Pre-Flight preparation job crafting

opportunities. A sense making study.

Qualitative Data Analysis

The study's specific aims are to:

• To what extend Pre-flight Duty Affect Pilot Performance?
• To examine the factors which Affect Airline pilot performance while on
duty.
• To recommend Strategies Adopted in Malta for Pre-flight.
• Comparison between Pre-flight and Duty Activities.

Chapter 4
Data Analysis
1: Perception and Association
Sub-Theme Code Frequency
Getting ready for Fitness and rest are Before going to flight 1
Flight. necessary before you are comfortable and
flight. easy.
No drink of alcohol
within 12 hours.
Describing your Announce Departure 2
work. time one hour and 10
minutes before.
Checking Pre- Instructions Instructions in a briefing 1
Flights and room.
Instructions. Instructions about
elements(weather and
crew-fitness reports)
Evaluation of crew
fitness to fly.
Decision for Evaluating Flight time 1
Conclusion. restriction.
 In first zone you take
fuel decision.
Route planning and Check fuel requirement 3
weathering and weather charts,airpot
details(origin,
destination)
Problems and Check MEL,DDR 1
documentation.
Activities of “pre- Getting ready for Wake up early in the 2
Flight” early morning morning.
flight. Take shower and coffee
after getting ready.
Explaining at home.
Travelling from home to
airport.
Comfortable pre- Forecast weather 2
flight Activities. conditions.
Task Opportunities
(shopping,appoitments)
Individual Differentiate work from 1
Preparation. personnel matters.
Exit from personnel
stress.
Family Conflicts Prospective effect of 1

work stress on family.

Extensive pre- External Inspection, 1
flight checks aircraft status and setup,
more time availability,
safety.
Boarding Check time for pre-flight 1
while boarding.
Gains of pre-flight Get ready from Less stress and rush. 2
home Ensure all tasks are
completed.
Duty Activities Midflight activities. Activities occurred in mid 2
flights.
Investigate Preparations.
Different environment
and scenarios in pre-flight
activities.
 Duty on Airport Activities related at the 1
airport.
Connections of personnel
stresses and duty
concerns.
Define boundaries for
personnel matters.
Data input and Speed calculation Attain automatic terminal 1
Flight schedule information service.
Adding information into
FMGS.
Air traffic control Checking for ATC 1
hindrences.
Intersection and Intersection Conditions where pre- 2
Variableness between pre-flight flight and duty activities
and duty Activities. intersect.
Commuter Pilot
situations.
Reporting time is based
on intersection in
activities(early morning
vs. afternoon).
Responsibilities of Everyday morning Children going to School. 2
family(Malta) with family. Children’s lunch.
Managing household
items.
Continues Absence of spare time. 1
Activities. Ongoing Activities with
family responsibilities.

City work for duty Committed to duty Complete your work 2

related tasks.
During duty there is no
involvement of family
responsibilities.
Difference based Effect of location. Based on location 1
on life stage and variation in regular life
location. activities(Malta vs.
Commuter location.)
Effect of life stage Effect of married life on 1
and family. daily routine.
Fatigue and rest Before duty you take 1
enough rest.
Getting ready for Access different levels of
pre-flight. fatigue.
Diversions and Before duty manage your 2
stress stress.
Office dealing, Family
and personnel issues
dealing and their effect on
performance.
Effect of Correlation between Awareness of the relation 2
performance performance and between work
mental state. performance and mental
state.
Reduce the stress that
negatively affect
performance.
Adoption of Stress management Familiar plans to manage 1
decision and stress stress.
management Maintain personnel stress
and work.
Focus and mental Starting a new Mental differentiation 1
development Section between work and
personnel life.
Concentrating on
decisions and tasks.
Avoiding personnel Avoid personnel issues 2
matters from which effect in decision
meddling making.
Training and Give Instructions to Mental preparation, 3
Guidance new pilots Balance safety,
commercial consideration
Training Train junior pilots as a 2
caption.
Maintain regular and
training flight tasks.
Aircraft preparing Aircraft extrinsic Checking the external 1
and internal damage visually, aircraft
Inspection certificates and
emergency
equipment(fire
extinguisher),presence of
circuit breakers and
breathing equipment.
Aircraft chekup and
setup.
 System and Programming computer 2
performance flights, maintain logbook,
checks. system checks.
Flight Preparation Check flight plant Configure the setting of 1
and weather flight management
conditions. system.
Check the flight pairing,
Cockpit setup tailnumber, check
paperwork.
Ensure airworthiness and
rest legality.
Clearance and Reporting and Clearance of flight plans. 1
administrative clearing.
methods
Similar job Common Functions Common tasks between 1
Responsibilities pre-flight and pre-duties.
Time limitations Less Time for Less time Spain, 2
between flights change complete your task in 25-
45 minutes, Arrived 1
hour before departure.
Crew explaining Crew explain and Assembly of operating 2
and training gathering crew, Ready before flight.
Inclusion into Part of flight duty Understanding the 1
flight duty duration importance of safe flight
duration
Unofficial Duty Define the duration 1
time between actual work and
duty hours.
Group Importance of Importance of effective 2
Environment and communication communication,
communication abilities. commander
communication skills.
Special challenges Last one and active Changes in ACMI 1
in ACMI operations. Operations, flight
schedule and dynamic
operations.
Enhance pilot Less equipment list, pilot 1
responsibilities concerns in flight
preparation and load
planning.
Legal description Legal Description Contractual and 1
Vs. Operational regulatory description of
Reality duty timing.
Difference between pre-
flight and duty activities
legally.
Operational Reality Continuous coordination 1
in office duty hours.
Effect of last minute
operation on work.
Flexibility and Adoption to work Changes in scheduled 1
adaptation patterns. operations to ACMI.
Increased adoptability
and responsibilities.
Rotations and Off-Duty and On- 10-day off work and 20 1
Work Pattern Duty Rotations days on rotation.
Travelling Manage clothes when you 1
go outside of home.
Electronic Tools Flight iPad,use of work related 1
related to work Bag(Electronic) apps
Planning within Getting for flight Check equipment and 2
rest period. flight bag, explaining
necessary tasks
Effect on rest Maintain pre-flight and 2
duration. rest duties.
Used for crew members
and consumed by pre-
flight activities.
Combination of Superimposed Time constraints 1
pre-flight and duty activities challenge, overlapping,
activities. updates in pre-flight
preparation.
2: Impact on Performance
Theme Sub-Theme Code Frequency
The Influence of Attention and Active Person 1
Pre-Flight Duty on Physical Activity
performance
Duration of cardiac Time 2
rhythm and duties.
Sleep and Rest The effect of rest 2
varies from person to
person.
Requirement of legal Update your 1
documentation documents and
system to ensure the
legal compliance.
Time handling For pre-flight duty 1
activities the
importance of time is
described by pilots.
Before flight Don’t get enough 1
performance and sleep and eat which
duties adversely affect the
flight.
Value of pre-flight Potential 1
duty consequences, safety
and operations.
Description of pre- Performance, 2
flight duty effect specific explanation.
On time Performance Get ready before and 2
during flight.
Training of safe flight Guidance provided 1
to pilots for safety.
 Accidental Different measures 1
Protections to be safe.
Positive effect of pre- Pilot gets ready in 1
flight duty on pilot every situation
before going to
flight.
Ahead of Aircraft Head of air craft so 2
you can guide other
juniors.
Cultural and Different factors that 1
Information factors affect them.
Elongate Crew and Take much rest for 1
Rest safe drive.
Effect of fatigue on Granting Fatigue Tolerating and 1
safety and admitting fatigue
performance among pilots.
Difference between The difference 2
pre-flight and in- between these
flight fatigue fatigues can be
defined.
Comparison of In- Less margin in pre- 2
flight and Pre-flight flight fatigue but it
fatigue. cannot be identify in
In-flight fatigue.
Handling and Overburden is less. 1
reporting Fatigue
Crew Coordination Strategies 1
and mitigation
Controlling and Impact on fatigue How to deal with 1
coping with fatigue fatigue before and
during a flight,
External factors such
as social
commitments.
Handling with fatigue Strategies to handle 1
during and before a fatigue.
flight
 Safety and Legal Strategies. 1
Measures.

3: Flexibility in Flight Procedures.

Theme Sub-Theme Code Frequency
Safety Precautions, Adhesiveness to SOP SOP checklist 1
Relaxation and SOP
Personnel Inputs Efforts, Struggle. 2
Explanation for Never deviate from 2
diversion from SOP. SOP.

Relaxation in SOP Warnings. 1

Adaption of Methods. 1
Procedure
Personnel Relaxation in Minimize work load. 1
priorities, work Schedules
schedule and
fatigue Personnel work Satisfaction. 1
management satisfaction.

Crew Resource Implementation of Protected from 1

Management, CRM adverse effects.
Leadership
Flight Timing, Timing Effect Proper Schedule. 1
Disintegration
Anticipated Overcome these 2
Challenges challenges

Flexibility and pre- Dispatcher Skills. 1

flight methods communication
Standardization Helps in pre-flight 2
Importance methods.

Comparison Operations. 2
between Airline and
 business jet
operation.
Working hours, Cardiac Rhythm Maintenance 1

Cardiac Rhythm Consideration

Importance of SOP Operating Accurate. 2

Flights Timing Rest and Planning Scheduled. 1

Crew Rest Rest is necessary for 1
a safe journey.

Pre-Set flight Maintain Rest. Rest. 1

Schedule
Advance Detail. Information is 1
enough to
understand.

Effect of duty on Impact 1

schedules
Work life balance Balance your 1
personnel life and
duty.

Effect of pilot Impact of pilot 1

wellbeing work. performance on his
work.

Bidding System Develop systems. 1

Effect of bidding on Impact of bidding on 1
preferences. fairness.
4: Customization and Tailoring of Job Activity
Theme Sub-Theme Code Frequency
Job Adjustments, Advantages of Benefits. 1
Advantages, Customization.
Disadvantages Fatigue and Methodology for 1
productivity. productivity.
Job Customization Effect on fatigue. 1
Effect on Work Reduce Work 1
Load Stress.
Restriction in Minimize the 1
Aviation restrictions.
Role of SOP SOP 1
Manual Vs. Methodology 1
Automation
Role based on age Age and experience 1
and experience vary from
individual to
Individual.
Management, Fatigue Company Management 1
reporting Management. strategies.
Culture. Adoption 1
Job Affect, Pilot Well Being Managing Fatigue, Impact on job, 1
Mental and Stress stress holding
Capacity, financial capability.
concerns.
Changes in performance, Pilot Change in resistance Different 1
activities. Scenarios.
Effect on Impact. 2
Performance
Adaption in Job Activity Adoption benefits. Modifications. 2
Drawback of Stress level 1
Adoption. Increased.
Flight Performance Effects. 1
Safety Margins Boundaries. 1
Standardization Standardization. 1
Affect
Operation Burden Overcome the
burden
Discretion in Assessment and Training Feedback, Improvement 1
training Improvement Comes through
feedback.
Support and Ground staff 1
Training training
Participation and Motivation Individual Acknowledgement 1
Recognition
Safety is first Safety is necessary.
priority
Job Scheduling and Discretion Minimum Reserve Fulfillment of 1
Pilot Requirements Requirements.
Trust in Airline Trust Developed 1
Quality of Life and Feedback 1
feedback
Decision Taking and Fuel Fuel. 2
discretion
Integrated System and Digital System Implementation 1
Electronic Documentation
Electronic Bad and data Workload Limited access to 1
access distribution and data people.
access.
 Confidence Building Training and Assessment 1
Evaluation
Adherence to standard Multicultural Challenges 1
procedure Consideration

Chapter 5
Conclusion:
The study on Pre-Flight Preparation Job Crafting Opportunities. A Sense makes study highlights
the technical challenges, influential factors and benefits associated with this process. It emphasis
the need to prepare yourself before going to flight. To address resource constraints to successful
implementation. The importance of engagement, feedback.

Recommendations:

• Begin with trainings to again experience and build Confidence.

• Invest in Technology: Allow Resources for implementation.
• Provide On-going Training using engaged methods.
• Stay informed about electronic advancements.
• Address skills and challenges during these two strategies.
• Always prepare yourself before going to flight, complete your homework.
• Never go with burden mind.
• Don’t Mix Work load and Personnel Life.
• Try to adopt proper SOP so you cannot face problems and adverse effect in performance.
• Manage fatigue, Stress and financial conditions.
• Develop bidding system for fairness.
• Plan your flight timing.
• Controlling and coping with fatigue.
• Legal Documentation is necessary.
• Fulfill your responsibilities of family.