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  • Digestion

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    - Digestion is the process by which large, complex food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. This involves both physical and chemical processes. - Physically, food is broken down into smaller pieces through chewing and mechanical action. Chemically, enzymes secreted by digestive glands break down food substances into simple molecules. - The major stages of digestion are chewing in the mouth, breakdown by stomach acid and enzymes, and further breakdown by enzymes in the small intestine.

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    - Digestion is the process by which large, complex food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. This involves both physical and chemical processes. - Physically, food is broken down into smaller pieces through chewing and mechanical action. Chemically, enzymes secreted by digestive glands break down food substances into simple molecules. - The major stages of digestion are chewing in the mouth, breakdown by stomach acid and enzymes, and further breakdown by enzymes in the small intestine.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2 views1 page

    Digestion

    Uploaded by

    carliehtcheung
    - Digestion is the process by which large, complex food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. This involves both physical and chemical processes. - Physically, food is broken down into smaller pieces through chewing and mechanical action. Chemically, enzymes secreted by digestive glands break down food substances into simple molecules. - The major stages of digestion are chewing in the mouth, breakdown by stomach acid and enzymes, and further breakdown by enzymes in the small intestine.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    DIGESTION

    molecules into small molecules


    -
    the breaking down large
    of

    chemical
    mechanical (physical ( molecules
    in which
    large
    and
    complex are

    which food substances broken down


    the processes
    -

    physical processes in are


    broken down into simple and smaller molecules. The
    food substances
    The food substances are
    action of digestive
    mechanically into smaller pieces. are
    changed chemically. This involves the
    but their surface is increased
    glands along the alimentary
    area
    chemically unchanged, enzymes secreted by canal.

    for the action of


    digestive enzymes.
    10 A >B C
    ↳ A A
    1
    A
    gland]
    -jMBtyraprovided
    chewing by salivary
    into maltose
    break down starch

    desophagyus &
    ①contains
    mucus to
    water to
    lubricate food for
    moisten & softens food
    swallowing
    cardiac sphincter ③ salivary amylase to break down starch to maltose
    V

    stomach-grastic juice
    -

    churning
    [PH:27 -

    pepsin
    ↳ break down
    protein into peptides
    -

    hydrochloric acid
    ① bateria other
    kills or
    germs
    ② provides optimum pHfor enzyme to react

    ③ activates pepsin to react

    the stomach wall secretes a thick layer of mucus to cover its inner surface
    ①protects the epithelium of the stomach
    against the action of protease and acid
    & lubricates the s tomach wall
    surface of

    hard food
    ↳
    protecti tfrom mechanical damage from particles

    pyloric sphincter
    acidic
    chyme

    bile I made by liver, stored in gall bladder]


    -

    duocenym-pancreatic juice [secreted by


    carried
    along
    the
    the pancres in
    pancreatic ductto the duodenum]
    -green, watery fluid
    -
    bile salt
    -

    amylase (starch -> maltose)


    willemulsification protease (protein peptictes) ->

    & acids)
    -fats -> oil droplet lipase (lipids -> glycerol fatty
    ↳ increase surface area
    for the action of lipase
    fats
    cospeedup digestion of
    -

    sodium carbonate
    hydrogen
    ↳ alkaline
    ↳o neutralization

    -bilepigments formed from haemoglobinet


    bile
    to excrete
    through
    20
    give the faces in green/brown colour

    mixed food with digestive juices by peristalsis small intestine intestinal juice [provided by wall of intestine intestinal)
    Cileum] -

    peptidases (peptides -> amino acids ( glands


    IPH:8] -

    carbohydrases
    ↳ maltase (maltose -> glucose + glucose
    sucrase (surcose ->
    glucose + fructose
    lactase (lactose -> glucose + galatose)

    food becomes watery fluid

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