Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:IM-ELECTIVE 1-1ST SEM-2020-2021

College Teacher Education

Bayombong Campus

DEGREE BSED COURSE NO. ELECTIVE 1

PROGRAM
SPECIALIZATION ENGLISH COURSE TITLE ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES
YEAR LEVEL 1 TIME FRAME 3 WK 7-8 IM 04
hrs NO. NO.

I. CHAPTER TITLE
ESP in Teaching Vocabulary

II. LESSON TITLE

Concepts, Theories and Principles in Teaching Vocabulary

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

Fluent reading depends primarily on knowledge of vocabulary and subject matter, and secondarily on
knowledge of grammatical structure and familiarity with the ways that writers organize texts in English.
Vocabulary development, then, is a vital aspect of reading (and listening) development. You will need
to develop a good vocabulary in English in order to be efficient readers and listeners. You will probably
find that you already know quite a lot of technical vocabulary in English but sometimes do not know
when and where to use them.

You can expand your vocabulary skill and enhance your communication skills by going through the
study of the concepts, theories and principles in building and teaching vocabulary for several
purposes.

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

After you read through the pages, it is expected that you are able to:
1. gain understanding on the concepts, theories, and principles in teachig vocabulary in different
subject areas.
2. Explore the different strategies in improving vocabulary.
3. use an increasing large vocabulary in the subject area and in general academic language.

V. LESSON CONTENT
CONCEPTS, THEORIES, AND PRINCIPLES OF VOCABULARY AND READING
COMPREHENSION

A. Context Clues in Vocabulary Building

 Clues are words used in a sentence which help in understanding the specific meaning
of a new unfamiliar word.
 The special meaning of a word depends on the other words in the sentences or the
surrounding group of sentences (context).

1. Definition Clues- the author gives the meaning of the word.

Example: Cerilles is an ecologist, a scientist who specializes in the relationship between living
things and their environment.
In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:IM-ELECTIVE 1-1ST SEM-2020-2021

2. Synonym- The meaning of the unknown word is understood because the idea is repeated in
familiar words.
Example: In his complete uniform and with his shining sword, the man appeared bellicose or
warlike.

3. Appositive or double comma clues- an appositive is a descriptive word or phrase placed beside
the unknown word and is often enclosed or set off by commas.
Example: Many eleemosynary, or philanthropic agencies, are helping the poor and
disadvantaged people.

4. Simile- the word as and like are used to show comparison, hence, suggesting the meaning of the
word to be learned.
Example: The child’s eyes glistened like the bright stars in the sky.
Note: comparison without using as and like is called a metaphor.
Example: She was a phantom of delight.

5. Mood clues/summary clues

Example: First he lost his girlfriend. Then he lost his scholarship. Finally, he lost all is special
privileges in college. He became totally depressed.

6. Inference- the process of drawing reasonable conclusions from facts or bits of evidence.
Example: Rene gave his fake ID card to the guard and held his breath. The guard was busy
talking to a friend and gave it a perfunctory glance, so Jose breathed normally again. Perfunctory
means something done quickly as a routine.

7. Structural Analysis- Direct clues to the meaning are taken from analysis of the word parts (i.e.
roots, prefixes, suffixes, compound, and syllables).
Example: dehydration:hydro-water (root word), de-down, flow, tion –act of e.g. act of drying up.
Example: Prolonged fever made the child suffer from dehydration.

8. Antonym- The opposite meaning of a word showing contrast in a sentence with the use of but.
Example: Maricel was very talkative, but Rico remained taciturn. Taciturn means silent or quiet,
the opposite of talkative.

B. Multiple Meanings of Words

Frequently used words like scale, bill, power, cream, range, etc. have multiple meanings.
Example: Scale
Science/Biology Math/Social Music Literature
Studies

Covering of fish, Used in Do-re-mi-fa-so- Scale the

snakes and other weighing, la-ti-do mountains to
reptiles measuring or great heights.
Musical scale
drawing, e.g. a
map to scale

C. Word Associations
Analogy- this explains or describes the similarity between the relationship of a pair of words
and that of another pair.
a. Sound- site: cite :: right: write: rite
b. Similarity- pretty: lovely :: plain: ugly
c. Contrast- right: wrong :: true: false
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reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:IM-ELECTIVE 1-1ST SEM-2020-2021

d. Part: whole- fruit: tree :: egg: chicken

e. Cause: Effect- bacteria: disease :: typhoon: flood
f. Predication- fish: swim :: birds: fly (relation between noun and verb)
g. Association- priest: church :: teacher: school
h. Class: Subclass- birds: maya :: trees: mango
i. User: tool- doctor: stethoscope :: carpenter: hammer

D. Collocations- to collocate is to “group or place together in some order or system.” When a word is
learned, it can be thought of in terms or other words it is combined with. That helps create a different
shade of meaning.

Example: Sweet
sweet potato sweet voice sweetheart
sweet smell sweet talk sweet child

E. Clusters- a cluster is a group of similar or related things that may be written around a word which
serves as a cover term. The process is called clustering.
Example: Skill (efficiency, expertise, excellence, competence, ability, dexterity, proficiency,
versatility)
F. Cline (Clining or Scaling)- Cline, from the Greek word “Klino,” means slope or a graded sequence
of difference with a species/series as in:
Boiling
Hot
Warm
Lukewarm
Mild
Temperate
freezing

G. Clipping- a common process of forming words in which we cut off the beginning of the word.
Example: mag- magazine, pres- president, ref-refrigerator

H. Acronymy- the process of forming a word from initial letters of several words as in:
Example: WHO- World Health Organization
DPWH- Department of Public work and Highways
BJMP- Bureau of Jail management and Penology

I. Blending- some words are formed by fusing the first part of one word with the last part of another.
The blended word get its meaning from two words put together.
Example: motel (motorist + hotel)
Medicare (medical + care)

J. Reduplication- words are formed by partial or complete repetition.

Example: dilly-dally, go-go, sing-song, ding-dong

K. Denotation vs. Connotation

Denotation is the dictionary definition of a word which has been handed down to us, e.g. Judo- a
form of jujitsu that uses special applications of the principles of movement, balance, and leverage.

Connotative meanings are fashioned by each of us out of our past experiences and associations.
The suggestive power of a word can vary from person to person.
Example: In speaking of females we might use women, ladies, dames, but not chicks.

L. Generic vs. Specific Words

In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:IM-ELECTIVE 1-1ST SEM-2020-2021

Generic refers to the big class or group to which a specific word belongs.
Example: Science: Biology, Chemistry, Physics

M. Propaganda Devices (Special Vocabulary)

 Name Calling- People can be persuaded to reject ideas, organizations, or persons by the use
of a name that carries a negative connotation.
Example: Communist, leftist, gay, Red
It’s a communist plot to destroy the Filipino way of life.

 Card Stacking- a politician presents only one side of an issue or tries to make the other side
look idiotic.
Example: Why will you vote for him? He is a college drop-out, a gambler, and a drinker.

 Testimonial- uses a snob appeal and desire for admiration, quotes famous or beautiful people
as supporters of a cause or a product.
Example: Vilma Santos has a schoolgirl complexion. She uses Eskinol facial lotion.

 Plain Folks- an effort is made to win public confidence and support because he/she belongs to
the masses.
Example: Politicians eats with farmers using their hands, kiss babies and elders, and join in
local festivities.

 Bandwagon- the public is urged to follow the crowd and accept the propagandist’s ideas and
leadership. No reason or logic is used.
Example: Everyone’s going to vote for Rey Lopez. Don’t be on the losing side.

 Glittering Generality- a high-sounding word is connected with an idea to make it sound better
so people will accept without examining it.
Example: Fine sounding words such as nationalism, patriotism, religion, etc.

 Repetition- a name or word is repeated constantly, and people vote/buy a product because
they think the candidate or item is good and well-known.
Example: Buy Honey Buns, Remember: Honey Buns! Honey Buns!

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Write on this journal your feelings about what you studied today.

“THINKING LOGS” (to process lesson content)

The main thing I’ll remember is…..…

A new insight or discovery is….

I really understand……. I’m really confused about……

A learning I can use beyond school is…

In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.”
IM-ELECTIVE1-1STSEM-2020-2021

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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.:IM-ELECTIVE 1-1ST SEM-2020-2021

Some connections I’m making with other things I know are….”

____________________________
Signature

VII. ASSIGNMENT: (Just look for this and get an idea of it because this will be your next lesson)
How does a teacher teach vocabulary to vocational students?

VIII. EVALUATION (Note: Your activity will serve as evaluation)

IX. REFERENCES

Alcantara, R. D., et al (2003). Teaching Strategies for Teaching the Communication Arts. Katha
Publishing Co., Inc. Makati City.

Bell, D (2002) ‘Help! I've been asked to teach a class on ESP!' in IATEFL Voices, Issue 169,
Oct/Nov
Brown, D. 2007. Principles of language learning and teaching. (Fifth edition). White Plains, NY:
Pearson Education.
Dudley-Evans, T (2001) ‘English for Specific Purposes' in The Cambridge Guide to TESOL,
Cambridge University Press
Harding, K (2007) English for Specific Purposes, Oxford University Press

Hermosa, N. N. (2005) The Psychology of Reading. University of the Philippines. OPEN

UNIVERSITY
Hutauruk, BS (2015). Teaching Module for English for Specific Purposes: A Compilation. FKIP UHN.
Pematangsiantar

Lamri, CE. 2016. An Introduction to English for Specific Purposes. Abou Bekr Belkaid University.
Tlemcen, Algeria.

Murcia, M.C., Brinton, D., Snow, A. (2014). Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language.
Heinle and Heinle. Thomson Learning, Inc. USA

Rosales, R. DG. 2016. English for Specific Purpose. Jimczyville Publications. Malabon City

No author. Teaching English for Specific Purposes

Retrieved from ons.infocollections.org, September, 17, 2020

In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.”
IM-ELECTIVE1-1STSEM-2020-2021

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