Simplified Base Shear and Non-Building

Structures (NSCP 205)

CE 305 – Principles of Earthquake Engineering

Engr. Dustin Glenn Cuevas

Assistant Program Chair
Civil Engineering Department
WEEKLY ACTIVITIES

• Tuesday (Oct 25) – Quiz 4 & Midterm

• Thursday (October 27) - Module 5 & Module 6 (Recordings will be
uploaded) – no need to come onsite
• After the midterms: Recordings for Module 5 & 6 will be uploaded
• Saturday (October 29) - Quiz 5 & Quiz 6 (online)
• Thursday (November 3) – Final Exam
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

• Differentiate simplified static procedure from the general procedure in

calculating the seismic base shear
• Apply the principles of earthquake engineering and code provisions
from National Structural Code of the Philippines 2015 (NSCP 2015) in
computing for the seismic base shear;
• Describe behavior of a non-building structure
• Determine the seismic base shear for a non-building structure.
RECAP – BASE SHEAR
1 • OCCUPANCY CATEGORY (Table 103-1)

2 • IMPORTANCE FACTORS (Table 208-1)

3 • SOIL PROFILE TYPES (Table 208-2)

4 • SEISMIC ZONE FACTORS (Table 208-2)

5 • NEAR SOURCE FACTORS (Tables 208-4 and 5)

6 • SEISMIC COEFFICIENTS (Table 208-7)

7 • RESPONSE MODIFICATION FACTOR (Table 208-11 A,B,C)

8 • STRUCTURE PERIOD (Section 205.2.2)

9 • CALCULATE BASE SHEAR (Equations 208-8 to 208-11)

10 • VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF LATERAL FORCES

RECAP - VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION
SIMPLIFIED STATIC PROCEDURE
NSCP PROVISIONS
NSCP PROVISIONS
SIMPLIFIED BASE SHEAR - PROCEDURE
1 • OCCUPANCY CATEGORY (Table 103-1)

2 • IMPORTANCE FACTORS (Table 208-1)

3 • SOIL PROFILE TYPES (Table 208-2)

4 • SEISMIC ZONE FACTORS (Table 208-2)

5 • NEAR SOURCE FACTORS (Tables 208-4)

6 • SEISMIC COEFFICIENTS (Table 208-7)

7 • RESPONSE MODIFICATION FACTOR (Table 208-11 A,B,C)

8 • CALCULATE BASE SHEAR (Equations 208-5)

9 • VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF LATERAL FORCES

EXAMPLE PROBLEM

A 2-storey residence situated in

F.S Dizon Road, Garcia Heights,
Davao City is constructed with
masonry bearing wall system. The
floor area of the house is 9m by
7m. The dead weight at the 2nd
floor is 3.5 kPa, and for the roof
level, the weight is 2.5 kPa. The
nearest fault line is expected to
generate a Mw 6.5 earthquake.
Determine the simplified base
shear and the distribution of
lateral load per level.
SOLUTION #1
1 • OCCUPANCY CATEGORY (Table 103-1) 2 • IMPORTANCE FACTORS (Table 208-1)

INFORMATION:
2-storey Residence
SOLUTION #1
3 • SOIL PROFILE TYPES (Table 208-2)

INFORMATION: Undetermined Soil Profile

SOLUTION #1
4 • SEISMIC ZONE FACTORS (Table 208-2) 5 • NEAR SOURCE FACTORS (Tables 208-4 and 5)

INFORMATION:
Davao City, Mw 6.5
Distance to nearest
fault line: 5.9 km
SOLUTION #1
6 • SEISMIC COEFFICIENTS (Table 208-7)
SOLUTION #1
7 • RESPONSE MODIFICATION FACTOR (Table 208-11 A,B,C)
SOLUTION #1
8 • CALCULATE BASE SHEAR (Equation 208-5)
SOLUTION #1
9 • VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION (Equation 208-5)
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES
• Includes all self-supporting structures other than building that carry
gravity loads and resist the effects of earthquakes
• Reduction in elements may possibly contribute towards lessened
damping capacity and lower redundancy for the structure.
• Partitions and cladding add damping to a structure

• Different dynamic response may be observed in these structures due

to their components.
• Ex. Fluid slosh inside water tanks

• Two treatments can be given to these structures:

• Similar to buildings
• Not similar to buildings
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES (ASCE 7)
SIMILAR TO BUILDINGS
• Towers for water tanks and other vessels (not integral with tank)
• Pipe racks
• Steel storage racks
• Electric power generating facilities

Lateral force procedures for non-building structures with structural systems similar
to buildings (Table 208-11) shall use the static procedure.
• There is an exception for non-building structures. Intermediate moment-resisting
frames (IMRF) may be used in Seismic Zone 4 in Occupancy Categories III and IV if:
• the structure is less than 15m height
• the value R used in reducing calculated member forces and moments does not exceed 2.8
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES (ASCE 7)
NOT SIMILAR TO BUILDINGS
• Earth-retaining structures (retaining walls)
• Chimneys and stacks
• Amusement structures
• Silos, bins, and hoppers
• Telecommunication towers
• Trussed towers
• Wind turbines
• Ground supported tanks and vessels
• Billboards
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES (ASCE 7)
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES (ASCE 7)
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES (ASCE 7)
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES
Since the dynamic response of a non-building structure differs from a
typical building, the response modification factor also changes
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES
NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #2
A non-building structure with a concrete
intermediate moment-resisting frame (IMRF)
supports some rigid aggregate storage bins.
Weights W1 and W2 include the maximum
normal operating weights of the storage bins
and contents as well as the tributary frame
weight. The following information is given:
• Structure located in Zone 4
• Importance Factor = 1.0
• Soil Profile Type B
• Seismic Source Type B
• Distance to Seismic Source = 1.8km
• T = 1.3s
Find the design base shear of the structure and
• R = 2.80
the bin at the 2nd floor
SOLUTION #2
The structure is similar to a building. Why?
• The storage bins are being carried by an intermediate moment resisting frame
• Therefore, we follow the static procedure

•Structure located in Zone 4

•Importance Factor = 1.0
•Soil Profile Type B
•Seismic Source Type B
•Distance to Seismic Source = 1.8km
SOLUTION #2
•Structure located in Zone 4
•Importance Factor = 1.0
•Soil Profile Type B
•Seismic Source Type B
•Distance to Seismic Source = 1.8km
SOLUTION #2
General Upper Bound

Lower Bounds
SOLUTION #2b
General
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #3
A water tank is rigidly bolted to a foundation
at grade. The weight of the tank when full is
444,820 N. This tank is placed in an
industrial zone in Ilocos Norte as a reserve
for fire protection. The proximity of the
structure to the seismic source type B is
estimated to be at 10km. R = 2.2
• Assuming the fundamental period of the
tank is 0.04s, what is the lateral force?
• If the fundamental period of the tank is
0.12s instead, what is the lateral force?
SOLUTION #3

INFORMATION:
Tank for fire protection
SOLUTION #3
• Soil Profile Type B
• Seismic Source Type B
• Distance to Seismic Source = 10 km
SOLUTION #3a
SOLUTION #3b
General Upper Bound

Lower Bounds
KEY TAKEAWAYS

• Simplified base shear can be applied for light-framed structures under

3 storeys, and other structures less than 2 storeys in height
• Vertical distribution of lateral load for simplified method is reliant only
on individual floor weights
• Non-building structures respond differently to earthquakes compared
to typical buildings due to the absence of elements which contribute
to the damping and bracing of the structure.
• Non-building structures behaving like buildings will still follow the
usual static procedure.
• Non-building structures not behaving like buildings will be checked for
their rigidity before determining their respective base shears.
REFERENCES
• ASCE (2016). Minimum design loads and associated criteria for buildings
and other structures : ASCE/SEI 7-16. American Society of Civil Engineers.
• Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines. (2016). National
Structural Code of the Philippines 2015 Volume 1: Buildings, Towers, and
Other Vertical Structures (7th ed.). Quezon City, Philippines: Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines
• Sprague Jr., H. (n.d.). Nonbuilding Structure Design. NEHRP.
http://richardson.eng.ua.edu/Former_Courses/Wind_and_Seismic_fa08/No
tes/FEMA/Ch_12_Nonbuilding_Structure_Design.pdf
• University of Memphis. (n.d.). Nonbuilding Structures.
http://www.ce.memphis.edu/7119/PDFs/FEAM_Notes/Topic15-8-
NonbuildingSystemsHandouts.pdf
• Soules, J. (2017). Seismic Design of Nonbuilding Structures. Structure
Magazine. https://www.structuremag.org/?p=11265