PDF Manual Espaol Ui24r Compress

®
sdrod
Fuég ld` usugroj v7.7
Sjr Qjuklargbt To><^
ldsagrfglj ld www.Igk
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
ug`sòn.aji igkug`ds ld ijtjr ld nõsqudlg
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ OKBJÎGAOÑK
OKBJÎGAOÑK
OISJ^\GK\D
Sjr bgvjr, `dg gtdktgidktd dstd igkug` gktds ld utoòzgr su idsg pjr proidrg
vdz.
Dstd dquopj auip`d ajk `g Lordatovg DIA >33</13 / TD y @RL >37</14 / TD Dstd prjluatj dstç gprjnglj
`gs kjrigs ld sdfurolgl5
DK 23?43-75 >332 + G775 >33? + G75 >373 + G7>5 >377 + G>5 >371 y `gs kjrigs
DIA DK4431>5 >37> + GA5 >371 DK44731->5 >33? DK27333-1-15 >371 DK
27333-1->5 >37<
Glvdrtdkaog5 Aug`quodr ijloboagaoñk j aginoj rdgòzglj dk dstd lospjsotovj, g idkjs qud dxp`éaotgidktd gprjnglg pjr Mgrigk, sd gku`g `g
gutjrozgaoñk ld dstd lospjsotovj. D` bukaojkgiodktj ld uk lospjsotovj kj gutjrozglj dstç prjmonolj ngej `g Qdaaoñk 13> ld `g @dy ld Ajiukoagaojkds
ld 7?1< y sus ijloboagaojkds, y Qunpgrtd 7 ld `g pgrtd > ld` agpétu`j <6 ld` Añlofj ld ^dfu`gaojkds Bdldrg`ds. KJ\G5 Dstd dquopj mg solj prjnglj y
auip`d ajk `js `éiotds pgrg ukg A`gsd so lospjsotovjs lofotg`ds, sdfõk `g Sgrtd 74 ld `gs kjrigs ld `g BAA. Dstjs `éiotds dstçk losd÷gljs pgrg prjpjraojkgr ukg
prjtdaaoñk rgzjkgn`d brdktd g oktdrbdrdkaogs pdreuloaog`ds dk ukg okstg`gaoñk rdsoldkaog`. Dstd dquopj fdkdrg, utoòzg dkdrfég ld rglojbrdaudkaog y pudld rglogr y, so
kj sd okstg`g y utoòzg ld gaudrlj ajk `gs okstruaaojkds, pudld agusgr oktdrbdrdkaogs dk `gs ajiukoagaojkds ld rgloj. Qok dingrfj, kj mgy fgrgktég ld qud kj sd
prjluzagk oktdrbdrdkaogs dk ukg okstg`gaoñk pgrtoau`gr. Qo dstd dquopj agusg oktdrbdrdkaogs pdreuloaog`ds dk `g rdadpaoñk ld rgloj j td`dvosoñk, `j aug` pudld
ldtdriokgrsd gpgfçklj`j y dkadkloïklj`j, sd rdajiodklg g` usugroj qud oktdktd ajrrdfor `g oktdrbdrdkaog idlogktd ukg j içs ld `gs sofuodktds idlolgs5
* ^djrodktgr j rdunoagr `g `g gktdkg rdadptjrg

* Guidktgr `g sdpgrg
sdpgrgaoñk
aoñk dktrd d` dquopj
dquopj y d` rdadptjr
rdadptjr
* Ajkdatgr d` dquopj g ukg sgòl
sgòlg
g dk uk aorauotj lobdrdktd l
ld
d gqud` g` qud dstç ajkdatglj
ajkdatglj d` rdadptjr.
* Ajksu`td g` lostronuoljr jg uk tïakoaj ld rgloj / \R pgrg jntdkdr gyulg.
Sgrg içs ldtg``ds ld` ajktgatj5

Mgrigk Srjbdsojkg` Oka, =433 Ng`njg N`vl. K jrtmrolfd, AG ?71>? DD.TT. ajrrdj d`datrñkoaj5
sjuklargbtCmgrigk.aji
© Mgrigk Oktdrkgtojkg` Oklustrods @tl. >376 \jljs `js ldrdamjs rdsdrvgljs @gs pgrtds ld` losd÷j ld dstd prjluatj
pudldk dstgr prjtdfoljs pjr pgtdktds dk tjlj d` iuklj. Sodzg Kj. 43624=4 DD.TT., `g Tkoñk Durjpdg 43624=2,
43=4<>? DQ ^dv 7.3
Qg`vj drrjr u jiosoñk ld dkdrj ld >376
Qjuklargbt ds ukg lovosoñk ajidraog` ld Mgrigk Oktdrkgtojkg` Oklustrods @tl. @g okbjrigaoñk dk dstd igkug` dstç suedtg g aginojs sok prdvoj gvosj y kj
rdprdsdktg uk ajiprjiosj pjr pgrtd ld` vdkldljr. Qjuklargbt kj sdrç rdspjksgn`d pjr aug`quodr pïrlolg j lg÷j ldrovglj ld `g utoòzgaoñk ld `g okbjrigaoñk
j ld drrjrds ajktdkoljs dk dstd igkug`. Kokfukg pgrtd ld dstd igkug` pudld sdr rdprjluaolg, gìgadkglg dk uk sostdig ld rdaupdrgaoñk, j trgksiotolg,
dk aug`quodr bjrig j pjr aug`quodr idloj, d`datrñkoaj, d`ïatroaj, idaçkoaj, ñptoaj, quéioaj, ld bjtjajpog j frgngaoñk, pgrg aug`quodr prjpñsotj sok d`
pdriosj pjr dsarotj ld Qjuklargbt.
Mgrigk Oktdrkgtojkg` Oklustrods @oiotdl =433 Ng`njg N`vl.

Kjrtmrolfd, AG ?71>? DD.TT. mttp5//www.sjuklargbt.aji
OKBJÎGAOÑK
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ AJK\DKOLJ
AJK\DKOLJ
7.3 OK\^JLTAAOÑK G To 4.35 DLO\G^ AGKG@

7.75 Qdfurolgl 4.75 Lofo\dam
7.>5 Fgrgktég
4.>5 daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj
7.15 Dspdaoboagaojkds
4.15 daugòzgljr frçboaj
>.35 Oktrjluaaoñk 4.1.7 GBQ> - Ajidktgrojs dòiokgaoñk
>.75 Rosoñk fdkdrg` ld` sostdig 4,<5 75 Sudrtg

>.>5 Mgrlwgrd O / J y Ajktrj` 4.<.>5 Ajiprdsjr
>.15 Agkg` ld dktrglg ld dkrutgiodktj
4.45 Gux / B] dkvég
>.<5 Añij rdgòzgr `g ajkdxoñk
4.25 Gpòagaoñk ld pgramds
2.35 ajinokgk d`didktjs

1.35 AJK\^J@ LD QJB\VG^D
1.3.75 Gatugòzgaojkds y ^dquosotjs 2.75 Rdr y frupjs Iutd
1.3.>5 ^dstgn`dadr d` idza`gljr 2.>5 IJ^DID
1.75 Qjbtwgrd ld kgvdfgaoñk
1.7.75 Ajktrj` / Fdsturd ^dsuidk
1.>5 Kgvdfgaoñk ld `g tgn`dtg 6.35 @Ï]OAJ B] Dlot
1.>.75 \da`glj ld ajktrj` 6.75 ^dvdrn
1.15 Sgktg``gs \gn`dt 6.>5 ^dtgrlj
1.<5 Kgvdfgaoñk \d`ïbjkj 6.15 Ajrj

1.45 pgktg``gs ld `js td`ïbjkjs
6.<5 Dbdatjs ld `g pgktg``g
<.35 agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr

=.35 iudstrgs y QKGSQMJ\Q
<.3.75 Agkg` ld Fgzg
<.3.>5 Sgkd` `gtdrg` To ?.35 IDLOG Frgngljrg y ^dprjluatjr
<.75 Fgkgkaog ld dktrglg Sçfokg ?.3.75 ^dprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk iu`topostg
<.>5 Dktrglg Sgfd idza`g
?.3.>5 TQN ^dprjluaaoñk y Frgngaoñk
<.>.75 Dktrglg sunidkõ
<.>.>5 RAG Frupjs 73.35 GETQ\DQ
73.75 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld `g rdl
<.>.15 Igtroz
<.>.<5 Idtrjs 73.7.75 Ajkbofurgaoñk Mjtspjt
<.15 dkvéjs Gux 73.7.>5 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo
<.1.75 igstdr guxoògr 73.7.15 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld @GK

<.<5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
73.7.<5 Ajktrj` ld gaadsj
<.45 Qun Igstdr Frjup
GKD]J 375 Qjùaoñk ld prjn`digs5 kj mgy sjkolj:
<.4.75 Rostg / Qo`dkaoj Frupjs
<.25 Agkg` Igdstrj GKD]J 3>5 Qjùaoñk ld prjn`digs5 Qostdig BGW
<.2.75 Igdstrj sunidkõ AGKG@
Sgrg igyjr a`grolgl, dstg sdaaoñk utoòzg rdbdrdkaogs igkug`ds dk ùfgr ld kõidrjs ld pçfokg. Dk g`fukjs agsjs, ukg sdaaoñk ld rdbdrdkaog pudld dxtdkldrsd g vgrogs pçfokgs.
AJK\DKOLJ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 7.3 OK\^JLTAAOÑK
OK\^JLTAAOÑK G To
@js idza`gljrds ld `g sdrod To agrgatdréstoag ld ajipgtonoòlgl iu`top`gtgbjrig ajk oJQ, Gklrjol, Vokljws, Iga JQ, @okux y lospjsotovjs, y pudldk utoòzgr
mgstg 73 lospjsotovjs ld ajktrj` soiu`tçkdgidktd. Gldiçs, d` To><^ agrgatdréstoags oktdfrglgs ld prjadsgiodktj ld sd÷g`ds MGÎGK ld lnx, Lofo\dam y
@dxoajk, okaùydklj GBQ lnx >, Lofo\dam ijld`glj ld gipòboagljr, y içs. D` To><^ audktg p`dkgidktd rdag``gn`d y rdijtj ajktrj`glj prd-gipòboagljrds
ld ioarñbjkj y gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig losd÷glj pjr Qtuldr.
SÔKAOSG@DQ AG^GA\D^ÉQ\OAGQ
• \gn`dt / SA / td`ïbjkj oktdòfdktd ajktrj`glj idza`gljr lofotg`

• Oktdfrglj gktdkg
gktdkg lug` >.<F y 4F Vo-Bo
Vo-Bo y ajkdxoñk @GK
• Ajipgtonoòlgl dktrd p`gtgbjrigs ajk oJQ, Gklrjol, Vokljws, Iga JQ, @okux y lospjsotovjs
• Ttoòad uk içxoij ld 73 lospjsotovjs ld ajktrj` ( tgn`dtgs, td`ïbjkjs, jrldkgljrds)
jrldkgljrds) soiu`tçkdgidktd
• Srjadsgiodktj ld Qd÷g`ds `dfdklgrog Mgrigk lnx®, Lofotdam® y @dxoajk®

• \jtgìdktd rdag``gn`d y rdijtj ajktrj`glj prdgipòboagljrds ld ioarñbjkj
• <-ngklg ld daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj, ld pgsj g`tj Bo`td, ld pgsj ngej Bo`drr, ajiprdsjr, Ld-dssdr y pudrtg ld ruolj dk `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg
• Frçboaj ld 17 ngklgs DW, pudrtg ld ruolj y ajiprdsjr dk tjlgs `gs sgòlgs (Igstdr @ / ^ y GT] 7/> agrgatdréstoag @SB GKAL bo`trjs MSB)
• ^dg`-\oid Brdqudkay Gkg`yzdr (^\G) dk dktrglgs y sgòlgs
• < prjadsgljrds ld dbdatjs @dxoajk B] ldloaglj5 rdvdrns, ld`gys, Ajrj
• < x sunfrupjs, 2 x RAG ld, Iutd Frupjs, Rdr frupjs, y IJ^DID ajktrj`ds ld` idza`gljr
• Ijstrgr / rdaupdrgaoñk okstgktçkdg ajk ageg budrtd ld agkg` y n`jqudj ld sdfurolgl
• rdprjluaaoñk ld guloj TQN ld > agkg`ds y `g frgngaoñk y >> iu`to-postg ld frgngaoñk TQN
• 1> x 1> oktdrbgz ld guloj TQN
• Oktdfrglj ijlj ld ajkiutgaoñk ld pjtdkaog ODA ajkdxoñk ld suiokostrj
D` To><^ lospjkd ld >> dktrglgs ld ioarj / `ékdg, 73 dktrglgs x ]@^ ajinj ioa / `ékdg, 73 x ]@^ dktrglgs ld ioarñbjkj, ljs agkg`ds ld dktrglgs ld okstruidktj
Mo-U /, gsé ajij ukg dktrglg dstïrdj ld `ékdg ÂG. Tk rdprjluatjr ld idlojs TQN ld > agkg`ds sd okaùyd, euktj ajk jamj sgòlgs ]@^ Gux / dquoònrglj igtroaog`,
ljs sgòlgs ld guroau`grds augrtj ld pu`fglg ajk ajktrj` ld kovd`, gldiçs ld dstïrdj ng`gkadglj ]@^ y sgòlgs prokaopg`ds uk augrtj ld pu`fglg. rdprjluaaoñk ld
guloj ld ljs agkg`ds TQN ds ajipgton`d ajk `js bjrigtjs IS1, VGR y GOBB. \ginoïk okaùyd uk >> iu`to-postg ld frgngaoñk / rdprjluaaoñk, 1> x 1> ngeg `gtdkaog
oktdrbgz ld guloj y sgòlg lordatg ajkdxoñk ld pgktg``g MLIO.
7.35 OK\^JLTAAOÑK G To
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 7.75 QDFTÔLGL
OK\^JLTAAOÑK; QDFTÔLGL
GROQJQ LD QDFTÔLGL
Sjr su prjpog sdfurolgl y pgrg dvotgr `g okvgòlgaoñk ld `g fgrgktég

Sjr bgvjr `dg dstg sdaaojk gtdktgidktd.
Qéinj`js oipjrtgktds
prdaguaojkds
G`drtg g` usugroj ld `g prdsdkaog ld okstruaaojkds ld

bukaojkgiodktj y igktdkoiodktj (sdrvoaoj) dk `g òtdrgturg
qud gajipg÷g g` gpgrgtj.
glvdrtdkaogs
G`drtg g` usugroj ld `g prdsdkaog ld 'vj`tged 'vj`tged pdòfrjsj'

dk d` oktdrojr ld` prjluatj qud pudld sdr ld igfkotul
suboaodktd pgrg ajkstotuor uk rodsfj ld ldsagrfg d`ïatroag pgrg

`gs pdrsjkgs.
@g ukolgl ld budktd ld gòidktgaoñk oktdrkg kj ajktodkd podzgs rdpgrgn`ds usugroj. Qjòaotd d` sdrvoaoj ld uk tïakoaj ld sdrvoaoj augòboaglj, idlogktd
d` lostronuoljr sd Qjuklargbt. dxpjsoaoñk g `g rglojbrdaudkaog
Dstd dquopj auip`d ajk `js `éiotds ld dxpjsoaoñk ld rglogaoñk BAA dstgn`daoljs pgrg uk dktjrkj kj ajktrj`glj. @js usugrojs bokg`ds ldndk sdfuor `gs okstruaaojkds ld
bukaojkgiodktj dspdaéboags
dspdaéboags pgrg sgtosbgadr d` auipòiodktj ld `g dxpjsoaoñk g ^B. Dstd trgksiosjr kj ldnd sdr aj-`jagt- dl u jpdrgr dk ajkeukaoñk ajk aug`quodr jtrg
gktdkg j trgksiosjr. Kj mgy ijloboagaojkds aginojs j ijloboagaojkds kj gprjngljs dxprdsgidktd pjr `g pgrtd rdspjksgn`d ld` auipòiodktj pjlrégk gku`gr `g gutjrolgl
ld` usugroj pgrg jpdrgr d` dquopj. @g lostgkaog iékoig kdadsgrog ld lostgkaog ldsld d` idza`gljr To><^ y j aug`quodr gktdkg ds ld >3 ai.
Lda`grgaoñk ld Agkglç
Dstd lospjsotovj auip`d ajk ^QQs dxdktjs ld òadkaog ld Oklustry Agkglg. @g jpdrgaoñk dstç suedtg g `gs sofuodktds ljs ajklo- aojkds5
(7) Dstd lospjsotovj kj pudld agusgr oktdrbdrdkaogs8 y

(>) Dstd lospjsotovj ldnd gadptgr aug`quodr oktdrbdrdkaog, okaùolgs `gs oktdrbdrdkaogs qud pudlgk prjvjagr uk bukaojkgiodktj kj ldsdglj ld` lospjsotovj.
@d prïsdkt gppgrdo` dst Ajkbjrid gux AK^ l'Oklustrod Agkglg gpòagn`ds tgktj, gux dxoid gppgrdo`s ld rgloj ld `g òadkaog. Dxp`jtgaoñk ld` dst gutjrosïd
gux ldux ajkloaojkds suovgktds5 (7) ld` Gpgrgtj kd ljot pgs prjluord ld nrjuo``gfd8
(>) `'utoòsgtdur ld `'gppgrdo` tjut ljot gaadptdr nrjuo``gfd rglojï`datroqud suno, iåid so `d nrjuo``gfd dst susadpton`ds l'dk ajiprjidttrd `d
bjkatojkkdidkt.
Dstd dquopj bokg` ldnd sdr okstg`glj y jpdrglj g ukg lostgkaog iékoig ld >3 adktéidtrjs dktrd d` rglogljr y su audrpj.
Adt ïquopdidkt ldvrgot åtrd okstg``ï dt gatojkkï gvda ukd lostgkaog iékoig ld >3 adktoiítrds Dktrd `d rglogtdur dt vjtrd ajrps.
7.75 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; QDFTÔLGL
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GLRD^\DKAOGQ
• @ddr dstgs okstruaaojkds.
• Igktdkdr dstgs okstruaaojkds.
• Gtdkaoñk tjlgs `gs glvdrtdkaogs.
• Qdfuor tjlgs `gs okstruaaojkds.

• @oipogr d` gpgrgtj sñ`j ajk uk pg÷j sdaj.
• Kj mgfg okstg`d adrag ld budktds ld ag`jr, tg`ds ajij rglogljrds, ag`dktgr rdsostdkaogs, dstubgs u jtrjs gpgrgtjs (okaùydklj gipòboagljrds)
qud prjluadk ag`jr.
• Kj mgfg n`jqudgr `gs gndrturgs ld vdkto`gaoñk. Mgfg `g okstg`gaoñk ajkbjrid g `gs okstruaaojkds ld` bgnroagktd.
• Kj mgfg utoòad dstd gpgrgtj adrag ld` gfug.
• Kj mgfg gku`d d` prjpñsotj ld sdfurolgl ld` dkamubd pj`grozglj j ajk tjig ld todrrg. Tk dkamubd pj`grozglj todkd ljs a`gvoegs, ukg içs
gkamg qud `g jtrg. Tk dkamubd ld todrrg todkd ljs mjegs y ukg tdradrg a`gvoeg ld ajkdxoñk g todrrg. @g mjeg gkamg j `g tdradrg a`gvoeg sd
prjpjraojkgk pgrg su sdfurolgl. Augklj d` dkamubd suiokostrglj kj dkageg dk su tjig, ajksu`td g uk d`datroaostg pgrg rddip`gzgr `g tjig
jnsj`dtg.
• Srjtdfdr d` agn`d ld gòidktgaoñk ld sdr posglj j gp`gstglj, dspdaogìdktd dk `js dkamubds, rdadptçau`js y dk d` puktj dk
d` qud sg`d ld` gpgrgtj.
• Qj`gidktd utoòzgr lospjsotovjs / gaadsjrojs dspdaoboagljs pjr d` bgnroagktd.
• Ldsdkamubgr dstd gpgrgtj lurgktd tjridktgs d`ïatroags j augklj kj sd utoòad lurgktd `grfjs pdréjljs ld todipj.
• ^dbdror tjlgs `gs rdpgrgaojkds g` pdrsjkg` ld sdrvoaoj augòboaglj. Qd rdquodrd
r dquodrd sdrvoaoj augklj d` gpgrgtj mg solj lg÷glj ld g`fukg
igkdrg ajij augklj d` agn`d ld gòidktgaoñk j d` dkamubd dstç lg÷glj, sd mg ldrrgiglj `équolj j mgk agélj jnedtjs ldktrj ld` gpgrgtj,
d` gpgrgtj mg solj dxpudstj g `g `ùvog j `g muidlgl, kj bukaojkg kjrigìdktd, j sd mg agélj.
• Ttoòzgr sj`gidktd ajk d` agrrj, sjpjrtd, trépjld, sjpjrtd j idsg dspdaoboagljs pjr d` bgnroagktd, j vdkloljs ajk d` gpgrgtj. Augklj d` agrrj
sd utoòzg, prdaguaoñk usj augklj sd iudvd d` agrrj / ajinokgaoñk gpgrgtj pgrg dvotgr `dsojkds pjr vudàj.
• Kj budktd ld ``gigs, ajij vd`gs dkadklolgs j aofgrro``js, dta., ldndk sdr aj`jagljs dk d` gpgrgtj.
• Kj mgy podzgs qud pudlg rdpgrgr d` usugroj. Qjòaotd d` sdrvoaoj ld uk tïakoaj ld sdrvoaoj augòboaglj, idlogktd
idlogktd d` lostronuoljr sd
Qjuklargbt.
• @g tjig ld ajrrodktd ldnd dstgr okstg`glg adrag ld` dquopj y ldnd sdr bçaoìdktd gaadson`d.
• Qd rdajiodklg qud d` igktdkoiodktj y sdrvoaoj dk d` prjluatj ldndk sdr rdgòzglgs pjr Qjuklargbt j sus gfdktds
gutjrozgljs. Qjuklargbt kj pudld gadptgr kokfukg ld rdspjksgnoòlgl g`fukg pjr aug`quodr pïrlolg j lg÷j agusglj
pjr d` sdrvoaoj, igktdkoiodktj j rdpgrgaoñk pjr pdrsjkg` kj gutjrozglj.
• GLRD^\DKAOG5 S
Sgrg
grg rdluaor d` rodsfj ld okadkloj j ldsagrfg d`ïatroag, kj dxpjkfg dstd gpgrgtj g `g `ùvog j `g
muidlgl. Kj dxpjkfg d` gpgrgtj g fjtdjs j sg`poaglurgs y kj aj`jqud jnedtjs qud ajktdkfgk `équoljs, ajij
egrrjkds, sjnrd d` gpgrgtj. Kj mgy budktds ld ``gig, ajij vd`gs dkadklolgs, sjnrd d` gpgrgtj.
• @g vdkto`gaoñk kj ldnd oipdlorsd aunrodklj `gs gnd

gndrturgs
rturgs ld vdkto`gaoñk ajk jnedtjs tg`ds ajij pdroñloajs,
igktd`ds, ajrtokgs, dta j ld ijktged dk rdaoktjs ljkld gro kj pudld aorau`gr g uk kovd` gldauglj pgrg igktdkdr
d` To><^ ngej <3A j 73<B.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GLRD^\DKAOGQ
Gsdsjrgiodktj pgrg gqud``js G^ÔDQFGLJQ

Gukqud `g idsg kj diotorç kokfõk sjkolj mgstg qud ajkdatd `gs sd÷g`ds, qud todkd `g agpgaolgl ld prjluaor sjkoljs qud, augklj sd
ajktrj`g g trgvïs ld uk gipòboagljr j guroau`grds, pudld lg÷gr `g guloaoñk ajk d` todipj.
Sjr bgvjr tdkfg auolglj g` trgngegr ajk d` guloj - so dstç igkopu`gklj ajktrj`ds qud kj `j mgad
dktdkldr (qud tjljs mgadijs augklj dstgijs gprdklodklj), gsdfõrdsd ld qud sus ijkotjrds dstçk gpgfgljs. ^daudrld qud sus jéljs sjk `g mdrrgiodktg
oipjrtgktd igyjr pgrtd ld su ajidraoj, auolgr ld d``js, y qud sd dkagrfgrç ld to.
@j içs oipjrtgktd - kj tdkfg iodlj ld dxpdroidktgr pgrg ldsaunror añij aglg pgrçidtrj gbdatg g` sjkolj - dstj vg g gipògr su ardgtovolgl y
gyulg.
KJ\G5 Dstd dquopj mg solj prjnglj y auip`d ajk `js `éiotds pgrg ukg A`gsd so lospjsotovjs lofotg`ds,
lofotg`ds, sdfõk `g Sgrtd 74 ld `gs kjrigs ld
`g BAA. Dstjs `éiotds dstçk losd÷gljs pgrg prjpjraojkgr ukg prjtdaaoñk rgzjkgn`d brdktd g oktdrbdrdkaogs pdreuloaog
pdreuloaog`ds
`ds augklj d` dquopj
sd utoòzg dk uk dktjrkj ajidraog`. Dstd dquopj fdkdrg, usjs y dkdrfég ld rglojbrdaudkaog pudld orrglogr y, so kj sd okstg`g y utoòzg ld
gaudrlj ajk d` igkug` ld okstruaaojkds, pudld prjvjagr oktdrbdrdkaogs dk `gs ajiukoagaojkds ld rgloj. D` bukaojkgiodktj ld dstd
dquopj dk uk çrdg rdsoldkaog` pudld agusgr oktdrbdrdkaogs pdreuloaog`ds, dk auyj
agsj sdrç kdadsgroj qud d` usugroj ldndrç ajrrdfor `g oktdrbdrdkaog g sus prjpogs dxpdksgs.
Dstg a`gsd so gpgrgtj lofotg` auip`d ajk `js rdquosotjs ld `gs kjrigs agkglodksds pgrg dquopjs agusgktds ld oktdrbdrdkaogs.
Adt gppgrdo` kuiïroqud ld `g A`gssd

A `gssd so rdspdatd tjutds `ds dxofdkads lu ^íf`didkt sur `d pdrtrdamjs nrjuo``dur lu Agkglg.
Dstd lospjsotovj pgrg d` bukaojkgiodktj dk `g ngklg ld 4743-4>43 IMz ds sñ`j pgrg usj dk oktdrojrds pgrg rdluaor `g pjsonoòlgl ld oktdrbdrdkaog pdreuloaog` g `js sostdigs iñvo`ds
pjr sgtïòtd dk d` iosij agkg`.
@g fgkgkaog içxoig ld `g gktdkg pdriotolj pgrg dstd lospjsotovj dk `g ngklg ld 46>4-4=43 IMz auip`d ajk `js `éiotds ld pord dspdaoboagljs pgrg `g
jpdrgaoñk ld `g kj-puktj g puktj.
Dstd trgksiosjr ld rgloj (OA5 271>G-TO><ÎO]D^) mg solj gprjnglj pjr `g oklustrog ld Agkglç pgrg jpdrgr ajk `js topjs ld gktdkg sd okloagk g ajktokugaoñk
ajk `g fgkgkaog içxoig glioson`d okloaglg. Gktdkg to pjs kj okaùoljs dk dstg òstg, qud todkd ukg igyjr fgkgkaog qud `g fgkgkaog içxoig okloaglg pgrg dsd
topj, dstçk dstroatgidktd prjmonoljs pgrg su usj ajk dstd lospjsotovj.
Gktdkg utoòzglg pjr dstd prjluatj5 ( QIG->.< / 4.=F-76=-@73=II)8 poaj

ld fgkgkaog 1.6<lNo
KJ\G5 D` ding`ged, dk `g qud ``dfñ `g ajksj`g, bjrig pgrtd ld` prjluatj y ldnd ajksdrvgrsd
ajksdrvgrsd pgrg su usj buturj.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 7.>5 Fgrgktég
FG^GK\ÉG
7 Qjuklargbt ds ukg lovosoñk ajidraog` ld Mgrigk Oktdrkgtojkg` Oklustrods @tl. Dkl Tsdr idlojs `g proidrg
pdrsjkg qud pjkd d` dquopj dk bukaojkgiodktj kjrig`.
Rdkldljr ds ukg pdrsjkg qud kj sdg Qjuklargbt (so `j mgy) ld quodk ajiprñ d` usugroj bokg` ld` dquopj, audktg qud loamg pdrsjkg dstç gutjrozglg
pgrg dstd bok pjr Qjuklargbt
Q juklargbt j su lostronuoljr gardlotglj. Dquopj sofkoboag qud d` dquopj suiokostrglj ajk dstd igkug`.
> Qo dk d` p`gzj ld ljad idsds ldsld `g bdamg ld dktrdfg ld` Dquopj g` Tsugroj Bokg` ïstd budrg ldbdatujsj pjr d` sj`j mdamj ld igtdrog`ds y / j igkj ld
jnrg ldbdatujsjs mgstg d` puktj ld qud `g dboagaog y / j utoòlgl ld `js iosijs sd vd gbdatglj igtdrogìdktd `g dquopj j ajipjkdktd ldbdatujsj ldndrç
sdr ldvud`tj g` lostronuoljr jg Qjuklargbt, qudlgklj suedtjs g `gs sofuodktds ajkloaojkds, d` lostronuoljr j Qjuklargbt, rdpgrgr j rddip`gzgr `js
ajipjkdktds ldbdatujsjs. Aug`quodrg ld `js ajipjkdktds sustotuoljs pgsgrçk g sdr prjpodlgl ld Qjuklargbt.
1 ldvud`tjs aug`quodr dquopj j ajipjkdktd sdrç g rodsfj ld` usugroj bokg` iodktrgs dstç dk trçksotj (tgktj ldsld y mgaog d` Lostronuoljr j Qjuklargbt) y d` brgkqudj ldndk
sdr pgfgljs pjr gld`gktglj.
< Dstg fgrgktég sñ`j dstgrç lospjkon`d so5

g) d` dquopj sd mg okstg`glj ajrrdatgidktd, ld gaudrlj ajk `gs okstruaaojkds ajktdkolgs dk d` igkug` ld Qjuklargbt.
n) D` usugroj bokg` mg kjtoboaglj Qjuklargbt j ld` Gfdktd, ldktrj ld `js 7< légs ld` ldbdatj qud gpgrdad8 y
a) Kj mgy pdrsjkgs qud kj sdgk rdprdsdktgktds gutjrozgljs ld Qjuklargbt j d` vdkldljr mgyg dbdatuglj kokfukg sustotuaoñk ld pgrtds, geustds j
rdpgrgaojkds g` dquopj8 y
l) D` usugroj bokg` mg usglj d` dquopj õkoagidktd pgrg bokds tg`ds ajij Qjuklargbt rdajiodklg, ajk suiokostrjs ld jpdrgaoñk õkoag tg`ds ajij
dspdaoboagaojkds ld Qjuklargbt sd rdõkdk y pjr `j
` j ldiçs dk tjljs `js gspdatjs ld `gs rdajidklgaojkds ld gaudrlj Qjuklargbt.
4 @js ldbdatjs qud surfdk ajij rdsu`tglj ld `js sofuodktds kj dstçk aunodrtgs pjr dstg fgrgktég5 igkdej ldbdatujsj j kdfòfdktd, amdio
amdio ag` j d`datrj-quéioags
okbùdkaogs j d`ïatroajs, lg÷js gaaoldktg`ds, gatjs ld budrzg, d` gngkljkj, `g ldboaodkaog dk `g gòidktgaoñk d`ïatroag, gord gajkloaojkglj j `g muidlgl ajktrj`gr.
2. D` ndkdboaoj ld dstg fgrgktég kj pjlrç sdr adlolj pjr d` usugroj bokg`.
6. usugrojs bokg`ds qud sjk `js ajksuioljrds ldndk tdkdr dk audktg sus ldrdamjs dk vortul ld dstg fgrgktég sjk, gldiçs ld y kj gbdatgk g jtrjs ldrdamjs
qud `ds pulodrgk ajrrdspjkldr ajktrg d` vdkldljr ld` dquopj.
7.>5 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; Fgrgktég
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 7.15 DQSDAOBOAGAOJKDQ
QJTKLA^GB\ To DQSDAOBOAGAOJKDQ \ÉSOAJQ • Ld-Dssdr

Tinrg` ld -?3lN g 2 lN ^d`gaoñk ld
okbokotj g 75 7 Brdaudkaog > hMz g 74
• ^ds
^dspud
pudstg
stg brdaudk
brdaudktd
td hMz
>3Mz->3hMz +/- 3,4 lN
• daugòzgaoñk
@gs sgòlgs
17 ngklgs FDW, >3Mz - >3HMz + 74lN
• \ML
Dktrglg ld ioarñbjkj (fgkgkaog iékoig g nus) g 7 hMz 03,334% dktrglg ld • sgòlg
sgòlgss ld` ajiprdsjr
ajiprdsjr
ioarñbjkj (fgkgkaog Igx g nus) g 7 hMz 03,33=% Tinrg` ld -?3lN + 2 lN ld rd`gaoñk 75 7 -
435 7 ld 7 is ld gtgqud - <33 is 73 is
^d`dgsd - >333 is grrdf`j ld fgkgkaog
• ruolj -><lN - + <=lN
-?2lNu ruolj rdsolug`
Dktrglg ld ioarj->>hMz DOK>>Mz kj pjkldrglj5
• lnx ® GBQ dk tjlgs `gs sgòlgs
- 7>=lN DOK
DOK
7> ld daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj (2 boeg, 2 b`jtgktd)
• fgkgkaog ld dktrglg • @gtdkaog
Ioa / @ékdg Fgok -2lN

- 2lN g + 4=lN (prdaosoñk Sgsj ldpdkld ld` \jlj d` prjadsgiodktj ld JK pgrg dktrglgs y sgòlgs 1.>is
tgig÷j ld gtdkugljr dk FTO) • @js kovd`ds ld dktrglg y sgòlg
Dktrglg Ioa + ld dktrglg 7?.4lNu igx @okd + + >3.4lNu igx
• pjrtñk guroau`grds sgòlgs 433iV 7 ld sgòlg utoòzglj (C 7>3ί),
1=3IV gings sgòlgs utoòzg `g sgòlg 7?.4lNu igx Iox
Tinrg` -Okb g 7 is + Gtgqud 2 lN
g <33 is 4 is g >333 is Mj`l
^d`dgsd 7 is g >333 is -Okb
Srjbuklolgl g 3 lN • Oipdlgkaogs ld dktrglg y ld sgòlg
dktrglg ld ioarñbjkj 7-> <.>hί ld dktrglg 1->3 ld dktrglg
7>hί 2hί `ékdg ld g`tg oipdlgkaog ld dktrglg; 233hί sgòlgs
ng`gkadglgs 0743ί
• Aj
Ajip
iprd
rdsj
sjrr
Tinrg` ld -?3lN + 2 lN ld rd`gaoñk 75 7 - • TQN

435 7 ld 7 is ld gtgqud - <33 is 73 is Igx 433iG
^d`dgsd - >333 is grrdf`j ld fgkgkaog Ajrrodktd içxoig lospjkon`d pgrg tjljs `js pudrtjs5 ?33iG
-><lN - + <=lN
• Sjldr
Ajksuij (tépoaj) 0rgkfj ld vj`tged ld dktrglg ==->24RGA gutj
ldtdaaoñk ld <6-21 Mz brdaudkaog ld AG ld 24 vgtojs GA
• Am
Amgk
gkkd
kd`` D
DW
W
< ngklg pgrgidtroq DW
• Ajkloaojkds ld jpdrgaoñk
Aglg ngklg ld Brdaudkaog >3Mz g >>hMz
^gkfj ld tdipdrgturg 4 ³ A - <3 ³ A Muidlgl 3% -?3%
W 3,34-74 \dipdrgturg ld gìgadkgiodktj ->3 ³ A g 23 ³ A
@g fgkgkaog ld ->3 lN g +>3 lN
MSB >3 Mz g 7 hMz (pdklodktds sd`daaojkgn`d

sd`daaojkgn`ds)
s) @SB >> hMz Qg`vj drrjr u jiosoñk. Qjuklargbt rdsdrvgs d` ldrdamj ld `gs dspdaoboagaojkds y
g 7 hMz ( pdklodktds sd`daaojkgn`ds) `gs oiçfdkds j aginoj dk dstd igkug` ld ajk- sok prdvoj gvosj.
7.15 DQSDAOBOAGAOJKDQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.35 Oktrjluaaoñk
OK\^JLTAAOÑK - TKG OK\^JLTAAOÑK G DQ\D IGKTG@
Aug`quodr pdrsjkg ajk uk iékoij ld dxpdrodkaog ld guloj ldnd sdr agpgz ld jpdrgr `gs ajksj`gs Qjuklargbt Qdrod To sok `ddr ldigsoglj ld dstd
igkug`, gukqud kjsjtrjs rdajidklgijs
rdajidklgijs qud tjid d` todipj pgrg or g trgvïs ld ï`. Tk dxad`dktd ùfgr pgrg dipdzgr sdrég `g òstg ld agrgatdréstoags
dk `g pçfokg ld oktrjluaaoñk (sdaaoñk 7.3), d` Vo-Bo y d` sjbtwgrd ld pudstg g puktj ld fuég (1.7), y `gs fuégs ld ajktrj` ld sjbtwgrd pgrg d` td`ïbjkj
(1,>) y `g tgn`dtg (1.1) sjbt- idragkaég.
Sgrg dipdzgr g utoòzgr d` ajktrj` To, vgyg g `g

sdaaoñk 'Añij dstgn`dadr `g ajkdxoñk'5 >.<
SLB
Qo dstçs `dydklj `g vdrsoñk dk SLB ld` igkug`, pudld utoòzgr `g
vostg dk iokogturg y dk`gads ld `g pçfokg ld ajktdkoljs pgrg
kgvdfgr rçpolgidktd.
Sgrg igyjr a`grolgl, dstg sdaaoñk utoòzg rdbdrdkaogs igkug`ds dk ùfgr

ld kõidrjs ld pçfokg. Dk g`fukjs agsjs, ukg sdaaoñk ld rdbdrdkaog
pudld dxtdkldrsd g vgrogs pçfokgs.
>.35 IGKTG@ LD OK\^JLTAAOÑK G DQ\G

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.75 LDQAÔSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG
Oktrjluaaoñk; LDQAÔSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG
Dstg oktdrbgz ld usugroj ld `g ajksj`g Qjuklargbt utoòzg ukg ukolgl prokaopg` ajipgatg ajk ukg bukaoñk-O Q, prjadsgiodktj, y d` sdrvoljr wdn /. Iñvo`ds, tgn`dtgs y SAs pudldk
ajkdatgrsd g` sdrvoljr wdn g trgvïs ld Vo-Bo pgrg d` ajktrj` ld` sjbtwgrd ld p`gtgbjrig okldpdklodktd.
KJ\G5 Augklj d` ijutokf To><^ dk aug`quodr topj ld rdaoktj ld gsdfurgrsd ld qud todkd suboaodktd
dspgaoj pjr dkaoig, gngej y dk Ginjs@gljs ld` To><^ pgrg sovg SGQ ld rdbrofdrgaoñk ld` lospjsotovj. Dk
dktjrkjs Dxtdrid pudld kdadsotgr sdr g÷glolj g su rdaoktj uk vdkto`gljr!
>.75 LDQAÔSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.>5 MG^LVG^D O / J _ AJK\^J@
Oktrjluaaoñk; MG^LVG^D
gkbotrojkds ld` pgkd` brjktg` ld `g ukolgl prokaopg` To tjlgs `gs dktrglgs y sgòlgs ld guloj `jag`ds y trds ajktrj`ds ld kovd` prokaopg`. Dk uk
pgkd` `gtdrg` sd dkaudktrg d` ajkdatjr ld gòidktgaoñk y d` oktdrruptjr ld pjtdkaog8 dk d` jtrj sd dkaudktrg d` njtñk ^DQD\, ajkdxoñk SDLG@,
ljs pudrtjs TQN y `g ajkdxoñk Dtmdrkdt (@GK g`çinroag)).
@JQ \D@DBJKJQ
kovd` dstgn`daolj pgrg `gs sgòlgs ld guroau`grds
Dstj ajktrj`g d` kovd` f`jng` ld ukg sgòlg ld guroau`grds. ajktrj` ld vjùidk ld `js guroau`grds oklovolug`ds sd pudldk `jfrgr g trgvïs ld `g pçfokg ld
ajktrj` AJKBOFT^GAOÑK.
AJKBOFT^GAOÑK. @js vg`jrds pjr ldbdatj ld `g sd÷g` budktd ld guroau`grds g `g sd÷g` dstïrdj prokaopg`, pdrj aginog g` nus Qj`j augklj sd
sd`daaojkg GB@ j SB@.
IO] @ / IO] ^
`js kovd`ds dstgn`daoljs
dstgn`daoljs pgrg `gs sgòlgs ^ IO] @ y Iox
@g sgòlg ld `g idza`g ds d` prokaopg` ozquodrlg / sgòlg dstïrdj ldrdamj ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj y gpgrdad tgktj dk d` ]@^ y pjkd ^ JT\- idza`g ld Egah @ /.
AJINJ LD DK\^GLG
Ajkdxoñk ld 7/<’ \^Q / \Q Egah (@ékdg) j ]@^ (kovd` ioarj) d` kõidrj ld dktrglg ajrrdspjkld g` kõidrj ld
agkg` dk d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
dktrglg ]@^
Dktrglg ld ioarj ]@^
@js ajrrdspjkld kõidrj ld dktrglg pgrg d` kõidrj ld agkg` dk d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
DK @OKDG
dktrglgs ÂG ld kovd` ld `ékdg
@gs dktrglgs ÂG gòidktgk `js agkg`ds ld `ékdg @ y ld `ékdg ^ dk d` idza`gljr ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
Qgòlg ld guroau`grds
tjigs pgrg guroau`grds
Dstjs kj sjk okldpdklodktds, ds ldaor, aglg sgòlg rdaond `g iosig sd÷g`. @gs sgòlgs ld guroau`grds rdaondk `g iosig sd÷g` ld guloj ajij `gs sgòlgs
prokaopg`ds g idkjs qud uk agkg` dk sjòtgroj ds kjtg gatovg `js vj`õidkds pudldk sdr ld bjrig okldpdklodktd ajktrj`glg dk `g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk, gsé
ajij d` kovd` QJ@J.
>.>5 Mgrlwgrd O / J ld ajktrj` _

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
IO] @ / ^ JT\ST\ - ]@^
Ljiokgr sgòlgs ld `js agkg`ds ]@^
D` Igdstrj agkg` ]@^ y sgòlgs egah sjk ajkdxojkds dk pgrg`d`j (olïktoajs).
IO] @ / ^ JT\ST\ - EGAH
Ljiokgr `gs sgòlgs ld agkg` Egah
D` Igdstrj agkg` ]@^ y sgòlgs egah sjk ajkdxojkds dk pgrg`d`j (olïktoajs).
GT] / IG\Ô] QG@OLGQ
@gs sgòlgs bésoags pgrg `gs sgòlgs Gux / Igtrox
D` To><^ todkd = sgòlgs x Gux / Igtrox. sgòlgs Gux / Igtrox sd gsofkgk dk d` sjbtwgrd.
> \^H IDLOJQ - ETDFJ
Dktrglg ld TQN pgrg TQN B`gsm Lrovd ajk `js gramovjs ld rdprjluaaoñk ld guloj
> postgs @js gramovjs ld guloj sd ldndk fugrlgr dk `g idijrog TQN, yg sdg ajij IS1, GGA, VGR, Jff, .gobb j .B@GA. Rïgsd `g sdaaoñk ?.3.
Dstd ajkdatjr TQN tginoïk sd pudld utoòzgr pgrg Ijstrgr gramovjs y Qkgpmjt ld oipjrtgaoñk / dxpjrtgaoñk, y `gs gatugòzgaojkds ld sjbtwgrd. Mgy ljs pudrtjs TQN
gloaojkg`ds dk d` `glj ld `g ukolgl.
IDLOJQ - ^DA gldiçs ld vgrogs postgs ld rdprjluaaoñk y ld frgngaoñk
TQN \jig pgrg ukolgl b`gsm TQN - pgrg d` eudfj iu`topostg y frgngr guloj idza`gljr Qjuklargbt D` To><^^ rdfostrgrç `g sgòlg prokaopg` dstïrdj ld
agkg` ajij uk gramovj ld iõsoag j ukg frgngaoñk iu`topostg dk d` lospjsotovj ld gìgadkgiodktj. Ajksu`td `g fuég ld okstruaaojkds ld frgngaoñk y
rdprjluaaoñk - `g sdaaoñk ?.3.
TQN N (LGV ld ajkdxoñk)
TQN \jig pgrg `g ajkdxoñk lordatg g SA / Iga
D` idza`gljr Qjuklargbt To><^^ sd pudld utoòzgr ajij uk 1> x 1> TQN oktdrbgz ld guloj ajk ajktrj`gljrds Ajrd Guloj y GQOJ.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
SV^
Ajkdatjr ld gòidktgaoñk y ajkiutgljr
D` idza`gljr To todkd ukg ajkdxoñk ld budktd ld gòidktgaoñk ukovdrsg` ld AG OA. Ttoòad d` oktdrruptjr ld dkadklolj ajk d` njtñk ld r dokoaoj (jtrj pgkd` `gtdrg`) pgrg rdokoaogr `g
ukolgl g `g ajkbofurgaoñk pjr ldbdatj ld bçnroag, so ds kdadsgroj.
^DOKOAOG^
Oktdrruptjr pu`sgljr dipjtrglj utoòzg pgrg rdokoaogr `g ukolgl.
Sgrg rdstgn`dadr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl sñ`j, dkaodklg `g ukolgl iodktrgs igktodkd pu`sglj d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj lurgktd g` idkjs lodz Qdajkls. Sgrg uk rdstgn`daoiodktj ajip`dtj ld`
sostdig, vïgsd `g sdaaoñk 1.3.>.
OK\D^^TS\J^ LD SOD
Bjjtswtoam ajkdatjr utoòzg pgrg aginogr `gs ajkbofurgaojkds sd`daaojkglgs.
Ttoòzgr uk oktdrruptjr ld pod ajk ukg ajkdxoñk ld tjig ld uk augrtj ld pu`fglg. @g ukolgl ldtdatgrç gutjiçtoagidktd
gutjiçtoagidktd d` topj ld ajkdatjr, gukqud d` pdlg` dk sé ldnd
sdr uk topj ld kj n`jqudj. @g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk todkd ukg vgrodlgl ld bukaojkds qud sd pudldk gsofkgr.
@js ajkdatjrds TQN `gtdrg`ds 7 y >
Sudld sdr utoòzglj pgrg ajkdatgr d` tda`glj, rgtñk y pgktg``g tçato` Mgy ajkdxojkds TQN dk d` pgkd` brjktg` ld `g
ukolgl pgrg `g frgngaoñk y rdprjluaaoñk ld guloj.
Ajkdatjr MLIO
Qjpjrtg dstçklgr ld véldj MLIO
Oktdrbgz Vdn ajip`dtg idza`gljr sd vosugòzg dk `g pgktg``g MLIO. \dkfg dk audktg so sd utoòzg LRO y RFG glgptgljrds qud ldnd dstgr gatovj. ^dkloiodktj
ldpdkldrç ld jtrgs bukaojkds soiu`tçkdgs qud dstçk sodklj utoòzgljs dk d` idza`gljr. (Sjr dedip`j., Iodktrgs qud `g frgngaoñk dk TQN stoah I\H pudld vdr ukg
ldsgad`drgaoñk ld `g gatugòzgaoñk ld `g pgktg``g)
D\MD^KD\
Ajkdatjr pgrg d` usj dstçklgr ^ E<4-agn`dglj ajk agn`d Dtmdrkdt.
Tk ajkdkatojk Dtmdrkdt pjr agn`d g `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj ds d` içs sdfurj. Ajksu`td `g sdaaoñk 73.7 pgrg içs ldtg``ds sjnrd \okfs y ajkbofurgaojkds ld rdl
ajkeuktj-. Sjr ldbdatj, `g lordaaoñk OS ds 73.73.>.7.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Vo-Bo Okloagljr
Dspdatçau`js Vo-Bo dstç bukaojkgklj kjrigìdktd
D` okloagljr tginoïk iudstrg d` dstglj ld grrgkqud Vo-Bo lurgktd d` dkadklolj. Qd ldtodkd `g sdaudkaog ld ldstd``js arjkjidtrglg g` grrgkagr y lospjkon`d pgrg `gs ajkdxojkds.
ajkdxojkds. G
ajktokugaoñk, pgrpgldg ajk `g gatovolgl ld lgtjs.
Qo d` @DL kj ldeg ld pgrpgldgr VoBo qud pudld sofkoboagr d` boriwgrd kj sd dstç agrfgklj dk d` LQS. Gsdfõrdsd ld boriwgrd içs rdaodktd borid- sd agrfg dk `g ukolgl y
qud d` ajkdatjr ld gòidktgaoñk ld AA dstç gtjrko``glj ajrrdatgidktd dk.
D\MD^KD\ >
Sudrtj ld dxpgksoñk buturg
Vo-Bo ld `g gktdkg
Kdadsgroj pgrg `g ajkdxoñk ld rdl okg`çinroag - Ujkg gatovg j VoBo
Gsdfõrdsd ld qud `g gktdkg (s) dstçk borididktd

borididktd gtjrko``glj dk sus audkags y, kjrigìdktd, jrodktglj
jrodktglj vdrtoagìdktd. Sgrg jntdkdr içs okbjrigaoñk sjnrd `g
ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl okg`çinroag, ajksu`td `g sdaaoñk 73.7. @gs kgvds To><^^ ajk > gktdkg VoBo ds pgrg uk rdkloiodktj tdr wobo ND\. @g sdfuklg gktdkg dstç dk
d` `glj ldrdamj ld `g To><^.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.15 AGKG@ LD DK\^GLG LD ^T\G
Oktrjluaaoñk; AGKG@ LD DK\^GLG LD ^T\G
D` logfrgig iudstrg `g trgydatjrog ld `g sd÷g` ld guloj g trgvïs ld uk agkg` ld dktrglg - ld dktrglg bésoag ld` nus, dkvég (Gux, B], Iox, y gsé
suadsovgidktd).
\dkfg dk audktg5 D` agiokj ld `g sd÷g` dktdrg (dxadptj pgrg d` prd mgrlwgrd y d` LGA ld sgòlg) ds okbokotg ajk uk dspgaoj ònrd sok aòp. Dstj sofkoboag qud
d` rdajrtd oktdrkj kj sd oktrjluad okaùsj idlogktd d` gaaojkgiodktj ld` DW / Lyk g` içxoij. rdluaor suboaodktdidktd d` kovd` dk `g torg ld Agkg` Igdstrj vg
g ldsmgadrsd ld aug`quodr rdajrtd dk `g sgòlg.
>.15 AGKG@ LD DK\^GLG LD ^T\G

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.<5 Añij rdgòzgr `g ajkdxoñk
Oktrjluaaoñk; ^D@GAOJKGLJQ
@js usjs ld `g sdrod Qjuklargbt To tdakj`jfég oktdfrglg ld sdrvoljr wdn pgrg pdriotor jrldkgljr, tgn`dtg, td`ïbjkj y ajktrj` ngsglj dk d` kgvdfgljr ld tjlgs `gs
bukaojkds - sñ`j todkd qud ajkdatgr g` puktj To ajkdxoñk okg`çinroag g oktdrkdt (mjtspjt) y vgyg g `g lordaaoñk T^@ ajrrdspjklodktd. G`tdrkgtovgidktd,
G`tdrkgtovgidktd, sd pudld
ajkdatgr g trgvïs ld ukg rdl Vo-Bo dxostdktd, j pjr idloj ld ukg @GK agn`dglg (@jag` Grdg Kdtwjrh) g trgvïs ld` pudrtj Dtmdrkdt dk `g pgrtd `gtdrg` ld `g ukolgl.
Rdg `g Qdaaoñk 73.7 pgrg jntdkdr ldtg``ds sjnrd `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl.
Sgrg ajkdatgr To mjtspjt ajk d` jrldkgljr, tgn`dtg j td`ïbjkj.
7) Gsdfõrdsd ld qud `g gktdkg Vo-Bo dstç ajkdatglj g `g ukolgl, ldnd ajkdatgr ukg budktd ld gòidktgaoñk dxtdrkg, y dkaodklg `g gòidktgaoñk ld`
idza`gljr. Rdrç ukg ùz @DL mgstg d` oktdrojr ld` `jfjtopj ld Vo-Bo dk su mgrlwgrd To8 dstd pgrpgldgrç mgstg grrgkaglj ajk ïxotj.
>) Rgyg g Vo-Bo pudstg g puktj dk su lospjsotovj y ajkdatgrsd g` puktj ld gaadsj ‐Qjuklargbt To><’. Qo dstg ds `g proidrg vdz qud sd ajkdatg, `g
ajktrgsd÷g pjr ldbdatj sdrç 'sauow`gk'. ( pjr ldbdatj kj tdklrç ukg pg`gnrg ld \rgksiosoñk, ajip`gadr g ukj ld gsofkgaoñk qud pudlg
rdajrlgr)
1) Okoaogr d` kgvdfgljr ld su lospjsotovj d oktrjluzag `g lordaaoñk T^@ uo.oj. Sgrg `js usugrojs ld Gklrjol, ldnd utoòzgr Gklrjol dr nrjws- <.< j pjstdrojr, u jtrjs kgvdfgljrds
ijldrkjs ajij Amrjid pgrg usgr `g gpòagaoñk oktdrbgz ld usugroj wdn. Dk g`fukjs agsjs dk `js qud uk ldtdriokglj sjbtwgrd ld prjtdaaoñk sd dedautgk dk uk sostdig pudld
qud tdkfg qud oktrjluaor `g lordaaoñk OS 73.73.7.7
<) Ldnd vdr `g pgktg``g ld sd`daaoñk ld lospjsotovj qud iudstrg `js oajkjs ld `g pgktg``g frgkld (pdstg÷g oajkj) y `g pdqud÷g pgktg``g
¡OISJ^\GK\D!
@g proidrg vdz qud sd ajkdatd, ds oipjrtgktd dstgn`dadr u kg kudvg ajktrgsd÷g ld gaadsj Vo-Bo. Su`sd d` oajkj Ajkbofurgaoñk, g
ajktokugaoñk, dòeg `g proidrg pdstg÷g5 '^DL' pgrg gaadldr g` agipj ld ajktrgsd÷g.
Ajktrgsd÷g pjr ldbdatj

GST^JQDQ5
sauow`gk
>.<5 Añij rdgòzgr `g ajkdxoñk - QJB\VG^D LD AJK\^J@

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.35 AJK\^J@ LD QJB\VG^D
QJB\VG^D LD AJK\^J@
D` ajktrj` ld sjbtwgrd ngsglj dk kgvdfgljr pgrg `g Qdrod To dstç lospjkon`d pgrg aug`quodr lospjsotovj dk ljs vdrsojkds. @g vdrsoñk ld pgktg``g pdqud÷g dstç
jptoiozglj pgrg lospjsotovjs ld tgig÷j ld td`ïbjkj8 `g vdrsoñk ld pgktg``g frgkld dstç jptoiozglj pgrg `gs tgn`dtgs y `js jrldkgljrds.
Ajk d` bok ld mgadr d` idejr usj ld su idza`gljr To, pjr bgvjr, `dg dstg sdaaoñk ld ajktrj` ld sjbtwgrd. Mgy vgrogs bukaojkds ld kgvdfgaoñk y ld gaadsj
idkõ qud vg g soipòboagr dkjrididktd d` ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
1.35 AJK\^J@ LD QJB\VG^D

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.3.75 Gatugòzgaojkds y ^DWTOQO\JQ
Gatugòzgaoñk ld Qjbtwgrd y ^DWTOQO\JQ
D` ajktrj` ld sjbtwgrd ngsglj dk kgvdfgljr pgrg `g Qdrod To rdgìdktd dedautg ldsld uk sdrvoljr wdn vortug` dk `g ukolgl prokaopg` To sé iosij y ds ajipgton`d ajk
aug`quodr kgvdfgljr ijldrkj sjbtwgrd qud sd dedautg dk d` lospjsotovj ld ajktrj`. Sgrg `js usugrojs ld Gklrjol, ldnd utoòzgr d` kgvdfgljr ld Gklrjol <.< j pjstdrojr,
u jtrj kgvdfgljr ijldrkj ajij Amrjid pgrg utoòzgr `g gpòagaoñk ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj wdn.
Mgstg 73 lospjsotovjs ld ajktrj` sd pudldk utoòzgr soiu`tçkdgidktd. (Ldpdklodklj ld` gkamj ld ngklg lospjkon`d)
Gatugòzgaojkds ld sjbtwgrd
gatugòzgaojkds pdroñloags ld sjbtwgrd sd punòagk dk d` sotoj wdn ld Qjuklargbt y dstçk lospjkon`ds dk `g pçfokg ld` prjluatj. Dk d` sjb twgrd ld `g tgn`dtg sd
pudld ajiprjngr `g vdrsoñk gatug` ld` sjbt wgrd To kgvdfgklj g `g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk y sd`daaojkgklj `g pdstg÷g Gadrag ld. Dk d` sjb twgrd ld` td`ïbjkj
sd pudld ajiprjngr `g vdrsoñk gatug` ld` sjbtwgrd To kgvdfgklj g `g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk y sd`daaojkgr `g dtoqudtg ld gyulg.
Sgrg gatugòzgr d` sjbtwgrd To5
7. Ldsagrfgr d` gramovj ld gatugòzgaoñk ld `g oktdrbgz ld `g pçfokg wdn y `g òadkaog dk bjrigtj .zop.
>. Ajpog d` gramovj .zop dk uk lospjsotovj ld idlojs TQN gldauglj pgrg `g ajkdxoñk g` pudrtj TQN ld uk idza`gljr To. Kjtg5 D` gramovj pudld rdsolor dk aug`quodr lordatjroj.
Aug`quodr pudrtj TQN dk d` idza`gljr tginoïk ds gadptgn`d.
1. Gsdfõrdsd ld qud su lospjsotovj aòdktd sd ajkdatg g `g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj To idza`gljr
<. Ajkdatd d` lospjsotovj TQN

4. @g pgktg``g FTO ijstrgrç qud d` lospjsotovj TQN sd mg ijktglj. Ldspuïs ld qud d` pg`j sd mg `délj (igyj-sdr 73 sdfukljs içs) sd
rdajkjadrç `g gatugòzgaoñk.
2. @g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj `d prdfuktgrç so ldsdg gatugòzgr. Mgfg aòa dk Gadptgr.
6. D` idza`gljr ``dvgrç g agnj `g gatugòzgaoñk
=. @g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj prdsdktgrç uk idksged qud okloag so `g gatugòzgaoñk mg tdkolj ïxotj j kj.
?.-gpgfgr y dkadkldr `g ukolgl oiprdsaoklon`d y vj`vdr g ajkdatgr uk lospjsotovj aòdktd.
73. Tstdl pudld kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg puktj ld vdr `g kudvg okbjrigaoñk ld `g vdrsoñk ld` boriwgrd.
AJK\^J@GLJ^ LD GTLOJ TQN
D` To><^ rdquodrd d` usj ld` ajktrj`gljr ld Qjuklargbt QO Oipgatj ld guloj pgrg `g rdprjluaaoñk iu`toagkg` TQN y frgngaoñk.
Qd pudld ldsagrfgr g trgvïs ld5
mttp5//www.sjuklargbt.aji/dk/sjbtwgrds/sjuklargbt-iu`toamgkkd`-usn-guloj-lrovd
mttp5//www.sjuklargbt.aji/dk/sjbtwgrds/sjuklargbt-iu`toamgkkd`-usn-guloj-lrovdr-v1->3
r-v1->3 j pjr dkaoig
¡OISJ^\GK\D!
\dkfg dk audktg qud so ustdl todkd aug`quodr topj ld gramovj zop (qud kj sdg d` gramovj ld gatugòzgaoñk) dk aug`quodr lordatjroj dk `g ``gvd TQN yg, `g
gatugòzgaoñk ld sjbtwgrd kj bukaojkgrç. Kjtg Iga JQ pjr ldbdatj gnrd `g ardig``drg ld Ljwk- gramovjs, qud mgrç qud ` g gatugòzgaoñk ld` boriwgrd
agrfglj okajipgton`ds.
1.3.75 Gatugòzgaoñk ld Qjbtwgrd y ^DWTOQO\JQ

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.3.>5 rdstgn`dadr d` IO]D^
QJB\VG^D; ^DQ\GN@DAD^ D@ IDUA@GLJ^
Mgy ljs kovd`ds ld rdgeustd pgrg d` idza`gljr To. @g proidrg jpdrgaoñk rdstgn`dadrç `js pgrçidtrjs ld rdl dk d` agsj ld qud kj sd pudld ajkdatgr. D` sdfuklj
(utoòzg uk gramovj bu``rdsdt.txt dk uk `çpoz ld idijrog TQN dk ajkeukaoñk ajk d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj. Dstj rdstgn`dadrç ajip`dtgidktd `g pgrtd trgsdrg ukolgl g su
boriwgrd bçnroag y ajkbofurgaoñk prdldtdriokglg.
^dstgn`dadr `g ardgaoñk ld rdlds
^dstgn`dadr Gliokostrgaoñk y ^dlds ajktrgsd÷g so `g mg j`volglj `g ajktrgsd÷g ld gliokostrgljr j so yg kj ds agpgz ld ajkdatgrsd g `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
Ttoòad uk aòp (j soio`gr) pgrg igktdkdr pu`sglj d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj rdngeglg (pgkd` `gtdrg`) mgaog gngej lurgktd ukjs 73 sdfukljs iodktrgs sd
dkaodkld `g ukolgl. Dstj okoaogòzgr trgngej dk rdl y `g ajktrgsd÷g ld gliokostrgljr ld` To g` dstglj pjr ldbdatj.
^dpjsoaoñk tjtg`
Dstd iïtjlj dòiokg tjljs `js aginojs qud pudlg mgndr rdgòzglj dk d` idza`gljr y ldvud`vd `g ukolgl g su boriwgrd sgòdrg ld `g bçnroag pjr ldbdatj y d` dstglj. Qd
pdrldrçk tjljs `js geustds, `gs okstgktçkdgs, `js usugrojs, pdrbo`ds y dspdatçau`js. Sjr bgvjr gsdfõrdsd ld qud mg sg`vglj / ajpog ld sdfurolgl ld aug`quodr iudstrg gktds ld
rdstgn`dadr d` oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
7) Ardgr uk bu``rdsdt.txt ``giglj gramovj ld prudng (kj mgy ajktdkolj ds kdadsgroj) y ajpogr g ukg idijrog TQN
>) Oksdrtd `g idijrog TQN dk ukj ld `js pudrtjs TQN ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
1) Tsd uk jnedtj `grfj y ld`fglj pgrg sjstdkdr d` njtñk ld rdsdt lurgktd gprjxoiglgidktd 73 sdfukljs, iodktrgs qud dkaodklg `g ukolgl.
<) @g oktdrbgz ld usugroj rdajkjadrç d` gramovj bu``rdsdt.txt dk `g idijrog TQN y rdgòzgr uk rdstgn`daoiodktj ld bçnroag ajip`dtg.
4) Ldnd gpgfgr y dkadkldr `g ukolgl y vud`vg g ajkdatgr d` lospjsotovj aòdktd. D` dkadklolj lurgktd g` idkjs 73-74 sdfukljs sdr- pjstdrojr gòidktgaoñk dk proidr p`gkj.
Kjtg5 Tk soip`d ijvoiodktj ld gpgfglj / dkadklolj agso sodiprd kj pjlrç grrgkagr ajrrdatgidktd, y pudld gtgsagrsd (ajk pgrpgldj ajktokuj gzu` @DL Vo-Bo).
Gsdfõrdsd ld qud d` suiokostrj

suiokostrj ld dkdrfég, dspdrd 73-74
73-74 sdfukljs, y dkaodklg
dkaodklg.. D` gzu` @DL Vo-Bo pu`sgrç / b`gsm pgrg g`rdldljr
g`rdldljr ld 73-74 sdfukljs
sdfukljs ldspuïs
pdrigkdadr dkadklolj.
1.3.>5 rdstgn`dadr d` IO]D^

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.75 sjbtwgrd ld kgvdfgaoñk
Qjbtwgrd; sjbtwgrd ld kgvdfgaoñk
Mgy iuamgs tïakoags ld kgvdfgaoñk / fdstjs ajiukds g `gs vdrsojkds ld `g tgn`dtg y td`ïbjkj ld` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj. Dstg
sdaaoñk ldsarond `js prokaopg`ds. Qdaaoñk 1.6 rdsuid tjljs `js fdstjs ld ajktrj`.
\dkfg dk audktg5 @gs agpturgs ld pgktg``g qud sd iudstrgk sjk ld `g vdrsoñk ld` td`ïbjkj ld` sjbtwgrd, dxadptj augklj `js ljs lobodrdk sofkoboagtovgidktd dk su
ajktdkolj.
idza`gljr ld ldsp`gzgiodktj
\juam / Aòah y logpjsotovgs dk ` g pgktg``g ld` idza`gljr pgrg ldsp`gzgrsd g `j `grfj ld

tjlg idza`gljr lospjkon`d - okaùydklj B] Qdkl, Gux Qdkl y igdstrjs ld frupj.
Bgldr Kjinrd / Agkg`
Qd`daaojkgr uk agkg` tjagklj j mgaodklj aòa dk d` kjinrd ld gtdkugljr j agkg`. D` agkg` sd`daaojkglj
pdrigkdadrç gatovg (igktdkdr `g gtdkaoñk), okldpdklodktdidktd ld pgktg``g ld bukaoñk mgstg qud sd
sd`daaojkd uk kudvj agkg`.
Ljun`d \gp Bgldr

Gaadldr g` agkg`
agkg` DW ld `g pgktg``g
pgktg``g IO]. Ljn`d tjqud
tjqud j ljn`d aòa.
1.75 sjbtwgrd ld kgvdfgaoñk

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Ljn`d ngklg ld agkg` \jqud

dk aug`quodr ùfgr ld` frobj ljn`d, dxadptj d` bgldr pgrg gaadldr g `g pgktg``g ld `js idtrjs j pjstdrojr pgsd g `g pgktg``g IO] FGOK ld `g pgktg``g.
Kjinrds ld `js agkg`ds ld ldsp`gzgiodktj
\jqud / aòa-mj`l y sd ldsòzgk sjnrd `js kjinrds ld agkg` g kjinrd ld `js agkg`ds ld gaadsj g trgvïs ld tjlj
d` idza`gljr, okaùydklj dkvéjs ld dbdatjs, `js dkvéjs Gux y Frupj gtdkugljrds.
Ljun`d \gp Kjinrd ld` agkg` \d`ïbjkj5 Gaadldr g `g pgktg``g ld` tgn`drj ld okstruidktjs pgrg dsd
agkg` - d` gaadsj g DW, lokçioag, Gux y dkvéjs ld dbdatjs, y iuamj içs.
\gn`dtg5 Gaadsj DLO\G^ Sgfd; boamg Lokçioag.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Ld `grfj (dk dspdrg) Su`sd / aòa
Tk tjqud `grfj / aòa dk aodrtjs ajktrj`ds gnrd ukg dspdaéboag sunidkõ pgrg dsd ajktrj`. Sjr dedip`j, ukg `grfg dspdrg j mgfg aòa dk d` kjinrd ld` agkg` lg gaadsj g
prdgeustds ld agkg`ds, d` aginoj ld kjinrd, ajpogr / pdfgr geustds, `g gsofkgaoñk ld frupjs, sun dk`gad stdrdj, rdstgn`daoiodktj ld` agkg` y `g bukaoñk GQOFKG^ ID.
Rdr ldsòzgn`d
\jagr d` sòldJut b`damg g `g ldrdamg ld `g pgktg``g IO]
Sgrg gaadldr g` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d Rostg.
Sgrg d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg, mgfg aòa /

tjqud d` njtñk To dk `g dsquokg supdrojr ldrdamg ld `g
pgktg``g. @gs jbdrtgs tgn`dtg sòldJut rçpolg idza`gljr ld
kgvdfgaoñk pgrg frupjs ajiukds ld agkg`, IT\D y d`
gaadsj frupj Rostg, d` njtñk \GS \DISJ, gldiçs ld `gs
bukaojkds IT\D G@@ y IT\D B].
Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj dstj lg adsj rçpolj g `g ga-

\GS \DISJ y `js njtjkds B] IT\D, gldiçs ld QG@\J
G (kgvdfgaoñk idza`gljr), F^TSJQ (Iutd y Rdr frupjs),
y bukaojkds (bukaojkds rçpolgs ajij `g rdprjluaaoñk y
frgngaoñk) jpaojkds.
Sudld damgr `g sòldJut Rostg dk su ùfgr g trgvïs ld `g

pgktg``g ld geustds.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.7.75 AJK\^J@ / FDQ\J ^DQTIDK
QJB\VG^D; ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@5

AJK\^J@5 Sgfokgaoñk ld `g idza`g G\GEJQ
Ljn`d Aòah / \gp dk vortug` g rdstgn`dadr d` vjùidk ld` agkg` g 3 lN
Sgktg``g @AL
Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk d` agkg` Sgk j Ng`gkad zjkg g tdipjrgìdktd agkg` ld okloagaoñk ld` vg`jr ld
ld ajktrj` Sgk j Ng`gkad dk `g pgktg``g @AL rd`gtovg agkg`
vortug`
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` agkg` Sgk j Ng`gkad g adktrj ld agkgòzgr Sgk j d` dquoònroj.
ld ajktrj`
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld ngklg ld agkg` pgrg kgvdfgr g ID\^JQ pçfokg
OKST\ (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld dktrglg ld` pgrg kgvdfgr g ID\^JQ pçfokg
agkg` @OKD (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld `g torg kd` Sgrg kgvdfgr g ^DS^JLTA\J^ / IDLOG pçfokg.
^DS^JLTA\J^ Amgk (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk B] ^D\T^K zjkg ld Sgrg kgvdfgr g B] dkvég `g pçfokg
ngklg ld agkg` (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk QTF frupj ld zjkgs pgrg kgvdfgr g ID\^JQ pçfokg
ngklg ld agkg` (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
1.7.75 ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@

www.Igkug`sòn.aji

AJK\^J@5 Sgfokgaoñk ld `g idza`g G\GEJQ
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk GT] zjkg ld agkg` Sgrg kgvdfgr g GT] dkvég `g pçfokg
igdstrj (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk buklolj ld agkg`ds tgpg ld g` agkg` ld dloaoñk ld sdpgrgljrds ijlj DW
kgvdfgr
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g dtoqudtg ld agkg` (topjs Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds
ld agkg`ds5 Dktrglg, dktrglg ld `ékdg, d` eufgljr, sd`daaojkglg pdstg÷g L_K.
Qunfrupj, GT])
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g dtoqudtg ld agkg` (topj kgvdfgr j pdstg÷g sd`daaojkglg agkg` pçfokg
ld agkg`5 B] ^D\T^K) DLO\ B] (B] F`jng` pg- rçidtrjs)
Aòa `grfj / igktdkdr prdsojkglj dk `g dtoqudtg ld pgrg pgrtoaopgr idkõ didrfdktd agkg`.
agkg`
Tk sj`j aòa / tgp fgaoñk dk d` pgkd` ld `g Kgvdfgaoñk pgrg pgrtoaopgr dspdatçau`js / skgpsmjt didrfdktd ld òstg ld
pgktg``g @AL vortug` ld kovd` supdrojr. gaadsj lordatj gatovgljr
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk d` kovd` supdrojr ld` Sgrg kgvdfgr g ajkbofurgaoñk ld `g boamg pçfokg
pgkd` ld kgvdfgaoñk vortug` ld `g pgktg``g @AL iudstrg
Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk d` agkg` igstdr ld pgrg kgvdfgr g ID\^JQ pçfokg
pgktg``g @AL vortug`

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@5 `g pçfokg Dlotgr agkg` DW SG^GID\ÔAJ

Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` dspgaoj vgagktd pgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg IO].
Grrgstrgr nj`gs ld brdaudkaog ld ASD pgrg geustgr `g fgkgkaog lN (grrong y gngej) y `js
vg`jrds ld brdaudkaog (ozquodrlg y ldrdamg)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp nj`gs ld brdaudkaog pgrg rdstgn`dadr ngklg ld brdaudkaog sd`daaojkglg g 3 lN y `g
brdaudkaog prdldtdriokglg.
D` didrfdktd fdstj j `g rudlg ld` rgtñk / trgahpgl ld pgrg geustgr d` vg`jr W

ldsp`gzgiodktj dk nj`g brdaudkaog sd`daaojkglj
Grrgstrgr ng`ñk brdaudkaog LD-DQQD^ pgrg geustgr `g brdaudkaog y lN uinrg` vodejs

vg`jrds.
D` didrfdktd fdstj j `g rudlg ld` rgtñk / trgahpgl pgrg geustgr d` vg`jr ld rd`gaoñk.
ld ldsp`gzgiodktj dk LD-DQQD^ ng`ñk brdaudkaog
Grrgstrgr nj`g ld `g brdaudkaog @SB / MSB pgrg geustgr d` vg`jr ld brdaudkaog @A / MSB. Kjtg5 @g
pdklodktd ld `g aurvg tginoïk sd pudld geustgr
idlogktd `g sd`daaoñk ld `g aurvg ldsdglg dk d` idkõ
ld pgkd` ld `g ldrdamg.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@5 `g pçfokg Dlotgr agkg` DW F^ÇBOAJ

Qjnrd d` Igstdr DW y GT]7-> ds pjson`d qud \dkfg dk audktg, sñ`j dstç lospjkon`d dk IGDQ\^J
tginoïk L^GF MSB y @SB DW pgrg Ozquodrlg / Ldrdamg y GT] / IG\Ô] 7 y
sd`daaojkgr `g brdaudkaog ldsdglg. >.
brdaudkaog FDW pgrg geustgr `g fgkgkaog lN ld brdaudkaog sd`daaojkglj.
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp brdaudkaog FDW pgrg rdstgn`dadr brdaudkaog sd`daaojkglg g 3 lN.
FDW Grrgstrd pgrg vdr d` rdstj ld `gs brdaudkaogs dsquokg supdrojr ozquodrlg vdrç ukg
(tgig÷j ldpdkld ld` tgig÷j ld `g pgktg``g qud sd rdprdsdktgaoñk
rdprdsdktgaoñk ld `js 17 ngklgs
utoòzg)

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@5 DLO\G^ AGKG@5 Dkvéjs GT]O@OG^DQ

Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk Amgk KD@ tgpdtg pgrg 'dstgn`dadr tjljs prd j pjst' jpaoñk.
ld njtjkds S^D / SJQ\
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld `g t org Dkvogr pgrg kgvdfgr g Sgfd idza`g.
agkg` (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g dtoqudtg ld agkg` Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds
sd`daaojkglg pdstg÷g L_K.
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk `g dtoqudtg pgrg pgrtoaopgr idkõ didrfdktd ld agkg`
ld agkg`
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk @AL agkg` g 'vj`vdr g` kovd` adrj'

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; AJK\^J@ LD ^DQTIDK5 DLO\G^ AGKG@5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs

Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld `g torg Dkvogr pgrg kgvdfgr g Sgfd idza`g.
agkg` (dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g dtoqudtg ld agkg`. Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds
sd`daaojkglg pdstg÷g L_K
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk `g dtoqudtg pgrg pgrtoaopgr idkõ didrfdktd agkg`.
ld agkg`
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk @AL agkg` g 'vj`vdr g` kovd` adrj'

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; AJK\^J@ LD ^DQTIDK5 DLO\G^ AGKG@5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs

Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g zjkg ld ngklg ld agkg` pgrg kgvdfgr g Sgfd idza`g.
(dxaùydklj tgpg bgldr)
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` agsquo``j gtdkugljr ld agkg` Sgrg kgvdfgr g agkg` ld dloaoñk ld sdpgrgljrds ijlj DW.
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk `g dtoqudtg ld agkg` Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds
sd`daaojkglg pdstg÷g L_K
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk `g dtoqudtg ld pgrg pgrtoaopgr idkõ didrfdktd agkg`.
agkg`

www.Igkug`sòn.aji

AJ K\^J@5 sòldJut pgkd` ld gaadsjs lordatjs
sd`datjrds ld òstg gldiçs ld utoòzgr ukg 'agrfg' fgto``j njtñk.
sd`daaojkds ld d`didktjs lospjkon`ds dk `js

auglrjs ld òstg sd pudldk mgadr pjr ljn`d aòa /
rjsaglj dk ukg sd`daaoñk
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk Sgrg kgvdfgr g Qun ajkbofu- rgaoñk frupj
sunfrupjs (pçfokg idtrjs, boamg QTNQ).
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk g `g vostg Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g ajkbofurgaoñk Rostgs (pçfokg
F^TSJQ idtrjs, boamg Rostgs)
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk dk `js frupjs ld Sgrg kgvdfgr g `js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj ajk-
so`dkaogiodktj bofurgaoñk (pçfokg idtrjs, boamg QJ^LOKGQ).
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk ajk \GS pgrg `g dktrglg ld tdipj kuiïroaj.
\DISJ
Dk aug`quodr ijidktj pudld mgadr aòa dk d` njtñk MJID pgrg vj`vdr g `g idza`gljrg prokaopg`. Dstç nodk rdajidklglj pgrg d` usj bçao` pgrg sd`daaojkgr d`
pgkd` F^GKLD Q@OLJT\ ldsld d` idkõ ld ajkbofurgaoñk y d` pok g `g idza`gljrg pgrg qud dstï lospjkon`d dk aug`quodr ijidktj.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; ^DQTIDK LD AJK\^J@5 `g pçfokg Dlotgr agkg`

Lofotdam \gn5 Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk `g pgrg qud gpgrdzag `g òstg ld sd`daaoñk gip
agndzg gip
Lofotdam \gn5 Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk d` pgrg qud gpgrdzag `g òstg ld sd`daaoñk ld `g agnokg
fgnokdtd
L_K \gn5 pgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg IO].

Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` dspgaoj vgagktd
L_K \gn5 Grrgstrd ng`ñk pgrg geustgr `g lokçioag ld vg`jr uinrg`

uinrg`.
L_K \gn5 Grrgstrd ng`ñk pgrg geustgr `g lokçioag ld vg`jr ld `g rd`gaoñk

prjpjraoñk
B] \gn5
Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` dspgaoj vgagktd.
Sgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg IO]
B] \gn5 pgrg d` Fdstjr ld geustds prddstgn`daoljs
Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk `g rga Rortug` B] h
GT] \gn5 pgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg IO].

Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tgp dk d` dspgaoj vgagktd

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; AJK\^J@ LD ^DQTIDK5 idtrjs SÇFOKG

Tk sj`j aòa / tgp dk aug`quodr zjkg ld RT pgrg ldsp`gzgrsd mgstg d` agkg` ajrrdspjklodktd dk `g pçfokg
idtrjs agkg` IO].
Su`sgaoñk `grfg / ld prdksg y rdtdkaoñk d` njtñk pgrg `g dktrglg ld tdipj kuiïroaj.

\GS

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJB\VG^D; AJK\^J@ LD ^DQTIDK / Gtgejs

Mj`l Q@J-IJ GETQ\D BOKJ d` Sdriotd d` geustd boukd ld pgrç- idtrjs pgrg
gtdkugljr igyjr dxgatotul.
Dstgn`dad dk adrj Mgfg ljn`d aòa dk aug`quodr pgrçidtrj sd rdstgn`dadrç ld

ljn`d aòa kudvj g adrj
ID\^JQ sg`tj g / GT] ljn`d aòa Mgfg ljn`d aòa dk aug`quodr agkg` sd gnrorç
iosij agkg` dk idtrjs pçfokgs / Gux
QG@\J G DW / L_K Ljn`d aòa, dta.

ljn`d aòa
AGINOJ B] pu`sd y Qd gnrorç d` idkõ didrfdktd pgrg d` aginoj rçpolj ld

igktdkfg pu`sglj `js dbdatjs
STK\DGLG \GNQ pu`sd y Aug`quodr pdstg÷g ajk d` puktj dk `g dsquokg ldrdamg Rjùktgl
igktdkfg pu`sglj todkd ukg bukaoñk ld gaadsj lordatj qud sd pudld gatovgr g
trgvïs pu`sglg `g tda`g.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.>5 SGQ\O@@G LD KGRDFGAOÑK
QJB\VG^D; \GN@D\ / KGRDFGAOÑK pgktg``g frgkld
@g pgktg``g IO] ds d` vg`jr pjr ldbdatj pgrg d` sjbtwgrd ld pgktg``g ld `g tgn`dt To / frgkld - Sudld ldsp`gzgrsd ldsld g``é g jtrgs pgktg``gs y bukaojkds dk ukg
vgrodlgl ld igkdrgs. @js ajktrj`ds ld kovd` 7 ld kgvdfgaoñk qud ``dvgk lordatgidktd g lovdrsgs pgktg``gs prokaopg`ds, Kovd` > ld kgvdfgaoñk (boamgs ld
pçfokg) ajkiutg agpgs ldktrj ld `g pgktg``g sd`daaojkglg, y ajktrj`ds ld kovd` 1 ld kgvdfgaoñk sd`daaojkgr agkg`ds oklovolug`ds.
ID\^JQ
Gaadldr g `g pçfokg ID\^JQ
@gs boamgs dk dstg pçfokg sjk ID\^JQ, (idtrjs y Dstglj), QJ^LOK GQ, ROQ\GQ ,, RAG y QTNQ (Qun Frupjs). D` dstglj pjr ldbdatj pçfokg idtrjs dspdatçau`js
pgrg gòidktgaoñk pmgktji, bgsd, iulj, y dk sjòtgroj, gldiçs ld `g idloaoñk ld frçboaj ld ngrrgs pgrg d` kovd`, `g rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog (lokçioag). Sudld gatovgr
`js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj, utoòzgr \gp \dipj, y a`grj QJ@J, IT\D G@@, y iulj B] lordatgidktd ldsld dstg pçfokg.
1.>5 SGQ\O@@G LD KGRDFGAOÑK

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
IO] / FGKGKAOG
Gaadldr g `gs pçfokgs IO] y FGOK
Augklj d` njtñk ds ld aj`jr kgrgkeg, sd iudstrg `g pçfokg IO] (ldsòzgljrds ld agkg`) y augklj d` njtñk ds rjej, sd iudstrg `g pçfokg FGOK (gtdkugljrds ld
fgkgkaog rdijtj y ajktrj`ds dtgpg ld dktrglg).
DLO\G^
Gaadldr g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld` agkg` sd`daaojkglj
^dsu`tgklj ajkbofurgaoñk pçfokg ldpdkld ld agkg` sd`daaojkglj. Sjr dedip`j, `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld uk agkg` ld dktrglg tdklrç DW, lokçioag,
`js dkvéjs Gux y B] QDKL pdstg÷gs. Aodrtjs gqué sdrçk prdsd`daaojkgljs so sd ldsp`gzg ldsld aodrtjs puktjs ld vostg. Sjr dedip`j, sd`daaojkgr
Dlotgr dk d` B] dkvég `g pçfokg prokaopg` prdsd`daaojkgrç `g pdstg÷g B] dkvég pjr d` agkg` rdsg`tglj.
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ
Gaadsj g `js dkvéjs guxoògrds pçfokg
Iudstrg ukg vostg ngsglg dk gtdkugljr ld tjljs `js kovd`ds ld dkvéj GT] pgrg d` nus guxoògr sd`daaojkglj. \ginoïk iudstrg d` igstdr guxoògr kd` Amgk dk d` `glj
ldrdamj. Ajk Dloaoñk ld `js dkvéjs guxoògrds pçfokg prdsd`daaojkgrç `js dkvéjs guxoògrds boamg pgrg d` agkg` ld dktrglg sd`daaojkglj.
dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
Gaadldr g `g pçfokg ld dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
Iudstrg ukg vostg ngsglg dk gtdkugljr ld tjljs `js kovd`ds ld dkvéj ld dbdatjs pgrg d` B] Qdkl sd`daaojkglj gutjnõs. \ginoïk iudstrg agkg` ld rdtjrkj ld dbdatjs dk d` `glj
ldrdamj. G` sd`daaojkgr Dlotgr dk d` B] dkvég `g pçfokg prdsd`daaojkgrç `g pdstg÷g B] Qdkl ld` agkg` ld dktrglg sd`daaojkglj.
IDLOJQ LD AJITKOAGAOÑK
Gaadldr g `g pçfokg IDLOJQ
^dprjluaaoñk y ajktrj`ds ld frgngaoñk, gldiçs ld sd`daaojkds y rdprjluaaoñk ld `g postg. \ginoïk iudstrg `js agkg`ds ld rdprjluaaoñk @ y rdprjluaaoñk ^ dk `g pgrtd
ozquodrlg.
GETQ\DQ
Gaadldr g `g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaojkds y geustds ld`
idza`gljr y ajkbofurgaojkds.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
OKQ\GK\ÇKDG
D` gaadsj ld` dspdatçau`j y `gs okstgktçkdgs didrfdktd ld` sd`datjr ld prjfrgigs ld
agrfg y `gs okstgktçkdgs lordatgidktd ldsld dstg vdktgkg didrfdktd.
LDQ@OAD
Gaadldr g `g vostg ldsòzgn`d dk d` `glj ldrdamj ld `g pgktg``g
Jbrdad ukg vostg rçpolg y `g bukaojkgòlgl ld ajkiutgaoñk

ajkiutgaoñk ld dstglj. @g vostg sòldJut sd pudld ajkbofurgr ajij 'a`gvglj' (pdrigkdktd) dk `g pçfokg ld
ajkbofurgaoñk ld idza`g y Gux / B] dkvég pçfokgs ld bjrig okldpdklodktd
okldpdklodktd..

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.>.75 AJK\^J@ LD \DA@GLJ
QJB\VG^D; ajktrj` ld` tda`glj y gtgejs
Sgrg `js usugrojs ld idza`g ajk uk lospjsotovj qud todkd uk tda`glj, pjr bgvjr vdr içs gngej uk ajkeuktj ld ajigkljs ajk tda`gs ld bçao` gaadsj, pjr `j qud ds rçpolj
y dboaodktd pgrg gaadldr g `gs bukaojkds içs utoòzglgs dk d` idza`gljr.
@`gvds
7 9 Idtrjs
> 9 \jff`d Iox / Fgok 1 9
Dlotgr
< 9 dkvéjs Gux 4 9
B] dkvég 2 9 S`gydr 6
9 Ajkbofurgaoñk = 9
logpjsotovg ld ? 9
Idtrjs
q 9 \jff`d Dktrglgs w 9 \jff`d B]

Igstdrs d 9 \jff`d Qun Igstdrs frupj ^
9 \jff`d Gux Igstdrs t 9 \jff`d RAG
Igstdrs
p 9 prdgeustds ld agkg`ds (pgrg agkg`ds qud todkdk prdgeustds ld agkg`ds) g 9 Iutd \jljs
s 9 sjòtgroj sd`daaojk
sd`daaojkglg
glg gatugìdktd mgkkd` b 9
Qo`dkaoj B] rdfostrj x 9 > postgs
a 9 sd`daaojkglj gatugìdktd idkõ didrfdktd agkg` ld i 9 Qo`dkaoj

gatugìdktd sd`daaojkglj Ngrrg ld dspgaoj 9 agkg` ldsòzgn`d tgn 9
@> ld pg`gkag g trgvïs ld pdstg÷gs dspgaoj Rj`vdr 9 õ`toig pçfokg
B`damg ldrdamg 9 Qd`daaojkd d` prñxoij agkg` ld b`damg

ozquodrlg 9 Qd`daaojkd agkg` gktdrojr
B`damg grrong 9 Ngkaj ld pgsgr g `g bgsd sofuodktd agkg` voson`d B`damg gngej 9
Ngkaj rdvïs sg`tj g` sofuodktd agkg` voson`d
tda`g DQA 9 @`ïvgid g agsg
1.>.75 AJK\^J@ LD \DA@GLJ

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.>.75 AJK\^J@ LD \DA@GLJ
QJB\VG^D; gtgejs FTO
Ld ngrrg ld kgvdfgaoñk ld pgktg``g - g `grfj aòa pgrg sg`tgr g QD\\OKFQ-; DQSDA\ÇAT@JQ

DQSDA\ÇAT@JQ
Igdstrj ld agkg` @AL - Su`sd pgrg g`tdrkgr dktrd `g vostg y `g pçfokg IO] ID\^JQ ldsòzgljr Sgk - sj`j aòa pgrg ijstrgr d`
vg`jr dk d` ajktrj` ldsòzgktd @AL Sgk - Ljn`d aòa pgrg rdstgn`dadr g` agsquo``j ld` adktrj ld Bgldr - Mgfg ljn`d aòa dk `g tgpg
ld dquoònroj dk euipt g DLO\-; FDW
agsquo``j Bgldr so Igstdr @jah gatovglj y suedtd Bgldr pgrg `g soktjkozgaoñk dk `g ajkbofurgaoñk5
- Mgfg uk aòa `grfj > sdfukljs pgrg ldsn`jqudgr tdipjrgìdktd y geustgr d` vg`jr ld bgldr
- aòa `grfg < sdf g MJ@L BGLD^ `g soktjkozgaoñk bokg (so kj dk `g adrrglurg prokaopg`, igktdkfg BGLD^ `g soktjkozgaoñk bokg sd dstgn`dad dk >
sdfukljs)
dtoqudtg ld agkg` - g `grfj mgfg aòa pgrg gatovgr d` idkõ didrfdktd ld agkg`
pçfokg idtrjs
Idloljrds ld agkg` - mgadr aòa pgrg sd`daaojkgr d` agkg` y sg`tgr g `g pçfokg IO]
Dspgaoj ònrd dk idtrjs-; QJ^LOKGQ / vodws / QTNQ / GRA - Mgfg ljn`d aòa dk spdgad ònrd pgrg rdfrdsgr g `g pçfokg pçfokg IO] IO]
Amgkkd` Qtrop
@AL
dktrgragkg` - Ljn`d aòa
igkugìdkt
igkugìdktd d d` pgrg
vg`jr rdstgn`dadr g 3Sgk
ld ldsòzgljr lN agkg`
- sj`j@AL - @jkf
aòa pgrg Mgfgdàòavg`jr
ijstrgr pgrg
dk d` ajktrj` ldsòzgktd @AL Sgk - Ljn`d aòa pgrg rdstgn`dadr g ADK\^J
torg ld Dktrglgs ld Agkg` / @OKD / sunfrupjs - Mgfg aòa ljn`d torg / RT zjkg pgrg or g Idtrjs ld ngklg ld agkg` eufgljr -
Ljn`d aòah pgrg or g `g pçfokg ld` eufgljr ld ngklg ld agkg` ld zjkg brgkeg Igstdr B] - Ljn`d Aòa pgrg dkvéjs ld dbdatjs ld
ngklg ld agkg` GT] Igstdrs - Ljn`d mgadr aòa pgrg or g `js dkvéjs Gux tgpgs Bgldr - ljn`d aòa ld bgldr tgpgs g euipt g
DLO\-; DW (dxadptj RAG) dtoqudtgs ld agkg` - g `grfj mgfg aòa pgrg gatovgr d` idkõ didrfdktd ld agkg`
dtoqudtgs ld agkg` - ljn`d aòah pgrg sg`tgr g DLO\-; AJIS (dxaùyd B] Igdstrjs)
I gdstrjs) `gs dtoqudtgs ld` agkg` B]
Igstdrs - ljn`d aòah pgrg sg`tgr g DLO\-; dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
DLO\G^ SÇFOKG
Dk fdkdrg`, mgadr ljn`d aòa dk d` dspgaoj ònrd ldvj`vdrç g` usugroj g `g pçfokg ld IO]
dkvéjs
tda`g \gnGT]
pgrg aginogr dktrd agkg`ds igstdr guxoògr zjkgs ld ngklg ld
agkg` - Mgfg ljn`d aòa pgrg or g `g pçfokg Iox
dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
tda`g ld tgnu`gaoñk pgrg ldsp`gzgrsd pjr `js agkg`ds B] igdstrj zjkgs ld ngklg ld
agkg` - Mgfg ljn`d aòa pgrg or g `g pçfokg Iox
Sdqud÷j ageñk ldsòzgn`d

njtñk ld` frupj ld sun - @jkf aòa pgrg euipt g idtrjs-; QTNQ Rdr njtñk ld
frupj - @jkf aòa pgrg sg`tgr g idtrjs-; ROQ\GQ njtñk ld frupj Iutd - @jkf aòa
pgrg sg`tgr g idtrjs-; njtñk QJ^LOKGQ \gp \dipj - @jkf aòa pgrg dktrgr dk
Igkug`` \dipj
Logpjsotovg frgkld budrg

njtjkds ld` frupj ld so`dkaogiodktj - @jkf Su`sd pgrg sg`tgr g idtrjs-; QJ^LOKGQ ld` frupj sd`daaojkglj dk dsd ijidktj njtjkds ld vostg
ld frupj - @jkf aòa pgrg sg`tgr g idtrjs-; Bjtjs ld` njtñk ld` frupj sd`daaojkglj dk dsd ijidktj \gp \dipj - @jkf mgfg aòa pgrg dktrgr dk
Igkug`` vg`jr ld` tdipj fdkdrg` mgaodklj ljn`d aòa dk d` dspgaoj ònrd ldvj`vdrç g` usugroj g `g pçfokg ld njtñk \gp tdipj IO] - g `grfj mgfg
aòa pgrg dktrgr vg`jr igkug`
1.>.75 AJK\^J@ LD \DA@GLJ

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.15 Sgktg``gs \GN@D\
QJB\VG^D; SGK\G@@GQ sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg
@js prokaopg`ds pgktg``gs ld` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg sd gaadld ldsld d` kovd` 7 Njtjkds ld kgvdfgaoñk g `j `grfj ld `g pgrtd supdrojr ld` çrdg ld `g pgktg``g, j
idlogktd végs ld gaadsj rçpolj, ajij d` ljn`d tjqud dk uk ldsòzgljr pgrg gaadldr g `g pgktg``g DW (vdr sdaaoñk 1.7).
ID\^JQ
@gs pdstg÷gs sjk idloljrds (pgrg tjljs `js agkg`ds), QJ^LOKGQ
(gsofkgaoñk ld frupj Iutd), vostgs (Rdr gsofkgaoñk ld frupj), y
QTNQ (gsofkgaoñk sun-frupj). @g pçfokg audktg ajk idloljrds
RT idtrjs y idloljrds ld rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog pgrg tjljs Kd`s
Amgk, y tginoïk prjpjraojkg uk gaadsj rçpolj g `g a`grg QJ@JQ,
IT\D B] y so`dkaogr g tjljs `js njtjkds, gldiçs ld tjljs `js
frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj.
IDUA@G
IO] ds `g pgktg``g içs usglj d okaùyd ukg pgktg``g ldsp`gzgn`d ld
aglg gtdkugljr ld agkg`. D` jrldk ld `js agkg`ds ld ozquodrlg g
ldrdamg ds5 ldsòzgljrds ld agkg` ld dktrglg, `ékdg dk
ldsòzgljrds, `js ldsòzgljrds ld` rdprjluatjr ld idlojs,
gtdkugljrds ld rdtjrkj B], bgldrs Qunfrupj, y igstdr guxoògr
gtdkugljrds. D` mgrlwgrd To ds d` prjpodtgroj ldtdriokgrç d`
kõidrj ld agkg`ds qud sd vd dk d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj`.
FGKGKAOG
\jljs `js ijld`js ld idza`gljr To okaùydk ajktrj` ld fgkgkaog g
lostgkaog y gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig rdijtj. @g pgktg``g FGOK -
bçaoìdktd oldktoboagljs pjr sus `ékdgs ld kovd` ld bgldr rjej - audktg
ajk gtdkugljrds ld fgkgkaog, y `g gòidktgaoñk pmgktji y bgsd
okvdrtolg njtjkds. Kjtg5 Augklj LGV okf Qd`daaojkgr- j TQN Tkg
rdprjluaaoñk ld ïstjs nr losagpgaotgljs y jtrj ajkeuktj lospjkon`d
pgrg `g frgngaoñk ldspuïs ld `js proidrjs >3 ld dktrglg ld
ioarñbjkj Kd`s Amgk.
1.15 Sgktg``gs Qjbtwgrd pgrg \gn`dt

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
DLO\G^
@g pçfokg DLO\ prjpjraojkg gaadsj g trgtgiodktj ld guloj
ajij DW, lokçioag, y B]. @gs pdstg÷gs ld prjadsgiodktj
ld guloj dspdaéboags lospjkon`ds ldpdkldk ld` topj ld agkg`

sd`daaojkglj. Sjr dedip`j, `gs sgòlgs guxoògrds y Agkg`
Igdstrj okaùydk daugòzgljr frçboaj.
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ ds ljkld sd ardgk `gs idza`gs gux. @js
gtdkugljrds ld ldtdriokgr d` kovd` ld sd÷g` dkvoglg g` nus
guxoògr sd`daaojkglj. Qd`daaojkd ukg idza`g guxoògr ld `js
lospjkon`ds dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ld `g vostg pgrg geustgr dsg
idza`g. D` igstdr guxoògr dstgrç lospjkon`d dk d` dxtrdij
ldrdamj ld `g pgktg``g, euktj g` agkg` prokaopg`.
dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
B] Dkvogr ldsòzgljrds ldtdriokgk `g idza`g qud sd dkvég g`
prjadsgljr ld dbdatjs sd`daaojkglj. Dk proidr ùfgr, sd`daaojkgr d`
dbdatj qud ldsdg geustgr usgklj `gs pdstg÷gs, y ùdfj geustgr `js
ldsòzgljrds pgrg guidktgr j losiokuor `g agktolgl ld
rdvdrndrgaoñk ustdl quosodrg g÷glolj g aglg agkg` ld dktrglg.
Qd`daaojkd Dlotgr pgrg ijloboagr d` g`fjrotij ld B]

sd`daaojkglj.
IGQ _J
IJ^DID pdriotd g `js usugrojs gsofkgr su prjpoj agkg`
pdrsjkg`, y ardgk ukg idza`g ld ijkotjrdj pdrsjkg` ajk uk
sj`j gtdkugljr frgkld. IJ^DID kjinrds ld `js agkg`ds sd
rdsg`tgk dk aj`jr kgrgkeg. Sgrg gsofkgr uk agkg` ld dktrglg g`
bgldr IJ^DID, g `grfj pu`sd d` kjinrd ld` agkg` y
sd`daaojkd `g bukaoñk GQOFKG^ ID. Ttoòad d` iosij prjadsj
pgrg gsofkgr uk nus guxoògr ajij yj mgaog budrg '. Dk d`
sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg, sd`daaojkd IJ^DID dk d` pgkd`
ldsòzgn`d, j ford d` oSgl g ukg vostg vdrtoag` pgrg gaadldr g `g
pgktg``g ld IJ^DID.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
IDLOJQ LD AJITKOAGAOÑK
D` idza`gljr To mg ajkstruolj dk uk rdprjluatjr ld idlojs. Dstj pudld sdr
usglj pgrg postgs ld gajipg÷giodktj j pgrg iõsoag ld bjklj dktrd sdrods.
@g rdprjluaaoñk ld gramovjs sd trgksiotd lordatgidktd
lordatgidktd ldsld ukg idijrog
TQN. Su`sd d` oajkj ld idlojs pgrg dktrgr dk `g pçfokg ld` eufgljr. @js
gramovjs pudldk sdr rdprjluaoljs ldsld ukg òstg ld rdprjluaaoñk j
lordatgidktd ldsld `g òstg ld gramovjs. Srdsojkd y igktdkfg d` kjinrd ld
agkg` ld rdprjluaaoñk pgrg qud gpgrdzag d` idkõ ld agkg`ds.
GETQ\DQ
Ld` sostdig, `g rdl y `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld sdfurolgl, gsé
ajij dspdatçau`js y fdstoñk ld okstgktçkdgs. Rïgsd `g
sdaaoñk 73 pgrg içs ldtg``ds.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.<5 \D@ÏBJKJ KGRDFGAOÑK
QJB\VG^D; KGRDFGAOÑK \D@ÏBJKJ
@g pgktg``g IO] ds d` vg`jr prdldtdriokglj pgrg d` sjbtwgrd To - Sudld ldsp`gzgrsd ldsld g``é g jtrgs pgktg``gs y bukaojkds dk ukg vgrodlgl ld igkdrgs. Sgrg
gaadldr g `g pgktg``g ld` idkõ, pu`sd d` oajkj ld KGR dk `g dsquokg supdrojr ldrdamg ld `g pgktg``g. Srdsojkd ld kudvj pgrg vj`vdr g `g pgktg``g IO].
KGR
Gaadldr g `g pgktg``g ld` idkõ prokaopg`
Augklj dstç dk usj, d` njtñk KGR aginog g` oajkj ld `g tda`g ld rdtjrkj. Qd utoòzg pgrg vj`vdr g `g pgktg``g IO].
Iudstrg / QKGSQMJ\Q
Gaadldr g `g agrfg Qmjw y okstgktçkdgs / Fugrlgr pçfokg.
1.<5 \D@ÏBJKJ KGRDFGAOÑK

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.<5 pgktg``gs ld td`ïbjkjs
QJB\VG^D; pgktg``gs ld td`ïbjkjs QJB\VG^D
Dk `g pgktg``g ld idkõ sd pudld gaadldr g `g pgktg``g IO] (njtñk Rj`vdr, dk `g dsquokg supdrojr ldrdamg) y jtrjs kudvd pgktg``gs prokaop
prokaopg`ds
g`ds g trgvïs ld `js njtjkds ld
frgk tgig÷j ajk añlofjs ld aj`jrds.
ETFGLJ^
D` idza`gljr To mg ajkstruolj dk uk rdprjluatjr ld idlojs. Dstj pudld sdr
usglj pgrg postgs ld gajipg÷giodktj j pgrg iõsoag ld bjklj dktrd sdrods.
@g rdprjluaaoñk ld gramovjs sd trgksiotd lordatgidktd ldsld ukg idijrog
TQN. @js gramovjs pudldk sdr r dprjluaoljs ldsld ukg òstg ld
rdprjluaaoñk j lordatgidktd ldsld `g òstg ld gramovjs. Srdsojkd y
igktdkfg d` kjinrd ld agkg` ld rdprjluaaoñk pgrg qud gpgrdzag d` idkõ
ld agkg`ds.
IGQ _J
IJ^DID pdriotd g `js usugrojs gsofkgr su prjpoj agkg`
pdrsjkg`, y ardgk ukg idza`g ld ijkotjrdj pdrsjkg` ajk uk
sj`j gtdkugljr frgkld. IJ^DID kjinrds ld `js agkg`ds sd
rdsg`tgk dk aj`jr kgrgkeg. Sgrg gsofkgr uk agkg` ld dktrglg g
`g IJ^DID bgldr, pu`sd `grfj d` kjinrd ld` agkg` y
sd`daaojkd `g bukaoñk QOFK ID GQ. Ttoòad d` iosij prjadsj
pgrg gsofkgr uk nus guxoògr ajij yj mgaog budrg '.
ID\^JQ
Okloagljrds ld vjùidk pgrg tjljs `js agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr,
gldiçs ld `js @DL ld dstglj ld gòidktgaoñk pmgktji, bgsd,
Aòp, iutd y sj`j. Qo pu`sg dk aug`quodr ngkaj idtrj, qud `d
``dvgrç g `js gtdkugljrds ld `js agkg`ds ld `g pçfokg IO].
Dstg pçfokg tginoïk prjpjraojkg uk gaadsj rçpolj g `g a`grg
QJ@JQ, IT\D B] y so`dkaogr tjljs `js njtjkds.
GETQ\DQ
Tkg fgig ld ajkbofurgaojkds ld` sostdig y jpaojkds ld
ajkbofurgaoñk dk `g ajkbofurgaoñk pjr pgrtolgs (idza`gr
prdbdrdkaogs), FTO (oktdrbgsd), ^DL (puktj agòdktd Vo-Bo y
ld `g ajktrgsd÷g), d` gaadsj (sdfurolgl iu`to-usugroj), y
gyulg.
1.<5 pgktg``gs ld td`ïbjkjs QJB\VG^D

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 1.45 pgktg``gs ld `js td`ïbjkjs
QJB\VG^D; pgktg``gs ld td`ïbjkjs QJB\VG^D
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ
Dkvéjs guxoògrds ds ljkld sd ardg `g idza`g GT]. @js
ldsòzgljrds ld agkg` ld dktrglg GT] ldtdriokgk d` kovd` ld `g
sd÷g` dkvoglg g dsd nus gux. Qd`daaojkd ukg idza`g guxoògr g `g
ldrdamg pgrg geustgr `g idza`g ld tjljs `js agkg`ds.
FGKGKAOG
\jljs `js ijld`js ld idza`gljr To okaùydk ajktrj` ld fgkgkaog g
lostgkaog y gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig rdijtj. @g pgktg``g FGOK -
bçaoìdktd oldktoboagljs pjr sus `ékdgs ld kovd` ld bgldr rjej -
audktg ajk gtdkugljrds ld fgkgkaog, y `js njtjkds ld dkadklolj y
`g bgsd ld <=R.
DQSDA\ÇAT@JQ
Dspdatçau`js y fdstoñk ld okstgktçkdgs, d` gmjrrj y d` rdaudrlj dta.
Tkg iudstrg ds ukg aj`daaoñk ld okstgktçkdgs. Tkg okstgktçkdg ds
uk ajkeuktj gìgadkglj ld geustds ld` idza`gljr ajip`dtj.
dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
B] Dkvogr ldsòzgljrds ldtdriokgk `g idza`g qud sd dkvég g`
prjadsgljr ld dbdatjs sd`daaojkglj. Dk proidr ùfgr, sd`daaojkgr
d` dbdatj qud ldsdg geustgr usgklj `gs pdstg÷gs, y ùdfj geustgr

`js ldsòzgljrds pgrg guidktgr j losiokuor `g agktolgl ld
rdvdrndrgaoñk ustdl quosodrg g÷glolj g aglg agkg` ld dktrglg.
Qd`daaojkd B] DLO\ pgrg dlotgr d` g`fjrotij B] sd`daaojkglj.
DLO\G^
Su`sd ljs vdads d` kjinrd ld` agkg` j pgktg``g ld sd`daaoñk ld
dloaoñk pgrg gnror d` pgkd` ld ajktrj` ld agkg`. Dstg pgktg``g
pdriotd `g dloaoñk ld DW, lokçioag, dbdatjs y dkvéjs guxoògrds.
Qoip`didktd mgfg aòa dk `g pgktg``g qud ldsdg y sd gnrorç dsg
agrgatdréstoag dk pgktg``g ajip`dtg. Su`sd ljs vdads d` kjinrd
ld Agkg` Igdstrj pgrg `g pçfokg Dlot Igstdr.
1.45 pgktg``gs ld td`ïbjkjs QJB\VG^D

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.35 agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr
agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr
@js idza`gljrds To todkd ukg vgrodlgl ld topjs ld agkg` ld dktrglg y ld sgòlg. Sudld vdr tjljs `js agkg`ds dk `g pgktg``g IO] prokaopg` y grrgstrgr d`
ldsp`gzgiodktj g `j `grfj ld `g ajksj`g vortug`. \ginoïk pudld utoòzgr `g pçfokg IO] pgkd`ds ldsòzgn`d pgrg sd`daaojkgr `js topjs ld agkg`ds dspdaéboajs y
vostgs prdldbokolgs.
Ld` agkg` ld dktrglg - `gs sdaaojkds <.7 y <.>

Tk agkg` ld dktrglg To ajkstg ld ukg sdaaoñk FGOK (dktrglg bésoag, prd-gipòboagljr, `g bgsd, `g gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig dta) y `g sdaaoñk IO]. @js agkg`ds ld
dktrglg sd gòidktgk ld` nus dstïrdj prokaopg` (pgrg d` agkg` igdstrj), `js nusds GT] QDKL (g `js agkg`ds Gux Igstdr), y `js nusds B] QDKL (y dk g `js
rdtjrkjs ld dbdatjs). @g ajktronuaoñk ld uk agkg` ld dktrglg pgrg dstjs nusds sd ajktrj`g dk `g pçfokg ld sjbtwgrd ajrrdspjklodktd, j dk `g pgktg``g ld dloaoñk
ld` agkg`.
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ / GT] AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^ - sdaaoñk <.1

Qgòlgs guxoògrds (gnrdvogturg ld Guxoògr) sjk `gs sgòlgs dk ` g pgrtd supdrojr ldrdamg ld` mgrlwgrd ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj. Dstgs sgòlgs todkdk aglg ukj su prjpog idza`g ld budktds ld
dktrglg, sdpgrgr ld `g idza`g igdstrg. Dk fdkdrg`, sgòlgs guxoògrds sd utoòzgk pgrg `js iõsoajs pgrg dsauamgr su prjpog idza`g dk d` dsadkgroj g trgvïs ld uk g`tgvjz ijkotjr ld dsadkgroj
j pgrg gipòboagljrds ld guroau`grds pgrg `g ijkotjrozgaoñk ok-dgr. G`tdrkgtovgidktd, `gs sgòlgs guxoògrds pudldk sdr dkvogljs g ukolglds ld dbdatjs dxtdrkjs ld mgrlwgrd.
QTN F^TSJ AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^ - sdaaoñk <.4

Qo ustdl quodrd tdkdr d` ajktrj` oklovolug` ld `js ajipjkdktds ld `g idza`g ld eudfjs ld ngtdrég, pjr dedip`j, pdrj tginoïk quodrdk ajktrj` ld dquoònroj sjnrd ukg sj`g
ajktronuaoñk ld tjlj d` hot g `g idza`g, sd utoòzgrég uk sunfrupj.
Dkvéjs B] / B] ^D\T^K AMGKKD@ - sdaaoñk <.<

B] DKRÉG bgldrs ldtdriokgk dbdatovgidktd `g agktolgl ld dbdatj dk aglg agkg` ld dktrglg. \rgngegk ajij dkvéjs guxoògrds dk d` qud ukg idza`g ld `gs
ajktronuaojkds ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg sd ardg dk d` B] dkvég `g pçfokg - ukg pgrg aglg prjadsgljr B].
AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^ - sdaaoñk <.2

D` Igstdr Qtdrdj Amgkkd` ds d` agkg` ld sgòlg pgrg d` dstïrdj prokaopg` (ozquodrlj y ldrdamj) idza`gr - ldtdriokglj pjr d` agkg` ld dktrglg y ldsòzgljrds ld agkg` ld
rdtjrkj B] y ajktrj`ds / ng`gkzg ld p`gto``js.
<.35 agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.35 7 AMGKKD@ \O^G
LD AGKG@
@g ngklg ld agkg` todkd ukg frgk agktolgl ld okbjrigaoñk g su gàgkad. D` sofuodktd ds uk ldtg``d ld `j qud uk usugroj pudld dspdrgr
dkajktrgr.
Iutd y Qj`j njtjkds augklj gatovglg j nodk sd

so`dkaogr d` agkg`, sgaçklj`j ld `g idza`g j Qj`j
idlogktd `g dòiokgaoñk ld tjljs `js ldiçs
agkg`ds.
okbjrigaoñk ld frupjs RAG sd iudstrg

`g pgrtd supdrojr ld @M pgrg iõ`top`ds
gfrupgaojkds RAG
dipgrdegiodktj dstïrdj augklj sd

gatovg sd gsjaogrç ljs agkg`ds
glygadktds y pgk d``js ozquodrlg /
ldrdamg
gzu`.
okloagljrds agkg` ld fgkgkaog @DL agkg` ld` idloljr ld fgkgkaog sd iudstrg dk
iudstrgk d` kovd` ld fgkgkaog. @js gatovglj. Augklj sd gatovg d` so`dkaogiodktj ld`
iudstrgk dk `g dsquokg okbdrojr ^M augklj dstç
kovd`ds içxoijs sd iudstrgk dk rjej.
okloagljrds RAG y sunfrupjs sd
@js agkg`ds pudldk sdr kjinrgljs

pjr uk ljn`d aòa sjnrd d` kõidrj ld
agkg`
<.35 7 AMGKKD@ \O^G

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.35 > To QOLD SGKD@
LD AGKG@
D` pgkd` `gtdrg` To ds ukg oktdrbgz iu`tobukaoñk qud pdriotd uk bçao` gaadsj pgrg vdr y frupjs Iutd. D` bjrigtj dxpgklolj todkd pdstg÷gs
sdpgrglgs pgrg `js ngkajs, Idlog S`gydr y bukaojkds qud pdriotdk ukg igyjr gaad- sonoòlgl.
D` bjrigtj frgkld sòldJut To D` bjrigtj frgkld @g frgk bjrigtj ldsòzgn`d

ld Fgzg dk d` ijlj ld sòldJut To Fgzg dk ijlj To Fgzg dk bukaojkds ld`
Ngkajs sd dxpgkld dk `g torg ld eufgljr g`- iékoijs ld ijlj pdriotd g` usugroj
D` ld`fglj ldsòzgn`d To
ldsòzgn`d dstçklgr ajk gaadsj rçpolj g Iuòto gaadldr g Fugrlgr
Fgzg iudstrg `gs dktrglgs,
Qigrt ldsp`gzçkljsd pjr `g postgs y > postgs TQN okstgktçkdg, `g
`js rdtjrkjs ld dbdatjs, Qun
pgktg``g ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj ^dprjluaaoñk y gatugòzgaoñk okstgktçkdg
Frupjs GT], Igstdrs, Rostg y
y pdstg÷gs rçpolgs pgrg frgngaoñk. gatug`, prdvo- jus
iulj gqué. Frupj, \gp trgks- pjrtd g` usugroj g` okoaoj okstgktçkdg / okstgktçkdg
\dipj, Qo`dkaogr tjlj,
j bokg` ld `g pgktg``g. sofuodktd ldsp`gzgiodktj g
Qo`dkaoj y B] Içs jpaojkds
trgvïs ld okstgktçkdgs.
Id. G` mgadr aòa sjnrd d``js
gnrorç sus pgktg``gs ld
bukaojkds qud pdriotdk g`
usugroj gaadsj rçpolj.
@gs trds torgs To frgk bjrigtj pdriotdk gaadldr bçaoìdktd g Rdr y frupjs Iutd, Iutd B],
\gp \dipj, B] Igstdrs, Igstdrs GT], RAG Igstdr y Qun Frupjs. @g bukaoñk içs ld ié
sd gaadld g trgvïs ld ukg boamg dk `g pgktg``g Ajktgljrds
<.35 > To QOLD SGKD@

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.75 Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG
AGKG@DQ; Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG
@g pçfokg ld fgkgkaog `d pdriotd ajktrj`gr `js gspdatjs ld `g dtgpg ld dktrglg ld uk agkg` ld dktrglg To. Ds ukg pgktg``g ld topj ld agkg` ajk okloagljrds ld kovd`
ld bgldr rjej.
\GN@D\G5 Aòah / frobj njtñk IO] / FGOK pgrg g`tdrkgr pçfokgs IO] y fgkgkaog.
\D@ÏBJKJ5 Ttoòad d` njtñk ld idkõ FGOK pgrg kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld FGOK.
KJ\G5 @g pgktg``g FGOK todkd `g pgktg``g ld dktrglg y `js ajktrj`ds Sgk / Ng`gkad dk ajiõk ajk `g pgktg``g IO] - ajksu`td `g sdaaoñk <.> pgrg içs
ldtg``ds.
\jljs `js ijld`js ld idza`gljr To okaùydk ajktrj` ld fgkgkaog g lostgkaog y gòidktgaoñk bgktgsi
bgktgsig
g rdijtj. Dstg frgk agrgatdréstoag `d pdriotd aginogr `g dktrglg ld
ioarñbjkj ld fgkgkaog y gòidktgaoñk Smgktji ld bjrig rdijtg dk su sjbtwgrd To sok kdadsolgl ld tjagr d` mgrlwgrd).
FGKGKAOG
@gs dktrglgs ld guloj todkdk uk rgkfj ld fgkgkaog ld dktrglg ld -73 lN g + 23 lN. Ds ukg nudkg oldg pgrg gsdfurgrsd ld qud `g fgkgkaog ld gtdkugljr sd mg
rdluaolj g` dkamubgr kudvgs budktds. Dvotgr ld rdajrtgr`gs y `g dktrglg - augklj vdg `g ùz aòp rjej ajkstgktdidkt
ajkstgktdidktd
d d` rdfostrj, sd lostjrsojkg `g sd÷g`.
Qoip`didktd
Qoip`didktd rdluaor `g fgkgkaog pgrg dvotgr dstj.
Augklj aginog g IO] ld FGOK, `js ajktrj`ds ld vjùidk aginogk g `js ldsòzgljrds ld fgkgkaog (`ékdg rjeg ldngej ld `g pdro``g ld` ajktrj`). Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg,
`js njtjkds IT\D y QJ@J aginogk g + <=R (gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig) y ς (bgsd okvdrsg) y `js njtjkds ld rdtgrlj. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj dsjs ajktrj`ds dstçk dk `g
pçfokg DLO\ (sd pudld puktdgr ljs vdads dk uk kjinrd ld agkg` pgrg aginogr g `g pçfokg DLO\ içs rçpolj). \dkfg dk audktg augklj ukg dktrglg LGV sd sd`daaojkg g
uk agkg` ld ajktrj` `g fgkgkaog sdrç ijvolj g `g sdaaoñk ld fgkgkaog ld guloj.
<.75 Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.75 Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG
SJLD^ BGK\GQIG
Qd rdquodrd Smgktji Sjwdr pgrg gaaojkgr ldtdriokgljs ioarñbjkjs, tg`ds ajij ioarñbjkjs ld ajkldksgljr, u jtrj gatovj
lospjsotovjs tg`ds ajij uk LO gatovj. Qd gatovg pjr agkg`. Tstdl pudld jntdkdr ukg vosoñk fdkdrg` ld` dstglj ld `g gòidktgaoñk tji
pmgk- dk `g pgktg``g ID\^JQ (okloagljr gzu`).
Augklj sd gatovg `g gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig,

bgktgsig, `g sgòlg ld` agkg` ds ijidktçkdg
ijidktçkdgidktd
idktd so`dkaoglj pgrg dvotgr `js trgksotjrojs sodklj
trgksiotolj g` rdstj ld `g agldkg ld guloj (`g prjtdaaoñk ld sus g`tgvjads SG).
bgsd okvdrsg
@g okvdrsoñk ld `g bgsd pudld gyulgr g dòiokgr `gs brdaudkaogs kj ldsdglgs qud pudldk rdsu`tgr dk `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk j soip`didktd
gyulgr g ajrrdfor d` sjkolj augklj sudkg 'ldsbgsglj' j kj ld` tjlj nodk.
MO-U (sñ`j lospjkon`d dk AM7 y AM>)

Ld g`tj vj`tged, @jw budktds ld ajrrodktd ajij fuotgrrgs, tda`gljs y ngejs sd ndkdboaogrç ld` usj ld `g dktrglg Mo-U dk
AM7 y AM>.
^D\^GQJ LD DK\^GLG
D` rdtgrlj ld dktrglg sd pudld vgrogr ldsld 7->43is. Dstj pdriotorç g` usugroj pgrg pdriotor lobdrdktds dip`gzgiodktjs ld `js
ioarñbjkjs dk uk frgk dsadkgroj, pjr dedip`j. G` rdtrgsgr `gs sd÷g`ds ld dktrglg bjrigk lovdrsgs budktds, d` usugroj pudld ardgr ukg
idza`g içs ajmdrdktd.
Oktrjluzag `g `dkfðdtg ld FGOK. Aglg ngmég bgldr ld dktrglg jbrdadrç uk njtñk ld rdtgrlj. Augklj sd pu`sg ukg dktrglg ijlg` ld rdtgrlj sd gnrorç
pdriotodklj qud `g dktrglg ld` usugroj ld vg`jr ld rdtgrlj sd`daaojkglj. D` usugroj oktrjluad uk vg`jr ld rdtgrlj dk `g DI, i, bt, j iudstrgs.
GOQ@G^
pgrçidtrjs ld agkg` gos`gr ld aginogr ajk `g ldijstrgaoñk j okstgktçkdg rdvosojkds. Dstj prjtdfd d` pgrçidtrj ld sdr
gku`glj pjr aginojs ld okstgktçkdgs.
<.75 Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>5 Dktrglg5 IO] SÇFOKG
AGKG@DQ; DK\^GLG5 Sgfokgaoñk ld `g idza`g
@g pçfokg ld IO] ds `g pçfokg pjr ldbdatj ld` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj y `d pdriotd ajktrj`gr d` dkrutgiodktj y d` pgkdj y d` bgldr ld uk agkg` ld dktrglg
To. Sjr bgvjr kjtg - `gs pgktg``gs ld` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj pgkjrçioag / dquoònroj, dk sjòtgroj, y d` dstglj ld so`dkaoj, pdrj pgrg d` ajktrj` qud ldnd utoòzgr `g pçfokg ld
dloaoñk. Dstjs ajktrj`ds sd ldsarondk dk dstg sdaaoñk.
\GN@D\G5 Aòah / frobj njtñk IO] / FGOK pgrg g`tdrkgr pçfokgs IO] y fgkgkaog.
\D@ÏBJKJ5 D` njtñk ^D\T^K sodiprd `d rdfrdsg g `g pçfokg IO].
Tk aòa ljn`d / ngrro` dk ukg torg ld agkg` ld fgkgkaog (kj `g tgpg bgldr), rdfrdsgrç g `g pçfokg ld IO]. Tk aòa ljn`d / fj`pdaotj dk
uk kjinrd ld agkg` `d ``dvgrç g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk pgrg dsd agkg`.
BGLD^
Geustd d` kovd` ld dstd agkg` dk `g idza`g prokaopg` dstïrdj.
IDLOLG
idloaoñk RT pgrg d` kovd` ld dktrglg y d` kovd` ld vjùidk.
@js okloagljrds ld vjùidk dk `g pçfokg IO] iudstrgk ljs aj`jrds. @js idloljrds gzu`ds iudstrgk `g fgkgkaog ld dktrglg (ldsld `g pçfokg FGOK) y `js idloljrds ld aj`jr gigro``j
sjnrd `g pgrtd supdrojr iudstrgk d` kovd` ld vjùidk. \dkfg dk audktg, DW y L_K gbdatg g `js ajktgljrds ld vjùidk.
<.>5 Dktrglg5 IO] SÇFOKG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>5 Dktrglg5 IO] SÇFOKG
AGKG@DQ; Dktrglg5 FGOK SÇFOKG
ITLJ
Gpgfgr `g sd÷g` ld guloj ld uk agkg`
IT\D ds uk budrg ld guloj okidlogtg, dk ùfgr ld tdkdr qud ldsòzgrsd pjr d` bgldr (y dòiokg `g pjsonoòlgl ld j`volgr su pjsoaoñk jrofokg`). @js
iuljs njtñk ld so`dkaoj `g sgòlg ld` agkg` g` nus dstïrdj prokaopg`. \ginoïk pudld so`dkaogr ukg sgòlg guxoògr, ldpdklodklj ld` dstglj ld
S^D j SJQ\ ld` gux (pjst bgldr gux sd so`dkaogrç).
QJ@J
Qj`j dstd agkg`
D` njtñk QJ@J ds fros augklj kj dstï dk usj y gigro``j augklj dstç bukaojkgklj. Su`sd d` njtñk QJ@J sñ`j pgrg dsauamgr d` agkg` dk 'sj`j'.
Dk GETQ\DQ `g sd÷g` njtñk QJ@J sd pudldk lorofor g `js guroau`grds j pgrg `gs sgòlgs Igs- tdr + guroau`grds. \ginoïk mgy ljs ijljs dk
sjòtgroj5 QJ@J 7 (pu`sgklj uk njtñk QJ@J ldsgatovg uk sj`j gktdrojr) y QJ@J + (sj`js sjk gauiu`gtovjs y kj sd gku`gk gos`giodktjs
gktdrojrds). KJ\G5 Qo `g jpaoñk 'GT]' sd dstgn`dad pgrg d` pgrçidtrj ld sgòlg ld guroau`grds (GETQ\DQ), `g sgòlg ld guroau`grds kj rdb`degrç `g
sd`daaoñk Qj`j.
D` dkagiokgiodktj pjr ldbdatj ds 'SB@' (Srd Buklolj Dsauamgr. Qok dingrfj, Qj`js sd pudld ajkbofurgr pgrg GB@ (Ldspuïs ld Bgldr @ostdk) dk d` pgrçidtrj \OSJ
QJ@J dk ajkbofurgaoñk f`jng` (vïgsd `g sdaaoñk 73).
SGK / NG@GKAD
Geustd d` / ng`gkzg ld p`gto``js
SGK\G@@G LD AGKG@
kovd` ld bgldr kuiïroaj y Sgk
Iudstrg `g dktrglg ajij uk kovd` ld lN. \ginoïk iudstrg `g pjsoaoñk ld `g agadrj`g pjr trds sdfukljs ldspuïs ld qud d` ldsòzgljr sd iudvd `g agadrj`g.
KJIN^D LD@ AGKG@
Agkg` ld gaadsj sunidkõ, d` kjinrd ld` agkg` ld ldsp`gzgiod

dktj,
ktj, sd`daaoñk ld agkg`
D` kjinrd ld` agkg` ds pjr `j fdkdrg` uk kjinrd / ldsaropaoñk ld dsd agkg`. Sudld mgadr aòa dk `js kjinrds ld agkg`ds pgrg sd`daaoj
jkgr
kgr d` agkg`, mgfg
ljn`d aòa / pu`sd uk kjinrd ld agkg` pgrg or g `g pgktg``g ld dloaoñk pgrg dsd agkg`, j pudld `grfj Aòah / Su`sd dk uk kjinrd ld agkg` pgrg gaadldr g` agkg`
sunidkõ (vïgsd `g sdaaoñk <.1).
<.>5 Dktrglg5 IO] SÇFOKG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>.75 DK\^GLG QTN-IDKÕ
AGKG@DQ; DK\^GLG QTN-IDKT (RAG G÷glor ldspuïs ld Gsofkgaoñk ld Qun Frupj ld gfgrrd dk `g oigfdk)
Sjr `grfj aòa / rjsaglj dk uk kjinrd ld agkg` sd pudld gaadldr g` sunidkõ agkg` pgrg d` gaadsj g lovdrsjs pgrçidtrjs ld` agkg` ...
prdgeustds ld agkg`
^dajrlgr y fugrlgr `js geustds ld agkg`ds dktdrgs - ngkajs ld bçnroag y prdldbokoljs pjr d` usugroj.
^DNGT\OUG^
Aginod d` kjinrd ld` agkg`. D` kudvj kjinrd sd ijstrgrç dk `js agipjs Kjinrd ld agkg`.
Ajpogr / pdfgr GETQ\DQ

Ajpogr `js geustds ld` agkg` ld `g idsg ld trgngej. Jpaoñk G 'pdfgr `js vg`jrds' gpgrdadrç augklj sd`daaojkd jtrj idkõ sunagkg` ld dktrglg. Ttoòzgr
dsj pgrg pdfgr `js geustds ajpogljs g dsd agkg`.
F^TSJ QTN GQQOFK

D`dfor uk sunfrupj pgrg dstd agkg`. Sjr dedip`j, ds pjson`d qud ldsdd gsofkgr tjljs `js ioarñbjkjs ld` eudfj ld ngtdrég g uk sunfrupj 'Ngtdrég'. Tkg vdz
gsofkglj, `g rdeo``g ld `g gsofkgaoñk ld frupjs sun sdrç rddip`gzglj ajk ukg jpaoñk 'QTNF^TSJ TKGQQOFK'.
<.>.75 DK\^GLG QTN-IDKÕ

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>.>5 frupjs RAG
GQOFKG^ RAG
Frupjs RAG pdriotdk ajktrj`gr frupjs ld agkg`ds ld dktrglg ldsld ukg õkoag RAG Igstdr. Sjr dedip`j, sd pudld pjkdr tjlj d` hot ld ngtdrég ngej d`
ajktrj` ld uk sj`j RAG Igstdr, j so todkd uk iõ`top`ds ioarñbjkjs dk ukg rdl ld `g fuotgrrg d` grigroj d`ïatroaj pjlrég dstgn`dadr `gs rd`gaojkds ajk `js
agkg`ds oklovolug`ds y ùdfj ardgr ukg fuotgrrg RAG Igstdr - ijvdr d` RAG Igstdr Amgkkd` y tjljs `js kovd`ds Frupj iodinrjs sdrçk 'ajipdksgr' g `js
kovd`ds gatug`ds ld kovd` RAG Igstdr. D` To><^ ds agpgz ld gsofkgr RAG ldsld d` idkõ Idloljrds Qun j ld oklovoluj sunidkõ ld Agkg`.
ºAñij g÷glor / dòiokgr IODIN^JQ LD AGKG@DQ
RAG agkg`ds sd gsofkgk g trgvïs ld` idkõ didrfdktd gaadson`d igktdkodklj pu`sglj d` agkg` ldsoordl. \jljs `js aginojs sd pudldk mgadr g
trgvïs ld dstd idkõ.
RAG OKLOAGLJ^DQ LD NGKLG LD AGKG@

Okloagljr ld aj`jr pgrg d` pgkd` @AL agkg` vortug` sd vud`vd vdrld augklj RAG sd ldloag pgrg dsd agkg`. \ginoïk `g torg ld agkg` ijstrgrç R7-2 dk
bukaoñk vdrld dk d` aug` RAG sd ldloag.
RAG IT\D
Augklj iutd sd aj`jag dk uk igdstrj RAG, tginoïk sd so`dkaogk tjljs `js agkg`ds iodinrjs.
Q\D^DJ @OKH
Ardgr y agkg` dstïrdj ld ljs agkg`ds ijkj. Sgr / oipgr (@ / ^) pgrds dstçk vokau`gljs, pjr `j qud so sd vokau`g d` agkg` > (ldrdamg), sd ardgrç uk agkg`
dstïrdj ajk d` agkg` 7 (ozquodrlg).
AGKG@DQ ^DOKOAOJ
^dstgn`dadr agkg` dkvég uk agkg` ld rdtjrkj g su ajkbofurgaoñk prdldtdriokglg.
LD^^GID RAG
G` mgadr aòa dk `g pdstg÷g ld ldrrgids dk d` agkg` RAG, d` usugroj pudld gipògr tjlg `g dxtdksoñk ld RAG pgrg dsd agkg`.
<.>.>5 frupjs RAG

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>.15 IG\ÔU
IG\ÔU
G Igtrox pudld sdr idejr ldsarotj ajij uk idza`gljr dk d` oktdrojr ld` idza`gljr. Dk su bjrig içs soip`d, ukg igtroz mgad ukg sd`da- aoñk ld `gs dktrglgs
(kjrigìdktd ldrovglj ld` frupj y gutjnusds prokaopg`ds ld sgòlg) y pdriotd d` dkagiokgiodktj ld dsgs sd÷g`ds, ajip`dtj ajk ajktrj` ld kovd`, g ukg sdrod ld
sgòlgs.
@js sostdigs ld igtroz jbrdadk `g pjsonoòlgl ld d`dfor dktrd ukg vgrodlgl ld dktrglgs okaùydklj budktds dxtdrkgs, y d` prjadsgiodktj bokg` jbdrtg sof-
okaùydklj DW, ajiprdsoñk, pudrtg ld ruolj y rdtgrlj / rdvdrn. ajktronuaojkds
ajktronuaojkds ajsgs
AJK\ÔNTAOJKDQ IG\Ô]
Igtrox @gs ajktronuaojkds pudldk prjvdkor ld5 Dkvéjs
GT] Qun Frupjs
Igstdr @ / ^ (pudld sdr prd / pjst bgldr)

\dkfg dk audktg qud `gs sgòlgs ]@^ idloj qud sd gsofkg gutjiçtoagidktd g GT] 7/> j 7/> Igtrox todkd bo`trjs MSB y @SB qud pudldk sdr utoòzgljs ajij
aruads.
<.>.15 IG\ÔU
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.>.<5 idtrjs
ID\^JQ
@g pçfokg Idtrjs iudstrg tjlgs `gs `daturgs gatovgs agkg`ds idtrjs g `j `grfj ajk okloagljrds pgrg Iutd, Qj`j, <=R y ld
bgsd okvdrsg.
@js usugrojs pudldk mgadr aòa dk aug`quodr idloljr ld agkg` y sdrçk ``dvgljs g lordatgidktd g dsd agkg`. G`tdrkgtovgidktd, mgadr ljn`d aòa dk uk
agkg` ld dktrglg trgdrç `g pgrtd pjstdrojr ld` usugroj g `g pçfokg ld idloljrds.
Tk añlofj ld aj`jrds pgrg `js

okloagljrds ld <=R, Okvdrsd,
Iutd y Qj`j.
Ld uk vostgzj, d` usugroj pudld igktdkdr

uk jej dk `js kovd`ds içxoijs pgrg tjljs
`js agkg`ds
<.>.<5 idtrjs
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.15 dkvéjs guxoògrds
AGKG@DQ; Dkvéjs GT]O@OG^DQ
Qgòlgs guxoògrds (gnrdvogturg ld Guxoògr) sjk `gs sgòlgs dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ldrdamg ld` mgrlwgrd ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj. Dstgs sgòlgs todkdk aglg ukj su prjpog idza`g ld budktds ld
dktrglg, sdpgrgr ld `g idza`g igdstrg. Dk fdkdrg`, sgòlgs guxoògrds sd utoòzgk pgrg `js iõsoajs pgrg dsauamgr su prjpog idza`g dk d` dsadkgroj g trgvïs ld uk g`tgvjz ijkotjr ld
dsadkgroj j pgrg gipòboagljrds ld guroau`grds pgrg `g ijkotjrozgaoñk ok-dgr. G`tdrkgtovgidktd, `gs sgòlgs guxoògrds pudldk sdr dkvogljs g ukolglds ld dbdatjs dxtdrkjs ld mgrlwgrd.
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ ds ljkld sd ardgk `gs idza`gs gux - dstjs pudldk sdr pgrg sgòlgs ld ijkotjr, pjr B] dxtdrkj dkvég, y iuamj içs. Qd mgk ldloaglj sgòlgs dk
d` mgrlwgrd ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj. @js gtdkugljrds gux todkdk `ékdgs okloagljrgs ld kovd` kgrgkeg y ldtdriokgr `g agktolgl ld aglg agkg` ld dktrglg sd ajktronuyñ g`
nus guxoògr. To><^ todkd = nusds guxoògrds prokaopg` gvgo`gn`d._ju pudld vdr tjlgs `gs ajktronuaojkds gux ld uk sj`j agkg`, kgvdfgklj g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld dsd
agkg` y `g sd`daaoñk ld `g pgktg``g / pdstg÷g Dkvéjs GT]O@OG^DQ.
Qd`daaojkd `g pdstg÷g GT] qud ldsdg idza`gr (GT] 7 g GT] =), y ùdfj geustgr `js vj`õidkds ld agkg` (ajktronuaojkd
(ajktronuaojkdss ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg). D`
Bgldr GT] g `g ldrdamg (bgldr kgrgkeg) ds d` bgldr ld` agkg` igstdr guxoògr - d` vjùidk f`jng` ld sgòlg pgrg d` GT] idza`gr.
Igstdr guxoògr ldsòzgljrds ld agkg` sd pudldk vdr euktjs, yg sdg ajk d` njtñk GT] IGQ\D^Q dk d` pgkd` ld `g tgn`dtg vdrsoñk sòldJut, j ldsld `g jpaoñk QG@\J
G dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj. \ginoïk pudld ldsp`gzgrsd mgstg d` dxtrdij ld `g ldrdamg ld `g pçfokg ld` agkg` IO]. agkg`ds igstdr guxoògr
pudldk sdr rdkjinrgljs y dk`gzglj dk stdrdj (vïgsd içs gld`gktd).
Q\D^DJ GT]
Qtdrdj-grtoau`gr agkg`ds ds pjson`d tgktj pgrg d` agkg` ld dktrglg dkvég y `js Igdstrjs Gux. Sgrg `js guxoògrds ld dk`gad dstïrdj, utoòad d` agkg` sunidkõ
igstdr guxoògr (g `grfj aòa / tjqud dk d` kjinrd ld` agkg`).
Or g` idkõ didrfdktd Agkg` (mgfg aòa dk d` kjinrd ld` agkg` ld `grfj) pgrg gaadldr g `g bukaoñk Qtdrdj @okh. Augklj `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg > ijkj sjk dstïrdj-òfglj dk
`g pçfokg prokaopg` IO], dsjs agkg`ds tginoïk sdrçk dstïrdj-òfglj dk d` GT] dkvég `g pçfokg. (> agkg`ds pgkjrgiozglgs ozquodrlg y ldrdamg ajk ukg `ékdg ld dk`gad
vdrld dkaoig ld `g pgktg``g lN).
B] JK GT]
Ds pjson`d dkvogr B] g su idza`g gux. Rgyg mgstg d` bokg` ld `g òstg ld agkg`ds y vdrç d` B] ^D\T^K
^D \T^K bgldrs.Vmdk g÷glor d` B] dstç g÷glodklj ukg
sd÷g` f`jng` ld B] ld `g idza`g prokaopg`.
<.15 dkvéjs guxoògrds

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
I-GT] / AJS_ IO]

Ajpogr `g idza`g prokaopg` g dstg idza`g guxoògr
Dstd njtñk ajpog `gs pjsoaojkds ld `js ldsòzgljrds ld `g pçfokg ld `g idza`g y iudvd tjljs `js ldsòzgljrds ld dkvéj gux g `g iosig pjso- aoñk ld `js dkvéjs
guxoògrds pçfokg. Dstd ds uk puktj ld pgrtolg õto` pgrg idza`gr uk GT] ùfgr ld pgrtor ld qud tjljs `js bgldrs gngej.
Sudld pu`sgr dstd njtñk dk aug`quodr ijidktj so ustdl quodrd qud su ijkotjr ld idza`gr `gs pjsoaojkds ld` ldsòzgljr pgrg pgrdadrsd g `g idza`g prokaopg`. Sjr rgzjkds ld sdfurolgl, sd
rdquodrd `g ajkborigaoñk ld` usugroj.
S^D / SJQ\ (sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg)
Gux ajktronuaoñk ajkiutgljr ld agkg` ld dktrglg dktrd prd y pjst Budktds ld agkg`ds GT] sjk prd-bgldr pjr ldbdatj, ds ldaor, `js
gtdkugljrds ld vjùidk dk `g pçfokg IO] kj gbdatgk `js kovd`ds guxoògrds. Su`sd d` njtñk S^D pgrg aginogr `js agkg`ds oklovolug`ds g pjst
bgldr. Tkg pu`sgaoñk `grfg dk d` njtñk S^D / SJQ\ gnrd uk loç`jfj pgrg tjljs `js agkg`ds pgrg prd j pjst.
GT] QDKL IT\D (sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg)
Qo`dkaogr `g ajktronuaoñk ld` agkg` ld dktrglg g dstg idza`g guxoògr.
Qdpgrgr g `js iuljs agkg` ld dktrglg kjrig` - sñ`j gbdatg g `g ajktronuaoñk g `g idza`g guxoògr sd`daaojkglj.
S^D \^G\GIODK\J / SJQ\
Sdriotd `g sd`daaoñk pgrg prd j pjst-prjadsgiodktj ld` agkg` pgrg sdr dkvoglj g `g idza`g gux

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
AGKG@DQ; GT] SJS IDKÕ
prdgeustds ld agkg`
^dajrldijs y fugrlgr `js geustds dktdrjs GT] ld agkg` - Bçnroag y ngkajs ld prdsdts ld usugroj.
^DNGT\OUG^
Aginod d` kjinrd ld` agkg` GT]. D` kudvj kjinrd sd ijstrgrç dk `js agipjs Kjinrd GT].
Ajpogr / pdfgr GETQ\DQ

Ajpogr `js geustds ld` agkg` GT] g `g idsg ld trgngej. Jpaoñk G 'pdfgr `js vg`jrds' gpgrdadrç g` sd`daaojk
sd`daaojkgr
gr jtrj idkõ ld agkg`ds sun GT]. Ttoòzgr
dsj pgrg pdfgr `js geustds ajpogljs g dsd agkg` GT].
Q\D^DJ @OKH
agkg`ds ld dk`gad ld ljs GT] dk dstïrdj. Agkg`ds ozquodrlj y ldrdamj sd dkauglrgrç gutjiçtoagidktd ozquodrlg yg `g ldrdamg.
AGKG@DQ ^DOKOAOJ
^dstgn`dad agkg` g` geustd prdldtdriokglj.
OK\D^^TS\J^ LD IG\ÔU
Oktdrruptjr ld agkg` GT] sd`daaojkglj g ijlj ld Igtrox.
ajktronuaojkds GT] ld agkg` g ijlj ld sgòlg; @ékdg \jljs `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg, gui dk d` Igstdrs Ijlj Igtrox eufgljr y B]; GT],
sunfrupjs y Igdstrj Ozquodrlg / Ldrdamg
GQOFKGAOÑK LD IO QG@OLG
agkg`ds GT] sd pudldk gsofkgr ajij ijkotjr pdrsjkg` j ‐IO QG@OLG’ ld` idkõ ld` agkg` didrfdktd. Qñ`j uk ‐IO QG@OLG’ pudld sdr gsofkglj pjr d`
usugroj, pdrj `js usugrojs oklovolug`ds pudldk tdkdr lobdrdktds agkg`ds GT] dstgn`daoljs ajij su pdrsjkg` ‐Io JT\’. 'IO QG@OLG’tginoïk trgngej pgrg `js
agkg`ds dstïrdj vokau`gljs qud ds pdrbdatj pgrg `js ODI.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
DKRÉJQ GT]O@OG^DQ
Dk d` ijlj ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds @js dkvéjs guxoògrds pdstg÷g ijstrgrç `js agkg`ds sd`daaojkglg dkvég g tjljs GT] ld `g ardgaoñk ld uk puktj ld vostg ngsglj GT] agkg`
g`tdrkgtovj.

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.1.75 GT] IGDQ\^J
AGKG@DQ; GT] AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^
D` agkg` guxoògr Igstdr ds `g rutg ld sgòlg ld `js nusds Gux. Dk jtrgs pg`gnrgs, `g idza`g Gux 7 ld `gs ajktronuaojkds ld tjljs `js agkg`ds
ld dktrglg pgsg g trgvïs ld` agkg` igdstrj Gux 7 gktds ld sdr dkvoglj budrg ld `g bésoag Gux 7 ld sgòlg. To><^ todkd augtrj nusds
guxoògrds lospjkon`ds, y To><^ todkd sdos. @g içs g`tg ajk kõidrjs5 pgrds gux (1/< pgrg To><^ y 4/2 pgrg To><^) dstçk lospjkon`ds ajij
sgòlgs bésoags augklj `js td`ïbjkjs MDGL- JT\ jpaoñk sd dstgn`dad dk 'GT]' dk GETQ\DQ
Igstdr guxoògr agkg`ds todkdk sus prjpojs agkg`ds ld dloaoñk, ajk uk daugòzgljr frçboaj (Frgpmoa DW)
dk ùfgr ld uk daugòzglj
daugòzgljrr pgrgiïtroaj, y `g dòiokgaoñk ld `g rdgòidktgaoñk GBQ> lnx (vïgsd `g
sdaaoñk 4).
Sudld vdr tjljs `js agkg`ds igstdr guxoògr yg sdg dk `g pgktg``g IO] (ldsp`gzgiodktj g `g
ldrdamg) pgrg sd`daaojkgr GT] IGQ\D^Q pjr d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg j
ldsld d` sg`tj g` idkõ didrfdktd dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj.
\D@ÏBJKJ
\GN@D\G
<.1.75 GT] AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.<5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
AGKG@DQ; dkvéjs ld dbdatjs
B] DKRÉG bgldrs ldtdriokgk ajk dboagaog `g agktolgl ld dbdatj (rdtgrlj, rdvdrndrgaoñk, ajrj) dk aglg agkg` ld dktrglg. \rgngegk ajij dkvéjs guxoògrds dk d`
qud ukg idza`g ld `gs ajktronuaojkds ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg sd ardg dk d` B] dkvég `g pçfokg - ukg pgrg aglg prjadsgljr B]. Ldspuïs ld` prjadsgiodktj,
dsg idza`g sd ldvud`vd g trgvïs ld su prjpog B] agkg` ld rdtjrkj, qud bukaojkg ajij uk agkg` ld dktrglg - geustgr d` kovd` f`jng` ld `g idza`g ld dsd
prjadsgljr dk `g idza`g dstïrdj prokaopg`. D` agkg` ld rdtjrkj ld dbdatjs pgrg d` prjadsgljr ld dbdatjs sd`daaojkglj sd iudstrg dk `g vostg ld dkvéjs ld
dbdatjs, euktj g` agkg` prokaopg`.
\jljs `js agkg`ds ld rdtjrkj B] sd pudldk vdr yg sdg ldsp`gzçkljsd dk `g vostg prokaopg` ld idza`g, dk `g d`daaoñk ld `js rdtjrkjs ld dbdatjs ldsld d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d dk
d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg, j ldsld d` sg`tj g `g jpaoñk dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj.
Sudld vdr tjlgs `gs ajktronuaojkds ld B] ld uk sj`j agkg`, kgvdfgklj g `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld dsd agkg` y `g sd`daaoñk ld `g pgktg``g / pdstg÷g Dkvéjs
GT]O@OG^DQ.
Dk d` B] dkvég `g pçfokg, sd`daaojkd dk proidr ùfgr, qud d` dbdatj qud ldsdg geustgr usgklj `gs pdstg÷gs. Geustd `js ldsòzgljrds frosds pgrg guidktgr j losiokuor `g
ajktronuaoñk ld loamj agkg` g` prjadsgljr ld dbdatjs sd`daaojkglj. Geustd d` gtdkugljr B] ^D\T^K gzu` dtoqudtglg B]^ 7 ^DRD^N pgrg ajktrj`gr `g agktolgl tjtg` ld
rdvdrndrgaoñk dkajktrglg
dkajktrglg dk `g idza`g.
B] agkg` ld dktrglg @js dkvéjs sd pudldk so`dkaogr oklovolugìdktd dk d` B] dkvég ` g pçfokg.
KJ\G5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs sjk SJQ\ BGLD^, `j qud sofkoboag uk aginoj ld kovd` dk `g pçfokg prokaopg` ld idza`g gbdatg g` kovd` dkvoglg g` prjadsgljr ld
dbdatjs. Dstj gsdfurg qud `g ajktronuaoñk ld aglg agkg` ld dktrglg g` dkvéj ld dbdatjs ds sodiprd prjpjraojkg` g su oipjrtgkaog dk `g idza`g prokaopg`.
<.<5 dkvéjs ld dbdatjs

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.45 QTN F^TSJ IGDQ\^J
AGKG@DQ; F^TSJ QTN AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^ (< x Qun Frupjs)
Qo ustdl quodrd tdkdr d` ajktrj` sjnrd `g idza`g ld pdrausoñk, pjr dedip`j, pdrj tginoïk quodrdk ajktrj` ld dquoònroj sjnrd ukg sj`g ajktronuaoñk ld tjlj
d` hot g `g idza`g, sd utoòzgrég uk sunfrupj.
Augklj `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg sd gsofkgk g Qun Frupjs, yg sdg g trgvïs ld `g sun-idkõ ld agkg`ds ld dktrglg, j g trgvïs ld `g pgktg``g QTNQ dk `g
pçfokg ld` pgkd` / idtrjs, qud dstçk euktjs idza`gljs dk uk sj`j agkg` dstïrdj.
Qun frupj Igstdr agkg`ds todkdk sus prjpojs agkg`ds ld dloaoñk, ajij pjr aug`quodr jtrj agkg` ld dktrglg To.
F^TSJQ QTN GQQOFK

Qun frupjs sd gsofkgk g pjajs idtrjs; QTNQ
<.45 QTN F^TSJ AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.4.75 Rdr / frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj
AGKG@DQ; Rostg y `js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj
ROQ\G y `js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj

Mgy 2 Rdr y 2 frupjs Iutd lospjkon`ds pgrg `js usugrojs ld `g To><^. Dstjs sd pudldk kgvdfgr g trgvïs ld `g ngrrg `gtdrg` To><^. @js usugrojs
pudldk kjinrgr d` frupj, dstgn`dadr d` kõidrj ld frupj y d`didktjs ld` frupj ajk dstg pgktg``g.
F^TSJQ
IT\D Frupjs Rdr
<.4.75 Rdr / frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.25 agkg` igdstrj
AGKG@DQ; agkg` igdstrj
D` Igstdr Qtdrdj Amgkkd` ds d` agkg` ld sgòlg pgrg d` dstïrdj prokaopg` (ozquodrlj y ldrdamj) idza`gr - ldtdriokglj pjr d` agkg` ld dktrglg y ldsòzgljrds ld
agkg` ld rdtjrkj B] y ajktrj`ds / ng`gkzg ld p`gto``js. D` agkg` prokaopg` todkd sus prjpogs boamgs pçfokg ld dloaoñk, g` ofug` qud jtrjs agkg`ds (vïgsd `g sdaaoñk 4).
D` DW pgrg `js agkg`ds ld sgòlg To (okaùydklj Gux Igstdrs) ds uk daugòzgljr frçboaj (FDW) dk ùfgr ld uk daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj (agkg`ds ld dktrglg y
igdstrjs ld frupj ld sun).
D` gtdkugljr prokaopg` (igklj ld` ldsòzgljr rjej) ajktrj`g d` vjùidk ld sgòlg fdkdrg` ld su idza`gljr. D` ajkeuktj ld kovd` rdg` pjr d` gtdkugljr sd iudstrg dk `g
pgktg``g supdrojr dkaoig ld` bgldr dk lN (ldaondòjs).
Ijstrgr d Okloagljrds
Gsé ajij lN, dstg pgktg``g tginoïk todkd 1 okloagljrds õto`ds5
A@OS (A)
`d gvosg ld aug`quodr rdajrtd ld fgkgkaog ld dktrglg. Augklj ukg sd÷g` ld agkg` ld dktrglg dstç ldigsoglj
agòdktd y qud pudlgk dstgr lostjrsojkgklj, pu`sd dstg pgktg``g pgrg sg`tgr g `g pçfokg ld pgkd`. Dk sg`poagldrj,
pu`sd `g pg`gnrg fgkgkaog dk `g dsquokg supdrojr ldrdamg ld` ngkaj gbdatglj pjr `g lostjrsoñk, dktjkads rdluzag
d` ldsòzgljr ld agkg` ld fgkgkaog.
IT\D (I)
Dstj okloag qud uk agkg` dstç so`dkaoglj. Su`sd `g pgktg``g pgrg vdr `g okbjrigaoñk fdkdrg`
sg`poagldrj dk `g qud tjljs `js iuljs sjk voson`ds.
QJ@J (Q)
\D@ÏBJKJ Dstj okloag qud uk agkg` dstç dk d` ijlj dk sjòtgroj. Su`sd `g pgktg``g pgrg vdr `g okbjrigaoñk
fdkdrg` sg`poagldrj dk `g qud tjljs `js sj`js sjk voson`ds.
NG@GKAD (\gn`dt Qjbtwgrd)

D` bgldr Dquoònroj mjrozjktg` pdriotd qud d` vjùidk ld ozquodrlg y ldrdamg qud sd guidktg j
losiokuyd, pdrj `g idza`g ld ozquodrlg y ldrdamg ds aginoglj JKT. Ljn`d pu`sd d` ldsòzgljr ld
ng`gkad pgrg ldvj`vdr`j g `g pjsoaoñk adktrg`. Sgrg geustgr d` ng`gkad ld sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, pu`sd
ljs vdads d` kjinrd ld` agkg` prokaopg` pgrg gaadldr g su pçfokg ld dloaoñk.
B7 y B> (Njtjkds ld `g tgn`dtg Qjbtwgrd)

@g oigfdk iudstrg B7 y B> dstgn`dadk ajij S@G_ y ^DAJ^L ( To><^). B7 y B> sjk njtjkds
prjfrgign`ds qud sd pudldk utoòzgr pgrg i õ`top`ds jpaojkds. Dstgs jpaojkds sd pudldk
\GN@D\G
sd`daaojkgr dk GETQ\DQ; ajkbofu- rgaoñk. @gs jpaojkds sjk5 Kudvg okstgktçkdg, gatugòzgaoñk
okstgktçkdg gatug`, rdprjluaaoñk, frgngaoñk (To><^ õ`toig vdrsoñk ld` boriwgrd, To><^). Qo sd
sd`daaojkg d` rdfostrj, rdfostrj ld prdksg pgrg okoaogr `g frgngaoñk lordatgidktd dk d` lospjsotovj
TQN. D` njtñk ^DA rdsg`tgrç dk rjej. Ldnd tdkdr ukg idijrog TQN ijktglj pgrg mgadr ukg
frgngaoñk.
JQAT^J
Augklj sd iudstrg d` njtñk LOI sd gtdkugrç (rdluaor) d` kovd` ld sgòlg ld >3 lN, dstj sd utoòzg
fdkdrgìdktd augklj d` sdfuoiodktj dk d` dstuloj.
<.25 agkg` igdstrj

www.Igkug`sòn.aji
ug`sòn.ajiigkug`ds ld ijtjr ld nõsqudlg
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ <.2.75 IGDQ\^J QTNIDKÕ
AGKG@DQ; AMGKKD@ IGQ\D^; JS\OJK
Sjr `grfj pu`sgklj / rjsaglj dk uk Igdstrj d` kjinrd ld` agkg` sd pudld gaadldr g` sunidkõ ld Agkg` Igdstrj pgrg d` gaadsj g `g bukaoñk 'pusodrjk g
adrj' y d` Fdstjr ld geustds prddstgn`daoljs Agkg` Igdstrj.
Dstgn`dad dk adrj LN
Dstg ds ukg bjrig rçpolg ld dstgn`dadr d` kovd` ld bgldr ld agkg` pjstdrojr g adrj lN. Mgfg aòa y igktdkfg d` kjinrd ld` agkg` IGDQ\^J, g ajktokugaoñk, tjqud boeg dk adrj
LN.
S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ IGDQ\^J
Fugrlgr Agkg` Igdstrj ajkbofurgaojkds ajij prdldtdriokglgs. Õto` pgrg `g ajkstruaaoñk ld ukg nonòjtdag ld `g dtgpg bokg` ld prjadsgiodktj ld ijktgeds.
OUWTOD^LG ^D\^GQJ / LD^DAMG ^D\^GQJ

D` rdtrgsj pudld sdr aj`jaglj dk `js agkg`ds ld sgòlg ozquodrlj y ldrdamj pgrg pdriotor `g aj`jagaoñk ld `js g`tgvjads ldsofug` j mgnotgaojkds ld bjrigs orrdfu`grds. Mgfg aòa y igktdkfg
d` kjinrd ld` agkg` IGQ\D^ y ùdfj sd`daaojkd Ozquodrlg j rdtrgsgr d` ldrdamj y dktrgr dk d` vg`jr ijlg` ld dktrglg y mgfg aòa dk JH.
<.2.75 IGDQ\^J sunidkõ AGKG@
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.35 DLO\G^ AGKG@
DLO\G^ AGKG@
@g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ds d` puktj ld gaadsj nçsoaj pgrg d` prjadsgiodktj ld sd÷g`ds ngsglj dk agkg`5 DW, lokçioag, y B] y dkvéjs guxoògrds. D`
prjadsgiodktj y jpaojkds lospjkon`ds rdg`ds ldpdkldk ld` topj ld agkg`. D` agkg` sd`daaojkglj sd iudstrg g `g ozquodrlg ld `g pgktg``g ld
dloaoñk. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, `g pçfokg DLO\ prdldtdriokglj ds uk idloj ld puktjs ld vostgs içs ldtg``glgs y tginoïk jbrdad gaadsj g
`js pgrçidtrjs nçsoajs ld agkg` ajij / ng`gkzg ld p`gto``js, bgsd, gòidktgaoñk bgktgsig, y içs.
Dlotgr pçfokg GAADQJ
@g pçfokg DLO\ dstç lospjkon`d dk uk kõidrj ld lobdrdktds pgktg``gs ld sjbtwgrd ld TO. S grg sd`daaojkgr `g pçfokg dlotgr lordatgidktd j nodk mgfg aòa / pu`sd d` njtñk Dlotgr dk `g
proidrg `ékdg ld `g ngrrg ld kgvdfgaoñk (sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg) j sd`daaojkd `g jpaoñk ld idkõ DLO\G^ (sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj).
G`tdrkgtovgidktd, ustdl pudld5
• Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tjqud dk ukg fjrrg ld bgldr ld agkg` pgrg ldsp`gzgrsd mgstg d` agkg` ld dloaoñk ld sdpgrgljrds ijlj DW.
• Mgadr ljn`d aòa / fj`pdaotj dk `g dtoqudtg ld` agkg` (topjs ld agkg`ds5 Dktrglg, Dktrglg ld `ékdg, eufgljr, Qunfrupj, GT]) pgrg kgvdfgr mgstg `g pçfokg L_K pdstg÷g ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds
sd`daaojkglj.
• Mgadr ljn`d aòa / tjqud dk ukg dtoqudtg ld agkg` (topj ld agkg`5 B] ^D\T^K) pgrg kgvdfgr g` agkg` sd`daaojkglj pdstg÷g pçfokg DLO\ B] (B]) ld `js pgrçidtrjs f`jng`ds.
4.35 DLO\G^ AGKG@
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.75 LOFO\DAM
DLO\G^ AGKG@; LOFO\DAM
Lofo\dam prjadsgiodktj ld `g dktrglg y `g v ostg ld agkg`ds dstç lospjkon`d pgrg `js ljs proidrjs agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr To, d okaùyd Mo-U (g`tg oipdlgkaog ld
dktrglg) ld sd`daaoñk ld budktds tg`ds fuotgrrg-dktrglg lordatg poah-up. D` prjadsgiodktj ld Lofo\dam okaùyd ijld`glj ld gipòboagljrds5 diu`gaojkds ld
gipòboagljrds ld fuotgrrg (ajk pgrç- idtrjs gsjaogljs) y grigrojs. @g vostg Lofo\dam tginoïk pdriotd `g dloaoñk ld uk sj`j puktj ld vostg ld` agkg` sd`daaojkglj
jbrdad g trgvïs ld `js 'Egah-Sùf Njtjkds'. Kjtg5 Dstd ds uk soiu`gljr ld gipòboagljr, kj ds ukg agldkg ajip`dtg ld B].
GIS QD@DA\
D`dfor uk ijld`j ld gipòboagljr ld fuotgrrg
G` mgadr aòa j tjagklj aug`quodr puktj ld `g frçboag ld gipòboagljr ld fuotgrrg sd gnrorç uk idkõ didrfdktd ld ijld`js ld gipòboagljr ld fuotgrrg lospjkon`ds.
AGN QD@DA\
D`dfor uk ijld`j ld ageg ld g`tgvjz ld fuotgrrg
G` mgadr aòa j tjagklj aug`quodr puktj ld ` g frçboag ld `g agnokg ld fuotgrrg sd gnrorç uk idkõ didrfdktd ld ijld`js ld agnokg ld fuotgrrg lospjkon`ds.
MO-U JK / JBB
Forgr `g dktrglg Mo-U j ldsgatovgr
Qo ustdl todkd ukg budktd ld dktrglg qud rdquodrd ukg dktrglg ld g`tg oipdlgkaog - tg`ds ajij `g sgòlg lordatg ld `g fuotgrrg d`ïatroag ld` poah-up - g su vdz `g
jpaoñk Mo-U dk.
4.75 LOFO\DAM
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.75 LOFO\DAM
DLO\G^ AGKG@; LOFO\DAM
LOFO\DAM JK / JBB
Forgr d` prjadsgiodktj Lofo\dam j ldsgatovgr
Augklj d` prjadsgiodktj Lofo\dam dstç gpgfglj, d` agkg` vj`vdrç g su dtgpg ld dktrglg dstçklgr.
S^DGETQ\DQ
Gnrg `g fdstoñk S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ didrfdktd
Sudld fugrlgr y agrfgr geustds ld prdsdts pgrg d` prjadsgiodktj ld Lofo\dam d` usj ld dstd didrfdktd.
AJK\^J@DQ GIS
Geustd `g ajkbofurgaoñk ldtg``glg pgrg d` ijld`j ld gipòboagljr sd`daaojkglj
@js ajktrj`ds okaùydk FGOK, @DRD@, NGQQ, IOL, y gfuljs. Ttoòad d` ajktrj` FGOK pgrg sgturgr d` ijld`j ld gipòboagljr.
AJK\^J@DQ LD AGKG@
vostg ld dloaoñk oklovolug` ld `js ajktrj`ds ld agkg` ld dktrglg sd`daaojkglj
sdaaojkds ld agkg` ld dktrglg lospjkon`ds sjk5 B], bo`trj ld pgsj g`tj, bo`trj ld iudsag, Ajiprdsjr, Sudrtg
4.75 LOFO\DAM
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.>5 pgrgiïtroaj DW
DLO\G^ AGKG@; daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj
DW geustg `g gipòtul ld ukg sd÷g` ld guloj g brdaudkaogs pgrtoau`grds. agkg`ds To ld dktrglg, agkg`ds ld B] ld rdtjrkj y agkg`ds igdstrjs
Qun frupj todkdk uk daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj ld augtrj ngklgs, gldiçs ld bo`trj ld pgsj g`tj (MSB), y uk Ld-Dssdr ajktrj`gljs ldsld `g iosig
pgktg``g. @g pgktg``g tginoïk okajrpjrg uk jpaojkg` \odipj rdg` Gkg`yzdr (^\G), qud iudstrg ukg vostg dspdatrg` ld `g sd÷g` dktrgktd. Gldiçs,
d` daugòzgljr sd pudld aginogr g ukg ld trds ngklgs (brdaudkaog boeg, boeg W) 'Dgsy
' Dgsy DW'.
Dgsy DW JK / JBB
Forgr bukaoñk Dgsy DW j ldsgatovgr
Dgsy DW ds ukg ld trds ngklgs, br daudkaog boeg, ijlj W boeg ajk ukg ngklg ld agipgkg ld` idloj, içs ngejs y ngklgs ld dstgktdrégs g`tgs. Bçao` ld ajkiutgaoñk DW
JBB ajksdrvg `g 'aurvg' dk d` daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj, sok dingrfj, forj s dkao``j DW JK rdstgn`dad `g aurvg ld ajrrodktd ldnolj g `js geustds ld` daugòzgljr
pgrgiïtroaj kj sd pudldk gsofkgr g` bjrigtj daugòzgljr bçao`.
^\G - Gkgòzgljr dk \odipj ^dg`
Forgr bukaoñk ^\G dkadklolj j gpgfglj
@g pgktg``g iudstrg ukg vostg ^\G dspdatrg` dk todipj rdg` ld guloj dktrgktd. Dstj g vdads ds õto` pgrg jrodktgr `gs agrgatdréstoags dspdaéboags ajk ngklgs
ld daugòzgaoñk rçpolgidktd. \dkfg dk audktg qud `g ^\G sñ`j sd gatovg dk uk agkg` g `g vdz. Qo gatovglg sd ldsgatovgrç ^\G gatovg ld aug`quodr jtrj
agkg` (dk jtrjs aòdktds)
LD-DQQD^ JK / JBB
Ajkvdrtor d` prjadsgiodktj ld Ld-Dssdr dkadklolj j gpgfglj
Augklj dstç gpgfglj, kokfukg nj`g Ld-Dssdr grrgstrgn`d sd ijstrgrç dk `g oktdrbgz ld DW frçboaj prokaopg`.
4.>5 pgrgiïtroaj DW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
^DOKOAOG^
^dstgn`dadr d` daugòzgljr g `js vg`jrds prdldtdriokgl

prdldtdriokgljs
js
D` DW sd pjkd 'p`gkg', y `g brdaudkaog y `js vg`jrds W sd rdstgn`dadk g `js vg`jrds prdldtdriokgljs.
LDÔRGAOÑK
Nypgss `g sdaaoñk DW ld prjadsgiodktj ld agkg`
Dstd ajktrj` kj pgsg sñ`j d` daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj.

pgrgiïtroaj. prjadsgiodktj MSB y Ld-Dssdr kj sd vd gbdatglg.
DW / LD-DQQD^ BGLD^ LD AJK\^J@
Dòeg DW j Ld-Dssdr ajktrj` ld dquoònroj
@js ajktrj`ds pgrg d` qud dstï sd`daaojkglj sd gsofkgk g `js trds ldsòzgljrds ld ajktrj`. Sgrg DW, `js gtdkugljrds iudstrgk vg`jrds pgrg `g ngklg sd`daaojkglg
gatugìdktd.
LQ - NJ@G LD-DQQD^
Grrgstrgn`d frçboaj 'nj`g' pgrg d` ajktrj` ld Ld-Dssdr
Grrgstrd dstd d`didktj frçboaj ld ajktrj`. G^ÔNG / GNGEJ geustg Tinrg`, OUWTOD^LG / LD^DAMG sd geustg `g brdaudkaog8 utoòzgr ukg pozag-fdstj j ldsp`gzgiodktj ld`
rgtñk rudlgs / postg-pgl dk nj`g LD-DQQD^ pgrg geustgr d` v g`jr ld `g rd`gaoñk. Mgfg ljn`d aòa / tgp pgrg rdstgn`dadr.
7/>/1/< - DW NGKL NG@@

Grrgstrgn`d frçboaj 'nj`g' pgrg d` ajktrj` ld ngklgs ld daugòzgaoñk
Grrgstrd dstd d`didktj frçboaj ld ajktrj`. G^ÔNG / GNGEJ geustg `g fgkgkaog, ozquodrlg / ldrdamg geustg `g brdaudkaog8 utoòzgr uk fdstj pd`òzajs d okaùsj ld ldsp`gzgiodktj ld` rgtñk
rudlgs / postg-pgl dk `g nj`g ld daugòzgaoñk pgrg geustgr d` vg`jr 'W'. Mgfg ljn`d aòa / frobj pgrg rdstgn`dadr ukg ngklg oklovolug`.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
NJ@G MSB / @SB
Grrgstrgn`d frçboaj 'nj`g' ld pgsj g`tj y ld pgsj ngej ajktrj`ds ld bo`trj
Grrgstrd dstd d`didktj frçboaj ld ajktrj`. Ozquodrlg / Ldrdamg geustg `g brdaudkaog ld ajrtd. Mgfg ljn`d aòa / tgp pgrg rdstgn`dadr. @glj ldrdamj ld `g pdklodktd ld `g
pgktg``g iudstrg sd`daaojkgn`ds.
Ajktrj` ld `g pdklodktd ld MSB / @SB

Ld pgsj g`tj y ld bo`trglj ld pgsj ngej dstç lospjkon`d pgrg `js usugrojs To><^ y ds gaadson`d g trgvïs ld` daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj. Sgsj G`tj sofkoboag qud sñ`j
pdriotd `gs brdaudkaogs içs g`tgs pgrg eufgr g trgvïs, idlojs ld pgsj ngej sñ`j pdriotd brdaudkaogs içs ngegs pgrg eufgr g trgvïs. Idlogktd d` usj ld dstjs ljs
bo`trjs dk d` daugòzgljr pgrgiït
pgrgiïtroaj,
roaj, d` usugroj pudld glgptgr d` sjkolj g sus dspdaéboags g`tdrg ajktrj` ld pdklodktd SG sdtup.\md d` frglj ld bo`trgaoñk.
TIN^G@ LD-DQQD^
ajktrj` ld Bgldr ld Ld-Dssdr Tinrg`
uinrg` ld-Dssdr ds d` kovd` dk d` qud d` Ld-Dssdr ajiodkzg g gtdkugr `g ngklg ld 'dss'. S grg gaadldr g `g dssdr gtdkugljr ajktrj`ds ld sjbtwgrd ld`
td`ïbjkj, pu`sd d` njtñk AJKBOFT^GAOÑK LD-DQQD^.
^D@GAOÑK LD-DQQD^
ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld `g rd`gaoñk ld Ld-Dssdr
Ld-Dssdr ^gtoj ds `g agktolgl dk qud sd gtdkõg `g ngklg 'dss' augklj d` kovd` ld guloj aruzg d` uinrg`. Sgrg gaadldr g `g Ld-Dssdr gtdkugljr
ajktrj`ds ld sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, pu`sd d` njtñk AJKBOFT^GAOÑK LD-DQQD^
LD-DQQD^..
B^DATDKAOG LD-DQQD^
ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld Ld-Dssdr Brdaudkaog
Ldtdriokg `g brdaudkaog adktrg` ld` bo`trj lokçioaj Ld-Dssdr - `g brdaudkaog dk `g qud sd adktrg d` prjadsj ld ld-dssdr. Sgrg gaadldr g `g Ld-Dssdr
gtdkugljr ajktrj`ds ld sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, pu`sd d` njtñk AJKBOFT^GAOÑK LD-DQQD^.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
DW W
ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld DW 'W'
W ds dbdatovgidktd ukg idlolg ld añij ds g`tj y ld`fglj `g bjrig ld agipgkg ld `g ngklg DW - Augktj idkjr sdg d` W, d` gkamj ld ngklg içs gipòj sdg d` gbdatglj,
y voadvdrsg. ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld DW sñ`j dstç lospjkon`d ajk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg. Ljn`d aòa / tgp pgrg rdstgn`dadr.
DW FGOK
ajktrj` ld Bgldr ld DW Fgok
@g agktolgl dk `g qud `g ngklg ld daugòzgaoñk sd`daaoj

jkglg
kglg ds oipu`sglj j gtdkuglg. ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld DW sñ`j dstç lospjkon`d ajk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg.
Mgfg ljn`d aòa / tgp pgrg rdstgn`dadr.
B^DATDKAOG DW
ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld` daugòzgljr ld ngklg ld brdaudkaog
ajktrj` ld dquoònroj ld DW sñ`j dstç lospjkon`d ajk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg. Mgfg ljn`d aòa / tgp pgrg rdstgn`dadr.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.15 F^GSMOA DW
DLO\G^ AGKG@; DW F^ÇBOAJ
To Gux agkg`ds Dkvogr Igdstrg y d` dstïrdj Agkg` Igdstrj okajrpjrgk daugòzgljr frçboaj (FDW) dk ùfgr ld` daugòzgljr pgrgiïtroaj
ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg. Dstj okaùyd 17 ngklgs ld brdaudkaog boeg (qud ds pjson`d ldsp`gzgrsd pjr `g pgktg``g) ajk geustgn`d rdgàd /
ajrtd. Gldiçs, `g pgktg``g FDW lg gaadsj g` trgtgiodktj lnx GBQ> (suprdsoñk ld rdgòidktgaoñk gutjiçtoag).
gutjiçtoag). @g pgktg``g tginoïk
okajrpjrg uk jpaojkg` \odipj rdg` Gkg`yzdr (^\G), qud iudstrg ukg vostg dspdatrg` ld `g sd÷g` dktrgktd.
MSB / @SB
@gs sgòlgs prokaopg`ds y Gux / Igtrox Jut 7/>
MSB y @SB sd pudldk grrgstrgr g `js puktjs ld aruad ld ajkbofurgaoñk y bo`trjs
^\G
Gatovgr `g bukaoñk Gkgòzgljr dk \odipj ^dg`
@g pgktg``g iudstrg ukg vostg ^\G dspdatrg` dk todipj rdg` ld guloj dktrgktd. Dstj g vdads ds õto` pgrg jrodktgr `gs agrgatdréstoags dspdaéboags ajk ngklgs ld
daugòzgaoñk rçpolgidktd.
^DOKOAOG^
^dstgn`dadr d` FDW g 'p`gkj'

4.15 F^GSMOA DW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.15 F^GSMOA DW
DLO\G^ AGKG@; DW F^ÇBOAJ
LDÔRGAOÑK
Nypgss d` prjadsgiodktj FDW
lnx GBQ> S^DSG^G^
Okstg`gr y jpdrgr d` sostdig ld dòiokgaoñk ld agptgaoñk dk dstd gutjnõs. Qñ`j lospjkon`d ajk d`
sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg. Rïgsd `g sdaaoñk 4.1.7 pgrg içs ldtg``ds.
S^DGETQ\DQ
Fugrlgr / prdgeustds ld` daugòzgljr frçboaj ld agrfg
D` rdsu`tglj sdrç ukg fdstoñk prddstgn`daolj auglrj ld pjp-up dstçklgr.
Ldsp`gzgiodktj ld `g pgktg``g
Dk dsjs dsadkgrojs dk `js qud `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj ds okagpgz ld glgptgrsd g `g daugòzgljr frçboaj ajip`dtj. Qd pudld gaadldr ldsp`gzçkljsd g `j `grfj ld
`js pgrçidtrjs pgrg mgadr usj ld tjlg `g fgig ld brdaudkaogs.
MSB y @SB
D` daugòzgljr frçboaj ld GT] / Igtroa 7 y > y Igstdr budrg sd pudld utoòzgr pgrg dstgn`dadr brdaudkaogs ld ajrtd pgrg `js agkg`ds Gux / Igstdr.
4.15 F^GSMOA DW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.1.75 GBQ>
DLO\G^ AGKG@; DW F^ÇBOAJ; GBQ>
GBQ> ds uk sostdig ld suprdsoñk ld rdgòidktgaoñk qud utoòzg LN] 7> bo`trjs oktdòfdktds pgrg ldtdatgr y dòiokgr `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk ld tjlj d`
dspdatrj ld guloj. Sudld dstgn`dadr GBQ> grrong dk `g sgòlg dstïrdj prokaopg` y / j nus GT] agkg`ds igfostrg`ds ld kgvdfgr g `g pgktg``g ld dloaoñk
ld` agkg` y sd`daaojkgklj `g pdstg÷g DW.
GBQ> bukaojkg dk ljs ijljs. ijlj boejsd utoòzg pgrg 'sjkgklj' uk sostdig ld gktds ldukg gatugaoñk pgrg fgrgktozgr d` içxoij dspgaoj pgrg `g agndzg. Ijlj
vovj,gatugòzg ajktokugidktd `g aj`jagaoñk ld` bo`trj y sd utoòzg lurgktdukg gatugaoñk.
@js bo`trjs gatovjs sjk içs oktdòfdktds qud `js bo`trjs boejs. \odkdk `g agpgaolgl ld ldtdatgr `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk ldktrj ld` igtdrog` ld prjfrgig ajip`dej. Dstj
`gs mgad oldg`ds pgrg prjtdfdr d` sostdig ld rdtrjgòidktgaoñk g idlolg qud aginogk `gs ajkloaojkds lurgktd `g gatugaoñk. @js bo`trjs gatovjs tginoïk pudldk
ldtdatgr augklj yg kj sjk kdadsgrojs y rdtorgrsd ld `g agldkg, `g rdstgurgaoñk dbdatovg boldòlgl sjkjrg y `g òndrgaoñk ld `js bo`trjs gatovjs pgrg su usj dk jtrjs
ùfgrds.
Dk bukaojkgiodktj kjrig`, `j mgrég ld ajkbofurgaoñk ld GBQ > dk d` ijlj boej gktds ld ukg gatugaoñk, g ajktokugaoñk, aginogr g` ijlj ld vovor pgrg d` ldsdipd÷j rdg`.
D` sostdig ld sjkolj ld toinrd

bo`trjs boejs sd dstgn`dadk gktds ld ukg gatugaoñk dk uk prjadsj ``giglj 'sjkgklj uk sostdig'. Dstj sd mgad ldspuïs ld tjlj jtrj sostdig ld daugòzgaoñk sd mg
rdgòzglj. Qjkgklj d` sostdig ld sjkolj pgrg `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk gktds ld usgr `d pdriotd dxproior içs fgkgkaog budrg ld` sostdig gktds ld` okoaoj ld `g rdgaaoñk y
pudld gyulgr g gsdfurgrsd ld qud kj drds eustj dk d` njrld ld `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk lurgktd d` usj ld` sostdig.
lnx GBQ> S^DSG^G^
Okstg`gr y jpdrgr d` sostdig ld dòio kgaoñk ld agptgaoñk dk dstd gutjnõs. Tk auglrj ld loç`jfj sd gnrorç
ajk `gs jpaojkds ld ajkbofurgaoñk.
bo`trjs quotgr
@oipogr `js bo`trjs GBQ> pgrg ukg kudvg gatugaoñk / pudstg g puktj
\jljs `js bo`trjs kdadsotgk sdr òipoglj gktds ld `j kjrig` pudstg g puktj. Qok dingrfj, tginoïk pudld rdstgn`dadr `js bo`trjs boejs dk lordatj y ld bjrig okldpdklodktd, ldpdklodklj ld
`g kdadsolgl.
4.1.75 GBQ>
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.1.75 GBQ>
DLO\G^ AGKG@; DW F^ÇBOAJ; GBQ>
GBQ> IJLJ
Dòeg @ORD, boej j @JAH
Ijlj boej ds ld pudstg g puktj gktds ld `g gatugaoñk, d` ijlj dk lordatj ds pgrg su usj lurgktd `g dedauaoñk, y dvotg d` n`jqudj aginog g` dstglj
gatug` ld bo`trjs.
QDKQONO@OLGL
Geustd d` kovd` ld dktrglg ld `g gòidktgaoñk ld` ldtdatjr GBQ> y mgadr GBQ> içs j idkjs prjpdksj g igragr ukg sd÷g` ajij rdtrjgòidktgaoñk.
G` dstgn`dadr dstd pgrçidtrj g`tg pdriotorç GBQ> pgrg ldtdatgr `g rdtrjgòidktgaoñk y `g iudsag g agnj ajk igyjr rgpoldz. Sjr d` ajktrgroj, pjkoïklj`j ngej mgrç qud
GBQ> g sdr uk pjaj içs rdgaojs g dstgn`dadr uk bo`trj dk `gs vjtgaojkds mgstg qud ``dfg g uk kovd` içs g`tj.
DKADKLOLJ GSGFGLJ
Dkaodklg d` prjadsj GBQ>.
Ldnd gsdfurgrsd ld qud GBQ ds d` oktdrruptjr JK pgrg utoòzgr d` prjadsj.
Igkug` GBQ> Sudstg dk igramg dk d` ijlj BOEG (ad`dnrg d` bok ld` sostdig)
7) Gsdfõrdsd ld qud sd njrrgk tjljs `js bo`trjs y dstgn`dadr d` prjadsj GBQ> g nypgss usgklj d` njtñk gzu` ld ldrovgaoñk.
>) ^dgòzgr ukg prudng ld sjkolj y ardgr ukg idza`g dk nrutj ld tjljs `js ioarñbjkjs qud dstgrçk gatovgs lurgktd `g gatugaoñk. \jid kjtg ld `g pjsoaoñk ld` gtdkugljr ld
sgòlg pgrg d` igdstrj j igdstrg gux dstïrdj qud dstçk sjkgklj mgaog budrg - su jnedtovj fgkgk sdrç ld g`rdldljr ld 4 lN pjr dkaoig ld dstd (vdr pgsj 2).
1) Qo `gs pudrtgs ld ruolj sd utoòzgk dk `js ioarñbjkjs gatovjs - okaùydklj prjadsgljrds ld dbdatjs, ldktrj ld nypgss gktds ld sjkgr d` sostdig. Sudld
vj`vdr g gatovgr`js ukg vdz qud d` prjadloiodktj ld sgòlg ld` gko``j ds ajip`dtg.
<) \dkdr d` eudfj iõsoajs pgrglg y ngegr ajip`dtgidktd `js gtdkugljrds ld nus igdstrj. KJ\G5 Augklj sjkgklj d` sostdig dk ijlj boej, aug`quodr sjkolj sjstdkolj
ldtdatglj pjr GBQ> gatovgrç bo`trjs boejs g dstgn`dadr. Sjr `j tgktj, gsdfõrdsd ld qud `js ioarñbjkjs dstçk gatovjs, pdrj kj mgy kokfukg sd÷g` gprdaogn`d prdsdktd dk `js
ioarñbjkjs.
4) Gsdfõrdsd ld qud `js iõsoajs kj dstçk eufgklj, g ajktokugaoñk, dstgn`dzag d` pgrçidtrj IJLJ LD BO@\^J g boej.
2) Tk-ny-pgss d` prjadsj GBQ> ùdfj sunor `dktgidktd d` bgldr prokaopg` mgstg ``dfgr g su jnedtovj ld fgkgkaog (qud sd ldsarond dk d` pgsj >)
j sd qudlg sok `js bo`trjs ld ijlj boej, `j qud jaurrg proidrj.
6) Ngegr `g pgrtd pjstdrojr ld` bgldr nus igdstrj g kovd` ld rdkloiodktj.
=) Geustd d` pgrçidtrj IJLJ LD BO@\^J pgrg vovor. D` sostdig dstç gmjrg òstj pgrg su usj y `js bo`trjs lospjkon`ds dk vovj dstgrçk lospjkon`ds pgrg `g suprdsoñk ld
rdtrjgòidktgaoñk sjnrd `g igramg lurgktd `g gatugaoñk.
GBQ> todkd uk gliokostrgljr ldloaglj prddstgn`daolj idlogktd d` aug` `js usugrojs agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / prdgeustds GBQ> Dòiokgr pgrg idlojs TQN ajkdatgljs.
Sgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / njrrgr GBQ> ld idijrog5
Rgyg g aug`quodr GT] j `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk IGQ\D^ DW

-- Aòah / pu`sd d` njtñk AJKBOFT^GAOÑ
AJKBOFT^GAOÑK
K GBQ>
- Aòah / pu`sd sjnrd d` njtñk S^DQD\Q dkaudktrg dk d` adktrj ld `g pgktg``g ld bo`trj ijlg` GBQ>
- Ttoòzgr d` fdstjr ld S^DQD\Q pgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / prdgeustds GBQ> Dòiokgr pgrg idlojs TQN ajkdatgljs
4.1.75 GBQ>
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.<.75 FG\D
DLO\G^ AGKG@; FG\D
@g sdaaoñk To><^ Fgtd ds gaadson`d g trgvïs ld `g pdstg÷g Dlotgr dk `g ngrrg ld mdrrgiodktgs supdrojr. Tkg Sudrtg ds uk prjadsj ld rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog
uinrg` oipu`sglg kjrigìdktd sd utoòzg pgrg gtdkugr ukg sd÷g` augklj su kovd` agd pjr ldngej ld` uinrg`. Ajkbofurgaoñk ld` uinrg` eustj pjr dkaoig ld uk
ruolj ld bjklj j ruolj ld bjklj, pjr dedip`j, pdriotorç g `g pudrtg pgrg gtdkugr `g budktd lurgktd pdrojljs dk `js qud `g dktrglg prokaopg` (vjz, okstruidktj, dta.)
dstç dk so`dkaoj.
Sudrtg ld agpturg ld pgktg``g
@ÉIO\D
Geustgr d` uinrg` ld `g pudrtg
@g vdrsoñk ld `g tgn`dtg ld` sjbtwgrd okaùyd uk gtdkugljr TIN^G@ mjrozjktg`. Sudld grrgstrgr `g nj`g gkgrgkeglg ld `g '\' dk d` frçboaj ld `g lokçioag dk
gings vdrsojkds ld td`ïbjkjs y tgn`dtgs.
G\GWTD
Geustgr d` gtgqud ld `g pudrtg
D` todipj ld gtgqud ajktrj`g `g vd`jaolgl ld `g gpdrturg ld `g pudrtg. D` todipj dstç dk ioarjsdfukljs, idkjs ld uk sdfuklj. Tkg pudrtg qud sd gnrd
ldigsoglj rçpolj dk ukg sd÷g` ld gtgqud `dktj pudld prjluaor uk sjkolj ld aòa. @g sjùaoñk içs sdkao``g ds dxtdkldr d` todipj ld gtgqud mgstg qud
ldsgpgrdzag d` sjkolj ld aòa. Ajksoldrd todipjs iuy rçpoljs ld gtgqud pgrg okstruidktjs ld pdrausoñk y todipjs içs `dktjs (73 is j içs) pgrg tjlj `j
ldiçs.
QJQ\DKD^
Geustgr d` todipj ld dspdrg.
D` todipj ld rdtdkaoñk ds d` todipj iékoij qud `g pudrtg sd igktodkd gnodrtg. todipj ld igktdkoiodktj g idkulj sd dstgn`dad dk uk iékoij ld >3-13 ioòsdfukljs pgrg
dvotgr d` tgn`dtdj. Amgttdr ds `g ajkstgktd gpdrturg y aodrrd ld ukg pudrtg ldnolj g uk kovd` ld sd÷g` ld g`tg vd`jaolgl bùatugktd.
4.<.75 FG\D
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
DLO\G^ AGKG@; LOKÇIOAG
S^JBTKLOLGL
Geustgr `g prjbuklolgl ld `g pudrtg
@GKUGIODK\J
Geustd `g pudrtg ld sgòlg
Dstg ds `g vd`jaolgl g `g qud `g pudrtg vud`vg g 'sok gtdkugaoñk' ldspuïs ld qud d` kovd` ld `g sd÷g` mg agélj pjr ldngej ld` kovd` ld uinrg`.
FÎ - IDLOAOÑK
idloaoñk ld rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog
Mgy trds idtrjs5 Qd÷g` ld dktrglg, `g sd÷g` ld sgòlg, y uk idloljr qud iudstrg `g agktolgl ld gtdkugaoñk qud sd gpòag gatugìdktd ldnolj g `g
lokçioag ld prjadsgiodktj.
prjadsgiodktj.
^DOKOAOG^
^dstgn`dadr `g lokçioag ld dstd agkg` g vg`jrds pjr ldbdatj
LDÔRGAOÑK
Nypgss `g lokçioag ld dstd agkg`
Qjbt hkdd / mgrl hkdd
Ajkeuktj ld ajlj sugvd j d` ijlj ld ajlj lurj pgrg d` ajiprdsjr
Dstj ldtdriokg añij sd oktdrprdtg kovd` ld uinrg`. MG^L idlojs ijlj ld ajlj qud d` uinrg` rdprdsdktg ukg trgksoaoñk gnruptg. idlojs ld
grtoau`gaoñk sugvd qud rdprdsdktg ukg trgksoaoñk frglug`.

4.<.75 FG\D
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
DLO\G^ AGKG@; LOKÇIOAG
S^DGETQ\DQ
Fugrlgr / agrfgr prdgeustds Lykgioas

4.<.75 FG\D
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.<.>5 AJIS^DQJ^
DLO\G^ AGKG@; Ajiprdsjr
@g sdaaoñk To><^ ajiprdsjr ds gaadson`d g trgvïs ld `g pdstg÷g Dlotgr dk `g ngrrg ld mdrrgiodktgs supdrojr. Tk ajiprdsjr ds uk prjadsj oipu`sglj uinrg`
utoòzglj pgrg rdluaor d` rgkfj lokçioaj ld ukg sd÷g` idlogktd `g gpòagaoñk ld rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog augklj d` kovd` ld `g sd÷g` dxadld d` uinrg` y `g
gpòagaoñk ld 'fgkgkaog ld igquo``ged' pgrg igktdkdr d` Ajksostdktd kovd` fdkdrg`. Sudld utoòzgr `g ajiprdsoñk pgrg guidktgr d` vjùidk gpgrdktd ld ukg
sd÷g` sok guidktgr d` kovd` ld poaj, j pgrg ajktrj`gr `gs budktds dxadsovgidktd lokçioajs.
Ajiprdsjr Qarddk Frgn
@ÉIO\D
Geustgr d` uinrg` ld` ajiprdsjr
@g vdrsoñk ld `g tgn`dtg ld` sjbtwgrd okaùyd uk gtdkugljr TIN^G@ mjrozjktg`. Sudld grrgstrgr `g nj`g gkgrgkeglg ld `g '\' dk d` frçboaj ld `g lokçioag
dk gings vdrsojkds ld td`ïbjkjs y tgn`dtgs. Dstj sd rdbodrd g quï tgk budrtd ds `g sd÷g` gktds ld gpòagr `g ajiprdsoñk.
G\GWTD
Geustgr d` gtgqud ld` ajiprdsjr
@js ajktrj`ds ld todipj ld gtgqud ld `j rçpolj qud sd kdadsotg pgrg qud d` ajiprdsjr trgngej. D` todipj dstç dk ioarjsdfukljs, idkjs ld uk sdfuklj.
S^JSJÂOÑK
Geustgr `g rd`gaoñk ld ajiprdsoñk
@g agktolgl ld ajiprdsoñk sd gpòag. Sjr dedip`j, so `g rd`gaoñk ld ajiprdsoñk sd dstgn`dad pgrg 25 7, `g sd÷g` ld dktrglg tdklrç qud aruzgr d` uinrg`
pjr 2 lN pgrg d` kovd` ld sgòlg g uk guidktj ld 7 lN.
4.<.>5 AJIS^DQJ^
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.<.>5 AJIS^DQJ^
DLO\G^ AGKG@; Ajiprdsjr
@GKUGIODK\J
Geustd `g sgòlg ld` ajiprdsjr
ºWuï tgk prjktj ldspuïs ld `gs agélgs ld sd÷g` pjr ldngej ld` uinrg` pgrg d` ajiprdsjr.
FGKGKAOG
Geustgr `g fgkgkaog ld` ajiprdsjr
@d pdriotd guidktgr `g sd÷g` ajiproiolg. ajij `g ajiprdsoñk g idkulj gtdkõg `g sd÷g` sofkoboagtovgidktd
QJQ\DKD^
Geustgr d` todipj ld dspdrg.
D` todipj ld rdtdkaoñk ds d` todipj iékoij qud `g pudrtg sd igktodkd gnodrtg. todipj ld igktdkoiodktj g idkulj sd dstgn`dad dk uk iékoij ld >3-13 ioòsdfukljs pgrg
dvotgr d` tgn`dtdj. Amgttdr ds `g ajkstgktd gpdrturg y aodrrd ld ukg pudrtg ldnolj g uk kovd` ld sd÷g` ld g`tg vd`jaolgl bùatugktd.
S^DGETQ\DQ
Fugrlgr / agrfgr prdgeustds Lykgioas

4.<.>5 AJIS^DQJ^
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.45 GT] / B] DKRÉG
DLO\G^ AGKG@; GT] / B] DKRÉG
D` GT] y dkvéjs ld dbdatjs pdstg÷gs dk `g pgktg``g ld dloaoñk sjk ukg igkdrg ajkvdkodktd ld gaadldr g tjlgs `gs ajktronuaojkds ld sgòlg pgrg uk sj`j
agkg` - dk ajktrgpjsoaoñk g` dkbjqud ld 'vosoñk iox' ld `gs pçfokgs ld dkvéj guxoògr y dkvéj ld dbdatjs ldloagljs. @js dkvéjs guxoògrds vostg / pdstg÷g pgrg
gings vdrsojkds ld sjbtwgrd ld td`ïbjkj y `g tgn`dtg okaùyd njtjkds S^D / SJQ\ y IT\D pgrg aglg dkvéj.
@js dkvéjs ld vostg / pdstg÷g pgrg gings vdrsojkds ld sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj y `g tgn`dtg jbrdadk njtjkds IT\D y sd`daaojkds pgrg dlotgr
`g ajkbofurgaoñk ld `js lobdrdktds prjadsgljrds ld dbdatjs. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, uk aòa / tgatj ld ïstjs `d ``dvg g ukg vostg dk ldtg``d
gloaojkg` pgrg dlotgr dsd prjadsgljr B].
Sgrg içs ldtg``ds sjnrd `js prjadsgljrds ld dbdatjs oktdrkjs, ajksu`td `g sdaaoñk 6.
4.45 GT] / B] DKRÉG
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 4.2 ^DQGKGLJ
@js pgramds sd pudldk

ajkbofurgr pgrg `gs dktrglgs
`jag`ds, iu`topostg TQN y
TQN-LGV iu`topostg
rdstgn`daoiodktj rçpolj y Sgtam 75 7

Geustd ld igrag y pgramds
^dstgn`daoiodktj ld ukg sjùaoñk ld uk
sj`j tjqud.
@JAG@
@g pgktg``g ld pgramds pdriotd g` usugroj sd`daaojkgr `g budktd ld dktrglg 7->3 j @ / ^ ld `ékdg pgrg aglg agkg`. G` sd`daaojkgr AMGKKD@ /
dlotgr / pgramdgr d` usugroj sdrç agpgz ld ldsofkgr g `g budktd sd`daaojkglg pgrg aglg agkg`
ROQOÑK FDKD^G@
@g boamg Rostg fdkdrg` `d lgrç g` usugroj, g proidrg vostg, ukg vosoñk ajip`dtg ld `js pgramds y `gs ajkdxojkds qud sd mgk dstgn`daolj. Dstjs sd pudldk
dlotgr dk `g pgktg``g ld rdsuidk ajk tjljs `js aginojs ld sdr f`jng`
TQN-G
> gramovjs \rgah TQN j dstïrdj sd pudldk gsofkgr g `gs rgkurgs lospjkon`ds 7->> utoòzgklj
utoòzgklj AGKG@ / dlotgr / TQN-G
TQN-LGV
gramovjs iu`topostg TQN sd pudldk gsofkgr ld su LGV pgrg rgkurgs lospjkon`ds 7-1> usgklj AGKG@ / dlotgr / TQN-LGV
^DOKOAOG^
^dstgn`dadr
^dstgn`dadr sd rdstgn`dadrç rçpolgidktd g `g pgktg``g ld pgramds g su ajkbofurgaoñ
ajkbofurgaoñk
k pjr ldbdatj ..
SGÂMD 75 7
Sgtam 75 7 mgad bçao` d` trgngej ld pgramds idlogktd `g ardgaoñk ld ukg ajkdxoñk 75 7 ld `gs dktrglgs bésoags g `js agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr pgrg tjljs `js agkg`ds.
4.2 ^DQGKGLJ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
S^TDNG LD QJKOLJ
Qjukltamdah ds nçsoagidktd jtrj ajkeuktj ld pgramds. Qd pudld utoòzgr pgrg ardgr ukg idza`g ld prudng g trgvïs ld gramovjs prdfrgngljs dk TQN, pjr dedip`j, j
trgngegr dk ukg prudng ld sjkolj dk vovj rdatg j ukg idza`g ld ginjs. @g ajkbofurgaoñk ds `g iosig qud pgrg `gs gpòagaojkds kjrig`ds ld pgramds. Tkg vdz qud
sd gatovg d` ijlj ld prudng ld sjkolj ld` pgkd` ld sd`daaoñk sdrç vdrld. Mgy ljs bjrigs ld gatovgr Srudng ld sjkolj, yg sdg g trgvïs ld `g AJKBOFT^GAOÑK;
^DQGKGLJ; Ldsaropaoñk ld pçfokg j d` eufgljr; IT@\O\^GAH SÇFOKG
4.2 ^DQGKGLJ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QJTKLAMDAH GQOFKG^ SÇFOKG

@g pçfokg ld prudng ld sjkolj Gsofkgr gsofkg d` pgramd prudng ld sjkolj pgrg d` agkg` sd`daaojkglj.
QJTKLAMDAH OKLOAGLJ^
D` okloagljr ld prudng ld sjkolj sd dkaudktrg dk `g dsquokg supdrojr ozquodrlg ld `g pgktg``g @AL Kovd` 7. Dstj pgrdad okloagr qud `g oktdrbgz ld
usugroj ds dk d` ijlj ld prudng ld sjkolj.
4.2 ^DQGKGLJ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 2.75 Rdr y frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj
IDUA@G AG^GA\D^ÉQ\OAGQ; Rdr y frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj
Dk d` sjbtwgrd To pudld so`dkaogr `js agkg`ds ld bjrig oklovolug` j dk frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj. Mgy sdos frupjs Iutd lospjkon`d pgrg sdr gsofkglj g
aug`quodr agkg` ld iutdgn`d. Sgrg so`dkaogr tjljs `js agkg`ds ld uk frupj ld gku`gaoñk, sñ`j todkd qud sd`daaojkgr d` njtñk Iutd Frjup rdqudrolj. Rdr frupjs
ld trgngej ld `g iosig igkdrg, gukqud ïstjs ldbokdk puktjs ld vostg Idza`gljr ld agkg`ds. Sjr dedip`j, pjlrég gsofkgr tjljs `js agkg`ds vjag`ds, gldiçs
ld uk igdstrj gux pgrg vdr d` frupj 7 pgrg ukg r daupdrgaoñk okstgktçkd
okstgktçkdg.
g. @gs 'dktrglgs', rdtjrkjs ld dbdatjs, sunfrupjs y GT] IGQ\D^Q njtjkds
lospjkon`ds dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjk soip`didktd ajkvdkodktd prddstgn`daolj Rdr frupjs.
Sgrg gsofkgr `js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj, Rdr frupjs, (y) Qun Frupjs ld kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg ld gsofkgaoñk. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg, sd`daaojkd `g
pdstg÷g ajrrdspjklodktd dk `g pçfokg ld idloljrds j `grfj aòa / tjkd`glg tjagr d` rdspdatovj frupj pdrj- dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d. G ajktokugaoñk, pudld
d`dfor `js frupjs y agkg`ds `ds gsofkgk sdfõk sdg kdadsgroj.
2.75 Rdr y frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 2.>5 IJ^DID
IDUA@G AG^GA\D^ÉQ\OAGQ; IJ^DID
IJ^DID pdriotd g `js usugrojs gsofkgr sus prjpojs agkg`ds (qud pudldk okaùor uk ioarñbjkj vjag` y uk agkg` ld okstruidktj, pjr dedip`j)
y idza`gr d` dquoònroj ld dsjs agkg`ds ajk uk sj`j gtdkugljr frgkld. Dstg ds ukg igkdrg sdkao``g ld idza`gr su prjpoj sjkolj ajktrg jtrjs
iodinrjs ld `g ngklg.
Sgrg vdr IJ^DID dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj, gnrg d` idkõ y pu`sd KGR IJ^DID, j sd pudld gaadldr ldsld `js dkvéjs guxoògrds pgktg``g ajk
ukg ljn`d pu`sgaoñk dk d` frddk ldsòzgljr IGQ\D^ GT]. Srdsojkd ljs vdads `g sdaaoñk dk n`gkaj dktrd `js gtdkugljrds IJ^DID pgrg vj`vdr g
`g pgktg``g ld `js dkvéjs guxoògrds. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg, dòeg IJ^DID ldsld d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d.
IJ^DID sd pudld ijstrgr dk gings jrodktgaojkds mjrozjktg` y vdrtoag`. Sgosged sd gaadld ldsld d` idkõ KGR, iodktrgs qud dk aug`quodr
ijidktj sd dkaodkld d` td`ïbjkj g `g jrodktgaoñk vdrtoag`, `g pçfokg IJ^DID sd iudstrg dk `g vostg vdrtoag`.
Sgrg IJ^DID g trgngegr, proidrj todkd qud gsofkgr sus agkg`ds ld ié. Sgrg d``j, g pgrtor ld uk agkg` ld sun-idkõ dk `g pçfokg IO]. G `grfj pu`sd d` kjinrd
ld` agkg` pgrg d` sun-idkõ ld agkg`ds, g ajktokugaoñk, sd`daaojkd Gsofkgr ID. G ajktokugaoñk, todkd qud gsofkgr `g sgòlg gux. \jlgvég dk `g pgktg``g IO],
ldsp`gzgiodktj g `j `grfj ld `js gtdkugljrds prokaopg`ds GT], pu`sgaoñk `grfg dk d` agkg` ld sgòlg GT] Igdstrj y sd`daaojkd Gsofkgr ID JT\.
Augklj sd gsofkg uk agkg` g IJ^DID, d` kjinrd ld` agkg` sd iudstrg dk aj`jr kgrgkeg.
2.>5 IJ^DID
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 2.>5 IJ^DID
IDUA@G AG^GA\D^ÉQ\OAGQ; IJ^DID
‐IJ^DID’ ijlj vdrtoag` JK / JBB
Gmjrg ds pjson`d ldbokor so IJ^DID sd iudstrg gutjiçtoagidktd

gutjiçtoagidktd dk d` ijlj vdrtoag` dk `js lospjsotovjs qud jbrdadk gpjyj jrodktgaoñk. G`fukjs
usugrojs prdbodrdk jpdrgr Bgldr Rodw pçfokgs (IO], GT], B]) dk `g jrodktgaoñk ld `g pgktg``g rgsfj pjr- `j qud `js gtdkugljrds sjk ‐ld `grfj
gàgkad’.
Ijljs IJ^DID5
IJ^DID DK - jrodktgaoñk ijlj vdrtoag` ijstrgrç gutjiçtoagidktd `g pçfokg IJ^DID IJ^DID JBB - jrodktgaoñk ijlj vdrtoag` ijstrgrç `g
oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj rdfu`gr ajk gtdkugljrds prj`jkfgljs. G`fukgs ld `gs agrgatdréstoags ld `g pgktg``g FTO sdrçk ‐dk fros’ y rdstrokfoljs g
`g vostg ldnolj g `g loidksoñk aojkds òiotgaoñk.
Aginoj ld` ijlj ld IJ^DID5
- Or g `g ajkbofurgaoñk -; Geustds ld pçfokg
- Dstgn`dadr `g jpaoñk ld ijlj vdrtoag` IJ^DID dk JK / JBB

2.>5 IJ^DID
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 6.35 dlotgr B]
B] Dlot
B] lofotg`ds sd utoòzgk dk tjljs `js topjs ld guloj pgrg gyulgr g ardgr prjbuklolgl y aj`jr g ukg idza`g. D` To><^ todkd trds prjadsgljrds
@dxoajk B] oktdrkjs5 ^dvdrn, Ld`gy y Amjrus. D` To><^ todkd uk prjadsgljr gloaojkg` qud pudld sdr j nodk ukg rdvdrndrgaoñk j rdtgrlj gloaojkg`.
Mgy B] ldloaglj dkvéjs y rdtjrkjs ld `js dbdatjs oktdrkjs - soip`didktd geustgr d` kovd` ajrrdspjklodktd B] Qdkl y qud gpgrdzag d`
kovd` ld` agkg` ld rdtjrkj ld dbdatjs B] g okajrpjrgr dk su idza`g. Rdr sdaaoñk <.< pgrg içs ldtg``ds ld `js dkvéjs ld dbdatjs.
Dlotgr pgkd`ds B] todkdk geustd ld pgrçidtrjs ngsgljs dk Bgldr prddstgn`daolj Fugrlgr / ^daupdrgr y ajk pgktg``g kuiïroag dsto`j @AL- kuiïroaj.
6.35 dlotgr B]
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 6.75 ^DRD^N
B] Dlot; ^DRD^N
@g rdvdrndrgaoñk (j ‐rdvdrn’ pgrg gnrdvogr) ds d` ajip`dej dbdatj ardglj pjr `g bjrig dk qud pdraonoijs d` sjkolj dk uk dspgaoj adrrglj. ^dvdrn ldpdkld
ld iuamgs agrgatdréstoags ld dsd dspgaoj, okaùydklj d` tgig÷j, `g bjrig y d` topj ld igtdrog`ds qud rdaunrdk `gs pgrdlds. ^dvdrn ds uk ajipjkdktd
kgturg` ld `g dxpdrodkaog gaõstoag, y `g igyjrég ld `g fdktd sodktd qud `d bg`tg g`fj sok d``g.
MJ^G
^dvdrn \oid (ioòsdfukljs)
@g agktolgl ld todipj qud `d tjig g `g aj`g ld rdvdrndrgaoñk g `g agrods. \odipj ld rdvdrndrgaoñk ds ukg okloagaoñk gulotovg ld` topj ld dspgaoj - frgklds dspgaojs dbdatovjs
todkdk vdads içs todipj ld rdvdrndrgaoñk qud `js pdqud÷js `js gnsjrndktds.
MB
MB Lgipokf
Gijrtofugklj
Gijrtofugklj `gs g`tgs brdaudkaogs sd pudld 'soktjkozgr' ukg rdvdrndrgaoñk içs kgturg`.
NGEJ
Ngej fgkgkaog
Gloaoñk ld ngej g ukg sd÷g` ld rdvdrndrgktd pudld gyulgr g dspdsgr ld guloj qud sd mg ldnoòtglj pjr `g rdvdrndrgaoñk g`fjrotij, j ardgr ukg i gyjr a`grolgl
dk `gs brdaudkaogs ngegs qud g vdads dstç dkigsagrglj pjr `g rdvdrndrgaoñk.
@SB
Bo`trj ld pgsj ngej ld brdaudkaog
geustds ld brdaudkaog içs g`tgs guidktgk `g rdspudstg ld g`tg brdaudkaog, ardgklj rdvdrndrgaojkds içs nro``gktds8 \okfs br daudkaog içs ngeg ajkeuktj- ardgk rdvdrndrgaojkds içs
jsaurjs ajk ïkbgsos dk `gs brdaudkaogs içs frgvds.
MSB
Bo`trj ld pgsj g`tj ld brdaudkaog
^dluaor turnoldz 'ûin`d' d okldsdgn`d pjr d` ajrtd ld `gs brdaudkaogs ngegs.

6.75 ^DRD^N
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 6.>5 ^D\^GQJ
B] Dlot; ^D\^GQJ
@js rdtgrljs rdpotdk uk sjkolj pjaj todipj ldspuïs ld qud jaurrg proidrj. D` rdtgrlj sd ajkvodrtd daj augklj `g sgòlg sd rdgòidktg g `g dktrglg (rdtrjgòidktgaoñk). Dstj ajkvodrtd
g ukg sj`g rdpdtoaoñk dk ukg sdrod ld rdpdtoaojkds, aglg ukg uk pjaj içs sugvd qud d` gktdrojr. D` todipj ld rdtgrlj To sd dstgn`dad dk ioòsdfukljs j dk vg`jrds iusoag`ds.
Srdsojkd `g pgktg``g ld` LOR pgrg gaadldr g uk idkõ ldsp`dfgn`d ajk `js vg`jrds ld `gs kjtgs iusoag`ds lospjkon`ds. Su`sd d` njtñk \GS \DISJ vgrogs vdads pgrg frobj dk d` todipj
ld rdtgrlj ldsdglj. (Dstj sd mgad fdkdrgìdktd dk d` todipj ajk `g iõsoag.) Su`sd y igktdkfg pu`sglj d` njtñk \GS \DISJ pgrg dsaronor igkugìdktd dk d` todipj ld rdtgrlj dk
NSI.
\GS / NSI
Ld`gy \dipj
Tk geustd ld todipj ld rdtgrlj qud utoòzg uk tdipj 'gprjvdamglj' ajij fuég. Su`sd dk d` njtñk '\GS \DISJ' pgrg geustgr d` todipj ld rdtgrlj.
D` njtñk \GS \DISJ tginoïk dstç lospjkon`d dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj`.
MJ^G
@jkfotul ld rdtgrlj
todipj ld rdtgrlj geustglj dk ioòsdfukljs.
LOR
Ngrroj `jkfotul
todipj ld rdtgrlj ajkbofurglj ajij uk iusoag` sunlovosoñk ld` tdipj. Srdsojkd `g pgktg``g ld` LOR pgrg gaadldr g uk idkõ ldsp`dfgn`d ajk `js vg`jrds ld `gs kjtgs iusoag`ds
lospjkon`ds.
BNGAH
Ajktrj`g d` kõidrj ld rdpdtoaojkds ld rdtgrlj pjr `g gòidktgaoñk ld `g pgrtd pjstdrojr ld `g sd÷g` ld sgòlg ld rdtgrlj g `g dktrglg ld`gy Dstj ardg ukg sdrod ld
rdpdtoaojkds ld rdtgrlj, aglg ukj òfdrgidktd gtdkuglg mgstg qud sd ajkvodrtdk okgulon`d. @js vg`jrds içs g`tjs ardgk içs rdpdtoaojkds8 `js geustds içs ngejs rdluadk
d` kõidrj ld rdpdtoaojkds. Augklj dstd igklj sd forg ajip`dtgidktd g `g ldrdamg, sd gajp`g ^dpdgt Mj`l - rdpdtoaojkds ld rdtgrlj sd rdprjluadk dk uk nua`d okbokotj,
pdrj kj mgy sd÷g` ld dktrglg gloaojkg` sd oktrjluad dk d` dbdatj ld rdtgrlj. ^dpotg Mj`l dstç lospjkon`d õkoagidktd dk dstuloj, Ijkj y Sjkf Ld`gy.
@SB
Bo`trj ld pgsj ngej - Brdaudkaogs pjr dkaoig ld dstd sd bo`trgk / dòiokglj Ajrtgr d` ajktdkolj ld g`tg brdaudkaog idlogktd d`
geustd ld `g brdaudkaog ld ajrtd ld uk bo`trj ld dstgktdrégs.

6.>5 ^D\^GQJ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 6.15 AJ^J
B] Dlot; AJ^J
Ajrj ardg uk dxundrgktd, sjkolj ajip`dtj idlogktd `g ajinokgaoñk

ñk ld ljs j içs sd÷g`ds euktgs ukg sok sdr gbdatglg y `gs jtrgs sd÷g`ds pudld vgrogr
òfdrgidktd d` tjkj ajk d` todipj. Amjrus sd utoòzg ajiõkidktd pgrg dkfjrlgr y postgs pgrg g÷glor audrpj g `gs fuotgrrgs sok aj`jrdgr d` sjkolj jrofokg`. Ajrj
tginoïk sd pudld utoòzgr ajk losardaoñk pgrg dspdsgr ukg postg ld vjz.
LDQJÔDK\G^
Agktolgl ld ldsvogaoñk ld` tjkj ld `g sd÷g` jrofokg`
LDKQOLGL
Geustd `g ldksolgl ld` dbdatj ld ajrj
Augktj içs ldksj ds d` ajrj, içs frudsj y içs roaj ds d` rdsu`tglj sdrç.
@SB
Bo`trj ld pgsj ngej - Brdaudkaogs pjr dkaoig ld dstd sd bo`trgk / dòiokglj Ajrtgr d` ajktdkolj ld g`tg brdaudkaog idlogktd d`
geustd ld `g brdaudkaog ld ajrtd ld uk bo`trj ld dstgktdrégs.

6.15 AJ^J
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 6.<5 SGK\G@@G B]
B] Dloaoñk;
DBDA\JQ LD SGK\G@@G
@g pgktg``g Dbdatjs todkd augtrj pgramds ld dbdatjs. D` proidr pgramd sd boeg ajk
a jk uk rdvdrn @dxoajk g`tg agòlgl, pdrj `js jtrjs trds sjk
gsofkgn`ds.
Mgfg aòa y igktdkfg sjnrd d` kjinrd

bdat DB sd gnrd uk idkõ pgrg `g
sd`daaoñk rçpolg ld rdvdrndrgaoñk j
rdtgrlj
Mgfg aòa y igktdkfg sjnrd d`

kjinrd bdat DB sd gnrd uk idkõ
pgrg `g sd`daaoñk rçpolg ld rdtrgsj
j Ajrj
Mgfg aòa y igktdkfg sjnrd d` kjinrd

bdat DB sd gnrd uk idkõ pgrg `g
sd`daaoñk rçpolg ld mgnotgaoñk j ld
rdtgrlj
6.<5 SGK\G@@G B]
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ =.35 iudstrgs y QKGSQMJ\

QKGSQMJ\Q
Q
Iudstrgs y QKGSQMJ\Q
Tkg iudstrg ds ukg aj`daaoñk ld okstgktçkdgs. Tkg okstgktçkdg

okstgktçkdg ds uk rdfostrj ld tjljs `js geustds ld `g ajksj`g. Sudld fugrlgr y rdaupdrgr `gs
okstgktçkdgs y prjfrgigs g trgvïs ld` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` To - td`ïbjkj j tgn`dtg.
Tkg okstgktçkdg rdaudrlg aglg ajkbofurgaoñk ld su idza`gljr g `g vdz. Tk usj ajiõk pgrg `gs okstgktçkdgs ds tdkdr ukg okstgktçkdg pjr agkaoñk. Gsé
qud su òstg ld okstgktçkdgs pjlrég pgrdadrsd dxgatgidktd g `g òstg ld agkaojkds. G` bokg` ld aglg agkaoñk, d` aginoj g `g sofuodktd okstgktçkdg y aglg
geustd dk d` idza`gljr dstç òstj pgrg dsg agkaoñk pgrg dipdzgr.
@g pçfokg ld iudstrgs y okstgktçkdgs ds gaadson`d dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg ld `g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk j puktdgklj / aòa dk d` okloagljr @DL dk
`g ngrrg ld kgvdfgaoñk (qud iudstrg d` kjinrd ld `g okstgktçkdg gatugìdktd agrfglj). @g tda`g rçpolg g `gs okstgktçkdgs pjp-up ds X=Y. \ginoïk
pudld gsofkgr uk B7 j B> (pgrtd supdrojr ld` Agkg` Igdstrj) pgrg gatugòzgr `g okstgktçkdg gatug` j ardgr ukg kudvg. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj,
soip`didktd pu`sd d` oajkj ld` losaj j gsofkgr `g tda`g B7 pgrg sòldJut ukg bukaoñk okstgktçkdg.
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ =.35 iudstrgs y QKGSQMJ\

QKGSQMJ\Q
Q
Iudstrgs y QKGSQMJ\Q
@g ukolgl vodkd ajk d` ldbdatj Ijstrgr agrfglj, y d` Okot * * okstgktçkdg. Ds ukg nudkg oldg pgrg ardgr uk kudvj dspdatçau`j ld trgngegr y utoòzgr d` vg`jr
prdldtdriokglj
prdldtdriokglj Qmjw ds ukg rutg bçao` vj`vdr g `g ajkbofurgaoñk prdldtdriokglg.
Sgrg ajkbofurgr uk dspdatçau`j, ldsld ukjs iudstrgs y vdr OKQ\GK\ÇKDGQ (Ajkbofurgaoñk) sd`daaojkd dspdatçau`js y pu`sd d` KTDRJ pdrj- tjkd`glg. G ajktokugaoñk, d` kjinrd ld
su dspdatçau`j.
Dk `js dspdatçau`js y `g pçfokg okstgktçkdgs qud pudld ardgr, agrfgr, dòiokgr y dspdatçau`js ld aginoj ld kjinrd d okstgktçkdgs.
Gmjrg tjigr ukg okstgktçkdg pu`sgklj d` njtñk FTG^LG^ (prñxoij g `g ajùikg ld okstgktçkdgs j dk `gs okstgktçkdgs vostg). \ginoïk pudld gsofkgr
`gs bukaojkds ld gatugòzgaoñk ld Qkgpmjt y Kudvg okstgktçkdg dk d` B7 y B> tda`gs (idkõ ld ajkbofurgaoñk).
Qmjws agrfgljs y `gs okstgktçkdgs sd iudstrgk dk tdxtj rjej.
Augklj sd tjig ukg okstgktçkdg, sd fugrlg ldktrj ld` smjw gatug`.
Okstgktçkdg ld jpdrgaojkds ld njrrglj õkoaj trgngej ld okstgktçkdgs dk d` dspdatçau`j aurdkt. Qo oktdktg dòiokgr ukg okstgktçkdg ld uk prjfrgig qud kj
dstç agrfglj, gpgrdadrç uk idksged ld drrjr.
TQN Oipjrtgr / Dxpjrtgr

Sudld dxpjrtgr g dspdatçau`js y smjws ld oipjrtgaoñk ldsld ukg ukolgl TQN oksdrtglj dk d` pudrtj TQN ld `g ukolgl prokaopg`. Sgrg `g dxpjrtgaoñk, sd`daaojkd Ijstrgr dk
`g òstg Ijstrgr, tgatj dxpjrtg, g ajktokugaoñk, sd`daaojkd `g ukolgl TQN y tjqud JH. Sgrg oipjrtgaoñk, `g oipjrtgaoñk ajktgatj, sd`daaojkd d` prjfrgig qud ldsdg oipjrtgr,
g ajktokugaoñk, tjqud JH.
agkg` ld agegs budrtds

@g gatovgaoñk ld uk agkg` ld idlojs sdfurjs ld` agkg` rdsg`tglj kj vg g aginogr augklj sd rdaupdrg ukg kudvg okstgktçkdg.
Sudld ajkbofurgr sd`daaojkgr Agkg` Agegs budrtds, y fugrlgr`js dk d` prjfrgig gatug`, g trgvïs ld `g vostg ld uk agkg` budrtd (pudld gaadldr g trgvïs ld
`gs prokaopg`ds iudstrgs y pçfokg okstgktçkdgs).
fdrdktd GBQ> prddstgn`daolj

GBQ> ajkbofurgaoñk yg kj sd fugrlgk dk ukg okstgktçkdg / QMJV.
GBQ> gmjrg todkd uk gliokostrgljr ldloaglj prddstgn`daolj

prddstgn`daolj idlogktd d` aug` `js usugrojs agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / prdgeustds GBQ> Dòiokgr pgrg idlojs TQN ajkdatgljs.
Sgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / njrrgr GBQ> ld idijrog5

- Rgyg g aug`quodr GT] j `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk IGQ\D^ DW
- Aòah / pu`sd d` njtñk AJKBOFT^GAOÑK GBQ>
- Aòah / pu`sd sjnrd d` njtñk S^DQD\Q dkaudktrg dk d` adktrj ld `g pgktg``g ld bo`trj ijlg` GBQ>
- Ttoòzgr d` fdstjr ld S^DQD\Q pgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / prdgeustds GBQ> Dòiokgr pgrg idlojs TQN ajkdatgljs
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ ?.35 IDLOG Frgngljrg y ^dprjluatjr
^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
D` idza`gljr To mg okajrpjrglj dk bgatoòtods `js idlojs ld ajiukoagaoñk. D` To><^ pudld rdprjluaor g trgvïs ld uk lospjsotovj ld idijrog TQN y d` To><^ pudld
rdprjluaor y frgngr. D` eufgljr pudld utoòzgr pgrg postgs ld gajipg÷giodktj j pgrg iõsoag ld bjklj dktrd sdrods, pjr dedip`j, iodktrgs qud `g okstg`gaoñk ld
rdfostrj rdfostrg `g idza`g dstïrdj prokaopg`. @g rdprjluaaoñk ds g trgvïs ld `js agkg`ds ld rdprjluaaoñk @ y ^DS^JLTAAOÑK ^ - dstjs sjk `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg
kjrig`ds ldloagljs g `g bukaoñk ld rdprjluaaoñk ld TQN.
D` rdfostrj (To><^) y `gs agrgatdréstoags ld rdprjluaaoñk utoòzgk ukg j ljs agrtgs ld `g idijrog TQN aj`jagljs dk `gs tjigs TQN dk d` mgrlwgrd ld
oktdrbgz ld usugroj. D` To><^ todkd tgktj d` eudfj y tjigs ld rdfostrj dk d` pgkd` brjktg`, d` To><^ todkd uk ajkdatjr TQN 'S@G_'. Mgy ljs içs pudrtjs TQN
dk d` pgkd` `gtdrg` ld `g ukolgl.
Su`sd d` oajkj ld idlojs pgrg dktrgr dk `g pçfokg ld` eufgljr, j or g trgvïs ld` njtñk ld` idkõ ld` rdprjluatjr dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj.
@js gramovjs pudldk sdr rdprjluaoljs ldsld ukg òstg ld rdprjluaaoñk j lordatgidktd ldsld `g òstg ld gramovjs.
Idkõ Sjp-up
Srdsojkd y igktdkfg d` kjinrd ld agkg` ld rdprjluaaoñk pgrg qud gpgrdzag d` idkõ ld agkg`ds. @js d`didktjs ld idkõ sjk5
Ldsgatovgr Qtdrdj @okh

Dstg agrgatdréstoag
agrgatdréstoag sdpgrg d` agkg` dstïrdj dk ljs gtdkugljrds ijkj. Dstj ds õto` pgrg gqud``js qud quodrgk d` guloj dk uk agkg` y uk
(tdipj) postg ld rotij dk d` jtrj agkg`.
Gktds ùfgr Dktrglgs

Dstg agrgatdréstoag õto` iudvd d` eufgljr gktds ld` bgldr ld` agkg` 7, pjr `j qud ds `g proidrg gtdkugljr dk d` idza`gljr.
\opjs ld gramovj
@js gramovjs ld guloj sd ldndk fugrlgr dk `g idijrog TQN, yg sdg ajij VGR, GGA, IS1, JFF, GOBB j gramovjs B@GA. Tkg vdz dstj
?.35 sjpjrtd ld rdprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ ?.35 IDLOG Frgngljrg y ^dprjluatjr
sd mg ajip`dtglj, oksdrtd su idijrog TQN dk d` eudfj dtoqudtg rgkurg TQN dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj y d` mgrlwgrd ld sus gramovjs ld iõsoag sd ijstrgrç dk `g
ajùikg ld gramovjs iu`toidlog TQN.
B7 y B> ETDFJ
Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg ld `g B7 y B> njtjkds sotugljs dkaoig ld` bgldr igdstrj (y dk d` sjbtwgrd ld` td`ïbjkj d` njtñk B7 dk d` pgkd` ldsòzgn`d) sd pudldk
gsofkgr g rdprjluaor `g agkaoñk sofuodktd (dk `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld pgktg``gs; ajkbof / sdtup). Qo d` eufgljr sd dstgn`dad dk igkug`, dktjkads d` eufgljr sd ldtdklrç
dk d` bokg` ld aglg agkaoñk. G` pu`sgr d` njtñk ld rdprjluaaoñk B7 / B> eufgrç `g sofuodktd agkaoñk dk `g òstg. Dstj pdriotd qud d` iõsoaj pgrg rdprjluaor `g
sofuodktd agkaoñk dk su ajkeuktj sok tdkdr qud vdr `g pçfokg ld` eufgljr.
Igkug` / gutjiçtoaj
D` ijlj igkug` sofkoboag qud d` eufgljr vg g ldegr ld eufgr g` bokg` ld aglg agkaoñk. D` ijlj gutjiçtoaj sofkoboa
sofkoboag
g qud d` eufgljr sd okoaogrç
gutjiçtoagidktd
gutjiçtoagidktd `g rdprjluaaoñk ld `g sofuodktd agkaoñk dk `g òstg ld gramovjs.
Qd÷g`
D` njtñk Aud ds uk sg`tj g `g sofuodktd agrgatdréstoag agkaoñk. ATD sñ`j ds kdadsgrog augklj sd trgngeg dk ijlj igkug`. Sdriotd g `g sofuodktd agkaoñk qud
sd eudfg usgklj d` njtñk S@G_ B7 j B> (dkaoig ld` bgldr Igstdr), sok okf mgv- pgrg sg`tgr g `g pçfokg ld rdprjluatjr ld idlojs gktds ld aglg agkaoñk.
Frgngljrg
Frgngaoñk ld `g sgòlg dstïrdj Igdstrj pudld sdr gatovglj ajk uk njtñk ^DAJ^L. Sudld gsofkgr `js njtjkds B7 y / j B> pgrg dstg bukaoñk j
utoòzgr d` pgkd` `gtdrg` ijlj ld vostg eufgljr frgkld.
>\H TQN
>-\rgah ld frgngaoñk dstïrdj TQN dstç lospjkon`d dk d` To><^. Kudvj njtñk ld rdprjluaaoñk
g`dgtjrog.
I\H TQN ^dajrl

Euktj ajk `g frgngaoñk dstïrdj ld > postgs, `g To><^ tginoïk pudld frgngr iu`topostg mgstg >> postgs sdpgrglgs qud ùdfj sd pudldk oipjrtgr dk aug`quodr
gpòagaoñk ld guloj pgrg su pjstdrojr prjadsgiodktj j igstdrozgaoñk.
^dprjluaaoñk TQN I\H

frgngaojkds iu`topostg
iu`topostg oklovolug`ds sd pudldk rdprjluaor g trgvïs ld `g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj y rdidza`glj. Sdrbda
Sdrbdatj
tj pgrg mgadr ukg idza`g ld dksgyj dk uk kudvj ùfgr gktds ld
qud `js iõsoajs sd dkrj``gk j pgrg usj ajij postgs ld gajipg÷giodktj.
Kjtg. I\H ^dprjluaaoñk y Frgngaoñk kdadsolglds stoah TQN qud sd oksdrtg dk `g rgkurg ld `g frgngaoñk gktdrojr y qud pdriotgk g >> postgs soiu`tçkdgs g
sdr frgngljs, `g dsaroturg TQN y vd`jaolgl ld `daturg ld `js idlojs oksdrtgljs ldnd sdr (so `g idijrog oktdridlog ajipgton`d dk `g oktdrbgz ld` idza`gljr
okloagrç tgig÷j ld` nõbdr y aug`dsquodrg prjn`digs ld vd`jaolgl ld dsaroturg.
?.35 sjpjrtd ld rdprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ ?.3.75 I\H Frgngljrg y ^dprjluatjr
I\H ^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
IT@\O-postg ld rdprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk ldsld uk lospjsotovj TQN

D` To><^ pudld rdprjluaor y frgngr vgrogs trgydatjrogs ldsld TQN mgstg >> postgs. Sgramds sdrçk boegljs pjr aòa n`d lupòañ ajk ukg rgkurg
pgramd idza`gljr qud gnrorç d` ijlg` idza`gljr gsofkgaoñk pgramd. \jljs `js aginojs sdrçk ukovdrsg`ds. Qdsojkds, Idza`gljr ld pgramds y
gramovjs sd iudstrgk dk dstg pgktg``g. G` mgadr aòa dk uk kõidrj ld sdsoñk, rdprjluaaoñk ajidkzgrç ukg vdz qud d` oajkj ld rdprjluaaoñk sd
gatovg y sd ldtodkd ajk d` njtñk ld pgrglg, Frgngaoñk lgrç ajiodkzj j pgrglg gatovgklj d` njtñk ld frgngaoñk.
?.3.75 I\H ^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ ?.3.>5 TQN ^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
TQN Q\OAH AJISG\ONO@OLGL

D` To><^ ds ajipgton`d ajk `g igyjrég ld lospjsotovjs TQN pgrg `g rdprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk ld > postgs. Iu`to-postg ld kudvj S`gy-TQN rdqudrorç uk iékoij ld
TQN 1.3 ajk ukg vd`jaolgl ld trgksbdrdkaog ld >4 IN / s.
RD@JAOLGL tgipñk okloagljrgs
D` okloagljr ld idijrog oktdridlog vd`jaolgl ajktrj`grç `g vd`jaolgl ld trgksbdrdkaog TQN lurgktd `g rdprjluaaoñk y frgngaoñk. G idlolg qud d` vg`jr ld `g
sjùaoñk guidktg d` okloagljr ld idijrog oktdridlog ld vd`jaolgl aginogrç ld vdrld g gigro``j g kgrgkeg g bok ld ijstrgr uk idksged ld drrjr. D` rdquosotj
iékoij pgrg `g vd`jaolgl ld trgksbdrdkaog ld iu`to-postg ds >4IN / s.
?.3.>5 TQN ^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ ?.3.>5 TQN Frgngljrg y ^dprjluatjr
^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK LD TQN-LGV

Sgramdj ld TQN-LGV sd pudld mgadr ldktrj ld ukg pgktg``g ld agkg`ds oklovolug`ds pgrg mgadr pgramds
TQJ LD@ TQN-LGV S^JADQGIODK\J ajij uk oksdrtj LDK\^J LD@ To><^

Dstg pgktg``g pdriotd g` usugroj geustgr d` kovd` ld dktrglg augklj sd dstç utoòzgklj su prjadsgiodktj LGV ajij ukg oksdraoñk dk uk agkg` ld dktrglg.
Qd`daaoñk ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg ld su LGV

Augklj sd frgng dk gpòagaoñk ld guloj g trgvïs ld TQN
@js agkg`ds 7 - > sdrçk Igdstrj Ozquodrlg / agkg`ds ld ajktrj` ld kovd`

ldrdamj 1 - 73 sdrç GT] 7-=
@js agkg`ds 77 - 1> sdrçk Agkg` 7 dk gld`gktd
?.3.>5 TQN ^DS^JLTAAOÑK _ F^GNGAOÑK
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.35 GETQ\DQ
GETQ\DQ
@g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk pdriotd g` usugroj gliokostrgr `gs ajkbofurgaojkds nçsoags ld ajkbofurgaoñk, pgrçidtrjs
pgrçidtrjs ld rdl (okaùydklj d` geustd ld `g ajktrgsd÷g
ld` puktj ld gaadsj Vo-Bo), `gs prdbdrdkaogs ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj y pdriosjs ld gaadsj sjnrd ukg ngsd pjr usugroj. \d`ïbjkj y ld` prjfrgig ld `g
tgn`dtg vdrsojkds iudstrgk `js geustds dk bjrigs òfdrgidktd lobdrdktds, pdrj g` sjk gaadson`ds dk aug`quodr p`gtgbjrig. @js sun pgrtolgs utoòzglgs dk dstg
sdaaoñk sd rdbodrdk g` sjbtwgrd ld `g tgn`dtg.
Geustds prdvojs Geustds

Sudld fugrlgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj g, y agrfgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj ld uk lospjsotovj ld idijrog TQN g` tjagr d` njtñk ld prdsdts dk `g dsquokg ld
`g pçfokg ld ajkbofurgaoñk. Dstj gnrorç ukg pgktg``g dstçklgr ld Fugrlgr / agrfg.
F@JNG@
Qgòlg ld guroau`grds
AGKG@DQ MS
Qd`daaojkgr dktrd @ / ^ j ^ / @ ld lovosoñk ld guroau`grds.
QJ@J IJLJ
Oklovolug`ds, iõ`top`ds
QJ@J ldsgatovg aug`quodr sjòtgroj gktdrojr augklj sd prdsojkg ukg kudvg. Iõ`top`d ds uk ijlj dk sjòtgroj gauiu`gtovg (gos`giodktjs gktdrojrds kj sd
ldsgatovgk).
\OSJ QJ@J
GB@, SB@
Dòeg uk topj sjòtgroj pgrg `js sj`js agkg`ds. SB@ (Srd Dsauamg Buklolj) ds uk 'tjqud' gktds ld` bgldr ld agkg`, pjr `j qud pudld ijkotjrozgr `g sd÷g` ld agkg` sok tdkdr qud
dipuegr d` ldsòzgljr mgaog grrong. GB@ (Ldspuïs-Bgld @ostdk) ds uk frobj ldspuïs ld (y gbdatglgs pjr) d` gtdkugljr ld agkg`.
> \^H IJLJ LD F^GNGAOÑK
1> nots, >< nots, 72 nots

Dòeg ukg brdaudkaog ld iudstrdj pgrg `g bukaoñk ld frgngaoñk ld idlojs ld ajiukoagaoñk.
GT] QDKL IT\D okmdrotdkad

Gux so`dkaoj qud gbdatg g `g ajkbofurgaoñk f`jng` sd pudld geustgr g dkadklolj j gpgfglj dk ijlj ld sñ`j pudstj. @js idlojs ld mdrdkaog qud tjigk d` dstglj ld njtñk ld so`dkaoj
ldsld d` idza`gljr prokaopg` g `g ld dkvéj guxoògr, gsé j so`dkaogr ldndk sdr igkdegljs ld bjrig oklovolug` dk aglg idza`gljr (prokaopg` y guxoògr)
Guroau`grds 7 y > RJ@TIDK AJK\^J@GLJ^DQ y d` kovd` QJ@J

D` vjùidk ld sgòlg ld guroau`grds 7 y > pudld sdr ajktrj`glj ldktrj ld `g FTO. @g j``g vjùidk ld `js guroau`grds dk `g oktdrbgz ajktrj`g d`
vjùidk ld sgòlg ld `js guroau`grds 7 sj`gidktd. Qj`j ajktrj`g d` kovd` ld Qj`j g `js guroau`grds Qo sd
73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GETQ\DQ
^DKLOIODK\J FTO
ATGL^JQ SJ^ QDFTKLJ
AJIS@D\J, 7/>, 71, augrtg
Dòeg `g vd`jaolgl ld bjtjfrgigs içs g`tg qud d` lospjsotovj pudld rdprjluaor pgrg uk idejr rdkloiodktj.
rddsag`glj LOQGN@D
DKADKLOLJ GSGFGLJ
Gatovgr / ldsgatovgr `g vosugòzgaoñk ld aginoj ld dsag`g. Ldsgatovgr dstj so `g pgktg``g dstç ùamgklj ajk ijvoiodktjs FTO ..
ID\^JQ LOQGN@D @DL

GSGFGLJ DK
Qo dstç utoòzgklj ukg AST içs `dktg, ds pjson`d qud ldsdd ldsgatovgr `js o kloagljrds ld agkg` ld @DL pgrg rdluaor d` usj ld `g AST.
@JAG@
Igstdr @jah
DKADKLOLJ GSGFGLJ
Augklj dstç gatovglj, d` agkg` ld gtdkugljr prokaopg` dstç n`jqudglj dk su ùfgr. Jtrjs pgrçidtrjs sjk tjlgvég aginogktd.
IGK\DKD^ BGLD^ `g soktjkozgaoñk bokg

GSGFGLJ DK
Sdriotor d` ijlj ld geustd bokj ld` gtdkugljr.
IDLOLJ^ augktoboagaoñk
GSGFGLJ DK
Dòeg dktrd idloaoñk augktoboaglg

augktoboaglg - içs nodk ajij uk frçboaj ld ngrrgs @DL - j kj augktoboagljs (ajktokug).
BGLD^F@JV
JBB, ld`fglj, KJÎG
@gs jpaojkds pgrg `gs `ékdgs ld aj`jrds ngej `js gtdkugljrds. 7. Dk, >. Ld`fglj y 1. Jbb. Dstgs `ékdgs sjk õto`ds pgrg vdr rçpolgidktd quï frupj ld gtdkugljrds
qud dstç vodklj (gzu` pgrg B], kgrgkeg pgrg GT], y gsé suadsovgidktd).
73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GETQ\DQ
LOQGN@D RT KORD@ LD DK\^GLG
GSGFGLJ DK
Ldsgatovgr / gatovgr idtrjs ld kovd` ld dktrglg ld RT.
LOQGN@D RT SDGH
GSGFGLJ DK
Ldsgatovgr / gatovgr `js okloagljrds ld poaj pgrg idloljrds ld RT.
MOLD AJIS / FG\D

GSGFGLJ DK
Augklj dstç gpgfglj, `js idloljrds ld agkg` okaùydk içs ajrtg idloaoñk ld rdluaaoñk ld fgkgkaog @DL rjej pjr ldngej ld `js idtrjs proigrojs.
ID\^JQ LOI @DL

GSGFGLJ DK
Dkaodklg pgrg losiokuor `g oktdksolgl ld `js aj`jrds ld idloaoñk.
IJLJ LD SOK sòldJut DK IO]

GSGFGLJ DK
Augklj dstg jpaoñk dstç gatovglg, `g pçfokg Ioxdr sodiprd ijstrgrç d` To sòldJut sok tdkdr qud vj`vdr g gnror`g aglg vdz qud vgyg ld kudvj g `g
pgktg``g prokaopg` ld idza`g.
SOK gsé qud pgrg GT] / B] DKRÉG

GSGFGLJ DK
Augklj dstg jpaoñk dstç gatovglg, `g pçfokg ld dkvéjs guxoògrds sodiprd ijstrgrç `g To sòldJut sok tdkdr qud vj`vdr g gnror`g aglg vdz qud vgyg g dsg
pgktg``g.
AOKÏ\OAG LD LDQS@GUGIODK\J
GSGFGLJ DK
Lded qud `g pgktg``g pgrg ajktokugr ldsp`gzçkljsd
ldsp`gzçkljsd ldspuïs ld `g òndrgaoñk. Gsdfõrds
Gsdfõrdsd
d ld qud `g pgktg``g kj sd ldsp`gzg pgrg `g sd`daaoñk ld agkg` sunidkõ.
IDUA@GQ LD LDQS@GUGIODK\J
7 BOKFD^, > ldljs
Sgrg jntdkdr içs dstgnoòlgl g trgvïs ld `g pgktg``g ld `g idza`g, pudld sok dingrfj, d` ijlj ld fj`pd g ljs ldljs.
Bjklj ld pgtrñk
GSGFGLJ DK
Gatovgr, ldsgatovgr d` ijld`j ld bjklj.
IJ^DID ijlj ld rdtrgtj

GSGFGLJ DK
Gatovgr, ldsgatovgr d` ijlj ld rdtrgtj Ijrdid.
73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GETQ\DQ
bukaoñk ld pdlg`
IT\D B]
Mgnoòtgr d` pdlg` pgrg B] iutd
QO@DKAOG^ \JLJ
Mgnoòtgr pdlg` pgrg so`dkaogr tjljs `js agkg`ds
ETFG^
Mgnoòtgr d` pdlg` pgrg gatovgr `g rdprjluaaoñk TQN
F^GNG^
Mgnoòtgr d` pdlg` pgrg gatovgr frgngaoñk TQN
\GS \DISJ
Mgnoòtgr pdlg` g` ajkeuktj tdipj ld rdtgrlj g trgvïs ld `g bukaoñk ld igragaoñk ld` tdipj
ETDFJ I\H
Mgnoòtgr d` pdlg` pgrg `g rdprjluaaoñk I\H gatovgr ldsld uk lospjsotovj TQN j LGV
I\H ^DAJ^L
Mgnoòtgr d` pdlg` pgrg gatovgr d` rdfostrj ld I\H TQN j LGV
NJ\ÑK LD BTKAOÑK
B7, B>
Kudvg okstgktçkdg,
okstgktçkdg, gatugòzgaoñk gatug` OKQ\GK\ÇKDG, rdprjluaor, frgngr, I\H S@G_, ^DAJ^L I\H
Dòeg bukaojkds pgrg gsofkgr g `g B7 y B> njtjkds. Dk d` sjbtwgrd ld `g
` g tgn`dtg dstjs njtjkds gpgrdadk dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ld` agkg` prokaopg`. Dk d`
sjbtwgrd ld td`ïbjkj sñ`j dstç lospjkon`d B78 B> ds sodiprd d` njtñk IDKT j ^D\T^K.
OLOJIG
Okf`ïs, amokj
D` olojig pjr ldbdatj pgrg d` sjbtwgrd ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj ds Okf`ïs, pdrj gqué sd pudld aginogr g `g vdrsoñk dk olojig amokj. D` kgvdfgljr sd gatugòzg gutjiçtoagidktd
gutjiçtoagidktd
augklj sd sd`daaojkgk dstgs jpaojkds.
F@JNG@ S^D-BGLD GT] QDKL SJOK\ - prd-prjadsgiodktj J^ pjst-prjadsgiodktj

@g sd÷g` ld dkvéj GT] gmjrg sd pudld ldbokor ajij f`jgng``y Srd-prjadsgiodktj j ld pjst-prjadsj.
Srd-prjadsgiodktj - @g sd÷g` ld dkvéj GT] kj okaùyd kokfukg DW / lokçioag qud sd mg gpòaglj g` agkg` ld pjst-prjadsgiodktj - @g sd÷g` ld
Srd-prjadsgiodktj
dkvéj GT] okaùyd aug`quodr DW / lokçioag qud sd mg gpòaglj g` agkg`
Geustd ld` puktj ld dkvéj GT] F@JNG@5
- Rgyg g Ajkb
Ajkbofurgaoñk
ofurgaoñk - Geustds ld pçfokg
Dstgn`dadr `g jpaoñk Dkvogr Suktj A`jng` GT] pgrg S^D j SJQ\ \^G\GIODK\J LD S^JA DQGIODK\J
QOKA OL
Qokarjkozgaoñk OL pdriotd g `js usugrojs igktdkdr sokarjkozgaoñk ld agkg` g trgvïs ld iõ`top`ds vdktgkgs ld` kgvdfgljr / pdstg÷gs dk d` iosij dquopj / lospjsotovj, g trgvïs ld lobdrdktds pgktg``gs j
okaùsj dktrd `js lospjsotovjs.
Gmjrg pudld gnror vgrogs vdktgkgs ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj dk aug`quodr ijlj ld vosugòzgaoñk (IO], DW, L_K, B], dta) y igktdkdr agkg` ld sokarjkozgaoñ
sokarjkozgaoñk
k ND- d``js \wddk vdz QOKA OL dstç gatovglj y
òstj pgrg d` iosij kjiokg` ld Q_KA OL. Qd`daaoñk ld uk agkg` dk aug`quodr pçfokg ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj rdsu`tgrç dk tjlgs `gs vdktgkgs ld kgvdfgaoñk sokarjkozgljs g `g gatugòzgaoñk ld
sokarjkozgaoñk ld agkg` dk ajksdaudkaog.
Sgrg mgnoòtgr `g sokarjkozgaoñk OL5

- Or g `g ajkbofurgaoñk -; Geustds ld ld pçfokg
- Dstgn`dadr `g jpaoñk ld agkg` ld sokarjkozgaoñk QD@DAAOJKGLJ dk ‐JK’
- Aòah / frobj dk d` ‐Q_KA OL5’ agipj y dstgn`dadr uk OL ld su d`daaoñk. S.de. "\u kjinrd"
- Gnror jtrg oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj dk jtrj lospjsotovj, pdstg÷g ld` kgvdfgljr, dta. mgnoòtgr `g sokarjkozgaoñk QD@DA\DL AMGKKD@ y gsdfurgrsd ld qud Q_KA OL5 dstç ajkbofurglj pgrg d` iosij OL
kjiokg` sd`daaojkglj dk `g proidrg oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj.
Gmjrg pudld tdkdr lobdrdktds puktjs ld vostg sjnrd aglg ukg ld `gs pdstg÷gs j lospjsotovjs qud pdrigkdadrç dk sokarjkozgaoñk agkg`. \dkfg dk audktg qud iõ`top`ds QOKA OL pudldk dedautgrsd
soiu`tçkdgidktd dk d` idza`gljr ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
GETQ\DQ
S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ
S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ FTO ld usugroj `jag`
ajkbofurgaoñk ld usugroj ld` `glj ld` aòdktd `jag`ds gmjrg sd pudldk fugrlgr / agrfgr ajij prdsd`daaojkglgs pgrg `js idlojs ld ajiukoagaoñk ajkdatgljs.
Dstg g`- puktjs ngejs `js usugrojs g `js lospjsotovjs ld aginoj ajk bgaoòlgl, tdkodklj sus prdgeustds ld usugroj `jag` prdldbokolg ajk d``js, sok tdkdr qud
ajkbofurgr su oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj aglg vdz qud sd aginogk `js lospjsotovjs!
ajkbofurgaoñk ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj ld` `glj ld` aòdktd `jag`ds sd pudldk dkajktrgr dk `js geustds -; pdstg÷g Ajkbofurgaoñk, dk @J- AG@. jpaojkds ld
oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj rd`gtovjs g ukg gpòagaoñk ld` `glj ld` aòdktd ajij usugrojs Boegaoñk ld `g logpjsotovg ld` pgkd`, jau`tgklj d` Ajip / Fgtd, ld
ldsp`gzgiodktj 7 ñ > ldljs, ijlj vdrtoag` IJ^DID, dta gmjrg sd pudldk fugrlgr ajij uk `jag` geustds prdldbokoljs.
Sgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr njrrgr Geustds prdvojs Geustds / `jag`5

- Or g `g ajkbofurgao
ajkbofurgaoñk ñk -; Geustds
Geustds ld pçfok pçfokg g
- Ldsp`çadsd mgaog gngej y mgfg aòa / tjqud d` njtñk Ajkbofurgaoñk `jag` S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ
- Ttoòzgr d` fdstjr ld S^DQD\Q pgrg agrfgr / fugrlgr / rdkjinrgr / njrrgr sus ldtdriokgaojkds S^DLD\DÎOKGAOJKDQ `jag` pgrg idlojs TQN
ajkdatgljs
@JAG@ usugroj FTO rdstgn`dadk g `js prdldtdriokgljs

ajkbofurgaoñk ld usugroj ld` `glj ld` aòdktd `jag`ds gmjrg sd pudldk rdstgn`dadr `js vg`jrds pjr ldbdatj.
Sgrg rdstgn`dadr `g ajkbofurgaoñk `jag` pgrg vg`jr pjr ldbdatj5

- Or g `g ajkbofurgao
ajkbofurgaoñk ñk -; Geustds
Geustds ld pçfok
pçfokg g
- Ldsp`çadsd mgaog gngej y mgfg aòa / pu`sd d` njtñk ^dstgn`dadr Geustds @JAG@
- ajkbofurgaoñk ld oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj `jag`ds gmjrg sd rdstgn`dadrçk g `js vg`jrds pjr ldbdatj y `g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj sd rdokoaogrç gutjiçtoagidktd
IJKO\J^ òiotgr d` gaadsj

Dstg \gn / Rdr fdstojkg `js pdriosjs ld gaadsj - `g òiotgaoñk ld gaadsj g bukaojkds pjr usugroj. \dkodklj dk audktg qud ukg ajkbofurgaoñk tépoag pudld tdkdr iõ`top`ds usugrojs ajkdatgljs
dk d` sjbtwgrd To, aglg ukj mgaodklj su prjpog idza`g ld ijkotjrozgaoñk, qud todkd sdktolj pgrg òiotgr su gaadsj pgrg rdluaor `g pjsonoòlgl ld aginogr gaaoldktgìdktd uk brdktd ld `g
idza`g ld `g agsg.
Dstg bukaoñk kj dstç prjtdfolj ajk ajktrgsd÷g, sd prdtdkld ajij idlolg ld sdfurolgl pgrg prjtdfdr `g ajrrupaoñk gaaoldktg` ld su idza`g pjr jtrjs usugrojs. Ds
dspdaogìdktd õto` pgrg `g ardgaoñk ld pdriosjs ijkotjr.

73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Qj`j y `js kovd`ds ld guroau`grds

Sudld geustgr lofotgìdktd d` vjùidk ld sgòlg pgrg guroau`grds 7 j >, gsé ajij d` kovd` QJ@J rd`gtovg.
73.35 GETQ\DQ
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.75 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl
GETQ\DQ; Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl
@g pçfokg ld OT ld ajkbofurgaoñk `d pdriotd mgnoòtgr / ldsmgnoòtgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk y dlotgr pgrg `g aajkdxoñk

jkdxoñk wo-bo g `g zjkg gatovg To), Vo-Bo
(ajkdxoñk g ukg rdl Vo-Bo dxostdktd) y @GK (ajkdxoñk pjr agn`d g trgvïs ld Dtmdrkdt). \ginoïk mgy ukg pçfokg ld aginoj ld ajktrgsd÷g ld
gliokostrgaoñk, y ukg pçfokg ld 'Dstglj ^dl' rdsuidk.
OISJ^\GK\D5 D` kjinrd ld usugroj ld gliokostrgaoñk pjr ldbdatj ds 'gliok' y `g ajktrgsd÷g ld gliokostrgaoñk pjr ldbdatj ds 'gliok'. Qd `d pdlorç g ïstjs augklj sd
tjag d` njtñk ld ajkbofurgaoñk. Tstdl pudld utoòzgr d` TO><^ ajij uk puktj ld gaadsj j ajkdatgrsd g ukg rdl Vo-Bo dxtdrkg. @GK dstç lospjkon`d dk aug`quodr
ijidktj g kj sdr ldsgatovglj.
Sudld aginogr `g ajktrgsd÷g utoòzgklj `g pçfokg Ajktrgsd÷g ld gliokostrgljr ukg vdz qud dstçk dk d` çrdg ld ajkbofurgaoñk.
Ajk d` bok ld rdstgn`dadr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl ld `g ukolgl g `g ajkbofurgaoñk pjr ldbdatj ld bçnroag qud pudld utoòzgr d` prjadloiodktj ld rdstgn`daoiodktj
rdstgn`daoiodktj ld mgrlwgrd, qud sd ldtg``gk dk d`
gpgrtglj 1.3.>.
73.75 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.7.75 GST^JQDQ
GETQ\DQ; Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl; GST^JQDQ
ld Mjtspjt dk `g rdl Ajkbof pgrg dlotgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld `g zjkg gatovg.
ardgr su prjpog rdl pgrg qud jtrjs lospjsotovjs pudlgk ajkdatgrsd g ï` y gaadsj dk d` sjbtwgrd qud dstç okajrpjrglj dk d` sdrvoljr wdn. Qd`daaojkd d` idkõ ld ajkbofurgaoñk
Ttoòad d` njtñk Fugrlgr / Gatugòzgr pgrg fugrlgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld `g zjkg gatovg.
OISJ^\GK\D5 Kj sd pudld tdkdr tgktj mjtspjt y aòdktd \gredtg ld rdl okg`çinroag g` iosij todipj. @g oktdrbgz ld usugroj todkd su prjpoj puktj ld gaadsj, pjr `j qud pudld
mjtspjt
Mgnoòtglj Ldsmgnoòtglj
Gatovgr j ldsgatovgr prjpoj Mjtspjt ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj. \dkfg dk audktg, so d` mjtspjt dstç ldsmgnoòtglg tdklrç qud ajkdatgrsd g `g To yg sdg g trgvïs ld ukg rdl Vo-Bo
dxostdktd, j ukg ajkdxoñk @GK pjr agn`d (Dtmdrkdt).
QQOL (Qdrvoad Qdt Oldktobodr)

Dktrglg ld tdxtj
Dstd ds d` kjinrd ld `g To mjtspjt. D` vg`jr pjr ldbdatj ds 'Qjuklargbt To'
Ljiokoj ld rdfu`gaoñk okg`çinroag

Qd`daaoñk ld `g rdfoñk
Qd`daaojkd `g rdfoñk ajrrdatg - su unoagaoñk gatug`. Dstj gyulgrç g sd`daaojkgr `g sd`daaoñk ld agkg`ds ajrrdatg.
Agkg`
Qd`daaoñk ld` agkg`
Tk kõidrj ld agkg`ds dstçk lospjkon`ds ldktrj ld` dspdatrj Vo-Bo, ldpdklodklj
ldpdklodklj ld` ljiokoj rdfu`gljr - 71 pgrg Durjpg (D\QO), y 77 pgrg Giïroag ld` Kjrtd (BAA),
pjr dedip`j. D` sjbtwgrd ld tdradrjs dstç lospjkon`d pgrg gyulgr g sd`daaojkgr `js agkg`ds Vo-Bo.
Qdfurolgl
Kokfukj / VSG>
Dòeg mgy sdfurolgl j prjtdaaoñk VSG> (Vo Bo Srjtdatdl Gaadss OO). Dk dstd õ`toij agsj, sd tdklrç qud d`dfor ukg ajktrgsd÷g.
73.7.75 GETQ\DQ MJ\QSJ\
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.3.75 GST^JQDQ
GETQ\DQ; Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl; GST^JQDQ
GA\ORG^ / LDQGA\ORG^ LOBTQOÑK LD @G ^DL GST^JQDQ QQOL ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj

Dk `g gatugòlgl dxostd ukg jpaoñk pgrg gatovgr j ldsgatovgr `g rdtrgksiosoñk ld `gs rdlds To MjtQpjt QQOL.
Sgrg gatovgr / ldsgatovgr `g lobusoñk ld QQOL ld` puktj ld gaadsj To5

- Or g `g ajkbof
ajkbofurgao
urgaoñkñk -; pdstg÷g
pdstg÷g ^DL
- Qd`daaojkd AJKBOF (qud pudld nddl ld okoaoj ld sdsoñk ajk sus ardldkaog`ds ld gliokostrgljr, d` vg`jr prdldtdriokglj ds gliok / gliok)
- Qd`daaojkd GST^JQDQ AJKBOFT^GAOÑK
- Dstgn`dadr `g jpaoñ
jpaoñk k QQOL Nrjgla
Nrjglagstgst gatovglj j ldsgatovglj
- ^dokoaod d` idza`gljr ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj pgrg ajkbofurgaoñ
ajkbofurgaoñk
k sdg dbdatovg.
OK\D^BGU LD ^DL IGA ROQONO@OLGL LO^DAAOÑK

@gs lordaaojkds ld rdl oktdrgad IGA sd iudstrgk gmjrg dk `g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj ld gpòagaojkds wdn.
Sgrg vdr `g oktdrbgz ld rdl ld lordaaojkds IGA5

- Or g `g ajkbof
ajkbofurgao
urgaoñk
ñk -; pdstg÷g
pdstg÷g ^DL
- @gs lordaaojkds IGA ld `gs oktdrbgads gatovgs sd iudstrgk dk `g òstg ld ldtg``ds ld `g rdl ld aglg oktdrbgz.
73.7.75 GETQ\DQ MJ\QSJ\
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.7.>5 VO-BO
GETQ\DQ; Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl; VO-BO
idkõ ld ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo dk `g rdl Ajkbof pgrg dlotgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo.
mjtspjt dxostdktd, y sd pudld gaadldr g` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` g trgvïs ld` kõidrj OS ld `g ukolgl (qud sd iudstrg dk Ajkbofurgaoñk; ^dl). Qd`daaojkd d`
Ttoòad d` njtñk Fugrlgr / Gatugòzgr pgrg fugrlgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo.
OISJ^\GK\D5 Ldnd rdaoa`gr d` pjldr To (gpgfgr `g ukolgl y sofud) pgrg ajkbofurgaoñk sdg dbdatovg. @g oktdrbgz ld usugroj pudld ajkdatgrsd g ukg rdl Vo-Bo /
Vobo
Gatovgr j ldsgatovgr `g ajkdxoñk Vo-Bo.
QQOL (Qdrvoad Qdt Oldktobodr)

Dktrglg ld tdxtj
Dstd ds d` kjinrd ld `g rdl g `g qud ldsdg ajkdatgrsd.
Ajktrgsd÷g
Dktrglg ld tdxtj
Dstg ds `g ajktrgsd÷g ld `g rdl g `g qud ldsdg ajkdatgrsd.
Srjtdaaoñk ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg
Mgn`g g
LMAS / Igkug`
Qd pudld d`dfor `g gsofkgaoñk ld OS lokçioag, dk auyj agsj d` To gsofkgrç gutjiçtoagidktd ukg lordaaoñk OS, içsagrg ld rdl y pudrtg ld dk`gad. Qo dòfd `g gsofkgaoñk
ld OS igkug`, tdklrç qud ajip`dtgr dstjs agipjs sé iosij. Sjr bgvjr, ajksu`td g su gliokostrgljr ld rdl pgrg `g gsofkgaoñk ld OS igkug`.
73.7.>5 Ajkbofurgaoñk Vo-Bo
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ 73.7.15 @GK
GETQ\DQ; Ajkbofurgaoñk ld rdl; @GK
rdl Ajkbof pgrg dlotgr `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld @GK.
Dtmdrkdt dk `g pgrtd `gtdrg` ld `g ukolgl. Dstd ds d` iïtjlj içs rçpolj, içs sdfurj ld `g ajkdxoñk g `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj. Qd`daaojkd d` idkõ ld ajkbofurgaoñk ld @GK dk `g
OS ld `g ukolgl dk d` kgvdfgljr ld` jrldkgljr. @g oktdrbgz ld usugroj pudld ajkdatgrsd g ukg @GK pjr agn`d (rdl ld çrdg `jag`) dxostdktd idlogktd `g ajkdxoñk ld` pudrtj
Ttoòad d` njtñk Fugrlgr / Gatugòzgr pgrg fugrlgr `js geustds ld @GK.
OISJ^\GK\D5
kdadsolgl ld uk Ldnd
Lagn`d
dndDtmdrkdt
rdaoa`gr aruzglj.
d` pjldrTtoòzgr
To (gpgfgr `g ukolgl
ukg lordaaoñk y sofud)pgrg
OS dstçtoag pgrg ajkbofurgaoñk
d` jrldkgljr, dk d`sdg dbdatovg.
iosij rgkfj qud `g ukolgl, tg`ds ajij 73.73.>.4 d oktrjluzag `g lordaaoñk
Ajkbofurgaoñk pjr ldbdatj

OS @GK5 73.73.>.7
Içsagrg ld sunrdl5 >44.>44.>44.3
Ajkdxoñk lordatg
@g igyjrég ld `js dquopjs ajk uk glgptgljr Fofgnot kdfjaogrç gutjiçtoagidktd y gsé augklj sd ajkdatg lordatgidktd g `g ukolgl (kj g trgvïs ld uk oktdrruptjr) kj mgnrç
@GK
Gatovgr j ldsgatovgr d` pudrtj Dtmdrkdt ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
Mgn`g g
LMAS / Igkug`
Qd pudld d`dfor `g gsofkgaoñk ld OS lokçioag, dk auyj agsj d` To gsofkgrç gutjiçtoagidktd ukg lordaaoñk OS, içsagrg ld rdl y pudrtg ld dk`gad. Qo dòfd `g gsofkgaoñk
ld OS igkug`, tdklrç qud ajip`dtgr dstjs agipjs sé iosij. Sjr bgvjr, ajksu`td g su gliokostrgljr ld rdl pgrg `g gsofkgaoñk ld OS igkug`.
73.7.15 GETQ\DQ @GK
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ AJK\^GQD×G IGDQ\^G
MG^L @JAH (GLIOK / SGQQ) òiotgaojkds ld gaadsj

Tkg agrgatdréstoag òiotgaoñk ld gaadsj prjtdaaoñk ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg mg solj losd÷glj pgrg pdriotor qud uk usugroj mg okoaoglj sdsoñk ajk ukg ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg `g
agpgaolgl ld ldbokor ukg gipòg fgig ld òiotgaojkds ld gaadsj idza`gljr pgrg jtrjs usugrojs ajkdatgljs (sok d` ajkjaoiodktj ld `g ajktrgsd÷g. Ds ldaor, kj
ajkdatglj).
Gatovgaoñk ld `g prjtdaaoñk IGDQ\^J AJK\^GQD×G5

- Rgyg g Ajkbofurgaoñk -; pdstg÷g GAADQJ
- Qd`da
Qd`daaojkd
aojkd dd`` njtñk G
Gatovg
atovgrr
- Dstgn`dadr ukg ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg ld su d`daaoñk pgrg pdriotor igdstrg ld prjtdaaoñk ld ajktrgsd÷g Kjtg5 Gatovgaoñk ld `g
prjtdaaoñk IGDQ\^J AJK\^GQD×G rdfostrgrç gutjiçtoagidktd uk usugroj dk.
@g ldsgatovgaoñk ld prjtdaaoñk igdstrg AJK\^GQD×G5

- Rgyg g Ajkbofurgaoñk -; pdstg÷g GAADQJ
- Qd`daaojkd d` njtñk Ldsgatovgr
- Oktrjluzag `g ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg pgrg ldsgatovgr `g prjtdaaoñk IGDQ\^J AJK\^GQD×G
Ajkdxoñk y ajkbofurgaoñk ld pdriotor d` gaadsj ld aòdktd pgrg5

G ajkdatglj usugroj pudld ldbokor F@JNG@ òiotgaojkds ld gaadsj ld aòdktd pgrg kj okoaogr sdsoñk dk usugrojs g` pdriotor d` gaadsj g ldtdriokglgs pgrtds ld `g idza`gljrg ajij sd
ldbokd g ajktokugaoñk5
- kovd`ds guxoògrds kovd`ds ld idza`g - - GT] LD S^JADQGIODK\J LD IDUA@G LD S^JADQGIODK\J - IO] FGOK - ETFGLJ^ - KORD@ IGDQ\^J - IGDQ\^J LD
S^JADQGIODK\J
S^JADQGIODK\J - Qmjws - GETQ\DQ F@JNG@DQ
@JAG@ GT] AJK\^J@ (QTGRD LD GAADQJ DKGN@D^)

Tk dgn`dr gaadsj sugvd aòdktd `jag` pgrg d` ajktrj` GT] kj sd prjpjraojkg `js usugrojs rdfostrgljs. D` usugroj pudld ldbokor quï ds GT] quodrdk
ajktrj`gr so d` usugroj pgsd agpotçk qud mgyg pdriotolj d` gaadsj, yg sdg pgrg kovd`ds guxoògrds GT] j prjadsgiodktj.
^dstgn`daoiodktj ld ukg ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg pdrlolg5

Sgrg rdstgn`dadr ukg ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg pdrlolg d` usugroj pudld ajkdatgr ukg ukolgl TQN ajk uk gramovj vgaéj ``giglj igstdrpgss.txt (lordatjroj supdrojr) y
gpgfgr y dkadkldr `g ukolgl ajk d` njtñk ^DQD\ dk `g pgrtd `gtdrg` ld `g ukolgl ldproiolj. Igktdkfg pu`sglj d` njtñk ^DQD\ lprdssdl dstglj mgstg qud d` VoBo
@DL gzu` ld` pgkd` supdrojr sd ldtodkd b`gsmokf.\md ajktrgsd÷g
ajktrgsd÷g igdstrg sd rdstgn`dadrç.
73.7.< IGDQ\^J AJK\^GQD×G
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ GKD]J 375 kj mgy sjkolj:
ºQOK QJKOLJ: Tkg FTÉG LD LOGFKÑQ\OAJ
Tkg fuég ld sjùaoñk ld prjn`digs.

Tkj ld `js prjn`digs içs ajiukds qud dxpdroidktgk ajk `gs ajksj`gs ld idza`g ds dkajktrgr ukg dktrglg qud kj gpgrdad dk ukg sgòlg. Mgy
iuamgs rgzjkds pjson`ds pgrg dstj, pdrj `g idejr igkdrg ld sjùaojkgr prjn`digs ds qud pgsgr pjr d` agiokj ld `g sd÷g` dspdrglg y dktrdkgiodktj
dk d` qud d` 'nrdgh' ds ...
\ginoïk ds oipjrtgktd qud tjlj d` dkrutgiodktj ljn`d ajktrj`, gsofkgaojkds, y d` dstglj ld Qj`j / Iutd Frjup.
Sudld ajiprjngr `g rutg ld guloj dxgatg ld aug`quodr sd÷g` ajksu`tgklj d` logfrgig ld rdajrrolj ld `g sd÷g` ld dktrglg dk `g Qdaaoñk >.1.
Qj`js sjk okgatovjs:
Ajiprjngr so `g 'Q' ld aj`jr gigro``j sd iudstrg dk `g pgktg``g Igstdr Amgkkd` j uk okloagljr dk sjòtgroj gatovg gigro``g dk `g pçfokg ld` pgkd`, so uk agkg` ds
gatovglj ajij sjòstg ùdfj tjljs `js ldiçs agkg`ds pudldk sdr so`dkaogljs.
Dstj kj ldnd gbdatgr g ukg sgòlg prokaopg` ozquodrlg / ldrdamg j Ijkj idkjs qud d` ijlj dk sjòtgroj + MS IGQ\D^ dstï mgnoòtglj dk `g ajkbofurgaoñk.
Njrrgr tjljs `js gatovjs Qj`js yg sdg oklovolugìdktd, j idlogktd d` usj ld A@G^J QJ@J dk `g pgktg``g ld` tgn`drj ld okstruidktjs.
Ajiprudnd `g dktrglg!
@g dktrglg bésoag sd ldnd ajkdatgr ajrrdatgidktd. @js kõidrjs ld dktrglg bésoags ajrrdspjkldk g `js kõidrjs ld agkg` ld dktrglg dk d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz
ld usugroj.
ºMgy g`fj dk `js idloljrds:

G` igragr `js idtrjs ld rutg ld dktrglg y sgòlg, qud ldnd sdr agpgz ld `jagòzgr uk prjn`dig dk frgk idlolg. @g idloaoñk ld `js agkg`ds ld dktrglg sd prjluad ldspuïs ld `g dktrglg ld
ioarñbjkj / `ékdg, pdrj gktds ld qud d` rdstj ld` agkg` ld dktrglg. Sjr `j tgktj, so `g sd÷g` ld dktrglg ds vçòlg, y ustdl mg gpòaglj suboaodktd fgkgkaog, ldndrég vdr ukg okloagaoñk ld kovd` dk
`js idloljrds ld dktrglg.
Agkg` ld sgòlg ld idloaoñk sd tjag eustj gktds ld `g sgòlg bésoag.
ºQjk 'dk bgsd':

Bgsd sñ`j ds prjngn`d qud agusd uk prjn`dig so `gs sd÷g`ds ajmdrdktds sd gpòagk g içs ld uk agkg` y ginjs sd dkagiokgk ld `g iosig igkdrg. Sjr dedip`j, ds
pjson`d qud d` usj ld ukg sd÷g` ld prudng, j d` usj ld ljs agkg`ds pgrg `g iosig sd÷g`. Sudld ajiprjngr so `g bgsd ds uk prjn`dig g` aginogr `g bgsd (pçfokg FGOK)
dk ukj ld dsjs agkg`ds. Qo d` guloj sd vud`vd, g ajktokugaoñk, nusagr `g agusg ld` prjn`dig bgsd - pudld sdr qud ukg ajkdxoñk dquoònrglg mg solj ajkdatglj ld
bjrig okajrrdatg, pjr dedip`j.

GSS375 kj mgy sjkolj:
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ GKD]J 375 kj mgy sjkolj:
ºQOK QJKOLJ: Tkg FTÉG LD LOGFKÑQ\OAJ
Ds `g adrrglg pudrtg:
Ds pjson`d qud uk prjadsj ld Sudrtg ig` geustglj pgrg ldtdkdr tjlgs `gs sd÷g`ds.
Dstj jaurrd ajk igyjr brdaudkaog augklj d` uinrg` ds ldigsoglj g`tj y `g sd÷g` kukag sd vud`vd `j suboaodktdidktd budrtd pgrg 'gnodrtg' `g pudrtg. Sudld ajiprjngr bçaoìdktd dstj sok pgsgr pjr
`gs pudrtgs gatovj dk `g pdstg÷g lokçioag (L_K) ld `g pçfokg ld dloaoñk ld agkg`ds.
ºMgy so`dkaog gatovjs:

@g oktdrbgz ld usugroj qud pdriotd g so`dkaogr agkg`ds ld bjrig oklovolug`, g trgvïs ld `js frupjs ld so`dkaogiodktj, j pjr idloj ld so`dkaogr tjljs y IT\D B] njtjkds ld `js dk d` tgn`drj ld
okstruidktjs.
jpdrgaoñk Iutd Frjup sd ldsarond dk `g sdaaoñk 2.7.
Ds d` Bgldr pgrg grrong:
@gs kdadsolglds ld` ldsòzgljr ld agkg` qud sd dstgn`dzagk suboaodktdidktd g`tj g` dkagiokgr g aug`quodr ldstokj pjst-bgldr. Qo su rutg ld sgòlg ld` prjn`dig ds prd-bgldr, dktjkads `g
pjsoaoñk ld` bgldr kj tdklrç kokfõk dbdatj.
Ds vçòlg `g sgòlg ld` trgzglj Agkg` Igdstrj:
Agso dxgatgidktd `js iosijs ajktrj`ds qud gktdrojridktd sd pudldk rdgòzgr dk uk agkg` ld sgòlg (dkvéjs Gux, Jutput Igstdr). Dedautgr g trgvïs ld `gs iosigs
ajiprjngaojkds qud d` gktdrojr pdrj pgrg d` agkg` ld sgòlg.
Ds vçòlg `g sgòlg bésoag:

Ajiprudnd `g ajkdxoñk y d` sostdig ld rdpdtoaoñk.
Qo `g idloaoñk dstç ijstrgklj ukg sgòlg vçòlg, ds prjngn`d qud mgyg uk prjn`dig dk, j ldspuïs, `g sgòlg bésoag.
GSS375 kj mgy sjkolj:
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ GKD]J 3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
QOQ\DIG BGW
@g oktdrbgz ld usugroj kj ds sñ`j uk idza`gljr ld guloj - sd trgtg ld uk puktj ld gaadsj VoBo y uk sdrvoljr wdn, y sd dedautg d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` sjbostoaglj pgrg lospjsotovjs
lospjsotovjs
ld td`dbjkég y ld topj tgn`dtg. @gs sofuodktds lordaaojkds BGW aug`quodr prjn`dig qud pudlg tdkdr ajk dstd 'sostdig' gspdatj
gspdatj ld `g jpdrgaoñk oktdrbgz ld usugroj.
W5 ºAñij sd ldsagrfg `g gpòagaoñk To: TK5 @js idza`gljrds ld `g sdrod To kj kdadsotgk ukg gpòagaoñk. Qñ`j todkd qud ajkdatgr g `g idsg ld
idza`gs To vég Vo-Bo ldsld aug`quodr lospjsotovj (SA, tgn`dt, td`ïbjkj). Okoaogr uk kgvdfgljr M\I@ 4 (Fjjf`d Amrjid, Ijzo``g Bordbjx, Qgbgro, dta.) y d` topj
dk `g sofuodktd T^@ dk su kgvdfgljr5 ‐uo-ioxd
‐uo-ioxdr.oj’.
r.oj’. G pgrtor ld gmé, d`dfor `g oktdrbgz Frgkld (SA j tgn`dtg) j oktdrbgz pgrg pdqud÷js (td`ïbjkjs).
(td`ïbjkjs).
W5 ºSjr quï io OJQ Vo-Bo vgk aginogklj g jtrg rdl augklj d` lospjsotovj sd vg g ljrior: TK5 ºAñij ldaold quï OJQ
rdl okg`çinroag pgrg gutj-ukorsd g5 mttps5//suppjrt.gpp`d.aji/dk-
mttps5//suppjrt.gpp`d.aji/dk-us/M\>3>=17
us/M\>3>=17
Sudld ajkbofurgr su lospjsotovj oJQ pgrg ajkdatgrsd gutjiçtoagidktd g ukg rdl okg`çinroag dspdaéboag ajk uk pdrbo`. \gktj Gpp`d
Ajkbofurgtjr y JQ ] Qdrvdr Gliokostrgljr ld pdrbo`ds gpjygk dstg jpaoñk dk `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj. mttps5//suppjrt.gpp`d.aji/dk-gu/M\<?=?
mttps5//suppjrt.gpp`d.aji/dk-gu/M\<?=?
W5 @g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj kj bukaojkg dk io lospjsotovj Gklrjol: TK5 @g gpòagaoñk wdn To rdquodrd uk kgvdfgljr 'ijldrkg' qud sjpjrtg M\I@4
agrgatdréstoags ajij òdkzj y wdnsjahdts. `js lospjsotovjs Gklrjol qud utoòzgk `g gaaoñk oktdfrglg dk d` kgvdfgljr ld Gklrjol gktdrojrds g `g vdrsoñk <.< kj sjk
ajipgton`ds ajk wdnsjahdts, y ajij tg` kj bukaojkgrç. Kjsjtrjs sufdroijs gatugòzgr d` lospjsotovj g ukg vdrsoñk içs gatug` ld` sostdig jpdrgtovj y d` kgvdfgljr.
\ginoïk sd rdajiodklg okstg`gr y utoòzgr d` kgvdfgljr Amrjid, qud ds tjtgìdktd ajipgton`d ajk `gs agrgatdréstoags ijldrkgs ld` kgvdfgljr.
W5 ºAñij jpdrj pgktg``g ajip`dtg g` ofug` qud ukg gpòagaoñk: G (OJQ)5 Okoaogr d` kgvdfgljr Qgbgro dk oJQ ld Gpp`d y kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg wdn j
dk `g wdn qud ldsdg gfrdfgr g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`. \jag d` njtñk Ajipgrtor dk `g ngrrg ld mdrrgiodktgs ld` kgvdfgljr - qud ds d` rdatçkfu`j ajk ukg b`damg
gpuktgklj mgaog grrong. Ds dk `g ngrrg dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ld `g pgktg``g dk uk oSgl, y dk `g ngrrg dk `g pgrtd okbdrojr ld `g pgktg``g dk uk oSmjkd j oSjl
\juam. Su`sd dk `g jpaoñk Gfrdfgr g Okoaoj oajkj ld `g pgktg``g dk d` idkõ Ajipgrtor.
G (Gklrjol)5 @gkzgr Amrjid pgrg Gklrjol y gnror `g pçfokg wdn j wdn qud ldsdg pok g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`. Su`sd dk d` njtñk ld idkõ y
tjag G÷glor g pgktg``g ld okoaoj. Sjlrçs oktrjluaor uk kjinrd pgrg d` gaadsj lordatj y ùdfj Amrjid `j g÷glordijs g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`.
D` oajkj gpgrdadrç dk `g pgktg``g prokaopg` ajij aug`quodr jtrg gpòagaoñk j uk wolfdt ld gaadsj lordatj, pjr `j qud pudld grrgstrgr g su g`rdldljr y pjkdr`j ljkld
quodrg. Amrjid pgrg Gklrjol agrfgs ld `g pçfokg wdn ajij ukg 'gpòagaoñk wdn' augklj sd tjag d` oajkj, pjr `j qud tdklrç su prjpog dktrglg dk d` ajkiutgljr ld
gpòagaoñk y kj tdklrç kokfukg oktdrbgz ld kgvdfgljr dk d` agiokj.
Jtrjs kgvdfgljrds Gklrjol pjpu`grds tginoïk jbrdadk dstg bukaoñk. Sjr dedip`j, Bordbjx pgrg Gklrjol pudld mgadr dstj so tjag d` njtñk ld idkõ,
tjag `g jpaoñk Sçfokg y tjag G÷glor g pgktg``g ld okoaoj.
GSS3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QOQ\DIG BGW
G (Vokljws =, =,7, ^\)5 Jnvogidktd, dstj ds içs õto` dk tgn`dtgs, kj dk SAs ld dsarotjroj dk d` qud kj quodrd vdr `g pgktg``g ld okoaoj. Rgyg g `g pçfokg wdn qud
ldsdg pgsgljr, tord mgaog grrong ld `g ngrrg ld `g gpòagaoñk mgaodklj aòa ldrdamj j ldsp`gzçkljsd mgaog grrong ldsld `g pgrtd okbdrojr ld `g pgktg``g y tjqud dk d` oajkj
ld dstrd``g. \jag d` oajkj ld igragljr, dsarong uk kjinrd pgrg d` gaadsj lordatj y mgfg aòa dk Gka`gr g Okoaoj. D` sotoj wdn gpgrdadrç ajij uk ijsgoaj dk `g pgktg``g
ld okoaoj.
G (Vokljws Smjkd)5 Gnrg d` sotoj wdn qud ldsdg boegr dk Oktdrkdt Dxp`jrdr.
Dxp`jrdr. Su`sd dk d` njtñk
njtñk Içs (...
(...)) y pu`sd gka`gr g Okoaoj dk d`
idkõ qud gpgrdad.
W5 ºSudlj agrfgr d` lospjsotovj TQN ld `js pudrtjs TQN ld `g oktdrbgz ld usugroj: TK5 Qé, `js pudrtjs TQN ld
mgrlwgrd To pudldk sdr utoòzgljs ajij budktd ld dkdrfég ld` lospjsotovj.
W5 ºSudlj ajkdatgr ukg gktdkg içs pjtdktd: TK5 A`grj, `g gktdkg okaùolg sdrç suboaodktd pgrg iuamjs dktjrkjs. Qok dingrfj, sd gtjrko``g
bçaoìdktd y sd pudld sustotuor ajk ukg içs frgkld. içs pjtdktd gipòboagljr ld `g gktdkg.
W5 ºAñij sd rdstgn`dad uk idza`gljr To: TK5 Mgy
vgrojs ijljs ld rdpjsoaoñk5
^dstgn`dadr ajktrgsd÷g ld Gliokostrgaoñk y ^dlds sñ`j so sd mg j`volglj `g ajktrgsd÷g ld gliokostrgljr, j puktj ld gaadsj pgrg `g ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo
sñ`j todkd qud utoòzgr d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj dk d` pgkd` ld` `glj ozquodrlj. Ttoòad uk aòp pgrg igktdkdr pu`sglj d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj lurgktd gprjxoiglgidktd 73
sdfukljs ld dkadkldr `g ukolgl. Dstj okoaogòzgr KD\ ajktrgsd÷g ld trgngej y ld gliokostrgaoñk ld` To g` dstglj pjr ldbdatj.
^dstgn`dadr d` boriwgrd ld bçnroag pjr ldbdatj

Dstd iïtjlj dòiokg tjljs `js aginojs qud pudlg mgndr rdgòzglj dk d` idza`gljr y sd vud`vd g `g bga- tjrog boriwgrd ld` dkvéj y d` dstglj pjr ldbdatj. Ardgr uk
``giglj bu``rdsdt.txt gramovj ld prudng (kj mgy ajktdkolj ds kdadsgroj) y ajpogr g ukg idijrog TQN. Oksdrtd `g idijrog TQN dk ukj ld `js pudrtjs TQN ld `g oktdrbgz
ld usugroj. Ttoòad uk aòp pgrg igktdkdr pu`sglj d` njtñk ld rdokoaoj lurgktd gprjxoiglgidktd 73 sdfukljs ld dkadkldr `g ukolgl. @g oktdrbgz ld usugroj rdajkjadrç
d` gramovj bu``rdsdt.txt dk `g idijrog TQN y rdgòzgr uk rdstgn`daoiodktj ld bçnroag ajip`dtg.
W5 ºAuçktj todipj tjig d` To pgrg d` grrgkqud: TK5 Gprjxoiglgidktd
>3->> sdfukljs.
W5 ºAñij pudlj gatugòzgr d` boriwgrd ld `g To: TK5
7) Ldsagrfgr d` gramovj ld gatugòzgaoñk ld `g oktdrbgz ld `g pçfokg wdn. D` bjrigtj ds5 uouplgtd-7.3.1<1<-To><^.zop (òadkaog dk bjrigtj zop)
>) Ajpogr d` gramovj g uk lospjsotovj ld idlojs TQN gldauglj pgrg `g ajkdxoñk g uk pudrtj TQN idza`gljrds To. Kjtg5 D` gramovj pudld rdsolor dk aug`quodr lordatjroj.
Aug`quodr pudrtj TQN dk d` idza`gljr ds gadptgn`d.
1) Gsdfõrdsd ld qud uk lospjsotovj ld aòdktd dstç ajkdatglj g` idza`gljr To FTO
<) `js idlojs ld ajiukoagaoñk TQN AJKKDA\ g `g To idza`gljr 4 / @g pgktg``g FTO sd ijstrgrç qud d` lospjsotovj TQN sd mg ijktglj. Ldspuïs
ld qud d` pg`j sd mg `délj (tg` vdz 73 sdfukljs içs) sd rdajkjadrç `g gatugòzgaoñk.
4) @g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj `d pdlorç so ldsdg gatugòzgr d` idza`gljr To. @gs jpaojkds sjk Gadptgr / Agkad`gr.
2) Qd`daaojkd Gadptgr pgrg ajkborigr

GSS3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QOQ\DIG BGW
6) D` idza`gljr To ``dvgrç g agnj ukg gatugòzgaoñk ld boriwgrd
=) @g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj prdsdktgrç uk idksged qud okloag so `g gatugòzgaoñk mg tdkolj ïxotj j kj.
?) Ldnd gpgfgr y dkadkldr `g ukolgl y vud`vg g ajkdatgr d` lospjsotovj aòdktd.
73) Gmjrg pudld kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg Gadrag ld pgrg vdr `g kudvg okbjrigaoñk ld `g vdrsoñk ld` boriwgrd.
W5 ºAñij gtdkugr `g dktrglg ld` rdprjluatjr ld idlojs ld ajiukoagaoñk: Ds sd÷g` ld iuamj ag`jr: TK5 Sudld utoòzgr geustgr d` ajktrj` ld
fgkgkaog ld` ajiprdsjr mgstg ->< lN pgrg ajipdksgr `g sd÷g` okardén`didktd agòdktd qud iuamjs gramovjs ld guloj sd ljiokgk g`. Dstd geustd gatugrç ajij ukg
gìjmglo``g y pdriotor rgkfj gloaojkg` dk d` bgldr kovd` ld jpdrgr.
W5 ºSjr quï g`fukjs d`didktjs ld `g oktdrbgz frçboag ld usugroj sdio trgkspgrdktd (dk fros): TK5 Tk aj`jr fros d`didktj ld ajktrj` frçboaj ds
ukj qud gpgrdad ajk uk tjkj a`grj ld (dstglj trgkspgrdktd j sdio) ld aj`jr fros, pgrg okloagr qud sd dkaudktrg gatugìdktd ldsgatovglj y kj sd pudld
utoòzgr j sd`daaojkglj pjr d` usugroj. Dstg ajkvdkaoñk ds gipògidktd utoòzglj dk `gs oktdrbgads frçboags ld usugroj, pgrg okloagr vosugìdktd d` qud `gs
gaaojkds kj sd pudldk tjigr dk `g sotugaoñk gatug`. Dstd dkbjqud mgad pjson`d ldsgatovgr uk ajktrj` augklj kj sd pudld utoòzgr, y lgr ukg sd÷g` a`grg ld dsd
dstglj, iodktrgs sd igktodkd d` d`didktj ld ajktrj` frçboaj dk uk ùfgr ajksostdktd, iokoiozgklj ld dstg igkdrg `g ajkbusoñk pgrg d` usugroj.
W5 ºSudlj usgr `g iosig idijrog TQN pgrg `g rdprjluaaoñk y `g frgngaoñk: TK5Sgrg `js lospjsotovjs ld idlojs TQN vd`jaolgl rçpolg qud dstj
bukaojkgrç. Sgrg idijrogs TQN suboaodktdidktd rçpolj `g frgngljrg pudld sg`tgr iudstrgs y rdfostrj arueolj.
W5 ºSjr quï kj pudlj ajkdatgr ldspuïs ld aginogr `g ajktrgsd÷g VSG: TK5 G` aginogr `g ajktrgsd÷g ld rdl sd rdajiodklg sodiprd
sd j`vold `g ajkdxoñk ld rdl VoBo ajrrdspjklodktd dk `js aòdktds gktds ld oktdktgr Sgrg vj`vdr g ukor. Aodrtjs lospjsotovjs agamï `g okbjrigaoñk ld `g
rdl y kj pdriotdk ajkdxojkds ldspuïs ld aginogr `g ajktrgsd÷g VSG mgstg qud ` g rdl sd j`volg dk d` aòdktd.
G vdads pudld tginoïk sdr

sdr ndkdboaojsj pgrg ldsgatovgr y ùdfj pdriotor qud d` glgptgljr Vo-Bo pgrg gsdfur
gsdfurgr
gr `g okbjrigaoñk ld rdl ld` aòdktd brdsag.
brdsag.
W5 ºSjr quï tdkfj ajkdxojkds pdrlolgs:
Augklj sd utoòzg d` idza`gljr dk dktjrkjs VoBo g`tgidktd pjn`glgs j lostgkaog dxtdklolg sd rdajiodklg utoòzgr ukg gktdkg ld g`tg pjtdkaog j
rjutdr dxtdrkj.
GSS3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
QOQ\DIG BGW-MLIO
prjn`digs ld ajkdxoñk MLIO5

D` To><^ rdquodrd qud MLIO ajkdatglj ajipjkdktds sdgk agpgads ld rdajkjadr y sd ajiukoagk dktrd sé. Dstj sd ajkjad ajij d` ‐gprdtñk
ld igkjs MLIO’. Qo d` ‐gprdtñk ld igkjs’ kj bukaojkg, d` aobrglj MLAS qud dstç okarustglg dk `g sd÷g` MLIO kj dstç sodklj rdajkjaolj
gldauglgidktd pjr ukj, j içs, ld `js ajipjkdktds ajkdatgljs.
Dstj g idkulj rdsu`tg dk kj sdr agpgz ld vdr kglg dk su ijkotjr.
Gktds qud
qud `g brustrgaoñk
brustrgaoñk dk,
dk, mgy g`fukgs
g`fukgs ajsgs
ajsgs qud pudld mg
mgadr
adr ustdl
ustdl iosij so ustdl dk
dkaudktrg
audktrg q
qud
ud sus ajipjkdk
ajipjkdktds
tds ajkdatgljs
ajkdatgljs pjr
pjr MLIO kj sd
sd
ajiukoagk ajrrdatgidktd.
7. Oktdktd uk lovdrsj tjig ld ajkdxoñk pgrg `js ajipjkdktds ld sdaudkaog5
Dk jtrgs pg`gnrgs, so ustdl todkd `g ajstuinrd ld dkadkldr d` Ijkotpr proidrj, dktjkads su To><^ trgtgr d` forj okvdrsj ld `g sdaudkaog
y vdr so bukaojkg.
Qo dkaudktrg ukg sdaudkaog qud bukaojkg, rdajrlgr`j. Sjr supudstj, gsdfõrdsd ld qud augklj tjlj dstç dkadklolg y ld qud mg
sd`daaojkglj `g dktrglg ajrrdatg dk d` ijkotjr.
Tkg vdz qud mgyg ldtdriokglj `g idejr sdaudkaog ld dkadklolj - gkjtgr`g pgrg rdbdrdkaog buturg.
>. Ajiprjngr ^dsjùaoñk ld véldj Geustd ld sgòlg ld su lospjsotovj Budktd5
To><^ rdsjùaoñk ld sgòlg sd boeg dk 6>3p ajiprjngaoñk ld qud d` ijkotjr sd dstgn`dad dk `g iosig rdsjùaoñk, gsé, `g igyjrég ld `js ijkotjrds ld
dsag`g gutjiçtoagidktd g `g rdsjùaoñk ajrrdatg, gukqud g`fukjs kdadsotgk sd`da- aoñk igkug`.
1. Qjùaoñk ld prjn`digs ld MLIO g LRO j LRO g MLIO prjn`digs ld ajkdxoñk

Jtrj prjn`dig ld ajkdxoñk MLIO g vdads surfd augklj ds kdadsgroj ajkdatgr uk lospjsotovj ajipgton`d ajk MLIO g uk td`dvosjr j ijkotjr
qud todkd ukg ajkdxoñk LRO, j uk lospjsotovj ld budktd LRO mgnoòtglj g uk td`dvosjr dquopglj ajk MLIO.
Dk dstd agsj, ds kdadsgroj utoòzgr uk agn`d ld ajkvdrsoñk MLIO-LRO (MLIO dk uk dxtrdij - LRO dk jtrg jtrg) j utoòzgr uk agn`d MLIO ajk uk
glgptgljr g÷glolj ld MLIO g LRO j uk agn`d LRO ajk uk glgptgljr LRO-g - glgptgljr ld MLIO. Damg uk vostgzj g `js dedip`js ld
glgptgljrds y agn`ds LRO / MLIO dk Gigzjk.aji
D` rdquosotj gloaojkg` ds qud d` lospjsotovj dquopglj ajk LRO qud sd dstç ajkdatgklj dstç mgnoòtglj pgrg MLAS. Dstj pdriotd qud
`g ajrrdatg ajiukoagaoñk dktrd ginjs lospjsotovjs MLIO y LRO.
Sjr `j fdkdrg`, kj ldndrég mgndr uk prjn`dig ld ajkvdrsoñk ld MLIO g LRO, pdrj kj pudld mgndr. Sjr dedip`j, sd dkaudktrg qud dk 1L y
<H sd÷g`ds kj sjk ajipgton`ds. Ajk sd÷g`ds ld véldj 73=3p <=3p ùaoñk rdsjkgkaogs dstçklgr, 6>3p, j.
Sjr jtrj `glj, tginoïk sd pudld dedautgr dk ukg sotugaoñk dk `js içs gktofujs td`dvosjrds dquopgljs-LRO qud, okaùsj so sjk ajipgton`ds ajk
MLAS, pudld qud kj tdkfgk d` boriwgrd gldauglj pgrg rdajkjadr `g oldktolgl ld` ajipjkdktd budktd MLIO qud dstç oktdktgklj ajkdatgr.
Tk MLIO GA\ORJ g LRO j MLIO g RFG kjrigìdktd bukaojkg idejr qud ukg pgsovg.
GSS3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
pgktg``g ld` sostdig BGW-\juam
\jqud prjn`digs ld ajkdxoñk5

D` To><^ rdquodrd qud `g okbjrigaoñk ld `g pgktg``g tçato` pudld pgsgr g trgvïs ld uk agn`d TQN g ukj ld igkdrg ld ajkdxoñk TQN G.
Aglg pgktg``g todkd su prjpoj kõidrj ld oldktoboagaoñk ld `` giglg TQN ROL y SOL, dk g`fukjs agsjs, okaùsj d` iosij ijld`j pudld tdkdr uk
ROL y d` SOL lobdrdktd ldpdklodklj ld` pgés dk qud sd glquoroñ g.
Mdijs oip`didktglj vgrojs tg`ds Oldktoboagaoñk ld `g To><^ pdrj ds oipjson`d pgrg kjsjtrjs sgndr tjlj d` kõidrj ld OL y tjlg `g pgktg``g qud pudld
dstgr lospjkon`d dk uk todipj buturj.
Dk tg`ds agsjs ajip`gadr d` gpjyj ld ajktgatj y ajrrdj d`datrñkoaj su ROL y SOL, d` ijld`j y `g vdrsoñk ld `g pgktg``g ld gyulg Qjuklargbt pgrg qud pjlgijs
g÷glor`j g` boriwgrd ld `g To><^.
@okux5 Qoip`didktd dedautd dk d` tdriokg` y dkajktrgr `js ldtg``ds ld su pg`j
`susn
IGA JQ5
systdiZprjbo`dr
systdiZprjbo`dr QSTQNLgtg\ypd
Vokljds SA5
Gnror d` ‐Gliokostrgljr ld lospjsotovjs’.
lospjsotovjs’.
Dkaudktrg d` lospjsotovj TQN, ROL y SOL, qud sd quodrd ldbokor. Ldspuïs ld mgadr aòa ajk d`
njtñk ldrdamj, sd`daaojkgr ‐Srjpodlglds’ Dk `g vdktgkg qud gpgrdad, sd`daaojkd `g pdstg÷g
‐Lgtjs’ y, so ds kdadsgroj,
d`dfor ld `g òstg `ékdg ‐Ldvoad OL ld okstgkaog’-ldsp`dfgn`ds
Sjr bgvjr dkvogr dstg okbjrigaoñk g `g lordaaoñk ld ajrrdj d`datrñkoaj Qjuklargbt gpjyj.
GSS3>5 QOQ\DIG BGW
www.Igkug`sòn.aji
Ajkbofurgaoñk ld ukg ajkdxoñk
Gukqud d` To><^ todkd ajkdatovolgl

ajkdatovolgl Vobo, sd ldnd tdkdr auolglj
auolglj dk d` usj ld loamg ajkdxoñk ukg ljkld sd rdquodrd `g oktdrbdrdkaog
oktdrbdrdkaog pudld jaurror y
ajktrj` ld `g lostgkaog içs `grfg.
Dk tg`ds sotugaojkds, sd rdajiodklg utoòzgr uk ijtjr içs pjtdktd rjutdr dxtdrkj ajk gktdkgs içs frgklds j usgr ukg ajkdxoñk Dtmdrkdt
lordatgidktd g `g To><^.
Tsgklj ukg gpòagaoñk ld dsaçkdr Vobo ldnd ldtdriokgr quï agkg`ds dstçk ònrds dk su çrdg y dstgn`dadr d` To><^ utoòzgr ukj ld
dstjs agkg`ds.
Tstdl tginoïk ldnd tdkdr ukg `ékdg ld vosoñk lordatg g `g gktdkg ld VoBo ld `g To><^ j rjutdr qud dstç utoòzgklj.
LJI drrjr 7=
Qo ustdl dstç rdaonodklj d` sofuodktd idksged ld drrjr augklj sd ajkdatg g` puktj ld gaadsj g trgvïs ld` opgl ld` idza`gljr To5 <?= QdaurotyDrrjr LJI
dxadpaoñk 7=. Qd mozj uk oktdktj ld rjipdr g trgvïs ld `g pj`étoag ld sdfurolgl ld gfdktd ld usugroj. Ds prjngn`didktd agusglj lurgktd `g dedauaoñk ld uk
sgbgro dk OJQ, dk Qgbgro, dstj prjngn`didktd sofkoboag qud su kgvdfgljr dstç n`jqudgklj `gs ajjhods qud sjk kdadsgrogs pgrg @gstSgss g` trgngej. Sjr bgvjr,
gatovg `gs ajjhods, vgyg g Qgbgro aogs prdbdrdkaogs; Srovgaolgl; Ajjhods y lgtjs ld pçfokg wdn; dòfd5 'Sdriotor sodiprd'. Qgbgro rdokoaoj y vud`vd g oktdktgr`j.
ºAñij jpdrj pgktg``g ajip`dtg g` ofug` qud ukg gpòagaoñk:
oJQ
Okoaogr d` kgvdfgljr Qgbgro dk oJQ ld Gpp`d y kgvdfgr g `g pçfokg wdn j dk `g wdn qud ldsdg gfrdfgr g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`. \jag d` njtñk Ajipgrtor dk `g
ngrrg ld mdrrgiodktgs ld` kgvdfgljr - qud ds d` rdatçkfu`j ajk ukg b`damg gpuktgklj mgaog grrong. Ds dk `g ngrrg dk `g pgrtd supdrojr ld `g pgktg``g dk uk
oSgl, y dk `g ngrrg dk `g pgrtd okbdrojr ld `g pgktg``g dk uk oSmjkd j oSjl \juam. Su`sd dk `g jpaoñk Gfrdfgr g O koaoj oajkj ld `g pgktg``g dk d` idkõ Ajipgrtor.
Gklrjold
@gkzgr Amrjid pgrg Gklrjol y gnror `g pçfokg wdn j wdn qud ldsdg pok g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`. Su`sd dk d` njtñk ld idkõ y tjag G÷glor g
pgktg``g ld okoaoj. Sjlrçs oktrjluaor uk kjinrd pgrg d` gaadsj lordatj y ùdfj Amrjid `j g÷glordijs g `g pgktg``g prokaopg`.
D` oajkj gpgrdadrç dk `g pgktg``g prokaopg` ajij aug`quodr jtrg gpòagaoñk j uk wolfdt ld gaadsj lordatj, pjr `j qud pudld grrgstrgr g su g`rdldljr y pjkdr`j ljkld
quodrg. Amrjid pgrg Gklrjol agrfgs ld `g pçfokg wdn ajij ukg ‐gpòagaoñk wdn’ augklj sd tjag d` oajkj, pjr `j qud tdklrç su prjpog dktrglg dk d` ajkiutgljr ld
gpòagaoñk y kj tdklrç kokfõk kgvdfgljr ld oktdrbgz dk d` agiokj.
Jtrjs kgvdfgljrds Gklrjol pjpu`grds tginoïk jbrdadk dstg bukaoñk. Sjr dedip`j, Bordbjx pgrg Gklrjol pudld mgadr dstj so tjag d` njtñk ld idkõ,
tjag `g jpaoñk Sçfokg y tjag G÷glor g pgktg``g ld okoaoj.
Vokljws =, =,7, ^\
Jnvogidktd, dstj ds içs õto` dk tgn`dtgs, kj dk SAs ld dsarotjroj dk d` qud kj quodrd vdr `g pgktg``g ld okoaoj. Rgyg g `g pçfokg wdn qud ldsdg pgsgljr, tord mgaog grrong ld
`g ngrrg ld `g gpòagaoñk mgaodklj aòa ldrdamj j ldsp`gzçkljsd mgaog grrong ldsld `g pgrtd okbdrojr ld `g pgktg``g y tjqud dk d` oajkj ld dstrd``g. \jag d` oajkj ld igragljr,
dsarong uk kjinrd pgrg d` gaadsj lordatj y mgfg aòa dk Gka`gr g Okoaoj. D` sotoj wdn gpgrdadrç ajij uk ijsgoaj dk `g pgktg``g ld okoaoj.
\d`dbjkj wokljws
Gnrg d` sotoj wdn
wdn qud ldsdg boegr dk
dk Oktdrkdt Dxp
Dxp`jrdr.
`jrdr. Su`sd dk d` njtñk Içs (...)
(...) y pu`sd gka`gr g Okoaoj dk d` i
idkõ
dkõ qud gpgrdad.

PDF Manual Espaol Ui24r Compress

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PDF Manual Espaol Ui24r Compress

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

®

* ^djrodktgr j rdunoagr `g `g gktdkg rdadptjrg

Sgrg içs ldtg``ds ld` ajktgatj5

Qg`vj drrjr u jiosoñk ld dkdrj ld >376

Mgrigk Oktdrkgtojkg` Oklustrods @oiotdl =433 Ng`njg N`vl.

7.3 OK\^JLTAAOÑK G To 4.35 DLO\G^ AGKG@

>.35 Oktrjluaaoñk 4.1.7 GBQ> - Ajidktgrojs d`oiokgaoñk

>.75 Rosoñk fdkdrg` ld` sostdig 4,<5 75 Sudrtg

2.35 ajinokgk d`didktjs

1.15 Sgktg``gs \gn`dt 6.>5 ^dtgrlj

1.<5 Kgvdfgaoñk \d`ïbjkj 6.15 Ajrj

<.35 agkg`ds ld` idza`gljr

<.15 dkvéjs Gux 73.7.>5 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld Vo-Bo

<.1.75 igstdr guxo`ogr 73.7.15 Ajkbofurgaoñk ld @GK

<.2.75 Igdstrj sunidkõ AGKG@

• \gn`dt / SA / td`ïbjkj oktd`ofdktd ajktrj`glj idza`gljr lofotg`

• Srjadsgiodktj ld Qd÷g`ds `dfdklgrog Mgrigk lnx®, Lofotdam® y @dxoajk®

Sjr su prjpog sdfurolgl y pgrg dvotgr `g okvg`olgaoñk ld `g fgrgktég

G`drtg g` usugroj ld `g prdsdkaog ld okstruaaojkds ld

G`drtg g` usugroj ld `g prdsdkaog ld 'vj`tged 'vj`tged pd`ofrjsj'

suboaodktd pgrg ajkstotuor uk rodsfj ld ldsagrfg d`ïatroag pgrg

d` lostronuoljr sd Qjuklargbt. dxpjsoaoñk g `g rglojbrdaudkaog

(7) Dstd lospjsotovj kj pudld agusgr oktdrbdrdkaogs8 y

7.75 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; QDFT^OLGL

• Qdfuor tjlgs `gs okstruaaojkds.

• @g vdkto`gaoñk kj ldnd oipdlorsd aunrodklj `gs gnd

7.75 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; QDFT^OLGL

Gsdsjrgiodktj pgrg gqud``js G^^ODQFGLJQ

Adt gppgrdo` kuiïroqud ld `g A`gssd

Gktdkg uto`ozglg pjr dstd prjluatj5 ( QIG->.< / 4.=F-76=-@73=II)8 poaj

7.75 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; QDFT^OLGL

< Dstg fgrgktég sñ`j dstgrç lospjkon`d so5

2. D` ndkdboaoj ld dstg fgrgktég kj pjlrç sdr adlolj pjr d` usugroj bokg`.

7.>5 OK\^JLTAAOÑK; Fgrgktég

QJTKLA^GB\ To DQSDAOBOAGAOJKDQ \ÉSOAJQ • Ld-Dssdr

• fgkgkaog ld dktrglg • @gtdkaog

Ioa / @ékdg Fgok -2lN

Tinrg` ld -?3lN + 2 lN ld rd`gaoñk 75 7 - • TQN

MSB >3 Mz g 7 hMz (pdklodktds sd`daaojkgn`d

Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.35 Oktrjluaaoñk

OK\^JLTAAOÑK - TKG OK\^JLTAAOÑK G DQ\D IGKTG@

Sgrg dipdzgr g uto`ozgr d` ajktrj` To, vgyg g `g

Sgrg igyjr a`grolgl, dstg sdaaoñk uto`ozg rdbdrdkaogs igkug`ds dk `ufgr

>.35 IGKTG@ LD OK\^JLTAAOÑK G DQ\G

Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.75 LDQA^OSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG

Oktrjluaaoñk; LDQA^OSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG

>.75 LDQA^OSAOÑK FDKD^G@ LD@ QOQ\DIG

Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.>5 MG^LVG^D O / J _ AJK\^J@

kovd` dstgn`daolj pgrg `gs sg`olgs ld guroau`grds

agkg` dk d` sjbtwgrd ld ajktrj` ld oktdrbgz ld usugroj.

Dktrglg ld ioarj ]@^

dktrglgs ^AG ld kovd` ld `ékdg

tjigs pgrg guroau`grds

>.>5 Mgrlwgrd O / J ld ajktrj` _

Igkug` ld Tsugroj To><^ >.>5 MG^LVG^D O / J _ AJK\^J@

IO] @ / ^ JT\ST\ - ]@^

Ljiokgr sg`olgs ld `js agkg`ds ]@^

D` Igdstrj agkg` ]@^ y sg`olgs egah sjk ajkdxojkds dk pgrg`d`j (olïktoajs).

IO] @ / ^ JT\ST\ - EGAH

Ljiokgr `gs sg`olgs ld agkg` Egah

D` Igdstrj agkg` ]@^ y sg`olgs egah sjk ajkdxojkds dk pgrg`d`j (olïktoajs).

GT] / IG\^O] QG@OLGQ

@gs sg`olgs bésoags pgrg `gs sg`olgs Gux / Igtrox