249

Division LANAO DEL NORTE

School Grade Level 9
Teacher Learning Area SCIENCE
Time & Dates Week 7 Day 4 Quarter 3rd

I. OBJECTIVES
The learners demonstrate the relationship between the visible
A. Content Standards
constellations in the sky and Earth’s position along its orbit.
B. Performance The learners discuss whether or not popular beliefs and practices with
Standards regard to constellations and astrology have scientific basis.
C. Learning The learners should be able to infer the characteristics of stars based
Competencies/ on the characteristics of the Sun. (S9ES-III-g-32)
Objectives (Write
the code for each
LC)
a. Differentiate apparent and absolute brightness of the stars.
D. Specific Objectives b. Illustrate the effect of distance to apparent brightness.
c. Discuss the statement “don’t judge the book by its cover”.
E. Integration of Arts, Music, Math, History, English, EsP
Content Within and
Across Curriculum
II. CONTENT
Characteristics of Stars: Brightness of Star
A. Subject Matter
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pp. 160
Pages
2. Learner’s Material pp.213-216
Pages
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional
Materials from LR
Portal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5ntat4mKbQ
B. Other Learning
Resources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfsUhOPCMaM&t=14s

Learner’s Expected
IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity/ies
Response/s
Elicit (3 mins) Alnilam - Blue
Vega - White
Mix and Match: Ask 10 volunteers Sun - Yellow
from the class to do the activity. Epsilon Iridani - Orange
Each student will be given a strip Proxima Centuari - Red
A. Reviewing previous
with corresponding word on it. Do
lesson or
the Mix by letting them find the
presenting the new
word that matches the word he/
lesson
she holding then Match. Show the
matched words to class and let
them arranged themselves
according to decreasing
temperature of the stars.
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Engage
(4 mins)

Picture 1

Students’ answer may vary

B. Establishing a
purpose for the
Picture 2
lesson
Show the pictures to the class
and ask them: In picture 1, what
bulb produces the brightest light?
Why is it so? In picture 2, what light
appears to be the brightest
considering that the 3 have the
same wattage?

Unlocking of Difficulties:
1. Apparent brightness - the star’s
brightness as seen from Earth
2. Absolute brightness – actual
brightness of the star
(5 mins)
C. Presenting Students will be asked to sing the Students will “hypothesize.”
examples/ song “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”
instances of the then ask them, “do stars really
new lesson twinkle?”

D. Discussing new Explore (15 mins) .

concepts and Students will be grouped into 3. Students perform the activity
practicing new skills Each group will perform different and the teacher will facilitate.
#1 activity. Activity sheet will be
provided for each group. Reporter In activity 1: The two flashlight
for each group will present their have the same brightness
output after.
In activity 2: The flashlight in
(See attached Activity Sheets 1, 2 front of the observer appears to
and 3 for Groups 1, 2, and 3 be brighter than the flashlight
accordingly.) placed at the back although they
are identical.

In activity 3: The flashlight in

front appears to be brighter than
the bigger flashlight at the back

Guide question: In Activity 1: When two stars

In activity 1, 2 and 3. Relate the
brightness of the two flashlights to
the brightness of the stars.
have the same size, they have
the same actual or absolute
brightness.
In Activity 2: The closer the star
is to Earth, the brighter it

(10 mins) Computer-Aided
Instruction (CAI)
Film-Viewing: Apparent Brightness
and Absolute Brightness of Stars;
Effect of Distance to Apparent
Brightness of Stars
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=I5ntat4mKbQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=yfsUhOPCMaM&t=14s
Note: Q and A will follow right after
the presentation of the video clip
and all misconceptions will be
corrected.
The following questions will be
E. Discussing new posted on the board to guide the
concepts and students in viewing the video clip.
practicing new skills
#2 1. What effect does the distance of
the light sources have on the
apparent brightness of stars?
2. What is the relationship between
the distance and the apparent
brightness of the star?
3. Can apparent brightness of stars
be measured?
Explain (4 mins)
F. Developing mastery Based on the song that you sang a
while ago, do stars really twinkle?
251
appears and this is called
apparent brightness.
In Activity 3: As the size of a star
increases, brightness increases.
But even if the star is bigger and
brighter but it is farther away
from the earth it appears to be
dimmer than that of the smaller
star closer to the Earth.
Students view the video
1. As long as the two light
sources are the same, the
farther away the light, the
dimmer it seems. The closer light
is much brighter even though the
lights have the same brightness.
2. The apparent brightness of a
star is proportional to 1 divided by
its distance squared. That is, if you
took a star and moved it twice as
far away, it would appear 1/4 as
bright; if you moved it four times
the distance, it would appear 1/16
as bright.
3. Yes, The process of mea-
suring the apparent brightness of
stars is called photometry (from
the Greek photo meaning “light”
and –metry meaning “to
measure”). Astronomical photo-
metry began with Hipparchus.
around 150 B.C.
Stars do not really twinkle.
As the apparent brightness of
the stars enters our atmosphere
and is affected by winds and by
areas with different tempera-
tures, they just appear to twinkle
when seen from the surface of
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Earth.
When you look up at the night
sky, some stars are very bright,
this is usually means the star is
closer to the Earth and other
stars you can barely see, which
means that they are far away.
Elaborate (5 mins) The English idiom "don't judge
How do you relate the apparent a book by its cover" is a
brightness of the stars to the metaphorical phrase that means
saying “don’t judge the book by its one shouldn't prejudge the worth
cover?” or value of something by its
G. Finding practical
outward appearance alone.
applications of
concepts and skills
For example, "The star look very
in daily living
small and dim as you viewed it in
the night sky, but don't judge a
book by its cover – it’s size is big
and has great absolute
brightness".
(7 mins) Sentence Completion:
Let one representative from each
group to supply the missing
concepts about the brightness of
the stars.
1. apparent brightness
1. The brightness
of the star as seen from Earth is
H. Making called ____________________. 2. brighter
generalization and 2. The closer the star is, the
abstractions about ______________ it appears.
the lesson 3. absolute brightness
3. The actual brightness of the star
is called ___________.
4. size, color, temperature and
4. The brightness of the stars distance from the Earth
depends on _____________,
_____________, ___________,
and ______________.

I. Evaluating learning Evaluate (5 mins) Multiple

Choice. Write the letter of the 1. a
correct answer. 2. c
3. d
1. Star ‘A’ has greater absolute 4. b
brightness than star ‘B’. Which star 5. a
is larger?
a. Star ‘A’
b. Star ‘B’
c. They are the same size.
d. Non e of the above.

2. Two stars are the same distance

from you. Star 1 seems much
brighter than Star 2. You are
measuring the brightness of these
two stars using _____.
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a. apparent magnitude
b. astrology
c. absolute magnitude
d. the brightness scale for science

3. The brightness of a star

depends on all of these EXCEPT..
a. temperature
b. distance
c. size
d. amount of oxygen

4. Apparent brightness is what?

a. how bright a star actually is
b. how bright a star looks from
Earth
c. how hot the star is
d. the size of the star

5. Absolute brightness is what?

a. how bright a star actually is
b. how bright a star looks from
Earth
c. how hot the star is
d. the color of the star
Extend (2 mins) Observe the night
J. Additional activities
sky for 10 minutes and draw the
for application or
patterns you have seen in a long
remediation
size bond paper.

V. REMARKS

A. REFLECTION

A. No. of learners who

earned 80% on the
formative
assessment
B. No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation

C. Did the remedial

lessons work? No.
of learners who
have caught up with
the lesson.

D. No. of learners who

continue to require
remediation

E. Which of my
teaching strategies
worked well? Why
did these work?
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F. What difficulties did I

encounter which my
principal or
supervisor can help
me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials
did I use / discover
which I wish to
share with other
teachers?
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Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name:__1___________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 2 identical small flashlights

Procedure:

1. Place the two identical small flashlights on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Darken the room and turn on the two flashlights. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)

Illustration Observation
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Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name: ___2_________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 2 identical small flashlights

Procedure:

1. Place one small flashlight on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Place the other flashlight on a table or chair at the back of the room. Darken the room and turn on
the two flashlights.
3. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
4. Which flashlight appears to be brighter?
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)
Illustration Observation
 257

Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name: __3_________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 1 small flashlight

1 big flashlight

Procedure:
Group 3.
1. Place the small flashlight on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Place the big flashlight at the back of the room. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
Which flashlight appears to be brighter?
3. Adjust the positions of the flashlights until they appear to have the same brightness.
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)

Illustration Observation
 258

Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name:__1___________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 2 identical small flashlights

Procedure:
1. Place the two identical small flashlights on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Darken the room and turn on the two flashlights. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)

Illustration Observation

The two flashlight have the same brightness

two identical flashlight

 259

Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name:__2___________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 2 identical small flashlights

Procedure:
1. Place one small flashlight on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Place the other flashlight on a table or chair at the back of the room. Darken the room and turn on
the two flashlights.
3. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
4. Which flashlight appears to be brighter?
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)

Illustration Observation

The flashlight in front of the observer appears to

be brighter than the flashlight placed at the back
although they are identical.

two identical flashlight

 260

Name:______________________________Year and Section:_______________ Date: _________

Group No./Name: __3_________ Score: ____________ Verified by: ___________

Characteristics of Stars: Brightness

Objective:
Explain the factors that may affect the brightness of a star.

Materials: 1 small flashlight

1 big flashlight

Procedure:
Group 3.
1. Place the small flashlight on a table or chair near the front of the room.
2. Place the big flashlight at the back of the room. Compare the brightness of the two flashlights.
Which flashlight appears to be brighter?
3. Adjust the positions of the flashlights until they appear to have the same brightness.
(Note: the observers must stand in front of the flashlights)

Illustration Observation
A.

The flashlight in front appears to be brighter

than the bigger flashlight at the back.

B.

At this position the two flashlights have same

brightness.

adjusted position to have the same brightness