20-Mar-24 0 FOR APPROVAL KSR CMD PPR

DATE REV. NO. DESCRIPTION Designed Checked Approved

REVISIONS
EPC CONTRACTOR :
NSPR Constructions India Pvt.Ltd
#8-2-120/86/5-B, 2nd Floor,
Sneha House, Road No 3,
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034.
DESIGN DIRECTOR : PROOF CHECK CONSULTANT :
OMS INFRA CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD. Transwat Engineering & Management Consultants
Office no.713, Manjeera Majestic Commercial, Opp. JNTU 2nd^Floor, Kimtee Square,
Kukatpally, Hyd - 500085, Telangana Road No. 12, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034
CLIENT : AUTHORITY ENGINEER:
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways
Government of India
ROADS & BUILDINGS DEPARTMENT
Government of Andhra pradesh
(National Highways Wing)
PROJECT :

Widening and Reconstruction of existing road to 4-lane from Km 56+400 to Km 120+300 (i.e. from B. Kothapalli Junction to Gorantla) (excluding Kadiri Bypass from
Km 70+200 to Km 77+105) of NH-716G in the State of Andhra Pradesh on EPC mode under Annual Plan 2021-22

TOTAL NO. OF PAGES TITLE :

NAME SIGN DATE
DSGN KSR 20-Mar-24
Hydrology Calculation for Major bridge @ Km-88+095
CHKD CMD 20-Mar-24
APPD PPR 20-Mar-24
CODE REV.
DOC. No.
IRC/SP 0
O M S - K G - M J B - D N - 0 0 1

RELEASED FOR PRELIMINARY TENDER INFORMATION P APPROVAL CONSTRUCTION

Discharge Calculations For Major
Bridge at CH:88+095
 Hydraulic Calculations For Major Bridge located at Prop Ch-88+095

Input
Existing Chainage = 88+095 km
Proposed chainage = 88+095 km
Name and Number of Subzone = Krishna & Pennar Subzone 3 (h)
Latitude = 14.065205°
Longitude = 78.049300°
Skew Angle = 0 Degree
Deck Slab+Grider depth = 2.35 m
Wearing coat thickness = 0.065 m
Effectvie span/ water way at existing bridge site = 2x 30.00m
Peir Width = 1.5 m
Abutment width = 1 m
Width of super strcture = 14.5 m
Camber slope = 2.50%

A) Discharge Calculation By Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Method

Step : - 1 Physiographic Parameters

Catchment Area, ( A ) = 274 sq km From BHUVAN
Length of longest stream, ( L ) = 25 km From BHUVAN
Length of the main stream from the point near to the center of
= 13 km
gravity of Catchment to the bridge site ( Lc )
Computation of Equivalent stream slope(s)
Reduced Level of River

Height Above Datum*

Starting From Bridge
Site (Point of Study)

Between the Datum

REVISED AS PER AE
Line and its R.L (m)
Segment (Li) (km)
Reduced Distance

(Di)=Difference
Length of Each

(Di-1 + Di) (m)

COMMENTS
Bed (m)
Sl No

(km)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

1 0.00 563.000 - - - -
2 2.00 571.000 2.0 8.0 8.0 16.0
3 4.00 576.000 2.0 13.0 21.0 42.0
4 6.00 590.000 2.0 27.0 40.0 80.0
5 8.00 600.000 2.0 37.0 64.0 128.0
6 10.00 607.000 2.0 44.0 81.0 162.0
7 12.00 613.000 2.0 50.0 94.0 188.0
8 14.00 626.000 2.0 63.0 113.0 226.0
9 16.00 630.000 2.0 67.0 130.0 260.0
10 18.00 632.000 2.0 69.0 136.0 272.0
11 20.00 634.000 2.0 71.0 140.0 280.0
12 22.00 636.000 2.0 73.0 144.0 288.0
13 24.00 638.000 2.0 75.0 148.0 296.0
14 25.00 640.000 1.0 77.0 152.0 152.0
SUM 25.00 2390.0

(*) Reduced level of river bed at the point of study, i.e. 563m

2
Equivalent Slope S = ∑(Li x (Di-1 + Di))/L (From CWC report 3.4.1.4 b)
= 3.824 m/km

Stream slope
700.000 y = 3.1631x + 570.25
R² = 0.9358
RL in m

650.000
600.000
550.000
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
Distance in Km
Step : - 2 Determination of Synthetic (1-hr) Unit Hydrograph Parameters
Time from the center of Unit rainfall duration to the peak of Unit Hydrograph
0.447
tp = 0.325*[LLc / (S)^0.5]
= 3.14 hrs (From CWC report 3.4.3.2)
say 3.20 hrs
Peak discharge of hydrograph per unit area
qp = 0.996*[tp]-0.497 (From CWC report 3.4.3.3)
= 0.559 cumecs per sq km
Width of U. G. measured at 50% maximum discharge ordinate
W50 = 2.389*[qp]-1.065 (From CWC report 3.4.3.4)
= 4.44 hrs
Width of U. G. measured at 75% maximum discharge ordinate
W75 = 1.415*[qp]-1.067 (From CWC report 3.4.3.5)
= 2.63 hrs
Width of the rising side of U. G. measured at 50% of maximum discharge ordinate
WR50 = 0.753*qp-1.229 (From CWC report 3.4.3.6)
= 1.54 hrs
Width of the rising side of U. G. measured at 75% of maximum discharge ordinate
WR75 = 0.558*[qp]-1.088 (From CWC report 3.4.3.7)
= 1.05 hrs
Base width of Unit Hydrograph
TB = 7.392*[(tp)^(0.524)]
= 13.46 hrs (From CWC report 3.4.3.8)
say 13.50 hrs
Time from start of rise to the peak of unit hydrograph
Tm = tp + tr/2 (From CWC report 3.4.3.9)
= 3.7 hrs
Peak discharge of Unit Hydrograph
Qp = qp * A (From CWC report 3.4.3.10)
= 152.98 cumecs
say 152.98 cumecs
Step : - 3 Drawing of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph
Estimated parameter of Unitgraph in step-2 were plotted to scale. The plotted points were joined to draw
synthetic unit Hydrograph. The discharge ordinates of unitgraph at ti=tr=1 hr interval were summed up and
compared with the volume of 1.00 cm direct runoff as calculated below
X values Y values
0 0.00 0 0
Tm-WR50 2.16 Qp*0.5 76.5
Tm-WR75 2.65 Qp*0.75 114.7
Tm 3.70 Qp*1.0 153.0
Tm-WR75+W75 5.28 Qp*0.75 114.7
Tm-WR50+W50 6.60 Qp*0.5 76.5
TB 13.46 0 0.0

1-hr
Time (in Synthetic 200
hrs) U.G.
Discharge(cumecs) Q

ordinates
0 0
1 69
2 80
3 90
4 100
5 90
6 80
7 70
0
8 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
9 50 Time t (hrs)
10 27
11 19
12 16
13 8
14 2
Sum 760.6 cumecs ……1 ok

Sum(Qi) = (A*d)/(tr*0.36) (From CWC report Illustrative example 5.2.1)

= 760.6 cumecs ……2
Since Eq-1 = Eq-2, so unitgraph drawn is in order
Step : - 4 Estimation of design storm duration
The design storm duration (From CWC report Illustrative example 5.2.1)
TD = 1.1 * tp
= 3.52 hrs
Say 4.00 hrs

Step : - 5 Estimation of point rainfall and areal rainfall for design storm duration

( Isopluvial maps
100-yr, 24-hr rainfall = 20.00 cm
Plate-10 of CWC report )

Ratio of 4-hr rainfall to 24-hr rainfall = 0.65 ( from fig -10 )

So, 100-yr 4-hr point rainfall = 13.00 cm

Areal reduction factor corresponding to area 273.8sq km and TD=4 hrs

= 0.74 ( Annexure 4.4 )

So, 100-yr 4-hr areal rainfall = 9.67 cm

Step : - 6 Time distribution of Areal Rainfall and Calculation of Rainfall Excess

As per CWC Loss rate for subzone 4b is 0.1 cm/hr ( 3.7 of CWC report)

This 100-yr 4-hrs areal rainfall is distributed as below (from Annexure 4.3)

Hourly
Storm Design Rainfall
Duration Distribution Rainfall
Rainfall Loss Rate Excess
(hrs) coefficient Increament
(cm) (cm/hr) (cms)
(cm)
1 0.670 6.48 6.48 0.100 6.38
2 0.860 8.32 1.84 0.100 1.74
3 0.960 9.29 0.97 0.100 0.87
4 1.000 9.67 0.39 0.100 0.29

Step : - 7 Estimation of base flow

The design base flow

qb = 0.03 cumec per sq km

Total base flow for catchment under consideration

Qb = 7.80 cumecs

Step : - 8 Estimation of 100-yr Flood Peak

For the estimation of the peak discharge the effective rainfall units were re-arranged against the ordinates
such that the maximum effective rainfall was placed against the maximum U.G. ordinates, the next lower
value of effective rainfall against the the next lower value of U.G. ordinates and so on as shown below:
1-hr
U.G.
effective Direct Runoff
Ordinates
rainfall (cumecs)
(cumec)
(cm)
69.0 0.29 19.8
80.0 0.87 69.4
90.0 1.74 156.4
80.0 6.38 510.6
Total = 756
Base Flow = 8
100-yr
= 764
peak flood
(B) Discharge Calculation by Empirical Formula

Annual average rainfall in the project location = 20.00 cm

Description Ryve's (From Article-4 of IRC:SP:13-2004)

Value of C adopted in
8.500
the present case

Catchment area (M) (Sq

273.80
Km)
Discharge, Q (Cumecs) 358.41

Cum RD
(C) Discharge Calculation as per Area Velocity Method RL(m)
(m)

700 y = -0.0037x + 649.14

0 640.000
R² = 0.9774
2000 638.000
650 4000 636.000
6000 634.000
600 8000 626.000
10000 613.000
12000 607.000
550
14000 600.000
16000 590.000
500 18000 576.000
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 20000 571.000
22000 563.000
24000 560.000
25000 558.000
Average Bed Slope of River, S = 0.0037
Manning's Coefficient,n = 0.045
(3) Winding, some polls and Shoals, Clean - Fair (Bed condition)
(table 5.1 of IRC:SP:13-2004)

Calculation for Design Discharge-Upstream Side- (500.0m From PCL on Left Side)
HFL as per Design Discharge = 544.196 m
LBL = 540.196 m
Bed slope = 0.00373
Rugosity Coefficient n = 0.045 (3) Winding, some polls and Shoals, Clean

RL of RL of Avg Wetted
Distance Depth of Distance C/S Area Ht diff
Existing GL Modified HFL (m) depth of perimeter
(m) flow (m) Sqm (A) (m)
(m) GL (m) flow P (m)
0.0 547.000 547.000 544.196 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2.0 546.000 546.000 544.196 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.27 2.02
4.0 543.929 543.929 544.196 0.27 0.13 2.00 0.27 2.93 3.55
9.0 541.000 541.000 544.196 3.20 1.73 5.00 8.66 0.50 5.02
14.0 540.501 540.501 544.196 3.70 3.45 5.00 17.23 0.70 5.05
19.0 541.200 541.200 544.196 3.00 3.35 5.00 16.73 1.00 5.10
24.0 540.196 540.196 544.196 4.00 3.50 5.00 17.49 0.70 5.05
29.0 540.900 540.900 544.196 3.30 3.65 5.00 18.24 0.88 5.08
34.0 541.785 541.785 544.196 2.41 2.85 5.00 14.27 0.58 5.03
39.0 541.200 541.200 544.196 3.00 2.70 5.00 13.52 0.12 5.00
44.0 541.320 541.320 544.196 2.88 2.94 5.00 14.68 2.88 5.77
49.0 544.600 544.600 544.196 0.00 1.44 5.00 7.19 0.71 5.05
54.0 543.486 543.486 544.196 0.71 0.36 5.00 1.78 0.09 5.00
59.0 543.400 543.400 544.196 0.80 0.75 5.00 3.77 0.80 5.06
64.0 544.981 544.981 544.196 0.00 0.40 5.00 1.99 0.00 5.00
66.0 546.000 546.000 544.196 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.00
68.0 547.000 547.000 544.196 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.00

Total cross section area (A) 135.79 Sqm

Wetted perimeter (P) 70.8 m
Hydraulic radius R 1.9 m
Velocity V 2.097 m/sec
Discharge Q= AXV 285 m3/sec
550.000

548.000
Bed Level

546.000 HFL

544.000

542.000

540.000
Calculation for Design Discharge(Along Bridge Center )
Observed HFL = 542.196 m
LBL = 538.196 m
Bed slope = 0.00373
Rugosity Coefficient, n = 0.045 (3) Winding, some polls and Shoals, Clean

RL of RL of Avg Wetted
Distance Depth of depth of Distance C/S Area Ht diff
Existing GL Modified HFL (m) perimeter
(m) flow flow (m) Sqm (m)
(m) GL (m) P (m)
0.000 544.000 544.000 542.196 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
2.000 543.000 543.000 542.196 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.267 2.02
4.000 541.929 541.929 542.196 0.267 0.134 2.000 0.267 2.929 3.55
9.000 539.000 539.000 542.196 3.196 1.732 5.000 8.658 0.499 5.02
14.000 538.501 538.501 542.196 3.695 3.446 5.000 17.228 0.301 5.01
19.000 538.200 538.200 542.196 3.996 3.846 5.000 19.228 0.004 5.00
24.000 538.196 538.196 542.196 4.000 3.998 5.000 19.990 0.704 5.05
29.000 538.900 538.900 542.196 3.296 3.648 5.000 18.240 0.885 5.08
34.000 539.785 539.785 542.196 2.411 2.854 5.000 14.268 0.585 5.03
39.000 539.200 539.200 542.196 2.996 2.704 5.000 13.518 0.120 5.00
44.000 539.320 539.320 542.196 2.876 2.936 5.000 14.680 1.280 5.16
49.000 540.600 540.600 542.196 1.596 2.236 5.000 11.180 0.886 5.08
54.000 541.486 541.486 542.196 0.710 1.153 5.000 5.765 0.086 5.00
59.000 541.400 541.400 542.196 0.796 0.753 5.000 3.765 0.581 5.03
64.000 541.981 541.981 542.196 0.215 0.506 5.000 2.528 0.215 5.00
66.000 543.000 543.000 542.196 0.000 0.108 2.000 0.215 0.000 2.00
68.000 544.000 544.000 542.196 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.000 2.00

Total cross section area (A) 149.53 Sqm

Wetted perimeter (p) 70.039 m
Hydraulic radius R 2.13 m
Velocity V 2.25 m/sec
Discharge Q= AXV 336.44 m3/sec

545.000
HFL
543.000

541.000

539.000

537.000

535.000

Calculation for Design Discharge-Upstream Side- (500.0m From PCL on Right Side)
Observed HFL = 540.196 m
LBL = 536.196 m
Bed slope = 0.00373
Rugosity Coefficient, n = 0.045 (3) Winding, some polls and Shoals, Clean

RL of RL of Avg Wetted
Distance Depth of depth of Distance C/S Area Ht diff
Existing GL Modified HFL (m) perimeter
(m) flow flow (m) Sqm (m)
(m) GL (m) P (m)
0.000 542.000 542.000 540.196 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
2.000 541.000 541.000 540.196 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.000 2.00
4.000 540.929 540.929 540.196 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 3.196 3.77
9.000 537.000 537.000 540.196 3.196 1.598 5.000 7.990 0.499 5.02
14.000 536.501 536.501 540.196 3.695 3.446 5.000 17.228 0.301 5.01
19.000 536.200 536.200 540.196 3.996 3.846 5.000 19.228 0.004 5.00
24.000 536.196 536.196 540.196 4.000 3.998 5.000 19.990 0.704 5.05
29.000 536.900 536.900 540.196 3.296 3.648 5.000 18.240 0.885 5.08
34.000 537.785 537.785 540.196 2.411 2.854 5.000 14.268 1.585 5.25
39.000 536.200 536.200 540.196 3.996 3.204 5.000 16.018 1.120 5.12
44.000 537.320 537.320 540.196 2.876 3.436 5.000 17.180 1.280 5.16
49.000 538.600 538.600 540.196 1.596 2.236 5.000 11.180 1.386 5.19
54.000 539.986 539.986 540.196 0.210 0.903 5.000 4.515 0.586 5.03
59.000 539.400 539.400 540.196 0.796 0.503 5.000 2.515 0.581 5.03
64.000 539.981 539.981 540.196 0.215 0.506 5.000 2.528 0.019 5.00
66.000 540.000 540.000 540.196 0.196 0.206 2.000 0.411 0.196 2.01
68.000 542.000 542.000 540.196 0.000 0.098 2.000 0.196 0.000 2.00
Total cross section area (A) 151.48 Sqm
Wetted perimeter (p) 70.728 m
Hydraulic radius R 2.14 m
Velocity V 2.26 m/sec
Discharge Q= AXV 342.35 m3/sec
Average Discharge 321.2 m3/sec
Maximum Design dicharge by AV method 321.2 m3/sec

545.000

543.000
HFL
Bed Level

541.000

539.000

537.000

535.000
 Estimated Design discharge Q with vairous methods

Design Discharge

Ryve's formula = 358.41 cumecs

Area velocity method = 321.18 cumecs
SUH Method = 763.99 cumecs

Design Discharge

Maximum Discharge of Above Methods = 764.0 cumecs

Second Highest Discharge = 358.4 cumecs
50% increase in Second Highest discharge = 537.6 cumecs
(As per clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13-2004)
Min discharge = 537.6 cumecs

(D) Modified HFL

modified HFL = 543.026 m

LBL = 538.196 m
Bed slope = 0.0037 m
Rugosity Coefficient n = 0.045 (3) Winding, some polls and Shoals, Clean

RL of RL of Avg Wetted
Distance Depth of Distance C/S Area Ht diff
Existing GL Modified HFL (m) depth of perimeter
(m) flow (m) Sqm (m)
(m) GL (m) flow P (m)

0.000 544.000 543.700 543.026 -0.674 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.700 0.700
2.000 543.000 543.000 543.026 0.026 0.000 2.000 0.000 1.071 2.27
4.000 541.929 541.929 543.026 1.097 0.562 2.000 1.123 2.929 3.55
9.000 539.000 539.000 543.026 4.026 2.562 5.000 12.808 0.499 5.02
14.000 538.501 538.501 543.026 4.525 4.276 5.000 21.378 0.301 5.01
19.000 538.200 538.200 543.026 4.826 4.676 5.000 23.378 0.004 5.00
24.000 538.196 538.196 543.026 4.830 4.828 5.000 24.140 0.704 5.05
29.000 538.900 538.900 543.026 4.126 4.478 5.000 22.390 0.885 5.08
34.000 539.785 539.785 543.026 3.241 3.684 5.000 18.418 0.585 5.03
39.000 539.200 539.200 543.026 3.826 3.534 5.000 17.668 0.120 5.00
44.000 539.320 539.320 543.026 3.706 3.766 5.000 18.830 1.280 5.16
49.000 540.600 540.600 543.026 2.426 3.066 5.000 15.330 0.886 5.08
54.000 541.486 541.486 543.026 1.540 1.983 5.000 9.915 0.086 5.00
59.000 541.400 541.400 543.026 1.626 1.583 5.000 7.915 0.581 5.03
64.000 541.981 541.981 543.026 1.045 1.336 5.000 6.678 1.019 5.10
66.000 543.000 543.000 543.026 0.026 0.536 2.000 1.071 1.000 2.24
68.000 544.000 544.000 543.026 -0.974 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.974 2.22

Total cross section area (A) = 201.04

Wetted perimeter (p) = 71.549
Hydraulic radius R = 2.81
Velocity V = 2.7
Discharge Q= AXV = 542.8053
SAFE
(E) Afflux calculations
Discharge, Q = 537.6 cumec
HFL (Without Afflux) = 543.0 m
Max Avg Depth, d = 4.8 m
Area before constriction, An1 = 201.0 sq m
Average velocity prior to constriction, Vn1=Q/An1 = 2.7 m/s
Area after constriction, An2=An2* - no. of piers * avg width of piers * avg depth(d) = 191.8 sq m
Afflux due to constriction (By Molesworth Formula), h= [(Vn1^2)/17.88+0.015] [ = 0.15 m
Afluxed HFL = 543.176 m
Approach velocity V2=Q/A2 = 2.8 m/s
Velocity head V2/2g = 0.4 m
Total head H = afflux+ velocity head = 0.6 m
Velocity under the bridge/vents Vv=sqrt(2g H) = 3.3 m/s
Velocity of approach = 3.19 m/s
Head due to velocity of approach = 0.52 m
Linear Waterway
Design discharge Q = 542.81 cumecs
Velocity of the river = 3.189 m/s
HFL = 543.03 m
Depth of water d at lowest bed level = 4.828 m
Required linearwaterway =Q/(Vv*(d+afflux) = 40.8 m
Proposed Effective linear waterway = 56.0 m
SAFE
(F) Scour Depth calculations
i. If Linear waterway is less than regime width
Dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/ksf)1/3 (as per article-9 of SP:13-2004)
Dsm is the normal ( mean) depth of scour below HFL in m
Db is the discharge in cumec per m width of effective waterway
ksf is the silt factor for sample of bed material
0.5
Ksf = 1.76 x (dm) (as per 703.2.2 of IRC :78-2000)
dm is the weighted mean diameter of bed material in mm
According to Clause 703.1.1 IRC:78-2000 to provide for an adequate margin of safety, the scour for
foundation shall be designed discharge over the discharge obtained (IRC:5)
Design discharge is increased in percentage depending upon the catchment area
Actual Discharge calculated = 537.61 cumecs
Increase in design discharge for scour depth calculation = 30% (as per 703.1.1 of IRC:78-2000)
Discharge per meter width Db = 12.48 m3/sec/m
Type of bed material = Fine bajri and sand
Silt factor for the bed material k sf
Abutment = 1.75
Pier = 1.75
Mean Depth of the scour
Abutment = 5.983 m
Pier = 5.983 m
ii. Maximum scour depth (as per 703.3 of IRC:78-2000 )
The maximum scour depth may be adopted as
For Piers 2 x Dsm = 11.966 m
For Abutments 1.27 x Dsm = 7.598 m
iii. Maximum scour level
For piers = 531.210 m
For Abutments = 535.578 m
(G) Recommendation
Design Discharge, Q = 543 cumecs
Design Affluxed HFL = 543.176 m
Average Velocity after construction = 3.189 m/sec
Required vertical clearance = 1.200 m
Minimum soffit level = 544.376 m
Minimum FRL Required = 546.907 m
Proposed FRL = 547.650 m
FIGURE-1 CATCHMENT AREA OF BRIDGE AT CH-88+095

FIGURE-2 LENGTH OF THE STREAM