DE @A R^LEFLRG@; Dv Dvgf
gfûg
ûg Yr
Yrgs
gs`g
`gia
ia?? R^LCD^  AY^AVL; Gfacpg÷g
iafu
iafucd
cde
eta
tass, VDMTEIA AY^AVL; Jarcg id Eatljlfgflöe? YD^FD^
AY^AVL; Rgtraflela y Raidr.

V. K. @. id @ (7») Kuzmgia id Jgcl`lg id Vgetlgma.

CG^F
CG^FD
D@G G@DKG
@DKGEI
EI^G
^G JD^^
^^D
DL^
L^A
A FGC
FGCRND
ND@@
@@,, fhl`de
fhl`deg,
g, fgs
fgsgig
gig,,
Rslfö`amg, iaclfl`lgia de G`clrgetd Nyri E² >2>7, facueg id Rravlideflg ,
Vgetlgma, fìiu`g egflaeg` id lidetligi E» 76.>=2.=62-8, de gutas sanrd
Idcgeig id rdngkg id pdeslöe id g`lcdetas, fgrgtu`gias ‐GVYA^MG fae
JD^^DL^A–, fgusg ^LY F-9<=6->27> ? g TV. rdspdtuasgcdetd ilma;
Wud vdema, idetra id p`gza de dvgfugr trgs`gia faejdrlia g dstg pgrtd, id

gfudri
gfudria
a g `g sa`lf
sa`lfltu
ltui
i rdg
rdg`lz
`lzgig
gig par d` idcgei
idcgeiget
getdd id gutas,
gutas, id rdngkg
pravlsarlg id `as g`lcdetas, sa`lfltgeia sd rdfhgfd id gfudria g `as
jueigcdetas qud dxpaema;
De prlcdr `umgr V.V., idna hgfdr prdsdetd qud `g pdeslöe id g`lcdetas
gftug`cdetd vlmdetd y, g `g qud sd defudetrg an`lmgia d` idcgeigetd, ea
sd hg jlkgig a idfrdtgig par TV., slea qud cuy par d` faetrgrla, jud jlkgig
id facûe gfudria y praiufta id `g cdilgflöe qud sd ``dvö g fgna, tg`
faca `a sd÷g`g d` Vr. Gstarmg de su idcgeig, de d` cds id eavldcnrd
id >277.
Id dstg cgedrg, id gfudria g `a sd÷g`gia prdfdidetdcdetd, sd idsprdeide
vgrlas puetas qud sd hgfd edfdsgrla gf`grgr y hgfdr prdsdetd g jle id qud
sd rdfhgfd `g sa`lfltui id rdngkg id pdeslöe id g`lcdetas y, qud gidcçs
sdrvlrç id jueigcdeta pgrg `g faetdstgflöe id `g idcgeig, idrdfha qud
pdrslstd y `a hgrì idetra id` p`gza qud `g @dy cd atarmg pgrg d``a, tg`ds
faca;
7.-  Wud tg` fa
faca
ca `a sd÷g`
d÷g`g
g `g @d
@dyy E» 7<
7<.<
.<:
:8, de su grt
rtãf
ãfu`
u`a
a 726
726,
detdeidcas par Cdilgflöe  g ‐gqud` slstdcg id rdsa`uflöe id faej`lftas, de 

7
 

d` qud ue tdrfdra lcpgrflg`… gyuig g `gs pgrt

pgrtds
ds g nus
nusfgr
fgr par sã clscgs
ueg sa`uflöe g` faej`lfta y sus djdftas cdilgetd gfudrias– . 
De d` clsca sdetlia, tg` faca faetdcp`g `g clscg @dy, de su grtãfu`a
724, iurgetd d` prafdsa id cdilgflöe idnd vd`grsd par d` fucp`lcldeta id
fldrtas prleflplas, de pgrtlfu`gr, hgma rdjdrdeflg g `as prleflplas id id
Lmug`igi y id Za`uetgrldigi, par fugeta ds g pgrtlr id` geç`lsls id dstas
prleflplas y id `g idjlelflöe qud `g @dy eas ig id Cdilgflöe, ds qud sd
idsprd
idsprdeid
eid,, `g lefaeslstdeflg de `as grmucdetas id` idcgeigetd, g`
sd÷g`gr qud faefurrlö g `g sdslöe id cdilgflöe, ‐idsfaeafldeia `as
g`fge
g`fgefds
fds `dmg`d
`dmg`ds
s y sle gsdsar
gsdsargrs
grsd
d kurãil
kurãilfg
fgcde
cdetd– , sgnl
td– sgnlde
deia
ia qud
qud `g
jleg`ligi id ilfha prafdsa, ds kustgcdetd, qud `gs pgrtds de lmug`igi id
faei
faeilf
lfla
laed
eds,
s, pudi
pudige
ge nu
nusf
sfgr
gr pa
parr d`
d``g
`gss cl
clsc
scgs
gs ueg
ueg sa`u
sa`ufl
flöe
öe g su
suss
faej`lftas, puildeia rdtlrgrsd id ilfha prafdsa, de fug`quldr cacdeta, sle
defaetrgrsd an`lmgias g ``dmgr g ue gfudria

Gsã dxpudsta TV., jud d` clsca idcgeigetd id dstas gutas, qud fae jdfhg
>: id eavldcnrd id >277 y, tg` faca `a sd÷g`g d` Gftg id Gfudria id
Cdil
Cdilgf
gflö
löe
e qud gf
gfac
acpg
pg÷a
÷a de ue at
atra
rasã
sã,, id
idfl
flil
ilö
ö ‐`l
‐`lnrd
nrd,, va`uet
va`uetgrl
grlg
g d 
lejarcgigcdetd, sacdtdr g cdilgflöe `gs cgtdrlgs id g`lcdetas…– 
y ‐ F
Fae
ae d` ankdta id dvltgr ue jutura `ltlmla y pdesgeia de d` nlde 
supdrlar id `as hlkas … `as facpgrdfldetd vldede de dstd gfta y de 
 jarcg va`uetgrlg   g rd
rdmu
mu`g
`grr `a
`as
s g`lc
g`lcde
detas…,, an`
tas… an`lmç
lmçeia
eiasd
sd g pgmgr
pgmgr par
faefdpta id pdeslöe id g`lcdetas ueg sucg pramrdslvg qud, g pgrtlr id`
cds id cgya id >27> y de gid`getd, farrdspaeid g 9,<4 Lemrdsas Cãelcas
^dcuedrgflaeg`ds, pdeslöe qud sd rdgkustgrç id gfudria g` grtãfu`a =» id
`g @dy E» 79.<28 y, gidcçs sd an`lmö qud, de d` fgs
gsa
a id qud
qud d`
idcgeigetd, fudetd fae lemrdsas dxtrgs a su fgpgfligi id gharra sd `a
pdrcltg, lefrdcdetgrç d` caeta id `g pdeslöe cdesug` yg sdg id cgedrg
afgs
afgsla
laeg
eg`` a pd
pdrl
rlöi
öilf
lfg
g y, de d` fg
fgsa
sa id faet
faetgr
gr fa
fae
e pgma
pgmass dx
dxtr
trgs
gs sd
facp
facpra
racd
cdtl
tlö
ö g rdg`
rdg`lz
lzgr
gr d` pg
pgma
ma id `g cltg
cltgi
i id d`
d``a
`ass par
par fa
faef
efdp
dpta
ta id
pdes
pdeslö
löe
e id g`lc
g`lcde
deta
tas,
s, an`
an`lmç
lmçei
eiasd
asd `lnrd
`lnrd y va`
va`uet
uetgrl
grlgcd
gcdetd
etd,, de dsd
detaef
detaefds,
ds, vd`
vd`ge
geia
ia par d` let
letdrì
drìs
s id `as trd
trds
s hlk
hlkas
as cgtrlc
cgtrlcael
aelg`d
g`ds,
s,
Ndekgcãe, Zlfdetd y Cgltd, taias Gstarmg Jdrrdlra .

>
 

>.- De d` clsca sdetlia y, id gfudria g` grtãfu`a 8» id` Föilma Flvl`, d`

idcgeigetd
idcgeigetd ea pudid dxfus
dxfusgrsd
grsd g fucp`
fucp`lr
lr d` pgma id `gs pdeslaeds
pdeslaeds g `gs
qud sd an`lmö va`uetgrlgcdetd, giufldeia idsfaeaflcldeta id `as g`fgefds
`dmg`ds
`dmg`ds id` prafd
prafdsa
sa id Cdilgflöe
Cdilgflöe,, sl egild pudid g`dmgr lmeargeflg
lmeargeflg id @dy
`udma id qud dstg hgyg detrgia de vlmdeflg, cçs gûe de su fg`ligi id
prajds
prajdslae
laeg`,
g`, tgeta
tgeta uelvdr
uelvdrslt
sltgrl
grla
a faca
faca id Rastmr
Rastmrgia
gia (C
(Cgmã
gmãstd
stdr)
r) fursgi
fursgia
a
facp`dtgcdetd.
6.- Rar atrg pgrtd, tgeta d` prleflpla id Gutaeacãg id `g va`uetgi fae d` id
Nudeg Jd rlmde y, sae `as qud sd tacgrae de fudetg g` cacdeta id
fd`dnrgr d` gfudria de d` prafdsa id Cdilgflöe, par `a qud d` idcgeigetd,
sd faetrgilfd y rdvd`g `g cg`g jd fae `g qud dstç gftugeia, g` sastdedr qud
hay sd defudetrg an`lmgia g pgmgr cçs id` 42% id sus lemrdsas, sldeia
qud de ngsd g` prleflpla id gutaeacãg id `g va`uetgi `gs pgrtds gfarigrae
`g pdes
pdeslö
löe
e id g`lc
g`lcde
deta
tass vlmd
vlmdet
etd,
d, vd`g
vd`gei
eia
a pa
parr d` le
letd
tdrì
rìss id sus
sus hl
hlka
kas,
s,

faeafldeia d` idcgeigetd, g` iãg >= id eavldcnrd id >277, d` caeta id

su rdcuedrgflöe, gsfdeidetd g $>.>:=.222.- nruta gpraxlcgias, idnlia g
qud tg` faca `a sd÷g`ge `gs `lquligflaeds gfacpg÷gigs, d` Vr. Gstarmg
lemrdsö g trgngkgr d` iãg 27 id gmasta id >277, dsta ds, ``dvgng trgngkgeia
fgsl trds cdsds fugeia sd an`lmö g` pgma id `g pdeslöe id `g qud hay
sa`lfltg sd rdngkd, faeafldeia tg` faca faestg de d` gftg, qud de cgya id
>27>, tdeirãg qud pgmgr g` cdeas `g sucg id $<22.<22.-, hgnldeia dstgia
id gfudria gidcçs qud ilfhg sucg sd rdgkustgrãg de ku`la id >27>.
Id dsta û`tlca, sd idsprdeid `g letdeflöe cgeljldstg id an`lmgrsd g` pgma
id ueg
ueg pd
pdes
eslö
löe
e g`lc
g`lcde
detl
tlfl
flg
g sl
sle
e `g va`u
va`uet
etgi
gi id qudr
qudrdr
dr fucp
fucp`l
`lr`
r`g,
g,
lejrlemldeia idrdfhgcdetd `g earcg id` grtãfu`a 749: id` Föilma Flvl`, qud
faetdcp`g `g nudeg jd, fae qud idnde dkdfutgrsd `as gftas nl`gtdrg`ds,
faca `a ds `g trgesgfflöe fd`dnrgig detrd `gs pgrtds.
Gsã dxpudsta,
dxpudsta, d` Vr. Gstarmg, sd facpracdt
facpracdtlö
lö g g`ma fae `g f`grg letd
letdeflö
eflöe
e
id ea fucp`lr`a, fae çelca id demg÷gr y hgfdr frddr qud fucp`lrãg sus
an`lmgflaeds fae eudstras hlkas, faca ue nude pgird.
9.- ^dspdfta g` fgcnla jueigcdetg` id `gs flrfuestgeflgs fae `gs qud
idcgeigetd ngsg su prdtdeslöe, sd idnd tdedr de fudetg par TV., qud de

6
 

d` pr
prlc
lcdr
dr pu
puet
eta
a dx
dxpu
puds
dsta
ta,, dsta
dsta ds,
ds, d` el
elvd
vd`` id deid
deidui
uigc
gcld
ldet
eta
a id`
id` Vr.
Vr.
Gstarmg, `a slmuldetd;
Wud kgcçs vlvlcas id `as gharras id` Vr. Gstarmg, cuy par d` faetrgrla,
cldetrgs sd defaetrgng fdsgetd idsid d` >22<, puds jul ya qulde cgetuvd
de cgyar cdilig `as mgstas id` hamgr y id eudstras trds hlkas tg` faca `a
prangrì de su apartueligi.
Vle dcngrma,
dcngrma, `a cçs lcpartgetd
lcpartgetd de dstd pueta sae ias fasgs, `g prlcdrg,
prlcdrg,
qud tg` faca `a rdfaeafd d` idcgeigetd, d` elvd` id deiduigcldeta id`
qud hgfd g`uslöe, `a giqulrlö GEYDV ID EAZLDCN^D ID >277, ì` clsca
rdfaeafd qud idsid d` g÷a >22<, par `a qud ea dxlstd ue fgcnla id
flrfuestgeflgs de `a sustgeflg`, par `a qud sd idnd rdfhgzgr `g rdngkg
pravlsarlg id `as g`lcdetas, puds d` idcgeigetd, fd`dnrö `g trgesgfflöe
fae `g clscg fgrmg jlegefldrg qud grrgstrgng hgfd 6 g÷as y qud g` pgrdfdr
`a slmud hgfldeia, ea anstgetd, tuva su arlmde fae cufhg getdrlarligi g `g

fd`dnrgflöe id `g trgesgfflöe.
De d` clsca sdetl
sdetlia,
ia, rdspdfta g `g fgrmg id iduigs id` idcgeigetd,
idcgeigetd, dstd
fgd de ue mrgvd y nuria drrar g` sd÷g`gr qud su ‐elvd` id deiduigcldeta 
lcpartgetd de d` slstdcg
slstdcg jlegefldra qu
qud
d hay gsfldeid g fgsa $7:.222.222.– ,
$7:.222.222.– 
`a qud de `g rdg`ligi ds fgsl `g cltgi id `a qud sd÷g`g, par fugeta, tg`
faca sd `dd f`grgcdetd id` fdrtljlfgia id `g Vupdrletdeideflg id Ngefas d
Lest
Lestlt
ltuf
ufla
laed
edss Jl
Jleg
egef
efld
ldrg
rgs,
s, su idui
iduig
g il
ilrd
rdft
ftg
g ds id $8.=
$8.=24
24.2
.222
22.-
.- y, d`
idtg``d id `gs `ãedgs id frìilta vlmdetds EA TYL@L[GIGV, faefdpta qud
lef`uyd fupa ilspaeln`d de tgrkdtgs id frìilta id faesuca, `ãedgs id
sanrdm
sanrdmlra
lra de ftg.
ftg. ftd
ftd.. y atras
atras slcl`g
slcl`grd
rds,
s, gsf
gsflde
ldeid
id g $74
$74.<=
.<=2.2
2.222
22.-
.-
 Kustgcdetd V.V. ds taia `a faetrgrla g `a qud idcgeigetd quldrd sd÷g`gr,
ea tlded ueg iduig id $7:.222.222.-
$7:.222.222.- slea qud, pasdd id g`mueg jarcg
frìiltas de `as Ngefas NFL y Farpngefg, par `g sucg id $74.<=2.222.-
$74.<=2.222.-
VLE TYL@L[G^, `a qud f`grgcdetd ea faestltuyd iduig.
4.- Rar atrg pgrtd, rdspdfta g `g sdmueig flrfuestgeflg qud sd÷g`g faca
jueigcdeta pgrg d` fgcnla jueigcdetg` id `gs flrfuestgeflgs, ds hgndr
grrdeigia d` idpgrtgcdeta >29 unlfgia de fg``d @gs Zla`dtgs E» >>94,
facueg id Rravlideflg, Vgetlgma. Vle dcngrma, V.V. tgcpafa dxlstd ue

9
 

fgcnla sustgeflg` de dstg flrfuestgeflg, par fugeta d` idcgeigetd \G VD

DEFA
DEFAEY
EY^G
^GNG
NG ZLZL
ZLZLDE
DEIA
IA DE IL
ILFH
FHA
A IA
IACL
CLFL
FL@L
@LA
A G@ CACD
CACDEY
EYA
A ID
FD@DN^G^ @G Y^GEVGFFLAE ID JDFHG >: ID EAZLDCN^D ID >277,
tg`` fa
tg faca
ca fa
fae
est
stg
g de iafu
iafucd
cde
eta qud ì` clsc
clsca
a gfac
gfacp
pg÷
g÷g
g ``
``gc
gcgi
gia
a
‐Idrlvgflöe g Cdilgflöe– y qud faestg de `g trgesgfflöe qud gfacpg÷a de
ue atrasã id dstg prdsdetgflöe.
Id dstg cgedrg,
cgedrg, rdfae
rdfaeaflde
afldeia
ia dstg pgrtd, qud de cgtdrlg id g`lcdetas
g`lcdetas sd
pudide va`vdr g rdvlsgr `gs flrfuestgeflgs qud ide `umgr g ueg dvdetug`
rdngkg a gucdeta id `g pdeslöe id g`lcdetas, dstg idnd sdr qud sd hgyg
praiuf
praiuflia
lia ue fgcn
fgcnla
la sustge
sustgeflg
flg`` de ilfhgs
ilfhgs flrfue
flrfuestg
stgefl
eflgs,
gs, qud hgmge
hgmge
edfd
edfdsg
sgrl
rla
a `g dv
dvde
detu
tug`
g` rdng
rdngkg
kg,, gtde
gtdeil
ilig
ig de pgrt
pgrtlf
lfu`
u`gr
gr `g fgpg
fgpgfl
flig
igi
i
dfaeöclfg id` idcgeigia, `a qud de d` pgrtlfu`gr EA VD FTCR@D, par
fugeta g` ea hgndr ue fgcnla jueigcdetg` de `gs flrfuestgeflgs qud
ilfde rd`gflöe g `g fgpgfligi dfaeöclfg id` idcgeigetd qud slrvg id

jueigcdeta pgrg `g rdngkg pravlsarlg id `g pdeslöe id g`lcdetas, cuy par

d` faetrgrla y tg` faca sd idcastrgrç de `g apartueligi prafdsg` qud
farrdspaeig, d` Vr. Gstarmg, pasdd ue eudva lemrdsa dfaeöclfa praiufta
id f`gsds qud rdg`lzg de ue Lestltuta Rrajdslaeg`, `a qud lef`usa gcdrltgrãg
d` gucdeta id `g pdeslöe id g`lcdetas gfarigig.

RA^ YGEYA,
^TDMA G TV. rdfhgzgr `g sa`lfltui id rdngkg pravlsarlg id `g pdeslöe id
g`lcdetas g jgvar id cls trds hlkas NDEKGCLE, ZLFDEYD y CGLYD, taias
GVYA^MG JD^^DL^A, par ea dxlstlr jueigcdetas pgrg d``a, fae fastgs.

R^LCD^
R^LC AY^AVL; ^udma g TV. tdedr par gfacpg÷gig Gftg y gfudria id
D^ AY^AVL;
Cdilgflöe fd`dnrgig fae jdfhg >: id eavldcnrd id >277 y su rdspdftlvg
gprangflöe.

4
 

VDMTEIA AY^AVL; ^udma g TV. qud `gs rdsa`uflaeds ilftgigs de d` kulfla

id cgrrgs, sdge eatljlfgig g cl gpaidrgig cdilgetd d` farrda d`dftröelfa
cpg
pgzg
zgem
emu `a hB yghaa.fac
u`ah

YD^FD^
YD^FD^ AY^AVL; VÃ^ZGVD TV., tdedr prdsdetd qud idslmea gnamgia y
AY^AVL;
faejldra pgtraflela
pgtraflela y paid
paidrr g `g gnamgia hgnl`l
hgnl`ltgig
tgig pgrg d` dkdrflfla
dkdrflfla id `g
prajdslöe ia÷g CG^LG RG[ GEMT@A HTCD^DV, fae `gs jgfu`tgids id
gcna
gcnass le
lefl
flsa
sass id`
id` grtã
grtãfu`
fu`a
a =» id`
id` Fö
Föil
ilma
ma id Rr
Rraf
afdi
dilc
lcld
ldet
eta
a Flvl
Flvl`,
`, fae
fae
iacl
iaclfl
fl`l
`la
a de Facp
Facpg÷
g֋g
ãg E» 72:8
72:8,, aj
ajlf
lfle
leg
g 628,
628, fa
facu
cueg
eg y fl
flui
uigi
gi id
Vgetlgma, jaeas :=77<:>- :=>4728- :=648<2.

Jlr
Jlrcgr
cgrae
ae getd cl ia÷g CG^FD
CG^FD@G@G G@DKGEI^G JD^^DL^A
JD^^DL^A FGCRNFGCRND@@,D@@, fìiu`
fìiu`gg egfl
egflaeg`
aeg` id lidetligi
lidetligi E»
76.>=2.=62-8 y ia÷g CG^LG RG[ GEMT@A HTCD^DV fìiu`g egflaeg` id lidetligi E» 76.>6>.2=2-4