MODULE TEST 1

GAS LAWS
 GAS LAWS

The innumerable tests on the physical characteristics of gases that were

conducted over several centuries are what led to the development of the gas
laws that we will discuss in this chapter. Each of these generalizations about the
macroscopic behavior of gases marks a significant turning point in the
development of science. They have collaborated extensively to advance a variety
of chemistry concepts.
 RIMBERIO CO
01 BOYLES LAW
Robert Boyle conducted systematic and
quantitative studies of the behavior of
gases in the seventeenth century. Boyle
looked into the link between pressure and
volume of a gas sample in one set of
studies. The typical statistics that Boyle
gathered are displayed in Note that as
pressure (P) is increased at constant
temperature (T), a given amount of gas
occupies less volume (V). In arbitrary units,
compare the first data point's pressure of
724 mmHg and volume of 1.50 to the last
data point's pressure of 2250 mmHg and
volume of 0.58. At constant temperature, it
is obvious that the relationship between
pressure and volume of a gas is inverse.
The volume that the gas occupies reduces
as the pressure rises.
3 GAS LAWS
02 GAY LUSSACS LAW
Boyle's law requires that the system's
temperature stay constant. But what if the
temperature changes? How would that
impact the gas's volume and pressure? Let's
start by examining how temperature affects
a gas's volume. French scientists Jacques
Charles and Joseph Gay-Lussac were among
the first to study this relationship. Their
research demonstrated that, at constant
pressure, a gas sample's volume increases
with heat and decreases with cold, and that
the quantitative relationships between
changes in gas temperature and volume are
extremely stable.
03 AVOGADROS LAW
Boyle, Charles, and Gay-research Lussac's
were supplemented by the work of the
Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro. He
published a theory in 1811 suggesting that
equal quantities of various gases have the
same number of molecules when they are
at the same temperature and pressure (or
atoms if the gas is monatomic). The volume
of any given gas must, therefore, be
proportionate to the moles of molecules it
contains