CHUYỂN ĐỔI THÌ HTHT SANG QKĐ

A. Lý thuyết cách chuyển từ hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn và ngược lại
Dạng này có các mẫu sau đây:
Dạng 1. This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta)
=> I have never seen him before. (tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó
=> ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.
The first time: lần đầu tiên
Never ...before : chưa bao giờ trước đây
Dạng 2. I started / begun studying English 3 years ago. (tôi bắt đầu học Tiếng
Anh cách đây 3 năm)
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( tôi học Tiếng Anh được 3 năm )
Mẫu này có dạng:
...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian
=> .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giử nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổi when
thành since thôi
Dạng 3. I last saw him when I was a student. (lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là
khi tôi là sinh viên)
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student. (tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi
là sinh viên)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi ....
=> ..không làm chuyện đó từ khi ....
Last : lần cuối
Since : từ khi
Dạng 4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago. (lần cuối cô ta
đi chơi với anh ta cách đây 2 năm)
=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh
ta đã 2 năm nay )
Tương tự mẫu 3 nhưng khác phần sau thôi
Dạng 5. It's ten years since I last met him. (đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần
cuối)
=> I haven't met him for ten years. (tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối
=> ..không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian
Dạng 6. When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?
=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
Mẫu này có dạng:
when: thì dùng quá khứ đơn
How long: thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành
B. Bài tập chuyển đổi thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn có đáp án
I. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) This is the first time he went abroad.
=> He hasn't.................................................................................................
2) She started driving 1 month ago.
=> She has....................................................................................................
3) We began eating when it started to rain.
=> We have...................................................................................................
4) I last had my hair cut when I left her.
=> I haven't....................................................................................................
5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
=> She hasn't.................................................................................................
6) It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't................................................................................................
7) When did you have it ?
=> How long .................................................................................................?
8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .
=> I haven't..................................................................................................
9) I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last ..................................................................................................
10) I haven't taken a bath since Monday.
=> It is .........................................................................................................
11) Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
Samuel has ___________________________________
12)We started learning English fìve years ago.
We have ___________________________________
13) I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
I have ___________________________________
14) She has taught the children in this remote village for five months
She started ___________________________________
15) He has written to me since April.
The last time __________________________________
16) She hasn’t had a swim for five years
She last __________________________________
17) They last talked to each other two months ago
They haven’t __________________________________
18) The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
She hasn’t __________________________________
19) She hasn’t written to me for years
It’s years __________________________________
20) Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
It’s ten years __________________________________
III. Circle the mistake and then correct it
1. Frank has done (A) his homework and then listened (B) to music.
2. The children have put (A) away their toys but they didn’t make (B) their beds
yet.
3. Jim learned (A) a lot since he started (B) the language course.
4. Helen has finished (A) her lunch and she went (B) out to play.
5. They haven’t seen (A) each other since September when they have met (B) at
Mary's party.
6. Peter has bought (A) a new MP3 player yesterday but I haven’t seen (B) it yet.
7. The hockey player hit (A) his head on Friday and he was (B) in hospital since
then.
IV. Rewrite the sentences using the words given
1. Dorothy has just watered the flowers. (two minutes ago)
_______________________________________________
2. We didn’t get ready for the party. (yet)
_______________________________________________
3. She has already done the washing up. (an hour ago)
_______________________________________________
4. Have you ever visited an orphanage? (last year)
_______________________________________________
5. Uncle Tom took me to the school today. (already)
_______________________________________________
6. Haven't you put on your jacket yet? (in the morning)
_______________________________________________
7. Susan didn't spend her summer in Italy last year. (never)
_______________________________________________
8. The children didn't return back from the school. (yet)
_______________________________________________
Đáp án
V/ Put in the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.
1. Martin (be) ________ to Greek five times. He loves the place.
2. I (work) ________ for a computer company for a year. That was after college.
3. We (move) ________here in 1993. We (be) ________ here a long time now.
4. It isn’t a very good party. Most people (already/ go) ________ home.
5. It was so hot today that I (wear) ________ shorts and a T-shirt at work.
6. My wife and I (move) ________ three times since we (get) married.
7. So far this week there (be) ________ three burglaries in our street.
8. When I was younger I (play) ________ badminton for my local team.
9. In the past few years, it (become) ________ more and more difficult to get
into university.
10. I (enjoy) ________ skiing ever since I (live) ________ in Switzerland.
11. I (not see) ________ Rachel for ages. She (not visit) ________ us since July.
VI/ Viết lại câu từ quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành không làm thay
đổi nghĩa.
1/ The last time I cooked was 3 years ago.
-> _________________________________
2/ When did you bought that bag?
-> _________________________________
3/ I last saw him 2 days ago.
-> _________________________________
4/ I started writing blog 2 months ago
-> _________________________________
5/ She began living in Danang when she was a child.
-> _________________________________
6/ It is 5 years since I last visit my grandparents.
-> _________________________________
7/ When did you start loving him?
-> _________________________________
8/ The last time I went to bar was 6 years ago.
-> _________________________________
9/ It’s years since she wrote to me.
-> _________________________________
10/ I last took a bath 2 days ago.
-> _________________________________
Đáp án
1 - I haven’t cooked for 3 years
2 - How long have you bought that bag?
3 - I haven’t seen him for 2 days.
4 - I have written blog for 2 months.
5 - She has lived in Danang since she was a child.
6 - I haven’t visited my grandparents for 5 years.
7 - How long have you loved him?
8 - I haven’t gone to bar for 6 years.
9 - She hasn’t written to me for years.
10 - I haven’t taken a bath for 2 days.
VII/ Bài tập chuyển đổi thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn
1/ How long have you been here?
-> ____________________________
2/ This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful girl.
-> _____________________________________
3/ I haven’t gone to school for 4 months because of covid-19.
-> ___________________________________
-> _________________________________
-> _____________________________________
4/ I have never visited Halong Bay before.
-> __________________________________
5/ I haven’t cheated in exam for years.
-> _______________________________________
-> _______________________________________
-> ________________________________________
6/ I have married for 10 years.
-> _________________________________________
7/ How long have she lived in Danang?
-> ________________________________________
8/ He hasn’t smoked for 2 years.
-> __________________________________________
-> ______________________________________
-> ______________________________________
9/ I have learnt French for 3 years.
-> ____________________________________
10/ I haven’t met her for 5 days.
-> __________________________________
-> __________________________________
-> ___________________________________
VIII. Complete the second sentence using the word in brackets so that it has
the same meaning as the first one
1. I left Japan ten years ago
It _________________________________. (since)
2. My father started washing his car in the morning.
My father __________________________. (since)
3. Tom has been collecting stamps since he was a kid.
Tom ______________________________. (when)
4. It has been two months since my arrival in Tokyo
I _________________________________. (ago)
5. He died three years ago.
He ________________________________. (been)
6. She started planting roses at half past seven.
She _______________________________. (since)
7. They came to live in London two years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
8. He last wrote to her in March. (since)
___________________________________________
9. Jack and Linda started working here five years ago. (since)
___________________________________________
10. We got married three years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
11. The last time she wrote an email was four years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
12. We arrrived late at the theatre. The play had begun before we arrived. (By
the time…)
___________________________________________