 5

Scientific Notation a c x 10

ex
5,10 0,000 8
1

5.9 x 1012

ex O
eoe93

9.3 158
HW 2,3 5 11 16 25 26 33 34 37 43 45 49
12 Exponents and Radicals
recall a a a 54 5 5.5 5 625
g
jia.gg
Zero negative exponents

a 1
an
In E
ex I 3 2 2
x 3 3
2
3 3 ya
Laws of Exponents

4
1 amah ant ex 23.24 23 27
2 am am ex 123 234 212
2 2
3 ab a b ex 3 32 32 9
4
E of
3
5 a am ex 2 25 22 4
an
3 5 3 1 4
ex 8 y 2 2
2
4xty ysy2 y
Principle nth root fa i n index T radical sign
a radicand
Def 1 If 9 0 Ta 0
2 If a 0 Ta b a b is the solution
3
ex 35g 2 8 388 2
3 If a co and n is odd then b is the solution
for b a

ex F8 3 273 8 378 2
4 If a co and n is even Ta has no solution
ex Of no solution

Properties
D nra a ex E 5

2 Man a if a 10 ex Fl 5
3 In a if a co and n is odd ex FB 2

4 Man Lal if aco and n is even

ext FT 13 3

Laws of Radicals
D Fb Na na
2
F Eng
3
Fat ma
 3
ex 824
3
23 2
RETZ
apai
3
23 F F p 3523
My
2X y
y z FZ
2xy z 3ft
ex Fab Fasb
At
T.a.at a.at.
3a3yafa

Rationalizing the denominator

t ft
ex

IT BE
I a
IF IET 3g
ex

3h Ta sa

2 F 1
Er II
ex 2

77
Rational exponents Radicals

am at Cfa

ex x Sf
35
SF
52
ex
27343 y

BFF At t
5
Fa a d
2 5
3 123
9
9 312 32

HW 2,5 8 9 12 21 28 32 36 44 45 53 59 64
72 74 77 78 85 88 89 98