Knowledge Organiser: Transformations (10)

What you need to know: A transformation is a way of changing the size or position of a shape. Key Terms:
Congruent and similar shapes Transformation: This means
There are 4 types of Transformations: Congruent: This is when the shapes are an identical shape and something about the shape has
size. ‘changed’.
These are pairs of
Reflection congruent shapes
because they are the
Reflection: A shape has been
flipped using a mirror line.
Rotation same shape and size.

Similar: This is when the shapes have the same size angles or Reflectional Symmetry: A type
one is an enlargement of the other.
Translation These are pairs
of symmetry where one half of
an image is the reflection of the
of similar shapes other half.
Enlargement because one is
an enlargement
of the other. Rotation: A shape has been
turned.
Reflection
A transformation in which an object is reflected across a line, creating a mirror image. Hegarty maths clip numbers Translation: A movement of a
shape using a vector.
The distance from the mirror Translations – 637 & 628
line needs to be the same for
the reflection as the original Reflections – 639 to 641 Enlargement: A change in size,
shape. either bigger or smaller.
Enlargements – 642 to 647
Rotations – 648 & 649 Congruent: These shapes are the
Reflectional symmetry: A type of symmetry where one half of an image is the reflection of same shape and same size but
Describing Transformations – 650
the other half. You can have many lines of symmetry. can be in any orientation.
to 654

Similar: Two shapes are

mathematically similar if one is
an enlargement of the other.
 Knowledge Organiser: Transformations (10)
What you need to know: A transformation is a way of changing the size or position of a shape. Enlargement
Rotation An enlargement is when a shape changes in size by using a scale
The size does not change but the shape is turned around a point. We must use tracing factor. The scale factor can make a shape bigger or smaller. A scale
1
paper. We need to rotate using a given number of degrees. We need the: factor of 2 = shape doubles in size, a scale factor of would halve
2
• Centre the size.
• Number of
degrees Enlarge shape A by scale factor 3.
• Direction Scale factor 3 –
Rotate shape A anti-clockwise about (1,1). Multiply each
side length by 3.
We need to put our pencil It does not
on this centre point to matter where
complete the rotation with you draw it .
our tracing paper.

From a centre: Enlarge shape A, scale factor 2, centre (0, 0).

It is important that you answers for this question is in a specific
Translation place because it is from a centre point.
A transformation is where every point of a shape moves the same distance in the same direction.
The distance and direction is specified by a vector.
This distance has
been doubled to
The vector to go with this get to this point.
transformation is 52 . Scale factor 2 -
This means 5 Double the
spaces to distance
the right. between each
This means 2
Centre vertex (corner)
spaces up.
Top = Left (-) Right (+) point and the centre
Bottom = Down (-) Up (+) (0,0). of enlargement.