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3. Low alloy & high alloy steel: definition, application? (22/490 tài liệu 1)
- Low alloy steel (thép hợp kim có độ bền cao hơn thép carbon, lượng hợp kim trong
loại thép này ít hơn trong loại high alloy steel): Độ cứng tốt hơn, bền hơn, chống ăn
mòn kém (giữ được bản chất của thép, do ít hợp kim)
Dùng trên máy bay: High strength alloy steel_HHT (High strength steel, Heat, Treated)
Ứng dụng: Càng đáp, trục vít của flap (flap ball screw), đường ray lắp đặt trên tàu bay
(flap track)
Bonus: Độ nhạy nhiệt độ là 250 độ C (nếu lớn hơn 250 độ thì độ bền bị giảm)
- High alloy steel (Thép hợp kim cao) tức là phần trăm hợp kim nhiều hơn low alloy
steel: Loại này thì chống mài mòn, chịu nhiệt tốt, chống gỉ tốt hơn loại low alloy steel
Kí hiệu CRES (Corrosion, REsistant, Steel)
Ứng dụng: actuators, fittings, door sills, pylon-areas, anti-chafing plates in fuselage-,
empenage- and flap-areas, also wash basins
6. Aluminum alloy
- Nhôm thường, nguyên chất (80-100 MPa => kh sài cho máy bay) nhưng mà chống ăn
mòn tốt do có Al2O3 ở ngoài bảo vệ
- rèn nhôm hợp kim (độ bền tốt hơn, phù hợp cho máy bay mà lại rất nhẹ), nó có thể
được nhiệt luyện hoặc không, tùy vào vị trí, nhưng đa số là đã được nhiệt luyện
- nhôm hợp kim nguyên chất: tăng độ bền 400-600 MPa, giảm khả năng biến dạng, tùy
thuộc vào cách gia công mà tính chất có thể khác nhau, chống oxi hóa kém
=> vỏ máy bay được ghép từ 3 lớp (nhôm nguyên chất – nhôm hợp kim – nhôm nguyên
chất) để cho nó vừa bền và vừa chống gỉ tốt
-
10. Screw: right hand screw, left hand screw, coarse pitch, fine
pitch
26. Rework?
27.
The door structure is a riveted assembly of the outer skin, inner skin and inner
framework.
The door structure provides the housing for the opening, locking and
emergency mechanisms.
It also provides the housing for the door suspension, the door seal and the
upper and lower gates.
The outer skin of the door covers the structure and ensures aerodynamic
quality.
The inner skin, which has been removed in this graphic, covers the door
structure and provides additional strength.
The door structure consists of the door frame, beams, formers and intercostals.
The door frame surrounds the structure. Note that the upper and lower gates
are not part of the frame.
The beams are the main structures inside the frame.
The formers are connecting parts or attach brackets.
The intercostals provide additional rigidity.
In summary the door structure consists of a frame, which is strengthened by
beams, formers and intercostals.
The door frame houses the pressure stop fittings, the packboard brackets and
a seal.
The pressure stop fitting is on the door frame and holds the door closed when
the cabin is pressurized.
It achieves this by means of a pressure stop pin. The pressure stop fitting also
adjusts the door to its correct position by means of the pin.
The pressure stop fitting with pin mounted arround the door transmits pressure
loads to the fittings surrounding the fuselage structure.
The stop pin is adjustable to bring the door into its correct position and holds
the door flush with the fuselage when it is closed.
35. Pylon & nacelle structure: pylon box, fire wall, fan cowl, reverser
cowl, fairing?
- The nacelle is the entirety of the cover or shroud that contains the engine. The
nacelle not only streamlines the entire engine assembly, it also protects it and
contains the various devices and systems which are attached to the engine.
***Pylons
Pylons is a rigid structure used to hold the heavy aircraft engine in its place and
position under (or over, occasionally) an aircraft's wing, without interfering with
the airflow over and under the aircraft wing that is needed for lift and control
whereby it between the engine and the wing.
In some fact, this technology is a new type of aircraft pylon design for noise
control. A pylon connects the engine to the air-frame of an aircraft. This design
uses air passing through the pylon to actively disrupt the jet engine exhaust
stream after it exits the engine, disrupting and redistributing the axial and
azimuthal distributed sources of jet noise from the aircraft.
-The pylon box is composed of ribs, two upper spars, one lower spar
and two machined sidewalls. This structure is made of titanium alloy.
-Fire wall: Powerplants together with their pylons are often divided into zones by
fireproof bulkheads, usually made of stainless steel, titanium or thermoplastics. -
The fan cowl support beam extends forward of the torque box and is bolted by
a link and attach fittings to the forward end of the torque box. It supports the
fan cowl by hinge fittings and also distributes different loads through the beam
to the torque box.
The wing−to−nacelle fairings are attached to the pylon to provide a low−drag
aerodynamic profile between the engine nacelle and the wing.