Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss

91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

D cd`ijy dfldir
4

Jistlkika Rdrt 4

• Ik Jistlkika Rdrt 4, yhu jistlk th plhpjl tdjeika ik liamt

nifllrlkt situdtihks, wmigm `dy fl litmlr ghkvlrsdtihks
fltwllk plhpjl, hr oust hkl plrshk spldeika.
• Yhu dkswlr hkl qulstihk chr ldgm situdtihk fy
gmhhsika D, F hr G.
• ^mis pdrt tlsts yhur dfijity th uknlrstdkn
d vdrilty hc tmikas, ikgjunika tml alklrdj
inld flika lxprlssln, d nltdij, d rldshk
hr d purphsl.

4 Qhre ik pdirs. Yhu wijj mldr plhpjl tdjeika ik liamt

nifllrlkt situdtihks. Flchrl yhu jistlk, rldn qulstihks
4‗= dkn uknlrjikl tml `dik inlds ik ldgm. ^ml fflrst hkl
mds fllk nhkl chr yhu.
4 Yhu mldr d wh`dk tdjeika th mlr frhtmlr dfhut dk hjn
cd`ijy pmhth. Qmdt is sml nhika8
D `deika cuk hc mis cdsmihk slksl
F lxpjdikika mhw djiel tmly drl
G gh`pjdikika dfhut mis phsl

6 Yhu mldr d `dk tdjeika th d wh`dk dfhut

dfhut tml sdjl hc
Wtdrtika hfl mis cd`ijy mh`l. Qmdt upslts mi` dfhut mis pdrlkts’
nlgisihk8
Qhre ik pdirs. Nisguss tml qulstihks. D jldvika flmikn d pilgl hc cd`ijy misthry
• Qmdt dsplgts hc cd`ijy jicl nhls ldgm hc tml pmhths smhw8 F mdvika th fflkn d klw mhusl
• Qmdt `iamt
`iamt tml plhpjl ik tml pigturls fl sdyika hr tmikeika8
tmikeika8 G flika cdr dwdy crh` mis crilkns
• Mhw drl ldgm hc tmlsl dsplgts hc cd`ijy jicl i`phrtdkt8 7 Yhu mldr d wh`dk tdjeika dfhut
dfhut mlr gmijnmhhn.
gmijnmhhn.
• Mhw i`phrtdkt is it chr cd`ijils
cd`ijils th splkn ti`l thaltmlr8 ^ml wh`dk rl`l`flrs mlr flnti`l rhutikl ds
Qmy8 D grdzy.

• I`daikl d pmhth
pmhth hc yhur hwk cd`ijy jicl dkn nlsgrifl it th
yhur pdrtklr. F irritdtika.
G tirika.

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
> Yhu mldr d wh`dk tdjeika dfhut mlr lxplrilkgl hc
Shgdfujdry
whreika crh` mh`l. Mhw nhls sml cllj dfhut it8
D ghkglrkln dfhut kht sllika mlr ghjjldauls Rmrdsdj vlrfs
F pjldsln thth fl splknika jlss
jlss `hkly hk trdvlj
4 Vldn tml lxtrdgts crh` Jistlkika
G surprisln tmdt sml’s flgh`l `hrl ligilkt miamjiamtln pmrdsdj vlrfs (4‗3) thRdrt
tmlir4nlfflkitihks
dkn `dtgm(d‗c).
tml
< Yhu mldr d ohurkdjist tdjeika dfhut dk drtigjl ml mds
writtlk hk cd`ijy jicl. Qmdt phikt is ml `deika dfhut 4 It’s hkjy d hkl-mhur nrivl th tml gity, fut it nhls `del it
trigeilr th mdka hut witm mlr crilkns wmh jivl tmlrl.
tml drtigjl8
6 Tuitl d clw plhpjl mdvl aht ik thugm th sdy mhw mljpcuj
D It is fdsln hk mis hwk lxplrilkgls.
tmly chukn it, wmigm is wmdt I wds ghuktika hk, rldjjy …
F Rlhpjl’s rldgtihk th it surprisln mi`.
mi`.
7 ^mly'vl gduamt `l hfl audrn d clw ti`ls, sh khw I mdvl
G Ml mhpln it whujn fl flklfflgidj th cd`ijils. th mdvl d clw lxtrd prlslkts, oust ik gdsl, th dvhin it
turkika ikth dk l`fdrrdssika situdtihk.
3 Yhu mldr d wh`dk tdjeika th mlr cdtmlr dfhut mlr klw
ohf. Qmdt nhls tml wh`dk
wh`dk cllj pjldsln dfhut8 > ^ml ndtd ml prlslktln wds sh surprisika5 I tmhuamt ml
wds `deika it up dt fflrst.
D tml pdin mhjindy djjhwdkgl
< @y ndn whujn ardf d whrk-hut chhtfdjj `dnl hc chd`
F tml lxifjl whreika mhurs
dkn pjdy witm `l ik tml tiky mdjj hc tml stdt. Ql’n gdrry
G tml whreika lkvirhk`lkt hk pjdyika chr dals!
1 Yhu mldr pdrt
pdrt hc d ghkvlrsdtihk
ghkvlrsdtihk dfhut fuyika prlslkts. 3 ^mlrl drl d clw plhpjl ik `y cd`ijy wmh tmike it’s
^ml `dk is dkkhyln flgdusl mijdrihus th sdy tmly'rl kht gh`ika, tmlk turk up chr
jukgm dkn ah? ”Wurprisl!’

F ml
D mdskth
mdsk’t’t fuy
fhuam
fhuamtt dky prlslkts chr ml
mis`dy
cd`ikht
cd`ijy
jy ylt.
ml mds prlslkts chr plhpjl sll. d rljy hk5 nlplkn hk n drrivl5 dppldr
G mis rljdtivls sh`lti`ls
sh`lti`ls surprisl mi` witm f ghktikul l splkn ti`l witm sh`lhkl
uklxplgtln ais. g flgh`l5 trdkschr` c ikvlkt5 jil
= Yhu mldr twh crilkns tdjeika dfhut d prlslktdtihk
prlslktdtihk 6 Gh`pjltl tml slktlkgls witm d pmrdsdj vlrf crh`
tmly’vl oust dttlknln. Qmdt nh tmly darll dfhut tml
prlslktlr8 Lxlrgisl 4.
D Ml wds dfjl th ellp
ellp tml dunilkgl lkadaln.
lkadaln. 4 Ik wmdt situdtihks nh gmijnrlk lxgusls8
F Ml lxpjdikln gh`pjigdtln inlds gjldrjy. 6 Nh yhu tmike pdrlkts smhujn supphrtika
G Ml nispjdyln ahhn ti`l-`dkdal`lkt seijjs. tmlir gmijnrlk fflkdkgidjjy wmlk tmly drl dnujts8 Qmy /
wmy kht8
6 Jistlk dkn gmhhsl tml flst dkswlr (D, F hr G). 7 Qmdt nh yhu usudjjy nh wmlk yhu yhur
cd`ijy hvlr tml mhjindys8
26
> Nh yhu jiel it wmlk crilkns hr cd`ijy dt
7 Qhre ik pdirs. Ghrrlgt tml `istdels ik tml qulstihkkdirl. yhur mhusl uklxplgtlnjy8 Qmy / Qmy kht8
< Dt wmdt phikts ik yhur jicl `iamt yhu
yhur cd`ijy dkn crilkns chr supphrt8
3 Mhw nh nisgussihks fltwllk crilkns sh`lti`ls
92% drau`lkts8
qulstihkkdirl 7 ^del turks th dse dkn dkswlr tml qulstihks ik
Lxlrgisl 6.
4 Yhu mdvl dky l`fdrrdssika cd`ijy pmhths8

6 Yhu lvlr `hvln mhusl witm yhur cd`ijy8

Qmdt yhur cd`ijy usln th nh th `del yhu cdjj dsjllp wmlk

7
yhu wlrl d gmijn8
Qmdt’s tml flst prlslkt yhu mdvl lvlr rlglivl crh` yhur
>
crilkns hr cd`ijy8
< ^mlrl is dkytmika yhu nh witm yhur cd`ijy lvlry wlle8

3 Nhls dkyhkl ik yhur cd`ijy d rldjjy iktlrlstika ohf8

1 Yhu usln th fflamt witm yhur sifjikas wmlk yhu wlrl gmijnrlk8

> ^del
^del turks th dse dkn dkswlr qulstihks 4‗
4‗1
1 ik Lxlrgisl 7.

D cd`ijy dfldir 9

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
Vldnika dkn \sl hc Lkajism Rdrt 3

7 Qhre ik arhups. Nisguss tml qulstihks.

• Ik Vldnika dkn \sl hc Lkajism Rdrt 3, yhu rldn 4 Qmdt whujn tml plrclgt wlnnika fl chr yhu8
d tlxt hc <22‗322 whrns witm six adps wmlrl ^mike dfhut?
slktlkgls mdvl fllk rl`hvln. • chhn
• Yhu gmhhsl hkl slktlkgl crh` d jist hc slvlk • jhgdtihk
slktlkgls (D‗A) chr ldgm adp5 tmlrl is hkl • `usig
slktlkgl yhu wijj kht klln. • ku`flr hc aulsts
• ^mis pdrt tlsts yhur dfijity th uknlrstdkn • vlkul
tml strugturl hc tml tlxt, mhw tml drau`lkt 6 Wh`l plhpjl mirl d wlnnika pjdkklr th mljp
nlvljhps dkn mhw inlds ik tml slktlkgls tml` hradkisl tmlir wlnnika. \sika tml
D‗A rlclr dkn jike th inlds ik tml tlxt. dnolgtivls ik lxlrgisls 4 dkn 6, wmdt drl tml
flst dkn whrst gmdrdgtlristigs hc d wlnnika
pjdkklr8 Qmy8
4 Qhre ik pdirs. Yhu drl ahika th rldn dk drtigjl dfhut d 7 Qmdt eikns hc tmikas gdk ah wrhka
wrhka dt d
wlnnika. Flchrl yhu rldn, writl tmlsl dnolgtivls ik tml wlnnika8
ghrrlgt ghju`k fljhw.
> Vldn tml drtigjl gdrlcujjy, iakhrika tml adps.
dkxihus fdn-tl`plrln fhssy friamt Qmdt is Whpmil’s prhfjl`8
pr hfjl`8
ghksinlrdtl nismhklst lktmusidstig
mdrn-whreika i`pdtilkt `dturl < Wix slktlkgls mdvl fllk rl`hvln crh` tml
hradkisln phjitl quilt rlslrvln rlsphksifjl drtigjl. Gmhhsl crh` tml slktlkgls (D‗A) tml
slksitivl ukrljidfjl wisl hkl wmigm fflts ldgm adp (4‗3). ^mlrl is hkl lxtrd
slktlkgl wmigm yhu nh kht klln. \knlrjikl tml
ely whrns dkn pmrdsls ik tml slktlkgls flchrl
usu
usudj
djjy
jy ph
phsi
siti
tiv
vl usu
usudj
djjy
jy kl
klad
adti
tiv
vl ghuj
ghujn
n fl li
litm
tmlr
lr
dkn dlr ldgm adp th mljp yhu. ^ml fflrst hkl mds
fllk nhkl chr yhu.
dkxihus
D I nhk’t
nhk’t tmike tmis smhujn
smhujn fl thh mdrn th
drrdkal, fut it’s ylt dkhtmlr tmika th mdvl th
ellp ik `ikn.
F Ql jhvl
jhvl hur cd`ijils nldrjy,
nldrjy, fut tmly’rl djj sh
nilrlkt ik tmlir hwk wdys tmdt tmis is prhvika
wdy mdrnlr tmdk wl’n dktigipdtln.
G Ml mds ahkl thth arldt jlkatms th lksurl ml gdk
fl tmlrl, nlspitl mhw fusy ml is witm whre.

N Rlrmdps tmdt’s wmdt wl smhujn nh,

ghksinlrika tmdt tmly’vl visitln us twigl dkn
`lt `y pdrlkts.
L ^mly’rl d jittjl rlslr
rlslrvln
vln thh, ukchrtukdtljy.
C Wd`pjika gdels, fuyika tml plrclg
plrclgtt wlnnika
nrlss, lknjlssjy sghutika vlkuls dkn fuyika
hwlrs drl djj tmikas wl wlrl kht jhheika
chrwdrn th.
6 Dnn hkl hc tml prlfflxls nis-
nis-,, i`-
i`-,, ik-
ik-,, ir-
ir-,, uk- th ldgm hc A ^mly’rl whrriln dfhut mhw ukrljidfjl dkn
tml whrns th `del hpphsitls. i``dturl tml twh hc tml` gdk fl.

ghksinlrdtl ikghksinlrdtl ghkglrkln

lktmusidstig `dturl
hradkisln phjitl
rlsphksifjl slksitivl

42

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

Mh`l | Dfhu
Dfhutt

D sldt dt tml tdfjl

Whpmil ghkclssls
ghkclssls mhw mlr wlnnika pjdkkika is kht ahika sh s`hhtmjy dctlr djj.
Lvlryhkl ekhws mhw strlsscuj dkn lxplksivl pjdkkika d wlnnika gdk fl. 4 C Wh strdiamt dctlr wl aht
lkadaln, wl i``lnidtljy darlln tmdt wl’n nh hur flst th dvhin djj hc tmlsl rinigujhus lxplksls dkn th ellp tmikas
ds strlss-crll
strlss-c rll ds phssifjl. Ql tmhuamt wl’n
wl’n nhkl d ahhn ohf hc it ds wljj. @y `u`, Vufy, mds darlln th `del tml
gdel, tml rlglptihk is ik `y pdrlkts’ adrnlk, tml nrlss wds ₪622 hkjikl dkn `y ffldkgé, Frydk, is djjlraig th sthwlrs.
Ql'rl alttika `drriln ik d rlaistry hcfflgl. ^mlk, dctlr tml rlglptihk witm hur cd`ijils, wl’rl ahika hut witm hur
crilkns ik tml lvlki ka. It ghujnk’t fl ldsilr, riamt8
ria mt8 ^ml hkl tmika
tmi ka wl gdk’t phssifjy put hcc dky
d ky jhkalr, mhwlvlr
mhwlvlr,,
is gmhhsika mhw th sldt plhpjl chr nikklr dt tml rlglptihk. Ql’vl fllk whreika hk it chr wlles, fut wl stijj gdk’t
fflaurl it hut. 6
Ql’rl rldjjy ellk th `ix tml rljdtivls flgdusl tmly’vl klvlr `lt, sllika ds mis djj jivl ik Dustrdjid. @y `u` dkn
`y stlp-ndn, Odge, drl lxtrl`ljy phjitl dkn ghksinlrdtl fut tmly’rl djsh vlry quilt, lsplgidjjy witm plhpjl tmly

nhk’t ekhw, sh tmly’rl d fit dkxihus

nhk’t dkx ihus dfhut `lltika
`lltik a Frydk’s pdrlkts, Jdwrlkgl dkn ^dkyd. 7 Wh yhu gdk sll
wmy I’` whrriln tml chur hc tml` wijj lkn up clljika quitl dwewdrn. Wtijj, wl rldjjy wdkt tml` th alt th ekhw
ldgm htmlr, dkn wmdt flttlr hpphrtukity tmdk tml wlnnika rlglptihk8
Yhu’n tmike tmdt dnnika Frydk’s frhtmlr, Crln, th tml `ix whujn mljp, wmdt witm mhw crilknjy dkn lxtrhvlrtln
ml is. Mhwlvlr,
Mhwlvlr, wmlrlvlr I sldt Crln I djsh
dj sh mdvl th sldt mis flst crilkn Wtlvl. ^mly mdvl ekhwk ldgm htmlr chr sh
jhka tmdt tmly’rl si`pjy ikslpdrdfjl. ^ml prhfjl` witm tmdt is tmdt Frydk’s pdrlkts cllj d jittjl ukldsy dfhut tml`
dttlknika thaltmlr. > Wh wl’rl ellpika hur fflkalrs grhssln tmdt tmly’rl hk tmlir flst flmdvihur!
^ml twh plhpjl wmh dfshjutljy `ust sit klxt th ldgm htmlr drl Jdurd,
Jdu rd, `y ghusik, dkn mlr `u`, Vlflggd. Jdurd’s
fllk stunyika ik tml \WD dkn Vlflggd mdsk’t sllk mlr ik tlk `hktms, sh sml’s fllk gdjjika `l lvlry wlle chr
tmrll `hktms th gmlge tmdt tmly gdk fl klxt th ldgm htmlr. <
Cikd jjy, tmlrl drl plhpjl I oust nhk’
Cikdjjy, nhk’tt ekhw wmdt th nh witm. Cirst hc d jj, tmlrl’s @dre, `y ndn, wmh’s
wmh’s hfvihusjy
vlry ellk th dttlkn. 3 ^mlk tmlrl’s Vhf, Frydk’s
Frydk’s htmlr frhtmlr wmh I rldjjy
rld jjy mdvl kh hpikihk dfhut, djtmhuam
d jtmhuam
I ekhw ml dkn Wtlvl nhk’t rldjjy alt djhka,
djhka , dkn Kljjy, `y sistlr, wmh I’`
I’` rldjjy kht ghkglrkln dfhut. Wml’s aht sugm
d fuffjy plrshkdjity sml’jj `del cdktdstig ghkvlrsdtihk wmlrlvlr wl put mlr.
^h su` up, tmis is nlfflkitljy mdrnlr tmdk it jhhes!

D cd`ijy dfldir 44

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
3 Qhre ik arhups. \sl tml ikchr`dtihk ik tml tlxt th pjdk d 6 Gh`pjltl tml slktlkgls witm tml prlslkt
sldtika drrdkal`lkt dt Whpmil’s wlnnika rlglptihk. plrclgt si`pjl hr ghktikuhus chr` hc tml vlrfs
ik frdgelts.
4 ’vl fllk
fll k visitika
I
sphelk (visit)
th `y pdrlkts yltcrilkns,
thndy. sh I mdvlk’t
6 I (dse) mi` th tiny mis rhh`
slvlrdj ti`ls.
Whpmi
hpmil Fr ydk
7 I (gjldk) tml eitgmlk, sh wmdt
whujn yhu jiel `l th nh klxt8
> @y kliamfhur (pjdy) tml vihjik
chr tml jdst tmrll mhurs dkn it’s nrivika `l `dn!
< Ghkardtujdtihks! Yhu (pdss)
tml lxd` witm rldjjy miam `dres!
3 Ql gdk’t jldvl
jldvl Dnridkkd th ruk tml smhp.
Wml (hkjy whre) mlrl chr
d clw ndys.
1 Ql (splkn) lvlry su``lr
ik Grltl sikgl I wds d gmijn, sh it’jj fl sdn ic wl
nhk’t ah tmlrl tmis yldr.
= I’` rldjjy tirln flgdusl I
(ghhe) djj ndy!
7 Lxd` gdknindtls hlk `del `istdels witm tml
prlslkt plrclgt si`pjl dkn ghktikuhus. Ghrrlgt
1 Rrlslkt yhur sldtika drrdkal`lkt th tml gjdss. Ousticy yhur hkl `istdel witm d vlrf tlksl ik ldgm hc tmlsl
gmhigls. Qmigm arhup mds gh`l up witm tml flst drrdkal`lkt8 slktlkgls. Iakhrl tml adps.
4 I wdtgmln d klw ^S slrils
Ard``dr rlglktjy. mdvl fllk wdtgmika
Rrlslkt plrclgt si`pjl dkn ghktikuhus 6 dkn I drl crilkns chr
`dky yldrs.
7 I jldrkt mhw th chr tml pdst
Rdal 436 Ard``dr rlclrlkgl
Rrlslkt plrclgt si`pjl dkn ghktikuhus `hktms.
> I klvlr `lt dkyhkl cd`hus flchrl, fut I’n rldjjy
4 Jhhe dt tml pdirs hc slktlkgls ik itdjigs dkn dkswlr tml jiel th `llt hkl ndy.
qulstihks tmdt chjjhw. < I’vl djwdys fllk wdktika th visit
.
4 d @y `u` mds darlln th `del tml gdel.
f Vlflggd mds fllk gdjjika `l lvlry wlle chr tmrll `hktms. 3 Chr d wmijl khw, I .rldn d jht dfhut
Qmigm slktlkgl (d hr f) tdjes dfhut ...
4 tml rlsujt hc dk dgtivit
dgtivity8
y8 > Gh`pjltl tml adps sh tml slktlkgls drl trul chr
6 tml jlkatm hc dk dgtivit
dgtivity8
y8 yhu, tmlk nisguss yhur dkswlrs witm d pdrtklr.
Dse chjjhw-up qulstihks.
6 d Ql’vl fllk whreika hk it chr wlles.
f I’vl `lt Frydk’s pdrlkts twigl flchrl.
Qmigm slktlkgl (d hr f) tdjes dfhut ...
4 mhw `dky ti`ls sh`ltmika mds fllk rlpldtln8
6 gmdkals hr nlvljhp`lkts wmigm drl kht fflkismln8

7 d Jdurd’s fllk stunyika ik tml \WD.

f Crln dkn Wtlvl mdvl ekhwk ldgm htmlr chr sh jhka tmdt
tmly’rl si`pjy ikslpdrdfjl.
Qmigm slktlkgl (d hr f) tdjes dfhut sh`ltmika wmigm is ...
4 tl`phrdry8
6 plr`dklkt8

46

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
Vldnika dkn \sl hc Lkajism Rdrt 6

•
^ml mhuslw
mhuslwhre
hre adp
Ik Vldnika
tlxt dknwhrns
hc 4<2‗432 \sl hcwitm
Lkajism
liamtRdrt
adps6, yhu rldn
w mlrl
wmlrl d
whrns
mdvl fllk rl`hvln. Yhu writl hkl whrn ik ldgm
adp. Yhu drl aivlk dk lxd`pjl
lxd`pj l (2).
• ^mis pdrt tlsts yhur ekhwjlnal hc ard``dr, l.a.
drtigjls (d, tml, dk), prlphsitihks (th, witm, fy, ltg.),
`hndj vlrfs (gdk, `ust, smhujn, ltg.) duxijidry
vlrfs (nh, nin, mdvl, ltg.), prhkhuks
(it, tml`, wmigm, ltg.), ghkoukgtihks (dkn,
djtmhuam , fut, ltg.), qudktiffllrs (`ugm,
clw, d jittjl, ltg.).

• ^ml whrns `ust fl spljt ghrrlgtjy.

4 Qhre ik pdirs. Yhu drl ahika th rldn dk drtigjl dfhut

mhuslwhre. Flchrl yhu rldn, `dtgm tml vlrfs
vlr fs (4‗1)
(4‗1)
th tml khuks (d‗a) th `del pmrdsls chr gh``hk
mhuslmhjn gmhrls.
4 nh
6 nust
7 alt
> mdka
< jdy/slt
3 `del
1 swllp th
K
hfhny jhhes chrwdrn (2) gjldkika
d tml flns tml mhusl. ^mdt’s
^md t’s (4) it’s dk
f tml nikklr rldny lxtrl`ljy crustrdtika tdse? yhu nh tml wdsmi ka up
g tml hhr oust (6
(6)) yhu gdk nirty tml pjdtls dadik
n tml curkiturl tml chjjhwika ndy, ik d klvlr-lknika jhhp. Qmijl
Qmi jl
l tml irhkika / tml wdsmika up tmlrl drl pjlkty hc `lk i k tml whrjn wmh gjldk tml
c tml tdfjl mhusl hk d rlaujdr fdsis dkn pjlkty hc wh`lk wmh
a tml wdsmika hut th nry nh kht, d rlglkt stuny suaalsts tmdt wh`lk
(7) dvlrdal nh 32% `hrl mhuslwhre
6 Qhre ik arhups. Nisguss tml qulstihks.
tmdk
tmd k `lk.
• Qmh nhls ldgm hc tml gmhrls ik Lxlrgisl 4 ik yhur
cd`ijy, dkn wmy8 It mds (>
(>)) drauln tmdt t ml rldshk
• Qmigm hc tml gmhrls nh yhu kht `ikn nhika8 flmikn tmis is tmdt sh`l wh`lk, nllp nhwk, (<)
Qmigm whujn yhu prlclr th dvhin8 rdtmlr nh it tml`sljvls
tml`sljvls tmdk trust
Ql djj nh hur hwk irhkika flgdusl wl'rl djj vlry fusy. tmlir pdrt
pd rtklr
klr th nh it riamt. ^mly tlkn th sll tml stdtl
@y stdt`d
stdt`dtl
tl alts
alts tml nikkl
nikklrr rldny
rldny flgd
flgdusl
usl ml sdys
sdys hc tml mhusl (3) dk i knigdtihk hc tmlir
it mljps mi` rljdx. hwk vdjul, wmlrlds sh`l `lk nh kht. Wh smhujn d
7 Vldn tml drtigjl quigejy. Qmdt nhls tml whrn adp ik pdrtklr (1) `dnl th whre mdrnlr th
tml mldnjikl rlclr th8 dgmilvl tmlir sphusl’s stdkndrns8 ^ml shjutihk ik
tmlsl gdsls
gd sls ghujn fl oust
ous t th dgglpt `lss,
> Chr qulstihks 4‗=, rldn tml tlxt dkn tmike hc tml (=) , sh`l suaalst, whujn jldn th us
whrn wmigm flst fflts ldgm adp. \sl hkjy hkl whrn ik mdvika `hrl ti`l th rljdx. Fut nhls dkyhkl rldjjy kht
ldgm adp. ^mlrl is dk lxd`pjl dt tml flaikkika (2). prlclr th jivl ik d gjldk mhusl8

D cd`ijy dfldir 47

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
< Khw gmlge hr gh`pjltl yhur dkswlrs fy usika
tmlsl gjuls. 4

4 ^mis whrn is usln th sdy wmy

wmy sh`ltmika mdpplks.

6 Oust (tmdt) `ldks ik hrnlr th.

7 ^mis prlphsitihk is usln flchrl tml whrn dvlrdal,
fut djsh witm purphsl, ti`l dkn chht.
> It mds drauln `ldks sh`l plhpjl
mdvl drauln
< rdtmlr `ldks prlclr.
3 ^mis prlphsitihk is usln witm sll th `ldk fljilvl it is.
Htmlr vlrfs chjjhwln fy tmis prlphsitihk witm d si`ijdr
`ldkika drl ghksinlr dkn rladrn.
1 ^mis whrn is kllnln th `del tml vlrf chr` pdssivl.
= ^mis rljdtivl prhkhuk is usln th jike tml twh
gjdusls thaltmlr.

3 Qhre ik pdirs. Nh yhu tmike tmdt dgglptika `lss is tml

flst shjutihk, ds tml drtigjl suaalsts8 Qhujn yhu fl
dfjl th nh tmis8

Shgdfujdry 6 Lxd` gdknindtls hlk ghkcusl `del dkn nh nh.. Gh`pjltl tml
slktlkgls witm tml ghrrlgt chr` hc `del hr nh
nh..
Ghjjhgdtihks witm `del dkn nh
4 I d jht `hrl mhuslwhre tmdk dkyhkl ljsl ik
`y cd`ijy.
4 Nlginl wmltmlr tml whrns dkn pmrdsls ghjjhgdtl
6 I djwdys `y hwk fln ik tml `hrkika, fut
witm `del hr nh
nh.. Qritl @ ((`del
`del)) hr N ((nh).
nh). I nhk’t dky gjldkika.
dk dgtivity 7 Ml mdn th d pmhkl gdjj ik hrnlr th
dk dpphikt`lkt tml drrdkal`lkts.
dk drrdkal`lkt > Lsslktidj gmdkals smhujn fl sh tmdt wl dvhin
tml fln tml sd`l `istdel ik tml cuturl.
fusiklss < Rlhpjl wmh jdkaudal ghursls tlkn th
d gmdkal d jht hc crilkns dt tml sd`l ti`l.
d gmhigl 3 ^mis wllelkn, ds wljj ds tml smhppika, I’`
tml gjldkika mhpika th sh`l hutnhhr dgtivitils.
d ghursl
7 Qhre ik pdirs. Ldgm gmhhsl fflvl whrns/pmrdsls crh` tml tdfjl
d nlgisihk
dk lhrt ik Lxlrgisl 4 dkn tmike dfhut wmlk yhu nin hr `dnl ldgm hc
tmlsl tmikas. ^mlk tdel turks th tljj yhur pdrtklr dfhut tml`.
dk lxgusl
(dk) lxlrgisl I mdn th `del d gmhigl fltwllk ahika dwdy witm `y cd`ijy hr nhika
d cdvhur d jdkaudal ghursl nurika tml su``lr. Djtmhuam it wds d nicgujt
crilkns gmhigl th `del, I lknln up nhika tml jdkaudal ghursl.
mh`lwhre
mhuslwhre
Wpldeika Rdrt 4
dk i`prlssihk
d ohf
Rdal 62>
62> Wpldeika fdke
d `istdel Wpldeika Rdrt 4
`hkly
d khisl
d pmhkl gdjj • Ik Wpldeika Rdrt 4, tml lxd`iklr dses yhu qulstihks dfhut
d pjdk yhursljc. ^mlsl `dy ikgjunl qulstihks dfhut yhur jicl, yhur
prharlss whre hr stunils, yhur pjdks chr tml cuturl, yhur cd`ijy, yhur
d prh`isl iktlrlsts, ltg.

tml smhppika • ^mis pdrt is iktlknln th frlde tml igl dkn tlsts
(d) sphrt yhur dfijity th iktlrdgt witm tml lxd`iklr dkn usl
whre alklrdj shgidj jdkaudal.
4>

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

6 7

4 Jhhe dt tmlsl twh qulstihks, wmigm tml lxd`iklr `dy

dse yhu ik Wpldeika Rdrt 4.
d Qmlrl drl yhu crh`8
f Qmdt nh yhu jiel
jiel dfhut tml pjdgl wmlrl yhu jivl8
4 Qmigm qulstihk dses yhu th aivl yhur plrshkdj
hpikihk8 Qmigm dses yhu chr plrshkdj
plrs hkdj ikchr`dtihk8
6 Qmigm qulstihk kllns hkjy d cdirjy smhrt dkswlr8
Qmigm qulstihk kllns d jhkalr dkswlr8
> Qmigm hc tml pmrdsls (d‗j) gdk yhu usl witm tmlsl
6 Jistlk th twh lxd` gdknindtls, Irlkl dkn Rltlr,
slktlkgl hplkikas8 Ik sh`l gdsls, fhtm drl ghrrlgt.
27
dkswlrika tml qulstihks dfhvl. Qmh nh yhu tmike aivls
tml flst dkswlrs8
dkswlr s8 Qmy8 It is … d jdral iknustridj gity
It mds …
7 Ik tml lxd`, yhu wijj alt miamlr `dres ic yhu usl d rdkal
hc dpprhpridtl vhgdfujdry. Qhre ik pdirs. Jhhe dt tml
pmhths dkn dkswlr tml qulstihks. < Rrhkukgidtihk? whrn strlss (4)

4 Qmigm hc tmlsl pmrdsls gdk yhu usl th nlsgrifl tml Ik tml Wpldeika pdplr, yhu wijj alt miamlr `dres ic
yhur prhkukgidtihk is gjldr. Ik whrns hc `hrl tmdk
pmhths8 Qmlrl nh yhu tmike ldgm pmhths wds tdelk8
hkl syjjdfjl, hkl syjjdfjl is strlssln `hrl tmdk tml
6 Qmigm hc tmlsl pmrdsls gdk yhu usl th nlsgrifl tml htmlrs. Ic yhu strlss tml wrhka syjjdfjl, tml whrn
pjdgl wmlrl yhu jivl8 flgh`ls niigujt th uknlrstdkn. Ik nigtihkdrils tml
d d jdral iknustridj gity strlssln syjjdfjl is `dreln jiel tmis? ikˍnustridj.
f d rljdxln dt`hspmlrl <.4 \knlrjikl tml strlssln syjjdfjl ik ldgm hc tmlsl
g d fusy thurist rlshrt whrns dkn pmrdsls.
n ik tml `innjl
`innjl hc sh`l jhvljy ghuktrysinl iknustridj rljdxln
l d pjldsdkt rlsinlktidj nistrigt dt`hspmlrl whknlrcuj
c dk i`phrtdkt fusiklss glktrl i`phrtdkt fusiklss
a sh`l i`prlssivl drgmitlgturl i`prlssivl misthrig
m d jht hc misthrig fuijnikas dttrdgtivl rlsinlktidj
i d jht hc dttrdgti
dttrdgtivl
vl fuijnikas
<.6 Jistlk dkn gmlge yhur dkswlrs. ^mlk whre ik pdirs
o sh`l prltty ahhn smhppika strllts
2>
dkn tdel turks th rldn tml whrns djhun.
e d fusy gity glktrl
j whknlrcuj fldgmls kldrfy

D cd`ijy dfldir 4<

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
3 Mhw gdk yhu lxtlkn yhur dkswlrs th tml twh qulstihks 4 Qhre ik pdirs. Jhhe dt tml twh i`dals fljhw dkn nisguss
fljhw8 ^mike dfhut Irlkl’s lxtlknln dkswlrs ik mhw tlgmkhjhay mds i`pdgtln cd`ijils ik rlglkt yldrs.
Lxlrgisl 6, dkn usl tml nidjhauls aivlk th mljp yhu.

Lxd`i klr? Qmlrl drl yhu crh`8

Wtunlkt? I’` crh` … It’s d … wmigm …
Lxd`i klr? Qmdt nh yhu jiel dfhut tml pjdgl wmlrl
yhu jivl8
Wtunlkt? Qljj, it’s … , sh … , fut … dkn … Djsh …

1 Qhre ik pdirs. ^del turks th dse dkn dkswlr tml

qulstihks ik Lxlrgisl 3. \sl sh`l hc tml vhgdfujdry
crh` Lxlrgisl 7.

= Vldn qulstihks 4‗=. ^mike dfhut mhw yhu gdk aivl

lxtlknln dkswlrs. ^mlk whre ik pdirs dkn tdel turks th
dse dkn dkswlr tml qulstihks.
4 Nh yhu gh`l crh` d jdral cd`ijy8
6 Qmdt nh yhu jiel dfhut flika pdrt hc d jdral/s`djj
jdral/s`djj
cd`ijy8
7 Qmh nhls tml mhuslwhre ik yhur cd`ijy8
> Qmdt tmikas nh yhu lkohy nhika
nhika witm yhur cd`ijy8
cd`ijy8
< ^ljj `l dfhut yhur crilkns.
3 Qmdt tmikas
tmikas nh yhu lkohy
lkohy nhika
nhika witm yhur crilkns8
crilkns8
1 Qmh drl `hrl i`phrtdkt
i`phrtdkt th yhu? yhur cd`ijy hr yhur
yhur
crilkns8 Qmy8
= Nh yhu mdvl si`ijdr iktlrlsts th yhur pdrlkts8

Qritika Rdrt 4

Rdal 496 Qritika fdke 6 Vldn tml writika tdse dkn uknlrjikl tml phikts yhu `ust
Dk lssdy ikgjunl ik yhur dkswlr.

Ik yhur Lkajism gjdss, yhu mdvl fllk tdjeika dfhut

• Ik Qritika Rdrt
d qulstihk 4, yhuDlr
hr thpig. writltml
dk lssdy
lssdy thpig,
ik wmigm yhu
tmlrl nisguss
drl tlgmkhjhay dkn cd`ijy jicl. Khw yhur Lkajism tldgmlr
sh`l khtls wmigm yhu `ust usl. mds dseln yhu th writl dk lssdy.
Qritl dk lssdy usika djj tml khtls dkn aivl rldshks chr
• Yhu `ust djsh ikgjunl dk inld hc yhur hwk. yhur phikt hc vilw.
• Yhu `ust writl fltwllk
flt wllk 4>2 dkn 492 whrns.
whrns.
^lgmkhjhay mds d jdraljy phsitivl i`pdgt hk cd`ijils.
• ^mis pdrt tlsts yhur dfijity th nlvljhp Nh yhu darll8
dk drau`lkt hr nisgussihk hk d thpig, Khtls
lxprlss yhur hpikihk gjldrjy dkn supphrt
Qritl dfhut?
yhur inlds witm rldshks dkn lxd`pjls.
4. Qdys hc splknika crll ti`l
6. ^djeika thaltmlr
7. (yhur hwk inld)

Qritl yhur lssdy.

43

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra

Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss
91=-4-42=-9277>-9 „ Gh`pjltl Cirst Wtunlkt's Fhhe witmhut Dkswlrs witm Rrdgtigl Lxtrd
Auy Frhhe-Mdrt , Oismdk \nnik , Jugy Rdss`hrl , Djigl Ghpljjh
Lxglrpt
@hrl Ikchr`dtihk

4
7 Qhre ik arhups. Nisguss dkn `del khtls hk yhur inlds < Gh`pjltl tmis pjdk chr Oujid’s lssdy fy `dtgmika tml
crh` Lxlrgisl 4. Nh dky rljdtl th tml fflrst twh phikts ik khtls (d‗l) th tml pdrdardpms (4‗<).
tml lssdy qulstihk8 Qmigm hkl ghujn yhu usl ds yhur Rdrdardpm 4? iktrh?
hwk inld ik tml tmirn phikt8
Rdrdardpm 6?
Rdrdardpm 7?
> Vldn Oujid’s dkswlr th tml tdse, iakhrika tml adps.
Qmigm hc mlr inlds nh yhu darll witm dkn wmigm nh yhu Rdrdardpm >?
nisdarll witm8 Rdrdardpm <? ghkgjusihk?

d `hrl kladtivl tmdk plhpjl tmike

(4))
(4 it whujn fl ldsy th sdy tmdt tml f jhka nistdkgl gh``ukigdtihk
g llgt hk sjllp
tlgmkhjhaigdj nlvljhp`lkts hc tml jdst clw nlgdnls
n qudjity hc cd`ijy ti`l mds nlgrldsln
mdvl mdn d phsitivl i`pdgt hk hur jivls, ds cdr ds nlspitl tml flklfflts
flklfflts,, i`pdgt is alklrdjjy kladtivl
l
I’` ghkglrkln, it whujn fl d `istdel th iakhrl tml
3 It is i`phrtdkt th lxprlss yhur hpikihks ik dk lssdy. Cikn
nhwksinls.
chur pmrdsls wmigm Oujid usls th iktrhnugl mlr plrshkdj
Cirst hc djj, tml ikvlktihk hc lktlrtdik`lkt nlvigls hpikihks.
mds nlfflkitljy mdn d mdr`cuj lfllgt hk tml qudjity
1 Qmlk yhu writl dk lssdy, yhu smhujn try th prlslkt
dkn qudktity hc ti`l cd`ijils splkn thaltmlr, ik
ghktrdstika phikts hc vilw. Gh`pjltl Oujid’s lssdy fy
`y hpikihk. (6
(6)) cd`ijils usln th sit writika djtmhuam
djtmhuam,, nlspitl ((tml tmdt), tmdt flika sdin
tml cdgt tmdt),
thaltmlr dctlr nikklr dkn gmdt hr pjdy, gmijnrlk khw hr wmlrlds ik ldgm hc tml adps (4‗>).
tlkn th pjdy hk tmlir gh`putlrs tml wmhjl lvlkika.
= Gh`pjltl tml slktlkgls witm djtmhuam
djtmhuam,, mhwlvlr, hk tml
(7) , tmlrl drl sh`l upsinls th tmlsl htmlr mdkn, nlspitl hr wmlrlds
wmlrlds.. Ik sh`l gdsls, `hrl
tlgmkhjhaigdj nlvljhp`lkts. Ik `y vilw, tml dfijity tmdk hkl dkswlr `dy fl phssifjl.
th vinlh gdjj hkl dkhtmlr is lxtrl`ljy mljpcuj chr jhka 4 Dnujts tlkn th whrry `hrl dfhut tmlir mldjtm,
yhuka plhpjl drl `hrl ghkglrkln
nistdkgl gh``ukigdtihk. Chr ikstdkgl, wmlk gmijnrlk
dfhut `hkly.
ah th ukivlrsity, tmly gdk ldsijy stdy ik thugm witm 6 I d` mdppy chr yhu th pjdy vinlh ad`ls,
tmlir pdrlkts. I nhk’t wdkt yhu th splkn tml wmhjl lvlkika nhika
tmdt.
Cikdjjy, ik `y vilw, tlgmkhjhay is mdvika d kladtivl 7 @y pdrlkts drl quitl strigt dfhut mhw jdtl I gdk gh`l
i`pdgt hk plhpjl’s sjllp pdlrks. Fhtm pdrlkts dkn mh`l. , tmly nh jlt `l ah hut ds hlk
ds I jiel.
gmijnrlk hctlk jhhe dt tmlir pmhkls hr tdfjlts flchrl
> `y pdrlkts gdjj `l lvlry wlle, I stijj
ahika th fln dkn tmis mds fllk smhwk th dfllgt tml `iss tml`.
qudjity hc tmlir sjllp. < Yhuka plhpjl hlk splkn `dky mhurs d wlle
lkohyika tmlir shgidj jivls, hjnlr plhpjl
(>))
(> tml cdgt tmdt nlvljhp`lkts ik drl hlk thh fusy.
tlgmkhjhay mdvl nrd`dtigdjjy ikgrldsln ik rlglkt 3 I lkohy wdtgmika ^S. , I’` kht dt djj ellk
yldrs, I fljilvl tmdt, hvlrdjj, tml i`pdgt hc tmis hk hk vinlh ad`ls.
1 tml cdgt tmdt wl jivl 6,222 e` dpdrt, wl
cd`ijils mds fllk `hstjy kladtivl.
`dkdal th tdje lvlry ndy.

9 Qritl yhur hwk dkswlr th tml writika tdse ik Lxlrgisl 6.

Flchrl yhu writl, usl tml khtls yhu `dnl ik Lxlrgisl 7
th writl d pjdk. Qritl fltwllk 4>2 dkn 492 whrns.
• \sl Oujid’s dkswlr ik Lxlrgisl > ds d `hnlj, fut
lxprlss yhur hwk inlds dkn tml inlds wmigm gd`l up
nurika yhur nisgussihk.

D cd`ijy dfldir 41

© ik tmis wlf slrvigl Gd`frinal \kivlrsity Rrlss www.gd`frinal.hra