LAB EX. NO.

1: PACING

DATE: September 8, 2021

WEATHER: Sunny Day

EQUIPMENT/ ACCESSORIES: Chalk & Tape Measure (steel)

PROCEDURE:

FOR PART A

1. Prepare all the necessary equipment (e.g., ruler, measuring tape, marker or chalk).

2. Measure a horizontal line, preferably 40m-50m, on an even ground. Label it then as line AB
—

that is from point A to B.

3. Starting at point A, walk along the measured line and count the number of paces it takes to

reach point B. Number of paces can be measured either from heel to heel or from toe to
toe.

Walk normally, not too fast nor too slow.

4. Repeat procedure number 3 five times, vice versa.

5. Record the number of paces in every trial on a table and get the mean or average paces.

6. Compute for the Pace Factor (PF) by dividing the measured length of line AB with the
average

or mean number of paces.

FOR PART B

1. Extend line AB. The extended line will now be labelled as line CD. Do not measure the
length

of line CD yet and let it be unknown.

2. Starting at point C, walk along the line and count the number of paces it takes to reach
point

D. Number of paces can be measured either from heel to heel or from toe to toe. Walk

normally, not too fast nor too slow.

3. Repeat procedure number 2 five times, vice versa.

4. Record the number of paces in every trial on a table and get the mean or average paces.

5. Calculate the unknown length of line CD by multiplying the Pace Factor (PF) obtained in part

A by the mean number of paces.

6. Determine the actual length of line CD using a tape measure.

7. Compare the calculated length of line CD in procedure number 5 to the taped length in

procedure number
 6. Calculate the percent error.

DATA AND COMPUTATIONS:

A.) Computation for Pace Factor (PF)

TRIAL LINE TAPED DISTANCE NO. OF PACES PACE FACTOR

1 AB 56
2 BA 54
3 AB 40m 53 0.73
4 BA 56
5 AB 55

L: taped distance of line AB; L= 40m

n: number of trials; n=5

M: mean number of paces

S: Sum of the number of paces for all trials

PF: Pace Factor

S=56+54+53+ 56+55=274 paces

S 274
M= = =54.8 paces
n 5
L 40 m
PF= = =0.73
M 54.8 pace

B.) Determining an unknown distance using the same PF obtained from above

TRIAL LINE TAPED DISTANCE NO. OF PACES PACE FACTOR

1 CD 69
2 DC 70
3 CD 50.22 70 0.73
4 DC 72
5 CD 71

L: paced distance of line CD

Lo: taped distance of line CD

n: number of trials; n= 5

M: mean number of paces

S: Sum of the number of paces for all trials

PF: Pace Factor PF= 0.73m/pace

S=69+70+70+72+71=352 paces
 S 352
M= = =70.4 paces
n 5
L PERCENTL=PFxM
ERROR
L=0.73 ( 70.4 )=51.39 m
PF=
M L= 51.39m (paced distance of line CD)
Lo= 50.22m (taped distance of line CD

% error=| Lo−L
Lo |
x 100

% error=| |x 100=1.52 %
50.22−51.39
50.22
SKETCH:

Part A

40 m

Part B

1 pace (toe to toe)

PF=0.73 m/pace

50.22 m

THEORY & APPLICATION:

Pacing has long been considered as one the most essential things a person can learn
in surveying due to its countless practical applications. Surveyors use this method in
measuring certain distances, from one point to another, because it is reasonably feasible,
time-efficient and does not require many equipment for it to be done. It provides a quick
way of checking measurements as compared with other methods of surveying. However,
since it only involves rough estimates and the rule of thumb, the accuracy of the
measurements obtained through pacing cannot be guaranteed as high. Gaging distances in
the means of pacing is sufficiently accurate only for small-scale mapping, for locating details
and traversing with the plane table, and in reconnaissance surveys (La Putt, 2010).
Generally, pacing is used in the fields of geology, forestry, engineering and agriculture.

One application of pacing is when we plant trees in our farms and we want to
measure a distance that would make the trees equally distant from each other. In some
cases, people use pacing to approximate height of trees. Pacing is also used in estimating
dimensions of spaces with a large floor area (e.g., gymnasium, concrete school grounds,
basketball courts, etc.).