𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 𝜀𝜀𝜀𝜀𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝜀𝜀𝜀𝜀𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ≪ √𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
COMMON OP AMP CIRCUITS
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 2𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆3
ƒ≤ 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = (1 + )( )(𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 )
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Inverting Amplifier 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Summing Amplifi er 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1
Amplifies a single signal with a negative gain. Amplifies and inverts the sum of multiple signals.
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 =− 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = −𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ( + + ⋯+ )
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Rf Rn
Vn
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
R in
Vin
Vout R2
2𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 R𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 f
3
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 =
V2
(1 + )( )(𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 )
R1 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1
V1
Vout
Non-Inverting Amplifier
Amplifies a single signal with a positive gain. 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = −𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 (
Buffer + + ⋯+ )
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = (1 + )𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 The output is equal to the input, provides a high
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 impedance input.

Vin
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Vout
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 ) 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 Vin
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 − 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 Vout
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 ) 2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 1
R1 R 2𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = (1 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 )𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Difference 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
Amplifi = (1 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 )𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 Integrator
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆er
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1
Amplifies the 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
difference = between (𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − two𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1signals.
) The output is the inverted integral of the input.
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 ) 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 ) 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡0 ) − � 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 ) 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆2 ) 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 C
Constraining Rf / R1 = Rg / R2, the equation
simplifies to:
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜R(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = −𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
Vin 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 (𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 ) Vout
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 (𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉2 − 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉1 ) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆1 1
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡0 ) − � 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
Rf Integrator 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
R1
The output is the inverted integral of the input.
V1
Vout
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)
V2 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = −𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
R2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
Rg
R

C
Vin
Vout

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