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TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
❑ Ports and Harbor
❑ Coastal Engineering
❑ Highway Engineering
❑ Airport Engineering
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During Typhoon Haiyan, the wave due to the strong winds

produced a wavelength at a point on the surface of the water at a
depth of 6 m. Determine the wavelength for a period of 5 seconds
for a shallow water wave.

Ans. 32.19 m
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A tropical typhoon hits the country with an estimated wind speed
of 140 kph. This causes a storm surge in a coastal town with a
period of 7.47 sec. In a point having a depth of 9 m. Compute the
wave height if it has a steepness of 0.14.

A.10.64 m B. 11.54 m C. 9.86 m D. 12.19 m

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A tropical typhoon hits the country with an estimated wind speed
of 140 kph. This causes a storm surge in a coastal town with a
period of 7.47 sec. In a point having a depth of 9 m. Compute the
wave height if it has a steepness of 0.14.

A.10.64 m B. 11.54 m C. 9.86 m D. 12.19 m

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Data on a traffic accident recorded on a certain intersection for the

past 6 years has an accident rate of 3890 per MEV. If the average
daily traffic entering the intersection is 410, find the total number
of accidents during the 6-year period.

Ans. 3493
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For the traffic data provided:
TIME VOLUME
6:00 – 6:15 38
6:15 – 6:30 42
6:30 – 6:45 39
6:45 – 7:00 40
7:00 – 7:10 35
7:15 – 7:30 44

Determine the peak hour factor.

Ans. 0.946
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The ideal capacity of road vehicles per hour is:

A.1800 vph B. 2000 vph C. 1400 vph D. 1200 vph

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The ideal capacity of road vehicles per hour is:

A.1800 vph B. 2000 vph C. 1400 vph D. 1200 vph

 HIGHER SURVEYING
A topographic surveying map scale using a scale of 1 cm = 40 m,
and with a contour interval of 1.0 m. The distance scaled on the
map between two adjacent contours is 15 mm. Determine the
slope on the ground in percent.

A.1.66% B. 1.77% C. 1.76% D. 1.67%

 HIGHER SURVEYING
A topographic surveying map scale using a scale of 1 cm = 40 m,
and with a contour interval of 1.0 m. The distance scaled on the
map between two adjacent contours is 15 mm. Determine the
slope on the ground in percent.

A.1.66% B. 1.77% C. 1.76% D. 1.67%

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A single initial application of bituminous material to an existing
bituminous, Portland concrete, or block surface or base is called:

A. Prime coat B. Tact coat C. Overcoat D. Seal coat

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A single initial application of bituminous material to an existing
bituminous, Portland concrete, or block surface or base is called:

A. Prime coat B. Tact coat C. Overcoat D. Seal coat

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Base Coat – A plaster coat applied prior to application of the finish coat.

Seal Coat – a very thin treatment of bituminous material which is applied

as a final step in the construction of certain bituminous wearing surfaces
of roads.

Prime Coat – The single application of liquid bituminous material to a

previously prepared and untreated road base.

Tack Coat - The single application of bituminous material to an existing

bituminous, Portland Cement Concrete, or block surface or base.
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Data on a traffic accident recorded on a certain intersection for the

past 5 years has an accident rate of 4160 per MEV. If the average
daily traffic entering the intersection is 504, find the total number
of accidents during the 5 year period.

Ans. 3827
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For the traffic data provided:
TIME VOLUME
6:00 – 6:15 375
6:15 – 6:30 380
6:30 – 6:45 412
6:45 – 7:00 390

Determine the peak hour factor.

Ans. 0.945
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Determine the maximum speed that a car can travel in a spiral

curve with transition length of 114.51 m whose degree of central
curve is 5°. Use arc basis.

𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟔𝐊 𝟑
𝑳𝐜 =
𝑹𝒄

Ans. 90 kph
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Maximum design speed through a roundabout for urban areas.

Ans. 40 kph

Maximum design speed through a roundabout for rural areas.

Ans. 50 kph
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A railway turnout has a frog number of 10. Determine the frog
angle of the railway turnout.

Ans. 5°43’29.32’’
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The maximum number of Vehicles that pass a point on a highway
during a period of 60 consecutive minutes.
Peak Hour Volume
The minimum distance that will permit a driver to complete a
passing maneuver without colliding with an opposing vehicle.
Passing Sight Distance
Divided arterial highway for through traffic with full or partial
control of access and generally with grade separations at major
intersections.
Expressway
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The ratio of the total volume occurring during an hour to the peak
rate of flow during a selected short time period within the hour.
Peak Hour Factor

A qualitative measure that incorporates collective factors such as

speed, travel time, safety, driving comfort and convenience and
operating costs provided by a highway facility.

Level of Service
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A qualitative measure that incorporates collective factors such as speed, travel time, safety,
driving comfort and convenience and operating costs provided by a highway facility.
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Number of vehicles per unit distance occupying a section of a
roadway at a given instant of time.
Traffic Density
The number of vehicles moving in a specified direction on a
given lane that pass a given point during a specified unit of time.
Traffic Volume

Ability of the roadway to accommodate traffic volume.

Traffic Capacity
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Traffic Volume – the total number of vehicles that pass

over a given point or section of a lane or roadway
during a given time interval;

Traffic Flow – the equivalent hourly rate at which

vehicles pass over a given point or section of a lane or
roadway during a given time interval
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Standard sign shape which is reserved exclusively for the stop sign.
Octagon
Standard shape for a sign which is exclusive for yield.
Equilateral Triangle
Standard sign shape reserved for advance warning of a railroad crossing.
Round
Standard sign shape for warning of existing or possible hazard.
Diamond
Standard sign shape for guide or information signs.
Rectangle
Shape of signs that can be used for recreational area signs.
Trapezoid
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Standard color used for background of construction and maintenance signs.
Orange
Standard color used for background color of informatory signs.
Blue
Centerlines of pavement marking which consist of a single broken yellow line used on two-
lane, two way streets.
Passing is permitted from either direction

Pavement markings which consist of a solid yellow centerline on either side of the broken
line.
Passing is prohibited from the direction that is immediately adjacent to the solid
line

Pavement markings which consist of a double solid yellow center line that is used for tow
way streets. Passing is prohibited in both directions
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Structure that protects the harbor from stormy waves and
permits calm in the harbor.
Breakwater
A solid structure that projects into the sea perpendicular to the
shore to berth vessels.
Jetty

Platform built in the harbor parallel to the shore and backed up

by the ground.
Quay
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Wave at a point where the water depth is equal to ½ the
wavelength or greater.
Deepwater Wave
A hypothetical wave having a wave height and period equal to
the wave height and period of the largest 1/3 of all the waves.
Significant Wave

Datum line for the design of port facilities in accordance with

the charts being used by the Philippine Ports Authority.
Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW)
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Facility where passengers connect from ground transportation
to air transportation.
Airport
It encompasses the planning, design, and construction of
terminals, runways, and navigation aids to provide for
passenger and freight service.
Airport Engineering

It is the science of designing, developing, and assembling

aircraft.
Aviation Engineering
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It is a closed building structure to hold aircraft, spacecraft or
tanks in protective storage.
Hangar
The area where an aircraft lands or takes off. It can be grass, or
packed dirt, or a hard surface such as asphalt or concrete.
Runway
The areas where the aircraft parks.
Apron
Is a path on an airport connecting runways with ramps, hangars,
terminals and other facilities.
Taxiway
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PPA – Philippine Ports Authority
FIFO – First In First Out
NAMRIA – National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
PNR – Philippine National Railways
ODAS – Ocean Data Acquisition System
RFID – Radio Frequency Identification
ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization
IATA – International Air Transport Association
ATO – Air Transportation Office
CAAP – Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
PIEV – Perception, Intellection, Emotion and Volition
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