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  • Contenidos - Tecnólogo en Gestión de Redes de Datos

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    SINDY ALEXANDRA GOMEZ HERRERA
    22 views67 pages
    1. The document discusses the role of technology and telecommunications in economic and social development, highlighting opportunities and challenges. 2. It notes that while technologies can help address local needs and demands, their adoption requires adequate infrastructure and skills training to ensure benefits are widely shared. 3. The document emphasizes integrating technology adoption with education and cultural strategies to develop critical thinking and meet long-term social goals.

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    Contenidos - Tecnólogo en Gestión de Redes de Datos (1) (2)

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    1. The document discusses the role of technology and telecommunications in economic and social development, highlighting opportunities and challenges. 2. It notes that while technologies can help address local needs and demands, their adoption requires adequate infrastructure and skills training to ensure benefits are widely shared. 3. The document emphasizes integrating technology adoption with education and cultural strategies to develop critical thinking and meet long-term social goals.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    22 views67 pages

    Contenidos - Tecnólogo en Gestión de Redes de Datos

    Uploaded by

    SINDY ALEXANDRA GOMEZ HERRERA
    1. The document discusses the role of technology and telecommunications in economic and social development, highlighting opportunities and challenges. 2. It notes that while technologies can help address local needs and demands, their adoption requires adequate infrastructure and skills training to ensure benefits are widely shared. 3. The document emphasizes integrating technology adoption with education and cultural strategies to develop critical thinking and meet long-term social goals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 67

     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    9. GLBASEIKGAL CÉ[GKI ND@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGAL ^G^T@INI


    9.9 Ndlaeglikgûl
    nd` Vrajriei8 JD[^GAL ND SDND[ ND NI^A[

    9.3. Kûngja 33=9=;


    Vrajriei8
    9.;. Rdrsgûl 3
    Vrajriei8
    Bdkmi glgkga prajriei8 6:/63/3636
    9.>. Rgjdlkgi nd`
    Vrajriei8 Bdkmi bgl prajriei8 D` prajriei iøl sd dlkudltri vgjdltd

    9.4 Nurikgûl Dtipi @dktgvi8 ;936 maris


    eéxgei dstgeini Dtipi Vranuktgvi8 =2> maris
    nd` iprdlngzihd
    (maris) ^ati`8 ;7=> maris
    9.2 ^gpa nd
    prajriei ^G^T@INA

    9.: ^åtu`a a
    kdrtgbgkina qud ^DKLÛ@AJA
    actdlnré
    D` nçbgkgt nd `i bareikgûl nd` rdkursa mueila, ds uli nd `is prglkgpi`ds cirrdris gndltgbgkinis dl d` dstunga
    piri d` ndsirra``a nd ul sdktar kaepdtgtgva dl `as piåsds dl ndsirra``a. I dstd rdspdkta, dl eukmis likgalds
    dxgstd ul nçbgkgt gepartiltd nd gljdlgdras nd sabtwird y dspdkgi`gstis nd érdis ibglds i `is ^dkla`ajåis nd `i
    Glbareikgûl y `i Kaeulgkikgûl (^GK), iså kaea glsubgkgdlkgis dl eitdrgi nd kipikgninds nd deprdlngegdlta d
    gllavikgûl, kaepdtdlkgis nd jdrdlkgi y jdstgûl kaedrkgi`. D` prac`dei prglkgpi` dl dstas piåsds, `a qud ip`gki
    tiecgçl piri Ka`aecgi, ds qud `i ndeilni patdlkgi` nd `i glnustrgi supdri `i abdrti `aki` nd eila nd acri
    ki`gbgkini, i ul rgtea qud pudnd dstilkir su krdkgegdlta, dspdkgi`edltd mikgi `as edrkinas dxtdrlas.

    Ninis `is praydkkgalds,


    Glbareikgûl ndspuçs nd 3692y d`
    (^G), krdkd dxpaldlkgi`edltd laprac`dei nd `i dskisdz
    pudnd rdsa`vdrsd nd ti`dlta
    békg`edltd. Var `adl ^dkla`ajåis
    tilta nd nd
    d` Jacgdrla `i
    Ka`aecgi mi taeina edngnis piri supdrir `i ngspalgcg`gnin nd ti`dlta y vdr `i dbdktgvgnin nd `is egseis, piri
    d` 369= d` nçbgkgt nd prabdsgali`ds nd ^G sd dstgei dl eés nd ;4.666, egdltris qud `i praydkkgûl nd
    krdkgegdlta nd deprdsis nd `i glnustrgi nd ^G ds nd ;.366, par `a tilta `i ndeilni nd bareikgûl dl
    tdkla`ajåis ludvis y dedrjdltds ds kini vdz eés rdqudrgni.
    9.= Hustgbgkikgûl D` prajriei ^dklû`aja dl Jdstgûl nd Sdnds nd Nitas sd krdû piri crglnir i` sdktar pranuktgva likgali` `i
    pasgcg`gninn nd glkarparir pdrsali` kal i`tis ki`gninds `icari`ds y prabdsgali`ds
    pasgcg`gni prabdsgali`ds qud kaltrgcuyil i` ndsirra``a
    dkalûegka, sakgi` y tdkla`ûjgka nd su dltarla y nd` piås, iså egsea abrdkdr i `as iprdlngkds bareikgûl dl
    kalbgjurikgûl y jdstgûl nd sdrvgkgas nd rdn dl sdrvgnards `aki`ds y dl `i lucd, dqugpas iktgvas nd
    gltdrkaldxgûl, glbridstrukturi nd vaz sacrd GV y rdnds gli`éecrgkis, d gep`dedltikgûl y ealgtarda nd pa`åtgkis
    nd sdjurgnin nd `i glbareikgûl, tanis tdkla`ajåis ldkdsirgis piri `i krdikgûl y sapartd nd glbridstrukturi nd
    ^G (^dkla`ajåi glbareétgki) qud dstç i` sdrvgkga nd `as achdtgvas nd ldjakga nd` [dktar Vranuktgva,
    glkrdedltilna su lgvd` nd kaepdtgtgvgnin y pranuktgvgnin rdqudrgna dl d` dltarla j`aci`gzina iktui`.

    @i kalstiltd dva`ukgûl y ndsirra``a tdkla`ûjgka, `i kini vdz eiyar inapkgûl nd `is ^GK dl `is deprdsis piri
    su barti`dkgegdlta
    Sdnds y sgstdeis yglbareétgkas,
    ndsirra``a deprdsirgi` mii`jdldrina
    qud jrikgis ul krdkgdltd
    glkrdedlta patdlkgi`
    nd `i ndeilni nd pranuktgva piri
    sgstdeis nd `i Jdstgûl ndd
    kaeulgkikgûl
    gltdrkiecga nd glbareikgûl rdqudrgnas par `i glnustrgi y `i

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 9 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    inapkgûl y ndsirra``a nd pa`åtgkis y lareitgvis par pirtd nd` dstina, mi gndltgbgkina `i ldkdsgnin nd patdlkgir
    d` érdi ^GK kaea d`dedlta bulniedlti` piri cuskir uli sakgdnin eés dqugtitgvi, ul sdktar pranuktgva eukma
    eés kaepdtgtgva y ulas kguninilas eés dnukinas. D` barti`dkgegdlta y krdkgegdlta sakgadkalûegka tilta i
    lgvd` rdjgali` kaea likgali`, ndpdlndl dl jril edngni nd kaltir kal ul rdkursa mueila ki`gbgkina, kipiz nd
    rdspalndr gltdjri`edltd i `i ngléegki deprdsirgi` nd` sdktar ^G.

    D` [DLI abrdkd dstd prajriei kal tanas `as d`dedltas nd bareikgûl prabdsgali`, sakgi`ds, tdkla`ûjgkas y
    ku`turi`ds, ipartilna kaea d`dedltas ngbdrdlkginards nd vi`ar ijrdjina edtana`ajåis nd iprdlngzihd
    gllavinaris, d` ikkdsa i tdkla`ajåis nd ø`tgei jdldrikgûl y uli dstrukturikgûl sacrd eçtanas eés qud
    kaltdlgnas, `a qud patdlkgi `i bareikgûl nd kguninilas `gcrdpdlsinards, kal kipikgnin kråtgki, sa`gnirgi y
    deprdlndnari, biktards qud `a ikrdngtil y `a mikdl pdrtgldltd y kamdrdltd kal su egsgûl, gllavilna
    pdreildltdedltd nd ikudrna kal `is tdlndlkgis y kiecgas tdkla`ûjgkas y `is ldkdsgninds nd` sdktar
    deprdsirgi` y nd `as tricihinards, gepiktilna pasgtgviedltd `i pranuktgvgnin, `i kaepdtgtgvgnin, `i dqugnin y d`
    ndsirra``a nd` piås.

    [dktar dkalûegka8 [DSRGKGA[


    9.7 [dktards i `as
    qud sd isakgi d` [dktar k`isd eulngi`8
    prajriei
    [dktar `akaeatari8

    Kdltrini
    bareikgûl dl
    par`ikaepdtdlkgis,
    kalstrukkgûl
    kaepdtdlkgis,ndd` iutalaeåi
    iprdlngzihdpiri
    iprdlngzihd par jiriltgzir
    praydktas y`i d`ki`gnin
    usa ndnd tçklgkis
    `i bareikgûl dl d`seirka
    ngnéktgkis
    ngnéktgki iktgvisndqud
    `i
    dstgeu`il d` pdlsiegdlta piri `i rdsa`ukgûl nd prac`deis sgeu`inas y rdi`ds? sapartinis dl `i utg`gzikgûl nd
    `is tdkla`ajåis nd `i glbareikgûl y `i kaeulgkikgûl, gltdjrinis, dl iecgdltds icgdrtas y p`urgtdkla`ûjgkas,
    qud dl tana kisa rdkrdil d` kaltdxta pranuktgva y vglku`il i` iprdlngz kal `i rdi`gnin katgngili y d` ndsirra``a
    nd `is kaepdtdlkgis.
    3.6 Dstritdjgi
    edtana`ûjgki Gjui`edltd, ndcd dstgeu`ir nd eildri pdreildltd `i iutakråtgki y `i rdb`dxgûl nd` iprdlngz sacrd d` qud
    mikdr y `as rdsu`tinas nd iprdlngzihd qud `ajri i trivçs nd `i vglku`ikgûl iktgvi nd `is kuitra budltds nd
    glbareikgûl piri `i kalstrukkgûl nd kalakgegdlta8
    -D` glstruktar - ^utar
    -D` dltarla
    -@is ^GK
    -D` triciha ka`icaritgva

    3. VDSBG@ GNÛLDA ND DJSD[A


    3.9 VDSBG@ AKTVIKGALI@
    3.9.9 LAECSD ND @I(s) AKTVIKGALD[ YTD VANSÉ ND[DEVDÙIS D@ DJSD[INA
    Kûngja nd` kiepa akupikgali` Akupikgûl
    33=9 ^çklgkas dl ^dkla`ajåis nd `i Glbareikgûl

    3.9.3 VSGLKGVI@D[ VSANTK^A[ ND@ ^SICIHA ND@ DJSD[INA


    D JSD[INA
    DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GAL ND SDN KALBGJTSINA[.
    [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN KALBGJTSINA[ W BTLKGALILNA DL [DSRGNASD[ W K@GDL^D[.
    [DSRGKGA[ ND VTC@GKIKGAL GL[^I@INA[.
    EA^AS ND CI[D ND NI^A[ GL[^I@INA W KALDK^INA I@ [DSRGKGA ND VTC@GKIKGAL ZDC.
    [DSRGKGA[ ND CIKO DLN VISI IV@GKIKGALD[ EARG@D[ GL[^I@INA[.
    SDN GLI@IECSGKI KALBGJTSINI W BTLKGALILNA.
    [DSRGKGA ND RAX GV GEV@DEDL^INA W BTLKGALILNA.
    VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND SDN GEV@DEDL^INI[ W VSACINI[.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 3 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    ND^DKKGAL W ILI@G[G[ ND RT@LDSICG@GNIN ND SDN.


    [A@TKGALD[ ND [DJTSGNIN GEV@DEDL^INI[.
    BGKMI[ ^DKLGKI[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND SDN.
    GLRDL^ISGA ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND SDN.
    EALG^ASDA ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.
    ILI@G[G[ND@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.
    KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA.
    3.9.; KAEVD^DLKGI[ YTD ND[ISSA@@ISÉ
    Laecrd n
    ndd La
    Larei n
    ndd Ka
    Kaepdtdlkgi @
    @iicari` / Tlgnin n
    ndd kka
    aep
    epddtdlkgi Kûngja L
    LK
    K@ / TK
    INEGLG[^SIS MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDN I VIS^GS ND 33646969>
    LASEI[ GL^DSLIKGALI@D[.
    INEGLG[^SIS GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI ND SDN [DJØL EAND@A[ ND 336469964
    SDBDSDLKGI W VSAKDNGEGDL^A ^ÇKLGKA.
    IV@GKIKGÛL ND KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND @I[ KGDLKGI[ LI^TSI@D[ ND IKTDSNA 336369469
    KAL [G^TIKGALD[ ND@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.
    IV@GKIS VSÉK^GKI[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL IECGDL^I@, [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ 336269469
    ^SICIHA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[ ASJILGXIKGALI@D[ W @I
    LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
    Kalbgjurir ngspasgtgvas iktgvas nd gltdrkaldxgûl sdjøl dspdkgbgkikgalds nd` ngsdùa y 33646996>
    prataka`as tçklgkas.
    KALBGJTSIS NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A ND IKTDSNA KAL 336469962
    D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ NG[DÙA W VSA^AKA@A[ ^ÇKLGKA[
    ND[ISSA@@IS VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIKD[ W DBDK^GRA[, 3>636943>
    ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I [G^TIKGALD[ ND ASNDL [AKGI@, VDS[ALI@ W
    Dhdrkdr ndrdkmas bulniedlti`ds nd` triciha dl d` eirka nd `i kalstgtukgûl pa`åtgki y `as 396369469
    kalvdlgas gltdrlikgali`ds.
    Dlrgqud @aw Eurtri-Gltdriktuir dl d` kaltdxta pranuktgva y sakgi` nd ikudrna kal 3>6369432
    prglkgpgas çtgkas piri `i kalst
    kalstrukkgûl
    rukkgûl nd uli ku`tur
    ku`turii nd piz.
    JDLDSIS MÉCG^A[ [I@TNIC@D[ ND RGNI EDNGIL^D @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND 3;696946:
    VSAJSIEI[ ND IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI DL @A[ KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA[ W
    [AKGI@D[.
    Jdstgalir prakdsas prapgas nd `i ku`turi deprdlndnari y deprdsirgi` nd ikudrna kal d` 3>6369437
    pdrbg` pdrsali` y `as
    GEV@DEDL^IS SDNrdqudrgegdltas
    GLI@ÉECSGKI nd @AKI@
    `as kaltdxtas
    [DJØL pranuktgva y sakgi`.
    D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ 33646996:
    NG[DÙA W D[^ÉLNISD[ ^ÇKLGKA[.
    Gep`dedltir tdkla`ajåis nd vaz sacrd GV nd ikudrna kal d` ngsdùa y lareis tçklgkis. 336469679
    GL^DSIK^TIS DL @DLJTI GLJ@D[I ND BASEI ASI@ W D[KSG^I NDL^SA ND 3>6363469
    KAL^D]^A[ [AKGI@D[ W @ICASI@D[ [DJØL @A[ KSG^DSGA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[
    VAS D@ EISKA KAEØL DTSAVDA ND SDBDSDLKGI VISI @I[ @DLJTI[.
    ASGDL^IS GLRD[^GJIKGÛL BASEI^GRI [DJØL SDBDSDL^D[ ^ÇKLGKA[. 3>636962>
    Sizalir kuiltgtitgviedltd brdltd i sgtuikgalds suskdptgc`ds nd sdr icarninis nd eildri 3>636943=
    eitdeétgki dl kaltdxtas `icari`ds, sakgi`ds y pdrsali`ds.
    Sdsu`tina nd Iprdlngzihd nd `i Glnukkgûl. 3>63694;6
    SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD D^IVI VSIK^GKI 777777777
    T^G@GXIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ 3364696>2
    ND EILDHA ND GLBASEIKGÛL.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ; nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    3.3 VDSBG@ VSABD[GALI@


    3.3.9 Vrakdngegdltas/ Micg`gninds
    3.3.3 Kalakgegdltas / [icdrds 3.3.; Kaepdtdlkgis [akgi`ds
    kajlgtgvis, psgkaeataris
    dsdlkgi`ds
    GL^DSVSD^IS V@ILA[ ISYTG^DK^ALGKA[ W D[^ILNISD[ W LASEI^GRI ND KIC@DINA KAETLGKIKGAL I[DS^GRI
    D@DK^SGKA[. D[^STK^TSINA SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[ALI
    GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[
    @D[
    SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ @I KALDK^GRGNIN
    KALDK^GRGNIN.. D[^ILNISD[ W LASEI^GRI ND ^A@DSILKGI
    D@ICASIS NAKTEDL^IKGAL ^DKLGKI KAETLGKIKGALD[ GLI@IECSGKI[ @GNDSIXJA
    KALBGJTSIS DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND [G[^DEI[ ND KIC@DINA D[^STK^TSINA ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA
    GL^DSKALD]GAL ND SDN EDNGA[ ND ^SIL[EG[GAL8
    ^SIL[EG[GAL8 KALKDV^A, ^SICIHA KA@ICASI^GRA
    KALBGJTSIS [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN ^GVA[, KISIK^DSG[^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGD
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A
    L^A VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ D^GKA[
    [DSRGNASD[ W K@GDL^D[ ND GL[^I@IKGAL SD[VD^A
    NG[DÙA ND @I KIVIKGNIN [DJTL @A[ GL^DSVSD^IKGAL
    GL^DSVSD^IKG AL ND V@ILA[ VSDRDLKGAL W [A@TKGAL ND KALB@GK^A[
    IKTDSNA[ ND LGRD@ ND [DSRGKGA. ISYTG^DK^ALGKA[,, ND SDN W D@DK^SGKA[
    ISYTG^DK^ALGKA[
    ISYTG^DK^TSI ND @I SDN ND NI^A[, KDL^SA ND NI^A[8 NDBGLGKGAL,
    DYTGVA[ W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN. KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^G KI[, KALBASEIKGAL,
    GL[^I@IS [DSRGKGA[ ND VTC@GKIKGAL ZDC. ^DKLA@AJGI[ T^G@GXINI[, LASEI[
    GL[^I@IS D@ EA^AS ND CI[D ND NI^A[ SDJ@IEDL^ISGI[,
    SDJ@IEDL^ISG I[, T^G@GNIND[,
    KALBGJTSIS D@ EA^AS ND CI[D[ ND NI^A[ BTLKGALIEGDL^A.
    VISI AVDSIS KAL I@ [DSRGKGA ND V@IL ND KAL^GLJDLKGI[8 SGD[JA,
    VTC@GKIKGAL ZDC. ILI@G[G[ ND SGD[JA, EDNGNI[ W
    GL[^I@IS [DSRGKGA[ ND CIKO DLN VISI KAL^SIEDNGNI[,
    KAL^SIEDNGNI [, V@IL ND SD[VI@NA,
    IV@GKIKGALD[ EARG@D[. V@IL ND DEDSJDLKGI[, V@IL ND
    KALBGJTSIS @I SDN GLI@IECSGKI
    GLI@IECSGKI.. SDKTVDSIKGAL.
    GEV@DEDL^IS [DSRGKGA[ ND RAGV DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GAL8
    GEV@DEDL^IS VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND K@I[GBGKIKGAL,
    K@I[GBGKIKG AL, NDBGLGKGAL,
    SDN KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^G KI[, T[A[, KALBGJTSIKGAL
    VSACIS VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND SDN ND VSA^AKA@A[ND DLST^IEGDL^A,
    EALG^ASDIS SDND[ ND NI^A[ NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A GVR> D GVR2, R@IL[,
    SDI@GXIS KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA GL^DSBIKD[, LI^, VI^, VSA^AKA@A[ ND
    SDI@GXIS ND^DKKGAL W ILI@G[G[ ND [VILGLJ ^SDD, KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA,
    RT@LDSICG@GNIN
    RT@LDSICG@GN IN ND SDN VSA^AKA@A[ ND SD[DSRI ND ILKMA ND
    GEV@DEDL^IS [A@TKGALD[ ND [DJTSGNIN CILNI, KALBGJTSIKGAL ND DL@IKD[
    VISI RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ ND^DK^INI[ ^SALKI@D[.
    KAL[^STKGS BGKMI[ ^DKLGKI[ ND [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN8 NL[, B^V, M^^V, NMKV,
    MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND SDN ^B^V, [[M, ^D@LD^, KASSDA D@DK^SALGKA,
    SDI@GXIS GLRDL^ISGA ND MISNZISD W NGSDK^ASGA IK^GRA, SINGT[, RVL, [IECI,
    [AB^ZISD ND SDN KALBGJTSIKGAL.
    ILI@GXIS ND@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN ND [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DL @I LTCD8
    NI^A[ KALKDV^A[, K@I[D[, KALBGJTSIKGAL
    [DSRKGA[ ND[8
    IV@GKIKGALD
    IV@GKIKGALD[8VTC@GKIKGAL ND ND
    ZDC, CIKO DLN
    IV@GKIKGALD[ EARG@D[.
    SDND[ GLI@IECSGKI[8 KALKDV^A[,
    DYTGVA[, VSA^AKA@A[, ^DKLA@AJGI[,
    KAEVALDL^D[, ^AVA@AJGI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^G KI[, [DJTSGNIN.
    ^DKLA@AJGI[ RAGV8 NDBGLGKGALD[,
    NDBGLGKGALD[,
    KALKDV^A[ ND ^D@DBALGI KALRDLKGALI@
    D GV, VSA^AKA@A[ ND RAGV, VSA^AKA@A[
    ND ^SIL[VAS^D VISI RAGV, ^SIBGKA
    ^D@DBALGKA, VSA^AKA@A[ ND
    [DÙI@GXIKGAL, VC], [DSRGNASD[ ND RAGV,
    MISNZISD ND RAGV.
    [DJTSGNIN DL SDND[ ND NI^A[8
    KALKDV^A[, V@ILD[ ND [DJTSGNIN,
    RT@LDSICG@GNIND[,
    RT@LDSICG@G NIND[, SGD[JA[,
    KAEVALDL^D[ MZ/[Z, VA@G^GKI[,
    RT@LDSICG@GNIND[, RGST[, ND^DKKGAL ND
    GL^ST[A[, IEDLIXI[.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli > nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    GL^DSVSD^IS V@ILA[ ISYTG^DK^ALGKA[ W KIVIKGNIN (SDND ND NI^A[, [DSRGNASD[,


    D@DK^SGKA[. [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN), V@ILDIKGAL ND @I
    SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ @I KALDK^GRGNIN
    KALDK^GRGNIN.. KIVIKGNIN, JD[^GAL ND @I ISYTG^DK^TSI
    D@ICASIS NAKTEDL^IKGAL ^DKLGKI (D@DEDL^A[ ISYTG^DK^TSI
    ISYTG^DK^TSI ND @I SDN ND
    KALBGJTSIS DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND NI^A[, DYTGVA[ W ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND
    GL^DSKALD]GAL ND SDN SDN).
    KALBGJTSIS [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DL^SDJI ND@ [DSRGKGA8
    [DSRGKGA8 KGK@A ND RGNI
    [DSRGNASD[ W K@GDL^D[ ND@ [DSRGKGA, IKTDSNA[ ND LGRD@ ND
    NG[DÙA ND @I KIVIKGNIN [DJTL @A[ [DSRGKGA (IL[), JD[^GAL ND GLKGNDL^D[.
    IKTDSNA[ ND LGRD@ ND [DSRGKGA. KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA8 KALKDV^A[, ^GVA[,
    ISYTG^DK^TSI ND @I SDN ND NI^A[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[, MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND
    DYTGVA[ W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN. SD[VI@NA.
    GL[^I@IS [DSRGKGA[ ND VTC@GKIKGAL ZDC. NAKTEDL^IKGAL
    NAKTEDL^IKGA L ^DKLGKI8 KAL[^STKKGAL
    GL[^I@IS D@ EA^AS ND CI[D ND NI^A[ ND GL[^STK^GRA[ ^DKLGKA[, MAHI[ ND
    KALBGJTSIS D@ EA^AS ND CI[D[ ND NI^A[ RGNI ND DYTGVA[ W [DSRGKGA[, CG^IKASI[
    VISI AVDSIS KAL I@ [DSRGKGA ND ND ^SICIHA.
    VTC@GKIKGAL ZDC. VSA^AKA@A[ ND KAETLGKIKGAL8
    GL[^I@IS [DSRGKGA[ ND CIKO DLN VISI NDBGLGKGAL, KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    IV@GKIKGALD[ EARG@D[. BTLKGALIEGDL^A,
    BTLKGALIEGD L^A, T^G@GNIN, T[A[.
    KALBGJTSIS @I SDN GLI@IECSGKI
    GLI@IECSGKI.. SDND[ ND NI^A[8 KALKDV^A[,
    GEV@DEDL^IS [DSRGKGA[ ND RAGV KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^G KI[, ^GVA[, T^G@GNIND[,
    GEV@DEDL^IS VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND T[A[, CDLDBGKGA[, ^AVA@AJGI[.
    SDN [AB^ZISD ND INEGLG[^SIKGAL ND SDN8
    VSACIS VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND SDN NDBGLGKGAL, KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    KISIK^DSG[^GKI[,
    EALG^ASDIS SDND[ ND NI^A[ BTLKGALI@GNIND[,
    BTLKGALI@GNIN D[, T[A[, T^G@GNIND[,
    SDI@GXIS KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA AV@GKIKGAL.
    SDI@GXIS ND^DKKGAL W ILI@G[G[ ND
    RT@LDSICG@GNIN
    RT@LDSICG@GN IN ND SDN
    GEV@DEDL^IS [A@TKGALD[ ND [DJTSGNIN
    VISI RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ ND^DK^INI[
    KAL[^STKGS BGKMI[ ^DKLGKI[ ND
    MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND SDN
    SDI@GXIS GLRDL^ISGA ND MISNZISD W
    [AB^ZISD ND SDN
    ILI@GXIS ND@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN ND

    3.; VSAWDKKGÛL ND@ DJSD[INA


    D[^I DL KIVIKGNIN ND ND[DEVDÙIS[D DL @ICASD[ ND KALBGJTSIKGAL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[
    W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DL SDND[ ND NI^A[? KALBGJTSIKGAL ND SDND[ GLI@IECSGKI[
    GLI@IECSGKI [ @AKI@D[?

    3.;.9 Dl `a `icari` GEV@DEDL^IKGAL


    GEV@DEDL^IKGA
    ND L [G[^DEI[
    NI^A[, ND^DKKGAL ND RAGV? GEV@DEDL^IKGAL
    GEV@DEDL^IKGA
    ND RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ L ND VA@G^GKI[
    ND [DJTSGNIN ND [DJTSGNIN
    DL SDND[ DL SDND[
    ND NI^A[, [A@TKGAL
    ND VSAC@DEI[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL SDND[ ND NI^A[, EALG^ASDA ND SDND[ ND NI^A[, JD[^GAL
    ND DL^SDJI ND [DSRGKGA[, SDI@GXIKGAL ND KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA ND KALBGJTSIKGAL ND
    DYTGVA[ D GLBASEIKGAL, D@ICASIKGAL ND GLBASED[ ND JD[^GAL ND SDN
    DHDKT^ISI W VANSI [DS @GNDS ND @A[ VSAKD[A[ @ICASI@D[ ND KALBGJTSIKGAL ND DYTGVA[
    3.;.3 Dl `a IK^GRA[, [DJTSGNIN W JD[^GAL ND SDND[ ND NI^A[ KIC@DINI[ D GLI@IECSGKI[ DL
    VSAWDK^A[. [D ND[DEVDÙISI VSGLKGVI@EDL^D DL DEVSD[I[ ND@ [DK^AS ND ^DKLA@AJGI[
    deprdsirgi` ND @I GLBASEIKGAL (^G) DL D@ ISDI ND SDND[ ND NI^A[. GJTI@EDL^D D[^ISI
    D[^ISI DL KIVIKGNIN
    ND KSDIS [T VSAVGI DEVSD[I VSD[^INASI ND [DSRGKGA[ ND SDND[ ND NI^A[.
    D@ DJSD[INA [DSI TLI VDS[ALI GL^DJSI, KAL IK^G^TND[ W IV^G^TND[ ND ^SICIHA, KTWA[
    3.;.; Dl d` dltarla RI@ASD[ D^GKA[ D[^ISIL [GDEVSD VSD[DL^D[ W NG[VTD[^A[ VISI EDHASIS [T VSAWDK^A
    sakgi` ND RGNI W @I KI@GNIN ND@ [DSRGKGA.

    3.;.> Dl `i
    bareikgûl y BAEDL^IS VSAKD[A[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD VDSEILDL^D, ND[ISSA@@A W EDHASI KAL^GLTI ND
    iprdlngzihd @A[ KALAKGEGDL^A[
    SDI@GXIKGAL W MICG@GNIND[
    VSABD[GALI@ LDKD[ISGI[ VISI EDHASIS D@ ND[DEVDÙA @ICASI@ W @I
    W VDS[ALI@.
    pdreildltd

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 4 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    3.;.4 Dl `i D[^ISI DL KAL[^IL^D GLRD[^GJIKGAL [ACSD @A[ IRILKD[ ^DKLA@AJGKA[ YTD [D


    gllavikgûl y VSD[DL^IL NDCGNA I @I J@ACI@GXIKGAL, @I LI^TSI@DXI KIECGIL^D W D@ EDSKINA ND
    ndsirra``a ^SICIHA, D[^A KAL D@ BGL ND EDHASIS W INYTGSGS LTDRI[ MICG@GNIND[ W ND[^SDXI[ DL [T
    tdkla`ûjgka ND[DEVDÙA VDS[ALI@ W @ICASI@.

    3.> ND[KSGVKGÛL JDLDSI@ ND@ VDSBG@ ND@ DJSD[INA


    D@ DJSD[INA ND@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGAL JD[^GAL ND SDND[ ND NI^A[ D[^I DL KIVIKGNIN ND8
    KALBGJTSIS W INEGLG[^SIS [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DL [DSRGNASD[ W K@GDL^D[, DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND
    GL^DSKALD]GAL, GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND RAX [ACSD GV W SDND[ GLI@IECSGKI[, GEV@DEDL^IS W
    EALG^ASDIS VA@G^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I GLBASEIKGAL? KAL^SA@IS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A W @I
    AVDSIKGAL ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN, DL DEVSD[I[ ND @A[ [DK^ASD[ DKALAEGKA[ IV@GKILNA
    D[^ILNISD[ W LASEI^GRI ND@ [DK^AS

    ;. VDSBG@ GNÛLDA ND GLJSD[A


    ;.9 SDYTDSGEGDL^A[
    ;.9.9 Lgvd` nd kaepdtdlkgis i ndeastrir dl d` prakdsa nd gljrdsa par tgpa nd kdrtgbgkikgûl8
    Lgvd` ikinçegka
    indkuina piri
    kiriktdrgzir i` ispgriltd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI
    nd ikudrna kal d` pdrbg`
    nd djrdsa8

    Jrina8 99

    Sdqugdrd Kdrtgbgkikgûl [G
    ikinçegki (sg/la)

    Sdqugdrd Bareikgûl piri d` Kué`1


    triciha y ndsirra``a mueila. LA
    (sg/la) La.
    Maris

    ;.9.3 Dnin eålgei ndbglgni 9> iùas


    dl `i `dy8

    ;.9.; Sdqugsgtas ingkgali`ds8 [updrir prudci nd iptgtun, eatgvikgûl, gltdrçs y kaepdtdlkgis eålgeis nd gljrdsa.

    ;.9.> Sdstrgkkgalds nd gljrdsa sapartinis dl `i `djgs`ikgûl vgjdltd8


    (@gegtikgalds båsgkis a kajlgtgvis qud gepgndl tati` a pirkgi`edltd d` ndsirra``a nd `i bareikgûl y qud dstçl dxprdsiedltd
    dxprdsiedltd
    ndskrgti y sapartinis dl lareis rd`ikgalinis kal d` ndsdepdùa akupikgali` y prabdsgali`)

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 2 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    Lgljuli

    ;.3 I[VDK^A[ IK^G^TNGLI@D[, EA^GRIKGALI@D[ W ND GL^DSÇ[


    Kipikgnin nd iutaeatgvikgûl, iutakaltra` y iutajdstgûl. Iktgtun pasgtgvi, brdltd i` dltarla y `i gltdrikkgûl sakgi`.
    [a`ukgalinar nd prac`deis y rdsa`vdnar nd kalb`gktas, rdkdptgva a vakikgûl i `as prakdsas nd sdrvgkgas nd tdkla`ajåi
    tdkla`ajåi

    ;.; KAEVD^DLKGI[ I DRI@TIS DL D@ VSAKD[A ND GLJSD[A


    LGRD@
    K@I[D ^GVA KAEVD^DLKGI GLNGKINAS JSINA %
    IKINDEGKA
    Kuep`a eg bulkgûl kuilna
    Césgki Kgdlkgis Ndsirra``a kaepraegsas triciha dl jrupa y rdspdta `is EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Lituri`ds pdrsali`ds y sakgi`ds.. bulkgalds nd atris pdrsalis.

    Césgki Ed glbarea sacrd


    tdkla`ûjgkas piri ivilkds
    ngskutgr y EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Kgdlkgis Ndsirra``a kaepraegsas isuegr pasturis
    Lituri`ds pdrsali`ds y sakgi`ds..
    bulniedltinis sacrd sus
    gep`gk
    Ed ipraxgea i`
    Césgki Kgdlkgis kalakgegdlta kaea Sdjgstra glbareikgûl nd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    [akgi`ds kgdltåbgka(i) sakgi`. eildri sgstdeétgki.

    Ed ipraxgea i` K`isgbgka, kaepira d


    Césgki Kgdlkgis gltdrprdta `i glbareikgûl EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    kalakgegdlta kaea
    [akgi`ds kgdltåbgka(i) sakgi`. actdlgni dl `is ngvdrsis
    budltds.
    Ed ipraxgea i`
    Césgki Kgdlkgis kalakgegdlta kaea [ika kalk`usgalds. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    [akgi`ds
    kgdltåbgka(i) sakgi`.
    Ed ipraxgea i` Nd`gegta d` tdei a prac`dei
    Césgki Kgdlkgis kalakgegdlta kaea dspikgi` y tdepari`edltd. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    [akgi`ds
    kgdltåbgka(i) sakgi`.
    Dltgdlna glstrukkgalds piri
    Césgki Glj`ds Dskukmi. dhdkutir ikkgalds katgngilis. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 3

    Eudstra uli iktgtun


    Césgki Glj`ds Dskukmi. rdspdtuasi y ta`driltd kuilna EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    dskukma i atras.
    Ed ipaya dl d` `dljuihd
    Césgki karpari` y jdstui` nd` EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Glj`ds Dskukmi.
    mic`iltd piri kaeprdlndr
    edhar `a qud ngkd.
    Ttg`gza `is geéjdlds d
    Césgki glbareikgûl nd` kaltdxta nd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Glj`ds Dskukmi.
    mic`i piri kaeprdlndr edhar
    `a qud dskukma.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli : nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    Sdkalazka y ndskrgca kurvis


    Césgki Eitdeitgkis Vdlsiegdlta dspikgi` y y a `ujirds jdaeçtrgkas. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    sgstdeis jdaeçtrgkas.
    @da tdxtas `gtdrirgas nd
    Césgki @dljuihd @gtdrituri. ngvdrsi ålna`d, jçldra, EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    tdeétgki y argjdl.
    Vranuzka tdxtas, dep`dilna
    Césgki Edngas nd Kaeulgkikgûl y `dljuihd vdrci` a la vdrci`, EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    @dljuihd atras [gstdeis [gecû`gkas. piri dxpaldr egs gndis a piri
    rdkrdir rdi`gn

    Kaeprdlna d` vi`ar nd`


    Césgki `dljuihd dl `as prakdsas nd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    @dljuihd Vranukkgûl ^dxtui`. kalstrukkgûl nd`
    kalakgegdlta.
    Kaepira y kaltrista `is
    Césgki prapgdninds nd `as løedras EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    Eitdeitgkis Vdlsiegdlta Lueçrgka y (lituri`ds, dltdras, rikgali`ds
    [gstdeis Luedrgkas.
    y rdi`ds) y `is n

    Césgki Dstic`dzka rd`ikgalds y


    Vdlsiegdlta Lueçrgka y ngbdrdlkgis dltrd ngbdrdltds EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    Eitdeitgkis [gstdeis Luedrgkas. latikgalds nd løedras rdi`ds
    piri ndkgngr sacrd
    Ttg`gza indkuiniedltd
    Césgki mdrriegdltis glbareétgkis nd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    ^dkla`ajgi Iprapgikgûl y usa nd `i usa kaeøl piri `i cøsqudni
    Glbareitgki tdkla`ajåi.
    y prakdsiegdlta nd `i

    ^riciha dl dqugpa dl `i
    Césgki ^dkla`ajgi Iprapgikgûl y usa nd `i rdi`gzikgûl nd praydktas EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 4
    Glbareitgki tdkla`ajåi. tdkla`ûjgkas y, kuilna `a
    mija, glva`ukra mdrriegdl
    Deprdsirgi`ds
    @icari` y Viri d` D`icarikgûl nd p`ilds piri [d`dkkgala `is dstritdjgis EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    krdir deprdsis a Tlgninds piri `ajrir `as achdtgvas
    Deprdlngegdlt
    a nd Ldjakga. prapudstas.
    Gndltgbgka gndis gllavinaris
    @icari` piri rdsa`vdr prac`deis nd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Gltd`dktui` Krditgvgnin. virginas kaltdxtas (sakgi`ds,
    ku`turi`ds, dk

    Valja i prudci `is gndis


    @icari` gllavinaris edngiltd EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Gltd`dktui` Krditgvgnin. edkilgseas nd acsdrvikgûl y
    kaltristd.
    Gndltgbgka `as prac`deis
    @icari` Gltd`dktui` [a`ukgûl nd Vrac`deis. prgargtirgas sdjøl su eijlgtun EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    d gepikta.

    @icari` Dvi`øa `is i`tdrlitgvis vgic`ds EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9


    Gltd`dktui` [a`ukgûl nd Vrac`deis. piri sa`ukgalir d`

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli = nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    prac`dei.

    [ustdlta y irjuedlta `i
    @icari` Gltd`dktui` ^aei nd Ndkgsgalds. d`dkkgûl nd `i i`tdrlitgvi eés EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    kalvdlgdltd.
    @icari` Ndsirra``a `is ikkgalds
    Gltd`dktui` ^aei nd Ndkgsgalds. prdvgstis dl d` p`il. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9

    @icari` Dvi`øa `i gep`dedltikgûl nd


    Gltd`dktui` ^aei nd Ndkgsgalds. `is ikkgalds ndbglgnis. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9

    @icari` Gndltgbgka `as d`dedltas y


    Gltd`dktui` ^aei nd Ndkgsgalds. ikkgalds qud ndca edharir. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9

    Eilgbgdsta egs gndis y pultas


    @icari` nd vgsti nd barei qud `as EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 >
    Gltdrpdrsali` Kaeulgkikgûl. atras ed kaeprdlnil.

    Sdkalazka, kal `i
    @icari` Gltdrpdrsali` @gndrizja. pirtgkgpikgûl nd` jrupa, `as EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    prac`deis ka`dktgvas.
    V`ilda y arjilgza `is
    @icari` ikkgalds dl kalhulta kal `as EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Gltdrpdrsali` @gndrizja.
    atras, piri sa`ukgalir `as
    prac`deis ka`dktgvas.
    Vraeudva ikudrnas par
    @icari` kalsdlsa dltrd `is pirtds qud EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Gltdrpdrsali` Eildha nd Kalb`gktas.
    cuskil sa`ukgalir `as
    kalb`gktas.
    Sdspdta `as ikudrnas
    @icari` Gltdrpdrsali` Eildha nd Kalb`gktas. dstic`dkgnas ka`dktgviedltd. EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9

    Ndbgla `as achdtgvas dl


    @icari` Gltdrpdrsali` ^riciha dl Dqugpa. kalhulta kal `as atras EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    egdecras.

    @icari` Gltdrpdrsali` ^riciha dl Dqugpa. Dstic`dzka kal `as atras `is EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    rdj`is nd hudja.
    Ndbgla kal `as atras `is
    @icari` Gltdrpdrsali` ^riciha dl Dqugpa. dstritdjgis nd ikkgûl EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    bivaric`ds piri d` dqugpa.
    Kaltrgcuya i qud `as
    Kguninili kalb`gktas dltrd pdrsalis y EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Kguninili Kalvgvdlkgi y piz
    dltrd jrupas sd eildhdl nd
    eildri pikåbgki y kalstr
    Gndltgbgka ng`deis nd `i vgni
    Kguninili dl `is qud dltril dl kalb`gkta EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Kguninili Kalvgvdlkgi y piz
    d` cgdl jdldri` y d` cgdl
    pirtgku`ir? i
    Kaeprdlna `i gepartilkgi nd
    Kguninili Kguninili Kalvgvdlkgi y piz `i ndbdlsi nd` ednga EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    iecgdltd, tilta dl d` lgvd`

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 7 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    `aki` kaea j`aci`, y pi

    Virtgkgpikgûl y Kaeprdlna quç ds ul cgdl


    Kguninili pøc`gka y pirtgkgpa dl EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Kguninili rdspalsicg`gnin
    ndeakrétgki. ikkgalds
    cudl usa,qud vd`il
    tilta dl `ipar su
    kaeu
    Gndltgbgka budltds nd
    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` Jdstgûl nd `i Glbareikgûl. glbareikgûl piri actdldr EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    nitas rd`dviltds y kalbgic`ds.

    [d`dkkgala `is budltds nd


    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` Jdstgûl nd `i Glbareikgûl. glbareikgûl, båsgkis a EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    vgrtui`ds, kal cisd dl krgtdrgas
    nd rd`dvilkgi, kal
    Ttg`gza ip`gkikgalds
    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` Jdstgûl nd `i Glbareikgûl. glbareétgkis piri d` rdjgstra y EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    sgstdeitgzikgûl nd `i
    glbareikgûl.
    Gndltgbgka `is ldkdsgninds,
    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Argdltikgûl i` [drvgkga. dxpdktitgvis
    `as atras. d glqugdtunds nd
    Sdkalazka `as rdsu`tinas y d`
    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Argdltikgûl i` [drvgkga. gepikta nd egs ikkgalds
    sacrd `as atras.
    Arjilgzikgali` Dstic`dzka ikudrnas piri
    @icari` Argdltikgûl i` [drvgkga. itdlndr `is sa`gkgtunds nd `as EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    atras.
    Sdspalna i `as
    @icari` Arjilgzikgali` Argdltikgûl i` [drvgkga. rdqudrgegdltas nd `as atras, i EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    tgdepa y kal cisd dl `as
    ikudrnas ndbglgnas.
    Gndltgbgka `as kaepartiegdltas
    @icari` iprapginas piri kini EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki.
    sgtuikgûl.

    @icari` Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki. Argdlta egs iktuikgalds i` EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9


    `ajra nd achdtgvas.
    Vraeudva d` kuep`gegdlta nd
    @icari` Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki. lareis y ngspasgkgalds dl ul EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    dspikga nina.
    Vrgvg`djga `is ikkgalds qud
    @icari` itgdlndl `as gltdrdsds EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki.
    ka`dktgvas eés qud `as
    pirtgku`irds.
    Kugna y eildha `as rdkursas y
    @icari` cgdlds ihdlas sgjugdlna EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki.
    lareis y ngspasgkgalds
    ndbglgnis.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 96 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    Kuep`a `as kaepraegsas


    @icari` isuegnas nd ikudrna kal `is EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki.
    kalngkgalds nd tgdepa y
    barei ikarninis kal `i at
    La kaepirta iktuikgalds nd
    @icari` atris pdrsalis qud dstçl par EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Vdrsali` Argdltikgûl Çtgki. budri nd `is lareis y
    ngspasgkgalds ndbglgni

    Ttg`gza mdrriegdltis
    @icari` tdkla`ûjgkis sgjugdlna EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 9
    Tsir Mdrriegdltis
    ^dkla`ûjgka Glbareétgkis. krgtdrgas piri su
    eiltdlgegdlta prdvdltgva,
    cudl ipravdk
    Eildha mdrriegdltis
    @icari` Tsir Mdrriegdltis tdkla`ûjgkis y dqugpas sdjøl EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 >
    ^dkla`ûjgka
    Glbareétgkis. `as prakdngegdltas prdvgstas
    tçklgkiedltd.
    Ttg`gza `is mdrriegdltis
    @icari` Tsir Mdrriegdltis glbareétgkis piri d` ndsirra``a EDNGI IKINÇEGKI 99 2
    ^dkla`ûjgka
    Glbareétgkis. nd praydktas y iktgvgninds.

    ;.> NA^IKGÛL EÅLGEI ND IECGDL^D[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI ND


    ;.>.9 Kiriktdrgzikgûl nd Érdi8 26 et3
    iecgdltd eålgea
    94 Kaeputinards nd dskrgtarga edeargi SIE =Jc, prakdsinar 3.> Jmz a supdrgar, Ngska Nura nd
    ;.>.3 Eiquglirgi y Dqugpa 466 JC.
    Dspdkgi`gzina Sautdrs
    [wgtkm

    ;.>.; [abtwird [gstdeis apdritgvas


    [abtwird abgeétgka
    Dspdkgi`gzina [abtwird nd sgeu`ikgûl

    ;.>.> Mdrriegdltis la ip`gki


    Dspdkgi`gzinis

    ;.>.4 [geu`inards la ip`gki


    dspdkåbgkas nd` dltarla

    ;.>.2 Eudc`ds Edsis y [g``is piri ucgkikgûl nd ;6 iprdlngkds y 9 glstruktar


    ka`icaritgvas ^ic`dra ikrå`gka

    ;.>.: ^dkla`ajåis nd `i Rgnda cdie a ^R pilti``i p`ili kal dltrini RJI û MNEG ;3
    glbareikgûl y `is Kaldktgvgnin i Gltdrldtpiri
    Vir`iltds y ngindeis I`éecrgki a Gli`éecrgki piri 32 Dqugpas.
    kini kaeputinar.
    kaeulgkikgalds

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 99 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    ;.>.= D`dedltas y
    kalngkgalds rd`ikgalinis
    kal `i sdjurgnin la ip`gki
    glnustrgi`, `i si`un
    akupikgali` y d` ednga
    iecgdltd8

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND INEGLG[^SIS MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDN I VIS^GS ND LASEI[
    KAEVD^DLKGI GL^DSLIKGALI@D[.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 33646969>


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I
    KAEVD^DLKGI INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDN.

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ 43= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    RDSGBGKIS DRDL^A[ DL @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND SDN, EDNGIL^D MDSSIEGDL^I[ W ^ÇKLGKI[ ND ILÉ@G[G[
    ND NI^A[ YTD VDSEG^IL ND^DSEGLIS GLKGNDL^D[ ND [DJTSGNIN.
    JD[^GALIS D@ D[^INA ND @I [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDN ND NI^A[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL W [T VDS^GLDLKGI
    [DJØL D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN.
    GL^DSVSD^IS D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN VISI @I SDN ND NI^A[ NDBGLGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL, [DJØL
    D[^ÉLNISD[ W LASEI[ GL^DSLIKGALI@D[.
    GEV@DEDL^IS D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I ASJILGXIKGÛL IV@GKILNA D[^ÉLNISD[ W LASEI[
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[ ND [DJTSGNIN RGJDL^D[.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    GNDL^GBGKIS D@ GLRDL^ISGA ND DYTGVA[ W [DSRGKGA[ IK^GRA[ KASD ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    GL^DSVSD^IS D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN, KAL^GLTGNIN W KI@GNIN ND@ [DSRGKGA ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    GL^DSVSD^IS @I NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ND@ MISNZISD, [AB^ZISD W NI^A[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    IVSAVGIS @A[ D[^ÉLNISD[ ND [DJTSGNIN, @ÅLDI[ CI[D ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ W [DSRGKGA[,
    VDSBG@D[ ND T[TISGA[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND [DJTSGNIN.
    INAV^IS TL D[^ÉLNIS ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL.
    GEV@DEDL^IS EÇ^ANA[ W I@JASG^EA[ ND KGBSINA (DLKSGV^IKGÛL).
    GL[^I@IS D@ MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.
    I[DJTSIS @A[ VDSÅED^SA[ ND @I SDN D GL^DSLD^.
    GL[^I@IS [AB^ZISD IL^GEI@ZISD, IL^G[VIE W ND [DJTSGNIN VDSGED^SI@
    D[^IC@DKDS KALD]GALD[ [DJTSI[ DL^SD SDND[.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 93 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    GEV@DEDL^IS TL [G[^DEI ND ND^DKKGÛL W VSDRDLKGÛL ND GL^ST[A[


    INEGLG[^SIS D@ MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.
    INEGLG[^SIS TL [G[^DEI ND ND^DKKGÛL W VSDRDLKGÛL ND GL^ST[A[
    ILI@GXIS SDJG[^SA[ ND DRDL^A[ D GLKGNDLKGI[ ND [DJTSGNIN.
    RDSGBGKIS @I[
    GNDL^GBGKIS KALNGKGALD[
    W ILI@GXIS ND @I[ GL[^I@IKGALD[ BÅ[GKI[ W D@ÇK^SGKI[.
    @I[ RT@LDSICG@GNIND[.
    GNDL^GBGKIS W ILI@GXIS @A[ SGD[JA[ [ACSD @A[ IK^GRA[ ND @I SDN.
    SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ ND GL^ST[GÛL W ITNG^ASÅI[ ND [DJTSGNIN.
    JD[^GALIS @I[ RT@LDSICG@GNIND[, IEDLIXI[ W SGD[JA[..
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    BTLNIEDL^A[ ND [DJTSGNIN8 [DJTSGNIN, KALBGNDLKGI@GNIN, GL^DJSGNIN, NG[VALGCG@GNIN,
    IT^DL^GKGNIN, LA SDVTNGA, IK^GRA[, RT@LDSICG@GNIN, SGD[JA, IEDLIXI, KAL^SA@ (VSDRDL^GRA,
    KASSDK^GRA, VSDNGK^GRA), @DRIL^IEGDL^A ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
    ILÉ@G[G[ ND I^IYTD[ DL SDN8 I^IYTD[ EÉ[ KAETLD[, RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ W IEDLIXI[, EI@ZISD,
    D]V@AG^[, NDLDJIKGÛL ND [DSRGKGA, ILÉ@G[G[ ND SDN RÅI [LGBBDS[, D[KILDA ND MA[^[ W ND^DKKGÛL
    ND RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ DL [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[ W DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[, ED^ANA@AJÅI D^MGKI@ MIKOGLJ,
    ILÉ@G[G[ ND RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ GL^ST[GRI[ W LA GL^ST[GRI[ W ILÉ@G[G[ ND SGD[JA[.
    VA@Å^GKI[ W LASEI[ ND [DJTSGNIN8 VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN, LASEI[ ND [DJTSGNIN, BIEG@GI L^K-
    G[A/GDK3:666, D[^ÉLNISD[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[, NG[DÙA ND GLBSID[^STK^TSI, ISYTG^DK^TSI ND
    [DJTSGNIN (BGSDZI@@[, VSA]W, GN[, GV[, RVL, IVV@GILKD[, ZGN[).
    KSGV^AJSIBÅI8 GL^SANTKKGÛL I @I KSGV^AJSIBÅI, KSGV^AJSIBÅI K@É[GKI W EANDSLI, I@JASG^EA[
    [GEÇ^SGKA[ W I[GEÇ^SGKA[, BGSEI NGJG^I@ W KDS^GBGKINA[ NGJG^I@D[, NG[^SGCTKGÛL ND @@IRD[,
    ^AODL[, [EI^KISN[, CGAED^SÅI,
    IV@GKIKGALD[ W VSA^AKA@A[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL SDND[8 ODSCDSA[, VJV, [[M,
    [[@/^@[/[D^,[/EGED,VOG,GV[DK,
    [[@/^@[/[D^,[/EGED,V OG,GV[DK, [IL, LI[, RGS^TI@GXIKGÛL, K@ATN, JSDDL KAEVT^GLJ, III, VSA^AKA@A[
    (SINGT[, =63.9], DIV, A^SA[). EÇ^ANA[ ND IT^DL^GKIKGÛL, NAC@D BIK^AS ND IT^DL^GKIKGÛL,
    VI[[ZASN ND TL [A@A T[A (A^V), T^G@GXIKGÛL ND VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN KDL^SI@GXINI[ (ZGSD@D[[
    KAL^SA@@DS).NDBDL[I DL VSABTLNGNIN? LGRD@D[ ND [DJTSGNIN, (BÅ[GKI, SDN, VDSGED^SI@, MA[^[,
    IV@GKIKGALD[ W NI^A[.
    [DJTSGNIN VDSGED^SI@8 VSGLKGVGA[ CÉ[GKA[ ND [DJTSGNIN VDSGED^SI@, BGSDZI@@[, VSA]W/KIKMD,
    GN[, GV[, RVL, IVV@GILKD[, BG@^SINA ND KAL^DLGNA[, IK@[, GLJDLGDSÅI [AKGI@, ZGN[.
    [DJTSGNIN DL [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[8 [G[^DEI[ ND BGKMDSA, VDSEG[A[ W I^SGCT^A[ DL BGKMDSA[,
    JD[^GÛL ND T[TISGA[ W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND JSTVA[, NDBGLGKGÛL D GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND D[^ÉLNISD[
    ND [DJTSGNIN. V@ILGBGKIKGÛL ND@ SDLNGEGDL^A ND@ [A., KALBGJTSIS TL [A [DJTSA, [DSRGKGA[
    [DJTSA[.
    GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL8 V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN ND IKTDSNA I@ NGIJLÛ[^GKA ND [DJTSGNIN DRI@TINA,
    GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ISYTG^DK^TSI ND BGSDZI@@[, EÇ^ANA[ KSGV^AJSÉBGKA[, GN[, KALD]GALD[ [DJTSI[
    I ^SIRÇ[ ND RVL W ^ØLD@D[, VA@Å^GKI[, LASEI[ W D[^ÉLNISD[ ND [DJTSGNIN, DL DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ W
    [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[, V@ILD[ ND KAL^GLJDLKGI W SDKTVDSIKGÛL ND ND[I[^SD[.
    JD[^GÛL ND GLKGNDL^D[8 GLKGNDL^D[ ND [DJTSGNIN, IK^GRIKGÛL ND SDJG[^SA ND DRDL^A[, KAL^SA@
    ND KIECGA[.
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
    IV@GGKI @I[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND @DRIL^IEGDL^A ND GLBASEIKGÛL VISI RDSGBGKIS @A[ GLRDL^ISGA[ ND @A[
    DYTGVA[ ND KÛEVT^A, [DSRGNASD[, CI[D[ ND NI^A[, DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ W D[^IKGALD[ ND ^SICIHA.
    GL^DSVSD^I D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN, KAL^GLTGNIN W KI@GNIN ND@ [DSRGKGA ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[
    [DSRGKGA[ W VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN NDBGLGNI[ VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    SDRG[I @I NAKTEDL^IKGÛL D]G[^DL^D ND MISNZISD, [AB^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND @I SDN ND NI^A[
    VISI NDBGLGS @I D[^SI^DJGI ND VSA^DKKGÛL.
    IVSAVGI @A[ D[^ÉLNISD[ ND [DJTSGNIN, @ÅLDI[ CI[D ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ W
    [DSRGKGA[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ W VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN VISI @I DL^GNIN.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 9; nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    D[^IC@DKD @I[ IKKGALD[ VISI @I DHDKTKGÛL ND@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL CI[ÉLNA[D
    DL D@ KSALAJSIEI NDBGLGNA VAS KAEG^Ç ND [DJTSGNIN.
    GEV@DEDL^I @I[ VA@Å^GKI[, KAL^SA@D[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN.
    GEV@DEDL^I @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[
    ^ÇKLGKA[
    I[DJTSI @I[VISI @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    KAETLGKIKGALD[ DL^SD [DND[ T^G@GXILNA D[^SI^DJGI[ ND KALD]GÛL [DJTSI KAEA
    RVL.
    GL[^I@I [AB^ZISD ND VSA^DKKGÛL ND SDND[ KAEA IL^GEI@ZISD, IL^G[VIE W ND [DJTSGNIN
    VDSGED^SI@ [DJØL SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN.
    GEV@DEDL^I V@ILD[ ND SDKTVDSIKGÛL ND ND[I[^SD[ W ND KAL^GLTGNIN ND@ LDJAKGA VISI @A[
    [DSRGKGA[ KSÅ^GKA[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    RDSGBGKI D@ GEVIK^A ND @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND@ V@IL ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDNTKKGÛL ND@ SGD[JA (V@IL ND
    ^SI^IEGDL^A ND@ SGD[JA) ^AEILNA KAEA SDBDSDLKGI @I EI^SGX ND SGD[JA.
    RDSGBGKI @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND @A[ KAL^SA@D[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[
    D[^IC@DKGNI[ W I @A[ EILTI@D[ ND CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[ NDBGLGNA[ DL D[^ÉLNISD[ GL^DSLIKGALI@D[.
    ILI@GXI @I[ I@DS^I[ W EDL[IHD[ ND DEG^GNA[ VAS @A[ [G[^DEI[ ND ND^DKKGÛL ND GL^ST[GALD[ W
    ^AEI @I[ IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI LDKD[ISGI[.
    [TVDSRG[I @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DL @I ASJILGXIKGÛL, IV@GKILNA ^ÇKLGKI[ VISI
    D@ ILÉ@G[G[ ND SDJG[^SA ND DRDL^A[, KAL^SA@ ND KIECGA[ W ILÉ@G[G[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL, ND IKTDSNA
    KAL D@ V@ILYTD
    KAL^SA@I ND [DJTSGNIN.
    @I[ KALNGKGALD[ BÅ[GKI[ W IECGDL^I@D[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL KTEV@IL KAL @A[
    D[^ÉLNISD[ D[^IC@DKGNA[
    D[^IC@DKGNA[..
    EALG^ASDI D@ D[^INA ND @I SDN ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND [DJTSGNIN D[^IC@DKGNA[.
    NAKTEDL^I @A[ MI@@IXJA[ ND@ ILÉ@G[G[ ND RT@LDSICG@GNIND[ W IEDLIXI[, GNDL^GBGKILNA D@ LGRD@
    ND GEVIK^A
    GEVIK^A [ACSD @A[ IK^GR
    IK^GRA[
    A[ KSÅ^GKA[ VISI @I ASJILGXIKGÛ
    ASJILGXIKGÛLL [DJØL @I@I[
    [ ED^ANA@A
    ED^ANA@AJÅI[
    JÅI[
    RGJDL^D[.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI ND [G[^DEI[, GLJDLGDSÅI GLBASEÉ^GKI, GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI,
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, KAL KALAKGEGDL^A W D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[, [G[^DEI[
    AVDSI^GRA[ ND SDN, ED^ANA@AJÅI[ ND ILÉ@G[G[ W DRI@TIKGÛL ND SGD[JA[, W LASEI[ W D[^ÉLNISD[
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[ ND [DJTSGNIN ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL.
    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI [ [D
    D SDYTGDSD VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D YTD D@ GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D
    ^D KAL
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I D[VDKGI@GNIN ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A I@ EDLA[ TLI ND @I[ [GJT[GJTGDL^D[
    GDL^D[ KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ GL^DSLI
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8
    KGALI@D[8
    KG[KA KKLI
    EGKSA[AB^ EKV
    KG[KA KKLV
    KG[KA KKLI [DKTSG^W
    D^MGKI@ MIKOGLJ
    ITNG^AS G[A 3:666
    SDNMI^ SMKD
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[
    ND NAKDLKGI.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 9> nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
    ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    INIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    GLRD[^GJIS
    EILDHIS JSTVA[.
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND INEGLG[^SIS GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI ND SDN [DJØL EAND@A[ ND
    SDBDSDLKGI W VSAKDNGEGDL^A ^ÇKLGKA.
    KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 336469964
    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI ND SDN.


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ ;=> maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    V@ILGBGKIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND V@I^IBASEI[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA [DJØL VISÉED^SA[
    NDBGLGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
    GEV@DEDL^IS [G[^DEI[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA DL @I SDN, [DJØL D[^ÉLNISD[, VA@Å^GKI[ W
    SDKTS[A[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    JD[^GALIS @A[ SDKTS[A[ ^DKLA@ÛJGKA[, T^G@GXILNA MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL W
    EALG^ASDIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI ND SDN ND IKTDSNA KAL
    VA@Å^GKI[ W KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    KISIK^DSGXIS
     K ISIK^DSGXIS D@ DL^ASLA W D@ SDKTS[A ^DKLA@ÛJGKA ND@ LDJAKGA.
     V@ILDIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA.
    V@ILDIS
     IVSAVGIS D[^ÉLNISD[ W @ÅLDI[ CI[D ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND [DSRGKGA[, V@I^IBASEI[ ND EALG^ASDA
    IVSAVGIS
    W JD[^GÛL
     NDBGLGS
    NDBGLGS ND SDKTS[A[
    IK^GRGNIND[ ND SDN.W EALG^ASDA ND @I ISYTG^DK^TSI ASJILGXIKGALI@.
    ND JD[^GÛL
     NDBGLGS D[^SI^DJGI[ W EDKILG[EA[ ND SDKA@DKKGÛL ND NI^A[ ND EALG^ASDA.
    NDBGLGS

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 94 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

     GGEV@DEDL^IS
    EV@DEDL^IS [A@TKGALD[ ND ^A@DSILKGI I BI@@A[ DL V@I^IBASEI[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA.
     GL[^I@IS [AB^ZISD W K@GDL^D[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND SDND[.
    GL[^I@IS
     GEV@DEDL^IS TL D[YTDEI ASJILGXI^GRA ND @I SDN.
    GEV@DEDL^IS
     KALBGJTSIS MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND EALG^ASDA ND ^SÉBGKA W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN.
    KALBGJTSIS
     GGEV@DEDL^IS
     IEV@DEDL^IS
    INEGLG[^SIS @I[
    NEGLG[^SIS D@ D[^SI^DJGI[
    [G[^DEI ND JDLDSIKGÛL
    ND JD[^GÛL W DLRÅA ND I@DS^I[ ND EALG^ASDA.
    W EALG^ASDA.
     EALG^ASDIS @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI ND SDN.
    EALG^ASDIS
     EALG^ASDIS D@ D[^INA ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[8 M^^V, B^V, NL[, VSA]W, [[M, ^D@LD^, NMKV, KASSDA.
    EALG^ASDIS
     ND^DK^IS BI@@I[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD.
    ND^DK^IS
     KSDIS GLBASED[ ND T^G@GXIKGÛL ND SDKTS[A[.
    KSDIS
     IV@GKIS VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND IBGLIEGDL^A ND @I SDN.
    IV@GKIS
     SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ ND NGIJLÛ[^GKA.
    SDI@GXIS
     E EIL^DLDS
    IL^DLDS IK^TI@GXINI @I CG^ÉKASI ND EALG^ASDA ND @I SDN.
     ILI@GXIS D@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @A[ SDKTS[A[ W NG[VA[G^GRA[ EALG^ASDINA[.
    ILI@GXIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     GGLBSID[^STK^TSI
    LBSID[^STK^TSI MISNZISD8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KGK@A ND RGNI, KAEVALDL^D[, D[KI@ICG@GNIN,
    EISKA[ ND SDBDSDLKGI W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[, GL^DSKALD]GÛL ND SDND[,
    MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND ILÉ@G[G[, ^SI^IEGDL^A ND T[A BGLI@ VISI VSANTK^A[, @GKDLKGIEGDL^A W
    LASEI^GRI[.
     GLBSID[^STK^TSI
    GLBSID[^STK^TSI [AB^ZISD8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KGK@A ND RGNI, ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD, KAEVALDL^D[,
    D[KI@ICG@GNIN, EISKA[ ND SDBDSDLKGI W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[ ND @I[ ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I
    GLBASEIKGÛL, @GKDLKGIEGDL^A, MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND ILÉ@G[G[, LASEI^GRI[, IV@GKIKGALD[.
     ILÉ@G[G[ ND SDYTG[G^A[8 KALKDV^A[, VSAKD[A.
    ILÉ@G[G[
     KAL^GLJDLKGI[8
    K AL^GLJDLKGI[8 JDLDSI@GNIN
    JDLDSI@GNIND[, D[, V@IL ND IKKGÛL, EDNGNI[ VSDRDL^GRI[, [G[^DEI[ ND
    SDKTVDSIKGÛL ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
     NDSDKMA[ ND IT^AS8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, VSAVGDNIN GL^D@DK^TI@.
    NDSDKMA[
     D[^STK^TSI ASJILGXIKGALI@8 KALKDV^A, VSGLKGVGA[, ^GVA[, K@I[GBGKIKGÛL, D[^STK^TSI.
    D[^STK^TSI
     JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, ^ÇKLGKI[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A, ^ÇKLGKI[ ND @DRIL^IEGDL^A ND
    JD[^GÛL
    GLBASEIKGÛL, SDBDSDL^D[ LASEI^GRA[, SDNIKKGÛL ND GLBASED[.
     INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND SDND[8 KALKDV^A. SDKALAKGEGDL^A W IV@GKIKGÛL ND @@I I NGEDL[GÛL BBTLKGALI@
    TLKGALI@
    (V@ILDIKGÛL W NG[DÙA ND @I SDN). EDKILG[EA[ ND JD[^GÛL (KALKDV^A[. VSAKD[A[ W [TCVSAKD[A[.
     INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND @I EDEASGI W I@EIKDLIEGDL^A8 GL[^I@IKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND@ [AB^ZISD W
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    MISNZISD. VA@Å^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL,
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL, @AKI@GXIKGÛL W [A@TKGÛL ND BI@@A[.
    B I@@A[.
     [ [G[^DEI[
    G[^DEI[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL SDEA^I8 [AVAS^D (KALKDV^A, GEV@GKIKGALD[, KISIK^ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    DSÅ[^GKI[,
    EAND@A, GLKGNDL^D[) IK^TI@GXIKGÛL W NG[^SGCTKGÛL ND VISKMD[ ND [DJTSGNIN VISI D@ [G[^DEI ND
    SDN. KAEVSDL[GÛL ND@ ^DEI DL D[VIÙA@ D GLJ@Ç[.
     [AB^ZISD ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA ND SDN8 KALKDV^A[, ^GVA[ ND [DSRGKGA[. LASEI[ ^ÇKLGKI[.
    [AB^ZISD
     II@ISEI[8
    @ISEI[8 [AB
    [AB^ZISD
    ^ZISD VISI EALG^
    EALG^ASDIS
    ASDIS D@ ^SÉB
    ^SÉBGKA
    GKA DL @I SDN. INE
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    GLG[^SIKGÛL W EA
    EALG^ASDA
    LG^ASDA ND
    DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ (EDEASGI, VSAKD[INAS, GL^DSBIKD[).
     E EALG^ASDA8
    ALG^ASDA8 NDBGLGKGÛL, KALKDV^A[, ^GVA[, VSA^AKA@A[, D[^SI^DJGI[, [AB^ZISD ND JD[^ JD[^GÛL
    GÛL W
    EALG^ASDA (KAEVALDL^D[ KAEVT^IKGALI@D[, [DSRGKGA[, KAEVALDL^D[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL,
    [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[), LASEI[ ^ÇKLGKI[, I@ISEI[, @AJ[ W SDJG[^SA[ ND [G[^DEI, EDL[IHD[ ND
    INRDS^DLKGI, DSSAS, A^SA[).
     GGLRDL^ISGA[8
    LRDL^ISGA[8 ^ÇKLGKI[. ED^ANA@AJÅI. VSAJSIE
    VSAJSIEIKGÛL.
    IKGÛL. D@ICASIKGÛL ND GLRDL^ISGA[ (T[TISG
    (T[TISGA[,
    A[,
    MISNZISD, [AB^ZISD (NI^A[, VSAJSIEI[), [DSRGKGA[, VSAKD[A[ W BTLKGALD[, A^SA[).
     [G[^DEI[
    [G[^DEI[ KAL ^A@DSILKGI I BI@@A[8 SDNTLNILKGI, BIG@ARDS, ISSDJ@A[ SIGN (6,9,4,96, A^SA[) VAS
    MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND RA@ØEDLD[ NGLÉEGKA[ W @ÛJGKA[.
     [
    [AB^ZISD
    AB^ZISD VISI KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA8 ^ ^ÇKLGKI[,
    ÇKLGKI[, ED^ANA@AJÅI[, D[^SI^DJGI[ W [AB^
    [AB^ZISD
    ZISD VISI
    INEGLG[^SIS @I[ KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA DL NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[, [DSRGNASD[ W D[^IKGALD[ K@GDL^D.
     [AB^ZISD ND SDKTVDSIKGÛL ND NI^A[8 KALKDV^A, EDNGA[ ND I@EIKDLIEGDL^A, NG[KA[ NTSA[ (GND,
    [AB^ZISD
    [K[G, [I^I, [I[, A^SA[), T[C, [N W A^SA[.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 92 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    GL^DJSINA[, KASSDA D@DK^SÛLGKA, MDSSIEGDL^I[ KA@ICASI^GRI[ W ND IKKD[A I @I LTCD


     GL^DSBIX ND @ÅLDI ND KAEILNA[8 KAEILNA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL, EALG^ASDA, NDVTSIKGÛL.
    GL^DSBIX
     VSARDDNASD[ ND [DSRGKGA8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, KILI@D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL, IKKD[A I [DSRGKGA[.
    VSARDDNASD[
     LDJAKGIKGÛL8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, I@KILKD, RISGIC@D[ K@IRD[, SD[^SGKKGALD[.
    LDJAKGIKGÛL8
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     KISIK^DSGXI
    KISIK^DSGXI D@ DL^ASLA W @@A[
    A[ SDKTS[A[ I [DS JD[^GALINA[ W E EALG^ASDINA[
    ALG^ASDINA[ ND IKTDSNA KAL
    EISKA[ ND SDBDSDLKGI, KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     V@ILDI
    V@ILDI @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @I[ D[^SI^DJGI[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^
    EALG^ASDA
    ASDA [DJØL KISIK^DSGXIKGÛL
    ND @I DEVSD[I.
     IVSAVGI
    IVSAVGI @I[ V@I^IBASEI[
    V@I^ IBASEI[ W SDKTS[A[ ^DKLA@ÛJGKA[ LDKD[ISG
    LDKD[ISGA[
    A[ VISI @I JD[^
    JD[^GÛL
    GÛL W EALG^A
    EALG^ASDA
    SDA
    ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI VSD[DL^D DL @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     SDKALAKD @A[ D[^ÉLNISD[ W @ÅLDI[ CI[D ND KALBGJTSIKG
    SDKALAKD KALBGJTSIKGÛL
    ÛL ND @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND EALG^ASDA W
    JD[^GÛL D@DJGNI[ [DJØL LDKD[GNIND[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     NDBGLD @I[ D[^SI^DJGI[ W EÇ^ANA[ ND SDKA@DKKGÛL ND NI^A[ ND EALG^ASDA.
    NDBGLD
     RI@GNI
    RI@GNI YTD @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[
    D[VDKGBG KIKGALD[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND@ [AB
    [AB^ZISD
    ^ZISD ND JD[^GÛL W EA
    EALG^ASDA
    LG^ASDA [D IHT[^DL I
    @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     K KAEVSTDCI
    AEVSTDCI YTD @A[ EDKILG[EA[ ND SDKA@DKKG
    SDKA@DKKGÛL
    ÛL ND NI^A[ ND EALG^ASDA [D IHT[^IL I @I[
    V@I^IBASEI[, IKASND KAL KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[ W SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ NDBGLGNA[.
     BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    R
    RDSGBGKI
    DSGBGKI YTD D@ [AB^ZISD
    SDYTDSGNA[ NDVAS
    JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA KTEV@D KAL KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[ W ND
    @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     GEV@DEDL^I [A@TKGALD[ ND ^A@DSILKGI I BI@@A[ VISI @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA
    GEV@DEDL^I
    ND IKTDSNA I @I KSG^GKGNIN ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[.
     GL[^I@I
    GL[^I@I @A[ IJDL^D[ ND EALG^ASDA W JD[^GÛL DL @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI I [DS EALG^ASDI [DJØL
    NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA.
     KALBGJTSI
    KALBGJTSI @I[ V@I^IBASEI[
    V@I^ IBASEI[ ND EALG^ASDA ND IKTDSNA I, KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND
    @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     VSAJSIEI D@ DLRÅA ND LA^GBGKIKGALD[ W I@ISEI[ [DJØL BI@@I[
    VSAJSIEI B I@@I[ W VSAC@DEI[ DLKAL^SINA[ DL @I
    GLBSID[^STK^TSI JD[^GALINI.
     INEGLG[^SI D@ [G[^DEI ND JD[^GÛL W EALG^ASDA GEV@DEDL^INA.
    INEGLG[^SI
     EEALG^ASDI
    ALG^ASDI YTD @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI EALG^ASDINI D[^Ç IKASND KAL KSG^DSGA[
    ^ÇKLGKA[, LASEI^GRI[
    LASEI^GRI[ W VIS^GKT@ISGNIND[ ND@ K@GDL^D.
     EALG^ASDI @I ISYTG^DK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI DEVSD[ISGI@, [DJØL [A@TKGÛL D[^IC@DKGNI.
    EALG^ASDI
     ND^DK^I @I[ BI@@I[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND @I ISYTG^DK^TSI EALG^ASDINI
    ND^DK^I
     RDSGBGKI
    R DSGBGKI YTD @I
    D[^IC@DKGNA[ DLGLBSID[^STK^TSI
    @I [A@TKGÛL. ^DKLA@ÛJGKI KTEV@I KAL @A[ LGRD@D[ ND [DSRGKGA
     VSD[DL^I
    V SD[DL^I GLBASED[
    GLBASED[ ND @I TT^G@GXIKGÛL,
    ^G@GXIKGÛL, NG[VAL
    NG[VALGCG@GNIN
    GCG@GNIN W SD
    SDLNGEGDL^A
    LNGEGDL^A DL @A[ SDKT
    SDKTS[A[
    S[A[
    EALG^ASDINA[.
     NAKTEDL^I
    N AKTEDL^I VDSGÛNGKIEDL^D @I CG^ÉKASI ND EALG^ASDA ND @I SDN ND IKTDSNA I @I[
    IK^TI@GXIKGALD[, BI@@I[ W KIECGA[ DBDK^TINA[.
     ND^DSEGLI EÇ^ANA[ A ^DKLA@AJÅI[ VISI GLKSDEDL^IS D@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN.
    ND^DSEGLI
     IV@GKI
    IV@GKI VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND IBGLIEGDL^A ND @I SDN KAL CI[D DL @A[ SDJG[^SA[ ND @I[ EDNGKGALD[
    W D@ EALG^ASDA.
     SSDI@GXI
    DI@GXI VSTDCI[ ND NGIJLÛ[^GKA YTD KTEV@IL KAL VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ^ÇKLGKA[ W LASEI^GRI[
    D[^IC@DKGNI[.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8

    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI ND [G[^DEI[,


    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, GLJDLGDSÅI WGLBASEÉ^GKI,
    KAL KALAKGEGDL^A GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI,
    D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[, [G[^DEI[

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 9: nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    SDN, V@I^IBASEI[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL W JD[^GÛL ND SDND[.


    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL [
    [D
    D SDYTGDSD
    VSABD[GALI@ VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D
    A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI YTD
    SD@IKGALINA[ D@@I
    KAL GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D
    D[VDKGI@GNIN ^D KAL
    ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A KAL @I KDS^GBGKIKGÛL GL^DSLIKGALI@ KKLI.
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[
    ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS,
     B ASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
     ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHIS
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    EILDHIS
     INIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    INIV^IKGÛL
     GLRD[^GJIS
    GLRD[^GJIS
     EILDHIS JSTVA[.
    EILDHIS
     @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
     ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND IV@GKIKGÛL ND KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND @I[ KGDLKGI[ LI^TSI@D[ ND IKTDSNA KAL
    KAEVD^DLKGI [G^TIKGALD[ ND@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 336369469


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND @I[ KGDLKGI[ LI^TSI@D[ ND IKTDSNA KAL


    KAEVD^DLKGI [G^TIKGALD[ ND@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    VSAVALDS IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI DL @A[ VSAKD[A[ VSANTK^GRA[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W
    @DWD[ ND @I BÅ[GKI
    GNDL^GBGKIS @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W @DWD[ ND @I BÅ[GKI DL @I [A@TKGÛL ND VSAC@DEI[ ND IKTDSNA I@
    KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 9= nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    RDSGBGKIS @I[ ^SIL[BASEIKGALD[ BÅ[GKI[ ND @I EI^DSGI T^G@GXILNA MDSSIEGDL^I[ ^DKLA@ÛJGKI[.


    [A@TKGALIS VSAC@DEI[ I[AKGINA[ KAL D@ [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA[ KAL CI[D DL @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W
    @DWD[ ND @I BÅ[GKI
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    T^G@GXIS
     T ^G@GXIS EIJLG^TND[ BÅ[GKI[ D[KI@ISD[
     D]V@GKIS KIECGA[ BG[KA[ ND @I EI^DSGI.
    D]V@GKIS
     ND[KSGCGS D@ EARGEGDL^A ND @A[ KTDSVA[.
    ND[KSGCGS
     GNDL^GBGKIS @A[ D@DEDL^A[ ND TL VSAKD[A ^ÇSEGKA.
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     GGNDL^GBGKIS
    NDL^GBGKIS @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ BÅ[GKA[ ND@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I[ EÉYTGLI[.
     ND[KSGCGS @I ^SI[BASEIKGÛL ND @I DLDSJÅI.
    ND[KSGCGS
     D]V@GKIS @I[ RISGIC@D[ YTD GL^DSRGDLDL DL TL [G[^DEI ^ÇSEGKA.
    D]V@GKIS
     ND[KSGCGS
    ND[KSGCGS @I[ BI[D[ ND AC[DSRIKGÛL, BASET@IKGÛL ND MGVÛ^D[G[ ND ^SICIHA, D]VDSGEDL^IKGÛL D
    GNDL^GBGKIKGÛL ND @DWD[ BÅ[GKI[.
     SDI@GXIS D]VDSGEDL^A[ VISI KAEVSACIS VSGLKGVGA[ W ^DASÅI[ BÅ[GKI[.
    SDI@GXIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    BÅ[GKI8
     B Å[GKI8 KALKDV^A W IV@GKIKGALD[
     A
    AC[DSRIKGÛL8C[DSRIKGÛL8 EÇ^ANA[, ^ÇKLGKI[, I^SGCT^A[, IV@GKIKGALD[ W T[A[.
     D]VDSGEDL^IKGÛL8 EÇ^ANA[, ^ÇKLGKI[, I^SGCT^A[, IV@GKIKGALD[ W T[A[.
    D]VDSGEDL^IKGÛL8
     EI^DSGI8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W D[^INA[
    EI^DSGI8
     EIJLG^TND[ BÅ[GKI[8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W ^GVA[
    EIJLG^TND[
     [G[^DEI[ ND TLGNIND[8 KALKDV^A, DYTGRI@DLKGI[ W ^GVA[.
    [G[^DEI[
     EÉYTGLI[8 KALKDV^A W ^GVA[.
    EÉYTGLI[8
     EARGEGDL^A8 KALKDV^A, @DWD[, VSGLKGVGA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W ^GVA[
    EARGEGDL^A8
     DLDSJÅI8 KALKDV^A, @DWD[, VSGLKGVGA[, EILGBD[^IKGALD[ W ^GVA[
    DLDSJÅI8
     [G[^DEI[ ^DSEANGLÉEGKA[8 KALKDV^A[ W IV@GKIKGALD[.
    [G[^DEI[
     ALNI[8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, ^GVA[
    ALNI[8
     BÅ[GKI EANDSLI8 KALKDV^A, K@I[GBGKIKGÛL W IV@GKIKGALD[,
    BÅ[GKI
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W @DWD[ BÅ[GKI[ IKASND[ KAL D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA.
     GL^DSVSD^I KIECGA[ BÅ[GKA[ ND @A[ KTDSVA[ ND IKTDSNA KAL ^DASÅI[, @DWD[ W VSGLKGVGA[.
    GL^DSVSD^I
     ND[KSGCD @I[ EILGBD[^IKGALD[ ND @I DLDSJÅI [DJØL D@ KAL^D]^A [AKGI@ W VSANTK^GRA.
    ND[KSGCD
     D]V@GKI D@ KAEVAS^IEGDL^A ND BDLÛEDLA[ BÅ[GKA[ [DJØL D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA.
    D]V@GKI
     I
    ISJTEDL^I
    SJTEDL^I @I GLKGNDLKGI ND @A@A[
    [ VSGLKGVGA[ W @@DWD[
    DWD[ ND @I BÅ
    BÅ[GKI
    [GKI KALBASED KA
    KALL D@ KAL^D]^
    KAL^D]^A A
    VSANTK^GRA.
     SDI@GXI
    SDI@GXI D]VDSGEDL^A[ VISI @I GL^DSVSD^IKGÛL ND BDLÛEDLA[ ND IKTDSNA KA KALL @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W
    @I[ @DWD[ ND @I BÅ[GKI.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
     @GKDLKGINA
    @GKDLKGINA DL BÅ[GKI, A BÅ[GKA, A GLJDLGDSA BÅ[GKA, A VSABD[GALI@ DL ÉSDI ND @I GLJDLGDSÅI IBÅL
    KAL D@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL.

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 97 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8


    EÅLGEA
     E ÅLGEA 93 ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@ DL D@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND@ ND[DEVDÙA.
     D]VDSGDLKGI NAKDL^D ND EÅLGEI ND 93 ED[D[
    D]VDSGDLKGI

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND IV@GKIS VSÉK^GKI[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL IECGDL^I@,
    IECGDL^I@, [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^S
    ^SICIHA
    ICIHA
    KAEVD^DLKGI ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[
    VA@Å^GKI[ ASJILGXIKGALI@D[
    ASJILGXIKGALI@D[ W @I LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 336269469


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I IV@GKIS VSÉK^GKI[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL IECGDL^I@, [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA


    KAEVD^DLKGI ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[ ASJILGXIKGALI@D[ W @I LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    ILI@GXIS @I[ D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I VSDRDLKGÛL W KAL^SA@ ND @A[ GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND @A[
    IKKGNDL^D[ W DLBDSEDNIND[ @ICASI@D[ (I^D@) ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[ ASJILGXIKGALI@
    ASJILGXIKGALI@D[D[ W
    D@ DL^ASLA [AKGI@.
    GEV@DEDL^IS D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI D@ KAL^SA@ ND @A[ GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND @A[ IKKGNDL^D[ W
    DLBDSEDNIND[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    SDI@GXIS [DJTGEGDL^A W IKAEVIÙIEGDL^A I@ ND[ISSA@@A ND @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[
    IECGDL^I@D[ W [[^, [DJØL D@ ÉSDI ND ND[DEVDÙA.
    VSAVALDS IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI VISI D@ EILDHA IECGDL^I@ W D@ KAL^SA@ ND @I [[^, ND IKTDSNA
    KAL D[^SI^DJGI[ ND ^SICIHA, KA@ICASI^GRA, KAAVDSI^GRA W KAASNGLINA DL D@ KAL^D]^A
    VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.

    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 36 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    NGBDSDLKGIS
     N GBDSDLKGIS @A[ I[VDK^A[ D GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ I[AKGINA[ I [T DL^ASLA @ICASI@ W [AKGI@.
     D]IEGLIS
    D]IEGLIS @I[ D[^SI^DJGI[ D[^IC@DKGNI[ VISI D@ KAL^SA@ ND @A[ GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ W @A[
    I^D@.
     SDRG[IS @I VA@Å^GKI IECGDL^I@ W ND [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA.
    SDRG[IS
    VALDS
     V ALDS DL VSÉK^GKI
     GGNDL^GBGKIS
    NDL^GBGKIS @I[ D[^SI^DJGI[
    @I[ K@I[D[ ND V@ILD[ WVISI D@ KAL^SA@
    VSAJSIEI[ ND ND @A[ GEVIK^A[
    JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@D[
    IECGDL^I@ W I^D@.
    W ND [[^ D[^IC@DKGNA[
    VISI @I GL^DSRDLKGÛL ND @A[ GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ W @A[ SGD[JA[ ND [[^.
     @@DRIS
    @@DRIS I KICA @I[
    @ I[ IK^GRGNIND[ D[^IC@DKG
    D[^IC@DKGNI[
    NI[ DL @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [[^,
    D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     ASGDL^IS I@ DYTGVA ND ^SICIHA DL D@ KTEV@GEGDL^A ND @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND
    ASGDL^IS
    [[^.
     E
    EALG^ASDIS
    ALG^ASDIS @@I
    I DHDKTKGÛL ND @I[ IK^
    IK^GRGNIND[
    GRGNIND[ VSAVGI[ ND [T KAKAL^D]^A,
    L^D]^A, D[^I
    D[^IC@DKGNI[
    C@DKGNI[ DL @A[
    V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ ND JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@ W ND [[^.
     KALBGSEIS
    K ALBGSEIS @I DHDKTKGÛL ND @I[ IK^GRGNIND[ D[^IC@DKGNI[ DL @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[
    IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [[^.
     KAL[A@GNIS @I GLBASEIKGÛL ND@ [DJTGEGDL^A I@ KTEV@GEGDL^A ND @A[ V@ILD[ IECGDL^I@D[ W [[^.
    KAL[A@GNIS
     VIS^GKGVIS DL @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ND GLKGNDL^D[ IECGDL^I@D[ W I^D@.
    VIS^GKGVIS
     IVAWIS
    I VAWIS @I JD[^GÛL ND IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND @I
    ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    SDKAEDLNIS
     SVDKAEDLNIS
     VSAEARDS
    SAEARDS @IIKKGALD[
    KT@^TSI^DLNGDL^D[ I EDHASIS
    IECGDL^I@EDL^D @I JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@
    SD[VAL[IC@D, W @I [[^. [T[^DL^IC@D W D@
    D@ ND[ISSA@@A
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     E EDNGA
    DNGA IECGDL^D8 KALKDV^A, KAEVALDL^D[, KAL[DSRIKGÛL, I[VDK^A[ D GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[,
    LASEI^GRGNIN CÉ[GKI @DJI@.
     I I[VDK^A[
    [VDK^A[ D GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,, K@I[D[ [DJØL D@ KAL^D]^A
    [AKGI@ W VSANTK^GRA, VSAC@DEÉ^GKI IECGDL^I@ I[AKGINI W @DJG[@IKGÛL IV@GKIC@D
     GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[, EDNGNI[ ND EILDHA IECGDL^I@.
    GEVIK^A[
     VA@Å^GKI[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [[^8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, I@KILKD W K@I[D[.
    VA@Å^GKI[
     V@ILD[ ND EILDHA W JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@8 ACHD^A, IV@GKIKGÛL W D[^STK^TSI.
    V@ILD[
     V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ ND JD[^GÛL ND [[^8 ACHD^A, IV@GKIKGÛL W D[^STK^TSI.
    V@ILD[
     [G[^DEI
    [G[^DEI ND JD[^GÛL W [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA8 KALKDV^A[ JDLDS
    JDLDSI@D[
    I@D[ W EISKA CÉ[GKA
    @DJI@, NDSDKMA[ W NDCDSD[.
     N NGSDK^SGKD[
    GSDK^SGKD[ W SDYTG[G^ A[ GL^DSLA[ ND@ [G[^DEI ND [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA8
    SDJ@IEDL^A ND MGJGDLD W [DJTSGNIN GLNT[^SGI@, SDJ@IEDL^A GL^DSLA ND ^SICIHA,
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND ^SICIHA [DJTSA, VSAJSIEI[, VA@Å^GKI ND [DJTSGNIN [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA W
    VA@Å^GKI[ ND VSDRDLKGÛL ND I@KAMA@ W [T[^ILKGI[ V[GKAIK^GRI[.
     VVD@GJSA[
    D@GJSA[ ND [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA VSAVGA[ ND@ [DK^AS DKALÛEGKA8 KALKDV^A,
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, K@I[D[, DBDK^A[ I @I [I@TN, EDKILG[EA[ ND KAL^SA@ W LASEI^GRGNIN.
     @@D[GALD[
    D[GALD[ W DLBDSEDNIND[ VSAVGI[ ND@ [DK^AS DKALÛEGKA8 KALKDV^A[, K@I[D[, KIT[I[ W
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     KKAL[DKTDLKGI[
    AL[DKTDLKGI[ ND @A[ IK^A[ D[^ÉLNIS W [TC D[^D[^ÉLNIS
    ÉLNIS DL D@ IECGDL^D @ICASI@8 KALKDV^A W
    KAL[DKTDLKGI[.
     E EDNGNI[
    DNGNI[ ND EILDHA IECGDL^I@8 KALKDV^A, VSDRDLKGÛL, KAL^SA@ W EG EG^GJIKGÛL,
    ^GJIKGÛL, D[^SI^DJGI[ ND
    GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL.
     V@IL ND DEDSJDLKGI[ W KAL^GLJDLKGI[8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[, ACHD^A, I@KILKD W D[^STK^TSI CÉ[GKI.
    V@IL
     NNGSDK^SGKD[
    GSDK^SGKD[ W SDYTG[G^ A[ GL^DSLA[ ND@ [G[^DEI ND [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA8
    SDJ@IEDL^A ND MGJGDLD W [DJTSGNIN GLNT[^SGI@, SDJ@IEDL^A GL^DSLA ND ^SICIHA,
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND ^SICIHA [DJTSA, VSAJSIEI[, VA@Å^GKI ND [DJTSGNIN [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA W
    VA@Å^GKI[ ND VSDRDLKGÛL ND I@KAMA@ W [T[^ILKGI[ V[GKAIK^GRI[.
     EALG^ASDA W [DJTGEGDL^A8 KALKDV^A, EÇ^ANA[ W NAKTEDL^IKGÛL I[AKGINI.
    EALG^ASDA
     DRGNDLKGI[ ND KTEV@GEGDL^A I @A[ VSAJSIEI[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [[^8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[ W
    DRGNDLKGI[

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 39 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     LASEI^GRGNIN8 SDVAS^D D GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ND IKKGNDL^D[ ND ^SICIHA W DLBDSEDNIND[ @ICASI@D[.
    LASEI^GRGNIN8
     [A[^DLGCG@GNIN DL D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA8 KAL[DSRIKGÛL T[A W EILDHA ND @A[ SDKTS[A[.
    [A[^DLGCG@GNIN
     D
    D[^SI^DJGI[
    [^SI^DJGI[ ND ^SICIHA KA@ICASI^GRA, KAAVDSI^GRA W KAASNGLINA8 KALKDV^A W
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     K
    KAEG^Ç[
    AEG^Ç[ IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W
    BTLKGALD[.
     IKKGALD[
    I KKGALD[ ND EDH ASI DL D@ EILDHA IECGDL^I@ W DL @I [[^8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GL^DSVSD^I
    GL^DSVSD^I D@ KAL^D]^A
    K AL^D]^A IECGDL^
    IECGDL^I@
    I@ W ND [[^, I[AKGINA I [T DL^
    DL^ASLA
    ASLA @ICASI@ W [AKGI@ IKASND
    KAL @I @DJG[@IKGÛL W LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
     SD@IKGALI @I @DJG[@IKGÛL W LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D [ACSD EDNGA IECGDL^D W [[^ KAL @A[ I[VDK^A[
    SD@IKGALI
    D GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[, JSA[ W SGD[JA[ YTD [D VSD[DL^IL DL [T IECGDL^D ND ^SICIHA [DJØL
    VA@Å^GKI[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL W D@ DL^ASLA @ICASI@.
     I
    ILI@GXI
    LI@GXI @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ ND JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@ W ND [[^ VISI @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND @A[
    KAL^SA@D[ ND GEVIK^A IECGDL^I@ D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     VIS^GKGVI DL D@ ND[ISSA@@A ND IKKGALD[ ASGDL^INI[ I@ KAL^SA@ ND @A[ GEVIK^A[ IECGDL^I@D[ W
    VIS^GKGVI
    @I NG[EGLTKGÛL ND IKKGNDL^D[ W DLBDSEDNIND[ @ICASI@D[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ V@ILD[ W
    VSAJSIEI[
     N
    ND^DSEGLI D[^IC@DKGNA[
    D^DSEGLI IKKGALD[ VISI VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    ASGDL^IS I [T DYTGVA ND ^SICIHA DL @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[
    IECGDL^I@D[ W ND [[^ [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     GEV@DEDL^I IKKGALD[ KAASNGLINI[ VISI D@ EALG^ASDA ND @A[ V@ILD[ W VSAJSIEI[ IECGDL^I@D[
    GEV@DEDL^I
    W ND [[^ [DJØL [T ÉSDI ND ND[DEVDÙA.
     BAEDL^I
    BAEDL^I @I KT@^TSI IECGDL^I@ SD[VAL[IC@D, D@ ND[ISSA@@A [T[^DL^IC@D W D@ IT^AKTGNINA DL
    [T KAL^D]^A [AKGI@ W VSANTK^GRA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I GL^DJSIKGÛL ND @A[ NGBDSDL^D[ IK^ASD[
    SD@IKGALINA[.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
     V
    VSABD[GALI@
    SABD[GALI@ D
    D[VDKGI@GXINA
    [VDKGI@GXINA D
    DLL [DJTSGNIN W [I@
    [I@TN
    TN DL D@ ^SI
    ^SICIHA
    CIHA KAL BASE
    BASEIKGÛL
    IKGÛL DL JD[^GÛL
    JD[^GÛ L
    IECGDL^I@ A DNTKIKGÛL IECGDL^I@.
     GLJDLGDSA IECGDL^I@,
    GLJDLGDSA IECGDL^I@, DKÛ@AJA A VSABD[GALD[ IBGLD[ KAL BASEIKGÛL DL [DJTSGNIN
    [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@
    ^SICIHA.
     VSABD[GALI@ KAL D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL DL JD[^GÛL IECGDL^I@ W [DJTSGNIN W [I@TN DL D@ ^SICIHA.
    VSABD[GALI@
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
     R
    RDGL^GKTI^SA
    DGL^GKTI^SA (3> ) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @AI KTI@D[ NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ W
    [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 33 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK


    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Kalbgjurir ngspasgtgvas iktgvas nd gltdrkaldxgûl sdjøl dspdkgbgkikgalds nd` ngsdùa y prataka`as
    KAEVD^DLKGI tçklgkas.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 33646996>


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ ;;2 maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    RDSGBGKIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[
    SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[.
    V@ILGBGKIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @I ISYTG^DK^TSI ND @I SDN [DJØL D@ NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA.
    JD[^GALIS @A[ DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, VISI JISIL^GXIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I
    KALBGJTSIS @A[ DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I ISYTG^DK^TSI
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[

    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A


    ILI@GXIS
     I LI@GXIS SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ IK^TI@D[ W BT^TSA[ DL GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
     GL^DSVSD^IS V@ILA[ ISYTG^DK^ÛLGKA[, D@ÇK^SGKA[ W ND SDN.
    GL^DSVSD^IS
     GL^DSVSD^IS D@ EAND@INA BÅ[GKA W @ÛJGKA ND @I SDN.
    GL^DSVSD^IS
     V@ILGBGKIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
    V@ILGBGKIS
     I@G[^IS D@DEDL^A[ W DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
    I@G[^IS
     KALBGJTSIS NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
    KALBGJTSIS
     [GET@IS SDND[ ND NI^A[.
    [GET@IS
     GEV@DEDL^IS,
    GEV@DEDL^IS, DL NG[VA[G^GRA[
    NG [VA[G^GRA[ IK^GR
    IK^GRA[
    A[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, KAL^
    KAL^SA@D[,
    SA@D[, EDKILG[EA
    EDKILG[EA[[ ND IKKD[A W
    ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL.
     [DJEDL^IS @I SDN DEV@DILNA NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A GVR>.
    [DJEDL^IS
     GGEV@DEDL^IS
    EV@DEDL^IS D[YTDEI[ W EDKILG[EA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL ND SDND[ W NGSDKKGALIEGDL^
    NGSDKKGALIEGDL^AA GVR> D
    GVR2.
     GEV@DEDL^IS, DL NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, [DSRGKGA[ ND GLBSID[^STK^TSI SDN.
    GEV@DEDL^IS,
    IVSAVGIS
     I
     RVSAVGIS
    DSGBGKIS D@
    RDSGBGKIS D@ T[A ND GLNGKINASD[
    BTLKGALIEGDL^A W EDNGNI[ ND ND[DEVDÙA
    D GL^DSKALD]GÛL ND SDN.
    ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[.
     GNDL^GBGKIS ^DLNDLKGI[ ND SDLNGEGDL^A, T^G@GXIKGÛL W KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA.
    GNDL^GBGKIS

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 3; nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    DBDK^TIS
     D BDK^TIS ILÉ@G[G[ ND ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN.
     KAEVSACIS @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND MISNZISD W/A ND [AB^ZISD.
    KAEVSACIS
     ND^DK^IS BI@@I[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.
    ND^DK^IS
     D@ICASIS CG^ÉKASI ND@ [G[^DEI W NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL W IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND
    D@ICASIS
    NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     E
    EDNGA[
    DNGA[ ND ^SIL[EG
    ^SIL[EG[GÛL8
    [GÛL8 KALKDV^A, ^ ^GVA[,
    GVA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KI^DJASÅI[ W VSAKDNG
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A[
    EGDL^A[ ND
    GL^DSKALD]GÛL.
     VSA^AKA@A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL8 NDBGLGKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, BTLKGALIEGDL^A, T^G@GNIN, T[A[.
    VSA^AKA@A[
     SDND[ ND NI^A[8 KALKDV^A[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, T^G@GNIND[, T[A[, CDLDBGKGA[, ^AVA@AJÅI[.
    SDND[
     KDL^SA
    KDL^SA ND NI^A[8 NDBGLGKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KALBASEIKGÛL, ^DKLA@AJÅI[ T^G@GXINI[, LASEI[
    SDJ@IEDL^ISGI[, T^G@GNIND[, BTLKGALIEGDL^A.
     S
    SDND[
    DND[ @IL8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[. NG[DÙA, D[^ÉLNISD[, DYTGVA[ ND KALDK^GRGNIN (KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    KAEVALDL^D[ MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, KALBGJTSIKGÛL, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL (NGIJLÛ[^GKA ND BI@@I[, B I@@I[,
    IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, KAL^SA@ ND IKKD[A, A^SA[) W [DJTSGNIN), VSA^AKA@A[,
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[ (D^MDSLD^, ^AODL SGLJ,BNNG, ED^SA D^MDSLD^, Z D^MDSLD^, SN[G, BSIED SD@IW, KIC@D
    EANDE, EV@[, I^E, A^SI[).
     S SDND[
    DND[ ZIL8 KISIK^
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    DSÅ[^GKI[, NG[
    NG[DÙA,
    DÙA, D[^ÉLNISD[, VSVSA^AKA@A[,
    A^AKA@A[, DYDYTGVA[
    TGVA[ ND KALDK^GRG
    KALDK^GRGNIN
    NIN
    (KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KAEVALDL^D[ MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, KALBGJTSIKGÛL, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    (NGIJLÛ[^GKA ND BI@@I[, IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, KAL^SA@ ND IKKD[A, W
    [DJTSGNIN), VSA^AKA@A[ ^KV/GV.
     N NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A
    GSDKKGALIEGDL^A GV8 K@I[D[ ND SDND[, SDJ@I[ W SD[^SGKKGALD[ ND NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A,
    [DJEDL^IKGÛL, NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A GVR> D GVR2.
     I
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    NEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND NGSDK
    NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A
    KGALIEGDL^A @ÛJGK
    @ÛJGKA8
    A8 BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    BTLKGALIEGDL^A,, ^DKLA@AJÅI[, KALB
    KALBGJTSIKGÛL,
    GJTSIKGÛL,
    SD[A@TKGÛL ND VSAC@DEI[.
     D DYTGVA[
    YTGVA[ IK^GRA [ ND GL^DSK ALD]GÛL8 K@I[GB GKIKGÛL, NDB GLGKGÛL, KISIK^ DSÅ[^GKI[, T[A[ ,
    KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND VSA^AKA@A[ ND DLST^IEGDL^A, R@IL, GL^DSBIKD[, LI^, VI^, VSA^AKA@A[ ND
    [VILLGLJ ^SDD, R^V, [DSRGKGA M^^V, NMKV, L^V, [[M, NL[, KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA W JD[^GÛL ND@ ILKMA
    ND CILNI.
     J JD[^GÛL
    D[^GÛL ND@ ILKMA ND CILNI W KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA8 GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND @I
    KALJD[^GÛL, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND KA@I[, B@THA W EIL^DLGEGDL^A ND ^SÉBGKA, INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND
    [DSRGKGA[ W VA@Å^GKI[, MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL, VSA^AKA@A[ (YA[, ^A[, A^SA[), ^SIBBGK
    [MIVVGLJ, I@^I NG[VALGCG@GNIN W SDNTLNILKGI.
     [ [AB^ZISD
    AB^ZISD ND [G
    [GET@IKGÛL
    ET@IKGÛL ND SDND[8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, KISIK^DSÅ[^
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    GKI[, K@I[D[, AVDSIKGÛL W
    VIYTD^D[.
     NAKTEDL^IKGÛL
    NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI8
    ^ ÇKLGKI8 KAL[^STKKGÛ
    KAL[^STKKGÛL L ND GL[^STK^GRA[ ^^ÇKLGKA[,
    ÇKLGKA[, MAHI[ ND RG
    RGNI
    NI ND DYTGVA[ W
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @I[ ^AVA@AJÅI[ BÅ[GKI[ W @ÛJGKI[ ND @I SDN, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[
    ^ÇKLGKI[ ND@ NG[DÙA.
     GGGL^DSVSD^I
    GL^DSVSD^I @A[ V@ILA[ ISYTG^DK^ÛLGKA[, D@ÇK^SGKA[ W ND SDN, ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ NG[DÙA
    D[^IC@DKGNA.
     I@G[^I @A[ D@DEDL^A[ W DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[, SDYTDSGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA.
    I@G[^I
     VSDVISI @A[ DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA.
    VSDVISI
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @I[ NGBDSDLKGI[ W SD@IKGALD[ DL^SD @I[ NGSDKKGALD[ EIK, NGSDKKGALD[ GV W @A[
    LØEDSA[ ND VTDS^A[, VISI SDI@GXIS @I[ KALBGJTSIKGALD[ LDKD[ISGI[ ND@ NG[DÙA.
     KALDK^I @A[ VTDS^A[ ND JD[^GÛL VISI [T KALBGJTSIKGÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[
    KALDK^I
    ^ÇKLGKI[ ND@ BICSGKIL^D W/A ^DKLA@AJÅI I T^G@GXIS.
     K KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI KAL^
    KAL^SA@D[,
    SA@D[, EDKILG[EA[
    EDKILG [EA[ ND IKKD[A W ND INEGLG[^SIKG
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    ÛL DL @A[ DYT
    DYTGVA[
    GVA[ IK^GRA[,
    SDYTDSGNA[ [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[.
     GEV@DEDL^I D[YTDEI ND [TCSDND[ W NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A GVR> D GVR2, CI[INA DL @I ^AVA@AJÅI ND@
    GEV@DEDL^I

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 3> nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    NG[DÙA ND @I SDN ND NI^A[.


     KALDK^I @A[ VTDS^A[ @IL W ZIL VISI @I GGL^DSKALD]GÛL ND @A[ [DJEDL^A[ ND SDN, ND IKTDSNA I
    KALDK^I
    @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND@ BICSGKIL^D W/A ^DKLA@AJÅI I T^G@GXIS.
     K
    KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI R@IL, GNDL^GBGKILNA @I[ RDL^IHI[, @@A[
    A[ ^GVA[ W VSA^AKA@A[ D[VDKGBGKINA[ DL @I
    [A@TKGÛL.
     KALBGJTSI ST^I[ D[^É^GKI[, VSA^AKA@A[ ND DLST^IEGDL^A NGLÉEGKA W ST^I[ VAS NDBDK^A, VISI
    KALBGJTSI
    AV^GEGXIS D@ ^SÉBGKA ND NI^A[.
     KALBGJTSI
    KALBGJTSI ^DKLA@AJÅI[
    ^DKL A@AJÅI[ ZIL, VISI JISIL^GXIS @I K
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
    AETLGKIKGÛL W D@ IK
    IKKD[A
    KD[A I @A[ [DSRGKGA[ W
    SDKTS[A[.
     GEV@DEDL^I
    G EV@DEDL^I [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN DLNG[VA[G^G RA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, [DJØL @I[
    D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ NG[DÙA.
     IIV@GKI
    V@GKI @G[^ I[ ND KAL^SA@ ND IKKD[A, CI[ÉLN A[D DL @I[ VA @Å^GKI[, VSA KDNGEGDL^A[ W
    SDKAEDLNIKGALD[ VISI D@ T[A ND @A[ SDKTS[A[.
     KKALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A[ VISÉED^
    VISÉED^SA[
    SA[ ND NGSDKKGALIEGDL^A GV W ND ^SINTKKGÛL ND NGSDKKGALD[ ND SDN,
    [DJØL @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     KAEVSTDCI
    KAEVSTDCI @A[ VISÉED^SA[
    VISÉED ^SA[ ND MISNZISD WW/A
    /A ND [AB^ZISD ND @A[ NG[VA[G^
    NG[VA[G^GRA[
    GRA[ ND SDN, [DJ
    [DJØL
    ØL
    @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     IVSAVGI
    I VSAVGI D@ T[A ND GLNG KINASD[ W E DNGNI[ ND ND [DEVDÙA ND @ I SDN, [ DJØL D[^ÉLNISD[,
    SDKAEDLNIKGALD[ ND LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
     SDKAEDLNIKGALD[
    GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI ^DLNDLKGI[ ND SDLNGEGDL^A,
    ND LASEI^GRGNIN T^G@GXIKGÛL W KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA, [DJØL D[^ÉLNISD[,
    RGJDL^D.
     D
    DBDK^ØI
    BDK^ØI VSTDCI [ ND KALDK^GRGN IN, NG[VALGCG@ GNIN, SDLNGEGDL^ A W KI@GNIN, [DJØL @I[
    D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     N ND^DSEGLI
    D^DSEGLI VI^SALD[ ND KI@GNIN ND@ [DSRGKGA DL @A[ LGRD@D[ ND @I SDN, JISIL^GXILNA D@
    ND[DEVDÙA SDYTDSGNA VAS @I [A@TKGÛL.
     ND^DK^I BI@@I[ ND BTLKGALIEGD
    ND^DK^I BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    L^A ND @I SDN ND NI^A[, [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[
    VA@Å^GKI[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND @I
    DL^GNIN.
     I[DJTSI
    I[DJTSI @I KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA
    [D SRGKGA W KAL^SA@ ND ^^SÉBGKA
    SÉBGKA DL @I SDN ND NI^
    NI^A[,
    A[, VISI JISIL^GXI
    JISIL^GXISS D@
    KASSDK^A ND[DEVDÙA ND @I SDN.
     J JD[^GALI
    D[^GALI ISKMGRA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL@I[ VA@Å^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ W
    SDKAEDLNIKGALD[ VSAVGI[ ND @I DL^GNIN.
     D@ICASI
    D @ICASI @I CG^ÉKASI ND@ [G[^DEI W NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND @I KALBGJTSIKGÛL W
    IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[, [DJØL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI ND [G[^DEI[, GLJDLGDSÅI GLBASEÉ^GKI, GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI,
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, KAL KALAKGEGDL^A W D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[ W [DSRGKGA[
    ND SDN.
    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI [ [D
    D SDYTGDSD VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D YTD D@ GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D^D KAL
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I D[VDKGI@GNIN ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A I@ EDLA[ TLI ND @I[ [GJT
    [GJTGDL^D[
    GDL^D[ KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ GL^DSLI
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8
    KGALI@D[8
    KG[KA
    KKLI
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@
    ND DHDSKGKGA
    NAKDLKGI.ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 34 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS,
     B ASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
     ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHIS
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    EILDHIS
     INIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    INIV^IKGÛL
     GLRD[^GJIS
    GLRD[^GJIS
     @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
     ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND KALBGJTSIS NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A ND IKTDSNA KAL D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@
    KAEVD^DLKGI NG[DÙA W VSA^AKA@A[ ^ÇKLGKA[

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 336469962


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ ND KÛEVT^A.


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ 4:2 maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    KALBGJTSIS D@ MISNZISD, NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A W [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[ LDKD[ISGA[ VISI @I
    GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN.
    RDSGBGKIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN ND IKTDSNA I
    VA@Å^GKI[ ND @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
    JD[^GALIS @A[ NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN VISI JISIL^GXIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    ND @I V@I^IBASEI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI.
    GEV@DEDL^IS @A[ [DSRGKGA[ SDN LDKD[ISGA[ VISI KTEV@GS @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ VAS^IBA@GA ND
    [DSRGKGA[ ND ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    KALBGJTSIS
     K ALBGJTSIS @A[ NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A.
     GL[^I@IS D@ [G[^DEI AVDSI^GRA DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.
    GL[^I@IS
     D@ICASIS NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND@ VSAKD[A ND GL[^I@IKGÛL W KALBGJTSIKGÛL.
    D@ICASIS
     KALBGJTSIS @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND KAEVT^IKGÛL AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.
    KALBGJTSIS
     KALBGJTSIS KAEVALDL^D[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.
    KALBGJTSIS
     KALBGJTSIS
    KALBGJTSIS I@^I NG[VALGCG@GNIN W IKKD[A I @A[ [DSRGKGA[ DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D[ W/A DL @I

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 32 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

     GGL[^I@IS
    L[^I@IS [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN [D@DKKGALINA[ DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.
     GEV@DEDL^IS EDKILG[EA[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[ ND SDN.
    GEV@DEDL^IS
     ND[V@DJIS [DSRGKGA[ ND IV@GKIKGALD[, V@I^IBASEI D GLBSID[^STK^TSI DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D
    ND[V@DJIS
    W/A DL @I LTCD.
     GGEV@DEDL^IS
    DL EV@DEDL^IS
    @I LTCD. EDKILG[EA[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL D GL^DSKALD]GÛL DL^SD @A[ DL^ASLA[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A
     GEV@DEDL^IS EDKILG[EA[ ND SDKTVDSIKGÛL W SD[VI@NA ND NI^A[ W KALBGJTSIKGALD[.
    GEV@DEDL^IS
     SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ ND AVDSIKGÛL [ACSD @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI.
    SDI@GXIS
     S
    SDI@GXIS
    DI@GXIS VSTDCI[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND GLBSID[^STK^TSI, V@I^IBASEI[ W
    IV@GKIKGALD[ DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.
     ND^DK^IS BI@@A[ DL D@ SDLNGEGDL^A ND @I [A@TKGÛL GEV@DEDL^INI.
    ND^DK^IS
     RDSGBGKIS D@ SDLNGEGDL^A ND @I [A@TKGÛL ND[V@DJINI.
    RDSGBGKIS
     D[^IC@DKDS D[^SI^DJGI[ ND EDHASI KAL^GLTI ND@ [DSRGKGA.
    D[^IC@DKDS
     E EIL^DLDS
    IL^DLDS @I CG
    CG^ÉKASI
    ^ÉKASI ND IK^GRG
    IK^GRGNIND[
    NIND[ W DRDL^A[ ND @I GLBSID[^STK^
    GLBSID[^STK^TSI
    TSI W @I[ V@I^
    V@I^IBASEI[
    IBASEI[
    ^DKLA@ÛJGKI[.
     SDI@GXIS @I IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND KAEVALDL^D[ MISNZISD A [AB^ZISD.
    SDI@GXIS
     JD[^GALIS
    JD[^GALIS @I[
    @ I[ V@I^IBASE
    V@I^IBASEI[
    I[ ND INEGLG[^SIK
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    GÛL W [TVDSRG[GÛL ND KAEVALDL^D[
    K AEVALDL^D[ W [DSRG
    [DSRGKGA[
    KGA[ DL
    IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[DAL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD.

    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS


     VSAJSIEIKGÛL8
    VSAJSIEIKGÛL8 KÛNGJA BTDL^D W CGLISGA, KAEVG@IKGÛL. [KSGV^[ VISI VSAKD[A[ DL CI^KM (@A^D[)
    DL NGBDSDL^D[ [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[.
     MISNZISD8 KALKDV^A[, ^DKLA@AJÅI[, ^GVA[, ISYTG^DK^TSI ND@ MISNZISD ND DYTGVA[ ND KÛEVT^A
    MISNZISD8
    K@GDL^D[ W [DSRGNASD[
     [G[^DEI[
    [ G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[8 KALKDV^A. K@I[GBGKIKGÛL (ND SDN W ND K@GDL^D), KISIK^DSÅ[^GK
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    I[,
    ISYTG^DK^TSI, VISIED^SGXIKGÛL, ISKMGRA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL.
     NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KAEVALDL^D[ MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD, K@I[GBGKIKGÛL,
    NG[VA[G^GRA[
    [G[^DEI AVDSI^GRA, KSG^DSGA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL D GL^DSKALD]GÛL, KSG^DSGA[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL,
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[, VSA^AKA@A[.
     JD[^GÛL
    JD[^GÛL ND @A[ NI^A[8 ^ÇKLGKI[, ED^ANA@AJÅI[, D[^SI^DJGI[ W [AB^ZISD VISI INEGLG[^SIS @I[
    KAVGI[ ND SD[VI@NA, D[^SI^DJGI[ W [AB^ZISD VISI SDKTVDSIKGÛL ND NI^A[.
     J
    JD[^GÛL
    D[^GÛL ND SDNTLNILKGI ND [DSRGNASD[8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, ^A@DSILKGI I BI@@I[, V@ILD[ ND
    KAL^GLJDLKGI, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND AVDSIKGÛL.
     MMDSSIEGDL^I[
    DSSIEGDL^I[ ^DKLA@ÛJGKI[ GLBSID[^STK^TSI[ AL-VSDEG[D W DL @I LTCD8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    BTLKGALI@GNIN,, KSG^DSGA[ ND EILDHA, VIYTD^D[ GL^DJSINA[, KASSDA D@DK^SÛLGKA, MDSSIEGDL^I[
    BTLKGALI@GNIN
    KA@ICASI^GRI[
     @@GKDLKGIEGDL^A8
    GKDLKGIEGDL^A8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KSG^DSGA[ ND GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL, KSG^DSGA[ ND
    INYTG[GKGÛL W EILDHA, @DJG[@IKGÛL.
     GGLBSID[^STK^TSI
    LBSID[^STK^TSI VOG8 GL^SANTKKGÛL I @I KSGV^AJSIBÅI, KSGV^AJSIBÅI ND K@IRD [GEÇ^SGKI,
    KSGV^AJSIBÅI ND @@IRD I[GEÇ^SGKI, IT^ASGNIND[ KDS^GBGKINASI[, BGSEI NGJG^I@, KDS^GBGKINA[
    NGJG^I@D[.
     [ [DSRGKGA[
    DSRGKGA[ ND SDN8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, IKTDSNA[ ND LGRD@ LGRD@D[
    D[ ND [DSRGKGA, KI@
    KI@GNIN
    GNIN ND [DSRGKGA
    [DSRGKGA,,
    KALKDV^A[ ND [DSRGKGA[ ND SDND[, VSA^AKA@A[ W [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN (NL[, NL[[DK, NNL[, [E^V,
    [E^V[, VAV;, VAV;[, GEIV, GEIV[, B^V, B^V[, M^^V, M^^V[, ZDCNIR, NMKV, L^V [DSRDS, BG@D [DSRDS,
    NB[, LB[, ZN[, Z[T[, LV[, SINGT[, [DSRGKGA[ ND GL[^I@IKGÛL SDEA^I, [DSRGKGA[ ND JD[^GÛL
    SDEA^I, [DSRGKGA[ ND SDVA[G^ASGA ND VIYTD^D[).
     IIV@GKIKGALD[
    V@GKIKGALD[ ZDC8 KALKDV^A[, JDLDSI@G
    JDLDSI@GNIND[,
    NIND[, KAEVALDL^D[, V@I^IBASEI[ ZDC, CI[D[ ND
    NI^A[, CIKODLN ND IT^DL^GKIKGÛL, SDNTLNILKGI.
     [DSRGKGA[
    [ DSRGKGA[ ND NGS DK^ASGA8 KALKD V^A[ ND NAEGLGA , D[^STK^TSI @ ÛJGKI W BÅ[GKI , KTDL^I[,
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND KTDL^I[, [DJTSGNIN DL @I[ KTDL^I[ W @A[ IKKD[A[, NGSDK^ASGA[ W ACHD^A[ DL
    JDLDSI@, VA@Å^GKI[ ND NAEGLGA, SD@IKGALD[ ND KALBGILXI, SDV@GKIKGÛL ND ACHD^A[, SDNTLNILKGI.
     [AB^ZISD ND RGS^TI@GXIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A[, JDLDSI@GNIND[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, K@I[D[, KSG^DSGA[ ND
    [AB^ZISD

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 3: nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    AVDSIKGÛL, VIYTD^D[, EÉYTGLI[ RGS^TI@D[, SDND[ W KAEVALDL^D[ RGS^TI@D[, I@EIKDLIEGDL^A,


    SDNTLNILKGI,
    SDNTLNILK GI, EGJSIKGÛL, I@^I NG[VALGCG@GN
    NG[VALGCG@GNIN,
    IN,
     K
    KAL^DLDNASD[8
    AL^DLDNASD[8 KALKDV^A[, JDLDSI@GNIND[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, GEÉJDLD[, DL@IKD[, RA@ØEDLD[,
    ND[V@GDJTD ND GEÉJDLD[, JD[^GÛL ND GEÉJDLD[.
     SDYTDSGEGDL^A[
    K@ATN
    K@ATN KAEVT^GLJ8
    LAKALKDV^A, ILÉ@G[G[
    BTLKGALI@D[, ND @@I[
    I[ VA[GCG@GNIND[
    GLBSID[^STK^TSI IK^TI@D[,
    ^DKLA@ÛJGKI, LDKD[GNIND[
    ^GVA[ W ILÉ@G[G[
    ND [DSRGKGA[ ND
    (GII[, VII[,
    [II[), EAND@A[ ND ND[V@GDJTD, EGJSIKGÛL ND [DSRGKGA[, GLBSID[^STK^TSI[, GLBSID[^STK^TSI[
    MÅCSGNI (AL-VSDEG[D[ - LTCD).
     I
    I@EIKDLIEGDL^A8
    @EIKDLIEGDL^A8 KALKDV^A[, JDLDSI@GNIND[, ^GVA[, ^DKLA@AJÅI[, G[K[G, BGCDS KMILLD@, [I[,
    ISSDJ@A[ SIGN.
     KDL^SA
    KDL^SA ND NI^A[8 NDBGLGKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KALBASEIKGÛL, ^DKLA@AJÅI[ T^G@GXINI[, LASEI[
    SDJ@IEDL^ISGI[, T^G@GNIND[, BTLKGALIEGDL^A.
     KAL^SI^IKGÛL8
    KAL^SI^IKGÛL8 VSAKD[A ND KAL^SI^IKGÛL, ^ÇSEGLA[ ND SDBDSDLKGI, VSAVTD[^I, DRI@TIKGÛL W
    KI@GBGKIKGÛL ND VSAVTD[^I[ W VSARDDNASD[, KALKDV^A[ ND KAL^SI^A[ GLBASEÉ^GKA[
    (LI^TSI@DXI, ^GVA[, VSGLKGVGA[
    VSGLKGVGA[ W KISIK^DS
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[),
    Å[^GKI[), LASEI^GRGNIN ND KKAL^SI^IKGÛL
    AL^SI^IKGÛL (D[^I^I@ W
    VSGRINI). K@ÉT[T@I[ ND SD[VAL[ICG@GNIN, JISIL^ÅI W EIL^DLGEGDL^A W LGRD@ ND [DSRGKGA DL @A[
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     KKALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A[ NG[VA[G^
    NG[VA[G^GRA[
    GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A LDKD[ISGA[ VISI @I GGL[^I@IKGÛL
    L[^I@IKGÛL ND @A@A[
    [ [G[^DEI[
    AVDSI^GRA[ [DJØL @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     GGL[^I@I
    L[^I@I @A[ [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[ ND SDN W [T[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL, T[ILNA TLI
    CTDLI VSÉK^GKI W KALBGJTSIKGÛL [DJØL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ [DSRGKGA.
     D
    D@ICASI
    @ICASI @I NAKTEDL^
    NAKTEDL^IKGÛL
    IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND @@A[
    A[ NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND KÛEVT^A W [G[^
    [G[^DEI[
    DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[
    [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[ W SDKAEDLNIKGALD[.
     K KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI V@I^IBASEI[ W KAEVALDL^D[ ND KAEVT^IKGÛL DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I
    LTCD ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ NG[DÙA.
     K KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI KAEVALDL^D
    KAEVALDL^D[ [ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL [ACSD @I GLBSID[^
    GLBSID[^STK^TSI
    STK^TSI AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I
    LTCD ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ NG[DÙA.
     KALBGJTSI
    K ALBGJTSI @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI KAEVT^IKGALI@ SDYTDSGNI VISI I@^I NG[VALGCG@GNIN,
    SDNTLNILKGI ND NI^A[ W IKKD[A I @A[ [DSRGKGA[ DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D[ W/A DL @I LTCD.
     N ND[V@GDJI
    D[V@GDJI [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN, GGLK@TWDLNA
    LK@TWDLNA @I KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND@ [AB^ZISD, VISÉED^SA
    VISÉED^SA[ [ ND
    KALDK^GRGNIN W VDSEG[A[ ND@ [G[^DEI, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ VAS^IBA@GA ND
    [DSRGKGA[ NDBGLGNA.
     GEV@DEDL^I
    GEV@DEDL^I EDKILG[EA[ ND [DJTSGNIN SDYTDSGNA[ VISI @I VSA^ VSA^DKKGÛL
    DKKGÛL ND @@I[
    I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[
    ND SDN.
     ND[V@GDJI
    ND[V@GDJI [DSRGKGA[ ND IV@GKIKGALD[,
    IV@ GKIKGALD[, V@I^IBASEI D GLBSID[^STK^TSI DL IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D
    W/A DL @I LTCD YTD KTEV@IL KAL @I[ D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ NDBGLGNI[ DL D@ NG[DÙA.
     GEV@DEDL^I @A[ EDKILG[EA[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL D GL^DSKALD]GÛL DL^SD @A[ DL^ASLA[ AL-VSDEG[D
    GEV@DEDL^I
    W/A @I LTCD [DJØL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ W SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ NDBGLGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     S SDI@GXI
    DI@GXI VSTDCI[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND GLBSID[^STK^TSI, V@I^IBASEI[ W
    IV@GKIKGALD[ GL[^I@INA[ [DJØL D@ NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA
     RDSGBGKI D@ ND[DEVDÙA ND @I [A@TKGÛL ND[V@DJINI [DJØL @A[ LGRD@D[ ND AVDSIKGÛL IKASNINA[
    RDSGBGKI
    DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI BI@@A[ DL D@ SDLNGEGDL^A W AVDSIKGÛL ND @I [A@TKGÛL KAL CI[D DL @A[ LGRD@D[ ND
    AVDSIKGÛL IKASNINA[.
     D D[^IC@DKD
    [^IC@DKD D[^SI^DJG
    D[^SI^DJGI[
    I[ ND EDHASI KAL^GLTI ND@ [DSRGKGA VISI JISIL^GXIS W AV^GEGXIS @A[
    LGRD@D[ ND AVDSI^GRGNIN IKASNINA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     NAKTEDL^I @I CG^ÉKASI ND DRDL^A[ ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI W @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND IKTDSNA I @I[
    NAKTEDL^I
    VA@Å^GKI[ D[^IC@DKGNI[.
     SDI@GXI @I IK^TI@GXIKGÛL ND KAEVALDL^D[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD ND @A[ DYTGVA[ ND KÛEVT^A
    SDI@GXI
    [DJØL D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ VSARDDNAS.
     INEGLG[^SI @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND JD[^GÛL W [TVDSRG[GÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ W [DSRGKGA[ DL
    INEGLG[^SI

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 3= nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    IECGDL^D[ AL-VSDEG[D W/A DL @I LTCD [DJØL CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[ W SDKAEDLNIKGALD[.

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND [G[^DEI[, GGLJDLGDSÅI
    LJDLGDSÅI GLBASEÉ^GK
    GLBASEÉ^GKI,I, GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI,
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, KAL KALAKGEGDL^A W D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[, [G[^DEI[
    AVDSI^GRA[ ND SDN, [DSRGKGA[ ND SDN AL-VSDEG[D W DL @I LTCD, V@I^IBASEI[ ND RGS^TI@GXIKGÛL W
    ND KAEVT^IKGÛL DL @I LTCD.

    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI [ [D
    D SDYTGDSD VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D YTD D@ GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D
    ^D KAL
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I D[VDKGI@GNIN ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A I@ EDLA[ TLI ND @I[ [GJT
    [GJTGDL^D[
    GDL^D[ KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ GL^DSLI
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8
    KGALI@D[8
    KG[KA KKLI
    SDNMI^ SMKD
    SDNMI^ AVDL[^IKO
    EGKSA[AB^ E[KN
    REZISD D[]G
    ]DL
    EGKSA[AB^ EKV
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[
    ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS,
     B ASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
     ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHIS
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    EILDHIS
    INIV^IKGÛL
     I NIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    GLRD[^GJIS
    GLRD[^GJIS
     EILDHIS JSTVA[.
    EILDHIS
     @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
     ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND ND[ISSA@@IS VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIKD[ W DBDK^GRA[, ^DLGDLNA DL
    KAEVD^DLKGI KTDL^I [G^TIKGALD[ ND ASNDL [AKGI@, VDS[ALI@ W VSANTK^GRA.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>636943>


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 37 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.; LAECSD ND @I ND[ISSA@@IS VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ASI@ W D[KSG^A[ DL


    BASEI DBGKIX W DBDK^GRI, ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I [G^TIKGALD[ ND
    KAEVD^DLKGI ASNDL [AKGI@, VDS[ALI@ W VSANTK^GRA.

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris) D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris

    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD


    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    SD@IKGALIS @A[ VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I KSG^DSGA[ ND @ÛJGKI W
    SIKGALI@GNIN
    ISJTEDL^IS DL BASEI ASI@ W D[KSG^I I^DLNGDLNA @I[ D]GJDLKGI[ W VIS^GKT@ISGNIND[ ND @I[
    NGRDS[I[ [G^TIKGALD[ KAETLGKI^GRI[ EDNGIL^D @A[ NG[^GL^A[ [G[^DEI[ ND SDVSD[DL^IKGÛL.
    ILI@GXIS @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND @I KAETLGKIKGÛL [DJØL [T[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, GL^DLKGALI@GNIN W
    KAL^D]^A.
    D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ ND DLSGYTDKGEGDL^A @D]GKI@ W IKKGALD[ ND EDHASIEGDL^A DL D@
    ND[ISSA@@A ND VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ [DJØL SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ KAL^D]^A.

    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    SDKALAKDS
     S DKALAKDS @I GEVAS^ILKGI, LI^TSI@DXI W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @I KAETLGKIKGÛL MTEILI.
     EIL^DLDS @I I^DLKGÛL W D[KTKMI DL @A[ VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL.
    EIL^DLDS
     GL^DSVSD^IS
    GL^DSVSD^IS EDL[IHD[
    E DL[IHD[ W SDKAL[^S
    SDKAL[^STGS
    TGS D@ NG[KTS[A KAL [T[ VS
    VSAVGI[
    AVGI[ VI@ICSI[ EIL^
    EIL^DLGDLNA
    DLGDLNA D@
    [DL^GNA.
     IV@GKIS ^ÇKLGKI[ VISI @I KAETLGKIKGÛL RDSCI@ W LA RDSCI@
    IV@GKIS
     GL^DSVSD^IS [DÙI@D[, [GJLA[, [ÅECA@A[ D ÅKALA[ VSAVGA[ ND [T IK^GRGNIN @ICASI@.
    GL^DSVSD^IS
     T[IS D@ @Ç]GKA KAL VSDKG[GÛL W VSAVGDNIN DL @A[ VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL
    T[IS
     ASJILGXIS @I GLBASEIKGÛL.
    ASJILGXIS
     T^G@GXIS @I GLBASEIKGÛL [DJØL D@ VSAVÛ[G^A D[^IC@DKGNA.
    T^G@GXIS
     IVSAVGIS TL EÇ^ANA VISI @DDS KAEVSDL[GRI D GL^DSVSD^I^GRIEDL^D.
    IVSAVGIS
     D[^IC@DKDS IKTDSNA[ I VIS^GS ND @I NGRDS[GNIN ND KALKDV^A[ W AVGLGALD[.
    D[^IC@DKDS
     KANGBGKIS W NDKANGBGKIS EDL[IHD[.
    KANGBGKIS
     T^G@GXIS @I GLBASEIKGÛL [DJØL D@ VSAVÛ[G^A D[^IC@DKGNA.
    T^G@GXIS
     DEV@DIS D[^STK^TSI[ ^D]^TI@D[ DL @I KAETLGKIKGÛL ASI@ W D[KSG^I.
    DEV@DIS
     SDNIK^IS NGBDSDL^D[ ^GVA[ ND ^D]^A[ IV@GKILNA SDJ@I[ JSIEI^GKI@D[ W AS^AJSÉBGKI[.
    SDNIK^IS
     D
    D]VALDS
    ]VALDS DL BASEI ASI@ A D[KSG^I TL V@IL^DIEGDL^A T^ G@GXILNA @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ ND @I
    ISJTEDL^IKGÛL.
     [D@DKKGALIS D@ ^GVA ND ^D]^A KAL [T[ GL^DSD[D[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND KALAKGEGDL^A.
    [D@DKKGALIS
     KANGBGKIS W NDKANGBGKIS EDL[IHD[.
    KANGBGKIS
     SDI@GXIS VSAKD[A[ ND ISJTEDL^IKGÛL ND GNDI[, VSAVA[GKGÛL W V@IL^DIEGDL^A ND ^D[G[
    SDI@GXIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     KAETLGKIKGÛL8
    KAETLGKIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, T[A[, EDNGA[, KILI@D[, ^ÇKLGKI[, VSAKD[A[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    D[KDLISGA[, KAEVALDL^D[, BTLKGALD[, CISSDSI[, LGRD@D[.
     D]VSD[GÛL KASVASI@8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, JD[^A[, VA[^TSI[, DEAKGALD[, [DL^GEGDL^A[
    D]VSD[GÛL
     IK^A[
    IK^A[ ND MIC@I8 KALKDV^A, VDSKDVKGÛL, AC[DSRIKGÛL, D[KTKMI IK^ IK^GRI,
    GRI, KAETLGKIKGÛL RDSCI@ W
    LA RDSCI@.
     KAEVSDL[GÛL
    K AEVSDL[GÛL N D ^D]^A[8 KALKDV^A, ^ÇKLGKI[, VS AKD[A[, LGRD@ D[, KISIK^DS Å[^GKI[,
    GL^DSVSD^IKGÛL, D@DEDL^A[.
     SDNIKKGÛL ND ^D]^A[8 ^GVA[, T[A[, K@I[D[, VIS^D[, BASEI, KAL^DLGNA, GL^DLKGALI@GNIN, ^ÇKLGKI[,
    SDNIKKGÛL

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;6 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    EÇ^ANA[, KAMD[GÛL, KAMDSDLKGI, [GL^I]G[, AS^AJSIBÅI, [GJLA[ ND VTL^TIKGÛL, [DEÉL^GKI,


    VSGLKGVGA[ W KTI@GNIND[.
     @I ISJTEDL^IKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, VSAKD[A[, D@DEDL^A[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, @I VSDJTL^I, @I ^D[G[, D@
    @I
    ISJTEDL^A, @I KALK@T[GÛL, @I [ÅL^D[G[.
     @@I
     DI@ VSAVA[GKGÛL8
    D@ KALKDV^A,
    D[^G@A8 KALKDV^A, VSAKD[A[, D@DEDL^A[,
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, IV@GKIKGÛL. KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     K
    KISÉK^DS
    ISÉK^DS KALRDLKGALI@ W BTLKGÛL [AKGI@ ND @@A[A[ [GJLA[8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, SD@IKGALD[, T[A[,
    KISÉK^DS, GL^DSVSD^IKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KAL^D]^A, D@DEDL^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND @I [DEGÛ^GKI W
    [DEGA@AJÅI.
     VSAKD[A[ ND VDL[IEGDL^A8 KALKDV^A, ILÉ@G[G[, [ÅL^D[G[, VSAVA[GKGÛL, ISJTEDL^IKGÛL.
    VSAKD[A[
     KAL[T@^I
    KAL[T@^I W @DK^TSI8
    @ DK^TSI8 EÇ^ANA[, ^
    ^ÇKLGKI[
    ÇKLGKI[ [D@DKKGÛL, ASJILGXIKGÛL W ISKMGRA ND GLBASEIKGÛL DL
    NGRDS[I[ BTDL^D[, LGRD@D[, D[^SI^DJGI[.
     LASEI^GRGNIN8 LASEI[ GKAL^DK VISI @I D@ICASIKGÛL ND ^D]^A[ D[KSG^A[.
    LASEI^GRGNIN8

    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL


    SDKALAKD
     S DKALAKD @I GEVAS^ILKGI, LI^TSI@DXI W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @I KAETLGKIKGÛL MTEILI, [DJØL D@
    KAL^D]^A DL D@ YTD [D ND[ISSA@@I.
     D[KTKMI
    D[KTKMI KAL I^DLKGÛL W KALKDL^SIKGÛL, I[GDL^D W VSDJTL^I I@ MIC@IL^D-AWDL^D VISI
    SD^SAI@GEDL^IS D@ VSAKD[A.
     D[^IC@DKD IKTDSNA[
    D[^IC@DKD I VIS^GS ND @I NGRDS[GNIN ND KALKDV^A[ W AVGLGALD[.
     GL^DSVSD^I
    GL^DSVSD^I EDL[IHD[ W SDKAL[^STWD D@ NG[KTS[A KAL [T[ VSAVGI[ VI@ICSI[ EIL^DLGDLNA D@
    [DL^GNA.
     IV@GKI ^ÇKLGKI[ VISI @I KAETLGKIKGÛL RDSCI@ W LA RDSCI@ ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
    IV@GKI
    KAETLGKI^GRI[.
     GL^DSVSD^I [DÙI@D[, [GJLA[, [ÅECA@A[ D ÅKALA[ VSAVGA[ ND [T IK^GRGNIN @ICASI@.
    GL^DSVSD^I
     T[I D@ @Ç]GKA KAL VSDKG[GÛL W VSAV
    T[I VSAVGDNIN
    GDNIN DL @A[ VSAKD[A[ N
    ND
    D KAETLGKIKGÛL SD@IKGAL
    SD@IKGALINA[
    INA[ KAL
    D@ ÉSDI ND ND[DEVDÙA @ICASI@.
     JSÉBGKI @I GLBASEIKGÛL T^G@GXILNA GL[^STEDL^A[ JSÉBGKA[ [DEÉL^GKA[.
    JSÉBGKI
     T^G@GXI @I GLBASEIKGÛL [DJØL D@ VSAVÛ[G^A D[^IC@DKGNA.
    T^G@GXI
     KKANGBGKI
    ANGBGKI W NDKANGBGKI EDL[IHD[ T^G@GXILNA @A[ ÅKALA[, @A[ [ÅECA@A[, @I[ [DÙI@D[, V@ILA[,
    D[YTDEI[ W B@THAJSIEI[ [DJØL SDYTDSGEGDL^A.
     IVSAVGI TL EÇ^ANA VISI @DDS KAEVSDL[GRI D GL^DSVSD^I^GRIEDL^D.
    IVSAVGI
     T^G@GXI D@ @DLJTIHD [DJØL D@ ND[^GLI^ISGA, D@ VSAVÛ[G^A, D@ KAL^D]^A W D@ KAL^DLGNA.
    T^G@GXI
     IV@GKI
    IV@GKI ^ÇKLGKI[ VISI @I KAETLGKIKGÛ
    D[^IC@DKGNA[. KAETLGKIKGÛLL RDSCI@ W LA RDSCI@ [DJØL SDYTDSGEGDL^A[
     SDNIK^I ^D]^A[ KAL KAMD[GÛL W KAMDSDLKGI [GJTGDLNA VIT^I[ ND VSAJSD[GÛL ^DEÉ^GKI.
    SDNIK^I
     DEV@DI DL @I D@ICASIKGÛL ND ^D]^A[ @I[ D[^STK^TSI[ ^D]^TI@D[ CÉ[GKI[.
    DEV@DI
     VVSANTKD
    SANTKD ^D]^A[ D]V@GKI^GRA[, GL[^STK^GRA[, ND[KSGV^GRA[ A ISJTEDL^I^GRA[ [DJØL
    D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[.
     T^G@GXI @I[ SDJ@I[ JSIEI^GKI@D[ W @A[ [GJLA[ ND VTL^TIKGÛL [DJØL D@ ^D]^A KAETLGKI^GRA.
    T^G@GXI
     DEV@DI VISI @I VSANTKKGÛL ND ^D]^A[ LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
    DEV@DI
     GNDL^GBGKI @A[ NGBDSDL^D[ ^GVA[ ND ^D]^A[ ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I [T GL^DLKGALI@GNIN.
    GNDL^GBGKI
     [D@DKKGALI D@ ^GVA ND ^D]^A ND IKTDSNA KAL [T[ GL^DSD[D[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND KALAKGEGDL^A.
    [D@DKKGALI
     KANGBGKI W NDKANGBGKI EDL[IHD[
    KANGBGKI EDL[IHD[ T^G@GXILNA @A[ ÅKALA[, [ÅECA@A[, [DÙI@D[ DL D@ KAL^D]^A ND [T
    IK^GRGNIN @ICASI@ W [AKGI@.
     ISJTEDL^I ^D[G[ W D@ICASI VSAVA[GKGÛL VISI D@ V@IL^DIEGDL^A ND ^D[G[.
    ISJTEDL^I

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;9 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    BASEIKGÛL
     BASEIKGÛL DL KGDLKGI[ ND @I KAETLGKIKGÛL, VDSGANG[EA, @GLJÐÅ[^GKI, BG@A@AJÅI, @DLJTI[ K@É[GKI[
    A EANDSLI[, D[VIÙA@ W @G^DSI^TSI.
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NA[
     N A[ (3) IÙA ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@ DL D@ ÉSDI
     [DG[ (2) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI NAKDL^D
    [DG[

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
    NAEGLGA
     N @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    AEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Dhdrkdr ndrdkmas bulniedlti`ds nd` triciha dl d` eirka nd `i kalstgtukgûl pa`åtgki y `as kalvdlgas
    KAEVD^DLKGI gltdrlikgali`ds.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 396369469


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I DHDSKGKGA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    RI@ASIS @I GEVAS^ILKGI ND @I KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@ KAL CI[D DL D@ D[^TNGA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[
    MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA.
    SDKALAKDS D@ ^SICIHA KAEA TLA ND @A[ D@DEDL^A[ VSGEASNGI@D[ VISI @I EARG@GNIN [AKGI@ W @I
    ^SIL[BASEIKGÛL RG^I@.
    VIS^GKGVIS DL@I
    VTDC@A[ W ND IKKGALD[ [A@GNISGI[ ASGDL^INI[ I@ DHDSKGKGA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[, ND @A[
    LI^TSI@DXI.
    VSIK^GKIS @A[ NDSDKMA[ BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I KAL[^G^TKGÛL VA@Å^GKI

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;3 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    @A[ KALRDLGA[ GL^DSLIKGALI@D[.


    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    ILI@GXIS
     I LI@GXIS @I SD@IKGÛL DL^SD D@ ^SICIHA W D@ ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA
     GNDL^GBGKIS @I LI^TSI@DXI ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     SSD@IKGALIS,
    D@IKGALIS, DL D@ EISKA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA D@ ND[ISSA@@A [AKGI@, @I IT^ALAEÅI W @I
    NGJLGNIN
     N ND[ISSA@@IS
    D[ISSA@@IS NAKTEDL^A[ SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @A[ NDSDKMA[ W @I[ AC@GJIKGALD[ VA@Å^GKI[,
    VSD[^IKGALI@D[, [AKGI@D[, W ND CGDLD[^IS NDSGRINI[ ND @I[ IKKGALD[ @ICASI@D[.
     ISJTEDL^IS
    I SJTEDL^IS D@ DH DSKGKGA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA KAEA NDBDL[I ND @A[ EG[EA[ W
    D]VSD[GÛL ND @I KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@.
     NGEDL[GALIS D@ DHDSKGKGA ND@ NDSDKMA I @I MTD@JI.
    NGEDL[GALIS
     GGL^DJSIS
    L^DJSIS IKKGALD[ ND [A@GNISGNIN VISI @I NDBDL[I ND@ [DS MTEILA, @I LI^LI^TSI@DXI
    TSI@DXI W @A[
    RI@ASD[ ND @I KALRGRDLKGI [AKGI@ W KGTNINILÅI
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    9.VDS[ALI 9.VDS[ALI [AKGDNIN W ^SICIHA
    NGJLGNIN  NGJLGNIN MTEILI, NDEAKSIKGI, D@ ^SICIHA, HT[^GKGI W VIX.
     ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA GL^DJSI@.
    ND[ISSA@@A
     NGRDS[GNIN KT@^TSI@
    NGRDS[GNIN
     BDLAEDLA@AJÅI ND@ ETLNA ND@ ^SICIHA
    BDLAEDLA@AJÅI
    3.@DWD[
    3.@DWD[ BTLNIEDL^I@D[ W EILNI^A[ @DJI@D[
     VA@Å^GKI. NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W KAL[^G^TKGÛL VA@Å^GKI ND KA@AECGI.
    VA@Å^GKI.
     VSGLKGVGA[ W NDSDKMA[ ND @I AG^8 NDK@ISIKGÛL ND @I A.G.^.
    VSGLKGVGA[
     NDSDKMA I @I RGNI.
    NDSDKMA
     NDSDKMA[ VA@Å^GKA[ W KGRG@D[.
    NDSDKMA[
     ^SICIHA NGJLA W NDKDL^D8 NDBGLGKGÛL, ILÉ@G[G[ ND@ ^SICIHA BASXA[A T AC@GJI^ASGA.
    ^SICIHA
    ;.NDSDKMA[
    ;.NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA W KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@
     NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA W [T GEVIK^A DL D@ ND[ISSA@@A ND @I [AKGDNIN
    NDSDKMA[
     NGI@AJA [AKGI@
    NGI@AJA
     VDS[ALI [THD^A ND NDSDKMA[ W NDCDSD[ DL D@ KAL^D]^A ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[
    VDS[ALI
     N NDSDKMA[
    DSDKMA[ GLNGRGNTI@D[ W KA@DK^GRA[ ND@ ^SICIHA8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W KIEVA[ VISI D@
    ND[ISSA@@A ND@ NDSDKMA GLNGRGNTI@ W KA@DK^GRA DL D@ ETLNA ND@ ^SICIHA
     EDKILG[EA[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA.
    EDKILG[EA[
     ^SICIHA NDKDL^D8 GL^DJSIKGÛL ND VA@Å^GKI[
    ^SICIHA
     GJTI@NIN ND JÇLDSA8 DYTGNIN W CI@ILKD ND JÇLDSA
    GJTI@NIN
     ^SICIHA BASXINA W ^SICIHA GLBIL^G@
    ^SICIHA
     DLBAYTD NGBDSDLKGI@, RI@AS KGTNINILA VISI @I GLK@T[GÛL [AKGI@
    DLBAYTD
     NG[KSGEGLIKGÛL @ICASI@ DL KI[A[ ND DLBDSEDNIND[ ^DSEGLI@D[
    NG[KSGEGLIKGÛL
     SD[A@TKGÛL VIKÅBGKI ND @A[ KALB@GK^A[? LDJAKGIKGÛL KA@DK^GRI W MTD@JI
    SD[A@TKGÛL
     NDSDKMA[ VISI @I [A[^DLGCG@GNIN DEVSD[ISGI@8 DBGKGDLKGI, DBGKIKGI, DBDK^GRGNIN.
    NDSDKMA[
    >.DHDSKGKGA
    >.DHDSKGKGA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA.
     I IV@GKIKGÛL
    V@GKIKGÛL ND @A[ EDKILG[EA[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND@ ^SICIHA KIHI ND
    MDSSIEGDL^I[ @ICASI@D[8 [I@ISGA, VSD[^IKGALD[ [AKGI@D[, [DJTSGNIN [AKGI@ W KAL^SI^IKGÛL.
     [AKGDNIN ND@ AKGA8 SDKSDIKGÛL, NDVAS^D, IS^D KT@^TSI, RGNI BIEG@GIS.
    [AKGDNIN
     NDSDKMA[ W @GCDS^IND[ KGTNINILI[.
    NDSDKMA[
    4.NDSDKMA
    4.NDSDKMA I @I I[AKGIKGÛL, LASEI^GRGNIN LIKGALI@ D GL^DSLIKGALI@.
     RI@ASD[ NDEAKSÉ^GKA[ [ACSD D@ [GLNGKI@G[EA. LASEI^GRGNIN LIKGALI@ D GL^DSLIKGALI@
    RI@ASD[
     I[AKGIKGALD[ [GLNGKI@D[, @GCDS^IN [GLNGKI@ W NDSDKMA[ I[AKGINA[.
    I[AKGIKGALD[
     @GCDS^IN ND I[AKGIKGÛL W @GCDS^IN ND I[AKGIKGÛL W [GLNGKI@
    @GCDS^IN

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;; nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    NDSDKMA
     N DSDKMA ND LDJAKGIKGÛL KA@DK^GRI8, IJDL^D[, SDKALAKGEGDL^A ND @I I[AKGIKGÛL VISI SD[A@RDS
    VSAC@DEI[
    2.NDSDKMA[
    2.NDSDKMA[ ND [A@GNISGNIN A ND @A[ VTDC@A[
     SD@IKGÛL DL^SD D@ [DS MTEILA, @I LI^TSI@DXI W D@ V@ILD^I.
    SD@IKGÛL
    IT^AND^DSEGLIKGÛL
     I
     DT^AND^DSEGLIKGÛL
    D[^SI^DJGI[ ND @A[ VTDC@A[
    [^SI^DJGI[ ND ND[ISSA@@A W ND[ISSA@@A
    D GEVIK^A [A[^DLGC@D
    IECGDL^I@ DL KA@AECGI.W [DJTSGNIN I@GEDL^ISGI.
     VA[^KALB@GK^A W VIX
    VA[^KALB@GK^A
     IVSAVGIKGÛL ND@ IRILKD W T[A ND @I KGDLKGI W @I ^DKLA@AJÅI.
    IVSAVGIKGÛL
     D@ ND[ISSA@@A YTD VDSEG^I TLI RGNI NGJLI
    D@
     GNDL^GNIN LIKGALI@ W KT@^TSI@.
    GNDL^GNIN
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     KAEVISI
    KAEVISI @I[ KALNGKGALD[ ND@ ^SICIHA, DL D@ NDRDLGS MG[^ÛSGKA ND @I MTEILGNIN ND IKTDSNA
    KAL @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA.
     I ISJTEDL^I
    SJTEDL^I @A[ EAEDL^A[ SD@DRIL^D[ ND@ NDRDLGS MG[^ÛSGKA ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W
    BTLNIEDL^I@D[ ND@ ^SICIHA DL @I @ÅLDI ND@ ^GDEVA.
     ILI@GXI
    ILI@GXI ND EILDSI IT^ÛLAEI [G^TIKGALD[ YTD SDVDSKT^DL DL D@ ND[ISSA@@A ND @A[ VSAKD[A[
    [AKGI@D[ ND[ISSA@@ILNA MICG@GNIND[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL [DJØL ^ÇKLGKI[ W VSA^AKA@A[.
     [D@DKKGALI
    [ D@DKKGALI @A[ EDKILG[EA[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL VISI D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@
    IV@GKILNA @I LASEI^GRI.
     D D@ICASI
    @ICASI NAKTEDL^A[ SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I[ AC@GJIKGALD[ DKALÛEGKI[, [AKGI@D[, CGDLD[^IS
    NDSGRINI[ ND @I[ IKKGALD[ @ICASI@D[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I LASEI^GRI.
     DRI@ØI @A[ SD[T@^INA[ ND @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND @A[ EDKILG[EA[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL VISI D@ DHDSKGKGA ND
    DRI@ØI
    @I KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@ IKASND KAL @I LASEI^GRI.
     VSAVALD D[^SI^DJGI[ ND [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[ W LDJAKGIKGÛL ND IKTDSNA KAL @I LASEI^GRI.
    VSAVALD
     HT[^GBGKI @I GEVAS^ILKGI ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND @A[ VTDC@A[ W ND @I [A@GNISGNIN DL D@ DHDSKGKGA ND
    HT[^GBGKI
    @I KGTNINILÅI @ICASI@ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I LASEI^GRI.
     SD@IKGALI,
    SD@IKGALI, ND @A[ NDSDKMA[ ND @A[ VTDC@A[ W ND @I [A@GNISGNIN, @I IT^AND^DSEGLIKGÛL ND @A[
    VTDC@A[, D@ ND[ISSA@@A [A[^DLGC@D, @I [DJTSGNIN I@GEDL^ISGI, D@ NDSDKMA I@ T[A ND @I KGDLKGI
    W @I ^DKLA@AJÅI W @I VIX DL BTLKGÛL ND @A[ GLNGKINASD[ ND ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA.
     V
    VSAVALD
    SAVALD IKKGALD[ ND NDBDL[I SD@IKGALINI
    SD@IKGALINI[[ KAL @I IT^
    IT^AND^DSEGLIKGÛL
    AND^DSEGLIKGÛL ND @A[ VTDC@A[, D@
    ND[ISSA@@A [A[^DLGC@D, @I [DJTSGNIN I@GEDL^ISGI, D@ NDSDKMA I@ T[A ND @I KGDLKGI W @I
    ^DKLA@AJÅI W @I VIX DL BTLKGÛL ND @A[ GLNGKINASD[ ND@ ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA.

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    I@^DSLI^GRI 98
    KIV [DLI W D]VDS^GKGI DL D@ ÉSDI ^DEÉ^GKI NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA
    YTD GEVIS^GSÉ DL [T ND[DEVDÙA
    I@^DSLI^GRI 38
    ^ÇKLGKA W D]VDS^GKGI DL D@ ÉSDI ^DEÉ^GKI NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA
    YTD GEVIS^GSÉ DL [T ND[DEVDÙA
    I@^DSLI^GRI ;8
    ^ÇKLGKA VSABD[GALI@ W D]VDS^GKGI DL D@ ÉSDI ^DEÉ^GKI NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL
    D@ ^SICIHA YTD GEVIS^GSÉ DL [T ND[DEVDÙA
    I@^DSLI^GRI >8
    ^DKLÛ@AJA A KTI^SA IÙA[ ND BASEIKGÛL TLGRDS[G^ISGI, W D]VDS^GKGI DL D@ ÉSDI ^DEÉ^GKI
    NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA YTD GEVIS^GSÉ DL [T ND[DEVDÙA
    I@^DSLI^GRI
    VSABD[GALI@ 48 TLGRDS[G^ISGA W D]VDS^GKGI DL D@ ÉSDI ^DEÉ^GKI NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W
    BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA YTD GEVIS^GSÉ DL [T ND[DEVDÙA

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;> nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8


    I@^DSLI^GRI 98
    KTISDL^I W AKMA (>=)ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI? ND @A[ KTI@D[ KTISDL^I (>6) D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[
    KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA DL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    VSABD[GALI@ W (=) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI
    I@^DSLI^GRI 38
    ^SDGL^I W [DG[ (;2) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ RDGL^D W AKMA (3=) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA DL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA W AKMA (=)
    ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI
    I@^DSLI^GRI ;8
    ^SDGL^I(;6) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI ND @A[ KTI@D[ RDGL^D (36) D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@
    DHDSKGKGA DL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA W NGDX (96) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND
    NAKDLKGI
    I@^DSLI^GRI >8
    RDGL^GKTI^SA (3>) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA DL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA W [DG[ (2)
    ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI.
    I@^DSLI^GRI 48
    RDGL^GKTI^SA (3>) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA DL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W BTLNIEDL^I@D[ DL D@ ^SICIHA ACHD^A
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Dlrgqud @aw Eurtri-Gltdriktuir dl d` kaltdxta pranuktgva
    pranuktgva y sakgi` nd ikudrna kal prglkgpgas çtgkas
    KAEVD^DLKGI piri `i kalstrukkgûl nd uli ku`turi nd piz.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>6369432


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I GL^DSIK^TIS DL D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@ ND IKTDSNA KAL VSGLKGVGA[


    KAEVD^DLKGI Ç^GKA[ VISI @I KAL[^STKKGÛL ND TLI KT@^TSI ND VIX

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;4 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    VSAEARDS D@ T[A SIKGALI@ ND @A[ SDKTS[A[ LI^TSI@D[ I VIS^GS ND KSG^DSGA[ ND [A[^DLGCG@GNIN
    W [T[^DL^ICG@GNIN Ç^GKI W LASEI^GRI RGJDL^D
    KAL^SGCTGS KAL D@ BAS^I@DKGEGDL^A ND @I KT@^TSI ND VIX I VIS^GS ND @I NGJLGNIN MTEILI W @I[
    D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I ^SIL[BASEIKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[
    VSAEARDS EG NGJLGNIN W @I ND@ A^SA I VIS^GS ND @A[ VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ KAEA IVAS^D DL
    @I GL[^ITSIKGÛL ND TLI KT@^TSI ND VIX
    D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ ND KSDKGEGDL^A VDS[ALI@ W KAETLG^ISGA I VIS^GS ND@ CGDL KAEØL KAEA
    IVAS^D VISI D@ ND[ISSA@@A [AKGI@.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A

    SD[VD^IS
    D
    D[^IC@DKDS
     S [^IC@DKDS
    D[VD^IS I@KAETLGKIKGÛL
    A^SA KAL[^STK^GRI
     BGHIS D@ VSAWDK^A ND RGNI
    BGHIS
     SDK@IEIS NDSDKMA[ ND NGJLGNIN
    SDK@IEIS
     T[IS @I KGDLKGI W @I ^DKLA@AJÅI VISI EDHASIS EG KI@GNIN ND RGNI
    T[IS
     D]GJGS SDKALAKGEGDL^A DL BTLKGÛL ND EG VSD[DLKGI VSA^IJÛLGKI DL @I [AKGDNIN
    D]GJGS
     SDKALAKDS D@ RI@AS GL^SÅL[DKA ND KINI VDS[ALI
    SDKALAKDS
     EIL^DLDS D@ RI@AS ND EG NGJLGNIN
    EIL^DLDS
     EIL^DLDS D@ RI@AS ND @I NGJLGNIN ND@ A^SA
    EIL^DLDS
     SDKALAKDS @I IT^ALAEÅI VDS[ALI@
    SDKALAKDS
     SDKALAKDS @I IT^ALAEÅI ND@ A^SA
    SDKALAKDS
     SDKALAKDS EG[ NGBDSDLKGI[ D GJTI@NIND[ KAL D@ A^SA
    SDKALAKDS
     VSIK^GKIS KAL MDKMA[ D@ SD[VD^A KALEGJA EG[EA W KAL @A[ NDEÉ[.
    VSIK^GKIS
     IV@GKIS @I KIVIKGNIN ND D[KTKMI
    IV@GKIS
     SD[VD^IS @I AVGLGÛL ND@ A^SA
    SD[VD^IS
     KAL[GNDSIS @I[ GNDI[ ND@ A^SA
    KAL[GNDSIS
     GNDL^GBGKIS D[^G@A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     IV@GKIS D[^G@A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL
    IV@GKIS
     VSIK^GKIS KAL MDKMA[ D@ SD[VD^A I @A[ NDEÉ[
    VSIK^GKIS
     SD[VD^IS @I VSGRIKGNIN ND@ A^SA
    SD[VD^IS
     SD[VD^IS @I[ KSDDLKGI[
    SD[VD^IS
     SD[VD^IS @TJISD[ ND DLKTDL^SA KAETLG^ISGA
    SD[VD^IS
     KTGNIS @TJISD[ ND DLKTDL^SA KAETLG^ISGA
    KTGNIS
     VSIK^GKIS IK^A[ ND SD[VD^A
    VSIK^GKIS
     SD[VD^IS @I[ LASEI[ [AKGI@D[
    SD[VD^IS
     KALRGRGS DL KAETLGNIN
    KALRGRGS
     I[TEGS KAEVAS^IEGDL^A ND KT@^TSI KGTNINILI
    I[TEGS
     DHDSKDS SA@ VSA^IJÛLGKA DL D@ ND[ISSA@@A [AKGI@
    DHDSKDS
     BAS^I@DKDS KAEVD^DLKGI[ ND @GNDSIXJA
    BAS^I@DKDS
     VSAVALDS ^DEI[ VISI VSAWDK^A[ [AKGI@D[
    VSAVALDS
     ND[ISSA@@IS VSAWDK^A[ [AKGI@D[
    ND[ISSA@@IS
     ND[ISSA@@IS D@ [DL^GNA ND VDS^DLDLKGI
    ND[ISSA@@IS
     GL^DSVSD^IS @I ^DLNDLKGI[ ETLNGI@D[ DL KGDLKGI, ^DKLA@AJÅI W [AKGDNIN
    GL^DSVSD^IS

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;2 nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    VSD[DSRIS
     V SD[DSRIS @A[ SDKTS[A[ LI^TSI@D[
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL KAL[^STK^GRI
    D[^IC@DKDS
     GNDL^GBGKIS @A[ MDKMA[ ND RGA@DLKGI DL EG MG[^ASGI ND RGNI
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     SDKALAKDS @I GEVAS^ILKGI ND@ ND[ISSA@@A ND TLI KT@^TSI ND VIX
    SDKALAKDS
     GNDL^GBGKIS D[^SI^DJGI[ ND SDKALKG@GIKGÛL
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     IV@GKIS D[^SI^DJGI[ ND SDKALKG@GIKGÛL
    IV@GKIS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ KAL[^STK^GRI[ D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ SD[VD^TA[I[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     IVAS^IS DL D@ ND[ISSA@@A ND TLI KT@^TSI ND VIX
    IVAS^IS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     I[TEGS IK^G^TND[ KSÅ^GKI[ KAL[^STK^GRI[
    I[TEGS
     I[TEGS IK^G^TND[ KSÅ^GKI[ ISJTEDL^I^GRI[
    I[TEGS
     D[^IC@DKDS JD[^A[ ND [A@GNISGA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     JDLDSIS VSAKD[A[ ND KAL[^STKKGÛL ND VIX DL D@ LØK@DA BIEG@GIS
    JDLDSIS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[ I VIS^GS ND TLI KAETLGKIKGÛL I[DS^GRI
    D[^IC@DKDS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ ND ^A@DSILKGI
    D[^IC@DKDS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ ND [A@GNISGNIN
    D[^IC@DKDS
     I
    IV@GKIS
    V@GKIS LASEI^GRI RGJDL^D DL SD@IKGÛL KAL NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[ W NDSDKMA GL^DSLIKGALI@
    MTEILG^ISGA

    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS


    MAECSD8
     M AECSD8 KALKDV^A, [THD^A EASI@, [THD^A Ç^GKA
     LI^TSI@DXI MTEILI8 KALKDV^A
    LI^TSI@DXI
     NGJLGNIN MTEILI8 KALKDV^A
    NGJLGNIN
     IK^A[ MTEILA[8 KALKDV^A
    IK^A[
     IKKGALD[ MTEILI[8 KALKDV^A
    IKKGALD[
     @GCDS^IN8 KALKDV^A
    @GCDS^IN8
     @DW LI^TSI@8 KALKDV^A
    @DW
     @DW VA[G^GRI8 KALKDV^A, IV@GKIKGALD[
    @DW
     EASI@8 KALKDV^A
    EASI@8
    I]GA@AJÅI8 KALKDV^A, HDSISYTÅI ND RI@ASD[
     Ç^GKI8 KALKDV^A.
    Ç^GKI8
     Ç^GKI IV@GKINI8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
    Ç^GKI
     MAECSD8 KALKDV^A, [DS SD@IKGALI@.
    MAECSD8
     ^SICIHA8 KALKDV^A, [G[^DEI ND SD@IKGALD[.
    ^SICIHA8
     SD@IKGALD[ [AKGI@D[8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[.
    SD@IKGALD[
     SDKALKG@GIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, KALNGKGALD[.
    SDKALKG@GIKGÛL8
     ^
    ^SICIHA SICIHA DL DYTGVA8 KAL^D]^TI@GXIKGÛL, I@KILKD, ^ÇKLGKI[, BTLNIEDL^A[ W RDL^IHI[
     SD[A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[8 KAL^D]^TI@GXIKGÛL, ND[^SDXI[, ^ÇKLGKI[ W ^DASÅI[.
    SD[A@TKGÛL
     KAETLGKIKGÛL I[DS^GRI8 KAL^D]^TI@GXIKGÛL, D[^SI^DJGI[, BTLNIEDL^A[, ^GVA[ W ^ÇKLGKI[.
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     @GNDSIXJA8 KALKDV^A, ^DLNDLKGI[ W JDLDSI@GNIND[.
    @GNDSIXJA8
     GL^D@GJDLKGI DEAKGALI@8 KALKDV^A, I@KILKD W ^ÇKLGKI[.
    GL^D@GJDLKGI
     KAIKMGLJ8 KALKDV^A, I@KILKD W ^ÇKLGKI[ CÉ[GKI[.
    KAIKMGLJ8
     VSAJSIEIKGÛL LDTSA@GLJÐÅ[^GKI8 KALKDV^A, I@KILKD, ^ÇKLGKI[ CÉ[GKI[.
    VSAJSIEIKGÛL
     ^AEI ND NDKG[GALD[8 KALKDV^A, EAND@A[, D[^SI^ÇJGKI[ W ILÉ@G[G[ D[^SI^ÇJGKA W I@KILKD
    ^AEI
     SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[8 KALKDV^A W I@KILKD
    SD@IKGALD[
     KAL^D]^A ND@ KALB@GK^A8 KALKDV^A, KAL^D]^A [AKGI@ W VA@Å^GKA, KALB@GK^A ISEINA.
    KAL^D]^A
     VIX8 KALKDV^A
    VIX8
     RGA@DLKGI8 KALKDV^A
    RGA@DLKGI8
     KALB@GK^A8 KALKDV^A, MG^A[ ND @I MG[^ASGI
    KALB@GK^A8
     SD[VD^A8 KALKDV^A
    SD[VD^A8
     BIEG@GI8 KALKDV^A
    BIEG@GI8
     NGÉ@AJA8 KALKDV^A
    NGÉ@AJA8

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;: nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    KALKDS^IKGÛL8
     K ALKDS^IKGÛL8 KALKDV^A
     HT[^GKGI8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[
    HT[^GKGI8
     DYTGNIN8 KALKDV^A, IV@GKIKGALD[
    DYTGNIN8
     JACGDSLA8 KALKDV^A, BASEI[
    JACGDSLA8
     [AKGDNIN8 KALKDV^A
    [AKGDNIN8
     D[^INA8 KALKDV^A
    D[^INA8
     VIÅ[8 KALKDV^A
    VIÅ[8
     KAL[^G^TKGÛL8 KALKDV^A
    KAL[^G^TKGÛL8
     JACDSLI@GNIN8 KALKDV^A
    JACDSLI@GNIN8
     NDEAKSIKGI8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[
    NDEAKSIKGI8
     KALRGRDLKGI8 KALKDV^A
    KALRGRDLKGI8
     @GCDS^IN8 KALKDV^A
    @GCDS^IN8
     KSG^GKGNIN8 KALKDV^A
    KSG^GKGNIN8
     LDJAKGIKGÛL BSDL^D I@ KALB@GK^A
    LDJAKGIKGÛL
     SDVISIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A
    SDVISIKGÛL8
     SDGL^DJSIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, ST^I
    SDGL^DJSIKGÛL8
     NDSDKMA[ MTEILA[8 KALKDV^A, LASEI^GRI RGJDL^D
    NDSDKMA[
     NDSDKMA GL^DSLIKGALI@ MTEILG^ISGA8 KALKDV^A, LASEI^GRI RGJDL^D
    NDSDKMA
     IT^AD[^GEI, IT^ALAEÅI, IT^AKAL^SA@, IT^AKTGNINA
    IT^AD[^GEI,
    KAETLGKIKGÛL8
     K
     MAETLGKIKGÛL8
    MICG@GNIND[ IKKGÛL
    ICG@GNIND[ VISI GL[^STEDL^I@,
    @I RGNI W VISI @I IKKGÛL D[^SI^ÇJGKI
    KALRGRDLKG
    KALRGRDLKGI8 W IKKGÛL KAETLGKI^GRI.
    I8 IT^AKALAKGEGD
    IT^AKALAKGEGDL^A,
    L^A, DEVI^ÅI, KAETLGKIKGÛL
    I[DS^GRI, SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[, ^AEI ND NDKG[GALD[, [A@TKGÛL ND VSAC@DEI[ W ND
    KALB@GK^A[, VDL[IEGDL^A KSDI^GRA, VDL[IEGDL^A KSÅ^GKA, EILDHA ND DEAKGALD[ W [DL^GEGDL^A[,
    EILDHA ND ^DL[GALD[ W D[^SÇ[.
     VIS^GKGVIKGÛL
    VIS^GKGVIKGÛL KGTNINILI8 KALKDV^A, EDKILG[EA[ D GL[^ILKGI[ ND VIS^GKGVIKGÛL KGTNINILI, CGDL
    KAEØL, I@^DSGNIN W JÇLDSA, VSAKD[A ND [AKGICG@GNIN MTEILI, SDVSD[DL^IKGALD[ [AKGI@D[ A
    GEIJGLISGA[ KT@^TSI@D[, KT@^TSI[ DEDSJDL^D[, SA@D[ [AKGI@D[.
     SD[VAL[ICG@GNIN [AKGI@8 KALKDV^A, D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI JDLDSIS TLI KT@^TSI ND SD[VAL[ICG@GNIN
    SD[VAL[ICG@GNIN
    [AKGI@.
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     NDBGLD
    NDBGLD [T VSAWDK^A ND RGNI ND IKTDSNA I @A[ KSG^DSGA[ ND NGJLGNIN, ND SD[VD^A, KSDDLKGI[,
    DKA@AJÅI W KT@^TSI.
     SSDKALAKD
    DKALAKD [T RI@AS W D@ RI@AS ND@ A^SA ND IKTDSNA I @ A[ VSGLKGVGA[ ND NGJLGNIN W
    KAL[^STKKGÛL KT@^TSI@ W IT^ALAEÅI
     NNDBGLD
    DBGLD [T VSAWDK^A ND RGNI KAL CI[D DL KSG^DSGA[ I]GA@ÛJGKA[ W KT@^TSI@D[ W MÉCG^A[ ND
    KALRGRDLKGI
     T T^G@GXI
    ^G@GXI MDSSIEGDL^I[ YTD VDSEG^DL @I KAETLGKIKGÛL I[DS^GRI DL NGBDSDL^D[ DL^ASLA[
    ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I @I VDNIJAJÅI VISI @I VIX
     KAL[^STWD SD@IKGALD[ GL^DSVDS[AL
    KAL[^STWD GL^DSVDS[ALI@D[
    I@D[ I VI
    VIS^GS
    S^GS N
    ND@
    D@ DLBA
    DLBAYTD
    YTD N
    NGBDSDLKGI@
    GBDSDLKGI@ W @I VSAEAKGÛL ND
    TLI KT@^TSI ND VIX
     KKIECGI
    IECGI IK
    IK^G^TND[
    ^G^TND[ BSDL^D I [T K
    KAEVAS^IEGDL^A
    AEVAS^IEGDL^A KAL CI[D DL @I N NGJLGNIN,
    GJLGNIN, IVAS^ILNA I @I
    KT@^TSI ND VIX
     SDKALAKD MG^A[ MG[^ÛSGKA[ ND RGA@DLKGI W VIX KAEA IVAS^D I @I KAL[^STKKGÛL ND TLI KT@^TSI
    SDKALAKD
    ND VIX
     EANGBGKI IK^G^TND[ KAEVAS^IEDL^I@D[ I VIS^GS ND @I SD[A@TKGÛL VIKÅBGKI ND KALB@GK^A[
    EANGBGKI
     IIV@GKI
    V@GKI IKKGALD[ ND VSDRDLKGÛL ND IKKGALD[ RGA@DL^I[ KAL CI[D DL D[^SI^DJGI[ ND
    KAETLGKIKGÛL I[DS^GRI
     D
    DRGNDLKGI
    RGNDLKGI SD[VD^A VAS D@ CGDL KAEØL, @I I@^DSGNIN W D@ NGÉ@AJA KAL D@ A^SA KAL CI[D DL
    VSGLKGVGA[ I]GA@ÛJGKA[

    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;= nd   2:


     

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    AVKGÛL
     A VKGÛL 98 VSABD[GALI@ DL KISSDSI[ ND BASEIKGÛL SD@IKGALINI[ KAL BG@A[ABÅI, A IL^SAVA@AJÅI,
    A V[GKA@AJÅI, A ^SICIHA [AKGI@, A [AKGA@AJÅI A IBGLD[.
     A
    AVKGÛL
    VKGÛL 38 VSAB
    VSABD[GALI@
    D[GALI@ KAL D[^
    D[^TNGA[
    TNGA[ SD@IKGALINA[ DL Ç^GKI, A CGAÇ^GKI, A NDA
    NDAL^A@AJÅI
    L^A@AJÅI A
    MTEILG[EA
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    RDGL^GKTI^SA (3>) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ W
    [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI W/A ^SICIHA KAETLG^ISGA.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     VSÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
    @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     K AETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND JDLDSIS MÉCG^A[ [I@TNIC@D[ ND RGNI EDNGIL^D @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND VSAJSIEI[ ND
    KAEVD^DLKGI IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI DL @A[ KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA[ W [AKGI@D[.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI


    KAEVD^DLKGI ND 3;696946:
    @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I GEV@DEDL^IS MÉCG^A[ [I@TNIC@D[ EDNGIL^D @I IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI, ND


    KAEVD^DLKGI KALBASEGNIN KAL @I[ D]GJDLKGI[ ND@ VDSBG@ GNÛLDA ND DJSD[A

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    DHDKT^IS IK^GRGNIND[ ND IKALNGKGALIEGDL^A BÅ[GKA ASGDL^INI[ MIKGI D@ EDHASIEGDL^A ND @I
    KALNGKGÛL BÅ[GKI DL @A[ KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.
    VSIK^GKIS MÉCG^A[ [I@TNIC@D[ EDNGIL^D @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND BTLNIEDL^A[ ND LT^SGKGÛL D MGJGDLD.
    ND[ISSA@@IS MICG@GNIND[ V[GKAEA^SGKD[ DL D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli ;7 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    GEV@DEDL^IS TL V@IL ND DSJALAEÅI W VIT[I[ IK^GRI[ [DJØL @I[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @I BTLKGÛL


    VSANTK^GRI.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[

    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A


     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @A[ KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND ILI^AEÅI W BG[GA@AJÅI.
     IV@GKI @A[ KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND @I EGA@AJÅI MTEILI KAL CI[D DL D@ ILÉ@G[G[ ND@ EARGEGDL^A.
    IV@GKI
     GL^DSVSD^I
    G L^DSVSD^I @A[ BTLNIEDL^A[ ND D[^G@A ND RGNI [I@TNIC@D, MGJGDLD W LT^SGKGÛL DL @A[
    KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.
     INEGLG[^SI TL V@IL ND MGJGDLD KASVASI@ NDL^SA ND@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA.
    INEGLG[^SI
     DHDKT^I ST^GLI[ ND DHDSKGKGA BÅ[GKA [DJØL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND @A[ KAL^D]^A[ @ICASI@ W [AKGI@.
    DHDKT^I
     D[^IC@DKD
    D[^IC@DKD VIT[I[ ND N D IKTDSNA KAL KISJI[ ND ^SICIHA W ^GDE
    ^GDEVA[
    VA[ ND IK^GRGNIN B
    BÅ[GKI
    Å[GKI VISI TLI
    SDKTVDSIKGÛL INDKTINI.
     GNDL^GBGKI @I[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND KAASNGLIKGÛL EA^SGX SD@IKGALINI[ KAL [T VDSBG@ AKTVIKGALI@.
    GNDL^GBGKI
     [D@DKKGALI
    [D@DKKGALI ^ÇKLGKI[
    ^ÇKLG KI[ YTD @D VDSEG^
    VDSEG^DL
    DL VA^DLKGIS [T KIVIKG
    KIVIKGNIN
    NIN ND SDIKKGÛL EDL^
    EDL^I@ I@ W EDHASIS
    [T[ ND[^SDXI[ EA^ASI[ [DJØL @I LI^TSI@DXI ND [T DL^ASLA @ICASI@.
     IV@GKI KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND DSJALAEÅI W VIT[I[ IK^GRI[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I LI^TSI@DXI ND @I
    IV@GKI
    BTLKGÛL VSANTK^GRI.
     N NG[KSGEGLI
    G[KSGEGLI DHDSKGKGA[ D[VDKÅBGKA[ VISI @I VSDRDLKGÛL ND SGD[JA[ DSJALÛEGKA[ [DJØL [T
    IK^GRGNIN @ICASI@.
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    BTLNIEDL^A[
     B TLNIEDL^A[ ND ILI^AEÅI W BG[GA@AJÅI
     K
    KALKDV^A[,
    ALKDV^A[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W D[^G@A[ ND RGNI [I@TNIC@D
     KALKDV^A[ ND MGJGDLD W [T IV@GKICG@GNIN
    KALKDV^A[
     K
    KALKDV^A[
    ALKDV^A[ ND LT^SGKGÛL, CI[D[ BTLNIEDL^I@D[ W V@ILD[ LT^SGKGALI@D[ [DJØL IK^GRGNIN
    @ICASI@.
     BTLNIEDL^A[ ND EGA@AJÅI W ILÉ@G[G[ ND@ EARGEGDL^A
    BTLNIEDL^A[
     NDBGLGKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, KAEVALDL^D[ W RDL^IHI[ ND @I IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI
    NDBGLGKGÛL,
     NDBGLGKGÛL, K@I[D[, KALNGKGÛL, ^GDEVA[ ND IV@GKIKGÛL, CDLDBGKGA[ ND@ DHDSKGKGA BÅ[GKA
    NDBGLGKGÛL,
     KALKDV^TI@GXIKGÛL W T[A ND @I BGKMI IL^SAVAEÇ^SGKI
    KALKDV^TI@GXIKGÛL
     KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @I BSDKTDLKGI KISNGIKI
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
     NDBGLGKGÛL, K@I[D[ W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @A[ ^D[^ BÅ[GKA I^@Ç^GKA[.
    NDBGLGKGÛL,
    NDBGLGKGÛL
     N DBGLGKGÛL WND
     IV@GKIKGÛL
    IV@GKIKGÛL KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND@ IKALNGKGALIEGDL^A
    [DSGD[, SDVD^GKGALD[ BÅ[GKA
    W KISJI[ ND ^SICIHA DL D@ DHDSKGKGA BÅ[GKA
     NDBGLGKGÛL W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND @I ND[^SDXI EA^ASI
    NDBGLGKGÛL
     KALKDV^TI@GXIKGÛL W KALNGKGALIL^D[ ND @I V[GKAEA^SGKGNIN
    KALKDV^TI@GXIKGÛL
     NDBGLGKGÛL ND EA^SGKGNIN W [T K@I[GBGKIKGÛL, CDLDBGKGA[.
    NDBGLGKGÛL
     IV@GKICG@GNIN ND @I DSJALAEÅI W @I IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI
    IV@GKICG@GNIN
     VA[^TSI[, K@I[GBGKIKGÛL, EILDHA ND KISJI[ W V@ILD[ VA[^TSI@D[
    VA[^TSI[,
     SDMICG@G^IKGÛL W V@IL ND ^SICIHA
    SDMICG@G^IKGÛL
     VIT[I[ IK^GRI[, KALKDV^A[ W VSÉK^GKI[
    VIT[I[
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @A[ KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND ILI^AEÅI W BG[GA@AJÅI.
     IV@GKI @A[ KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND @I EGA@AJÅI MTEILI KAL CI[D DL D@ ILÉ@G[G[ ND@ EARGEGDL^A.
    IV@GKI
     GL^DSVSD^I
    G L^DSVSD^I @A[ BTLNIEDL^A[ ND D[^G@A ND RGNI [I@TNIC@D, MGJGDLD W LT^SGKGÛL DL @A[
    KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@.
     INEGLG[^SI TL V@IL ND MGJGDLD KASVASI@ NDL^SA ND@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA.
    INEGLG[^SI
     DHDKT^I ST^GLI[ ND DHDSKGKGA BÅ[GKA [DJØL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND @A[ KAL^D]^A[ @ICASI@ W [AKGI@.
    DHDKT^I
     D[^IC@DKD VIT[I[ ND IKTDSNA KAL KISJI[ ND ^SICIHA W ^GDEVA[ ND IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI VISI TLI
    D[^IC@DKD
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >6 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    SDKTVDSIKGÛL INDKTINI.
     GNDL^GBGKI @I[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND KAASNGLIKGÛL EA^SGX SD@IKGALINI[ KAL [T VDSBG@ AKTVIKGALI@.
    GNDL^GBGKI
     [D@DKKGALI
    [D@DKKGALI ^ÇKLGKI[
    ^ÇKLG KI[ YTD @D VDSEG^
    VDSEG^DL
    DL VA^DLKGIS [T KIVIKG
    KIVIKGNIN
    NIN ND SDIKKGÛL EDL^
    EDL^I@
    I@ W EDHASIS
    [T[ ND[^SDXI[ EA^ASI[ [DJØL @I LI^TSI@DXI ND [T DL^ASLA @ICASI@.
     IV@GKI KALKDV^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND DSJALAEÅI W VIT[I[ IK^GRI[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I LI^TSI@DXI ND @I
    IV@GKI
    BTLKGÛL VSANTK^GRI.
     N
    NG[KSGEGLI
    G[KSGEGLI DHDSKGKGA[ D[VDKÅBGKA[ VISI @I VSDRDLKGÛL ND SGD[JA[ DSJALÛEGKA[ [DJØL [T
    IK^GRGNIN @ICASI@.
     D[^STK^TSI TL V@IL ND DSJALAEÅI W VIT[I[ IK^GRI[ [DJØL KAL^D]^A @ICASI@
    D[^STK^TSI
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
     @@GKDLKGINA
    GKDLKGINA DL DNTKIKGÛL BÅ[GKI
     VSABD[GALI@ DL KGDLKGI[ ND@ NDVAS^D.
    VSABD[GALI@
     ^DKLÛ@AJA
    ^DKLÛ@AJA DL IK^GRGNIN BÅ[GKI A DL^SDLIEGDL
    DL^SDLIEGDL^A
    ^A NDVAS^GRA KAL D[VDKGI@GXIK
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL
    GÛL ^
    ^DKLA@ÛJGKI
    DKLA@ÛJGKI
    SD@IKGALINI KAL D@ ÉSDI ND KALAKGEGDL^A.
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    EÅLGEA
     E ÅLGEA 93 ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@ DL D@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND@ ND[DEVDÙA.
     D]VDSGDLKGI NAKDL^D EÅLGEA ND 93 ED[D[
    D]VDSGDLKGI

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Jdstgalir prakdsas prapgas nd `i ku`turi deprdlndnari y deprdsirgi` nd ikudrna kal d` pdrbg`
    KAEVD^DLKGI pdrsali` y `as rdqudrgegdltas nd `as kaltdxtas pranuktgva y sakgi`.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>6369437


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I DEV@DIS D@DEDL^A[ ND KT@^TSI DEVSDLNDNASI W DEVSD[ISGI@ ND


    KAEVD^DLKGI IKTDSNA KAL @A[ KAL^D]^A[ VSANTK^GRA[, [AKGI@ W VDS[ALI@
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >9 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    RI@ASIS @I VSAVTD[^I ND LDJAKGA KALBASED KAL [T D[^STK^TSI W LDKD[GNIND[ ND@
    [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@
    GL^DJSIS D@DEDL^A[ ND @I KT@^TSI DEVSDLNDNASI ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I D@ VDSBG@ VDS[ALI@ W D@
    KAL^D]^A ND ND[ISSA@@A [AKGI@
    KISIK^DSGXIS @I GNDI ND LDJAKGA ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I @I[ AVAS^TLGNIND[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND@
    [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA W [AKGI@
    D[^STK^TSIS D@ V@IL ND LDJAKGA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ DEVSD[ISGI@D[ W
    ^DLNDLKGI[ ND EDSKINA
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A

     GGNDL^GBGKIS
     SNDL^GBGKIS
    SDKALAKDS DKALAKDS @A[ D@DEDL^A[
    KI[A[ ND Ç]G^AND @I KT@^TSI DEVSDLNDNASI
    DEVSD[ISGI@
     ND^DSEGLIS D@DEDL^A[ VDS[ALI@D[ DL @I KT@^TSI DEVSDLNDNASI
    ND^DSEGLIS
     ILI@GXIS D@ [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA ND GLB@TDLKGI
    ILI@GXIS
     KAL[T@^IS BTDL^D[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL VSGEISGI[ W [DKTLNISGI[
    KAL[T@^IS
     SDKA@DK^IS GLBASEIKGÛL ND BASEI D[^INÅ[^GKI
    SDKA@DK^IS
     D[^IC@DKDS AVAS^TLGNIND[ ND LDJAKGA
    D[^IC@DKDS
     D[^IC@DKDS [A@TKGALD[ I VSAC@DEI[ A LDKD[GNIND[ V@IL^DINI[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     GNDL^GBGKIS LDKD[GNIND[ DEVSD[ISGI@D[ ND@ [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA ND GLB@TDLKGI
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     SDKALAKDS @I[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND@ VDSBG@ DEVSDLNDNAS
    SDKALAKDS
     ILI@GXIS D@ EDSKINA VA^DLKGI@
    ILI@GXIS
     DEV@DIS ^ÇKLGKI[ ND EDSKINDA
    DEV@DIS
     GNDL^GBGKIS D[^STK^TSI[ ASJILGXIKGALI@D[
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     NDBGLGS @I LI^TSI@DXI ND @I[ ASJILGXIKGALD[ DEVSD[ISGI@D[
    NDBGLGS
     SDKALAKDS D[^STK^TSI[ AVDSIKGALI@D[
    SDKALAKDS
    KAL[^STGS
     K AL[^STGS VSAVTD[^I[
    D[^IC@DKDS
    D[^IC@DKDS DEVSD[ISGI@D[
    VSGLKGVGA[ ND JD[^GÛL DEVSD[ISGI@
     ND[ISSA@@IS MICG@GNIND[ ND JD[^GÛL DEVSD[ISGI@
    ND[ISSA@@IS
     ND^DSEGLIS D[^SI^DJGI[ ND EDSKINDA
    ND^DSEGLIS
     KAL[^STGS GNDI[ ND LDJAKGA
    KAL[^STGS
     DEV@DIS D@DEDL^A[ ND @I V@ILDIKGÛL D[^SI^ÇJGKI
    DEV@DIS
     ICASNIS @A[ KAL^D]^A[ ND GLB@TDLKGI ND @I GNDI ND LDJAKGA
    ICASNIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     D EVSDLNGEGDL^A, KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, MICG@GNIND[, ^GVA[, VDSBG @ DEVSDLNDNAS,
    SD[VAL[ICG@GNIN,
    SD[VAL[ICG @GNIN, KAETLGKIKGÛL I[DS^GRI, IT^AJD[^GÛL, IT^ALAEÅI, VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[.
     GNDIKGÛL, KALKDV^A, ED^ANA@AJÅI[, ^ÇKLGKI[ W MDSSIEGDL^I[.
    GNDIKGÛL,
     VSAC@DEI, KALKDV^A[, D[^STK^TSI ND VSAC@DEI, I@^DSLI^GRI[ KSDI^GRI[ ND [A@TKGÛL.
    VSAC@DEI,
     GNDI[ W AVAS^TLGNIND[ ND LDJAKGA, EAND@IHD ND GNDI[,
    GNDI[
     RI@GNIKGÛL ^DEVSILI ND EDSKINA[, GLLARIKGÛL, KSDI^GRGNIN, VSAKD[A KSDI^GRA.
    RI@GNIKGÛL
     D
    DEVSD[I,
    EVSD[I, KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, D[^STK^TSI, ^GVA@AJÅI, ÉSDI[ B TLKGALI@D[,
    BASEI@GXIKGÛL
     EDSKINA[, KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, D[^STK^TSI, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ VSANTK^GRGNIN, KAEVD^G^GRGNIN.
    EDSKINA[,
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >3 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ^ÇKLGKA[, ^DKLA@ÛJGKA[ W MTEILA[.


     D[^STK^TSI ASJILGXIKGALI@, KALKDV^A, ^GVA@AJÅI, D[^STK^TSI ASJÉLGKI.
    D[^STK^TSI
     V@ILDIKGÛL D[^SI^ÇJGKI.
    V@ILDIKGÛL
     BGLILXI[, KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, D[^STK^TSI CÉ[GKI, ^DLNDLKGI W VSA[VDK^GRI.
    BGLILXI[,
     J
    JD[^GÛL
    D[^GÛL DEVSD[ISGI@, KALKDV^A, MICG@GNIND[, ND[^SDXI[, LGRD@D[, D[^STK^TSI, KAL^SA@ W
    DRI@TIKGÛL.
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     I IV@GKI
    V@GKI IKKGALD[ ND DEVSDLNGEGDL^A ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ D@DEDL^A[ ND ND[ISSA@@A [AKGI@ W
    VDS[ALI@
     V@IL^DI
    V@IL^DI GNDI[ ND LDJAKGA I VIS^GS ND AVAS^TLGNIND[ W LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ EDSKINA KALBASED
    KAL D@ ILÉ@G[G[ [DK^ASGI@
     D[^STK^TSI
    D[^STK^TSI TL VDSBG@
    VDSBG @ ND DEVSDLNDNAS ^DLGDL
    ^DLGDLNA
    NA DL KTDL^I @I[ MICG
    MICG@GNIND[
    @GNIND[ W VSGLKGVGA[ ND @I
    JD[^GÛL DEVSD[ISGI@
     GL^DJSI D@DEDL^A[ CÉ[GKA[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND[KSGV^GRI[ ND@
    GL^DJSI
    V@IL ND LDJAKGA
     ND^DSEGLI JSTVA[ BAKI@D[ ND EDSKINA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I GNDI ND LDJAKGA
    ND^DSEGLI
     KAL[^STWD VSAVTD[^I[ DEVSD[ISGI@D[ W ND LDJAKGA ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I @I[ LDKD[GNIND[
    KAL[^STWD
    W [DJEDL^IKGÛL ND@ EDSKINA
     N
    ND^DSEGLI
    D^DSEGLI D@ GEVIK^A ND@ V@IL ND LDJAKGA KALBASED KAL @I[ I^SGCTKGALD[ W NGLÉEGKI[ ND@
    [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA
     ISJTEDL^I
    I SJTEDL^I @I GNDI ND LDJAKGA KALBASED KAL @I VSAVTD[^I W LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ [DK^AS
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@
     V SABD[GALI@ DL KGDLKGI[ DKALÛEGKI[ A IBGLD[
     VSABD[GALI@ DL INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DEVSD[I[ A IBGLD[
    VSABD[GALI@
     VSABD[GALI@ DL EDSKINDA A IBGLD[
    VSABD[GALI@
     VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI GLNT[^SGI@ A IBGLD[
    VSABD[GALI@
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
     R
    RDGL^GKTI^SA
    DGL^GKTI^SA (3> ) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NGDKGAKMA (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ W
    NAKD (93) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >; nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND GEV@DEDL^IS SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI @AKI@ [DJØL D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ NG[DÙA W
    KAEVD^DLKGI D[^ÉLNISD[ ^ÇKLGKA[.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 33646996:


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @I SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI @AKI@.


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ 72 maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL

    RDSGBGKIS @I ^SIL[EG[GÛL
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ^ÇKLGKA[NDD[^IC@DKGNA[.
    NI^A[ DL @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI GLI@ÉECSGKI CIHA KSG^DSGA[ W
    KALBGJTSIS @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[, IKASND KAL @I ISYTG^DK^TSI D[^IC@DKGNI,
    ^ÇKLGKI[ W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[.
    RI@GNIS YTD @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND KDS^GBGKIKGÛL KTEV@IL KAL D[^ÉLNISD[ W LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
    V@ILGBGKIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[ DL @I SDN ND NI^A[ ND IKTDSNA
    KAL D[VDKGBGKIKGALD[ ND@ NG[DÙA W LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
     GGL[VDKKGALIS
    L[VDKKGALIS @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI BÅ[GKI.
     V@ILDIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
    V@ILDIS
     [D@DKKGALIS @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[ W EI^DSGI@D[ ND GL[^I@IKGÛL.
    [D@DKKGALIS
     NG[VALDS DYTGVA[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
    NG[VALDS
     GGL[^I@IS
     KL[^I@IS
    KALBGJTSIS @A[@A[
    ALBGJTSIS KAEVALDL^D[
    KAEVALDL^D[GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
    GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
     K
    KALBGJTSIS
    ALBGJTSIS VISÉED^SA[ ND GL^DJSIKGÛL KAL @I SDN KIC@DINI.
     IV@GKIS VISÉED^SA[ W VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL @I SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI.
    IV@GKIS
     SDI@GXIS @I NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND @I SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI.
    SDI@GXIS
     KAEVSACIS KILI@D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL GLI@ÉECSGKI.
    KAEVSACIS
     RDSGBGKIS VISÉED^SA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL ND KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
    RDSGBGKIS
     KAEVSACIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
    KAEVSACIS
     RI@GNIS @I ^SIL[EG[GÛL ND NI^A[ [ACSD GLBSID[^STK^TSI[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[.
    RI@GNIS
     RI@GNIS VISÉED^SA[ ND KI@GNIN, RD@AKGNIN ND ^SIL[EG[GÛL W ILKMA ND CILNI
    RI@GNIS
     RI@GNIS D@ T[A ND KILI@D[ W BSDKTDLKGI[ ND ^SIL[EG[GÛL.
    RI@GNIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    SDND[
     SDND[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[8 KALKDV^A. ^GVA[. ^AVA@AJÅI[, IL^DLI[. EDNGA[ ND ^SIL[EG[GÛL. TLGNIND[ ND
    BSDKTDLKGI. ALNI[ D@DK^SAEIJLÇ^GKI[. SINGA VSAVIJIKGÛL (SDB@D]GÛL, NGBSIKKGÛL, SDBSIKKGÛL
    W NG[VDS[GÛL).
     [DÙI@D[ ^DKLA@AJÅI[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[ (C@TD^AA^M, ;J, ZGBG, ZGEI], TZC, A^SI[).
    [DÙI@D[
     KAEVALDL^D[
    KAEVALDL^D[ ND GLBSID[^STK^TSI
    GLB SID[^STK^TSI GLI@
    GLI@ÉECSGKI8
    ÉECSGKI8 ^DSEGLI
    ^DSEGLI@D[
    @D[ KAL LGK GLI@ÉECSGKI,
    GLI@ÉECSGK I, NG[VA[G^GRA[
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >> nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    GLBSID[^STK^TSI.
     DDYTGVA[
    YTGVA[ ND KALDK^GRGNIN (VI[GRA[ W IK^GRA[)8 KALKDV^A. K@I[GBGKIKGÛL. KAEVALDL^D[
    (INIV^INASD[, IKKD[[ VAGL^, CSGNJD[, SAT^DS[, IL^DLI[, ZGSD@D[[ KAL^SA@@DS[, A^SA[).
     ^AVA@AJÅI[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
    ^AVA@AJÅI[
     D[^ÉLNISD[
    D [^ÉLNISD[ W LASEI^GRI ND KAETLGKIKGALD[ GLI@ÉECSG KI[8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    ASJILG[EA[, VI^SALD[, KAL[GNDSIKGALD[.
     [DJTSGNIN
    [DJTSGNIN DL SDND[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, ND[KSGVKGÛL W IT^DL^GKIKGÛL,
    LASEI^GRI, [DSRGKGA[, III, ZDV, ZVI, ZVI3, VSA^AKA@A[ (SINGT[, =63.9], DIV, A^SA[). EÇ^ANA[ ND
    IT^DL^GKIKGÛL (ZDV, ZSI, SI3, A^SA[), T^G@GXIKGÛL ND VA@Å^GKI[ ND [DJTSGNIN KDL^SI@GXINI[
    (ZGSD@D[[ KAL^SA@@DS).
     DD[VDK^SA
    [VDK^SA D@DK^SAEIJLÇ^GKA8 KALKDV^A, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, VISIED^SGXIKGÛL, @DJG[@IKGÛL
    LIKGALI@ D GL^DSLIKGALI@. DBDK^A NAVV@DS. IKAV@D[ ND GEVDNILKGI. ^ÇKLGKI[ ND EANT@IKGÛL W
    ET@^GV@D]IKGÛL.
     VSA^AKA@A[8
    V SA^AKA@A[8 D[^ÉLNISD[ =63.99, ILÉ@G[G[ DL KIEVA, [G^D [TSRDW, XALI[ ND BSD[LD@,
    EIL^DLGEGDL^A W [AVAS^D ND [A@TKGALD[ ND SDND[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[.
     NAKTEDL^IKGÛL
    NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI8 LASEI[, ^ÇKLGKI[ KAETLG
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
    KIKGÛL (ASI@ W D[KSG^I), MDSSIEGDL^I[ VISI
    D@ NG[DÙA D GL^DSVSD^IKGÛL ND V@ILA[ W EIVI[, [G[^DEI[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL JDAJSÉBGKI W DYTGVA[
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GL[VDKKGALI
    GL[VDKKGALI YTD @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI BÅ[GKI KTEV@I KAL @A[ SDYTG[G^A[ ^ÇKLGKA[, EISKA[ ND
    SDBDSDLKGI W NG[DÙA ND @I SDN.
     V@ILDI @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[, SDYTDSGNA[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL.
    V@ILDI
     [D@DKKGALI
    [D@DKKGALI @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[, EI^DSGI@D[ W DYTGVA[, SDYTDSGNA[ VISI @I @ I GL[^I@IKGÛL ND @A[
    KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
     VSDVISI @A[ DYTGVA[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[, VISI YTD KTEV@IL KAL LASEI^GRGNIN W ^AVA@AJÅI ND SDN.
    VSDVISI
     GL[^I@I @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[, SDYTDSGNA[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL.
    GL[^I@I
     K
    KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A
    @A[
    [ KAEVALDL^D[ GLGLI@ÉECSGKA[,
    I@ÉECSGKA[, [DJØL D@ NG[DÙA, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ W VA@Å^GKI[
    D[^IC@DKGNI[.
     K
    KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND GL^DJSIKGÛL KAL @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI
    GLBSID[^STK^ TSI ND SDN KIC@DINI, ND
    IKTDSNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[ W D[^ÉLNISD[ NDBGLGNA[ VAS @I ASJILGXIKGÛL.
     IV@GKI
    I V@GKI VISÉED^SA[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL @ I SDN GLI@ ÉECSGKI, KTEV@GDLNA KAL @I[ VA@Å^GKI[,
    D[^ÉLNISD[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ W D@ NG[DÙA ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     SDI@GXI
    S DI@GXI @I NAKTEDL^IKGÛL ^ÇKLGKI ND @I GL[^I@IKGÛL ND @I SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI, [DJØL @I
    LASEI^GRGNIN RGJDL^D.
     KAEVSTDCI @A[ KILI@D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL GLI@ÉECSGKI, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND
    KAEVSTDCI
    @I [A@TKGÛL.
     RDSGBGKI
    RDSGBGKI @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND KALBGJTSIKGÛL, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ KSG^DSGA[ ^ÇKLGKA[, VA@Å^GKI[
    W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[.
     DRGNDLKGI
    DRGNDLKGI YTD D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    B TLKGALIEGDL^A ND @@A[
    A[ NG[VA[G^GRA
    NG[VA[G^GRA[,
    [, KTEV@IL KAL @@A[
    A[ D[^ÉLNISD[ ^ÇKL
    ^ÇKLGKA[
    GKA[
    D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA ND @I SDN.
     R RI@GNI
    I@GNI @I ^SIL[EG[GÛL ND NI^A[ DL @I SDN GLI@ÉECSGKI, KTEV@GDLNA KAL @A[ D[^ÉLNISD[
    ^ÇKLGKA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA ND @I SDN.
     RI@GNI VISÉED^SA[ ND KI@GNIN, RD@AKGNIN ND ^SIL[EG[GÛL W ILKMA ND CILNI, VISI JISIL^GXIS D@
    RI@GNI
    KTEV@GEGDL^A ND @A[ LGRD@D[ ND [DSRGKGA D[VDKGBGKINA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     RI@GNI
    R I@GNI D@ T[A ND KILI@D[ W B SDKTDLKGI[ ND ^S IL[EG[GÛL, VISI NIS KTEV@GEGDL^A I @A[
    D[^ÉLNISD[ ^ÇKLGKA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA ND @I SDN.
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >4 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSI ND [G[^DEI[, GLJDLGDSÅI GLBASEÉ^GKI, GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI A
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, KAL KALAKGEGDL^A W D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[ GLI@ÉECSGKA[,
    LASEI[ W D[^ÉLNISD[ GL^DSLIKGALI@D[ ND KAETLGKIKGALD[ GLI@ÉECSGKI[.
    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI [ [D
    D SDYTGDSD VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D YTD D@ GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D
    ^D KAL
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I D[VDKGI@GNIN ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A I@ EDLA[ TLI ND @I[ [GJT [GJTGDL^D[
    GDL^D[ KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ GL^DSLI
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8
    KGALI@D[8
    KG[KA KKLI
    KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ ND BICSGKIL^D[ ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL GLI@ÉECSGKA[.
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[
    ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS,
     B ASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
     ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHIS
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    EILDHIS
     INIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    INIV^IKGÛL
     GLRD[^GJIS
    GLRD[^GJIS
     @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
     ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Gep`dedltir tdkla`ajåis nd vaz sacrd GV nd ikudrna kal d` ngsdùa y lareis tçklgkis.
    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 336469679


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND RAX [ACSD GV.


    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ 3== maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >2 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    RDSGBGKIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAX [ACSD GV (RAGV),


    VISI RI@GNIS D@ KTEV@GEGDL^A ND @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA.
    V@ILGBGKIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAX [ACSD GV
    (RAGV), [DJØL D@ NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA.
    JD[^GALIS @A[ DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAX [ACSD GV (RAGV), VISI JISIL^GXIS [T
    BTLKGALIEGDL^A IKASND KAL @A[ VISÉED^SA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL D@ NG[DÙA.
    KALBGJTSIS DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAX [ACSD GV (RAGV), IKASND KAL @I
    ISYTG^DK^TSI D[^IC@DKGNI, ^ÇKLGKI[ W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
     GGL[VDKKGALIS
    L[VDKKGALIS @I KAEVI^GCG@GNIN ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND SDN ND NI^A[ D]G[^DL^D.
     V@ILDIS @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND RAX [ACSD GV (RAGV).
    V@ILDIS
     [D@DKKGALIS
    [D@DKKGALIS @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[ W EI^DSGI@D[ ND GL[^I@IKGÛL ND KAEVALDL^D[ W ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND
    RAGV.
     [D@DKKGALIS @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV.
    [D@DKKGALIS
     KALBGJTSIS NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL VISI RAGV.
    KALBGJTSIS
     KALBGJTSIS DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV.
    KALBGJTSIS
     KALBGJTSIS
    KALBGJTSIS
    KALBGJTSIS
     K ALBGJTSIS BTLKGALI@GNIND[
    VISÉED^SA[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL DYTGVA[
    W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND@W[DSRGKGA
    [AB^ZISD NDND RAGV.
    RAGV.
     KAEVSACIS D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV.
    KAEVSACIS
     SDI@GXIS VSTDCI[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND RAX W NI^A[.
    SDI@GXIS
     RDSGBGKIS @I KISIK^DSGXIKGÛL ND @A[ [DSRGKGA[ ND RAGV.
    RDSGBGKIS
     RDSGBGKIS @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA ND@ [G[^DEI ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV.
    RDSGBGKIS
     D[^IC@DKDS D[^SI^DJGI[ ND EDHASI KAL^GLTI ND@ [DSRGKGA ND RAGV.
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EIL^DLDS @I CG^ÉKASI ND IK^GRGNIND[ W DRDL^A[ ND@ [G[^DEI ND ^DKLA@AJÅI ND RAGV.
    EIL^DLDS
     JD[^GALIS @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND@ [G[^DEI ND RAGV.
    JD[^GALIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
     B
    BTLNIEDL^A[
    TLNIEDL^A[ ND V[^
    V[^L8
    L8 V@IL ND LTEDSIKGÛL, KALET^IKGÛL, SDN ND ICALINA, V@IL^I D]^DSLI,
    [DÙI@GXIKGÛL VA^[ (DL CILNI, BTDSI ND CILNI, N^EB, [[:, VT@[A[, D&E, CTK@D @AKI@), [DÙI@GXIKGÛL
    ^D@DBÛLGKI GV (M.;3;, EJKV, GI], [OGLLW), KÛNDK[ ND RAX, KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA.
     V@I^IBASEI
    V@I^IBASEI CI[D ND SDN8 SDND[ KALRDSJDL^D[, R@IL[ ND RAX? VAD, KIC@DINA D[^STK^TSINA DL
    SDND[ ND RAX W NI^A[, [TSRDW ND [DÙI@ GLI@ÉECSGKI, DLST^IEGDL^A KAL SD[DSRI ND ILKMA ND
    CILNI (S[RV). KILI@D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL (^SALKI@D[, SN[G, D9, [GV, KILI@D[ ZIL VISI ^SIL[VAS^D
    ND RAX), ^SIL[VAS^D ND RAX DL SDND[ GV (TNV, S^V)
     NG[VA[G^GRA[8
    N G[VA[G^GRA[8 ^ D@ÇBALA[ GV ( [AB^VMALD, MISNVMALD, I^I, BTDL^D[ ND DLDSJÅI), JI^ DZIW
    (NDNGKINA A DLST^INAS KAL KIVIKGNIN ND RAX), JI^DODDVDS, ZGSD@D[[ KAL^SA@@DS, VC] GV,
    KAL[A@I[ ND AVDSINASI, NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND VSA^DKKGÛL ND SDN ^D@DBÛLGKI.
     [DSRGKGA[8
    [ DSRGKGA[8 IKN, GRS, CTXALD[ ND RAX, IKKAT L^GLJ (^ISGB GKIKGÛL), NGSDK^ASGA ^D@DBÛLGKA,
    SDNGSDKKGÛL ND @@IEINI[, ^SIL[BDSDLKGI ND @@IEINI[, VISYTDA ND @@IEINI[, KIV^TSI ND
    @@IEINI[, GL^DSKAE, VIJGLJ, BI], GL^DJSIKGÛL KAL [G[^DEI[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
     EÇ^SGKI[8 JSINA ND [DSRGKGA, KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA, T^G@GXIKGÛL ND@ [DSRGKGA, DLKA@IEGDL^A, DL^SD
    EÇ^SGKI[8
    A^SI[.
     VSA^AKA@A[8 VSA]W [GV, [^TL, ^TSL, GKD, C3CTI.
    VSA^AKA@A[8
     E EAND@A
    AND@A ND KAETLGKIKGALD[ TLGBGKINI[8 JI^DZIW[ ND RAX, NG[VA[G^GRA[ ND SDN ND NI^A[,
    [D@DKKGÛL ND ST^I[ W EILGVT@IKGÛL ND NÅJG^A[, KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA.
     ^ ^D@DBALÅI
    D@DBALÅI GV8 JDLDSI@GNIND[. KAEVALDL^D[. ^AVA@AJÅI[. [DÙI@GX[DÙI@GXIKGÛL.
    IKGÛL. VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ND
    GL[^I@IKGÛL. KALBGJTSIKGÛL. [DSRGKGA[. GL^DJSIKGÛL ND @I RAX I @I SDN ND NI^A[.
     ^DKLA@AJÅI[
    ^ DKLA@AJÅI[ ND RAX [ACSD GV8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[. KAEVALDL^D[ ND MISNZISD W [AB^ZISD.
    VSA^AKA@A[ D GL^DSBIKD[. [DSRGKGA[. D[^ÉLNISD[ W [DÙI@GXIKGÛL. KALBGJTSIKGÛL. MDSSIEGDL^I[
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >: nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    [AB^ZISD.
     [
    [DJTSGNIN
    DJTSGNIN DL ^DKL
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[
    A@AJÅI[ RAX [A[ACSD
    CSD GV8 JDLDSI@G
    JDLDSI@GNIND[.
    NIND[. I^IYTD[. SG
    SGD[JA[,
    D[JA[, D[^SI^
    D[^SI^DJGI[
    DJGI[ ND
    EG^GJIKGÛL ND SGD[JA[. VA@Å^GKI[. LASEI^GRI.
     KAL^GLJDLKGI[ DL ^DKLA@AJÅI ND RAX [ACSD GV8 V@IL. VSAKDNGEGDL^A. EILDHA.
    KAL^GLJDLKGI[
     KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA8 NDBGLGKGÛL. ^ÇKLGKI[. [DSRGKGA[. INEGLG[^SIKGÛL.
    KI@GNIN
     ^SIL[EG[GALD[
    ^SIL[EG[GALD[ ^D@DBÛLGKI[8
    ^D@DB ÛLGKI[8 JDLDSI@GNIND[, KAEVALDL^D[, [G[^DEI[ ND ^D@DBALÅI ILI@ÛJGKI W
    NGJG^I@. KALET^IKGÛL ND KGSKTG^A[. [DÙI@GXIKGÛL. GL^DSBIKD[.
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     RI@GNI
    R I@GNI YTD @ I GLBSID[^ST K^TSI ND SDN N I^A[ D]G[^DL^ D [AVAS^D @ A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND
    KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTG[G^A[ ND@ NG[DÙA.
     V@ILDI @I GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL ND @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ RAGV [DJØL @I [A@TKGÛL D[^IC@DKGNI.
    V@ILDI
     NG[VALD
    NG[VALD @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[,
    MDSS IEGDL^I[, EI^DS
    EI^DSGI@D[
    GI@D[ W KAEVALDL^
    KAEVALDL^D[D[ SDYTDSGNA[ VISI D@ ND[V@GDJTD N ND
    D @I[
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND RAGV.
     [D@DKKGALI @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV VISI @I [A@TKGÛL D[^IC@DKGNI.
    [D@DKKGALI
     K KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A[ NG[VA[G^GRA[ IK^GRA[ ND GL^DSKALD]GÛL ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ VISÉED^SA[
    D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     KALBGJTSI
    KALBGJTSI @A[ DYTGVA[
    DY TGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND KA
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
    ETLGKIKGÛL ND RAGV [DJØ
    [DJØLL D@ NG[DÙA ND @I [A@TKG
    [A@TKGÛL,
    ÛL,
    EILTI@D[ ND@ BICSGKIL^D W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ^ÇKLGKA[.
     K KALBGJTSI
    ALBGJTSI @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND [DJTSGNIN DL @A[ DYTGVA[ W [AB^ZISD ND RAGV IKASND KAL
    EILTI@ ND AVDSIKGÛL W LASEI^GRI ^ÇKLGKI.
     KALBGJTSI @A[ [DSRGKGA[ W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ ND IKTDSNA I@ NG[DÙA D[^IC@DKGNA.
    KALBGJTSI
     K
    KAEVSTDCI
    AEVSTDCI YTD D@ BTLKGALIEGD
    BTLKGALIEGDL^A
    L^A ND @A[ DYT
    DYTGVA[
    GVA[ W [AB^Z
    [AB^ZISD
    ISD ND KAETLGKIKG
    KAETLGKIKGÛLÛL ND RAGV
    KTEV@IL KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     SDI@GXI
    SDI@GXI VSTDCI[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI ND RAX W NI^A[ VISI JISIL^GXIS D@
    KTEV@GEGDL^A ND @A[ LGRD@D[ ND [DSRGKGA NDBGLGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
     RDSGBGKI YTD @A[ [DSRGKGA[ KALBGJTSINA[ KTEV@IL KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
    RDSGBGKI
     RRDSGBGKI
    DSGBGKI YTD @A[ VISÉED^SA[ ND KI@GNIN ND [DSRGKGA ND @I [A@TKGÛL D[^ÇL IHT[^INA[ I
    D[^ÉLNISD[ W SDYTG[G^A[ EÅLGEA[ ND BTLKGALIEGDL^A.
     D
    D[^IC@DKD
    [^IC@DKD D[^SI^
    D[^SI^DJGI[
    DJGI[ ND EDHASI KAL
    KAL^GLTI
    ^GLTI VISI JISIL^GX
    JISIL^GXIS
    IS D@ INDKTINA [DSRG
    [DSRGKGA
    KGA ND RAGV
    [DJØL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND @I [A@TKGÛL.
     N
    NAKTEDL^I
    AKTEDL^I @I CG^ÉKASI ND IK^GRGNIND[ W DRDL^A[ ND@ [G[^DEI ND ^DKLA@AJÅI ND RAGV VISI
    VDSEG^GS @I ^SIXICG@GNIN ND @A[ DRDL^A[ VSAVGA[ ND @I GLBSID[^STK^TSI.
     J
    JD[^GALI
    D[^GALI @I[ V@I^IBASEI[ ND INEGLG[^SIKG
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL
    ÛL ND @I[ ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND RAGV [DJØL VA@Å^GKI[,
    D[^ÉLNISD[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ DL @I [A@TKGÛL.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ DL GLJDLGDSÅI ND [G[^DEI[, GLJDLGDSÅI DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, GLJDLGDSÅI D@DK^SÛLGKI,
    GLJDLGDSÅI ND ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[, KAL KALAKGEGDL^A W D]VDSGDLKGI KAEVSACINI DL SDND[ ND
    NI^A[, GL[^I@IKGÛL, KALBGJTSIKGÛL W INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND DYTGVA[ IK^GRA[ ND SDND[, ^D@DBÛLGKI,
    ^D@DBALÅI
    VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI [ [D
    D SDYTGDSD VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D YTD D@ GGL[^STK^AS
    L[^STK^AS KTDL
    KTDL^D^D KAL
    D[VDKGI@GXIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLA@ÛJGKI SD@IKGALINA[ KAL @I D[VDKGI@GNIN ACHD^A ND
    BASEIKGÛL A I@ EDLA[ TLI ND @I[ [GJT[GJTGDL^D[
    GDL^D[ KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ GL^DSLI
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8
    KGALI@D[8
    &#72:7?KG[KA
    &#72:7?KG[KA KKLI
    &#72:7?KDS^GBGKIKGALD[
    &#72:7?KDS^GBGKIKGALD[ ND BICSGKIL^D[ ND NG[VA[G^GRA[ RAGV
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >= nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8


    NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI8 ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL SD@IKGALINA[ KAL
    D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA KAL @I KAEVD^DLKGI I ASGDL^IS W [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[
    ND NAKDLKGI.
    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    BASET@IS,
     B ASET@IS, DHDKT^IS W DRI@TIS VSAWDK^A[
     ^SICIHIS DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHIS
     D[^IC@DKDS VSAKD[A[ KAETLGKI^GRA[ I[DS^GRA[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ I[AKGINI[ I@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL
    EILDHIS
     INIV^IKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    INIV^IKGÛL
     GLRD[^GJIS
    GLRD[^GJIS
     EILDHIS JSTVA[.
    EILDHIS
     @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
    @DK^AD[KSG^TSI
     ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    ISJTEDL^I^GRA
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[ W NAEGLGA ND D[^SI^DJGI[ VISI @I [A@TKGÛL ND KALB@GK^A[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND GL^DSIK^TIS DL @DLJTI GLJ@D[I ND BASEI ASI@ W D[KSG^I NDL^SA ND KAL^D]^A[
    [AKGI@D[ W @ICASI@D[ [DJØL @A[ KSG^DSGA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS D@ EISKA KAEØL
    KAEVD^DLKGI DTSAVDA ND SDBDSDLKGI VISI @I[ @DLJTI[.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>6363469


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I GL^DSIK^TIS DL @DLJTI GLJ@D[I ND BASEI ASI@ W D[KSG^I NDL^SA ND KAL^D]^A[
    [AKGI@D[ W @ICASI@D[ [DJØL @A[ KSG^DSGA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS D@ EISKA KAEØL
    KAEVD^DLKGI DTSAVDA ND SDBDSDLKGI VISI @I[ @DLJTI[

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris) ;=> maris

    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD


    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    GEV@DEDL^IS IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI SD@IKGALINI[ KAL D@ T[A ND D]VSD[GALD[, D[^STK^TSI[ W
    ND[DEVDÙA [DJØL @A[ SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD BASET@INA[ VISI D@ VSAJSIEI.
    KAEVSDLNDS GLBASEIKGÛL [ACSD [G^TIKGALD[ KA^GNGILI[ W @ICASI@D[ IK^TI@D[ W BT^TSI[ I
    ^SIRÇ[ ND GL^DSIKKGALD[ [AKGI@D[ ND BASEI ASI@ W D[KSG^I.
    GL^DSKIECGIS AVGLGALD[ [ACSD [G^TIKGALD[ KA^GNGILI[ W @ICASI@D[ IK^TI@D[, VI[INI[ W BT^TSI[
    DL KAL^D]^A[ [AKGI@D[ ASI@D[ W D[KSG^A[.
    D]V@GKIS @I[ BTLKGALD[ ND [T AKTVIKGÛL @ICASI@ T[ILNA D]VSD[GALD[ ND IKTDSNA I@ LGRD@
    SDYTDSGNA VAS D@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL.
    NG[KT^GS [ACSD VA[GC@D[ [A@TKGALD[ I VSAC@DEI[ NDL^SA ND TL SILJA RISGINA ND
    KAL^D]^A[ [AKGI@D[ W @ICASI@D[.
    VSD[DL^IS TL VSAKD[A VISI @I SDI@GXIKGÛL ND TLI IK^GRGNIN DL [T YTDMIKDS @ICASI@ ND
    IKTDSNA KAL @A[ VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ ND[ND [T VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL.
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli >7 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    D[^IC@DKDS @I[ NGBDSDLKGI[ DL^SD VSD[DL^D [GEV@D W VSD[DL^D KAL^GLTA DL ^D]^A[
    [DLKG@@A[.
    V@ILDIS TL G^GLDSISGA T[ILNA D@ VSD[DL^D KAL^GLTA VISI @I ASJILGXIKGÛL ND RGIHD[, DRDL^A[
    W/A KD@DCSIKGALD[.
    ND[KSGCGS MICG^IKGALD[, KI[I[ A @TJISD[ ND ^SICIHA T[ILNA VSALAECSD[ VA[D[GRA[,
    VSDVA[GKGALD[ ND @TJIS, INHD^GRA[ KI@GBGKI^GRA[ W RAKICT@ISGA D[VDKÅBGKA.
    GNDL^GBGKIS @I[ DNGBGKIKGALD[ W @A[ @TJISD[ ND GL^DSÇ[ SDJGALI@, LIKGALI@ D GL^DSLIKGALI@.
    [TEGLG[^SIS GLBASEIKGÛL [ACSD @I TCGKIKGÛL W @I EILDSI ND @@DJIS I TL @TJIS
    ND^DSEGLINA.
    D[^IC@DKDS NGBDSDLKGI[ W [GEG@G^TND[ DL^SD VDS[ALI[, @TJISD[ A KA[I[.
    LISSIS DRDL^A[ W IKAL^DKGEGDL^A[ T[ILNA D[^STK^TSI[ JSIEI^GKI@D[ DL D@ ^GDEVA
    VI[INA W KALDK^ASD[ YTD CSGLNDL KAMDSDLKGI W KAMD[GÛL I@ ^D]^A.
    D[KSGCGS ^D]^A[ [DLKG@@A[ DL ASNDL KSALA@ÛJGKA [ACSD IKAL^DKGEGDL^A[ VI[INA[.
    SDI@GXIS TLI GLRG^IKGÛL BASEI@ I TL DRDL^A DEV@DILNA @I[ D[^STK^TSI[ ND@ BT^TSA W ZAT@N
    @GOD ^A.
    MIC@IS ND V@ILD[ BT^TSA[ VISI [T ^SICIHA W [T KISSDSI.
    LISSIS DRDL^A[ W IKAL^DKGEGDL^A[ T[ILNA D[^STK^TSI[ JSIEI^GKI@D[ ND@ ^GDEVA VI[INA,
    VDSBDK^A W KALDK^ASD[ YTD CSGLNDL KAMDSDLKGI W KAMD[GÛL I@ ^D]^A.
    D]VSD[IS MDKMA[ SDI@D[ W VA[GC@D[ IKDSKI ND NGRDS[A[ DRDL^A[ A [G^TIKGALD[ ND@ DL^ASLA.
    ABSDKDS [A@TKGÛL I [G^TIKGALD[ VIS^GKT@ISD[ DL [T ÉSDI AKTVIKGALI@.
    VIS^GKGVIS DL TLI @@IEINI ^D@DBÛLGKI ([I@TNIS, VSDJTL^IS, SD[A@RDS VSDJTL^I[).
    MIKDS VSAVTD[^I[ W [A@GKG^TND[ DEV@DILNA RDSCA[ EANI@D[ W BÛSET@I[ ND KAS^D[ÅI DL
    NGRDS[A[ KAL^D]^A[.
    SD[VALNDS I VSAVTD[^I[ W [A@GKG^TND[ DEV@DILNA RDSCA[ EANI@D[ W BÛSET@I[ ND KAS^D[ÅI
    DL NGRDS[A[ KAL^D]^A[.
    D]VSD[IS GL[DJTSGNIN [ACSD I@JTLI KTD[^GÛL T AVGLGÛL.
    D[KSGCGS GLBASED[ W SDVAS^D[ @ICASI@D[ T^G@GXILNA BSI[D[ KALKSD^I[ W TLI GL^SANTKKGÛL,
    ND[ISSA@@A W KALK@T[GÛL.
    ND[KSGCGS D@ VSAKD[A ND VSDVISIKGÛL W DHDKTKGÛL ND TLI IK^GRGNIN ND [T YTDMIKDS @ICASI@.
    NIS GL[^STKKGALD[ ND TL VSAKD[A SD@IKGALINA KAL [T YTDMIKDS @ICASI@.
    [DJTGS GL[^STKKGALD[ ND TL VSAKD[A SD@IKGALINA KAL [T YTDMIKDS @ICASI@.
    D]VALDS @I[ IKKGALD[ W BTLKGALD[ SD@IKGALINI[ KAL [T KISJA.
    VTL^TI@GXIS @I[ @ICASD[ D[VDKÅBGKI[ YTD ND[ISSA@@I DL [T @TJIS
    @ TJIS ND ^SICIHA, MIKGDLNA T[A ND
    RAKICT@ISGA INDKTINA.
    SDKALAKDS @A[ BALDEI[ ND@ [G[^DEI RAKÉ@GKA GLJ@Ç[.
    D[^IC@DKDS NGBDSDLKGI[ DL^SD NGRDS[A[ [ALGNA[ KAETLD[ ND@ GLJ@Ç[.
    VSALTLKGIS ^ÇSEGLA[ W BSI[D[ MIKGDLNA T[A ND @I[ SDJ@I[ ND @I IKDL^TIKGÛL W
    DL^ALIKGÛL INDKTINI VISI D[^D LGRD@ ND BASEIKGÛL.
    MIKDS T[A ND D[^SI^DJGI[ ED^IKAJLG^GRI[ KAEA D@ T[A ND B@I[MKISN[, JSÉBGKA[
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    JSIEÉ^GKI
    VSD[DL^D [GEV@D W VSD[DL^D KAL^GLTA
    VSD[DL^D KAL^GLTA8 (T[A VISI V@ILD[ W IKTDSNA[)
    VSALAECSD[ VA[D[GRA[
    VSDVA[GKGALD[ ND @TJIS (SDRG[GÛL)
    EARGEGDL^A
    INHD^GRA[
    KAEVISI^GRA[
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 46 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    BASEI[ RDSCI@D[ DL D@ VI[INA [GEV@D ( SDJT@IS RDSC[ ILN GSSDJT@IS RDSC[)


    T[DN ^A
    VI[INA KAL^GLTA
    VI[INA [GEV@D W VI[INA KAL^GLTA
    BT^TSA KAL @I[ BÛSET@I[8 ZG@@, CD JAGLJ ^A
    ZAT@N @GOD ^A
    NGBDSDLKGI DL^SD D@ VSD[DL^D VDSBDK^A W VI[INA [GEV@D.
    KALNGKGALI@ XDSA W BGS[^
    ZAT@N SI^MDS (T[A W KAL^D]^A)
    MIN CD^^DS, [MAT@N , G ^MGLO (^MI^), G KAL[GNDS (^MI^), ET[^, KAT@N.
    [TVDS@I^GRA[ (T[A W KAL^D]^A)
    INRDSCGA[ ND BASEI W EILDSI
    KALDK^ASD[
    RDSCA[ BSI[I@D[ KAETLD[
    K@ÉT[T@I[ ND SD@I^GRA
    GEVDSI^GRA VISI NIS GL[^STKKGALD[
    KALNGKGALI@ XDSA (GB, ZMDL)
    RAKICT@ISGA
    IK^GRGNIND[ ND@ ^GDEVA @GCSD.
    KD@DCSIKGALD[, KA[^TECSD[ W ^SINGKGALD[.
    KTIS^A[, @TJISD[ DL TLI KI[I W [T[ ACHD^A[
    ^GDLNI[ W @TJISD[ DL @I KGTNIN W @A[ VTDC@A[
    DNGBGKIKGALD[ W KAL[^STKKGALD[
    IVISGDLKGI ND @I[ VDS[ALI[
    KAEVAS^IEGDL^A[ W VDS[ALI@GNIND[
    KTI@GNIND[ W NDBDK^A[ VDS[ALI@D[
    D]VSD[GALD[ ND ^GDEVA DL D@ VI[INA W BT^TSA.
    SDTLGALD[ BIEG@GISD[, IK^GRGNIND[ ND @I GLBILKGI, DRDL^A[ MG[^ÛSGKA[.
    ZMDL W ZMG@D
    LØEDSA[ ASNGLI@D[ W KISNGLI@D[
    KALDK^ASD[ (EDILZMG@D, [TNNDL@W, MAZDRDS, ^MDL, IB^DS)
    DRDL^A[ BASEI@D[ (KALJSD[A[, KALBDSDLKGI[)
    VSDVA[GKGALD[ ND ^GDEVA (GL, AL , I^) DL NGBDSDL^D[ KAL^D]^A[.
    INRDSCGA[ (WD^, [^G@@, DRDS, I@SDINW, HT[^, @I^D@W)
    [GLKD, BAS W IJA
    RAKICT@ISGA ND RGIHD[
    BDLÛEDLA[ LI^TSI@D[
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
    SDKALAKD @I GNDI JDLDSI@ W ND^I@@D[ D[VDKÅBGKA[ DL GL^DSIKKGALD[ ASI@D[ ND @I RGNI KA^GNGILI
    IS^GKT@INI[ KAL K@ISGNIN W TLI RD@AKGNIN VSAEDNGA.
    SDKALAKD @I GNDI JDLDSI@
    J DLDSI@ W ND^I@@
    ND^I@@D[
    D[ D[VDKÅBGKA[ DL ^ ^D]^A[
    D]^A[ D[KSG^A[ ND @I RGNI
    KA^GNGILI IS^GKT@INA[ KAL K@ISGNIN.
    KAEVSDLND GLBASEIKGÛL KALKSD^I SD@I^GRI I ^DEI[ KA^GNGILA[ W @ICASI@D[ DL ^D]^A[ ASI@D[
    W D[KSG^A[.
    ND[KSGCD ND EILDSI [DLKG@@I W K@ISI I[TL^A[, IKKGALD[, D]VDSGDLKGI[, [DL^GEGDL^A[, V@ILD[
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL ^DEI[ ND [T GL^DSÇ[ W KA^GNGILGNIN, [GJTGDLNA TLI [DKTDLKGI @GLDI@ ND
    D@DEDL^A[.
    ABSDKD CSDRD[ SIXALIEGDL^A[ W D]V@GKIKGALD[ ND AVGLGALD[, V@ILD[ W IKKGALD[.
    [D KAETLGKI ND EILDSI DBGKIX DL ^ASLA I ^DEÉ^GKI[ KA^GNGILI[ W @ICASI@D[ [DLKG@@I[
    MIKGDLNA T[A ND TLI INDKTINI VSALTLKGIKGÛL, B@TGNDX, SILJA ND RAKICT@ISGA W D[^STK^TSI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 49 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    VISI D@ LGRD@ VSD GL^DSEDNGA.


    CSGLNI [A@TKGÛL I TL VSAC@DEI [DLKG@@I MIKGDLNA T[A ND TLI INDKTINI VSALTLKGIKGÛL,
    B@TGNDX, SILJA ND RAKICT@ISGA W D[^STK^TSI JSIEI^GKI@ VISI D@ LGRD@ VSD GL^DSEDNGA.
    DL@IXI TLI [DSGD ND D@DEDL^A[ CSDRD[, KALKSD^A[ W [DLKG@@A[ VISI KSDIS TLI [DKTDLKGI
    KAMD[GALINI
    KAMD[GALIN I W @GLDI@.
    MIKD T[A ND RAKICT@ISGA SD@IKGALINA KAL BIEG@GI, IBGKGALD[ D GL^DSD[D[, ^SICIHA, RGIHD[ W
    MDKMA[ ND IK^TI@GNIN, DL ^D]^A[ ASI@D[ W D[KSG^A[.
    [GJTD GL[^STKKGALD[ ND TL VSAKD[A SD@IKGALINA KAL [T YTDMIKDS @ICASI@.
    MIKD T[A ND ^ÇSEGLA[ W D]VSD[GALD[ SD@IKGALINI[ KAL [T ÉECG^A @ICASI@ D[VDKÅBGKA.
    D[ KIVIX ND MIKDS TLI VSD[DL^IKGÛL CSDRD W VSDVISINI [ACSD TL ^DEI NDL^SA ND [T
    D[VDKGI@GNIN KAL @I [TBGKGDL^D K@ISGNIN KAEA VISI YTD [D VTDNI [DJTGS [GL NGBGKT@^IN @I
    EIWAS VIS^D ND@ ^GDEVA W KTWI[ GNDI[ VSGLKGVI@D[ D[^ÉL D]V@GKINI[ KAL TLI SIXALIC@D
    VSDKG[GÛL.
    VIS^GKGVI DL HTDJA[ ND SA@ JTGINA[ A [G^TIKGALD[ [GET@INI[ [ACSD [G^TIKGALD[ KA^GNGILI[ W
    @ICASI@D[ IK^TI@D[, VI[INI[
    VI[INI[ W BT^TSI[ DL KAL^D]^A[ [AKGI@D[ ASI@D[ W D[KSG^A[.
    D[^IC@DKD IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI KAL^GLTI VISI D@ I@KILKD D]VSD[GALD[ ND KAS^D[ÅI VISI
    GL^DSKIECGIS AVGLGALD[
    D]VSD[GALD[ GNGAEÉ^GKI[ KAETLD[ DL KAL^D]^A[ @ICASI@D[.
    ^DSEGLA@AJÅI ^ÇKLGKI AKTVIKGALI@
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I KAETLGKIKGÛL
    KALDK^ASD[ ND [DKTDLKGI
    RAKICT@ISGA W D]VSD[GALD[ SD@IKGALINI[ KAL [T ÉSDI AKTVIKGALI@
    RAKICT@ISGA W D]VSD[GALD[ SD@IKGALINI[ KAL @I[ BTLKGALD[ DL D@ ÉSDI AKTVIKGALI@
    D@DK^SANAEÇ[^GKA[, EIYTGLISGI, GL[TEA[ W DYTGVIEGDL^A
    @TJISD[ ND ^SICIHA
    VSALTLKGIKGÛL

    [THD^A + KAL^SIKKGALD[ KAL IT]G@GISD[


    IKDL^TIKGÛL DL BSI[D[ (KAL^DLGNA W BTLKGALD[ ND @I[ VI@ICSI[)
    SDJ@I ND VSALTLKGIKGÛL -&#=36=? DN DLNGLJ, RAGKDN KAL[ALIL^[ R[ RAGKD@D[[ KAL[ALIL^[.
    DL^ALIKGÛL ND BALDEI[ ND [T[^IL^GRA[ V@TSI@D[.
    BALDEI[ RAKÉ@GKA[
    NGBDSDLKGI DL^SD D@ [ALGNA ^M /&#743?/ W /Ö/ 
    DL^ALIKGÛL VISI VSD[DL^IS GLBASEIKGÛL LTDRI.
    IKDL^TIKGÛL DL BSI[D[ (KAL^DLGNA W BTLKGALD[ ND @I[ VI@ICSI[)
    IKDL^TIKGÛL ND ÇLBI[G[
    SDNTKKGÛL RAKÉ@GKI
    GL^DSLI^GALI@ VMALD^GK I@VMICD^ (SDKALAKGEGDL^A ND @A[ [ÅECA@A[ W [T VSALTLKGIKGÛL)
    D@DRIKGÛL W KIÅNI ND @I DL^ALIKGÛL DL NGBDSDL^D[ ^GVA[ ND BSI[D[
    KALD]GÛL W D@G[GÛL ND [ALGNA[ KAL @A[ [TVDS@I^GRA[

    D[^SI^DJGI[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    T[A ND ASJILGXINASD[ JSÉBGKA[ (NGIJSIEI[ ND B@THA, EIVI[ KALKDV^TI@D[, EIVI[ EDL^I@D[,
    DL^SD A^SA[)
    T[A ND ^ISHD^I[ NGNÉK^GKI[ A B@I[MKISN[
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 43 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VSABD[GALI@ KAL ^Å^T@A DL @GKDLKGI^TSI DL GNGAEI[ A VSABD[GALI@ DL KTI@YTGDS ÉSDI ND
    KALAKGEGDL^A.
    LGRD@ EÅLGEA C3 ND [TBGKGDLKGI DL GLJ@Ç[, IKSDNG^INA EDNGIL^D TLI ND @I[ [GJTGDL^D[ VSTDCI[
    GL^DSLIKGALI@D[8

    BKD (BGS[^ KDS^GBGKI^D GL DLJ@G[M) CDK (RIL^IJD A MGJMDS) KD@[ (RIL^IJD A MGJMDS) GD@^[ (EÅLGEA
    4,4)
    G[D GG (GL^DJSI^DN [OG@@[ GL DLJ@G[M) ^ADB@ VC^ (EÅLGEA 42: ^ADB@ KC^ (EÅLGEA 33:)
    ^ADB@ GC^ (EÅLGEA =:)
    CT@I^[ (C3 DL ^ANI[ @I[ MICG@GNIND[) KID (KDS^GBGKI^D GL INRILKDN DLJ@G[M) KVD (KDS^GBGKI^D AB
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8
    EÅLGEA 93 ED[D[ DL @I ASGDL^IKGÛL ND VSAKD[A[ ND KIVIKG^IKGÛL A BASEIKGÛL DL @I @DLJTI
    D]^SILHDSI DL EANI@GNIN VSD[DLKGI@.

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    NDEA[^SIS I@^I[ KAEVD^DLKGI[
    KA EVD^DLKGI[ INEGLG[^
    INEGLG[^SI^GRI[
    SI^GRI[ W ^ÇKLGKI[ ND@ [ [G[^DEI
    G[^DEI ND JD[^GÛL
    IKINÇEGKI W @E[.
    NAEGLGA NDEA[^SINA DL ABGEÉ^GKI D GL^DSLD^ W/A KGTNINILÅI NGJG^I@.
    KAEVD^DLKGI[ ED^ANA@ÛJGKI[ VISI @I ASGDL^IKGÛL ND VSAJSIEI[ ND BASEIKGÛL VISI D@
    ^SICIHA W D@ ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA.
    MICG@GNIND[ DL KAETLGKIKGÛL D[KSG^I, [A@TKGÛL ND VSAC@DEI[, VDL[IEGDL^A KSÅ^GKA,
    DL^DLNGEGDL^A GL^DSVDS[ALI@, ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA W KAEVSDL[GÛL @DK^ASI.
    KSDI^GRA W VSAIK^GRA.
    VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D8 D[^IS KDS^GBGKINA DL D@ KTS[A ND GL[^STK^AS RGS^TI@ RGJDL^D, D[^IC@DKGNA
    VAS @I NGSDKKGÛL ND BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ ND@ [DLI W/A KDS^GBGKINA SD@IKGALINA KAL ^T^ASÅI
    RGS^TI@ D]VDNGNA DL @A[ ^SD[ Ø@^GEA[ IÙA[.
    VSDBDSGC@DEDL^D8 KALAKGEGDL^A ND @I ED^ANA@AJÅI ND BASEIKGÛL ND@ [DLI

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND ASGDL^IS GLRD[^GJIKGÛL BASEI^GRI [DJØL SDBDSDL^D[ ^ÇKLGKA[.
    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>636962>


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I ND[ISSA@@A ND VSAKD[A[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL DBDK^GRA[, ^DLGDLNA DL


    KAEVD^DLKGI KTDL^I [G^TIKGALD[ ND ASNDL [AKGI@ W VSANTK^GRA
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 4; nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)

    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD


    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    D[^STK^TSIS D@ VSAWDK^A ND IKTDSNA I KSG^DSGA[ ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    VSAVALDS [A@TKGALD[ I @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ KAL^D]^A [DJØL SD[T@^INA[ ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    ISJTEDL^IS I[VDK^A[ ^DÛSGKA[ ND@ VSAWDK^A [DJØL SDBDSDL^D[ LIKGALI@D[ D GL^DSLIKGALI@D[
    ILI@GXIS D@ KAL^D]^A VSANTK^GRA [DJØL [T[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ W LDKD[GNIND[
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    NGBDSDLKGIS
     N GBDSDLKGIS BASEI[ ND KALAKGEGDL^A.
     NDBGLGS @I[ ^ÇKLGKI[ ND SDKA@DKKGÛL ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
    NDBGLGS
     BASET@IS D@ VSAC@DEI ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    BASET@IS
    V@IL^DIS
     V
     K@IL^DIS
    KAL^D]^TI@GXIS@I VSDJTL^I
    AL^D]^TI@GXIS ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    @I GEVAS^ILKGI ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL
     ND^DSEGLIS ND @A[ ACHD^GRA[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    ND^DSEGLIS
     SDI@GXIS CØ[YTDNI[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
    SDI@GXIS
     D@ICASIS ND@ EISKA ^DÛSGKA ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    D@ICASIS
     IV@GKIS ^ÇKLGKI[ ND SDKA@DKKGÛL ND GLBASEIKGÛL.
    IV@GKIS
     D@ICASIS D@ GLBASED ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    D@ICASIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    KALAKGEGDL^A8
     K ALAKGEGDL^A8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[
    KA[EARG[GÛL8
     KA[EARG[GÛL8 KALKDV^A, VDS[VDK^GRI[ D GEVAS^ILKGI.
     GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A[ W DLBAYTD[
    GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8
     ED^ANA@AJÅI[, EÇ^ANA[ W ^ÇKLGKI[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A[ W ^GVA[
    ED^ANA@AJÅI[,
     VSAWDK^A[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[, D[^STK^TSI[ W VSAKDNGEGDL^A[.
    VSAWDK^A[
     GNDI[, VSAC@DEI[ W VSDJTL^I[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL
    GNDI[,
     HT[^GBGKIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, KAEVALDL^D[
    HT[^GBGKIKGÛL8
     ACHD^GRA[ ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[
    ACHD^GRA[
     BTDL^D[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL8 NDBGLGKGÛL, ^GVA[ W SDBDSDLKGIKGÛL
    BTDL^D[
     EISKA ^DÛSGKA8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[
    EISKA
     GLBASED ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL8 KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, ^GVA[
    GLBASED
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
    SDKALAKD
     S DKALAKD @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ KAL^D]^A, [DJØL @I[ VSAC@DEÉ^GKI[ GNDL^GBGKINI[.
     ND[KSGCD D@ VSAC@DEI ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ND IKTDSNA I @A[ D@DEDL^A[ AC[DSRINA[.
    ND[KSGCD
     V@IL^DI @A[ ACHD^GRA[ ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL [DJØL @I VSDJTL^I ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL.
    V@IL^DI
     KAL[A@GNI D@ VSAWDK^A ND GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ^DLGDLNA DL KTDL^I @I VDS^GLDLKGI W @A[ I@KILKD[.
    KAL[A@GNI
     DD@ICASI
    @ICASI D@ EISKA ^DÛSGKA ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL ND IKTDSNA I @A[ KAL^D]^A[ LIKGALI@ D
    GL^DSLIKGALI@.
     IV@GKI ^ÇKLGKI[ ND SDKA@DKKGÛL ND GLBASEIKGÛL ND IKTDSNA I KSG^DSGA[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ VAS
    IV@GKI
    @I ED^ANA@AJÅI
     KAETLGKI @A[ SD[T@^INA[ ND @I GLRD[^GJIKGÛL [DJØL KSG^DSGA[ ND VSD[DL^IKGÛL ND GLBASED[.
    KAETLGKI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 4> nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8

    VSABD[GALI@ A ^DKLÛ@AJA DL D@ ÉSDI

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8


    NA[
     N A[ (3) IÙA ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@ DL D@ ÉSDI
     [DG[ (2) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI NAKDL^D
    [DG[

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
    NAEGLGA
     N
     NAEGLGA
    NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    AEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Sizalir kuiltgtitgviedltd brdltd i sgtuikgalds suskdptgc`ds nd sdr icarninis nd eildri eitdeétgki
    KAEVD^DLKGI dl kaltdxtas `icari`ds, sakgi`ds y pdrsali`ds.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>636943=


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I SIXALIS KTIL^G^I^GRIEDL^D BSDL^D I [G^TIKGALD[ [T[KDV^GC@D[ ND [DS


    KAEVD^DLKGI ICASNINI[ ND EILDSI EI^DEÉ^GKI DL KAL^D]^A[ @ICASI@D[, [AKGI@D[ W

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    GNDL^GBGKIS EAND@A[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ ND@ VSAC@DEI
    V@IL^DINA DL KAL^D]^A[ [AKGI@D[ W VSANTK^GRA
    V@IL^DIS VSAC@DEI[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[ I VIS^GS ND [G^TIKGALD[ JDLDSINI[ DL D@ KAL^D]^A [AKGI@ W
    VSANTK^GRA
    SD[A@RDS VSAC@DEI[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[ I VIS^GS ND [G^TIKGALD[ JDLDSINI[ DL D@ KAL^D]^A [AKGI@ W
    VSANTK^GRA
    VSAVALDS IKKGALD[ ND EDHASI BSDL^D I @A[ SD[T@^INA[ ND @A[ VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[ ND
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 44 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    IKTDSNA KAL D@ VSAC@DEI V@IL^DINA


    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
    V@IL^DIS
     V @IL^DIS DKTIKGALD[
     V@IL^DIS [G[^DEI[ ND DKTIKGALD[
    V@IL^DIS
     D[^IC@DKDS SD@IKGALD[ ND VSAVASKGALI@GNIN DL^SD RISGIC@D[
    D[^IC@DKDS
     IV@GKIS KSG^DSGA[ ND [DEDHILXI W KALJSTDLKGI ND BGJTSI[.
    IV@GKIS
     IV@GKIS @A[ ^DASDEI[ ND ^MI@D[ W VG^ÉJASI[.
    IV@GKIS
     SDVSD[DL^IS BTLKGALD[ DL D@ V@ILA KIS^D[GILA.
    SDVSD[DL^IS
     SDI@GXIS AVDSIKGALD[ KAL LØEDSA[ SDI@D[ W KAL LØEDSA[ KAEV@DHA[
    SDI@GXIS
     KI@KT@IS VDSÅED^SA[, ÉSDI[ W RA@ØEDLD[
    KI@KT@IS
     SDI@GXIS ^SIL[BASEIKGALD[ JDAEÇ^SGKI[ DL D@ V@ILA.
    SDI@GXIS
     SDI@GXIS KALRDS[GALD[ ND TLGNIND[ ND EDNGNI.
    SDI@GXIS
     SD[A@RDS DKTIKGALD[ ND VSGEDS W [DJTLNA JSINA.
    SD[A@RDS
     SD[A@RDS [G[^DEI[ ND DKTIKGALD[.
    SD[A@RDS
     KAL[^STGS JSÉBGKA[ D[^INÅ[^GKA[
    KAL[^STGS
     KI@KT@IS D@DEDL^A[ ND BTLKGALD[
    KI@KT@IS
    KAEVSACIS
     K AEVSACIS
     RDSGBGKIS
    RDSGBGKIS @I @A[ VSAKDNGEGDL^A[
    [A@TKGÛL EI^DEÉ^GKA[
    ND TLI DKTIKGÛL
     ND^DSEGLIS DSSASD[ ND KÉ@KT@A[
    ND^DSEGLIS
     T[IS MDSSIEGDL^I[ KAEVT^IKGALI@D[ CÉ[GKI[ VISI KÉ@KT@A[ LTEÇSGKA[
    T[IS
     D@ICASIS GLBDSDLKGI[
    D@ICASIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    LØEDSA[
     L ØEDSA[ SDI@D[8 KALKDV^A, SDVSD[DL^IKGAL
    SDVSD[DL^IKGALD[
    D[ (BSIKKGALD[, SIXALD[, NDKGEI@D[, VASKDL^IHD[)
    W VSAVGDNIND[.
     LØEDSA[ KAEV@DHA[8 KALKDV^A, SDVSD[DL^IKGALD[ W AVDSIKGALD[
    LØEDSA[
     AVDSIKGALD[ ISG^EÇ^GKI[8 VSAVGDNIND[ W ASNDL ND @I[ AVDSIKGALD[.
    AVDSIKGALD[
     VSAVASKGALI@GNIN NGSDK^I D GLRDS[I8 KALKDV^A W SDJ@I ND ^SD[
    VSAVASKGALI@GNIN
     JDAED^SÅI8 KALKDV^A[, VA@ÅJALA[, @I KGSKTLBDSDLKGI[ W [Û@GNA[
    JDAED^SÅI8
     ^SGJALAED^SÅI8 KALKDV^A[, SIXALD[, ^DASDEI[ W IV@GKIKGALD[
    ^SGJALAED^SÅI8
     DKTIKGALD[8 EÇ^ANA[ ND [A@TKGÛL
    DKTIKGALD[8
     [G[^DEI[ ND DKTIKGALD[8 KALKDV^A, ^GVA[ W EÇ^ANA[ ND [A@TKGÛL.
    [G[^DEI[
     B
    BTLKGALD[8
    TLKGALD[8 KALKDV^A, SDVSD[DL^IKGALD
    SDVSD[DL^IKGALD[ [ W ^GVA[ (VA@GLÛEGKI[, D]VALDLKGI@D[,
    ^SGJALAEÇ^SGKI[, D^K.)
     RISGIC@D[ D[^INÅ[^GKI[8 KALKDV^A W ^GVA[
    RISGIC@D[
     D[^INÅ[^GKI
    D [^INÅ[^GKI ND[KSGV^ GRI8 EDNGNI[ ND KDL^SI@GNIN (EDNGI, EANI W EDNGILI) W EDNGNI[ ND
    NG[VDS[GÛL (RISGILXI W ND[RGIKGÛL D[^ÉLNIS)
     JSÉBGKA[ D[^INÅ[^GKA[8 NGIJSIEI ND CISSI[, KGSKT@IS, VGK^AJSIEI[ W [DSGD[
    JSÉBGKA[
     ^DASDEI ND VG^ÉJASI[ W ^MI@D[8 KALKDV^A W IV@GKIKGALD[
    ^DASDEI
     KALRDS[GÛL ND TLGNIND[ W [G[^DEI ND EDNGNI[.
    KALRDS[GÛL
     [DEDHILXI W KALJSTDLKGI ND [TVDSBGKGD[ W KTDSVA[.
    [DEDHILXI
     ^ ^SIL[BASEIKGALD[
    SIL[BASEIKGALD[ [ACSD VA@ÅJALA[8 SÅJGNI[ (^SI[@IKGALD[, SA^IKGALD[, SDB@D]GALD[) W
    MAEA^DKGI[ (IEV@GIKGALD[ W SDNTKKGALD[).
     NDSGRINI D GL^DJSI@ ND TLI BTLKGÛL8 KALKDV^A W SDJ@I[
    NDSGRINI
     MAHI[ ND KÉ@KT@A8 KALKDV^A, [GL^I]G[ W IV@GKIKGALD[
    MAHI[

    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL


    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 42 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    VSD[DL^I
     V SD[DL^I @I SD@IKGÛL DL^SD NA[ KIL^GNIND[ A RISGIC@D[ [DJØL @A[ BTLNIEDL^A[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[
     NDBGLD D@ VSAC@DEI I SD[A@RDS ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND [T DL^ASLA.
    NDBGLD
     V@IL^DI
    V @IL^DI DKTIKGALD[ A [G[^DEI[ ND DKTIKGALD[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @ I SD@IKGÛL DL^SD @I[
    RISGIC@D[
     VSD[DL^I [A@TKGÛL I VSAC@DEI[ EDNGIL^D BGJTSI[ JDAEÇ^SGKI[
    VSD[DL^I
     IV@GKI VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ ISG^EÇ^GKA[ W I@JDCSIGKA[ [DJØL D@ VSAC@DEI V@IL^DINA
    IV@GKI
     SD[TD@RD DKTIKGALD[ A [G[^DEI[ ND DKTIKGALD[ ND IKTDSNA KAL VSGLKGVGA[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[
    SD[TD@RD
     KI@KT@I
    K I@KT@I VDSÅE D^SA[, ÉSDI[ W RA@ØEDLD[ ND IK TDSNA KAL @A[ D@DEDL^A[ ND @I BGJTSI
    JDAEÇ^SGKI
     SDI@GXI KALRDS[GALD[ [DJØL @I[ DYTGRI@DLKGI[ DL^SD [G[^DEI[ ND EDNGNI
    SDI@GXI
     SDVSD[DL^I KALHTL^A ND NI^A[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I RISGIC@D D[^INÅ[^GKI
    SDVSD[DL^I
     [
    [D@DKKGALI
    D@DKKGALI @I[ MDSSIEGDL^I[ KAEVT^IKGALI@D[ VISI @I RDSGBGKIKGÛL ND @A[ SD[T@^INA[ ND
    IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[ EI^DEÉ^GKA[.
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8

     @GKDLKGINA DL EI^DEÉ^GKI[ A GLJDLGDSA IBÅL I@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL


    @GKDLKGINA

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8

     EÅLGEA 93 ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI DL NAKDLKGI


    EÅLGEA

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
    NSICIHA
    NAEGLGA
    AEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA
    ^SICIHA
     ^ DL DYTGVA W VSAVA[G^GRA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND Sdsu`tina nd Iprdlngzihd nd `i Glnukkgûl.
    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3>63694;6


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I SD[T@^INA ND IVSDLNGXIHD ND @I GLNTKKGÛL.


    KAEVD^DLKGI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 4: nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)

    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD


    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    GNDL^GBGKIS @I NGLÉEGKI ASJILGXIKGALI@ ND@ [DLI W D@ SA@ ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ GL^DJSI@
    ND IKTDSNA KAL [T VSAWDK^A ND RGNI W D@ ND[ISSA@@A VSABD[GALI@.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
     GGNDL^GBGKIS
    NDL^GBGKIS D@ ND[ISSA@@A MG[^ÛSGKA ND@ [DLI
     GNDL^GBGKIS @I GNDL^GNIN KASVASI^GRI ND@ [DLI
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     ND[KSGCGS @A[ D@DEDL^A[ YTD KALBASEIL @I GEIJDL KASVASI^GRI ND@ [DLI
    ND[KSGCGS
     GNDL^GBGKIS @I D[^STK^TSI ASJILGXIKGALI@ ND @I DL^GNIN
    GNDL^GBGKIS
     ND[KSGCGS
    ND[KSGCGS @I[ LASEI[ ND KALRGRDLKGI YTD SSDJT@IL
    DJT@IL D@ KAEVAS^
    KAEVAS^IEGDL^A
    IEGDL^A ND@ IVSDLNGX, NTSIL^D
    D@ VSAKD[A ND BASEIKGÛL
    N
     ND[KSGCGS
    D[KSGCGS @I[@I
    NGBDSDLKGIS
    GBDSDLKGIS KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
    @I[ ND @I
    [ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[ BASEIKGÛL
    [ ND @I AB VSABD[GALI@
    ABDS^I
    DS^I GL^DJSI@
    ND VSAJSIEI[ ND ND@ [DLI
    BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@
    GL^DJSI@
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS
    EG[GÛL, RG[GÛL, MG[^ASGI GL[^G^TKGALI@, ACHD^GRA[ ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@, VSGLKGVGA[
    Ç^GKA[, RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ W VSAKDNDSD[ Ç^GKA[.
    D@DEDL^A[ ND @I GEIJDL GL[^G^TKGALI@8 D[KTNA, CILNDSI, @AJA[ÅECA@A, MGELA, D[KISIVD@I[.
    D[^STK^TSI ASJILGXIKGALI@ ND@ [DSRGKGA LIKGALI@ ND IVSDLNGXIHD [DLI, VA@Å^GKI[ ND CGDLD[^IS
    I IVSDLNGKD[ W LASEI[ ND KALRGRDLKGI GL^DSLI8 I@^DSLI^GRI[ VISI D@ ND[ISSA@@A ND @I D^IVI
    VSANTK^GRI D^IVI[ ND @I BASEIKGÛL8 ^GVA@AJÅI, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, VSAKDNGEGDL^A. EILTI@ ND
    KALRGRDLKGI, LASEI D[VDKÅBGKI[ ND @A[ KDL^SA[.
    BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ GL^DJSI@8 KALKDV^A, VSGLKGVGA[ W KISIK^DSÅ[^GK
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
    I[. ^GVA[ ND ABDS^I ND
    VSAJSIEI[ ND BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ W [T[ KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
    ^GVA[ ND KDS^GBGKINA ND IKTDSNA KAL @I BASEIKGÛL W NTSIKGÛL ND @A[ VSAJSIEI[ ND
    BASEIKGÛL.
    ND[ISSA@@A ND KAEVD^DLKGI[ DL @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ GL^DJSI@, KALKDV^A, ^GVA[ W
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
    VSAWDK^A BASEI^GRA8 KALKDV^A, BI[D[ IK^GRGNIND[, NDLAEGLIKGÛL, ACHD^GRA[, VAS^IBA@GA ND
    DRGNDLKGI[8 D[^STK^TSI, ^GVA[ ND DRGNDLKGI, BASEI^A, KAL^DLGNA[.
    V@I^IBASEI[ ^DKLA@ÛJGKI[ [DLI8 ^T^ASGI@D[ [DLI8 @E[, [ABGI V@T[, [G[^DEI RGS^TI@ ND
    IVSDLNGKD[ ([RI), JD[^GÛL KAL^SI^A ND IVSDLNGXIHD. KASSDA EG[DLI. VAS^I@D[, SDND[ [AKGI@D[
    ND @I DL^GNIN,
    ST^I ND BASEIKGÛL8 D^IVI @DK^GRI, D^IVI VSÉK^GKI (I@^DSLI^GRI[). NTSIKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
    SDKALAKD
     S DKALAKD @I GNDL^GNIN GL[^G^TKGALI@ W @A[ VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ INEGLG[^SI^GRA[ W BASEI^GRA[.
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI @A[ KAEVALDL^D[ W D[^STK^TSI ND @I BASEIKGAL VSABD[GALI@ GL^DJSI@ [DJØL D@
    VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL W [T VDSBG@ KAEA IVSDLNGX ND@ [DLI
     GLKASVASI I [T VSAWDK^A ND RGNI @I[ AVSA^TLGNIND[ ABSDKGNI[ VAS D@ [DLI
    GLKASVASI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 4= nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
    VISI D@ ND[ISSA@@A GL^DJSI@ ND D[^I KAEVD^DLKGI [D SDYTGDSD @I VIS^GKGVIKGÛL ND@
    GL[^STK^AS ^ÇKLGKA ND@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL, @A[ GL[^STK^ASD[ ND @I[ KAEVD^DLKGI[
    K@IRD W ^SIL[RDS[I@D[, D@ VSABD[GALI@ ND ND[ISSA@@A MTEILA, DYTGVA ND CGDLD[^IS W
    @GNDSIXJA I@ IVSDLNGX, SD@IKGALD[ KASVASI^GRI[, INEGL[^SIKGÛL DNTKI^GRI, KAASNGLINASD[
    EG[GALI@D[ W IKINÇEGKA[ DL KAASNGLIKGÛL KAL D@ [TCNGSDK^AS ND KDL^SA
    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8

     EÅLGEA 93 ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@ DL D@ ÉSDI ACHD^A ND@ ND[DEVDÙA


    EÅLGEA

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
     VSÉK^GKI
    VSÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[, RI@ASD[ W VSAKDNDSD[ Ç^GKA[ ND IKTDSNA KAL D@ KÛNGJA ND
    Ç^GKI GL[^G^TKGALI@
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
     MICG@GNIND[ GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    MICG@GNIND[
     EILDHA ND JSTVA[.
    EILDHA
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-&#=36=?D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA
     KALAKGEGDL^A ND EILTI@ ND GNDL^GNIN KASVASI^GRI [DLI
    KALAKGEGDL^A
     KALAKGEGDL^A ND @I[ VA@Å^GKI[ GL[^G^TKGALI@D[ VISI D@ IVSDLNGX
    KALAKGEGDL^A
     KALAKGEGDL^A ND@ VSAKD[A JD[^GÛL ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ GL^DJSI@
    KALAKGEGDL^A

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD D^IVI VSIK^GKI
    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 777777777


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I
    KAEVD^DLKGI

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ =2> maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)
    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD
    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    IV@GKIS DL @I SD[A@TKGÛL ND VSAC@DEI[ SDI@D[ ND@ [DK^AS VSANTK^GRA, @A[ KALAKGEGDL^A[,
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 47 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    MICG@GNIND[ W ND[^SDXI[ VDS^GLDL^D[ I @I[ KAEVD^DLKGI[ ND@ VSAJSIEI ND BASEIKGÛL


    I[TEGDLNA D[^SI^DJGI[ W ED^ANA@AJÅI[ ND IT^AJD[^GÛL
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[

    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A

    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS

    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL

    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS


    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8

    >.
    >.KAL^DLGNA[
    KAL^DLGNA[ KTSSGKT@ISD[ ND @I KAEVD^DLKGI
    >.9 LASEI / TLGNIN ND T^G@GXIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ GLBASEÉ^GKI[ ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND
    KAEVD^DLKGI EILDHA ND GLBASEIKGÛL.

    >.3 KÛNGJA LASEI ND 3364696>2


    KAEVD^DLKGI @ICASI@

    >.; LAECSD ND @I IV@GKIKGÛL ND ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I KAETLGKIKGÛL


    KAEVD^DLKGI (^GK), ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ DL^ASLA
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 26 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.> NTSIKGÛL EÉ]GEI D[^GEINI VISI D@ @AJSA ND@ >= maris


    IVSDLNGXIHD (Maris)

    >.4 SD[T@^INA[ ND IVSDLNGXIHD


    NDLAEGLIKGÛL
    AV^GEGXIS @A[ SD[T@^INA[, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I RDSGBGKIKGÛL
    DRI@TIS @A[ SD[T@^INA[, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SDYTDSGEGDL^A[.
    IV@GKIS BTLKGALI@GNIND[ ND MDSSIEGDL^I[ W [DSRGKGA[ ^GK, ND IKTDSNA KAL EILTI@D[ ND T[A,
    VSAKDNGEGDL^A[ D[^IC@DKGNA[ W CTDLI[ VSÉK^GKI[.
    I@G[^IS MDSSIEGDL^I[ ND ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I KAETLGKIKGÛL (^GK), ND IKTDSNA
    KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND VSAKD[IEGDL^A ND GLBASEIKGÛL W KAETLGKIKGÛL.
    >.2 KALAKGEGDL^A[
    >.2.9 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND VSAKD[A
     GGNDL^GBGKIS
    NDL^GBGKIS DYTGVA[ ^GK, ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^.
     NG[VALDS DYTGVA[ ^GK, ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^.
    NG[VALDS
     EILDHIS
    EILDHIS KAEVT^INASD[,
    KAEVT^ INASD[, VDSGBÇSGK
    VDSGBÇSGKA[,
    A[, ^IC@D^I[, D
    DYTGVA[
    YTGVA[ EÛRG@D[ W SDVSA
    SDVSANTK^ASD[
    NTK^ASD[ ND EDNGA[
    D@DK^SÛLGKA[.
     IV@GKIS BTLKGALI@GNIND[ ND [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[.
    IV@GKIS
     EILDHIS
    E ILDHIS VSAKD [INAS ND ^D]^ A, MAHI ND KÉ@KT@A, [AB^ZISD VI SI VSD[DL^IKGAL D[,
    NGIJSIEIKGÛL, CI[D[ ND NI^A[ W VSAJSIEI[ D[VDKÅBGKA[.
     T^G@GXIS
    T^G@GXIS EA^ASD[
    EA^ ASD[ ND CØ[YTDNI, LIRDJIKGÛL, KASSDA D@ D@DK^SÛLGKA,
    DK^SÛLGKA, ^SIL[BDSDLKGI ND ISKMGRA[,
    KMI^, @G[^I[ ND KASSDA[, C@AJ[, ZGOG[, BASA[ ZDC, [VIKD[, JSTVA[ ND LA^GKGI[, ^D@DBALÅI GV,
    ^D@DRG[GÛL GV, KAEVSIS DL GL^DSLD^, D-@DISLGLJ, EISOD^GLJ NGJG^I@, ^SICIHA KA@ICASI^GRA,
    KAEVT^IKGÛL DL @I LTCD, SDND[ [AKGI@D[ W RGNDAKALBDSDLKGI VAS GL^DSLD^.
     EILDHIS MDSSIEGDL^I[ KA@ICASI^GRI[ DL GL^DSLD^
    EILDHIS
     RI@ASIS SD[T@^INA[ AC^DLGNA[
    RI@ASIS
     IV@GKIS VSAKD[A[ ND EDHASI
    IV@GKIS
    >.2.3 KALAKGEGDL^A[ ND@ [ICDS

    ^DKLA@AJÅI8
     ^
     MDKLA@AJÅI8
    MDSSIEGDL^I[
    DSSIEGDL^I[KALKDV^A, ^GVA[,
    ^GK8 K@I[D[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, T[A[
     ^DKLA@AJÅI[
    ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I@ I GLBASEIKGÛL W @@I
    I KAETLGKIKGÛL8 KALKDV^A, KAEVALDL^D[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    K@I[GBGKIKGÛL, T[A[, ^DLNDLKGI[.
     DYTGVA[ W VDSGBÇSGKA[ ^GK8
    DYTGVA[
     KAEVT^INAS8 KALKDV^A, ISYTG^DK^TSI, BTLKGALIEGDL^A, ^GVA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
    KAEVT^INAS8
     VDSGBÇSGKA[8 KALKDV^A, K@I[GBGKIKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, BTLKGALIEGDL^A.
    VDSGBÇSGKA[8
     A
    A^SA[
    ^SA[ (^IC@D^I[, DYTGVA[ EÛRG@D[, SDVSANTK^ASD[ ND EDNGA[ D@DK^SÛLGKA[)8 KALKDV^A,
    BTLKGALIEGDL^A, ^GVA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[
     SDND[ ND NI^A[8 KALKDV^A, KALDK^GRGNIN, ^GVA[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, T[A[, [DSRGKGA[.
    SDND[
     [AB^ZISD8 KALKDV^A, MDSSIEGDL^I[, BTLKGALD[, VSAVGDNIND[.
    [AB^ZISD8
     ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD8
    ^GVA[
     [AB^ZISD ND [G[^DEI ([G[^DEI AVDSI^GRA)8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[, BTLKGALD[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, T[A[.
    [AB^ZISD
     [AB^ZISD
    [AB^ZISD ND IV@GKIKGÛL
    IV@ GKIKGÛL (VSAKD[INAS ND ^ ^D]^A,
    D]^A, MAHI ND KÉ@KT@A, VSAJSIEI ND VSD[DL^IKGÛL,
    CI[D ND NI^A[, NGIJSIEIKGÛL, [AB^ZISD D[VDKÅBGKA)8 KALKDV^A, K@I[D[, BTLKGALD[,
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[,
    [AB^ZISD
     [ T[A[. KALKDV^A, K@I[D[, BTLKGALD[, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[, T[A[.
    AB^ZISD ND ND[ISSA@@A8
     GL^DSLD^8
    GL^DSLD^8
     NDBGLGKGÛL, MG[^ASGI, DRA@TKGÛL, ISYTG^DK^TSI, T^G@GNIND[.
    NDBGLGKGÛL,
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 29 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    KALD]GÛL8
     K ALD]GÛL8 ^GVA[, KALBGJTSIKGÛL, KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     MDSSIEGDL^I[ KA@ICASI^GRI[.
    MDSSIEGDL^I[
     [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^8
    [DSRGKGA[
     (LIRDJIKGÛL,
    (LIRDJIKGÛL, KASSDA D@DK^SÛLGKA, ^SIL[BDSDLKGI ND ISKMGRA[, CØ[YTDNI[, @G[^I[ ND KASSDA[,
    JSTVA[ ND LA^GKGI[, KMI^[, C@AJ[, ZGOG[, BASA[ ZDC, [VIKD[, SDND[ [AKGI@D[, GL^DSKIECGA ND
    ISKMGRA[ V3V, ^D@DBALÅI RAGV, ^D@DRG[GÛL GV^R, KAEVSIS DL GL^DSLD^, D-@DISLGLJ, EISOD^GLJ
    NGJG^I@, ^SICIHA KA@ICASI^GRA, KAEVT^IKGÛL DL @I LTCD)8 KALKDV^A, SDYTDSGEGDL^A[, ^GVA[,
    T^G@GNIND[, IV@GKIKGALD[, RDL^IHI[, ND[RDL^IHI[.
     RDSGBGKIKGÛL ND SD[T@^INA[8 ACHD^A, ^ÇKLGKI[.
    RDSGBGKIKGÛL
     AV^GEGXIKGÛL8 NDBGLGKGÛL, ACHD^A, GEV@DEDL^IKGÛL.
    AV^GEGXIKGÛL8
    >.: KSG^DSGA[ ND DRI@TIKGÛL
     GGNDL^GBGKI
    NDL^GBGKI DYTGVA[ ^GK, ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[
    LDKD[GNIND[ ND T[A.
     KAEVISI
    K AEVISI DYTGVA[ ^GK, ^GVA[ ND [AB ^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[
    KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     D[KAJD
    D [KAJD DYTGVA[ ^GK, ^GVA[ ND [AB^ZISD W [DSRGKGA[ ND GL^DSLD^, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[
    LDKD[GNIND[ ND VSAKD[IEGDL^A ND GLBASEIKGÛL W KISIK^DSÅ[^GKI[.
     EILDHI
    E ILDHI KAEVT^I NASD[, ^IC@D^ I[, KD@T@ISD[ W A^SA[ DYTGVA[ ^GK, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[
    BTLKGALI@GNIND[ ND @A[ EG[EA[.
     IV@GKI
    I V@GKI BTLKGALI@GNIND[ ND [G[^DEI[ AVDSI^GRA[, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND
    INEGLG[^SIKGÛL ND @A[ SDKTS[A[ ND@ DYTGVA.
     EILDHI VSAKD[INAS ND ^D]^A, MAHI ND KÉ@KT@A, [AB^ZISD VISI VSD[DL^IKGALD[, NGIJSIEIKGÛL,
    EILDHI
    CI[D[ ND NI^A[ W [AB^ZISD D[VDKÅBGKA, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ BTLKGALI@GNIND[ ND KINI
    VSAJSIEI W @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND EILDHA ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL.
     T^G@GXI
    T^G@GXI EA^ASD[ ND CØ[YTDNI, LIRDJIKGÛL, KASSDA D@DK^SÛLGKA, ^SIL[BDSDLKGI ND ISKMGRA[,
    KMI^, @G[^I[ ND KASSDA[, C@AJ[, ZGOG[, BASA[ ZDC, [VIKD[, JSTVA[ ND LA^GKGI[, ^D@DBALÅI GV,
    ^D@DRG[GÛL GV, KAEVSIS DL GL^DSLD^, D-NDISLGLJ, EISOD^GLJ NGJG^I@, ^SICIHA KA@ICASI^GRA,
    KAEVT^IKGÛL DL @I LTCD, SDND[ [AKGI@D[ W RGNDAKALBDSDLKGI VAS GL^DSLD^, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[
    LDKD[GNIND[ ND GLBASEIKGÛL W KAETLGKIKGÛL.
     VIS^GKGVI DL SDND[ [AKGI@D[, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND KAETLGKIKGÛL.
    VIS^GKGVI
     EILDHI
    EILDHI MDSSIEGDL^I[ KA@ICASI^GRI[ DL GL^DSLD^, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ LDKD[GNIND[ ND@ DYTGVA
    ND ^SICIHA.
     KAEVSTDCI D@ BTLKGALIEGDL^A ND @A[ DYTGVA[, VSANTK^A[ A [DSRGKGA[ AC^DLGNA[ KAL D@ T[A ND
    KAEVSTDCI
    MDSSIEGDL^I[ ^GK, ND IKTDSNA KAL @A[ SD[T@^INA[ D[VDSINA[.
     IV@GKI VSAKD[A[ ND EDHASI I @A[ VSANTK^A[, ND IKTDSNA KAL @I[ KAEVSACIKGALD[ SDI@GXINI[.
    IV@GKI
    >.= VDSBG@ ND@ GL[^STK^AS
    >.=.9 Sdqugsgtas Ikinçegkas8
     ^
    ^DKLÛ@AJA
    DKLÛ@AJA A VSABD[GALI@ DL ÉSDI[ IB GLD[ KAL ^ DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKG ÛL W @I
    KAETLGKIKGÛL.

    >.=.3 Dxpdrgdlkgi `icari` y/a dspdkgi`gzikgûl8


    EÅLGEA, NGDKGAKMA (9=) ED[D[ ND D]VDSGDLKGI @ICASI@, ND @A[ KTI@D[ NAKD (93) ED[D[ D[^ISÉL
    SD@IKGALINA[ KAL D@ DHDSKGKGA ND @I VSABD[GÛL T ABGKGA ACHD^A ND @I BASEIKGÛL VSABD[GALI@ W
    [DG[ (2) ED[D[ DL @ICASD[ ND NAKDLKGI DL D@ ÉSDI.
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 23 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    >.=.; Kaepdtdlkgis8
    VSÉK^GKI
     V SÉK^GKI ND VSGLKGVGA[ W RI@ASD[ Ç^GKA[ TLGRDS[I@D[.
     NG[VA[GKGÛL I@ KIECGA.
    NG[VA[GKGÛL
    MICG@GNIND[
     M
     EICG@GNIND[
    EILDHA GLRD[^GJI^GRI[.
    ILDHA ND JSTVA[.
     @GNDSIXJA
    @GNDSIXJA
     KAETLGKIKGÛL DBGKIX W I[DS^GRI
    KAETLGKIKGÛL
     NAEGLGA @DK^A-D[KSG^TSI@
    NAEGLGA
     NAEGLGA ISJTEDL^I^GRA W VSAVA[G^GRA
    NAEGLGA
     ^SICIHA DL DYTGVA.
    ^SICIHA
     EILDHA ND @I[ ^GK
    EILDHA

    >.7 EI^DSGI@D[ ND BASEIKGÛL

    ^gpa Eitdrgi` Ndskrgpkgûl nd` Eitdrgi` Kangbgkikgûl ASGAL[ Tlgninds Kiltgnin

    Carrinar piri tic`dra, carrinar tic`dra


    ikrå`gka spdotri tgpa d`dedlta kalsuea 3;;=;; TLGNIN 9
    Kalsuegc`d
    tieiùa l.i. ulgnin nd edngni ulgnin
    eitdrgi` eindri
    Carrinar piri tic`dra, carrinar tic`dra
    ikrå`gka spdotri tgpa d`dedlta kalsuea 3;;=;; TLGNIN 96
    Kalsuegc`d
    tieiùa l.i. ulgnin nd edngni ulgnin
    eitdrgi` eindri
    ^ic`dra nd ikrå`gka, tic`dra dl ikrå`gka
    ndskrgpkgûl iktui`8 tgpa d`dedlta TLGNIN 9
    ndva`utgva usa l.i. ulgnin nd edngni
    Ndva`utgva ulgnin kiriktdråstgki l.i. dspdkgbgkikgûl 34=4>3
    l.i. ngedlsgûl 936 kes x =6 kes
    eitdrgi` ikrå`gka kal sapartd

    ^glti tgpa d`dedlta kalsuea


    prdsdltikgûl l.i. usa eirkinar TLGNIN 96
    Kalsuegc`d 3;976=
    rdkirjic`d ulgnin nd edngni ulgnin
    ka`ar ldjra
    Eirkinar tgpa d`dedlta kalsuea usa
    Kalsuegc`d l.i. ulgnin nd edngni ulgnin 3>>2=3 TLGNIN 96
    kiriktdråstgki rdkirjic`d ka`ar ldjra

    >.96 SDBDSDL^D[ CGC@GAJSÉBGKA[ VISI @I KAEVD^DLKGI ND BASEIKGÛL


    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 2; nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    2. KAL^SA@ ND@ NAKTEDL^A

    LAECSD KISJA NDVDLNDLKGI / SDN BDKMI


    KDL^SA ND
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA ^D@DGLBASEÉ^GKI W 63/99/3693
    Iutar MTECDS^A VA@ILKA A[ASGA
    KTSSGKT@IS VSANTKKGÛL
    GLNT[^SGI@. SDJGALI@
    K@ITNGI EISKD@I VASSI[ KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W
    Iutar AS^GX IVSACIS ILI@G[G[ JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 63/99/3693
    SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI
    KDL^SA VISI @I
    GLNT[^SGI 94/99/3693
    Iutar ZG@[AL EA[KA^D GL[^STK^AS
    VD^SAYTGEGKI.
    SDJGALI@ CA@ÅRIS

    Iutar HMALLW I@CDS^A ISGXI GL[^STK^AS KDL^SA


    KA@AECALIKGALI@
    I@DEIL. 94/99/3693
    SDJGALI@ I^@ÉL^GKA
    KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[
    Iutar NASI DEEI SIEGSDX IK^GRIS VSAJSIEI BGLILKGDSA[. SDJGALI@ 3;/69/369;
    [DSIBGLAB NG[^SG^A KIVG^I@
    Ipracikgûl
    K@ITNGI EISKD@I VASSI[ KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W 6;/93/3693
    AS^GX JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@.

    KAL^SA@ ND KIECGA[

    LAECSD KISJA NDVDLNDLKGI / SDN BDKMI


    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W 93/6:/369:
    JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@.
    RD@I[YTDX KTSSGKT@IS SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI

    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W
    JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 93/6:/369:
    RD@I[YTDX KTSSGKT@IS SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI

    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    RD@I[YTDX IVSACIS ILI@G[G[ JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 97/6:/369:
    SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 2> nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    RD@I[YTDX IVSACIS ILI@G[G[ JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 97/6:/369:
    SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKM YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 34/67/369:

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKM YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 34/67/369:

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 37/99/369:

    Sdspalsic`d 37/99/369:
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@

    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl IVSACIS JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 97/93/369:
    RD@I[YTDX SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI
    VSAJSIEI

    Sdspalsic`d NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl IVSACIS JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 97/93/369:
    RD@I[YTDX
    VSAJSIEI SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 34/62/369=

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 34/62/369=

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 39/67/369=

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl A@JI EG@DLI JIEDX [AKMI YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA lu``. NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@ 39/67/369=

    Sdspalsic`d DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W 32/67/369=


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl @G@GILI EISGI JI@DILA XDI KTSSGKT@IS JD[^GAL
    SDJGALI@DEVSD[ISGI@.
    IL^GAYTGI
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 24 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl @G@GILI EISGI JI@DILA XDI
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W
    JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@. 32/67/369=
    KTSSGKT@IS SDJGALI@ IL^GAYTGI

    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl EISG^XI BIS@DW EALNSIJAL
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND GLNT[^SGI W
    KAL[^STKKGAL. ;9/6:/3697
    KTSSGKT@IS SDJGALI@ ^A@GEI
    KDL^SA ND ^DKLA@AJÅI
    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ EITSGKGA AS^GX DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA ND @I EILTBIK^TSI ;9/6:/3697
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    EASI@D[ KTSSGKT@IS IRILXINI.. SDJGALI@
    IL^GAYTGI
    KDL^SA ND
    Sdspalsic`d DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA ^D@DGLBASEÉ^GKI W ;9/6:/3697
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl MDLSW DNTISNA CI[^GNI[
    KTSSGKT@IS VSANTKKGÛL
    GLNT[^SGI@. SDJGALI@
    Sdspalsic`d NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@. ;9/6:/3697
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl DNJIS JAEDX SANSGJTDX YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    KDL^SA ND ^DKLA@AJÅI
    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ EITSGKGA AS^GX DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA ND @I EILTBIK^TSI ;9/6:/3697
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    EASI@D[ KTSSGKT@IS IRILXINI.. SDJGALI@
    IL^GAYTGI
    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl EISG^XI BIS@DW EALNSIJAL
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA KDL^SA ND GLNT[^SGI W
    KAL[^STKKGAL. ;9/6:/3697
    KTSSGKT@IS SDJGALI@ ^A@GEI
    KDL^SA ND
    Sdspalsic`d DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA ^D@DGLBASEÉ^GKI W ;9/6:/3697
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl MDLSW DNTISNA CI[^GNI[
    KTSSGKT@IS VSANTKKGÛL
    GLNT[^SGI@. SDJGALI@
    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl DNJIS JAEDX SANSGJTDX YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@.
    NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    ;9/6:/3697

    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ BD@GVD RI@DLKGI


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    VGEGDL^I YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@.
    NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    64/63/3636

    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ BD@GVD RI@DLKGI


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    VGEGDL^I YTG^IS [T[VDLNGNA NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@.
    NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    64/63/3636

    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ BD@GVD RI@DLKGI NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@. 6:/63/3636


    nd `i Sdvgsgûl VGEGDL^I IK^GRIS VSAJSIEI NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    :/6;/36 6=893 IE Véjgli 22 nd   2:

    @ÅLDI ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL W @I[ KAETLGKIKGALD[


    JD[^GÛL ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL
    SDN ^DKLA@ÛJGKI8 ^DKLA@AJÅI[ ND @I GLBASEIKGÛL, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A ND
    [AB^ZISD
    SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A8 SDN ND KALAKGEGDL^A DL GLBASEÉ^GKI, NG[DÙA W ND[ISSA@@A
    ND [AB^ZISD

    KDL^SA ND
    D@DK^SGKGNIN,
    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ KIEG@A YTGL^DSA DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA D@DK^SÛLGKI W 6:/63/3636
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    [IL^A[ KTSSGKT@IS ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.
    SDJGALI@ NG[^SG^A
    KIVG^I@
    KDL^SA ND
    D@DK^SGKGNIN,
    Sdspalsic`d EISGA ILNSD[ SANSGJTDX 6:/63/3636
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl IVSACIS D@DK^SÛLGKI W
    @AVDX ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.
    VSAJSIEI SDJGALI@ NG[^SG^A
    KIVG^I@
    KDL^SA ND
    D@DK^SGKGNIN,
    Sdspalsic`d EISGA ILNSD[ SANSGJTDX 6:/63/3636
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl IVSACIS D@DK^SÛLGKI W
    @AVDX ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.
    VSAJSIEI SDJGALI@ NG[^SG^A
    KIVG^I@
    KDL^SA ND
    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ KIEG@A YTGL^DSA D@DK^SGKGNIN,
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA D@DK^SÛLGKI W 6:/63/3636
    [IL^A[ KTSSGKT@IS ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.
    SDJGALI@ NG[^SG^A
    KIVG^I@
    Sdspalsic`d ILNSD[ BD@GVD RI@DLKGI
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl
    VGEGDL^I IK^GRIS VSAJSIEI NGSDKKGAL JDLDSI@.
    NGSDKKGÛL JDLDSI@
    6:/63/3636

    KDL^SA ND @I
    Sdspalsic`d
    nd `i Sdvgsgûl EG@^AL EILKG@@I JT^GDSSDX
    DYTGVA ND NG[DÙA GLLARIKGÛL, @I 96/63/3636
    IJSAGLNT[^SGI W @I
    KTSSGKT@IS IRGIKGÛL. SDJGALI@
    IL^GAYTGI
    Ipracikgûl NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA
    RD@I[YTDX KDL^SA
    JD[^GALND [DSRGKGA[ W
    DEVSD[ISGI@. 97/93/369:
    Ipracikgûl
    NGDJA I@DHILNSA EASDLA KDL^SA ND [DSRGKGA[ W 97/93/369:
    RD@I[YTDX JD[^GAL DEVSD[ISGI@.
    KDL^SA ND
    Ipracikgûl
    EISGA ILNSD[ SANSGJTDX D@DK^SGKGNIN, 6:/63/3636
    @AVDX D@DK^SÛLGKI W
    ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.
    KDL^SA ND
    Ipracikgûl
    EISGA ILNSD[ SANSGJTDX D@DK^SGKGNIN, 6:/63/3636
    @AVDX D@DK^SÛLGKI W
    ^D@DKAETLGKIKGALD[.

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