CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ

KHỨ ĐƠN ( VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI )

1. This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta )
=>I have never seen him before. ( tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó => ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.

The first time + S + have/has + V3 / ed + …

 S + have / has + never + V3 / ed ...before
2.I started / began studying English 3 years ago. (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách đây 3 năm )
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( tôi học TA được 3 năm )
Mẫu này có dạng :
...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian => .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời
gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giöõ nguyên mệnh đề chỉ
đổi when thành since
S + started / began + V ( ing)/ To + V(inf) + thôøi gian trong quaù
khöù
 S + have / has + V(ed/3) + for / since + thôøi gian
3. I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là SV )
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là SV )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi .... => ..không làm chuyện đó từ khi ....
Last : lần cuối. Since : từ khi
S1 + last + V2 / ed + when + S2 + V2 / ed ……..
 S1 + have / has + V3 / ed + since + S2 + V2 / ed ……..
4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago
(Lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với anh ta cách đây 2 năm )
 She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã
2 năm nay )
The last time + S + V2 / ed + …… + was + thôøi gian trong quaù khöù
 S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3 / ed + ……………… + for / since + thôøi gian
5. It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối )
=> I haven't met him for ten years . ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối => ..không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời
gian
It's + thôøi gian + since + S + last + V2 / ed + ……

 S + haven't / hasn’t + V3 / ed + …+ for / since + thôøi gian

6. When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?
=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
Mẫu này có dạng :when : thì dùng quá khứ đơn  How long : thì dùng hiện tại
hoàn thành
When + did + S + V0 / Vs / es ….. ? / How long ago + did + S + V0?
=> How long + have / has + S + V3 / ed ?
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 Bài tập viết lại câu thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn

1. Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997.

 Samuel has ___________________________________________________________
2. We started leaming English fìve years ago.
 We have _____________________________________________________________
3. I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
 I have _______________________________________________________________
4. She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
 She started ___________________________________________________________
5. He has written to me since April.
 The last time __________________________________________________________
6. She hasn’t had a swim for five years.
 She last ______________________________________________________________
7. They last talked to each other two months ago.
 They haven’t __________________________________________________________
8. The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999.
 She hasn’t ____________________________________________________________
9. She hasn’t written to me for years.
 It’s years _____________________________________________________________
10. Robert and Catherine have been married for ten ỵears.
 It’s ten years __________________________________________________________
11. It’s two weeks since they deaned their room.
 They ________________________________________________________________
12. It’s over six months since John had his hair cut.
 John ________________________________________________________________
13. How long is it since you rode a bicyde?
 When _______________________________________________________________
14. How long is it since he wrote to ỵou?
 When _______________________________________________________________
15. When did he last talk to you?
 How long ___________________________________________________________
16. When did you last telephone him?
 Hong long ___________________________________________________________
17. We have never eaten this kind of food before.
 It’s the ______________________________________________________________
18. This is the fìrst time I have seen this fìlm.
 I have never __________________________________________________________
19. This is the first time he went abroad.
 He hasn’t ____________________________________________________________
20. She started driving 1 month ago.
 She has ______________________________________________________________
21. We began eating when it started to rain.
 We have _____________________________________________________________
22. I last had my hair cut when I left her.

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  I haven’t _____________________________________________________________
23. The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
 She hasn’t____________________________________________________________
24. It is a long time since we last met.
 We haven’t___________________________________________________________
25. When did you have it ?
 How long____________________________________________________________
26. This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .
 I haven’t____________________________________________________________
27. I haven’t seen him for 8 days.
 The last_____________________________________________________________
28. I haven’t taken a bath since Monday.
 It is________________________________________________________________
29. It's 2 years since I had a punture.
 I have ____________________________________________________________________
30. It's 2 months since he earned any money.
 He has ___________________________________________________________________
31. He last shaved the day before yesterday.
 He hasn’t _________________________________________________________________
32. I last drank champagne at my brother's wedding.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
33. It's 2 years since I was last in Rome.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
34. I saw Tom last on his wedding day.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
35. I last ate raw fish when I was in Japan.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
36. It's years since Mary last spoke French.
 Mary hasn’t ________________________________________________________________
37. It's ten weeks since since I last had a good night sleep.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
38. He last paid taxes in 1970.
 He hasn’t _________________________________________________________________
39. I last ate meat 5 years ago.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
40. It's 3 months since since the windows were cleaned.
 The windows haven’t ________________________________________________________
41. It's years since I took photographs.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________
42. I last watched TV on new years's day.
 I haven’t __________________________________________________________________

Chia các động từ trong ngoặc ra thì simple past hoặc present perfect:
1. We (study) ……………a very hard lesson the day before yesterday
2. We (study) ……………………almost every lesson in this book so far
3. We (have/ never /watch)……………….that television program
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4. We (watch) …………………….an interesting program on television last night
5. My wife and I ……………… (travel)by air many times in the past
6. My wife and I (travell)……………….. to Mexico by air last summer
7. I (read) ………………that novel by Hemingway sevaral times before.
8. I (read) …………………….that novel again during my last vacation .
9. I (had) …………………….a little trouble with my car last week.
10. However, I (have )……………………. no trouble with my car since then.
11. I (have ) ………………..this toy since my birthday.
12. We (live )………………….in HN for ten years now and like it a lot.
13. The last time I (go) ……………………to HN was in May
14. When my parents were on holiday I ( stay)……………… with my aunt for a week
15. I (not see ) .........................my son for ages .He (not visit ) ……………………..me since May
16. Tom ( be) …………….to HN twice .He loves it very much
17. My sister (work ) ………………for an enterprise for two years .That was after college
18. I (move)……………… to HN in 2001 .I (be ) ………….there for a long time now.
19. It was so cold today that I (wear)…………… a sweater at school
20. So far this month there (be )……………………. three robberies in this street
21. When I was young I (meet )…………..him three times
22. In the past few years ,it (become )……………….. more and more difficult to get into university
23. I (feel )………………better since I ( live) ……………….here
24. Since I (be ) ……………………in this city I ( not see)…………… him

Bài tập 1:
1) The police....................................................two people early this morning. (to arrest)
2) She........................to Japan but now she...........................back. (to go - to come)
3) Dan............................two tablets this year. (already/to buy)
4) How many games..............................so far this season? (your team/to win)
5).........................the CN Tower when you.............................in Toronto? (you/to visit - to stay)
6)..........................your homework yet? – Yes, I............................it an hour ago. (you/to do - to
finish)
7) There....................................an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to
your school. (to be)
8) I...........................Peter since I..............................last Tuesday. (not/to see - to arrive)
9) Frank.........................his bike last May. So he..............................it for 4 months. (to get - to have)
10) I'm sorry, I...............................earlier, but I.................................a lot lately. (not/to write - to
work)

Bài tập 2:
1) Peter..................................... football yesterday.
2) They......... ………………………the car. It looks new again.
3) Last year we.................................. to Italy.
4) John and Peggy.................................... the book. Now they can watch the film.
5) I.................................... my friend two days ago.
6) We................................ another country before.
7) She................................... a new car in 2011.
8) I'm sorry, but I......... …………………………my homework.
9)...................................... the game of chess?
10) The girls......... …………………their lunch yet.