Cathodic Protection

FICHTNER
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
DOC Nº: REV:
A: Approved to proceed C: Reject Sign:

☐ ☐ To be re-submitted
Date:
☐ B: Approved to proceed
Subject to ☐ D: Information only
Comments:
THIS APPROVAL OF GENERAL COMPLIANCE WITH THE CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS

DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A BLANKET APPROVAL OF ALL DIMENSIONS, QUANTITIES AND
DETAILS OF MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT OR ITEMS SHOWN OR DESCRIBED AND DOES NOT
RELIEVE THE CONTRACTOR OF ANY RESPONSIBILITY CONCERNING THE
REQUIREMENTS STIPULATED OR IMPLIED BY THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS.
00B For Approval BA STC 07-05-2023

00A For Approval BA IA 18-01-2023
REV DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED DATE
SALINE WATER CONVERSION CORPORATION

KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
REPLACEMENT OF ENDED LIFETIME TECHNOLOGIES AND

ASSETS FOR SHUQAIQ PHASE 1 DESALINATION PLANT
‫استبدال التقنية واﻷصول ذات العمر اﻻفتراضي المنتهي لمحطة‬

‫الشقيق‬
‫المرحلة اﻷولى‬
‫المهندس‬
Fichtner Consulting Engineers Limited
ENGINEER
‫مقاول‬
ACCIONA – RTCC (JV)
CONTRACTOR
LOCATION TITLE:
CATHODIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT SUBMITTAL
SCALE DOCUMENT No:

REV: 00B
20SWCG00051 - 1 - 100 - 0000LM - 1MM - MA - 000017
SUBCONTRACTOR: Sheet 1 of 3
SA06C2-WM-00-M-0017
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
 APPENDIX I : CATHODIC PROTECTION BASE DESIGN

 APPENDIX II : GENERAL LAYOUT FOR CP INSTALLATION

20SWCG00051-1-100-0000LM-1MM-MA-000017_B
Sheet 2 of 3
Replacement of ended Lifetime Technologies and Assets for Shuqaiq Phase 1 Desalination Plant
SA06C2-WM-00-M-0017
APPENDIX I CATHODIC PROTECTION BASE DESIGN

20SWCG00051-1-100-0000LM-1MM-MA-000017_B
KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA Page: 2 of 33
Saline Water Conversion Corporation
REPLACEMENT OF ENDED LIFETIME TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSETS FOR SHUQUAIQ PHASE-1
DESALINATION PLANT
Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 6
2. Scope of work ................................................................................................................. 6
3. Installation drawings Abbreviation and Symbols .............................................................. 6
4. Reference Documents ..................................................................................................... 6
5. Design basis and Methodology ........................................................................................ 7
5.1 Structure Details .............................................................................................................. 7
5.2 Proposed CP system Details............................................................................................. 7
5.2.1 Temporary CP system .............................................................................................. 7
5.2.2 Permanent CP system .............................................................................................. 8
5.2.3 Existing Pipeline in Common Corridor ..................................................................... 8
5.2.4 Existing CP system of nearby structures .................................................................. 8
5.2.5 Over Head High Voltage Power Line ........................................................................ 8
5.2.6 Thrust Boring Crossing ............................................................................................. 9
5.2.7 Isolation Test Station................................................................................................ 9
5.2.8 Potential Test Station ............................................................................................... 9
5.2.9 CP Equipment Monitoring........................................................................................ 9
6. Design Consideration .................................................................................................... 10
6.1 Soil Resistivity ................................................................................................................ 10
6.2 Design current density ................................................................................................... 10
6.3 Protection criteria .......................................................................................................... 11
6.4 System Design Life ......................................................................................................... 11
7. Design calculation for Temporary CP system .................................................................. 12
7.1 Variable Constant .......................................................................................................... 12
7.2 Design guidelines and parameters ................................................................................ 12
7.3 Design Current ............................................................................................................... 13
7.4 Anode to ground Resistance .......................................................................................... 13
7.5 Anode current output .................................................................................................... 13
7.6 Anode Quantity based on current output ..................................................................... 13
7.7 Anode Quantity based on Anode weight....................................................................... 13
7.8 Design Life ...................................................................................................................... 14
7.9 Recommendation .......................................................................................................... 14
Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Fichtner Consulting THREE LIONS FACTORY
ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
Engineers Limited for Cathodic Protection
DESALINATION PLANT
8. Design Calculation for Permanent CP system ................................................................. 15

8.1 CP current Requirement Calculation ............................................................................. 15
8.2 Calculation of New CP station at KM 0+000 .................................................................. 15
8.2.1 Design guidelines and parameters ......................................................................... 15
8.2.2 Required No of Anodes to meet rated current output .......................................... 16
8.2.3 Anode Lifetime Calculation .................................................................................... 16
8.2.4 Anode Bed Remoteness Calculation ...................................................................... 16
8.2.5 Circuit Resistance ................................................................................................... 17
8.2.1 Transformer Rectifier Voltage Required ................................................................ 18
9. Installation Guideline .................................................................................................... 19
9.1 General........................................................................................................................... 19
9.2 Scope.............................................................................................................................. 19
9.3 Quality Control ............................................................................................................... 19
9.4 Safety ............................................................................................................................. 19
9.5 Material Handling .......................................................................................................... 19
9.6 Transformer Rectifier Installation .................................................................................. 19
9.7 Deep well Anode Bed Installation.................................................................................. 19
9.8 Junction Box Installation ................................................................................................ 20
9.9 Cable connection ........................................................................................................... 20
9.10 Cable Laying ................................................................................................................... 20
9.11 Temporary CP installation.............................................................................................. 21
9.12 Potential Test Stations ................................................................................................... 21
9.13 Isolation Coupling Test Station ...................................................................................... 21
9.14 Permanent Reference Electrode.................................................................................... 21
10. Bill of Material for Permanent CP at KM 0+000 .............................................................. 22
11. BOM for Temporary CP System for Pipeline ................................................................... 23
12. Material Specifications .................................................................................................. 24
12.1 Magnesium Anode ......................................................................................................... 24
12.2 MMO Tubular Anode for Permanent CP system ........................................................... 24
12.3 Transformer Rectifier..................................................................................................... 24
12.4 Cables ............................................................................................................................. 25
12.5 Junction Box ................................................................................................................... 25
12.6 Test Stations (Potential/Current/Coupon/Isolation coupling) ...................................... 25

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
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12.7 Permanent Reference Electrode.................................................................................... 25

12.8 Coating Repair................................................................................................................ 25
12.9 Connection to Pipeline................................................................................................... 25
13. Equipment Installation guideline Kilometre wise............................................................ 26
14. Site Survey .................................................................................................................... 27
14.1 Soil Resistivity Report for Temporary CP ....................................................................... 28
14.2 Soil Resistivity value for the Permanent CP ................................................................... 29
15. Soil Resistivity - WENNER 4-Pin Method......................................................................... 31

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
Design Report for Temporary and Permanent

Cathodic Protection System

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
1. Introduction
Three Lions have been contracted by Acciona to provide an engineering design for a Cathodic Protection
system for underground Pipelines for the Replacement of Ended Lifetime Technologies and Assets for
the Shuqaiq Phase 1 Desalination Plant. The Pipelines details are tabulated below in Table 1.
Table-1
Sr. No Service Dia. (Inch) Dia. (m) Length (M)
1 Product Pipeline-1 56 1.4 1700
2 Product Pipeline-2 56 1.4 1795
The report provides a design for U/G pipelines of 1.4m dia based on information supplied by the
contractor and a site visit conducted by TLF.
TLF will develop the cathodic protection detail design to meet the cathodic protection required for this
project as per the Latest SWCC specifications.
2. Scope of work
The scope of work is limited to providing cathodic protection detail design, material supply, installation
testing, and commissioning of the CP system as per applicable engineering standards, drawing, and
mandatory requirements.
This document will cover Temporary and Permanent Cathodic Protection system designs supported by
detailed calculations as per applicable standards and SWCC specifications.
This detailed design package for pipelines includes the following for Temporary and Permanent Cathodic
Protection System
• Design basis
• Design calculations
• Bill of Materials
• Material Specifications
3. Installation drawings Abbreviation and Symbols
In the context of these documents, the following abbreviations shall apply while the rest is defined
accordingly throughout the documents.
CP : Cathodic Protection
DC : Direct current
HMWPE : High Molecular weight Polyethylene
ICCP : Impressed Current Cathodic Protection
NACE : National Association of Corrosion Engineers
SACP : Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection
THHN : Thermoplastic High Heat Nylon
3LPE : 3 Layer Polyethylene
4. Reference Documents
This section lists the Codes, Standards, and project documents/ drawings, which apply to the detailed
design.
Reference No Standard Description

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
Volume IX Electrical
SWCC Spec Specification B.9 Cathodic Protection
Works
Control of external corrosion of buried metallic and
RP0169-2013 NACE
submerged pipeline
Petroleum and natural gas industries Cathodic
ISO-15589-1 ISO
protection of pipeline transportation system
Project Drawings
Reference No Rev Description
20SWCG00051-1-100-0000LE-
A General Arrangement & schematic drawings
1E0-20-909301
5. Design basis and Methodology
5.1 Structure Details
The proposed pipelines are 1700 & 1795 meters long starting from the plant to the water tanks.
5.2 Proposed CP system Details
5.2.1 Temporary CP system
Pipelines will be provided with temporary CP for a minimum lifetime of (2) years / until the
commissioning of the permanent CP system. The temporary CP will be achieved using a pre-packed
magnesium Ribbon anode. Anode will be connected to the pipeline utilizing the installed
permanent CP test stations and temporary CP. These test stations can be normal potential test
stations and isolation test stations. A temporary CP system shall be installed to provide short-term
cathodic Protection only when:
a. The Permanent ICCP will not be energized within 30 days of the burial of any portion of
the pipeline and
b. The Magnesium anode installed during pipeline construction for permanent cathodic
Protection requirements will not provide enough CP (to achieve Temporary criteria) for
new pipelines or pipeline segments.
Sacrificial Cathodic Protection shall be considered for the following locations:
• For sections of the pipeline that are not electrically continuous with the bonded sections
and are buried for more than 30 days.
• For the section of the Pipeline where the measured potential is below the minimum
criteria.
The proposed arrangement for the Temporary Cathodic Protection system shall be as follows.
• Magnesium Ribbon anodes shall be connected to the pipeline via the Big Fink test station,
which shall also be utilized for a permanent CP system as a test point.
Notes:
1. At the middle of pipelines approx. 850 meters, a sacrificial CP system is proposed as a
temporary system that may be hooked to any test station as per convenience.
2. A sacrificial CP system is designed to provide the requirements for how long the pipeline
section should be provided and how many anodes; therefore, it can be installed in those
pipeline sections that can be backfilled after installation.
3. The temporary CP system shall be disconnected once the ICCP system is energized.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
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5.2.2 Permanent CP system

The pipelines (see table 1) will be protected permanently through Impressed Current Cathodic
Protection Systems (ICCP) using remote anode ground beds.
Cathodically buried pipelines are covered with impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) within
30 days of burial of any section of the pipeline. If this schedule cannot be met, provide temporary
cathodic protection in compliance with this standard.
An electric Power supply is available at the plant, so the same can be utilized for the location of a
permanent cathodic protection system. The electrical isolation with a big fink-type test station
shall be provided at both ends of the lines. However, due to coating breakdown and leakages, the
current requirement of the protection may be exceeded by the design, for which spare capacity in
the designed CP calculations shall be provided.
The Proposed CP system shall consist of one CP station at KM 0+000.
Table-2
CP System Location CP System source Rated Rectifier Remarks
AC power
KM 0+000 Transformer Rectifier 20V/10A
available
Hence the design considers new ICCP systems for the protection of the proposed pipeline based
on the following considerations.
1. Based on the current requirement and shorter lengths of pipelines, one CP system is
enough to protect the pipelines.
2. The total CP current requirement of the proposed pipeline is approximately 2.57 Amps,
hence the proposed ICCP system is substantially sufficient to meet the current
requirement of the pipelines in addition to spare capacity considered for future pipelines,
an additional 7.43 Amps are considered for unforeseen factors to meet the pipeline
protection criteria.
In addition to the Proposed CP system and to ensure Permanent CP for the pipelines, the following
are proposed.
1. Install Electrical Isolation on the pipelines at KM 0+000 and KM 0+690.
2. Provide an Electrical Isolation Kit for pipelines connected to tanks at KM 1+480, KM 1+540,
KM 1+610, KM 1+660, KM 1+730, and KM 1+780.
3. Provide potential test stations at the centre of pipelines for measuring pipe to soil
potential.
5.2.3 Existing Pipeline in Common Corridor
As per the drawing and information provided by the client, there is no existing pipeline parallel or
crossing these pipelines. Hence the bonding box is not required.
5.2.4 Existing CP system of nearby structures
Based on the site survey conducted in the Month of November 2022, there is no existing CP system
found along the proposed pipeline route within 250 meters of proximity.
5.2.5 Over Head High Voltage Power Line
Based on the site survey conducted in the Month of November 2022, there is no existing overhead
high voltage power line parallel or crossing to pipelines.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
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5.2.6 Thrust Boring Crossing

There is one road crossing at KM 0+460 but without casing pipe as per confirmation from the client,
hence no additional test post or anode is required for this crossing.
5.2.7 Isolation Test Station
The pipeline shall be electrically isolated from the station piping and any other buried metallic
structure along the entire pipeline route. Electrical isolation can be done using isolation
Joints/coupling.
If the pipeline is not internally coated with a dielectric material, internal coating shall be provided
on both sides of isolating joint/fitting to avoid internal corrosion at isolation joints. Station piping
shall be electrically isolated from the proposed pipeline at Plant entry/Exist. The pipeline shall be
electrically isolated from the grounded valve as well.
An isolation test station will be provided on both pipelines at KM 0+000 and KM 0+690.
Isolation test stations are not required for the aboveground connection of pipelines with tanks.
Surge arrestors are to be provided at the isolation joint as per B.9 section 18.9.3.6.
5.2.8 Potential Test Station
Normal Potential test stations will be provided at the centre of pipelines at approx. KM 0+860.
5.2.9 CP Equipment Monitoring

Local Monitoring
Test stations shall be utilized as a monitoring tool for Temporary as well as Permanent CP.
Remote Monitoring System
TR is equipped with an RMU facility pipeline ICCP station. The RMU will be installed in the TR
enclosure. The RMU will send the signal to DCS/SCADA through a 4-20mA converter or RS 485. The
monitored parameters as per B.9 Section 18.9 will be,
- DC output current of TR (across shunt (mV))
- Structure potential
- DC Low potential Alarm
Copper – copper sulphate reference electrode shall be installed close to Pipeline for ICCP station
0.2m from piping for continuous monitoring of the pipeline potential. Reference electrode tail
cable will be routed and terminated inside RMU. One monitoring cable will be connected to piping
using pin brazing and will be terminated in RMU to enable remote potential monitoring concerning
the stationary electrode.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
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6. Design Consideration
6.1 Soil Resistivity
The purpose of soil resistivity measurement is to ensure proper Cathodic protection design is done
based on the actual site conditions. The resistivity is used to calculate anode-to-earth resistance,
which affects the number of anodes required. The resistivity is also an indication of the
aggressiveness of the environment. Resistivity and corrosiveness have an inverse relationship. The
higher the soil resistivity, the lower the corrosiveness.
The following table (ASTM Special Publication 741) provides general guidelines for evaluating the
corrosiveness of an environment concerning resistivity values.
Resistivity Soil Classification

Ohm-cm Resistivity Corrosiveness
1 – 1,000 Very Low Very Corrosive
1,000 – 5,000 Low Corrosive
5,000 – 25,000 High Mildly Corrosive
25,000 – 100,000 Very High Relatively Corrosive
100,000 – Above Extremely High Progressively Less Corrosive
The site survey was conducted to collect sufficient data and information and to take the
measurements necessary to finalize the detailed design of the CP system following the mandatory
standards.
A soil resistivity survey was carried out utilizing the Wenner 4 Pin Method at a depth of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5
& 6.0 meters.
The summary of the Soil Resistivity result is tabulated below.
Sr. No. Location Soil layer Soil Resistivity (Ohm-m)

1 KM 0+000 to KM 1+700 3.0 to 4.5 Meter 14.28 ohm-m
2 KM 0+000 30 to 60 Meter 15.49 ohm-m
Soil resistivity values are attached in Appendix 1.

For design calculation purposes, the following value shall be utilized.
Temporary CP:
The pipeline route is sandy near the coastal area. Between 3.0-to-4.5-meter Layer soil resistivity
value of 20 Ohm-m will be utilized for the calculation of Magnesium Anodes.
Permanent CP:
A conservative soil resistivity value of 20 ohm-m shall be utilized for calculation related to the new
CP station at KM 0+000, however, a drill stem test resistance shall be conducted during the drilling
time to match with the resistivity value.
6.2 Design current density
The design’s current density values are selected from SWCC specifications

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
1. For Temporary CP
There is no defined standard for an acceptable current density with a 2-year end-
of-life as this temporary cathodic protection requires. Various papers deal with
coatings but none provide a definitive end-of-life current density requirement.
Because of the lack of definitive criteria, it is proposed to use a required current
density of 0.005mA/m2 as is the current Saudi Aramco practice (reference SAES-X-
400 Table 2 for temporary cathodic protection current density).
So, a current density of 0.005mA/m² is considered to calculate the protective
current required for the Temporary CP.
2. For Permanent CP, current density = 0.015mA/m²
6.3 Protection criteria
Temporary CP System
Section 18.10 of B.9, the protection potential to be reached shall be -0.85 V measured against a
Cu/CuSO4 reference electrode.
Permanent CP system
As per B.9 SECTION 18.5
The impressed current cathodic protection systems shall be designed to provide sufficient current
to achieve an “OFF” potential over the equipment and/or material to be protected, equal to or
more negative than – 1 V (measured against a Cu/CuSO4 reference electrode). “OFF” potentials
with a value more negative than – 1.5 V should be avoided.
OR
As per NACE standard SP-0169:
The negative (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with the CP applied. This potential is measured
concerning a saturated copper/copper sulphate reference electrode contacting the electrolyte.
Voltage drops other than those across the structure-to-electrolyte boundary must be considered
for a valid interpretation of this voltage measurement.
OR
The negative polarized potential of at least 850 mV relative to a saturated copper/copper sulphate
reference electrode.
OR
A minimum of 100 mV of cathodic polarization between the structure surface and a stable
reference electrode contacting the electrolyte. The formation or decay of polarization can be
measured to satisfy this criterion.
At the site, any of the above criteria shall be met.
6.4 System Design Life
As mentioned in Specs B.9 the service life of the cathodic protection systems shall not be less than
fifty (50) years. Anode ground beds with a lifetime of twenty-five (25) years will be accepted.
For an Anode ground bed, the design life shall be 25 years for Permanent CP.
For Temporary CP the design life shall be 2 Years.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
7. Design calculation for Temporary CP system

A model calculation is performed below for the Temporary CP system using Magnesium Anodes.
Calculation shall consider the following. The design calculation for the Temporary CP system for the
pipeline has been shown and the calculation result has been shown in the Table.
KM Pipeline Average Soil Resistivity
Sr.No
From To Length(m) (ohm-m)
1 0+000 1+700 1715 20
0+000 1+780 1780 20
1. Pipeline Length : 3495m
2. Pipeline Dia. : 1.4m
3. Soil Resistivity : 20 ohm-m
7.1 Variable Constant
A = Pipeline Surface Area (m²)
i = Current density (mA/m²)
Cr = Anode consumption rate (Kg/A-Y)
D = Pipeline Diameter (m)
d = Anode diameter (m)
EA = Anode open-circuit voltage (V)
ES = Minimum Protective potential required (V)
Ir = Anode current requirement (A)
IA = Anode current output (A)
L = Pipeline length (m)
LA = Anode Length (m)
N = No of Anodes
R = Anode to ground resistance (ohms)
UF = Utilization factor
WA = Anode weight (Kg)
Y = System Design life (Years)
ρ = Soil Resistivity (ohm-cm)
7.2 Design guidelines and parameters
For convenience and direct reference, the principal design guidelines and parameters from the
standards are extracted and listed below. Most of the parameters are from the Cathodic Protection
specification.
Parameter Value
CP system Type Sacrificial
Anode installation Horizontal
Anode installation depth 3m (assumed)
Anode Type Magnesium Ribbon Anode Pre-packaged
Anode net weight 0.72 Kg
Anode length (pre-packaged) 2.2m
Anode Dia (pre-packaged) 0.10 m
Anode Potential -1.75 Vs Cu/CuSo4
Minimum Protective Potential -0.85V

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Anode Consumption Rate 10.95 Kg/A-Y

Anode Utilization Factor 0.85
Cathode (p/L) current density 0.005mA/m²
Life 2 Years
Soil Resistivity 20 ohm-m
7.3 Design Current
The following formula is used to calculate the design current for the total length of 3495 m
= IxA
= I x (π x D x L)
= 0.005* 𝜋𝜋 *1.4*3495
= 76.85 mA
7.4 Anode to ground Resistance
Appling Dwight’s equation for horizontal installation, the resistance of the anode to the ground
shall be
𝜌𝜌 4𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴 𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴 2ℎ
𝑅𝑅𝐴𝐴 = �𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 � � + 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 � � − 2 + � ��
2𝜋𝜋𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 ℎ 𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴
Where,
ρ = Soil resistivity (20 ohm-m)
LA = Anode Length (2.2m)
d = Anode diameter (0.10)
h = Depth to the center of the Anode ground bed (3.0 m)
Anode to ground resistance (R) = 7.08 ohm
7.5 Anode current output
The Anode current output can be calculated as
IA = (EA-ES)/RA
= (1.75-0.85)/7.08
= 127 mA
7.6 Anode Quantity based on current output
The calculation for the no of Anodes required for the total length of 3495 m
Current required for Cathodic Protection (I) = 76.82 mA
The current output of one Anode = 127 mA
Therefore, No of Anode required = 76.82/127
= 0.604 say 1 Anode
7.7 Anode Quantity based on Anode weight
Total Anode weight = (Life x Consumption Rate x Required current)/ Utilization Factor
= (2x7.96x 76.82)/0.85*1000
= 1.44 Kg
Single Anode weight = 0.72 kg
No. of Anodes required = 1.44/0.72
= 2

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
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No. of Anodes based on current = 1

No. of Anodes based on weight = 2
For symmetry and considering 2 anodes for each pipeline:
Selected no. of Anodes = 4
7.8 Design Life
Design life calculation is based on the below formula
Life = (Total weight of anode X utilization Factor)/(C.R X current output of Anode)
Life = (4*0.72*0.85*1000)/(7.96*127)
= 2.42 Years
Hence a Total of 4 Magnesium anodes are required for the Temporary CP system based on
calculation. However, the actual location and no of anodes to be utilized shall be determined by
the site condition and filed test requirement.
Pipeline to soil potential shall be measured at the site and if the Potential falls below -850mV
additional anodes will be installed to meet the protection criteria.
7.9 Recommendation
Considering the above, installing the Temporary CP system is recommended as per the following
guidelines.
• Install the Mag Anode as per the actual requirement in Horizontal configuration as per the
project drawings within 30 days of the first days of burial of the pipeline at the Location
where soil resistivity is low.
• Measure the pipe to soil Potential along the buried section. The pipe-to-soil potential must
be more negative than -850mV.
• In case the pipe-to-soil Potential is found to be less negative than -850mV install another
anode at the mid location from the first location.

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8. Design Calculation for Permanent CP system

8.1 CP current Requirement Calculation
The below formula is used to calculate the design current of the pipeline
Ir = IxA
= I x (π x D x L)
Where,
A = (π x D x L) m² (Surface Area)
i = 0.015mA/m² (Current Density)
D = 1.4 m (Diameter of the pipelines)
L = 1495 m (Total Length of Pipelines)
Design Current Requirement (Ir) = 98.6 Amps
Spare current for Leakage = 1.0 Amps
Total Design current with Leakage = 1.98 Amps
Safety Factor = 1.3*1.98
Total design current with safety factor = 2.57
3 times the design current as per B.9 = 3*2.57
Calculated TR Rating as per B.9 = 7.7 Amps
The CP current requirement of the proposed line is 2.57 Amps. Hence proposed new ICCP system
shall be sufficient to meet the current requirement of the line with surplus capacity consideration
for existing and future pipelines.
A transformer Rectifier of Rating 10 Amps DC output shall be proposed.
8.2 Calculation of New CP station at KM 0+000
8.2.1 Design guidelines and parameters
Parameters Value
CP System Type Impressed current
Anode Installation Vertical (Remote-Deep)
Anode Type MMO Tubular Anode
Anode current capacity 6.4 Amps for 25 years (Manufacturer
Datasheet)
Anode Length 1 m (Manufacturer Datasheet)
Anode Dia. 25mm (Manufacturer Datasheet)
Anode bed active Length 12.0 m
Anode bed diameter 0.254 m
No of Anodes 3
Vertical Anode spacing 3m
Top of active column (from the ground) 30.0 m
Anode installation depth 42 m
Coke breeze length at Top of the Anode 1.5m
Coke breeze length at bottom of Anode 1.5m
Life (Anode Bed) 25 Years
Soil Resistivity 20 ohm-m (from site)
Remarks: Final Anode depth and configuration shall be modified to suit actual site
conditions while drilling.

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8.2.2 Required No of Anodes to meet rated current output

The required quantity of anodes can be calculated as follows:
n = ITR/IA
Where,
ITR = 10A
IA = 6.4A
Minimum required number of Anodes = 10/6.4
= 1.5 say 2
Selected No of Anodes = 3
8.2.3 Anode Lifetime Calculation
Single Anode Output = 6.4
Total No’s of Anodes Proposed = 3
Total Anodes output = 6.4*3 = 19.2A for 25 years
Total design current required = 2.57
Hence,
Anode lifetime when operating at total design current (8.64A) will be = (25 * 19.2)/2.57
= 186 Years
So, the calculated anode lifetime exceeds 50 years and complies with B.9 Section 18.5
8.2.4 Anode Bed Remoteness Calculation
Remoteness is a function of anode active length (L) and diameter (d).
Where:
%VOUT = % voltage rise that r is outside
Er = voltage rise at distance "r'' meters from the anode
IR = voltage of the anode measures to remote earth at current I Ampere
L = length of anode below grade (meters)
d = diameter of the anode (m)
r = distance (m) from anode to point of measurement
The below chart is a plot of the previous formula and given the remoteness curve for a single
anode bed with 12 m active length and 25.4 cm diameter.
Separation from the pipeline to the anode bed should be assured that the pipeline is outside
90% of the anode voltage gradient.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
Anode Remoteness
100.0%
Anode Gradient Inside Distance (%)
95.0%
90.0%
85.0%
80.0%
75.0%
70.0%
65.0%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Distance from Anode (Meter)
This chart indicates that the anode bed should be located at least 50m distance from the new
pipelines, however, the proposed anode bed will be installed at a 50m distance from the pipeline.
The exact location for the proposed anode bed is shown in the drawings.
8.2.5 Circuit Resistance
The circuit resistance includes the anode bed resistance, parallel resistance of anode cable tails,
Positive cable resistance, negative cable resistance, pipe-to-ground resistance, and effective
resistance caused by back EMF. These resistances are required to be evaluated to drive the total
circuit resistance.
a. Target Anode bed Resistance
Applying Dwight’s equation for vertical installation, the resistance of the anode bed to the
ground shall be
𝜌𝜌 8𝐿𝐿𝑎𝑎
𝑅𝑅𝐴𝐴 = �𝐿𝐿𝑛𝑛 � � − 1�
2𝜋𝜋𝐿𝐿𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷𝑎𝑎
Where,
ρ = Soil Resistivity (20 ohm-m) from survey data
La = Anode bed Active Length (12m)
Da = Anode Bed Diameter (0.254m)
Anode to ground Resistance (Rg) = 1.3 Ohm
b. Parallel Resistance of Anode Cable Tail
Cable Size Resistance per Cable
Cable Resistance
Anode No 1/Ra
(mm2) meter Length (m)
Ra (ohm)
A1 16 0.001672 52 0.086944 11.50
A2 16 0.001672 47 0.078584 12.72
A3 16 0.001672 42 0.070224 14.24
Total of 1/Ra 38.46
Equivalent Resistance of Anode Cables (RCA) 0.025
c. Positive cable resistance from TR to AJB, AJB Location

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
Positive Cable Resistance from TR to Anode Junction Box (RC+)

Cable Details
From To
Size Length Res(ohm/m) Cable Res (Ohm)
TR AJB 25 50 0.000727 0.03635
d. Negative cable resistance from TR to Structuring Location
Negative Cable Resistance from TR to Pipeline (RC-)
Cable Details
From To
Size Length Res(ohm/m) Cable Res (Ohm)
TR AJB 25 50 0.000727 0.03635
e. Effective Resistance caused by back-EMF
Effective Resistance caused by back EMF = 2/35
= 0.06 ohm
Total Resistance = Remf + Rg + RCA + RC+ + RC-
= 0.06+1.3+0.025+0.0363+0.0363
Total Resistance = 1.45 ohm
8.2.1 Transformer Rectifier Voltage Required
The voltage requirements Transformer unit is calculated below
V = ITR x RT + 2
= 10 x 1.45 + 2
= 14.5 + 2
V = 16.5 V
There might be some additional voltage drops across the resistances. To overcome this Proposed
TR Rating shall be 20.0 Volts.
Hence a Transformer Rectifier of DC output rating 20V / 10 Amps shall be proposed.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
9. Installation Guideline
9.1 General
In all cases, the Cathodic Protection system installation work shall be carried out in a manner such
that the requirement of B.9, related drawings, and the project drawings and specifications are met.
9.2 Scope
These specifications shall be applicable for all work related to cathodic protection system
installation. These works include but are not limited to the installation of impressed current anode
ground bed, Junction boxes, DC power supplies, and DC cables as a sundry item for support and
finishing of each Facility.
9.3 Quality Control
Installation work at all times be carried out within an appropriate quality control system, this should
be affected by strictly adhering to all materials approval requirements.
9.4 Safety
The installation work shall always be carried out safely, with all site personnel, staff, and Labour
fully adopting the project safety procedures.
All parties shall be particularly aware of the safety requirement concerning working in trenches,
hot work, and installation of electrical equipment.
9.5 Material Handling
All material associated with the installation work shall be considered fragile and shall be treated
accordingly. In particularly impressed current anodes shall be carefully handled. They shall not be
removed from their packing crates until immediately before installation. Any anode, which is
dropped, shall be rejected.
All DC cables shall be handled and stored to avoid damage to the insulation, and inspection of
insulation shall take place before installation.
9.6 Transformer Rectifier Installation
The transformer Rectifier shall be installed following the project drawing. The designated location
for TR shall be verified on-site before installation works take place. Oil-immersed rectifiers shall be
mounted a minimum of 300 mm above ground to minimize sand accumulation against the rectifier.
The unit shall be securely grounded before the connection of AC and DC cables. It shall be assured
that the applicable AC breaker at the associated substation is locked off before the connection of
AC cables. It shall be assured that the DC cables are connected with the correct polarity.
9.7 Deep well Anode Bed Installation
The deep anode ground beds shall be constructed as specified on the project cathodic protection
system layout drawing and shall conform to project specifications and applicable project drawings.
Before installation, the location for the ground bed shall be verified, and it is sufficiently distant
from buried structures to meet the requirements of the project specification.
Following verification of the design, or modified design, the ground bed shall be installed to include
the indicated anode quantity. The anode quantity shall not be less than that provided in the design
documents.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
The following procedures shall be followed during the construction:

The borehole shall initially be drilled at the location designated in the applicable project drawing.
The deep ground bed field location shall be verified and approved by the client before construction.
Initially, the boreholes shall be drilled to the required depth as per design. Once the borehole is
developed, drill stem and test anode resistance values shall be advised to determine the most
appropriate depth range for the active length, top of the coke breeze column, location, number,
and spacing of anodes. Drilling shall be continued, if required so, to a maximum required depth, or
to a depth indicated by resistance measurements to provide a suitable active length. The
designed/modified anode quantity shall be installed at a uniform separation to fill the active length
or at the separation as per the requirement of the anode resistance.
Anode cable ends shall be durably tagged. The anode leads shall be tagged before anode
installation to identify the anode point inside the anode lead junction box at the termination point.
The number one anode shall be the anode located at the bottom of the hole. Anode cables for
below-grade usage shall be inspected for insulation damage just before installation.
a. The inspection shall be conducted with a pulse-type holiday detector set at 18,000 volts DC.
Cables that do not meet the dielectric test shall not be used.
b. A visual and touch inspection of the anode cable insulation immediately adjacent to the head
of the anode shall be conducted. Anode leads with noticeable “necking” or an obvious
reduction in the diameter of the insulation shall not be used.
c. Anodes should be rolled, particularly while the anode cable is still on the spool. Rolling an
anode while the anode lead wire is on the spool can cause “necking” of the anode cable
insulation at the head of the anode where the anode cable exits the epoxy plug. This
installation-induced defect results in premature anode failure and is not detectable with the
electronic holiday detector.
Repaired anodes cables, anodes, or anodes with repaired anode-to-cable connections shall not be
used. Each anode shall be centrally located within the hole and shall be fully surrounded by the
calcinated petroleum coke breeze backfill according to the standard specification and drawing
requirements.
9.8 Junction Box Installation
All Junction boxes shall be installed per the project drawings and at marked locations per the
project specification.
Extreme care shall be taken at the time of Junction Box installation and the location of the JB is
such a place where all the Anode cable tails shall reach. So, the exact location of the JB shall be
verified and modified to suit site conditions.
9.9 Cable connection
All cable connections to the pipeline shall be by Pin Brazing. The connection shall be checked for its
strength by Tapping with the help of a Hammer. The weld area shall be coated after the connection
by applying a suitable type of Epoxy coating.
9.10 Cable Laying

All the cables shall be installed as per the applicable drawing. The burial depth shall be verified and
warning tape shall be provided on the top of the Cable. Care shall be taken to avoid insulation
damage to the cable.
ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
9.11 Temporary CP installation

Pre-packaged Magnesium ribbon anode shall be installed as per the location marked at the site and
as and when the potential drop below the required protection criteria. The anode distance shall be
1 meter away from the pipeline and installed at a Horizontal configuration. The magnesium anode
installation depth shall be at the same level as the pipeline bottom surface.
9.12 Potential Test Stations
Installation of the Potential Test station shall be done as per the project drawings. A potential Test
station shall be utilized to measure structure potential with the help of a portable reference
electrode.
9.13 Isolation Coupling Test Station
Installation shall be done as per the attached drawings. These test stations will be installed at
isolation flange locations near pipeline/plant transition points. Cables will be connected upstream
and downstream of isolation flanges.
9.14 Permanent Reference Electrode
Cu-CuSO4 permanent reference electrode c/w HMWPE cable shall be installed horizontally at the
middle level of the pipeline at a distance of 20 cm.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
10. Bill of Material for Permanent CP at KM 0+000

Sr. No Item Description Qty Unit
Transformer Rectifier oil Cooled 400V, 3 Phase, 60hz AC Input 20V/10A DC
1. output with inbuild timer and RMU System of 4-20mV converter C/W NEMA 1 Ea
4X Enclosure & sunshade as Per SWCC Specifications.
2. 16" PVC Casing X 6 M Long 1 Ea
3. Anode Junction Box 5-Terminal NEMA 4X, C/W Conduit & Support 1 Ea
4. Negative Junction Box 5-Terminal NEMA 4X, C/W Conduit & Support 1 Ea
25mm Dia.,1000mm long MMO Tubular Anodes with 16 MM² Anode tail
5. 1 Ea
KYNAR/HMWPE cable with 52-meter cable length.
6. 1 Ea
7. 1 Ea
8. Anode centralizer 3 Ea
9. Coke Breeze 50 LB per bag 40 Bags
10. 2” Dia. Galvanized pipe 6M Long for Anode support 7 Ea
11. 2" Threaded End Cap For 2" Steel Pipe Support 1 Ea
12. PVC Pipe Sch. 80, 25mm dia. X 6M 3 Ea
13. PVC pipe Sch. 40, 25mm, vented X 6m long 4 Ea
14. 25 MM socket type end cap 1 Ea
15. PVC Elbow, 25MM, 90° short Elbow 2 Ea
16. Cable: 25 MM² HMWPE Insulation +VE Header 50 M
17. Cable: 25 mm² HMWPE Insulation -VE Header 50 M
18. Cable, HMWPE 1C X 6mm² for test lead connection 50 M
19. Cable marker post type 3 Ea
20. Permanent Reference Electrode Cu/CuSO4 with 50-meter THHN/THWN cable 1 Ea
21. Miscellaneous items (PVC Cleaner & Warning tape, Cable Tie, etc) 1 Lot

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
11. BOM for Temporary CP System for Pipeline

Sr # Item Description Qty Unit
Magnesium Ribbon Anode Pre-Packaged in a cotton bag with a backfilling
1. compound of 75% Gypsum; 20% Bentonite and 5% Anhydrous Sodium Sulphate - 4 Ea
Anodes to be complete with 10 meters 10sqmm THHN/THWN Cable.
2. Big Fink Potential Test Station C/W GI Conduit and Marker Plate 2 Ea
3. Big Fink Isolation Coupling Test Station C/W GI Conduit and Marker Plate 4 Ea
4. Surge Arrestor 4 Ea
5. Cable, HMWPE 1C X 6mm² for test lead connection 200 m
6. Split Bolt Connector 2 Ea
7. Pin Brazing charges, ferules & ceramics, lugs for 25 connections 1 lot
8. Duct Seal Packet 5lbs. 2 Ea
9. Coating Repair kit APCS 113 or equivalent 5 Litre
10. Miscellaneous items such as cable lug, identification tag, cable Tie Rope 1 Lot

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
12. Material Specifications

12.1 Magnesium Anode
Magnesium anodes shall have an anode energy capability greater than 850 amp-hrs per kilogram.
Magnesium anodes shall conform to the following Specification:
Cu 0.02% Maximum
Al 0.01% Maximum
Fe 0.03% Maximum
Mn 0.5 - 1.3%
Ni 0.001% Maximum
0.05% Maximum, anyone other impurity and
0.30% Maximum, a total of all other impurities
Mg Balance
Magnesium anodes are usually packaged in cotton bags for installation in areas of medium to high
soil resistivities. The Packaged anodes shall be contained in a cotton bag that will absorb water. The
packaged cotton bag shall contain the 0.72Kg Magnesium anode and shall be filled and tightly
compacted with a low resistivity mix of 75% gypsum, 20% bentonite, and 5% sodium sulphate.
Length (without backfill) : 200cm
Length (with backfill) : 220cm
Width (with backfill) : 10cm
Weight without backfill : 0.72Kg
Consumption Rate : 7.96Kg/Ay
Anode Potential : -1700mV (Cu/CuSO4)
Utilization factor : 85%
12.2 MMO Tubular Anode for Permanent CP system
Anode Type : MMO Tubular Anode
Length : 1000 mm
Dia. : 25mm
Current Output : 6.4Amps for 25 Years
Cable Tail : 1C x 16mm2, KYNAR/ HMWPE
Anode Backfill : Calcined petroleum coke
Life : 25 years
12.3 Transformer Rectifier
AC Input : 400V,3-Ph, 60 Hz
DC Output : 20V/10 Amps
RMU : Signal communication through 4-20mA converter or RS485
KW Rating : 0.20 KW
KVA Rating : 0.22 KVA
AC line current : 0.32 A
Min Fuse Rating : 1A
Cooling Type : Oil Cooled
Weather Protection : NEMA 4X
Area Classification : Non-Hazardous
Installation : Concrete Pad-mounted.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
12.4 Cables
• SACP Anode cable tail shall be THNN insulated #8AWG (10sqmm) cable 10 meters in length.
• The Monitoring cable shall be 1C x 6sqmm HMWPE Insulation.
• ICCP Anode Cable shall be 1C x 16 sqmm KYNAR/HMWPE
• Positive and Negative Header Cable shall be 25 sqmm HMWPE
12.5 Junction Box
Type : Anode Junction Box
Terminals : 5
Shunt value : 50mV/50A
Weather Protection : NEMA 4X (IP 65)
Enclosure Type : Aluminium
Installation : Steel support PVC Coated with Concrete Pad
12.6 Test Stations (Potential/Current/Coupon/Isolation coupling)
The Big FINK ® cathodic protection test station is a field-proven, high-strength, maintenance-free
terminal for monitoring electric currents and potentials. Since 1976, the Big FINK ® cathodic
protection test station has been utilized worldwide by gas, oil, chemical, and water pipeline
companies.
These test stations are supplied with PVC or Galvanized Steel conduits.
Type : Big Fink (Lockable Type)
Head Colour : Orange
Number of Terminals : Minimum 5 Terminal
Conduit size : 3 Inch
Installation : Steel support hot dip galvanized with Concrete Pad
12.7 Permanent Reference Electrode
Type : Cu/CuSO4
Cable : HMWPE or XLPE/PVC or THHN/THWN
Installation Location : ICCP station.
12.8 Coating Repair
Type : Epoxy coating
Area of Application : At pin brazing Location.
12.9 Connection to Pipeline
Connection method : Pin Brazing

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
13. Equipment Installation guideline Kilometre wise

Sr.
Location Tag No TS Description Remarks
No
1 KM 00+000 ICTS#1 Isolation Test Station For Pipeline 1 – 1715M
KM 00+000 ICTS#2 Isolation Test Station For Pipeline 2 – 1780M
TR Transformer Rectifier Inside Plant
2 KM 00+000 D Deep anode Bed Deep Anode Bed Location
AJB Anode Junction Box Inside Plant
5 KM 00+860 PTS#1 Potential Test Station For Pipeline 1 – 1715M
6 KM 00+890 PTS#2 Potential Test Station For Pipeline 2 – 1780M
NOTE: ALL EQUIPMENT AND TEST STATION LOCATIONS MAY CHANGE ACCORDING TO SITE CONDITIONS
AND SHALL BE UPDATED ACCORDINGLY IN THE AS-BUILT DRAWING.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
14. Site Survey

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
14.1 Soil Resistivity Report for Temporary CP
Client Acciona RTCC JV
End-User SWCC – Saline Water Conversion Corporation
Pipeline Details Twin Pipelines of 1.4M dia

Soil Resistivity Report
Method 4-Pin Wenner Weather Clear
Location Shuqaiq 4 CP System SACP, Temporary CP
Soil Condition Sandy near coastal Date 23 November 2022

Layer
Pin Spacing Resistance Barnes Layers Average Resistivity
SR Locations at Resistivity
(cm) (Ω) Resistance (Ω) (Ω-cm)
(Ω-cm)
150 2.00 0-150 2.00 1884
Value= 1428 ohm-cm at 3.0-

SR-01
Average Soil Resistivity

KM 0+000 300 1.00 300-150 2.00 1884
to-4.5-meter Depth
(X:187837.807 450 0.60 450-300 1.50 1413
Y:1955663.027)
600 0.40 600-450 1.20 1130
150 5.40 0-150 5.40 5087
SR-02
KM 0+800 300 2.50 300-150 4.66 4385
(X: 188299.030 450 0.95 450-300 1.53 1443
Y:1955780.167)
600 0.53 600-450 1.20 1129
Remarks:
Anode shall be installed at a 3.0 to 4.5-meter depth. For the design calculation, a soil resistivity value of 20 Ω-m
shall be taken and used.
Measured by Reviewed by
Name Abdul Qadir Zathik Badre Alam
Designation CP Technician/Supervisor CP Engineer
Signature
Date 23 November 2022 23 November 2022

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
14.2 Soil Resistivity value for the Permanent CP
Client Acciona RTCC JV

End-User SWCC – Saline Water Conversion Corporation
Pipeline Details Twin Pipelines of 1.4M dia
Soil Resistivity Report (Location @ X:187837.807 Y:1955663.027)
Method 4-Pin Wenner Weather Clear
Location Shuqaiq 4 CP System ICCP Permanent CP
Soil Condition Sandy near coastal Date 23 November 2022
Average
Sr. Pin Spacing Resistance Layer Resistivity
Barnes Layers Resistance (Ω) Resistivity
No (cm) (Ω) (Ω-cm)
(Ω-cm)
Pin Spacing 5 meters onwards
1 500 2.30 0-500 2.30 7222.00
2 1000 0.90 500-1000 1.48 4642.71
3 1500 0.68 1000-1500 2.78 8734.91
4 2000 0.52 2000-1500 2.21 6939.40
5 2500 0.41 2500-2000 1.94 6085.89
6 3000 0.32 3000-2500 1.46 4577.42
7 3500 0.22 3500-3000 0.70 2210.56
30–60 meter layer resistivity

8 4000 0.16 4000-3500 0.59 1842.13
9 4500 0.11 4500-4000 0.35 1105.28
10 5000 0.07 5000-4500 0.19 604.45 1578 Ω-cm
11 5500 0.05 5500-5000 0.24 741.83
12 6000 0.03 6000-5500 0.07 211.95
13 6500 0.02 6500-6000 0.07 219.80
14 7000 0.02 7000-6500 0.07 211.01
15 7500 0.01 7500-7000 0.07 217.71
16 8000 0.01 8000-7500 0.07 224.51
17 8500 0.01 8500-8000 0.07 218.75
18 9000 0.01 9000-8500 0.07 227.79
19 9500 0.01 9500-9000 0.08 250.57
20 10000 0.01 10000-9500 0.04 112.10
6000-3000 0.17 1578.97
Pin Spacing 10 meters onwards
21 1000 3.10 0-1000 3.10 19468
1519 Ω-
30–60
meter
layer
cm
22 2000 0.94 2000-1000 1.35 8472

23 3000 0.53 3000-2000 1.22 7631

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
24 4000 0.25 4000-3000 0.47 2972

25 5000 0.13 5000-4000 0.27 1701
26 6000 0.07 6000-5000 0.15 952
27 7000 0.05 7000-6000 0.18 1099
28 8000 0.03 8000-7000 0.08 512
29 9000 0.02 9000-8000 0.08 476
30 10000 0.02 10000-9000 0.03 208
31 6000-3000 0.08 1519.49
Remarks:
Anode shall be installed in the active column length between depths of (30 to 60) meters. For the design
calculation, a soil resistivity value of 20 Ω-m shall be taken and used.
Measured by Reviewed by
Name Abdul Qadir Zathik Badre Alam
Designation CP Technician/Supervisor CP Engineer
Signature
Date 23 November 2022 23 November 2022

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
15. Soil Resistivity - WENNER 4-Pin Method

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
Wenner 4-Pin Testing Method

The most practical method of measuring soil resistivity is the Wenner 4-pin, which depends on
measuring the resistance of a span of the earth by current injection through steel probes inserted in the
ground.
The required equipment
• A 4-Pin Digital - Earth Resistance Tester Four steel probes
• Four insulated wire conductors
• Measuring tape
• Hammer (to drive probes)
• User’s Manual for Meter
Methodology
This method requires inserting four probes into the test area in a straight-line distribution and equally
spaced as shown in (figure 1), where the depth of the probe must be a maximum of spacing/20 (d ≤
a/20).
The cables should be connected between each pin and the corresponding terminal on the Megger device
panel. C1 and C2 are color coded as BLACK. P1 and P2 are color coded as RED. The terminals allow for
banana jacks or spade connectors.
Figure 1: Wenner 4-pin method arrangement

Data Interpretation
The 4-pin test meter injects a constant current to the ground through the outer two steel probes. The
current flowing in the earth develops a potential difference which is then measured by the device at the
two inner probes. With this information, the meter uses the ohms law (R=E/I) to calculate and display
the resistance in ohms. To convert the displayed resistance of the Ohms unit to a resistivity of Ohm-Cm
the following formula should be used:
ρ= 2 x π x a x R
Where:
ρ is the calculated soil resistivity (Ω-CM).
a is the spacing between testing pins (CM).
R is the displayed reading (Ω).

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
DESALINATION PLANT
The measurement depths could be decided as per client specifications and it is usually performed at 3
and 6 meters for temporary CP systems and shallow impressed current CP systems, whereas it could
reach up to 100 meters for impressed current deep anode beds. For the pipeline’s temporary CP
system, the test shall be performed at an interval of 1-2 kilometers along the pipeline and varies as
per client requirement, while for impressed current systems, the test shall be performed directly over
the proposed anode bed span of land.
Moreover, another formula which is called “Barnes” could be used to calculate the resistivity of soil layers:
Rlayer= (R1 x R2)/(R1-R2)
ρlayer= 2 x π x Rlayer x Slayer
Where:
Rlayer is the calculated resistance of the soil layer. R1 is the displayed resistance at depth no. 1.
R2 is the displayed resistance at a depth no. 2.
Slayer is the spacing between the top & bottom edges of the desired layer.
Practical Testing Recommendations
• It has been found that special care is required when testing: Eliminate interference due to leads
parallel to power lines.
• Cable reels with parallel axes for current injection and voltage measurements, and small cable
separation for large spacing (>100m) can result in errors.
• Ensure the instrumentation and setup are adequate (i.e., power levels, interference, and
filtering). Undertake operational checks for accuracy (i.e., a field calibration check).
• Reduce contact resistance (use salt water).
• Instruct staff to use finer test spacing in areas showing sharp changes (i.e., to identify the effect
of local un-homogeneities and give increased data for interpretation). Plot test results
immediately during testing to identify such problem areas.

ACCIONA-RTCC (JV)
Replacement of ended Lifetime Technologies and Assets for Shuqaiq Phase 1 Desalination Plant
SA06C2-WM-00-M-0017
APPENDIX II GENERAL LAYOUT FOR CP INSTALLATION

20SWCG00051-1-100-0000LM-1MM-MA-000017_B

Cathodic Protection

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FICHTNER

DOC Nº: REV:

A: Approved to proceed C: Reject Sign:

THIS APPROVAL OF GENERAL COMPLIANCE WITH THE CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS

00B For Approval BA STC 07-05-2023

SALINE WATER CONVERSION CORPORATION

REPLACEMENT OF ENDED LIFETIME TECHNOLOGIES AND

‫استبدال التقنية واﻷصول ذات العمر اﻻفتراضي المنتهي لمحطة‬

CATHODIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT SUBMITTAL

SCALE DOCUMENT No:

 APPENDIX I : CATHODIC PROTECTION BASE DESIGN

CATHODIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT SUBMITTAL

APPENDIX I CATHODIC PROTECTION BASE DESIGN

CATHODIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT SUBMITTAL

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

8. Design Calculation for Permanent CP system ................................................................. 15

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

12.7 Permanent Reference Electrode.................................................................................... 25

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Design Report for Temporary and Permanent

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

5.2.2 Permanent CP system

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

5.2.6 Thrust Boring Crossing

5.2.9 CP Equipment Monitoring

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Resistivity Soil Classification

Sr. No. Location Soil layer Soil Resistivity (Ohm-m)

Soil resistivity values are attached in Appendix 1.

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

7. Design calculation for Temporary CP system

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Anode Consumption Rate 10.95 Kg/A-Y

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

No. of Anodes based on current = 1

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

8. Design Calculation for Permanent CP system

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

8.2.2 Required No of Anodes to meet rated current output

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Positive Cable Resistance from TR to Anode Junction Box (RC+)

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

The following procedures shall be followed during the construction:

9.10 Cable Laying

9.11 Temporary CP installation

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

10. Bill of Material for Permanent CP at KM 0+000

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

11. BOM for Temporary CP System for Pipeline

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

12. Material Specifications

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

13. Equipment Installation guideline Kilometre wise

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor

14. Site Survey

Engineering Subcontractor Contractor Subcontractor