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اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
ﺣل ﻓﻲ ) D fﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف ( fاﻟﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f ( x) = 0ﺛم ﺣدد ﺣﺳب ﻗﯾم xإﺷﺎرة ) f ( xﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ
education-onec-dz.blogspot.com
x−3 − − − −0+ ( x + 2)2 + + 0 + +
ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل ﻣﻌﻧﺎ:
اﻟﻔﺎﯾﺳﺑوكRachidyahiyahi :
ﻓﺎﯾﺳﺑوك اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ :ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ ﯾﺎﺣﻲ رﺷﯾد ﻟدروس اﻟدﻋم واﻟﺗﻘوﯾﺔ )رﯾﺎﺿﯾﺎت( ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل ﻣﻌﻧﺎ:
اﻟﻔﺎﯾﺳﺑوكRachidyahiyahi :
ﻓﺎﯾﺳﺑوك اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ :ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ ﯾﺎﺣﻲ رﺷﯾد ﻟدروس اﻟدﻋم واﻟﺗﻘوﯾﺔ )رﯾﺎﺿﯾﺎت(
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
اﺣﺳب اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ
x+4 x+4
lim (14 lim (7
x2 − 11x + 30
x → 2 3x − 6
<
x→5 >
x+1 x+3
lim (15 lim (8
− x2 + 7x − 12 x → 5 −4x + 20
> >
x→4
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 02
x3 + x2 − 1
= ). f (x fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ } R − {−1; 1ﺑــ
x2 − 1
اﺣﺳب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف. ¬
ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل ﻣﻌﻧﺎ:
اﻟﻔﺎﯾﺳﺑوكRachidyahiyahi :
ﻓﺎﯾﺳﺑوك اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ :ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ ﯾﺎﺣﻲ رﺷﯾد ﻟدروس اﻟدﻋم واﻟﺗﻘوﯾﺔ )رﯾﺎﺿﯾﺎت(
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
ﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ
5
√ 3) lim =0
∞x →+ x−2
1
4) lim ∞+ 3x + 2 = +
∞x →+ x−1
1
limو ∞( lim 3x + 2 = + )ﻷن= 0 :
∞x →+ ∞x →+ x−1
ﻷن:
lim x+4 = 6
>
x→2
lim 3x − 6 = 0+
>
x→2
x+3
8) lim = −∞
x → 5 −4x + 20
>
:ﻷن
lim x+3 = 8
>
x→5
lim −4x + 20 = 0−
>
x→5
x −∞ 5 +∞
−4x + 20 + 0 −
−3x + 1
9) lim = −∞
x → 2 | x − 2|
{ :ﻷن
lim −3x + 1 = −5
x→2
lim | x − 2| = 0+
x→2
x+1
10) lim = +∞
x → 1 | x2 − 3x + 2|
{ :ﻷن
lim x + 1 =2
x→1
lim | x2 − 3x + 2| = 0+
x→1
−2x + 1
11) lim = −∞
x →4 ( x − 4 )2
{ :ﻷن
lim −2x + 1 = −7
x→4
lim ( x − 4)2 = 0+
x→4
4
12) lim √ = +∞
<
x→2 −3x + 6
√
lim −3x + 6 = 0+ :ﻷن
<
x→2
4
13) lim √ ∞= +
>
x→2 x2 − 3x + 2
√
lim ﻷنx2 − 3x + 2 = 0+ :
>
x→2
x+4
14) lim ∞= +
x → 5 x − 11x + 30
< 2
ﻷن:
lim x+4 = 9
<
x→5
lim x2 − 11x + 30 = 0+
<
x→5
x+1
15) lim ∞= −
>
x→4 − x2 + 7x − 12
ﻷن:
lim x+1 = 5
>
x→4
lim − x2 + 7x − 12 = 0−
>
x→4
02 اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن
x3 + x2 − 1
. f (x) = ﺑــR − {−1; 1} داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰf
x2 − 1
. ﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺗﻌرﯾفf ✓ ﺣﺳﺎب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ
x3
2) →
lim f ( x ) = lim = lim x = +∞
x +∞ →
x +∞ x2 x → +∞
3) lim f ( x ) = −∞
<
x → −1
:ﻷن
lim x 3 + x 2 − 1 = −1
<
x → −1
lim x 2 − 1 = 0+
<
x → −1
x −∞ −1 1 +∞
x2 − 1 + 0 − 0 +
4) lim f ( x ) = +∞
>
x → −1
:ﻷن
lim x 3 + x 2 − 1 = −1
>
x → −1
lim x 2 − 1 = 0−
>
x → −1
5) lim f ( x ) = −∞
<
x→1
ﻷن:
lim x3 + x2 − 1 = 1
<
x→1
lim x2 − 1 = 0−
<
x→1
ﻷن:
lim x3 + x2 − 1 = 1
>
x→1
lim x 2 − 1 = 0+
>
x→1
ﻟﻠﺗواﺻل ﻣﻌﻧﺎ:
اﻟﻔﺎﯾﺳﺑوكRachidyahiyahi :
ﻓﺎﯾﺳﺑوك اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ :ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻷﺳﺗﺎذ ﯾﺎﺣﻲ رﺷﯾد ﻟدروس اﻟدﻋم واﻟﺗﻘوﯾﺔ )رﯾﺎﺿﯾﺎت(
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
اﺣﺳب اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ
√
√ lim
x+2
(11 3x − 2
lim (1
<
x → −2 x2 − 4 ∞x →+ x+1
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 02
|| x − 2
= ). f (x fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ } R − {2ﺑــ
x−2
اﻛﺗب | | x − 2دون رﻣز اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ .ﺛم اﺳﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت fﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ. ¬
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 03
|| x2 − 3x + 2
= ). f (x fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ } R − {1ﺑــ
x−1
¬
اﻛﺗب ) f ( xدون رﻣز اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ ﺛم اﺣﺳب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت fﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ.
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
ﺣﺳب اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ
√
3x − 2
1) lim
∞x →+ x+1
∞+
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
∞+
√
√ 3 2
||x − 2
3x − 2 x x
lim = lim
∞x →+ x+1 ∞x →+ 1
) x (1 +
√ x
3 2
x
− 2
x x
= lim =0
∞x →+ 1
) x (1 +
x
5x + 2
√ 2) lim
∞x →− 9x2 − 3x + 1
∞−
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
∞+
2
5x + 2 ) x (5 +
√ lim = lim √ x
∞x →− 9x − 3x + 1
2 x →− ∞ 3 1
|x| 9 − + 2
x x
2
) x (5 + 5
= lim √ x =−
∞x →− 3 1 3
−x 9− + 2
x x
√
3) lim 3x − 2 − x + 5
x →+∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
√
√ 3 2
lim 3x − 2 − x + 5 = lim | x | − 2 −x+5
x →+∞ x →+∞ x x
√
3 2
= lim x − 2 −x+5
x →+∞ x x
[√ ]
3 2 5
= lim x − 2 −1+ = −∞
x →+∞ x x x
√
4) lim − x − 1 − x2 + 1
x →−∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
√
√ −1 1
lim −x − 1 − x + 1 =
2
lim | x |− 2 − x2 + 1
x →−∞ x →−∞ x x
√
1 1
= lim − x − − 2 − x2 + 1
x →−∞
[ √x x ]
1 1 1
= lim x − − − 2 − x + = −∞
x →−∞ x x x
√
5) lim 4x2 − 2x + 1 + 3x − 5
x →−∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
√
√ 2 1
lim 4x2 − 2x + 1 + 3x − 5 = 4 − + 2 + 3x − 5
lim | x |
x →−∞ x →−∞ x x
√
2 1
= lim − x 4 − + 2 + 3x − 5
x →−∞
[ √ x x ]
2 1 5
= lim x − 4 − + 2 + 3 − = −∞
x →−∞ x x x
√
6) lim 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x
x →+∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
(√ ) (√ )
√ 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x 4x2 + x + 2 + 2x
lim 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x = lim √
x →+∞ x →+∞ 4x2 + x + 2 + 2x
4x2 + x + 2 − (2x )2
= lim √
x →+∞ 4x2 + x + 2 + 2x
x+2
= lim √
x →+∞ 4x2 +(x + 2 +) 2x
2
x 1+
x
= lim √
x →+∞ 1 2
| x | 4 + + 2 + 2x
x x
( )
2
x 1+
x 1
= lim (√ ) =
x →+∞ 1 2 4
x
4+ + 2 +2
x x
√
7) lim 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x2
x →−∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
√ √
lim 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x2 = lim 4x2 + x + 2 − 2x2
x →−∞ x →−∞
√
1 2
= lim | x | 4 + + 2 − 2x2
x →−∞ x x
√
1 2
= lim − x 4 + + 2 − 2x2
x →−∞
[ √ x x ]
1 2
= lim x − 4 + + 2 − 2x = −∞
x →−∞ x x
√ √
8) lim 25x2 − 3x − 2 − 9x2 + x + 4
x →+∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
√ √
√ √ 3 2 1 4
lim 25x2 − 3x − 2 − 9x2 + x + 4 = lim | x | 25 − − 2 − | x | 9 + + 2
x →−∞ x →−∞
[ √ x x √
x x]
3 2 1 4
= lim x − 25 − − 2 + 9 + + 2 = +∞
x →−∞ x x x x
√ √
9) lim x+2− x
x →+∞
وﻣﻧﮫ+∞ − ∞ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
(√ √ ) (√ √ )
√ √ x+2− x x+2+ x
lim x+2− x = lim √ √
x →+∞ x →+∞ x+2+ x
x+2−x
= lim √ √
x →+∞ x+2+ x
2
= lim √ √ =0
x →+∞ x+2+ x
x2 − x − 2
10) lim
x →2 x 2 − 3x + 2
0
ﻧﻘوم ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﻛﻼ ﻣن اﻟﺑﺳط واﻟﻣﻘﺎم ﻧﺟد ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
x2 − 3x + 2 x − 2 x2 − x − 2 x − 2
− x2 + 2x x−1 − x2 + 2x x+1
−x+2 x−2
x−2 −x+2
0 0
x − 3x + 2 = ( x − 2)( x − 1) :أي
2 x2 − x − 2 = ( x − 2)( x + 1) :أي
وﻣﻧﮫ
x2 − x − 2 ( x−2)( x + 1)
lim = lim =3
x →2 x 2 − 3x + 2 ( x−2)( x − 1)
x →2
education-onec-dz.blogspot.com
x+2
11) lim √
x →−2 x2 − 4
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√
x+2 ( x + 2) x 2 − 4
lim √ = lim √ √
<
x → −2 x2 − 4 x →−2 x2 − 4 × x2 − 4
√
( x + 2) x 2 − 4
= lim
x →−2 x2 − 4
√
( x+2) x2 − 4
= lim
x →−2 ( x − 2) ( x+2)
0
= =0
−4
x−2
12) lim √
x →2 x−1−1
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√
x−2 ( x − 2)( x − 1 + 1)
lim √ = lim √ √
x →2 x−1−1 x →2 ( x − 1 − 1)( x − 1 + 1)
√
( x − 2)( x − 1 + 1)
= lim √ 2
x →2 x − 1 − (1)2
√
( x−2)( x − 1 + 1)
= lim
x →2 ( x−2)
= 2
√ √
x + 2 − 2x + 1
13) lim
x →1 x−1
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√ √ √ √ √ √
x + 2 − 2x + 1 ( x + 2 − 2x + 1)( x + 2 + 2x + 1)
lim = lim √ √
x →1 x−1 x →1 ( x − 1)( x + 2 + 2x + 1)
x + 2 − 2x − 1
= lim √ √
x →1 ( x − 1)( x + 2 + 2x + 1)
(−x+1)
= lim √ √
x →1 − (−x+1)( x + 2 + 2x + 1)
1
= lim √ √
x →1 −( x + 2 + 2x + 1)
1
= − √
2 3
√
x−1
14) lim
>
x→1 x−1
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√ √ √
x−1 x−1× x−1
lim = lim √
x→1 x − 1 x − 1( x − 1)
> >
x→1
( x−1)
= lim √
>
x→1 x − 1 ( x−1)
1
= lim √ = +∞
>
x→1 x−1
√
lim x − 1 = 0+ :ﻷن
x →1
√
x+1−1
15) lim
x →0 x2 − x
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√ √ √
x+1−1 ( x + 1 − 1)( x + 1 + 1)
lim = lim √
x →0 x2 − x x →0 ( x2 − x )( x + 1 + 1)
( x + 1 − 1)
= lim √
x →0 x ( x − 1)( x + 1 + 1)
( x)
= lim √
x →0 ( x
)( x − 1)( x + 1 + 1)
1
= −
2
√
x+1−2
16) lim
x →3 x−3
0
وﻣﻧﮫ ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
√ √ √
x+1−2 ( x + 1 − 2)( x + 1 + 2)
lim = lim √
x →3 x−3 x →3 ( x − 3)( x + 1 + 2)
√ 2
x + 1 − (2)2
= lim √
x →3 ( x − 3)( x + 1 + 2)
( x−3)
= lim √
( x−3)( x + 1 + 2)
x →3
1
=
4
x3 − 8
17) lim
x →2 x − 2
0
ح ع ت ﻣن اﻟﺷﻛل
0
ﻧﻘوم ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻟﺑﺳط ﻧﺟد:01 طرﯾﻘﺔ
طرﯾﻘﺔ :02ﻧﺳﺗﻌﻣل اﻟﻌدد اﻟﻣﺷﺗق :ﺑوﺿﻊ f ( x ) = x3 − 8ﻧﺟد f (2) = 0اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ R
وداﻟﺗﮭﺎ اﻟﻣﺷﺗﻘﺔ ھﻲ f ′ ( x) = 3x2أي f ′ (2) = 3(2)2 = 12 :وﻣﻧﮫ
x3 − 8 )f ( x ) − f (2
lim = lim = f ′ (2) = 12
x →2 x − 2 x →2 x−2
) sin(5x
18) lim
x →0 7x
ﻧﺳﺗﻌﻣل اﻟﻌدد اﻟﻣﺷﺗق :ﺑوﺿﻊ ) f ( x) = sin(5xﻧﺟد f (0) = 0اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ Rوداﻟﺗﮭﺎ اﻟﻣﺷﺗﻘﺔ
ھﻲ ) f ′ ( x ) = 5 cos(5xأيf ′ (0) = 5 cos(0) = 5 :
وﻣﻧﮫ
) sin(5x 1 ) sin(5x 1 )f ( x ) − f (0 1 5
lim = lim = × lim = )= × f ′ (0
x →0 7x 7 x →0 x 7 x →0 x−0 7 7
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 02
|| x − 2
= ). f (x fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ } R − {2ﺑــ
x−2
{ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ | | x − 2دون رﻣز {
اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ. ¬
]−( x − 2) , x ∈] − ∞; 2 −( x − 2) , x − 2 ≤ 0
= || x − 2 أي = || x − 2
x−2 [∞, x ∈ [2; + x−2 , x−2 ≥ 0
وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ
[ − ( x − 2) , x ∈] − ∞; 2
= )f (x x−2
x − 2
[∞, x ∈]2; +
x−2
ﺣﺳﺎب ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت fﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ.
)−( x − 2 −x
→ )1
lim f ( x ) = lim = lim = −1
x ∞− →x )− ∞ ( x − 2 x → −∞ x
−)( x−2
3) lim f ( x ) = lim = −1
<
x→2
<)( x−2
x→2
−)( x−2
4) lim f ( x ) = lim =1
>
x→2
>)( x−2
x→2
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 03
| x2
|− 3x + 2
= ). f (x fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ } R − {1ﺑــ
x−1
ﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ) f ( xدون رﻣز اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ اوﻻ ﻧدرس إﺷﺎرة x2 − 3x + 2ﻧﺣل اﻟﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ x2 − 3x + 2 = 0 ¬
ﻟدﯾﻧﺎ ∆ = (−3)2 − 4(1)(2) = 1 > 0وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺗﻘﺑل ﺣﻼن ﺣﻘﯾﻘﯾﺎن ھﻣﺎ x1 = 1و x2 = 2واﺷﺎرة
x2 − 3x + 2ﻣدوﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟدول اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
{ وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
−( x2 − 3x + 2) , x2 − 3x + 2 ≤ 0
= || x2 − 3x + 2
x2 − 3x + 2 , x2 − 3x + 2 ≥ 0
{ أي
−( x2]− 3x + 2) , x ∈ [1; 2
= || x2 − 3x + 2
x2 − 3x + 2 [∞, x ∈] − ∞; 1] ∪ [2; +
وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
)−( x2 − 3x + 2
|| x − 3x + 2
2 ], x ∈]1; 2
= )f (x = x−1
x−1
x2 − 3x + 2
[∞, x ∈] − ∞; 1[∪[2; +
x−1
` اﻟواﺟب اﻟﻣﻧزﻟﻲ رﻗم 04ﺣول ﺗﻌﯾﯾن اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت ﺑﯾﺎﻧﯾﺎ و ﻣن ﺟدول اﻟﺗﻐﯾرات +اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ.
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 01
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟداﻟﺔ f
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
¬ ﻋﯾن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
ﻋﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻋﻧد ﺣدود ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف
6
5
اﻟﺟواب:
4
¬ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ fھﻲ: 3
[∞D f = R =] − ∞; + 2
. 1−
→
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ ﺑﯾﺎﻧﯾﺎ j
o −
→
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 i 1 2 3 4
−1
∞• lim f ( x ) = −
∞x → −
−2
∞• lim f ( x ) = +
∞x → +
−3
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 02
fداﻟﺔ ﻋددﯾﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛل ﻣﺟﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ .ﻟﮭﺎ ﺟدول اﻟﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
x ∞− −1 2 ∞+
0.5 ∞+
)f (x
∞− 0
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 03
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
اﻟﺟواب: 3
1−
→
[∞D f = R =] − ∞; + j
o −
→
. −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 i 1 2 3 4
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ ﺑﯾﺎﻧﯾﺎ −1
−2
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 04
fداﻟﺔ ﻋددﯾﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛل ﻣﺟﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ .ﻟﮭﺎ ﺟدول اﻟﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
x ∞− −1 ∞+
∞+∞ +
)f (x
2 2
¬ ﻋﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻋﻧد أطراف ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ
اﻟﺟواب:
education-onec-dz.blogspot.com
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 05
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
اﻟﺟواب: 6
4
[∞D f = R − {−1} =] − ∞; −1[∪] − 1; +
3
.
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f 2
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 06
fداﻟﺔ ﻋددﯾﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛل ﻣﺟﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ .ﻟﮭﺎ ﺟدول اﻟﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
1 3
x ∞− 1 ∞+
2 2
)f ′ (x + 0 − − 0 +
اﻟﺟواب:
.
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f
∞• lim f ( x ) = −
∞x → −
∞• lim f ( x ) = +
∞x → +
∞• lim f ( x ) = −
<
x→1
∞• lim f ( x ) = +
>
x→1
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 07
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
اﻟﺟواب: 6
4
[∞D f = R − {0} =] − ∞; 0[∪]0; +
3
.
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f 2
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 08
fداﻟﺔ ﻋددﯾﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺗﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛل ﻣﺟﺎل ﻣن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾﻔﮭﺎ .ﻟﮭﺎ ﺟدول اﻟﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ:
x ∞− 0 2 3 ∞+
.
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f
• lim f ( x ) = 4
∞x → −
• lim f ( x ) = −2
∞x → +
∞• lim f ( x ) = +
<
x→2
∞• lim f ( x ) = +
>
x→2
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 09
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
اﻟﺟواب:
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
¬ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ fھﻲ: 6
4
. )∆(
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f 3
∞• lim f ( x ) = −
∞x → − 2
• ∞lim f ( x ) = +
∞x → + 1−
→
وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ • ∞lim f ( x ) = + j
<
( ) x→1 o −
→
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 i 1 2 3 4
−1
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ • ∞f ( x ) = −
>
( ) x→1 −2
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f
−3
.f اﻟداﻟﺔ ﺗﻐﯾرات ﺟدول ®
ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟداﻟﺔ f
x ∞− ∞+
¬ ﻋﯾن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
1
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 10
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ f
6
اﻟﺟواب: 5
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 11
( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
اﻟﺟواب: ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ . f
¬ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ fھﻲ: 6
5
[∞D f = R − {−1; 1} =] − ∞; −1[∪] − 1; 1[∪]1; +
4
. )∆(
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f 3
• ∞lim f ( x ) = − 2
∞x → −
• ∞lim f ( x ) = +
∞x → + 1−
→
وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ • ∞lim f ( x ) = − j
( )
<
x → −1 o −
→
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 i 1 2 3 4
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f −1
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ • ∞f ( x ) = +
>
x → −1 −2
( )
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f −3
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • ∞f ( x ) = −
<
(→x)1
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟداﻟﺔ f
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • ∞f ( x ) = + ¬ ﻋﯾن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
ﻋﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻋﻧد ﺣدود ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ
>
) (
x → 1
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﺳﯾرھﺎ ھﻧدﺳﯾﺎ ان اﻣﻛن
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 12
اﻟﺟواب:
( )
¬ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ fھﻲ: اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ . f
[∞D f = R − {−1; 1} =] − ∞; −1[∪] − 1; 1[∪]1; +
6
.
5
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f
• ∞lim f ( x ) = − 4
∞x → − )∆(
وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ y = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • lim f ( x ) = 1 3
∞ )(x → +
ﻣﻘﺎرب اﻓﻘﻲ ﻟـ C fﺑﺟوار ∞. + 2
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ <
• ∞f ( x ) = − 1−
→
→ −1
) ( x j
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f o −
→
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 i 1 2 3 4
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ >
• ∞f ( x ) = + −1
→
( ) x −1
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f −2
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • ∞f ( x ) = −
< −3
( x) 1→
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • ∞f ( x ) = + ﻧﻔس أﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن .11
>
) (x → 1
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f
اﻟﺗﻣرﯾن 13
اﻟﺟواب: ( )
اﻟﺷﻛل اﺳﻔﻠﮫ ﯾﻣﺛل C fاﻟﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻣﺛل
¬ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ fھﻲ: 1
ﻟﻠداﻟﺔ fﺣﯾث . f (0) = −
4
[∞D f = R − {−2; 2} =] − ∞; −2[∪] − 2; 2[∪]2; +
.
ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ f
→ • وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ y = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم lim f ( x ) = 1
∞( x ) −
ﻣﻘﺎرب اﻓﻘﻲ ﻟـ C fﺑﺟوار ∞. −
→ وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ y = 1ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • lim f ( x ) = 1
∞ )(x +
ﻣﻘﺎرب اﻓﻘﻲ ﻟـ C fﺑﺟوار ∞. +
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −2ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ <
• ∞f ( x ) = +
→ −2
) ( x
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = −2ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ >
• ∞f ( x ) = −
→ −2
) ( x
ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﻧﺣﻧﻰ اﻟداﻟﺔ f
ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ . C f
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 2ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم • ∞f ( x ) = − ¬ ﻋﯾن ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﺗﻌرﯾف اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
) (x
<
→ 2 ﻋﯾن ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ fﻋﻧد ﺣدود ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف ﻣﻊ ﺗﻔﺳﯾرھﺎ ھﻧدﺳﯾﺎ
limوﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ x = 2ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﯾم >
• ∞f ( x ) = + ® ﻣﺛل ﺟدول ﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
( x) 2→
ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻋﻣودي ﻟـ C f
® ﺟدول ﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟداﻟﺔ . f
x ∞− −2 0 2 ∞+
∞+ 1 ∞+
−
)f (x 4
1 ∞− ∞− 1