Name: ____________________

Class: ____________

CHUYÊN ĐỀ:
CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG - PASSIVE VOICE

I. Định nghĩa
- Câu bị động là câu được dùng khi muốn nhấn mạnh đến đối tượng chịu tác
động của hành động. Mỗi thì sử dụng thì cấu trúc của câu bị động cũng thay đổi
theo.
II. Công thức

Chủ động: S + V + O + (place/ time)

Bị động:  S + to be PII/ Ved + (place) (by O) + (time)

*Chú ý: Nếu S - chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là:

+ Đại từ nhân xưng: I, you, we, they, he, she, it.
+ Đại từ bất định: people, everyone, someone, anyone, …
 Ta không cần by trong câu bị động.
III. Bài tập
1. Thì hiện tại đơn (Present Simple Tense)
S+V+O
 S + am/ is/ are + PII/ Ved (by O)

1. People speak English all over the world.

S V O place
 English is spoken all over the world.

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2. Our friends send these postcards to us.
S V O (trạng từ)
 ………………………………………………..
3. They keep this room tidy: gọn gàng all the time.
S V O adj time
 ………………………………………………..
4. They don’t teach French in my school.
S V O place
 ………………………………………………..
5. The waiter: bồi bàn brings me this dish: món ăn.
S V O1 O2
 This dish is brought to me by the waiter.
I am brought this dish by the waiter.
6. My father waters this flower every morning.
S V O time
 This flower is watered by my father every morning.
7. People don’t use this road very often.
 ………………………………………………..
8. They keep this room tidy: gọn gàng all the time.
 This room is kept tidy all the time.
9. He hides the broken cup in the drawers.
 ………………………………………………..
10. They find the new project worthless.
 ………………………………………………..
11. They often plant trees in our neighborhood.
 ………………………………………………..
12. They use household and gradient waste to make compost.
 ………………………………………………..
13. We don’t catch the bus every morning.
 ………………………………………………..
14. Does he write a report: bản báo cáo daily: hằng ng?
 Is a report written daily?
15. Do they teach Vietnamese here?

2
 ………………………………………………..
2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous Tense)
S + am/ is/ are + V_ing + O  S + am/ is/ are + being PII / Ved (by O)

1. Anna is having her hair cut tomorrow.

S V O time
 ………………………………………………..
2. Mrs. Green is cooking the food in the kitchen.
S V O place
 The food is being cooked in the kitchen by Mrs. Green.
3. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
S V O place
 ………………………………………………..
4. They are painting the living room light blue.
S V O trạng từ
 The living room is being painted light blue.
5. Is she making big pizzas for the party?
S V O place
 ………………………………………………..
6. Is she going to write a poem: bài thơ?
S V O
 ………………………………………………..
7. They are repairing: sửa chữa their shoes.
S V O
 ………………………………………………..
8. They are learning English in the room.
 ………………………………………………..
9. The chief engineer: kỹ sư điều hành is instructing: chỉ dẫn( công việc) ;
guide: chỉ dẫn( dùng cho du lịch) all the workers of the plan.
 All the workers of the plan are being instructed by the chief engineer.
Pioneer; volunteer
10. Mary is cutting a cake with a sharp knife.
 ………………………………………………..

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11. They are buying a new apartment at the moment.
 ………………………………………………..
12. They are moving the fridge into the living room.
 ………………………………………………..
13. Ann is feeding the cats in the backyard.
 ………………………………………………..
14. Our teachers are explaining the English grammar.
 ………………………………………………..
15. Nam is cleaning his room at present.
 ………………………………………………..
3. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect Tense)
S + have/ has + PII/ Ved + O  S + have/ has + been + PII/ Ved (by O)

1. Tom has seen this film before.

S V O time
 ………………………………………………..
2. Nina has read the newspaper already: đã.
S V O time
 The newspaper has been read by Nina already.
3. They have seen these movies yet.
S V O time
 ………………………………………………..
4. I have signed: kí kết the contract: hợp đồng.
S V O
 ………………………………………………..
5. These men have bought the tickets.
 ………………………………………………..
6. I have bought this teddy bear in that shop.
 ………………………………………………..
7. Vicky has found her hat.
 ………………………………………………..
8. I have lost my bag.
 ………………………………………………..

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9. We have finished the report.
 ………………………………………………..
10. I have done my exercise for three days.
 ………………………………………………..
4. Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple Tense)
S + Vcột 2/ Ved + O  S + was/ were + PII/ Ved (by O).
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given verbs.
1. J. K. Rowling wrote (write) her first book at the age of six.
2. Nowadays, Harvard University is considered (consider) one of the best
universities in America.
3. My sister was offered (offer) a scholarship to Oxford University last year.
4. Many famous professors: giáo sư and lecturers: người giảng dạy taught (teach)
here in 1946.
5. Many flowers and trees are grown (grow) around my school every year.
6. Why was not the floor cleaned (the floor: sàn nhà/ not clean) yesterday?
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences in passive voice.
1. Did they reconstruct the temple in 1903?
 ………………………………………………..
2.Thousands of people visited Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum:lăng mộ yesterday.
 ………………………………………………..
2. I didn't invite her to my birthday party last night.
 ………………………………………………..

3. They built the Khue Van Pavilion inside the Temple of Literature.
 ………………………………………………..
5. Why did many students visit the Temple of Literature before their exams
yesterday?
 ………………………………………………..
6. They built this church in 1973.
 …………………………………………………………………………
7. They didn’t look after the children properly. (phù hợp)
 …………………………………………………………………………

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8. Nobody swept(quá khứ của sweep: lau dọn) this street last week.
 This street was not swept last week.
9. Who wrote this book?
 By whom was this book written?
10. Someone switched on the light and opened the door.
 The light was switched on and the door was opened.
5. Tương lai đơn (Simple Future Tense)
S + will + Vnguyên + O  S + will + be PII/ Ved (by O)

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences below.

1) Non-renewable energy sources (use up) ……………….
2) In the future, motorcycles (ban) ………………from operating in many
streets.
3) Honeycomb coal (not use) ………………in cooking in the future
4) The tax on petrol (increase) ………………by the government in 2020.
5) The use of fossil fuels (reduce) ………………next year.
Exercise 2: Move the following sentences to passive.
1) My dog is sick, I will take him to see a doctor, tomorrow.
 …………………………………………………………………….
2) I will borrow this book from Tom.
 …………………………………………………………………….
3) I will be sell this old computer for purchasing news telephone.
 …………………………………………………………………….
4) Hung will introduce his girlfriend on his next birthday.
 …………………………………………………………………….
5) Will you hang the clothes in your house?
…………………………………………………………………….
6. Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verb)
S + will/ can/ may/ must/ should/ could/ … + Vnguyên + O
 S + will/ can/ may/ must/ should/ could/ …+ be PII/ Ved (by O)

1. You can't wash this dress.
…………………………………………………………………….

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2. You should open the wine: rượu about 3 hours before you use it.
…………………………………………………………………….
3. Members may keep books for 3 weeks.
…………………………………………………………………….
4. Passengers shouldn't throw away their tickets as inspectors (thanh tra) may
check them during the journey.
…………………………………………………………………….
5. We shall tow (lai dắt) the car to the garage.
…………………………………………………………………….
6. Visitors must leave umbrellas and sticks in the cloakroom (phòng treo áo
khoác).
…………………………………………………………………….
5. Should I take those books back to the library?
…………………………………………………………………….
9. You mustn't move this man; he's too ill.
.................................................................................................................
10. They ought to report the accident to the police.
.................................................................................................................
11. You must dry-clean it.
.................................................................................................................
12. After that they must return them.
.................................................................................................................
13. Will you leave him here tomorrow?
.................................................................................................................

7. Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past continuous)

- Sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ tại thời điểm xác định
VD: I was eating dinner at 8 p.m. yesterday.
- Sự việc đang xảy ra thì 1 sự việc khác xen vào trong quá khứ.
VD: When I was eating, the light went off.
S + was/ were + Ving + O  S + was/ were + being P2/ Ved (by O)

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1. Maria was writing poems at that time.
.................................................................................................................
2. Sarah was writing a letter when I came.
.................................................................................................................
3. I was reading books at 7 o’clock yesterday morning.
.................................................................................................................
4. They were breaking television at 9 o’clock last night.
.................................................................................................................
5. Nina was singing a song when you came.
.................................................................................................................

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IV. Các dạng trong câu bị động
1. Bị động với những động từ có 2 tân ngữ
- Một số động từ được theo sau nó bởi hai tân ngữ như:
give (đưa), lend (cho mượn) ; send (gửi), show (chỉ), buy (mua), make (làm),
get (cho),... thì ta sẽ có 2 câu bị động.
Eg: I gave him an apple.
O1 O2
C1:  He was given an apple.
C2:  An apple was given to him. / He was given an apple.
Eg: Tim bought a table in this restaurant: nhà hàng for the meeting tonight.
S V O place time
 A table was bought for the meeting in this restaurant by Tim tonight.
Tóm lại: 2 tân ngữ  khi tân ngữ thứ 2 làm chủ ngữ câu bị động  thêm “to”
hoặc “for” sau động từ.

Bài tập 1: Chuyển thành câu bị động

1. The waiter brings me this desert. Dessert: sa mạc
S V O1 tráng miệng
 This desert is brought to me by the waiter.
 I am brought this desert by the waiter.
2. She sent her old boyfriend the invitation.
S V O1 O2
 The invitation was sent to her old boyfriend.
 Her old boyfriend was sent the invitation.
4. She showed her identification card to the receptionist.
S V O1 O2
 The receptionist was showed her identification card.
 Her identification card was showed to the receptionist.
6. Jim baked this cake by himself for her birthday party yesterday.
 ...........................................................................................................................
7. Her boyfriend is going to buy an apartment for her next year.
 ...........................................................................................................................
8. The shop clerks handed these boxes to the customer.

9
 ...........................................................................................................................
9. Have you sent the wedding cards to your family?
 ...........................................................................................................................
10. My father moved the television into the bedroom for me.
 ...........................................................................................................................
2. Bị động kép
- Thường sử dụng với động từ tường thuật:
S1 + say/ think/ believe/ know/ hope/ expect/ report/ understand/ claim/
suppose/... + that MỆNH ĐỀ (S2 + V2 + O)
Chủ động:

S1 + think/ believe/ say/ report... + that + S2 + V2 + O

Bị động:
Cách 1: Dùng chủ ngữ giả “It”
It + tobe (phụ thuộc vào thì của V1) + V1 (pII) that + S2 + V2 + O

VD: They think that Justin Bieber is the most handsome in the world.
It is thought that Justin Bieber is the most handsome in the world.

Eg: They think that they will pass the exam.

 It is thought that they will pass the exam.
*She believed  It was believed that
 Chú ý:
V1  pII = said/ thought/ believed/ known/ hoped/ expected/ reported/ claimed/
supposed/ considered/ understood/...
Cách 2: Đưa S2 lên đầu làm chủ ngữ chính
 Nếu V1 và V2 cùng thì:
S2 + tobe (phụ thuộc vào thì của V1) + V1 (pII) + to V2

VD: They think that Justin Bieber is the most handsome in the world.

10
VD1: Justin Bieber is thought to be the most handsome in the world.

VD: People believe that the dinosaurs died 50 million years ago.
The dinosaurs are believed to have died 50 million years ago.

Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sử dụng câu bị động kép (2 cách)
1.They told me that you were the best architect: kiến trúc sư in this city.
 It is told that you were the best architect in this city.
 You were told to have been the best architect in this city.
2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost: băng tuyết.
 It was reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
 The flowers were reported to be killed frost.
3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business/ biz niz/
trip to England.
 I am informed that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
 The director is informed to take a business.
4.That officer announced: thông báo that the meeting was delayed until next
week.
 It was announced by that officer that the meeting was delayed until next week.
 The meeting was announced by that officer to be delayed until next week.
5. He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt: Ai Cập.
 It was discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
 This cotton was discovered to be grown in Egypt.
6. They promise that the performance will start on time.
 It is promised that the performance will start on time.
 The performance is promised to start on time.
7. He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
 ...........................................................................................................................
 ...........................................................................................................................
8.We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
 ...........................................................................................................................
 ...........................................................................................................................

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9.The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this
month.
 ...........................................................................................................................
 ...........................................................................................................................
10.They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
 ...........................................................................................................................
 ...........................................................................................................................
3. Bị động với “Have”, “Get”, “Make”  khiến/ nhờ ai đó làm gì
- Have/ Get sb do smt: Nhờ ai đó làm gì
Have/ Get smt done by smb

Câu chủ động Câu bị động

S + have + sb + do something  S+ have + something + done (by sb)

Thomas has his son buy a cup of coffee (something).

 Thomas has a cup of coffee (something) bought by his son.

S + get + sb + to do something  S + get + something + done (by sb)

Shally gets her husband to clean the kitchen (something) for her.
 Shally gets the kitchen (something) cleaned by her husband.

S + make + O + V (làm cho ...)   S + be made + to – V (by...)

The film made my sister cry.

O
 My sister was made to cry by the film.
Bài tập 3: Chuyển thành câu bị động
1. I have my brother repair my bike.
 I have my bike repaired by my brother.
2. Mary gets her mother to cut her hair.
 Mary gets her hair cut by her mother.
3. Kate had me send an email to her manager.

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 Kate had an email sent to her manager.
4. She had the server bring her luggage: hành lý to the hotel room.
 She had her luggage brought to the hotel room by the server.
5. He will have a tutor teach this lesson.
 He will have this lesson taught by a tutor: gia sư.
6. Our family had a foreigner: người bản địa take this photo on our trip last
year.
 Our family had this photo taken on our trip by a foreigner last year.
7. Kate made me send a message to her boss.
 ...........................................................................................................................
8. My mother had a doctor examine her teeth.
 ...........................................................................................................................
9. Mary gets her mother to cut her hair.
 ...........................................................................................................................
10. Irene will get the engineer to design an apartment.
 ...........................................................................................................................
 Luyện tập dạng trắc nghiệm:
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
1. We can’t go along here because the road _________.
A. is repairing B. is repaired C. repairs D. is being repaired
2. The story I’ve just read_________Agatha Christie.
A. was written B. was written by C. wrote by D. was written from
3. I’m going to go out and_________.
A. have cut my hair B. my hair be cut
C. cut my hair D. have my hair cut
4. Something funny_________in class yesterday.
A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened
5. Many US automobiles_________in Detroit, Michigan
A. manufacture B. have manufactured
C. are manufactured D. manufacturing.

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6. We_________by a loud noise during the night.
A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up
7. Some film stars_________difficult to work with
A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be
8. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? -I don’t enjoy_________at.
A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. being laughed
9. Today, many serious childhood diseases_________by early immunization.
A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented
10. Do you get your heating_________every year?
A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked
11. Bicycles_________in the driveway.
A. must not leave B. must not be leaving
C. must not be left D. must not have left
12. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony_________next weekend.
A. is going to be performed B. has been performed
C. will be performing D. will have perform
13. All bottles_________before transportation.
A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze
14. ______________________yet?
A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed
C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed
15. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or
Singapore where_________for administration, broadcasting and education.
A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used
16. The telephones_________.
A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. were invented
17. Lots of houses_________.
A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed
18. Gold_________in California in the 19 century.
A. was discovered B. has been discovered
C. was discover D. they discover
19. The boy_________by the teacher yesterday.
A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished
20. The preparation_________by the time the guest ___________
A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrived
C. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished-were arrived

14
21. A: “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”
B: “They’ve already_________sir. They’re on your desk.”
A. typed B. been typed C. being typed D. been being typed
22. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It_________of cotton.
A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made
23. They had a boy_________ the gardening.
A. done B. to do C. did D. do
24. We got our mail_________.
A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver
25. James_________the news as soon as possible.
A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled
26. My wedding ring _________ yellow and white gold.
A. is made B. is making C. made D. make
27. Mr. Wilson is _________ as Willie to his friend.
A. known B. knew C. is known D.know
28. References_________in the examination room.
A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used
29. Laura_________in Boston.
A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born
30. His car needs _________ [sth needs doing=sth needs to be done]
A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed
31. Her watch needs_________.
A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B
32. My mother is going _________ this house.
A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell
33. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are_________.
A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following
34. Have you _________by a dog?
A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit
35. The room is being_________at the moment.
A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean
36. It_________that the strike will end soon.
A. is expected B. expected C. are expected D. was expected
37. It is_________that many people are homeless after the floods.
A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting
38. He was said_________this building.

15
A. designing B. designed C. to design D. to have designed
39. Ted_________by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
A. got sting B. got stung C. get stung D. gets stung
40. These tennis courts don’t_________very often. Not many people want to play
A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use
41. I’ll get Minh_________this for you. .
A do B. done C. did D. to do
42. Those letters_________now. You can do the typing later.
A. need typing B. needn’t to be typed
C. need to type D. need typing
43. B: “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”
A: “Thanks, it_________especially for me by a French tailor.”
A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made
44. Somebody cleans the room every day.
A. The room everyday is cleaned.
B. The room is every day cleaned.
C. The room is cleaned every day.
D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day.
45. People don’t use this road very often.
A. This road is not used very often.
B. Not very often this road is not used.
C. This road very often is not used.
D. This road not very often is used.
46. How do people learn languages?
A. How are languages learned?
B. How are languages learned by people?
C. How languages are learned?
D. Languages are learned how?
47. Over 1500 new houses_________each year. Last year, 1720 new houses_______.
A. were built/were built B. are built/were built
C. are building/were built D. were built/were built
48. Tom bought that book yesterday.
A. That book was bought by Tom yesterday.
B. That book was bought yesterday by Tom.
C. That book yesterday was bought by Tom
D. That book was bought yesterday.

16
49. The new computer system_________next month.
A. is be installed B. is being installed by people
C. is been installed D. is being installed
50. Traffic rules_________strictly.
A. followed B. must followed C. must be followed D. must
follow

17
 MINI TEST
Change these sentences below into passive voice:
1. They told me that you were the best architect; kiến trúc sư in this city.
It was told that you were the best architect in this city.
2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.

3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to
England.

4. That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.

5. He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.

6. They promise that the performance will start on time.

7. He recommends that we should stay at the city center.

It is recommended that we should stay at the city center.
8. We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
It was believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9. The director notifies all the workers that they(all the workers) will have to
work extra hard this month.
- It is notified by the director that all the workers will have to work extra hard
this month.
- All the workers are notified to work extra hard this month by the director.
10. They have persuaded: thuyết phục me that they will go with me to the
stadium.
- I am persuaded that they will go with me to the stadium.
- They have persuaded to go with me to the stadium.

My
Yến: 10
Thư: 9, 10

18
My: 10
Linh: 9, 10
Ngân: 9

- Better late than never -

19