GRÅM XÌ

GRÅM XÌCK
CKLC
LCM
M ^MVM
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS

EM\D 6>6>
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 6 hb =7

XMFO M HB CDK
CDKXBKLH
XBKLHD
D

=. LKXVDHRCCLÓ
LKXVDHRCCLÓK
K \ MKXBCB
MKXBCBHBKXB
HBKXBS
S ......................
............................................
............................................
............................................
........................ 3
=.= Lktrdhucclók
Lktrdhucclók ...............
.................................
..................................
.................................
.................................
..................................
..........................
........ 3
=.6 Mktbcbhb
Mktb cbhbktbs
ktbs ................
.................................
..................................
..................................
.................................
.................................
.......................
...... 3
6. DF@BXLQDS
DF@BXLQDS ...................
..........................................
.............................................
............................................
............................................
......................................
................ 8

3. ÍEFLXD HB M^OLC
M^OLCMCLÓK
MCLÓK .....................
...........................................
............................................
............................................
......................................
................ 8

8. EMVCD CDKCB
CDKCB^XRMO
^XRMO ....................
...........................................
..............................................
.............................................
.........................................
................... 8

8.= ^lbzóebtrd...............
^lbzóebtrd ...............................
.................................
..................................
..................................
..................................
............................
........... 8
8.6 ^lbzóebtrd hb tufd mflbrtd d Cmsmgrmkhb .............................................................. 8
8.3 ^lbzóebtrd hb cubrhm vlfrmktb ................................................................................ 2
8.8 ^lbzóebtrd kbueítlcd ............................................................................................. 1
8.2 Mcuåabrd olfr
Mcuåabrd olfrbb ..............
...............................
..................................
..................................
.................................
..................................
..........................
........ 7
8.1 Mcuåabrd cdkalkmhd .................................................................................................. 7
8.7 Mcuåabrd sbelcdkalkmhd ........................................................................................... 7
2. LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB ^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS ............................................................... :

2.= Emtbrlmobs y mccbsdrlds ........................................................................................... :

2.6 ^rdcbhle
^rdcbhlelbktd
lbktd ...............
................................
..................................
..................................
.................................
.................................
......................=>
.....=>
1. VBCDEBKHMCL
VBCDEBKHMCLDKBS
DKBS ......................
.............................................
..............................................
.............................................
.......................................
................. =8

7. VBABVBKCLMS
VBABVBKCLMS FLFOLDGVMAL
FLFOLDGVMALCMS
CMS ...................
..........................................
.............................................
............................................
............................
...... =2

:. MKBZDS
MKBZDS ..........................................
................................................................
............................................
.............................................
........................................
................. =1
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 3 hb =7

=. LKXVDHRCCLÓK \ MKXBCBHBKXBS
=.= Lktrdhucclók

Bstm guåm cdktlbkb lkadremclók bspbcåalcm pmrm rbmolzmr om lkstmomclók hb lkstruebktmclók bk

plbzóebtrds surgbktbs
surgbktbs cdk bo alk hb cdktrdomr om hbscmrgm y bo rbglstrd hb om prbslók hbo mgum
bk om fdcm hb uk plbzóebtrd Xufd Mflbrtd. Bo aou`d hb ods plbzóebtrds surgbktbs hbfb
cdktrdomrsb pmrm bvltmr bo cdktmctd cdk oms mgums supbralclmobs cded mrrdyds, råds y omgukms9
hdkhb pubhb mabctmr om cmolhmh hbo mgum supbralclmo, bo jífltmt hb ods drgmklseds mcuítlcds y
mctlvlhmhbs cded0 om mgrlcuoturm y om gmkmhbråm. Dtrm rmzók pmrm cdktrdomr bo aou`d bs bvltmr
qub bo hbspbrhlcld hb mgum pubhb hlselkulr om prbslók hb cdkalkmelbktd bk ods mcuåabrds, y
kd mabctb bo rbkhlelbktd hb pdzds hb prdhucclók y/d emkmktlmobs cdktlguds d cbrcmkds.
Mslelsed, cumkhd bo mgum suftbrríkbm aouyb pdr om fdcm hbo plbzóebtrd pubhb dcmsldkmr
hmýds cded0 brdslók hbo subod, jukhlelbktds y adremr suelhbrds.

=.6 Mktbcbhbktbs

Hbktrd hb ods hlvbrsds Bstuhlds Jlhrdgbdoóglcds rbmolzmhds pdr Mepjds 6= pmrm hlabrbktbs
beprbsms hbo rufrd elkbrd, sb jm oobvmhd m cmfd om cdkstrucclók hb ukm rbh hb plbzóebtrds
hb Xufd Mflbrtd d tlpd Cmsmgrmkhb (tufbråm ^QC hb Cìhuom :> hlíebtrd hb 6 ") cdk om
alkmolhmh hb rbmolzmr bo edkltdrbd hb klvbobs y tdem hb eubstrm hb mgum suftbrríkbm.

Cdk bo edkltdrbd hb om prdaukhlhmh hbo klvbo hb mgum, sb hbalkb bspmclmoebktb bo klvbo

plbzdeìtrlcd y sus aouctumcldkbs m trmvìs hbo tlbepd. Oms surgbkclms hb mgum pdr od gbkbrmo
sb jmk bkcdktrmhd bk ods adkhds hb vmoob (zdkms hb hbscmrgm), hdkhb bo mcuåabrd sb
bkcubktrm cdkalkmhd y mo edebktd hb b`bcutmr ukm pbradrmclók sb hm om surgbkclm hb mgum
hb emkbrm cdktlkum bk om fdcm hbo sdkhm`b.

Om lkstmomclók hb uk plbzóebtrd bk sdkhm`b cdk surgbkclm hb mgum bs euy cdepolcmhm y

hbfb sbgulrsb uk prdcbhlelbktd rlgurdsd pmrm tbkbr ìxltd, y kd pbrhbr bo sdkhm`b y bo
plbzóebtrd.

Oms cmrmctbråstlcms hb uk plbzóebtrd surgbktb mo alkmolzmr om lkstmomclók, sdk bo aou`d cdktlkud

hb mgums suftbrríkbms qub tlbkb qub sbr cdktrdomhd ebhlmktb uk slstbem hb tufbråms y
víovuoms. Bk eucjds cmsds, bo mgum hbscmrgmhm hb ods plbzóebtrds surgbktbs prbsbktm ukm
cmolhmh hb mgum qub gbkbrm cmeflds mo bktrmr bk cdktmctd cdk cubrpds hb mgum
supbralclmobs, y hmkhd cded rbsuotmhd uk pmslvd meflbktmo. ^dr tmo edtlvd, Mepjds 6= pmrm
ods cmsds qub sbm amctlfob prbsbktm bstm Guåm Xìcklcm, bk om cumo sb rbcdelbkhm om
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 8 hb =7

ebtdhdodgåm m sbgulr pmrm lkstmomclók hb uk bqulpmelbktd qub pbreltm uk cdrrbctd sboomhd

hb om surgbkclm hb mgum, y mhbeís gmrmktlcb bo edkltdrbd pbrlóhlcd hb om cmrgm jlhríuolcm y
tdem hb eubstrm hb mgum suftbrríkbm.

6. DF@BXLQDS
Ods df`btlvds hb om prbsbktb guåm tìcklcm sdk0

• Hmr m cdkdcbr ods bqulpds y mccbsdrlds kbcbsmrlds pmrm om lkstruebktmc

lkstruebktmclók
lók hb ods
plbzóebtrds surgbktbs.

• Frlkhmr ukm sbcubkclm hb pmsds pmrm rbmolzmr oms gbstldkbs hb om lkstruebktmc

lkstruebktmclók.
lók.

3. ÍEF
ÍEFLXD
LXD HB M^OLCM
M^OLCMCLÓK
CLÓK
Om prbsbktb guåm tìcklcm bs hb mpolcmclók pmrm tdhds ods prdybctds hdkhb sb lhbktlalqub uk

plbzóebtrd surgbktb, y sbrí rbspdksmflolhmh hbo cdksuotdr jlhrdgbóodgd hb jmcbr cuepolr

cdk oms beprbsms sufcdktrmtmhms hb pbradrmclók.

8. EMVCD CDKCB
CDKCB^XRMO
^XRMO
8.= ^lbzóebtrd

Bs uk lkstruebktd sboomhd hbktrd hbo subod hb edhd qub rbspdkhb sdod m om prbslók hb mgum
suftbrríkbm morbhbhdr hb så elsed y kd m om prbslók hb mgum hb dtrms bobvmcldkbs. ^breltb
ebhlr om prbslók hb mgum cdktbklhm bk ods pdrds hbo subod cuyds rbsuotmhds sdk bxprbsmhds
bk ebtrds y om prdaukhlhmh hbo klvbo hbo mgum. Bs lkstmomhd bk uk sdkhm`b pbradrmhd bk bo
sufsubod.

8.6 ^lbzóebtrd hb tuf d mflbrtd d Cm

Cmsmgrmkh
smgrmkhbb

Sdk plbzóebtrds hb edkltdrbd qub slrvbk pmrm ebhlr bo klvbo plbzdeìtrlcd hbo mgum
suftbrríkbm y om prdaukhlhmh hbo klvbo arbítlcd, oms obcturms sdk jbcjms ebhlmktb ukm sdkhm
boìctrlcm (Wmtbr obvbo ebtbr) bo cumo, mo cdktmctd cdk bo mgum beltb ukm sbýmo lkhlcmkhd om
prdaukhlhmh hbo klvbo plbzdeìtrlcd.
plbzdeìtrlcd.

Ods plbzóebtrds sb lkstmomk bk pbradrmcldkbs y/d sdkhbds hlmemktlkds, bstds cdkstmk hb uk

rbvbstlelbktd hb tufd hb ^QC hb 6― hb hlíebtrd, rmkurmhms bk bo adkhd pmrm bo lkgrbsd hb
mgum suftbrríkbm mo bxtbrldr hb om tufbråm, sb cdodcm uk alotrd hb grmvm hb cumrzd. Om Algurm

8.= eubstrm bo hbtmoob alkmo hb uk plbzóebtrd bk om supbralclb hbo tbrrbkd.

 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 2 hb =7

Algur m 8.= Hbtmoob plbzóebtrd tlpd Cmsmgrmkhb

8.3 ^lbzóebtrd hb cubrh m vlf rmktb

Bo plbzóebtrd hb cubrhm vlfrmktb bs uk hlspdsltlvd qub fmsm sus ebhlcldkbs m pmrtlr hb oms
hbadremcldkbs qub prdhucbk vdotm`bs d cdrrlbktbs m pmrtlr hb uk bsaubrzd ebcíklcd (vbr
Algurm 8.6). Hlcjms tbksldkbs drlglkmk vlfrmcldkbs bk uk cmfob tbksldkmhd m ukm ebefrmkm
y su tufd prlkclpmo y sb elhb om vmrlmclók pdr ebhld hb ukm fdflkm bobctrdemgkìtlcm.

Bo lkstruebktd utlolzm uk hlmarmgem sbkslfob (kdremoebktb hb mcbrd lkdxlhmfob) bo cumo sb

cdkbctm m uk bobebktd hb cubrhm vlfrmktb. Oms prbsldkbs cmeflmktbs bk bo hlmarmgem
dcmsldkmk qub sb hbsvåb y bsm hbsvlmclók sb elhb cded uk cmefld bk om tbkslók y

arbcubkclm hb vlfrmclók hbo bobebktd hb cubrhm vlfrmktb.

 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 1 hb =7

Algur m 8.6 Sbksdr hb cubrhm vlfrmktb

8.8 ^lbzóebtrd kbueítlc d

Bo plbzóebtrd kbueítlcd bs uk sbksdr qub vm cdolkhmktb m uk bobebktd pdrdsd qub sb

cdodcm m om prdaukhlhmh hbsbmhm y cdkbctm mo slstbem kbueítlcd hb ebhlclók, ebhlmktb
emkgubrms poístlcms qub cdkhucb bo mlrb m prbslók.

Bo slstbem kbueítlcd cdkslstb bk ukm hbogmhm oíelkm d hlmarmgem aobxlfob om cumo rbclfb om
prbslók hbo mgum prdvdcmkhd su hbaobxlók, y cdk bood om dfturmclók hb hds drlalclds bk bo omhd
sbcd hbo hlmarmgem. Mpolcmkhd ukm prbslók kbueítlcm cdktrdomhm, pdr ukd hb bsds drlalclds,
om prbslók rbqubrlhm pmrm sbpmrmr bo hlmarmgem bs `ustmebktb om prbslók bk bo mgum, od qub
sb cdkstmtm mo hbtbctmr clbrtd aou`d hb mlrb hb rbtdrkd pdr bo dtrd drlalcld.

Algur m 8.3 Hbtmoob hb uk plbzóebtrd kbueítlcd (Hukklcolaa, =<<3)

 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm 7 hb =7

8.2 Mcu åabrd olf rb

Sdk mquboods bk ods qub bo klvbo hb mgum sb bkcubktrm pdr hbfm`d hbo tbcjd hb om adremclók

pbrebmfob (vbr Algurm 8.8). Olfbrmk mgum pdr hbsmturmclók, bs hbclr, bo mgum qub cbhbk bs bo
mgum qub tlbkbk moemcbkmhm, bstb vdouebk hb mgum bs motd y pdr bood tlbkbk fmstmktb
lkbrclm.

8.1
8.1 Mcuåabrd cdkal kmhd

Bk uk mcuåabrd cdkalkmhd bo mgum bstí sdebtlhd m clbrtm prbslók, supbrldr m om mtedsaìrlcm y

dcupm m om tdtmolhmh hb ods pdrds d jubcds hb om adremclók gbdoóglcm qub od cdktlbkb,
smturíkhdom tdtmoebktb (vbr Algurm 8.8). ^dr bood, hurmktb om pbradrmclók hb pdzds bk
mcuåabrds hb bstb tlpd, mo mtrmvbsmr bo tbcjd hbo elsed sb dfsbrvm uk mscbksd ríplhd hbo
klvbo hbo mgum jmstm bstmflolzmrsb bk ukm hbtbrelkmhm pdslclók.

Algur m 8.8 Bsqubem hb uk mcuåabrd olfrb y cdkalkmhd

8.7
8.7 Mcuåabrd sbelcdkal kmhd

Sdk mquboods qub pubhbk cdkslhbrmrsb cded uk cmsd pmrtlcuomr m ods mcuåabrds cdkalkmhds,
bk qub bo eurd (pmrtb lkabrldr) y/d bo tbcjd (pmrtb supbrldr) qub ods bkclbrrm kd sbm
tdtmoebktb lepbrebmfob slkd uk mcultmrhd, bs hbclr uk emtbrlmo qub pbreltm ukm alotrmclók
vbrtlcmo hbo mgum, euy obktm, qub molebktb bo mcuåabrd d emsm hb mgum sltumhm bkclem d
hbfm`d hbo elsed (vbr Algurm 8.2). Cded bs oóglcd, bstb pmsd vbrtlcmo hb mgum bs sdod
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm : hb =7

pdslfob cumkhd bxlstb ukm hlabrbkclm hb pdtbkclmobs bktrb mefds mcuåabrds (bo qub rbcmrgm y
bo rbcmrgmhd) y pubhb jmcbrsb bk ukd u dtrd sbktlhd, b lkcousd vmrlmr cdk bo tlbepd sbgðk
sbm om pdslclók rbomtlvm hb ods klvbobs plbzdeìtrlcd
plbzdeìtrlcdss hb ods elseds.

Algur m 8.2 Hbtmoob hb uk mcuåabrd sbelcdkalkmhd

2. LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK H
HB
B ^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Cded sb jm ebkcldkmhd mo lklcld hbo hdcuebktd, om lkstruebktmclók hb ods plbzóebtrds
surgbktbs bs hb vltmo lepdrtmkclm pmrm cdktrdomr bo aou`d hb hbscmrgm y bo rbglstrd hb om
prbslók hb mgum, cdkslhbrmhd bstb ðotled pmrm bo edkltdrbd hb om vmrlmclók hb om cmrgm
jlhríuolcm hbo mcuåabrd bk bo tlbepd. Mslelsed, cdktmr cdk uk mccbsd cdktrdomhd pmrm tdemr

eubstrms hb mgum hb emkbrm pbrlóhlcm pmrm mtbkhbr hlvbrsms cmepmýms hb eubstrbd.

2.= Emtbrlmobs y mccbsdrl ds

^mrm om lkstruebktmclók hb ods plbzóebtrds surgbktbs bs kbcbsmrld prbvlmebktb hbalklr ods
emtbrlmobs y bqulpds (rmkgd hb ebhlclók) qub sbrík kbcbsmrld pmrm lkstruebktmr uk
plbzóebtrd Cmsmgrmkhb (tufbråm ^QC hb Cìhuom :> hlíebtrd hb 6 ").

Bs rbcdebkhmfob qub mktbs hb suflr m cmepd, sdfrb om fmsb hb om lkadremclók hb uflcmclók

hb plbzóebtrds (adkhd hb vmoob, zdkms hb hbscmrgm) y bo bktbkhlelbktd cdkcbptumo
jlhrdgbdoóglcd (pdslfobs tlpds hb mcuåabrds) sb hbalkm om cmktlhmh hb pdtbkclmobs
plbzóebtrds surgbktbs, y sb pubhm oobvmr prbamfrlcmhd bo bqulpmelbktd cdepobtd kbcbsmrld.
Oms bspbclalcmcldkbs tìcklcms
tìcklcms sb eubstrmk bk bo Mkbxd M y F.
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm < hb =7

Om Xmfom 2.= y Xmfom 2.6 eubstrmk om olstm hb oms jbrrmelbktms, bqulpds y mccbsdrlds
kbcbsmrlds pmrm rbmolzmr uk mhbcumhd cdktrdo hbo mgum suftbrríkbm bk om fdcm hbo
plbzóebtrd.

Xmfom 2.= Mccbsdrlds rbcdebkhmhds

rbcdebkhmhds pmrm
pmrm bo cdktrdo hb plbzóebtrds surgbktbs
surgbktbs

Mccbs
Mc cbsdr
drld
ld s rbcd
r bcdebk
ebkhmh
hmhds
ds pmr
pmrmm bo cdk
c dktr
trdo
do y edk
e dkltlt dr
drbd
bd
Xlpd hb ^lbzóebtrd
hb uk plbzóebtrd surgbktb

- >= Rklók ‟X― ^QC cdk rdscm hb ú56―.

^lbzóebtrd Cmsmgrmkhb
- >= Mhmptmhdr ^QC hb ú56―.
- >6 tmpms ^QC dctdgdkmobs cdk rdscm hb ú56―.
- >= oomvb bsaìrlcm cdodr pomtm hb emtbrlmo frdkcb hb ú5µ―.
- >= tmpók emcjd ^QC d gmovmklzmhd cdk rdscm hb ú5µ―.
- >= tmpók cdk drlalcld ^QC cdk rdscm hb ú5µ―.

Xmfom 2.6 Jbrrmelbktms y emtbrlmobs rbcdebkhmhds pmrm bo cdktrdo y edkltdrbd bk

plbzóebtrds surgbktbs

Xlpd hb ^lbzóebtrd Emtbrlmobs y jbrrmel

jbrrmelbktms
bktms

^lbzóebtrd Cmsmgrmkhb
- Xufd Cmslk
Cmslkgg Ebtíolcd J] hb ú bxt5<1 ee.
- Xmpm Cmslkg Ebtíolcd.
- Emkóebtrd ememrcm
rcm XBSS y/d MSX cdk prbsl
prbsldkbs
dkbs hb =, =.2,
6, 3, =>, 3> ^SL.
- Clktm tbaoók.
- >= ^bgmebk
^bgmebktd td Dmtby eb
ebhlmkd
hlmkd mzuo cbebktd pm
pmrm
rm ^QC.
- >= Adremhdr hb Bepmqubtmhurm
Bepmqubtmhurms.s.
- >8 tmfoms hb >.3> e x >.2> e pmrm bo hmhd hb cbebktd.
- =/6 hb gmoók hb plkturm bsemotb hb cdodr memrlood.
- =/: hb gmoók hb plkturm bsemotb hb cdodr kbgrd.
- = fdosm hb cbebktd.
- >= cmk
cmkhmhd
hmhd cdk su oomvb.
- >6 Oomvb m`ustmfob hb =6―.
- Jd`m hb Slbrrm emrcm Sm
Smkh
kh Aobx.
- Comvds pmrm mremhurm hbo bkcdarmhd
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm => hb =7

2.6 ^rdcbhlelbktd
Bo prdcbhlelbktd dpbrmtlvd pmrm om lkstmomclók hb ods emtbrlmobs y mccbsdrlds bk om fdcm hbo

plbzóebtrd surgbktb hbo tlpd Cmsmgrmkhb bs bo slgulbktb0

Cdk bo df`btlvd hb cdkdcbr bo cmuhmo hb om hbscmrgm hbo mgum, hurmktb ods trmfm`ds hb
•

pbradrmclók sb rbqulbrb ebhlr vmrlmr vbcbs bo cmuhmo m lktbrvmods hb 2 e hb

prdaukhlhmh. Bstm lkadremclók sbrvlrí pmrm rbmolzmr ukm gríalcm hb vmrlmclók hbo
cmuhmo cdk om prdaukhlhmh, y pubhm myuhmr m hbalklr uk hlsbýd mhbcumhd hbo
plbzóebtrd.

• Rkm vbz lkstmomhd bo plb

plbzóebtrd,
zóebtrd, bs kbcbsmrld hbtbrelkmr oomm moturm hb mscbk
mscbksd
sd hbo
mgum hbo plbzóebtrd surgbktb, y rbmolzmr om cdkvbrslók hb cdouekm hb mgum eJ6D m
^SL. Bstm ebhlclók sb odgrm mcdpomkhd ukd d hds tufds hb ^QC m om sdfrmktb hbo
plbzóebtrd, cdk bo vmodr dftbklhd sb hbalkb om prbslók hbo emkóebtrd (vbr Xmfom 2.3)
qub sb vm m lkstmomr bk bo mcdpob (cdkslhbrmr tmeflìk om bstmcldkmolhmh hb oms
prbclpltmcldkbs, hmhd qub bk tbepdrmhm jðebhm om prbslók bs emydr qub bk
tbepdrmhm sbcm).

Xmfom 2.3 Cdepmrmclók bktrb om cdouekm hb mgum y om prbslók qub b`brcb uk plbzóebtrd
surgbktb

^rbslók ^rbslók Cmpmclhmh rbcdebkhmhm Amctdr hb

Cdouekm
Cdoue km hb mgum
mgum
(psl) (Fmrbs) hb emkóebtrd Sbgurlhmh
= e J6> =.866 >.><: 6 ó 3 ^SL x6
2 e J6> 7.==> >.8<> =2 ^SL x6
=> e J6> =8.66 >.<:= 3> ^SL x6
•
Om lkstmomclók lklclm cd
cdkk cdodcmr culhmhdsmebktb om tmpm hb prdtbcclók Cmslkg m
trmvìs hb om fdcm hbo plbzóebtrd (tufbråm ^QC hb Cìhuom :> hlíebtrd hb 6").

• Sb prdcbhb m rdscmr y uklr ods mcdpobs hb ^QC cdk bo tbaoók y bo adremhdr hb

bepmqubtmhurms cded sdk0 Rkldk ‟X― ^QC cdk rdscm hb ú56―, mhmptmhdr ^QC hb
ú56―, >6 tmpdkbs hb adrem dctdgdkmo ^QC cdk rdscm hb ú56―, >= oomvb bsaìrlcm cdodr
pomtm hb emtbrlmo frdkcb hb ú5µ―, >= tmpm cdk drlalcld ^QC cdk rdscm ú5µ― y bo
emkóebtrd (vbr Algurm 2.=)
2.=)..

Kdtm0 Bk cmsd, oms ebhlcldkbs hbo cmuhmo sbmk emydr m >.2 o/s ods mccbsdrlds sbrík hb
emtbrlmo gmovmklzmhd.)
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm == hb =7

Emkóebtrd Xmpók hb adrem

Dctdgdkmo ^QC
cdk rdscm ú56―

Xmpm drlalcld hb
^QC cdk rdscm
ú5=/6―

Oomvb bsaìrlcm
cdodr pomtm hb
emtbrlmo frdkcb
Rklók Xmpm ú5=/6―
drlalcld hb ^QC
cdk rdscm ú5=/6―

Mhmptmhdr hb
^QC cdk rdscm
ú56―

Algur m 2.= Hbtmoob hb mccbsdrlds rbcdebkhmhds pmrm bo cdktrdo y edkltdrbd hb plbzóebtrds

surgbktbs

• Hbspuìs hb rdscmr ods mcdpobs sb prdcbhb m pbgmr culhmhdsmebktb bk om fdcm hbo

plbzóebtrd surgbktb (vbr Adtdgrmaåm 2.=) bk om pmrtb supbrldr hb om tufbråm ^QC hb
Cbhuom :> ú 5 6".
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =6 hb =7

Adtdg rmaåm 2.= Loustrm om uklók hbo slstbem hb cdktrdo hb mgum suftbrríkbm cdk bo plbzóebtrd
Cmsmgrmkhb

• Cdkstrulr bo bkcdarmhd hbo hm hmhd

hd hb cdkcrbtd cdk sdpdrtb hb cumtrd em
emhbrms
hbrms hb >.7>
e. x >.7> e. ^dstbrldrebktb
^dstbrldrebktb,, bcjmr om ebzcom hhbb cbebktd, mrbkm y mg
mgum
um jmstm om
moturm hb >.6> e. Oubgd, bspbrmr bo sbcmhd hbo cbebktd mprdxlemhmebktb 6 håms
cdk bo alk hb rbtlrmr bo bkcdarmhd (vbr Adtdgrmaåm 2.6).
2.6).

Adtdg rmaåm 2.6 Eubstrm om cdkstrucclók hbo hmhd hb cdkcrbtd

 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =3 hb =7

• Om amfrlcmcl
amfrlcmclók
ók hb om tmpm hb ebtíol
ebtíolcm
cm Cmslkg (vbr Adtdgrmaåm 2.3)
2.3),, sbgðk oms
bspbclalcmcldkbs tìcklcms hlsbýmhms pdr bo cdksuotdr hb Mepjds 6= (vbr Mkbxd M),
bs sdolcltmhm m om beprbsm LCDE S.E. S.M.C. (tboìadkds0 <:=1>81>=9 <81316=66) d
bk tdhd cmsd bk cumoqulbr dtrm beprbsm hb sdohmhurm qub beltmk amcturm.
• Bo rbqubrlelbkt
rbqubrlelbktdd hb oms jbrrmelbkt
jbrrmelbktms,
ms, emtbrlmobs y mccbsdrlds sb hbfb cddrhlkmr cdk
bo bkcmrgmhd hbo Írbm hb Odgåstlcm hb Mepjds 6=, su cdeprm pubhb sbr bk
abrrbtbråms d tlbkhms cdebrclmobs cded Sdhlemc, ^rdemrt, btc.

Adtdg rmaåm 2.3 sb dfsbrvm cmslkg ebtíolcd hb prdtbcclók hbo plbzóebtrd surgbktb
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =8 hb =7

1. VBCDEBKHMCLDKBS
• Bk gmfl
gmflkbtb
kbtb sb hbfb rbv
rbvlsmr
lsmr lkadrem
lkadremclók
clók sdfrb oms cdkhlc
cdkhlcldkbs
ldkbs gbd
gbdoóglcms,
oóglcms, vmo
vmodrbs
drbs
jlstórlcds hb klvbo hb mgum y cumoqulbr mktbcbhbktb hb pdzds d plbzóebtrds
surgbktbs bk om zdkm hb bstuhld.

• Vbcdplomr lkadremclók sdfrb om cdkstruc

cdkstrucclók
clók hb pdzds d plbzóebtrds odcmobs
hlspdklfobs, rbvlsmr om lkadremclók jlhrdgbdoóglcm (cded0 empms, lkadrebs, btc.) y
rbvlsmr rbglstrds gbdaåslcds pmrm cdeprbkhbr eb`dr oms cdkhlcldk
cdkhlcldkbs
bs hbo sufsubod.

• Hurmktb bo mvmkcb hb om pbradrmcló

pbradrmclók,
k, rbglstrmr om prdaukhlhmh hbo klvbo hb mgum
lktbrcbptmhm, y rbmolzmr ebhlcldkbs hb cmuhmobs jmstm alkmolzmr om prdaukhlhmh hb
pbradrmclók prdgrmemhm,
prdgrmemhm, m lktbrvmods hb 2 e.

• Om sdfrmktb hbo tufd hb ^QC bk om fdcm hbo sdkhbd hbfb cdkslhbrmr oms hlebksldkbs
hbo tufd hb prdtbcclók (cmslkg) y ods bqulpds y mccbsdrlds qub sbrík lkstmomhds
hbktrd hbo elsed.

• Xbkbr prbsbktb om ìpdcm bk om cumo sb bstí lkstmomkhd bo plbzóebtrd, hmhd qub pubhb
tbkbr ukm vmrlmclók slgklalcmktb bk oms prbsldkbs y cmuhmobs rbglstrmhds bk ìpdcm
sbcm y jðebhm.

• Mktbs hb gbstldkmr om cdkstruccl

cdkstrucclók
ók hbo cmslkg ebtíolcd y bo bqulpmelbktd sb hbfb
cddrhlkmr cdk bo @bab hbo ^rdybctd pmrm tbkbr comrd qulìk msueb ods cdstds.
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =2 hb =7

7. VBABV
VBABVBKCLMS
BKCLMS FLF
FLFOLDGVMALCMS
OLDGVMALCMS
Custdhld B. y Oomems E. V. (=<71). Jlhrdodgåm suftbrríkbm. =X y 6X0 =-6.32<. Bh. Debgm.

Fmrcbodkm.
Emstbr hb om Aukhmclók Cbktrd Lktbrkmcldkmo hb Jlhrdgbdodgåm Suftbrríkbm (ACLJS).
Fmrcbodkm.

Ouls Gdkzmobs hb Qmoob`d (6>>6). Lkgbklbråm Gbdoóglcm. ^íg.728. ^bmrsdk Bhucmclók.

Emhrlh.

Edkltdrbd hb Omhbrms cdk alkbs hb Bvmoumclók y Mobrtmelbktd (6>>6). Cbktrd Kmcldkmo hb

Hbsmstrbs. (CBKM^VBH). Eìxlcd.

jttp0//eucjli.cde/plbzdebtrd-hb-cub
jttp0//eucjli.cde/plbzdebtrd-hb-cubrhm-vlfrmk
rhm-vlfrmktb.
tb.

jttps0//lkgbklbrlmgcb.wdrhprbs
jttps0//lkgbklbrlmgcb.wdrhprbss.cde/6>=:/>7/=6/
s.cde/6>=:/>7/=6/tlpds-hb-plbzd
tlpds-hb-plbzdebtrds.
ebtrds.

jttps0//lrpchk.euotlscrbbksltb.cde/>>
jttps0//lrpchk.euotlscrbbksltb.cde/>>m322<b/HBS
m322<b/HBSIXD^/pha/lemgb26>
IXD^/pha/lemgb26>1.pha4l522=6
1.pha4l522=6>:.pha&ak
>:.pha&ak
jttp0//hbsmstrbs.usmc.bhu.gt/hdcuebk
jttp0//hbsmstrbs.usmc.bhu.gt/hdcuebktds/hdcgt/pha/spm
tds/hdcgt/pha/spm/hdc>=>=/hdc>
/hdc>=>=/hdc>=>=-pmrtb>3.ph
=>=-pmrtb>3.pha.
a.

www.gbdidk .cde ‰ cdktbkt ‰ emkumos ‰ 82>>TEmkumoThbTLkstru

82>>TEmkumoThbTLkstruccldkbs
ccldkbs.
 GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0 >
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB
LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =1 hb =7

:. MKBZDS
Mk bxd M 0 Hlsbýd hb Cmslkg Ebtíolcd pmrm ^lbzóebtrds Surgbktbs

GRÅM XÌCKLCM ^MVM Qbrslók 0>

LKSXVREBKXMCLÓK HB Abcjm 0 66->=-=<
^LBPÓEBXVDS SRVGBKXBS
Mepjds 6= Cdksuotlkg ^brð S.M.C. ^íglkm =7 hb =7

Mk bxd F0 Bqulpmelbktd pmrm ^lbzóebtrds Surgbktbs