Make sure your Adobe Acrobat Reader is up

SCHEMATIC FEATURES AND TIPS

to date in order to access the latest features
of this schematic.

GET
Adobe Acrobat Reader

SAVE
a copy of this schematic

THE BOOKMARKS PANEL WILL ALLOW YOU TO THE FUNCTION ISOLATION TOOLS ISOLATE
QUICKLY NAVIGATE TO POINTS OF INTEREST. CIRCUITS FOR TRACING HYDRAULIC LINES

Function Isolation Tools

Grids On/Off

All Circuits Off

STANDARD VIEW
All Circuits On

021 (Orange) (Pilot Pump Output)

032 (Red) (Main Pump Output)

577 (Lt Green) (Drain/Return Line)

Machine Views

Machine View - Front

Machine View - Rear

Implement Stack 021 (Orange) (Pilot Output)

CIRCUIT ISOLATED
CLICK HERE TO VIEW THE SCHEMATIC
UTILIZE HYPERTEXT TO NAVIGATE TO COMPONENTS AND THEIR MACHINE LOCA- SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS PAGE
TION QUICKLY. HYPERTEXT IS INDICATED BY TEXT THAT IS BLUE AND UNDERLINED. ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

Pressure Temperature Level

Switch Switch Switch Circuit Breaker

BASIC HYDRAULIC SYMBOLS

Fluid Pump Spring

Variability
Conditioner or Motor (Adjustable)

HOTKEYS (Keyboard Shortcuts)

FUNCTION KEYS
Zoom In “CTRL” / “+”
Zoom Out “CTRL” / “-”
Fit to Page “CTRL” / “0” (zero)
Hand Tool “SPACEBAR” (hold down)
Find “CTRL” / “F”
WHEN ONLY ONE CALLOUT IS SHOWING ON A Search “CTRL” / “SHIFT” / “F”

MACHINE VIEW, CLICKING ON THIS BUTTON WILL

VIEW ALL CALLOUTS MAKE ALL OF THE CALLOUTS VISIBLE. THIS
BUTTON IS TYPICALLY LOCATED IN THE TOP RIGHT
CORNER OF EVERY MACHINE VIEW PAGE.
Due to different monitor sizes and PDF reader
preferences there may be some variance in linked
schematic locations. This document is best viewed at
a screen resolution of 1024 X 768.

© 2022 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, LET’S DO THE

WORK, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Corporate Yellow”, the “Power Edge”
and Cat “Modern Hex” trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used
herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS
VALVES INTERNAL PASSAGEWAYS PUMPS BASIC HYDRAULIC
ENVELOPES FLOW IN ONE
DIRECTION
FLOW ALLOWED IN
EITHER DIRECTION
PARALLEL
FLOW
CROSS
FLOW
FIXED DISPLACEMENT
COMPONENT SYMBOLS

One Position Two Position Three Position Unidirectional Bidirectional Pump

Infinite Two Three Variability
Positioning Position Position or Motor
PORTS VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT
NON- COMPENSATED

CYLINDERS Fluid Spring

(Adjustable)
Two-way Three-Way Four-Way Conditioner
Unidirectional Bidirectional
CONTROL
AB AB
Single Acting Double Acting
MOTORS Pressure
FIXED DISPLACEMENT Spring
P T P T Compensation
Normal Position Shifted Position Infinite Position

CHECK
Control
ACCUMULATORS Unidirectional Bidirectional
Valves
Line Restriction
(Variable)
VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT
Basic Spring Shuttle NON- COMPENSATED
Pilot
Symbol Loaded Line Restriction
Controlled Spring Loaded Gas Charged Restriction
(Fixed)

Unidirectional Bidirectional

PILOT CONTROL Line Restriction

MAIN AUX.

2-Section
RELEASED PRESSURE Variable and Pressure
ROTATING SHAFTS Compensated
Pump

External Return Internal Return Unidirectional Bidirectional

REMOTE SUPPLY PRESSURE Attachment Pump: Variable and
Pressure Compensated

Internal
Simplified Complete Supply Pressure Hydraulic Pneumatic
Energy Triangles

COMBINATION CONTROLS
LINES MEASUREMENT

Solenoid Solenoid Solenoid Solenoid and Servo Thermal Detent Crossing Joining
or Manual and Pilot Pilot or Manual Pressure Temperature Flow

MANUAL CONTROL FLUID STORAGE RESERVOIRS

Push-pull Lever Manual Shutoff General Manual Push Button Pedal Spring Vented Pressurized Return Above Fluid Level Return Below Fluid Level

HYDRAULIC SYMBOLS - ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

G
M T

Pressure Temperature Level Flow

Transducer Transducer Generator Electric Pressure Pressure Switch Temperature Electrical
Switch Switch Switch Switch Circuit Breaker
(Fluid) (Gas / Air) Motor Switch (Adjustable) Switch Wire

BASIC ELECTRICAL COMPONENT SYMBOLS HARNESS AND WIRE SYMBOLS

Wire, Cable, or Harness Assembly Identification:
Fuse: A component in an electrical circuit that will open the circuit if too much current flows through it. Includes Harness Identification Letters and Harness
Connector Serialization Codes (see sample).
Switch (Normally Open): A switch that will close at a specified point (temp, press, etc.). The circle indicates
that the component has screw terminals and a wire can be disconnected from it.
AG-C4 L-C12
Switch (Normally Closed): A switch that will open at a specified point (temp, press, etc.). 111-7898 3E-5179
No circle indicates that the wire cannot be disconnected from the component. Part Number: for 1
Connector Plug
Ground (Wired): This indicates that the component is connected to a grounded wire. 2
The grounded wire is fastened to the machine.
Plug Receptacle
Pin or Socket Number
Ground (Case): This indicates that the component does not have a wire connected to ground.
It is grounded by being fastened to the machine. Harness Identification Letter(s): (A, B, C, AA, AB, AC, ...)
Harness Connector Serialization Code: The "C" stands for
"Connector" and the number indicates which connector in the
Reed Switch: A switch whose contacts are controlled by a magnet. A magnet closes the contacts of
harness (C1, C2, C3, ...)
a normally open reed switch; it opens the contacts of a normally closed reed switch.
L-C12
3E-5179
Sender: A component that is used with a temperature or pressure gauge.
The sender measures the temperature or pressure. 5A
T Its resistance changes to give an indication to the gauge of the temperature or pressure. Component
Fuse (5 Amps) 9X-1123 Part Number
Relay (Magnetic Switch): A relay is an electrical component that is activated by electricity. 325-AG135 PK-14
It has a coil that makes an electromagnet when current flows through it. Harness identification code:
This example indicates wire group 325, Wire Gauge*
The electromagnet can open or close the switch part of the relay. wire 135 in harness "AG". Wire Color
*Wire gauge is shown in AWG (American Wire Gauge)
Solenoid: A solenoid is an electrical component that is activated by electricity. but could also be shown in metric denoted with mm
It has a coil that makes an electromagnet when current flows through it.
The electromagnet can open or close a valve or move a piece of metal that can do work. 1 Deutsch connector: Typical representation
of a Deutsch connector. The plug contains all
2 sockets and the receptacle contains all pins.
Magnetic Latch Solenoid: An electrical component that is activated by electricity and held latched by a
permanent magnet. It has two coils (latch and unlatch) that make electromagnet 1 Sure-Seal connector: Typical representation
when current flows through them. It also has an internal switch that places of a Sure-Seal connector. The plug and receptacle
2 contain both pins and sockets.
the latch coil circuit open at the time the coil latches.

© 2022 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, LET’S DO THE

WORK, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Corporate Yellow”, the “Power Edge”
and Cat “Modern Hex” trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used
herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
 RENR5514-02
April 2022

312C and 312C L Excavator

Hydraulic System
CBA1-UP
CAE1-UP
BNN1-UP
FDS1-UP
CBT1-UP
BWH1-UP
DBN1-UP

PUBLICATIONS.CAT.COM
© 2022 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, LET’S DO THE WORK, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Corporate Yellow”, the “Power Edge”
and Cat “Modern Hex” trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
COMPONENT LOCATION

Schematic Machine
Description
Location Location
Accumulator Gp - Hydraulic B-7 1
Control Gp - Joystick (LH) C-14 2
Control Gp - Joystick (RH) C-12 3
Cylinder Gp - Boom I-6 4
Cylinder Gp - Bucket I-4 5
Cylinder Gp - Stick I-7 6
Filter and Valve Gp - Pilot Hydraulic Oil B-7 7
Filter Gp - Oil A-9 8
Filter Gp - Oil Hydraulic Return B-10 9
Manifold Gp - Control (Pilot Oil Supply) C-7 10
Motor Gp - Swing J-14 11
Motor Gp - Travel Left J-11 12
Motor Gp - Travel Right J-9 13
Pump Gp - Main Hydraulic C-4 14
Sensor Gp - Pump 1 Discharge Pressure C-5 15
Sensor Gp - Pump 2 Discharge Pressure A-5 16
Switch As - Pressure (Implement) G-7 17
Switch As - Pressure (Travel) D-7 18
Swivel Gp H-10 19
Tank and Filter Gp - Hydraulic A-10 20
Valve Gp - Check D-3 21
Valve Gp - Main Control G-2 22
Valve Gp - Pilot (Travel) E-12 23
Valve Gp - Pressure Reducing D-5 24
Valve Gp - Solenoid (Lock) C-7 25
Valve Gp - Solenoid (Swing) B-9 26
Valve Gp - Solenoid (Travel) C-9 27
 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

(12) MOTOR GP
TRAVEL LEFT
302-9179
TRAVEL MOTOR (LEFT) TRAVEL MOTOR (RIGHT)

(11) MOTOR GP
SWING
J 170-9893 J
SWING
MOTOR
(Dimensions: 48 inches x 35 inches)

P Dr

(13) MOTOR GP
RENR5514-02

Pp3 Pp3
Au
TRAVEL RIGHT
T1 302-9179
T1

T2
T2
(4) CYLINDER GP
BOOM
170-9834
(6) CYLINDER GP
I STICK I
170-9835

E F AG
BG BG AG
(5) CYLINDER GP
B C A BUCKET
248-7854
BR2 AR2
36 Page,

A B B A

BR3 AR3 AL2 BL2 AL4 BL4

H (19) SWIVEL GP
H
162-4696

BR1 AR1 AL1 BL1

PP3

(17) SWITCH AS - PRESSURE (IMPLEMENT)

309-5768
PP

dA1 bR3 aR3 bR2 aR2 aL1 bL1 aL2 bL2 dB1 aL4 bL4 dB
G PP G
BR3 AR3 BR2 AR2 BR1 AR1 bR1 aR1 BL1 AL1 AL2 BL2 BL4 AL4
dA1 BL3 AL3
PA1 PSW PB1 dB1 aL3 bL3 dB
(OUT) (IN) (R) (L) (DOWN) (UP) (OPEN) (CLOSE)

(22) VALVE GP
MAIN CONTROL
171-0016

F F

BOOM(1)
STICK(1) SWING TRAVEL(L) TRAVEL(R) ATCH BUCKET R2

E E
STICK(2) HL
SWING STICK(R) BOOM(2)
HR

(23) VALVE GP
PILOT (TRAVEL)
165-9522

T2 T4
bR1 bL1
(FORWARD) (FORWARD)
R1

D T1 T3 (DOWN) (UP) (IN) (OUT) D

aR1 aL1
bR5 bR4 PTA PR PL dST1 aL5 bL5 aL6 bL6
(REVERSE) (REVERSE)
A2 A1
aR5 dA DR
(24) VALVE GP
PRESSURE REDUCING (21) VALVE GP
TT TP
232-4102 CHECK
(18) SWITCH AS - PRESSURE (TRAVEL) B2 171-0002
309-5768 P2 B1 P1

B3 B2
HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT COLOR DESCRIPTIONS
B1
B4 (14) PUMP GP PILOT PUMP OUTPUT
PUMP 1 OUTPUT
B5 B6 (10) MANIFOLD GP MAIN HYDRAULIC TRAVEL LEFT CONTROL CIRCUIT
CONTROL (PILOT OIL SUPPLY) 173-0663
POWER SHIFT CONTROL CIRCUIT
PP PP3 P SUPPLY LINE
C 215-5037 M2 A3 PS STICK CONTROL CIRCUIT
C
(2) CONTROL GP (27) VALVE GP ATTACHMENT CONTROL CIRCUIT
JOYSTICK (LH) (3) CONTROL GP P2 P1 Pi1 P12 PSA1 PSA2 SWING CONTROL CIRCUIT
bR3 aL2 SOLENOID (TRAVEL) M4
206-3304 JOYSTICK (RH) (15) SENSOR GP
DRAIN / RETURN LINE

206-3303 457-9878 (25) VALVE GP SWING PARKING BRAKE CIRCUIT

JL1 JR3 PUMP 1 DISCHARGE PRESS PUMP 2 OUTPUT

(OUT) JLT (DOWN) JRP

SOLENOID (LOCK) TRAVEL SPEED CONTROL CIRCUIT

457-9878 157-3182 BUCKET CONTROL CIRCUIT

DR1 A2 X2
aR2 bR2 bL4 aL4 TRAVEL SWING LOCK TRAVEL RIGHT CONTROL CIRCUIT
BOOM CONTROL CIRCUIT
DR2
DR3
JL4 JL2 JR2 JR4 dA1
(L) (R) (CLOSE) (OPEN) DR4
dB LINE PATTERNS
DR5
(1) ACCUMULATOR GP
dB1 HYDRAULIC Pressure Line

JLP JL3 JRT JR1 DR6

164-6981 Pilot / Load Sensing Pressure
(IN) (UP) Drain / Return Lines

TOUT2 TOUT1 PIN S1

Air Line
aR3 bL2
(26) VALVE GP Component Group
B B
SOLENOID (SWING) CALLOUTS
(9) FILTER GP 457-9878
Dr YY Taps (Pressure, Sampling, Sensor - by letter)
B3 B2 OIL HYDRAULIC RETURN S3
Connectors (By letter)
B1 188-4145 DL DL D

B4 Callout Number Component

(Machine Location from (52) VALVE GP - CONTROL Name
B5 B6 Component LocationsTable)
138-1234 Part Number
A1
(7) FILTER AND VALVE GP
DrB4
PILOT HYD OIL
DrB7 M5
158-8987
DrB2 X1
aR5 DrB1
DrB6 Do not operate or work on this product unless you have
dA DrB3 M3 read and understood the instruction and warnings in the
relevant Operation and Maintenance Manuals and
(16) SENSOR GP
(20) TANK AND FILTER GP relevant service literature. Failure to follow the instruc-

(8) FILTER GP DrB5 PUMP 2 DISCHARGE PRESS tions or heed the warnings could result in injury or
HYDRAULIC M1 Pm
death. Proper care is your responsibility.

OIL 157-3182
196-0927
A 126-2075 A
PG PC

THIS SCHEMATIC IS FOR THE 312C AND 312C L EXCAVATOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
MEDIA NUMBER: RENR5514-02
SCHEMATIC PART NUMBER: 158-8235, CHANGE: 07, VERSION: HE
Components are shown installed on a fully operable machine with the key and engine off.
Refer to the appropriate Service Manual for Troubleshooting, Specifications and Systems Operations.
Refer to the Parts Manual using a specific serial number prefix in SIS before ordering parts from this schematic.

14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
MACHINE - RH VIEW
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS
6

3
2 23

24
4
21 5
11

17

18

19

12

14 9
20
16
15 7
13 1 8
MAIN CONTROL VALVE

22
PILOT MANIFOLD
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS

10 26 25

27