2023 AGRIC. SCIENCE JS 1 2ND TERM E-Note Template

SUBJECT:
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
CLASS:
J.S.S. 1
TERM: SECOND
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©Deeper Life High School. 2023
SCHEME OF WORK
WEEKS TOPICS CONTENT

Revision of last term’s work.
1
Classes and uses of farm (a) Types of farm animals (i) Work animals (ii)
2 animals:. Dairy animal (iii) Guard animals (iv) Poultry (vi)
Aquatic animals (vii) Pets, etc
Classes and uses of farm (b) (i) Basic characteristics of farm animals:
animals: (Identify various forms of farm animals based on
3 their distinct features).
(ii) Distribution of Livestock in Nigeria (iii)
Factors affecting the Distribution of Livestock in
Nigeria.
Classes and uses of farm : (b) (i) Basic characteristics of farm animals:
animals (Identify various forms of farm animals based on
4 their distinct features).
(ii) Distribution of Livestock in Nigeria (iii)
Factors affecting the Distribution of Livestock in
Nigeria
Classes and uses of farm : (c) Classification of farm animals based on;
animals
(i) Size – Large animals and small animals
5 .
(ii) Habitat – Aquatic and Terrestrial animals
(iii)Mode of reproduction and feeding of young
ones: Mammals and non-mammals
Classes and uses of farm (d) Classification of farm animals based on;
animals:
6 (iv) Stomach types- Ruminant and Non-ruminant
. animals
7 MID-TERM BREAK
Classes and uses of farm : (e) Classification of farm animals based on;
8 animals (v)Feeding pattern – herbivores, carnivores and
omnivores (f) Uses of farm animals; (i) Food (ii)
Work (iii) Sports and guard (iv)Source of hide
and skin (v) Source of manure etc.

Classes and uses of farm : (e) Classification of farm animals based on;
animals (v)Feeding pattern – herbivores, carnivores and
9 omnivores (f) Uses of farm animals; (i) Food (ii)
Work (iii) Sports and guard (iv)Source of hide
and skin (v) Source of manure etc.
10 Revision
11 Revision
12 Examination
13

WEEK: ONE
TOPIC: REVISION OF FIRST TERM’S WORK
LESSON OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. define agriculture,
2. differentiate between subsistence and commercial agriculture,
3. list and explain the forms of agriculture,
4. classify crops based on morphology, lifecycle, uses, and class of food.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR: Students are to recall all the topics learnt last term and define some major terms used.
SUB-TOPIC 1:
REVISION TESTS ON MEANING, IMPORTANCE AND TYPES OF AGRICULTURE.
CONTENT:
PRACTICE EXERCISE:
1. An agriculturist is ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. The early man obtained his food before the development of modern agriculture by ___________
and_____________________________________________________ .
3. How would you define agriculture in simple
words?______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Give four importance of agriculture to man.
1._________________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________________

3._________________________________________________________________________________
4.________________________________________________________________________________
4. The most significant importance of agriculture to man is the_______________________________
5. Agriculture provides _______________, silk and cotton from plants for textile production.
Essay questions.
1. List and explain the tree basic needs of man that agriculture provides.
2. State three crops that man sells to obtain income.
3. Name one plant used as medicine in agriculture.
1. Subsistence agriculture is defined is a type of agriculture that involves the production of crops and
animals by a farmer to feed ________________________________________________________ .
2. Commercial Agriculture is defined as the type of agriculture which involves the _______________
________________________________________________________________________________ .
3. Industries that depend on agriculture for their materials are called _________________________ .
4. The main contribution of Agriculture to the society is the _________________________________ .
5. The raw material used in the paper industry is called______________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Explain the following:
a. Subsistence Agriculture
b. Commercial Agriculture
2. Give three characteristics each of subsistence and commercial agriculture.
3. In a tabular form, give five differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture.
1. Feedmill is constructed to mill feed for ________________________________________ .

2. An example of product obtained from rubber latex is _____________________________ .
3. Hides and skin obtained from animals can be used to make ________________________.
4. Moringa is an example of ____________________________________________________.
5. Starch is a source of ________________________________________________________ .
Essay questions.
1. In a tabular form, list five industries make use of agricultural produce as their raw materials.
1. Mention one raw material used by each.
2. State one corresponding finished product for each raw material.

PRACTICE EXERCISE: (5 fill in the gap question per subtopic, 3 short answer questions)
SUB-TOPIC 2:
Revision tests on forms of agriculture
CONTENT:
1. Pastoral farming is a system involves the rearing of animals that feed on ______________________.
2. The pastoral system where animals are allowed to move freely and graze within the confinement ia
called ____________________________________________________________________________.
3. The system that involves the planting of a forage crops and food crops in alternation is __________.
4. Arable crops are usually _________________ and they need to be grown each year.
5. Overgrazing can lead to trampling and destruction of soil structure, thereby leading to ___________.
.
Essay Questions.
1. What is pastoral farming?
2. List three forms of pastoral farming.
3. What farming system involves the alternation of food and forage crops?
1. Land rotation enables the build-up of _______________________________________________.

2. Fishes swim with the aid of their _________ and breathe with the aid of their ______________.
3. _____________ is the combination of crop production with animal farming on the same farmland.
4. The period time the land is left to regain its fertility is referred to as _______________________.
5. _____________________________ is one of the oldest methods of farming.
Essay Questions
1. Define taungya system.
2. State two advantages of practicing mixed farming.
3. Enumerate two principles of crop rotation.
1. The production of different kinds of crop plants useful to man and animals is called ______________.
2. Crop plants are either called _____________ and ____________________ crops.
3. Farm produce has to be salvaged to prevent _____________________________________________.

4. The processing method for cereals is called ______________________________________________.
5. The act of keeping harvested or processed agricultural produce safe and free from spoilage is called
____________________________________________________.
Essay questions.
1. Define agricultural activity.
2. State three reasons for preserving agricultural produce.
3. For which crop is shelling done?
1. The study of fish and other aquatic animals such as shrimps, crayfish, lobster, crabs etc is referred to as
________________________________.
2. A person who practice horticulture is referred to as an ______________________________________.
3. _____________________ deals with rearing and breeding of selected species of snails.
4. The art and science of keeping bees to produce honey and other by-products is called _____________.
5. A location where bees are kept is called an ________________________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Highlight three branches of horticulture.
2. State three materials used in housing snails.
List three requirements for fish farming.
SUB-TOPIC 3:
Revision tests on classes and uses of crops.
CONTENT:
1. The root system refers to the portion of the plant which develops ________________________.
2. The root has many tiny structures on it called the ____________________________________
3. Water, mineral salt and other nutrients are absorbed by the plant through a process known as
_____________________________________________________________________________.
4. The ____________________________consists of the stem, branches, leaves, buds while the
________________________________are the reproductive organs.
5. The part of the plant that grows upright above the ground is the _________________________.

Essay Questions
1. Mention three functions of the root.
2. State three crops that store their food in their roots.
3. Runners and rhizomes are the same type of stems. Explain
1. The leaf is attached the stem by a leaf stalk called ___________________________________.
2. The many tiny openings on the surface referred to as ________________________________.
3. The green colouring pigment in plants is called ______________________________________.
4. The male reproductive part of the flower is called ____________________________________.
5. The female reproductive parts of the flower are the __________, ___________, and ______.
Essay Questions
1. What is the major function of flower to crop plant?
2. List four importance of leaf.
3. State four types four stems.
1. Food for germinating seed is stored in the _____________________________________________.

2. Plants with one seed leaf or cotyledons are called ______________________________________.
3. Plants with two seed leaves or cotyledons are called ____________________________________.
4. In monocotyledons, germination of seed is ____________________________________________.
5. In dicotyledons, germination of seed is _______________________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Give five examples each of monocotyledons and dicotyledons.
2. State three characteristics each of monocotyledons.
3. List three characteristics of dicotyledons.
1. The crops that belong to the grass family are called called ___________________________________.
2. The crops are produce cereals mainly for consumption by man or livestock are __________________.
3. _______________ roots has bulbous swellings called nodules that contains bacteria which fix
atmospheric nitrogen into soils thereby helping to increase soil fertility.
4. These are crops that store food in underground stems or roots. ______________________________.
5. The crops that produce edible fruits and are often eaten raw or fresh are called _________________.
1. The crops which produce filaments (fibres) which can be spun are called ______________________.
2. Crops whose seeds or fruits produce quality cooking oil when processed are ___________________.

3. The crops that produce whitish milky substance or sap known as latex from the bark of their stems are
referred to as _______________________________________________________________________.
4. The crops that are cultivated for the supply sugar to the body are _____________________________.
5. The crops that produce leaves, fruits or seeds that are processed into food drinks and beverages are
_________________________________________________________________________________.
1. State the two classes of vitamins and give examples.

2. List three crops that supply minerals to man.
3. Mention three tuber crops that provides animals with energy.
PUZZLES / BRAIN TEASER:
INSPIRATIONAL QUOTES:
"I know of no pursuit in which more real and important services can be rendered to any country
than by improving its agriculture, its breed of useful animals, and other branches of a
husbandman’s cares." - President George Washington

WEEK: TWO
TOPIC: CLASSES AND USES OF FARM ANIMALS
i. state the meaning of farm animals,
ii. highlight the types of farm animals with examples,
iii. enumerate the characteristics of farm animal.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR: Describe the qualities and characteristics of any farm animal you have seen.
SUB-TOPIC 1:
MEANING OF FARM ANIMALS
CONTENT:
Farm animals are animals that are reared by man for different purposes. They are important for
1. Food supply.
2. Income generation.
3. Clothing materials etc.
Animals that provide these include goats, sheep, rabbits, poultry, cattle, pigs, fish, snails etc.

Types of farm animals
(i) Work animals
(ii) Dairy animal
(iii) Guard animals
(iv) Poultry
(v) Aquatic animals
(vi) Pets.
1. Work Animals:
These are animals that are used for work on the farm.
They are used for carrying loads, ploughing, harrowing and ridging. Examples of animals used for work
include cattle, [Sokoto Gudali , White Fulani] , (in forms of bull(male cattle) and bullock(castrated male
cattle)). Such animals are called draught animals. The normal output of a working bull is about 500W
compared to that of a man which about 75W.
Work animals are also used for transportation and carrying of load e.g horses, camels and donkeys.
Such animals are referred to as beasts of burden. They have the ability to survive or travel long
distance without water.
Characteristics of work animals:

❖ They are well built with good body conformation.
❖ They can survive or travel long distance without water.
❖ They are rugged and have very great strength.
❖ They have strong hind limbs.
❖ They are docile (ready to accept control) and tolerant.
2. Dairy Animals:
These are animals reared purposely for milk production. Examples are cattle [White Fulani, Sokoto
Gudali, Red Bororo]; Goats[Nubian goats, Jumnapari and Surti of Indian]. Milk provides protein,
vitamins and minerals.

Characteristics of diary animals:
❖ They are lean and have angular form of body.
❖ They have well developed mammary gland called udder.
❖ They have high food conversion efficiency for production of milk.
❖ They have light weight.
❖ They are easy to handle/less aggressive.
3. Guard Animals:
These are animals domesticated or tamed and used for protecting life and property from danger.
Examples are dogs, parrot, cat, geese, guinea fowl, Ilamas etc. Dog is the most commonly used guard
animal.
Characteristics of guard animals

❖ They are easily controlled.
❖ They are intelligent.
❖ They have natural curiosity.
❖ They can be trained and tamed to suit our purpose e.g security.
❖ They are sensitive to human behaviour.
1. Animals used for transportation and carrying of load are referred to as ______________________.
2. ___________________________________ animals are reared purposely for milk production.
3. The normal output of a working bull is about ______ compared to that of a man which about _____.
4. Animals domesticated or tamed and used for protecting life and property are ________________.
5. Domesticated birds raised mainly for food, meat and eggs are called ______________________.
Essay Questions
1. Mention three examples of the following: (i) Guard animals (ii) work animals
2. State three characteristics of dairy animals.
3. State three parts of a cattle.
SUB-TOPIC 2:
4. Poultry:
These are domesticated birds raised mainly for food, meat and eggs and other purposes e.g feather
and manure. Examples of poultry birds are domestic fowl, guinea fowl, turkey, goose, ducks, ostrich,
quails, pigeon etc.
Characteristics of poultry:
❖ Poultry birds have medium body size.
❖ They do not give birth to their young ones alive [they lay eggs].
❖ They have simple stomach.
❖ They are prolific animals, i.e they lay and hatch many eggs into chicks.
❖ Their body is covered with feathers and they have two legs cover with scales.
❖ They are best managed by intensive system.
❖ The mouth is modified to form a beak.
❖ They feed mainly on grains.
5. Pets:
These are animals kept for pleasure and companionship e.g dog, cat.
They are treated with great care and affection. They are mostly beautiful and attractive in terms of colour,
body size, and general appearance.
Other examples are parrots, canaries, pigeon, monkeys, peacock, gold fish (reared in aquarium), rabbits e.g
Dutch
Characteristics of pets:
❖ They are easily domesticated.
❖ They are beautiful.
❖ They are loyal and playful.
❖ They live freely with human beings.
❖ They can feed on human food.
❖ They can be trained to be harmless.
❖ They are friendly.
6. Aquatic Animals:
These are animals that live, feed and breed inside water bodies like rivers, lakes, dams, ponds, streams,
oceans and seas.

There are two aquatic habitat:
1. fresh water and
2. salt water or marine.
Examples are prawn, oysters, lobsters, crabs, periwinkles, turtles, squids, shrimps, fish, frogs etc. Fish is the
most commonly domesticated and populous among aquatic animals.
Characteristics of aquatic animals
❖ They live, feed and reproduce in water.
❖ Fish possess gills for respiration in water.
❖ Some have smooth skins e.g catfish while some have scales e.g tilapia.
❖ They are cold- blooded i.e unable to maintain and regulate their body temperature.
❖ They lay eggs which later hatched to fingerlings.
❖ Fish has streamlined body for easy movement in water.
❖ A fish uses a special sense organ called the lateral line to detect events in its environment.
CONTENT:
1. A fish uses a special sense organ called the ________________ to detect events in its environment.
2. The body of birds is covered with ___________ and they have two legs covered with ________.
3. Animals treated with great care and affection are called ________________________________.
4. Newly hatched or baby fishes are called ____________________________________________.
5. ________________ is the most commonly domesticated and populous among aquatic animals.
CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
Multiple choice questions
1. Dairy cattle are reared for ____ A.beef B. manure C. D. transportation.
2. Scales are found on __________ A. cattle. B. fish. C. poultry. D. sheep.
3. Which of these animals are often kept with cattle by Fulanis in Nigeria. A. cats B. dogs C. sheep. D.
rabbits
4. Which of these animals can be used in pulling a plough? A. cattle. B. goats. C. rabbits. D. swine.
5. Which of these is not classified as poultry? A. Duck. B. Eagle. C. goose. D. turkey.

6. Animals kept for companionship are _____. A. dairy animals. B. fattening animals. C. guard animals. D
pets.
7. Guard animals should posses all the following except _____ A. beautiful coat colour. B. brave and
fearless. C. curious. D. intelligent.
8. Which of the following is a beast of burden? A. cat. B. Dog. Donkey. Duck
9. Work animals are used for the following except ___________ Acarrying load. B. harrowing. C. planting
crops. D ploughing.
10. Wool from animals can be sued for all the following except______ A. carpets. B. mattresses. C. roofing
houses. D. furniture materials.
Fill in the blank spaces below.
1. The populous among aquatic animals are ______________________________________________.
2. _________________are cold- blooded and unable to maintain and regulate their body temperature.
3. Animals that are harmless and sensitive to human behaviour are called _______________________.
4. The farm animals that are most beautiful and attractive in colour are ________________________.
5. __________________________ have well developed mammary gland called udder.
6. These animals have the ability to survive or travel long distance without water. __________________.
7. ____________________________________ are well built with good body conformation.
8. Poultry animals do not give birth to their young ones alive. So, they ___________________________.
9. They are prolific animals; hence they lay and hatch many eggs into ____________________________.
10. Fishes posses _____________________ for respiration in water.
Essay questions
1. List five (5) forms of farm animals.
2. Give two relevant examples for each of the forms of farm animals listed in 1 above.
3. Describe the following forms of farm animals
a. Pets
b. Guard animals.
4. What are work animals?
5. State two characteristics of aquatic animals.
KEY WORDS:
1. Livestock
2. Lateral
3. Streamlined

"My grandfather used to say that once in your life you need a doctor, a lawyer, a policeman and a
preacher but every day, three times a day, you need a farmer." - Brenda Schoepp

WEEK: THREE
TOPIC: CLASSES USES OF AND FARM ANIMALS
(Characteristic features of some farm animals)
i. describe basic characteristic features of farm animals.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR:
SUB-TOPIC 1:
Characteristic features of some farm animals and their distribution in Nigeria
CONTENT:
Basic characteristic features of Farm Animals
Farm animals have certain basic features that make them belong to a particular group. These characteristics
help to differentiate them from other forms of animals and also enable some of the animals to adapt to their
natural habitat.
Examples of farm animals include: Cattle, Sheep, Goat, Pig, Poultry, Rabbit, Fish, Snails, Guinea pig, Donkeys
and Horses.
Distribution refers to where they can be found, or where they are commonly reared.
The types of farm animals found in Nigeria, whether local or exotic (imported) are as follows:
CATTLE
Cattle belong to hoofed mammals.
Some are humped (Bos indicus). Examples of humped cattle include Sokoto Gudali, Red bororo and White
Fulani. Others are humpless (Bos taurus). Examples of humpless cattle include Muturu and N’dama.
Some cattle are used as work animals and examples include Sokoto Gudali, White Fulani, N’dama, e.t.c.
Some are resistance to trypanosomiasis and examples include N’dama, Muturu and Keteku.
Cattle are prevalence in the northern parts of the country due to abundance grassland and absence of tse-tse
flies which are vectors of a protozoan disease called trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness).
Cattle are raised mainly for meat and milk.

Characteristics of Cattle:
i. Cattle are ruminant animals.
ii. They are large -bodied animals.
iii. They feed on herbage and pasture.
iv. A female calves once in a year with one calf per parturition.
v. They have large udder with four glands.
vi. They have four pairs of hoofs on each limb.
vii. Beef cattle are lighter than the dairy type.
BREEDS OF CATTLE AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN NIGERIA

Beef Cattle Dairy Cattle Dual Purpose (meat and milk
production)
i. N’dama (South) i. Dexter i. Azawal (North)
ii. Keteku (South) ii. Jersey ii. Muturu (South)
iii. Red Bororo (North, iii. Kerry iii. Biu(North)
Zebu) iv. Red poll iv. Wadara (North)
iv. Sokoto Gudali Holstein etc v. White Fulani
(North, Zebu) (North, Zebu)
v. Kuri etc (North)
SHEEP
They originated from Iran or Iraq in Asia.
Sheep is raised in all countries of the world mostly for meat, milk and wool.

Characteristics of Sheep
i. They are medium- bodied ruminants.
ii. They are dull in appearance and sometimes stupid in behavior.
iii. They have long and drooping earlobes
iv. Only the males have horns except Ouda.
v. Females are polled while males have horns.
vi. The males are heavily manned.
Examples of sheep /Breeds of Sheep and their distribution

i. Balami, (North)
ii. The Fulani (Ouda), (North)
iii. Yankasa (Hausa), (North)
iv. West African Dwarf(WAD) Sheep (South)
v. Merino (Imported)
vi. Lohi etc (Imported)
1. _______________________ refers to where they can be found, or where they are commonly reared.
2. Humped cattle are scientifically called __________________________________________________.
3. Cattle are prevalent in the northern parts of the Nigeria due to abundance of __________________.
4. _______________________________________ originated from Iran or Iraq in Asia.
5. In sheep, _________________ are polled while ______________________________ have horns.
Essay Questions:
1. State five farm animals that are raised in Nigeria.
2. Mention four characteristics each of (i) Cattle and (ii) Sheep.

3. State three breeds of sheep.
SUB-TOPIC 2:
GOAT
They are important ruminants that can adapt and sustain themselves in very harsh environment. They can
withstand diseases, high temperature and can survive where other animals cannot. Hence, they are described
as being tough and hardy.
Goats are raised for meat, milk and skin.
Characteristics
1) They are medium bodied animals.
2) Both sexes have horns.
3) Goats are scavengers and very inquisitive.
4) The males are often with beards.
5) They can browse many forage plants.
6) They produce the best milk free from cholesterol.
Examples of goats are:
i. Fulani (Sahel), (north)
ii. Kano brown, (north)
iii. Anglo-Nubian (milk producer and imported)
iv. West African Dwarf ( WAD) goat ( meat producer found in the south)
v. Angora (wool producer and imported)
vi. Sokoto Red (north)
vii. Saanen etc (imported)
PIGS
They are the most productive of all farm animals. A sow can produce between 8 and 16 litters at a time.
Hence, they are described as being highly prolific animals.
Pigs are raised for meat and lard.
Characteristics
1) They are mono-gastric animals and mostly omnivorous.
2) They are good converters of feed into meat.
3) They mature early and can breed anytime of the year. (i.e polyestrous)
4) Pig production requires small initial capital with high return.
5) They have short gestation period of 114 days (3 months 3 weeks and 3days).

Breeds/ Examples of pigs are:
i. Landrace,
ii. West African dwarf,
iii. Duroc Jersey,
iv. Large black
v. Large white (Yorkshire),
vi. Poland China,
vii. Chester White,e.t.c.
All these are exotic (imported) except no(ii) that could be found in the southern Nigeria.
CONTENT:
1. These animals sustain themselves in very harsh environment. _________________________.
2. _______________________________________ are scavengers and very inquisitive.
3. Pigs are described as being ___________________________________ prolific animals.
4. Pigs have short gestation period of ____________________________________ days.
5. ___________________________ are raised for meat and lard.
Essay questions
1. State four features each of (i) goat) and (ii) pig.
2. State five breeds of pigs.
3. State two characteristics of pigs.
CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:

1. Farm animals provide the following to man except _____
(a)furniture (b) transportation (c) security (d) sport
2. Which of the following is a work animal (a) Bull (b) Rabbit (c) Goat (d) Pig
3. Guard animals should possess all the following except (a) brave (b) curious (c) beautiful coat colour (d)
sensitive.
4. Which of these animals is kept for sport purposes
(a) Horse (b) Donkey (c) Sheep (d) Cattle
5. Which of these animals is not a livestock (a) Lion (b) Cattle (c) Sheep (d) Goat
6. The meat from goat is called (a) chevon (b) mutton (c) pork (d) veal
7. Animals that are raised for eggs, meat and manure are called
(a) poultry (b) guard animals (c) pet animals (d) work animals.
8. Dairy cattle are reared for (a) milk (b) beef (c) manure (d) work.
9. Which of the following animal is used for race (a) Camel (b) Donkey (c) Horse (d) Cattle
10. Scales are found on (a) Poultry (b) Sheep (c) Fish (d) Pig.
Fill in the missing blank spaces.

1. Sheep have long and drooping __________________________________________________.___.
2. Which of these animal can be used in pulling a plough? __________________________________
3. The folds or skin found on the head of poultry is called __________________________________.
4. Poultry refers to all ___________________________________________________ birds.
5. Animals with large and soft udders with centrally placed teats are ______________________.
6. Animals that live in water are (a) pets (b) aquatic animals (c) work animals (d) show animals.
7. Which group animal has this important characteristics of being energetic and
powerful._____________________________________ animals.
8. The gestation period of cow is __________________________________________.
9. Pick the odd one out.(a) Pet (b) Horse (c) Guard animals (d) Poultry. _______________________.
10. The major reason why livestock rearing is high in northern Nigeria is because -
_______________________________________________________________________________.
Essay questions
1. Give four characteristics of cattle.
2. State four breeds of sheep.
3. Mention four characteristics of goats.
4. Enumerate four breeds of pigs.
KEY WORDS:
1. Breed
2. Specie
3. Dairy
4. prolific
"A nation that can feed its people is a nation more secure." - President George W. Bush

WEEK: FOUR
1. describe the characteristics of some farm animals,
2. highlight the factors affecting the distribution of farm animals in Nigeria.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR: Observe the farm animals you have in your school community for a period of four week.
Write down the character they exhibit in terms of how they feed, what they eat and how they relate with
each other.
SUB-TOPIC 1:
CONTENT:
Rabbits, Poultry and Horse
RABBIT:
Rabbits are found both in temperate and tropical countries.
They are raised for their meat, skin (pelt) and hair (fur).
Characteristics
1) They are prolific animals that can produce up to four times in a year if properly managed.
2) They are easy to house, handle and manage.
3) They reach maturity weight in about 5-6 months.
4) Rabbit meat is of good quality, more delicious and nutritious than that of chicken.
5) They are prone to stress and the rate of cannibalism is high.
6) Rabbits are mono-gastric and eat mainly green plant food and sometimes concentrates feeds.
7) They have small body size.
8) They have short gestation period of between 31- 32 days.
9) They are coprophagous, i.e they eat their faeces.

Breeds/Examples of rabbit are:
i. California white
ii. California red
iii. New Zealand white
iv. New Zealand red
v. Chinchilla
vi. Flemish giant
vii. Angora
viii. Dutch rabbit
ix. Australia white
x. West African Rabbit (Giant Rat), etc.
They are all exotic breeds, except giant rat but found across the country.
POULTRY:
They are found both in temperate and tropical countries.
Poultry are birds raised for meat, eggs or feathers.
Types of poultry birds and their Distribution in Nigeria
S/N TYPES OF POULTRY BIRDS DISTRIBUTION IN NIGERIA
1. Domestic fowl North and south
2. Duck South and North
3. Turkey South
4. Goose South
5. Guinea fowl mostly North
6. Pigeon. South and North
7. Quail etc. Mostly North
Domestic fowl is the most popular of all and this makes the discussion on poultry to be centered on domestic
fowl. They are grouped into two with their characteristic features.
a. Local fowl and
b. Exotic fowl.
Characteristics of local fowls

1. Light in weight
2. Hardy
3. Resistant to diseases
4. Poor growth rate
5. Low egg production and
6. Production of white eggs.
Exotic fowls
They are grouped into two:
a. Light breeders and
b. Heavy breeders.
Characteristics of exotic fowls
(i) Light Breeders:

❖ Small sized body
❖ Early maturity
❖ Good egg production
❖ Production of white shelled eggs e.g. leghorn.
(ii) Heavy breeders:
❖ Large sized body
❖ Slow maturity
❖ Poor egg production
❖ Production of brown or tainted shelled eggs e.g. Rhode Island Red, Sussex.
BREEDS OF DOMESTIC FOWL
Egg Producers Meat Producers (Broilers) Dual Purpose (Eggs And
Meat)
i. White leghorn (the i. Sussex i. Rhode Island Red
best) ii. Cormish ii. Plymouth Rock
ii. Brown leghorn iii. Cochin iii. New Hampshire
iii. Sussex
iv. Rhode Island Red
HORSE:

It is a non-ruminant animal raised mostly in the northern parts of Nigeria.
Uses
i. They are ridden for pleasure and sports e.g horse race, polo game.
ii. For transportation of produce and human beings.
iii. For traditional ceremonies such as “Durbar festivals” in the northern states of Nigeria.

1. Rabbits are found both in ________________________ and __________________ countries.
2. They reach maturity weight in about ________________________________________ months.
3. They are prone to stress and the rate of _____________________________________ is high.
4. _____________________________________________ is the most popular of all poultry birds.
5. __________________________________________ are animals ridden for pleasure and sports,
Essay Questions
1. Mention four features of rabbit.
2. State five types of domesticated birds that are referred to as poultry.
3. Mention three uses of a horse.
SUB-TOPIC 2:
CONTENT:
DIAGRAM OF THE MAP OF NIGERIA SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF LIVESTOCK IN NIGERIA.

Sub-Topic 4: Factors affecting the Distribution of Livestock in Nigeria.
Some animals are found in large population in some places than other areas and some factors are responsible
for that. Up to 80% of grazing livestock is to be found in the savanna zone of northern Nigeria. This is because
of the following factors:
a. Food/Availability of good pasture
b. Climate
c. Pests and diseases
d. Religious belief
e. Cultural belief

f. Social belief
a. Food/Availability of good pasture

This constitutes the bulk of the feed of livestock. Large expanse of grassland is abundant in northern
Nigeria, and for this reason there is greater population of cattle, sheep and goats, which graze on the
pasture grasses and legumes found in this area than in southern Nigeria.
b. Climate
Animal production is usually affected adversely by too hot or too cold weather condition. For instance,
pigs do not have sweat glands, so they do not perspire. Rearing them in a hot climate will greatly
reduce their efficiency.
Moreover, the growth and multiplication of pests and diseases is also encouraged by high temperature and
rainfall, and this affects the growth and performance of livestock.
c. Pests and diseases
The thick forest zones of the south are heavily infested with tse-tse flies due to high rainfall and relative
humidity.
Tse-tse flies serve as vectors of the disease called Trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness. When these flies bite
farm animals, they transmit this disease which causes the animal to sleep to its death. This prevents cattle
from flourishing in this zone except N’dama and muturu cattle that are resistant to this disease.
Poultry seems to be more evenly distributed. The availability of grains in the savanna areas also encourages
poultry production.
d. Religious belief
The production of pig is limited by social and religious beliefs of in Nigeria. Some religions forbid eating
of pork. Hence, they neither rear nor eat pig.
Even in the south, where it is reared, the Sabbatarians forbid having anything to do with pigs.
e. Cultural belief
In some cultures, certain animals are idolized so they are protected and preserved. This makes the
population of such animals in such places to increase.
Certain animals are used for festivals e.g domestic fowl, or turkey for Christmas and thanksgiving; Ram for
Ramadan festivals for Muslims. Such animals are reared ahead of the festivals.
f. Social belief:
Socially, people regard pig as a dirty animal, which wallows most of the time in muddy water and which
transmit s tape-worm.
Table Showing Terms Associated With Some Farm Animals
S/N DESCRIPTION CATTLE SHEEP GOAT PIG RABBIT POULTRY
1 Adult male Bull Ram Billy/buck Boar Buck Cock
2 Adult female Cow Ewe Nanny/doe Sow Doe Hen
3 Young female Heifer Ewe-lamb Nanny kid Gilt - Pullet
without
offspring
4 Young one of Calf Lamb Kid Piglet Kitten/bu Chick
either sex nny
/warren
5 Castrated male Steer/bullo Wether Wether Hog (young) - Capon
ck Barrow (adult)
6 Act of mating Servicing Tuppy Servicing Servicing Servicing Treading
7 Parturition Calving Lambing Kidding Farrowing Kindling Laying
8 Meat Young-veal Mutton Chevon Pork White Chicken
Adult-beef Bacon meat
(salted)
Ham
(smoked)Lard
(fat of pig)
9 Group Herd Flock Herd Litter Litter Flock
(Adult)
Clutch
(Young)
10 Gestation 283 days 145-154 150 days 114 days 31 days 21 days
(period of days
pregnancy)

1. Up to 80% of grazing livestock is to be found in the ______________________________ zone.
2. Animal production is usually affected adversely by ____________________________condition.
3. The growth and multiplication of pests and diseases is encouraged by ____________________.
4. Tse-tse flies serve as vectors of the disease called ____________________________________.
5. Some religions forbid eating of ____________________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. State five factors that affect the distribution of farm animals in your country.
2. What are the gestation periods of the following animals?
a. Goats
b. Sheep
c. Cattle
d. Rabbit
e. Pig.
CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
1. The major reason why livestock rearing is high in northern Nigeria is because (a)consumers of meat
are more in the north (b) grass pasture is abundant in the north (c)livestock survive more under high
temperature (d) Northern government policy favours animal rearing
2. Which of these animal can be used in pulling a plough?
(a) Cattle (b) Goat (c) Rabbit (d) Sheep.
3. The folds or skin found on the head of poultry is called
(a)wattle (b) comb (c) thigh (d) claw
4. Which of these animals is not classified as poultry?
(a) Eagle (b) Goose (c) Pigeon (d) Turkey.
5. Animals with large and soft udders with centrally placed teats are
(a) guard animals (b) pets (c) show animals (d) dairy animals.
6. Animals that live in water are (a) pets (b) aquatic animals (c) work animals (d) show animals.
7. Which of these is an important characteristic of work animals?
(a) energetic and powerful (b) light weight (c) intelligent (d) presence of beak.
8. The gestation period of cow is ___ (a) 283 days (b) 142 days (c) 288 days (d) 362 days
9. Which of these is a pet? (a) Fish (b) Goat (c) Pigeon (d) Cat.
10. Which of these is not a form of farm animals?
(a) Pet (b) Horse (c) Guard animals (d) Poultry.

1. ____________________ have high food conversion efficiency for production of milk .
2. List one farm animals reared ed mainly for meat, milk and wool. _____________________________.
3. Animals that are polled are animals that _________________________________________________.
4. Write out one characteristic feature of a goat._____________________________________________.
5. Which among these animals are termed as the most prolific animal [a] Goats [b] Pigs [c] Sheep [d] Cow
6. The following are examples of exotic breeds of pigs except [a] Landrace [b]West African dwarf [c] Duroc
Jersey [d] Poland China
7. Thick forest zones of the south are heavily infested with tse-tse flies due to high rainfall and _____.
8. Tse-tse flies serve as vectors of disease called ________________________________________.
9. A group of young pigs is called ____________________________________________________.
10. The process of parturition in rabbit is called _________________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Give three major difference between
a. Cattle and sheep
b. Poultry and rabbits
c. Pigs and goats
2. State five factors that affect the distribution of farm animals in Nigeria.
3. Give the names of the young ones of the animals mentioned in 1 above.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS / KEY WORDS / VOCABULARY:

1. Exotic
2. Belief
3. Distribution

"Striving for success without hard work is like trying to harvest where you haven't planted." - David

WEEK: FIVE
1. classify farm animals based on size, habitats, stomach types/ digestion, modes of reproduction, and
feeding pattern.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR:
Observe the farm animals you have in your school community for a period of four week. Write down the
character they exhibit in terms of how they feed, what they eat and how they relate with each other.
SUB-TOPIC 1:
CONTENT:
Classification of farm animals
Farm animals are classified based on the following criteria
2. The size of the animal.
3. The habitats.
4. The stomach types/ digestion.
5. The modes of reproduction.
6. The feeding pattern.
Classification based on the size of animal

This refers to the body size. It is further divided into two
a. Large farm animals.
b. Small farm animals.
Large farm animals

These are animals with large body sizes.
Examples are cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, camels, horses, donkeys, etc.

Small farm animals:
These are animals with small body sizes.
Examples are poultry, rabbits, fish, guinea pig.
EVALUATION:
List four examples each of:
i. Large farm animals
ii. Small farm animals.
Classification based on habitat

Habitat is the natural home of animals. Based on habitat, farm animals can be classified into two
1. Terrestrial farm animals.
2. Aquatic farm animals.
1. Terrestrial farm animals

These are animals that live, feed and breed on land.

They are able to adapt to the environmental conditions on land.
Examples are poultry, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, camels, donkeys, horses, etc.
There are some terrestrial animals that live on trees and are called arboreal animals.
Examples are some species of birds, and animal like hawk, kite, squirrels, monkeys etc.
2. Aquatic farm animals:

These are animals that live, feed and breed in water bodies such as pond, stream, lake, river, ocean and sea.
They also have features for adaptation in water like possession of webbed feet, fins, swim bladder.
They obtain oxygen dissolved in the water where they live.
Examples are:
fishes (tilapia, catfish, mackerel)
shell fish (e.g shrimps, crayfish, prawn, lobster)
mammals (e.g hippopotamuses, whale, seal etc.
reptiles (e.g turtles, crocodiles).
molluscs (e.g periwinkle, squid, octopus)
EVALUATION:
1. What are terrestrial animals?
2. Give four examples of the following:
a. Aquatic animals.
b. Terrestrial animals.
3. Where do the aquatic animals get their oxygen requirement?

1. The animals with large body sizes are classified as ______________________________________.
2. _____________________________________________ is the natural home of animals.
3. Animals that live, feed and breed in water bodies are called _____________________________.
4. Aquatic animals obtain ___________________ dissolved in the water where they live.
5. Terrestrial animals that live on trees and are called _____________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Give five examples of
a. Large farm animals.
b. Small farm animals.
c. Terrestrial animals.
d. Aquatic animals.
SUB-TOPIC 2:
CONTENT:
Classification based on mode of reproduction
Using this criteria, farm animals can be classified into two groups which are:
• Mammals (viviparous farm animals)
• Non-mammals (oviparous farm animals)
Mammals
They are animals that give birth to their young ones alive and have their bodies covered with hair or fur.
They are warm blooded vertebrate animals.
They equally feed their young ones with milk from their mammary glands (udder).
Examples of mammals are goat, sheep, cattle, cats, pigs, guinea pigs, rabbits, camels etc.
Non- mammals
They are animals that do not give birth to their young ones alive but they produce their young ones by laying
and hatching eggs. They do not feed their young ones with milk.
Examples are fish (Pisces) and birds ( aves) e.g poultry such as turkey, guinea fowl, duck, pigeon, chicken, and
amphibians such toad and frog.

1. Animals that give birth to their young ones alive and have their bodies covered with hair are called
________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Mammals are warm blooded ______________________________________________ animals.
3. ____________________________ do not give birth to their young ones alive but they produce their
young ones by laying and hatching eggs.
4. Which animals do not feed their young ones with milk? ____________________________________.
5. Fish belong to Pisces while birds belong to _____________________________________________.
Essay Questions:
1. Differentiate between mammals and non- mammals.
2. Mention five examples each of them
3. State three characteristics of mammals.
CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
1. Animals that are reared for different purpose on the farm are known as…… [A] Wild animal [b]
Domestic animal [c] Farm animal [d] Pet animals.
2. The following are examples of farm animals EXCEPT [a] Fish [b] Goat [c] Sheep [d] Tiger
3. Animals use for ploughing, harrowing, ridging are referred to as …………[a] Labor animal [b] Farm
animals [c] Draught animal [d] Industrious animal,
4. Animals that are used as means of transportation of agricultural product on the farms referred to as[a]
Beast of burden [b] Work animals [c] Dairy animal [d] Guard animal
5. Animals domesticated or tamed and used for protecting life and property from danger are termed as
[a] Aquatic animal [b] Dairy animal [c] Pet animal [d] Guard animal
6. Poultry animals are raised basically for its egg, feather and ……… [A] Milk [b] Meat [c] Fur [d] Leather
7. The following are examples of poultry animals EXCEPT [a] Guinea fowl [b] Ducks [c] Pigeon [d]
Porcupine
8. Which of these farm animals feeds mainly on grains [a] Goat [b] Mice [c] guinea fowl [d] Cat
9. Animals that possess the characteristics of being loyal, playful and beautiful are called [a] Pet [b]
Aquatic animals [c] poultry [d] Dairy animal
10. Which of the following is a characteristics of work animals [a] They have high food conversion efficiency
for production of milk [b] They do not give birth to their young ones alive [c] They live freely with
human beings. [d] They have strong hind limbs.

1. Animals that give birth to their young ones alive and have their bodies covered with hair are called
________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Mammals are warm blooded ______________________________________________ animals.
3. ____________________________ do not give birth to their young ones alive but they produce their
young ones by laying and hatching eggs.
4. Which animals do not feed their young ones with milk? ____________________________________.
5. Fish belong to Pisces while birds belong to _____________________________________________.
6. The animals with large body sizes are classified as ______________________________________.
7. _____________________________________________ is the natural home of animals.
8. Animals that live, feed and breed in water bodies are called _____________________________.
9. Aquatic animals obtain ___________________ dissolved in the water where they live.
10. Terrestrial animals that live on trees and are called _____________________________________.
Essay Questions
1. Differentiate between mammals and non-mammals
2. Differentiate between terrestrial and aquatic animals.
3. Differentiate between small and large farm animals.
4. Give three examples of aquatic animals.
5. Give three examples of small farm animals.
KEY WORDS:
1. Feeding
2. Pattern
3. Domestication

"The greatest fine art of the future will be the making of a comfortable living on a small piece of
land." - Abraham Lincoln

WEEK: SIX
1. classify farm animals based on stomach types/ digestion, , and feeding pattern.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR:
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR: Student are to write down or mention seven farm animals and what they eat as food.
SUB-TOPIC 1:
CONTENT:
Classes and uses of farm animals: (d) Classification of farm animals based on;
(iv)Feeding pattern – herbivores, carnivores and omnivores
(v) Stomach types- Ruminant and Non-ruminant animals.
Classifications of Farm Animals Based on Types of Stomach

Farm animals can be classified into two groups, according to the type of stomachs or digestive tract that they
possess.
The first group is ruminants while the other group is non-ruminants.
RUMINANTS
RUMINANTS (poly-gastric): They are animals that have complex stomach and chew the cud i.e cattle, sheep,
goat.
They carry out regurgitation which is the act of bringing back already swallowed into the mouth for proper
chewing and re-swallowing.
They chew the cud (rumination) which means they bring back their food into their mouth from the rumen
through anti-peristaltic movement for proper chewing. This happened when the animal is at rest.
The complex stomach of a ruminant is made up of four cavities /chambers/compartments namely

i. Rumen – 1st and the largest
ii. Reticulum- 2nd
iii. Omasum – 3rd
iv. Abomasum- 4th and true stomach.
Ruminants can digest (fibre) grasses and legumes (herbivorous) because of large population of micro-
organisms (bacteria) in their rumen.
Rumen is the largest compartment where food swallowed is temporarily stored.
Abomasum is the true stomach where digestion takes place.
Examples of ruminants are:
i. Cattle
ii. Sheep
iii. Goat
iv. Camel
v. Donkey
1. ________________________________ is the true stomach where digestion takes place.
2. Rumen is the ___________________ compartment where food swallowed is temporarily stored.
3. They carry out ________________ which is the act of bringing back already swallowed into the mouth
for proper chewing and re-swallowing.
4. Ruminants bring back food into their mouth from the rumen through ______________movement for
proper chewing.
5. Ruminants can digest (fibre) grasses and legumes (herbivorous) because of large population of
_________________________________________________in their rumen.
Essay Questions
1 Mention two characteristics of a ruminant.
2. Explain the term chew the cud.
3. Mention the four stomach compartment of a ruminant.

SUB-TOPIC 2:
CONTENT:
NON-RUMINANTS (MONOGASTRICS

Definition: Non- ruminants are animals that have simple stomach e.g rabbits, pigs, guinea-pigs.
They are otherwise called mono-gastric animals.
These groups of animals have single stomach compartment.
Examples of such animals are:
i. Rabbits,
ii. Pigs,
iii. Guinea pigs,
iv. Horse
v. Poultry birds.
Moreover, a pseudo- ruminant is an animal that eats large amounts of roughages but does not have a stomach
with several compartments e.g horse.
An animal with a pseudo digestive system can utilize large amounts of roughages because of the greatly
enlarged caecum and large intestine, which provide areas for microbial digestion of fibre.
1. _______________________________ is an animal that eats large amounts of roughages but does not
have a stomach with several compartments.
2. __________________________ are animals that have simple stomach.
3. Pseudo-ruminants have greatly _______________________________ and large intestine, which
provide areas for microbial digestion of fibre.
4. Examples of ruminant animals are _________________, _________________ and _______________.
5. The animals that give birth to their young ones alive are called ________________________.
Essay Questions
1. What are mono-gastric?

2. Mention three examples of mono-gastric animals.
3. Explain the term ‘pseudo ruminants’.

CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
1. Which of the following is a non mammal? a. cow b. duck c. goat d. pig
2. The following are characteristics of mammals except a. they do breast feed their young ones b. their
body is covered with feathers c. they give birth to their young one alive d. they get pregnant
3. 4. …… ….. is an oviparous animal a. cow b. pig c. goat d. turkey
4. Which of the following is a mono-gastric animal? a. cattle b. pig c. sheep d. donkey
5. Which part of the digestive tract of a fowl is similar in function to rumen in ruminant? a. crop b.
oesophagus c. gizzard d. proventriculus
6. Which of the following animals has simple stomach? a. cattle b. rabbit c. goat d. camel
7. The largest stomach compartment of a ruminant is the….. a. rumen b. reticulum c. omasum d.
abomasums
8. The habit of bringing back already swallowed food into the mouth for proper chewing is termed a.
vomiting b. rumination c. synthesize d. digestion
9. ………. Is a pseudo- ruminant a. horse b. camel c. goat d. pig
10. ……… feed only on concentrate without fibre a. goat b. sheep c. cattle d. pig

1. The habit of regurgitation is common with ____________________________________________.
2. True stomach in a poly-gastric animals is the _________________________________________.
3. The complex stomach of a ruminant is made up of ___________________________ chambers.
4. The animals that give birth to it younger one alive are called _____________________________.
5. _______________________________________________ Is a pseudo- ruminant.
6. ___________________________________________feed only on concentrate without fibre.
7. ________________________________________________________ is an oviparous animal.
8. ________________________________________________ is an oviparous animal.
9. The animal that has feather and two legs is called _______________________________________.
10. The animals that are easily domesticated and live freely with human beings are called__________.
Essay Questions
1. What are mammals?

2. List any four examples of non- mammals.
3. List the stomach compartments of a ruminant.
4. State three uses of farm animals.

5. What are farm animals?
KEY WORDS:
1. Regurgitate
2. Pseudo
3. Ruminate
"Every person who seeks to practice agriculture with the full success which it admits—and that is
the natural aim of everyone who engages in it—must possess energy, activity, reflection,
perseverance, and a knowledge of all the kindred and accessory sciences." - Albrecht Thaer

WEEK: EIGHT

1. classify farm animals based on feeding pattern,
2. classify farm animals based on uses.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR:
SUB-TOPIC 1:
CONTENT:
Classification of farm animals based on: Feeding pattern/mode of feeding.
Based on the type of food they eat, animals can be grouped into three;
a. Herbivores
b. Carnivores
c. Omnivores
a. Herbivores:
These are farm animals which feed on vegetative matter such as grasses, chaff, yam, and cassava peelings as
well as forages. They are all ruminants.
Their teeth are specially arranged, modified and adapted to feed mainly on plant materials.
Examples are cattle, sheep, goat, horse, camels, donkey and rabbit.

b. Carnivores:
Carnivores or carnivorous animals feed mainly on flesh e.g cats, dogs.
Wild animals that are carnivores include lion, tiger and leopard etc.
These are of agricultural importance because they are studied under wildlife science.

c. Omnivores:
Omnivores feed on both plants and fleshly materials. Examples are pig, guinea-pig and poultry birds etc.
EVALUATION
Classify farm animals base on their mode of feeding and give three examples of each.
1. The farm animals that feed on vegetative matter are called _____________________________.
2. ___________ have teeth specially arranged, modified and adapted to feed mainly on plant materials.
3. Carnivorous animals feed mainly on _______________________________________________.
4. ____________________ are of agricultural importance because they are studied under wildlife science.
5. Omnivores feed on both ________________ and _____________________ materials.
Essay Questions
1. Define the term omnivores.
2. Give three examples of carnivorous animals.
3. What are herbivores?
SUB-TOPIC 2:
CONTENT:
Uses of farm animals
Farm animals are reared for the following purposes. They are reared for food, work, clothing,
security/protection, sport and recreation, fertilizer, medicine, raw materials and livestock feed. Let us explain
each of the usage briefly.
Farm Animals Main Products By-products

Cattle Milk, meat(Beef) Hides, horns, hooves, bones, blood, manure
Poultry birds Eggs, meat, Feathers, manure
Goat Milk, meat Hides, horns, hooves, bones, blood, manure
Pig Meat Lard, bristles, hide, manure
Rabbit Meat, fur Manure
Sheep Milk, meat Wool, horns, hooves, bones, blood, manure
Food:
Many food products are derived from farm animals. We get products like meat, milk, eggs from farm animals.
Also animal by-products like feathers, bones, blood, droppings/dung, fat/oil are derived from farm animals.
Food products and by-products from farm animals are very useful to man and industries.
Work:
Large farm animals can be used to work in the farm. Bullocks can be used to draw working machinery like
plough, harrows, ridgers while cultivating the soil. Donkey, camels are used to carry farm loads, while horses
are used for transportation.
Clothing:
Fur from rabbit and wool from sheep can be processed into clothes, sweaters and cardigans. Skins obtained
from cattle and sheep are used for clothing and leather materials. Leather can be used for foot wear, bags and
drum.
Feathers of poultry are used in the production of pillows and mattresses, hats and caps.
Security and Protection:

Some farm animals like dogs and parrots are used for protection. The dogs assist the guards while protecting
the house or searching for illegal items among travellers. Their barking alerts the occupants of a house about
strange movements around the house. Parrots also make some sounds to give information to its keeper in a
house. The noises of these animals alert the owners of the house of a possible intruder.
Sport and Recreation:

Farm animals like horses, rams and chicken (fowl) are used for sporting activities. Horses are used for games
like horse racing and polo game. In Mexico and Philippines, chicken are used for popular sport like chicken
fights.
Fertilizer:
Animal droppings from poultry, goats, sheep, rabbit and cow dung are good source of organic manure
(fertilizer) which is used to enrich the nutrient of the soil. That is what is referred to as farm yard manure.
Medicine:
Medicines are manufacture from substances taken from the body of some farm animals. Thyroid glands,
hormones (insulin) taken from the body of sheep and cattle can be used to treat diabetes. For example, insulin
is used to treat diabetes. Vaccine is obtained from egg white (albumen) which is used by doctors to treat
people.
Raw materials:
Some animal products and by-products are used by the agro-allied industries.
Animal bones and hooves are used for adhesives.
Fats are used to produce candles, soap and paints.
Livestock feed:
The bones and blood of slaughtered farm animals can be used as feed ingredients e.g bone meals and blood
meal.
1. _______ from rabbit and ______ from sheep can be processed into clothes, sweaters and cardigans.
2. Bullocks can be used to draw working _______ like plough, harrows, ridgers while cultivating the soil.
3. Animal bones and hooves are used for ___________________________________________.
4. _______________ is obtained from egg white (albumen) which is used by doctors to treat people.
5. Food ________ and ______________ from farm animals are very useful to man and industries.
CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
1. Which of the following is a mono-gastric animal? a. pig b. cow c. goat d. sheep
2. The following are importance of farm animals EXCEPT? A. food b. pest to crop c. medicine d.
income
3. Which of the following is an arborial animal? a. Goat b. dog c. cat d. domestic fowl
4. Which of the following is a small sized farm animal? a. doe b.ewe c. cow d. bull
5. The following are forms of farm animals EXCEPT. a. aquatic b. wild c. guard d. dairy
6. Chewing the cud is habit peculiar to a. goat b. rabbit c. snail d. turkey
7. Which of the following is not a mammal? a. camel b. horse c. snail d. rabbit
8. The following are breeds of rabbit EXCEPT a. Flemish giant b. Landrace c. Australia white d. Angora
Dutch
9. The following by-products can be gotten from pig EXCEPT a. hides b. lard c. hoof d. manure

10. Which of the following animal by-products is used for making adhesives? a. hides b. blood c. hoof d.
lard
Fill in the missing blanks

1. Chicken is to domestic fowl as --------- is to goat.
2. _______________________________ animals have their body is covered with feathers.
3. The term parturition, in farm animal husbandry, means process of ________________________.
4. The feeding habit of goat can be classified as _________________________________________.
5. The biggest stomach compartment of a ruminant, where food swallowed is temporarily stored is
known as _____________________________________________________________________.
6. Animals that can survive or travel long distance without water are known as ____________animals.
7. The general name for all farm animals is _____________________________________________.
8. Which farm animal is useful in sports and recreation? _________________________________.
9. The gestation period for cattle is __________________________________________________.
10. _______________ are manufacture from substances taken from the body of some farm animals.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS / KEY WORDS / VOCABULARY:
1. Dentition
2. Hormones
3. Albumen
4. Canine
5. Incisors
6. Molars
7. Premolars
"It feels good at the end of the day to know you made a product that other people are going to
enjoy." - Jericho Sanchez

WEEK: NINE
i. State the uses of farm animals.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR: The class begins with the educator asking why farmers rear animals
SUB-TOPIC 1:
SUMMARY OF THE USES OF FARM ANIMALS
CONTENT:
:
1. Source of food.
2. Source of livestock feeds.
3. Source of raw materials for industries.
4. Source of farm power.
5. Source of income.
6. Source of manure.
7. Source of employment.
8. Source of clothing materials.
9. For sports and recreation.
10. For religious cerebration.
11. For security purposes.
12. Means of transportation.
PRACTICE EXERCISE:
(1) Name eight farm animals.
(2) Name two by-products we get from each animals below (1) cattle (b) pigs (c) poultry
(iv) fish
(3) Mention four uses of farm animals.
(4) Mention two animals that can be used for security.

CONCLUSION
TOPICAL TEST:
1. A matured adult male cattle is called (a) bos taurus (b) bos indicus (c) bull (d) oryza sativa
2. A bullock is a (a) castrated bull (b) castrated chicken (c) female dog (d) layer
3. The process of giving birth to young ones by cow. (a) Beefing (b) Herding (c) Vealer (d) calving
4. The three well known breeds of sheep in West Africa are these except (a) The Ouda (The Fulani) (b)
Yankasa (and Balami) (c) WAD ( West African Dwarf) (d) white Bororo
5. The meat of sheep is called (a) mutton (b) beef (c) flesh d) chevon
6. Sokoto red (maradi), Kano brown, Sahel goat, Borno white and WAD goat are breeds of ___ (a) goats (b)
pigs (c) sheep (d) whales
7. Nanny is the name given to (a) a mature snake (b) a mature elephant (c) a mature female goat (d) a
mature house rat
8. Pork is the meat of (a) goat (b) chicken (c) elephant (d) pig
9. The uses of farm animals include all these except (a) food (b) clothing (c) umbrella (d) security and
protection.
10. Chickens are used for chicken fights while horses are used for (a) polo games (b) horse fight (c) begging (d)
hunting.
Fill in the blank spaces

1. Animals are sources of _______________________________.
2. Animals are sources of _________________________________________________.
4. Animals are sources of farm ____________________________________________.
7. Animals are a source of _________________________________________________.
8. Animals are good for ______________________________________________________.
9. Animals are used good for _______________________________________________.
10. Farm animals are a means of _______________________________________________.

"Agriculture is the most healthful, most useful and most noble employment of man." - President
George Washington

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www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

WEEKS TOPICS CONTENT

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

TOPIC: REVISION OF FIRST TERM’S WORK

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1. Feedmill is constructed to mill feed for ________________________________________ .

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

1. Land rotation enables the build-up of _______________________________________________.

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

1. Food for germinating seed is stored in the _____________________________________________.

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

1. State the two classes of vitamins and give examples.

PUZZLES / BRAIN TEASER:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

TOPIC: CLASSES AND USES OF FARM ANIMALS

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Characteristics of work animals:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Characteristics of guard animals

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

PUZZLES / BRAIN TEASER:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

BREEDS OF CATTLE AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN NIGERIA

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Examples of sheep /Breeds of Sheep and their distribution

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Fill in the missing blank spaces.

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

TOPIC: CLASSES AND USES OF FARM ANIMALS

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Characteristics of local fowls

(i) Light Breeders:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

DIAGRAM OF THE MAP OF NIGERIA SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF LIVESTOCK IN NIGERIA.

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

a. Food/Availability of good pasture

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Fill in the blank spaces below.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS / KEY WORDS / VOCABULARY:

PUZZLES / BRAIN TEASER:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Classification based on the size of animal

Large farm animals

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Classification based on habitat

1. Terrestrial farm animals

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

2. Aquatic farm animals:

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www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction

Fill in the blank spaces below.

PUZZLES / BRAIN TEASER:

www.deeperlifehighschool.org …leadership with distinction