165

Fvequency,V= 500 H
we Know, The tme intesval betwego ue succesi ve compre
-Asi0ns from The sou Ce eqval To the ime petiod
1
Time peviod, T =
’T 1 0.02>
500

0ustoqush belwan loudnew and ioenitg

) SOUnd. The
Ank' Loudnes is The measuðe of amplilude
a

the amplitode,the loun der tha sound.

hghes wheseas, inlensiy is deßined as tho amouht ap soun d
pasing thyouh a unil unit ayeo evesy becond. Ititte
enesg8
ddesm.ñed by Ohe p'equency of sound
on oUn waves.te

media
Speed af soundin dipperenl
soud is dieperent in dpgesent me dium.
The speed of from solid to
decseajes s We go
The speed of sound when we incöead the Tempesalote.
state. and i i0cx
inCIeaes

165

) Sound tsavelo the pastest in solid com pale d o any ohe .

pastcos
Thesepove, speed of sound will be fastest in ixon at
tempevaluve.
’Replec.on of ound
Sound get veplected al the utface opbia solid or lqud and
pollow 3 the laws af vepleclion:
Ohe angle Qeg incidence issequal o the angle seplectan.
The incident the teglected and notmal a ho
Point of inGi den ce all lie in the
sae plane
A laxge, polishe d ox
H Yough su bface is needed pox
C . * for
0.1 >
. from Echo:
Speed hea
The
echo
minimumTho lo aa The
veplecl.on
of
oÇ
and heassUxpace ound
sound cleasly
echo
oviqinal an
cauwned
echo back of
is datance echo
331 sOund sound
muat
by
mh
clearly: to
t6
The
The waves
be
or and the
at the tepleclon
17.2 the tine btenes
0c
eplecing
m.
echo
and inlewal is op
mut calledsoUnd
sUface
344mls at between
be
at ccho.waves
least the
Revebetaton i The pexsialence op Joutd epter t harbeta ibgpe

Reves beval.on : The pewislena of sound due to multple eple

ton even aptey i has been stopped calledever besation.
0t can be teduced by covesing The Yoof and wall
encloned spaces with sound - absor bing mates ials hke
compseved pveboasd, Yough plastex or dhpeses.
168
Poge
ap sound, v= 342 ms
1) Given, Speed op
time taken (t) = 3
Distance tyavelled Aound = Vxt
bd
= 342 X 3
=1026 rm

Since, echo noond tiave lled two way, the ditance betuen
the soUTce ond vepedng 2

513 m
Paqe169 mode curved to
1) The ceiling op the concest halls are
in all disecions apter veplection
Apveadthesoun unifos mly
fYom
walu.

170
Paqe human ear
1) The audible angeaf average
etends poom aboul 20 H to 2000oH.
aye called ingsasonic
’ Sounds of fveguencies below 20Hy
inpzasoun d.
Sounds of foeq,ue ncies above 20000 H or 20kH are
utsasound.
called vttiasonic sound ox

xange of
0f frequencies asocialed with )inpra
2) The
- A00nd below 20 H7 and b) uitaoun d is above
20000 H
Appl: calo) 0f ultsasound
ultsaound axe able to t30avel even Ihrough obatacles due
to hiqhes fleqvenc Some af it opplicatons ase:
O ultsaa0U nd Can be Uned to clean obdecta ike elecooni
Components.
and flaw4
ultaAOUnd is Uaed to detect CKack
metal blocky. Cannetn
get the image
Uned in -This tachtaueate
ultsasound aae
oxqars of human body
intes nal stanes
break amall
emplayed to
) ultaound nay be into fine gyai.
Kidneys
formed in the which ultrasoun
iA a technique
Echocavdiogaphy ia
Note : eramine the heast. whchultasund
UAed to atchnique
the pocus dusing pregnancy
UAed 1õ examine
ultaonic waves to
which Unes
speedof undes wales
a devi ce npeed o
Sonax: TE is dixecion ond Naviqalo0 And
aUke diatance,
measuse sONAR slay do
fog SOund
obiecta. The fesm
Rangng
Page 172 etusn,: 1.02 s
by sonax pulne o
time taken
1) Given, saT walex,V = 1$R1m
Spee d of Aound in
sonað puhe = Vxt
Dstance toavelled by 02
.: = 1531 X 1-
= 1561.62 m

toavelle& to the distance betwean

the pulae ways
= 1S61.62
Aubmasine and the clit
2
the
780.8I m
Execie
(5) The qualily o limbe of a 00nd helps Us to idonip
the
Voi Ce 0f paiticulas peson
pesson becaUAe tao peopla may
have
the ame pitch and loudh
loueln es, bút theis gu altes w;ll he
difredeat
than the
() The speed of liqhT (3 X10 m/s)
22'c).
much higher
Dve to this eason,
oe
peed of soun d (344 ls
m at
is heasd a few secon d a tes the plash
thunded thon thunder lighT
thunde8 sound ta kes mote tine
m
becaue
t6to seach the eah.
6.f sound waves
() Let and be the waelenghs
and 28 kHy te pec i vely
foequenCies 20 Hkislhm
having
Give, V= 344 m
V 344
20 = 17.2m ( : = 20 H)
V
and , = 344 (: = 20 kH
20000
 14) 1oqinal
2) atnhde wilbethe one - 1) 1) fre4uency
hive), a)
we uitianono
qraphy O phy O Know, we
ven, echocardioqsa
SoNAR Tuo veplecled inThe the
freque
know,ncy speed
psacl.caltempe~alure.Thus,empexaluve .. time
Speed Ux numbes
Ce
lenglh,ave = produ and doundof
ap vibales
of of
sound cad
applica soUnd oxiqinal af min60
l

lion i vibsalons 100H}

100 600o
O.01S m 1.51.5cm 3V=
ms
9 thesound onina
ap
the 1 >.,
0.intes a
medium timeA numbes
oscil alonof
.015 334 wihol
l ley =
x
6000 100 60
ve val in preqveny
plec decene.inCIeases day, io time
lion betuween 60
La
34000 The
15 of second
econds
Therefore time me
x
sound The wilh
oo vibxala
2600 H eplecte inerval The a
wiaves ecnoan
minue,
ine.
d bete
 NOw, The foequency of avdible Aouh d fox hum
ho man erlends f8om
20 H3 Toto 2000o Since he peqvenCy af the qiven saun d
,

moxe than 20000 H

S+ece,1he qivenAoUnd isMote-han.

of a und wave
16 Loud nes is The meosuUve of amplude
,The lovdey the ound.
The laqer The amplilude amplito de of the hound wave
Loud nevs dependi on the sound oUce.
tho
and the diana om the

ultsasound to detect thai

Bats produe high fieqvency which qela eplecle d
11) produce ultiahonic"waves a bat
pyeyo . They setutn back to theiY eats. Thus,
by thei pey and postion and dtance of Theis pvey
ets o know the
atch them eady.
Can

incleaning solion and

a
..)ahiea
13) Obiecti t be cleaned
axe best
en
axeinto
placad
the nsolotion.
cieiahDve t he high
oltyasound detaches the poticles of dust o dit
ultsasoniC waVes
prequencY Da hia ultyanound is Used fos clea
from the object. way
- ning pusposes
device which ses ultyasonic waves too detact
19) SONAR s a spead of undexwaley cblecta
dislance, directon and
dixecton oceas and Aed
he todelesmine The deplh af
i aso uned
Und is pb oduce and taamto!
Aheam ar ultasorNC Thzough he ea wates and
transducax , which travels thaovgh
by a and an echo is pãoduced: Ths echo
ted back
sepleced detecto. Thus, tha distan Ce
qets aecosded the
deected and wotey oblecT can be calculated by the
undes twales
op ae the eIpdeion
2d = V X
teast5 yM of.
. The idaeeabones btTher n0Un
eT The,
2d ) backwave).ultsasounic a 21) tavelled 20) echo-
bxain vibyate hin collcolecteecd metUltsasQUnd
al Since, ive whee,
and De hs
the pUsWOUndi mem ednscunds
n g ase waves n,angng
Then thon d me
and byanewave' the Theseblock velcioyaf bytheDatanco Tme thod d T=
tsa iddle is axe can The sound V
nlesprels th ee depe and taken of distan tme Speed
any detec oUnd of
mio eavibia called ptes cldelecloxsallowed toavelled op
the to measuying taken
ce
the called he eavdrum.
lioy pames desecl
in of o.p
The oblecd= hadi ho
The to
sound topaw 2ds' tuo, tre sound
as
hamme, Then, melablocke The , dse depec he
thr h wed echo, dilan oblecl heay
collecad 36252X ways,
as
wavey
amplpied The ough olfasoun though ina
725
ce the
sound onvil too in 3625bne
the
The =53 echo0
o eardium by detec block.matltuhe 58
Leax i tota alio
and an by ttthe
get he
d canal pideected na dslan ob
thuA the veplected ongs called
sligup beqis and toaamited end
we three ca
o of