Catanduanes National High School

Justin A. Acuña

Bianca Isabel O. Asuncion

Ma. Larhette Joy L. Avila

Investigating the Capability of Papaya (Carica Papaya) Extract in Enzymatic Stain Removal
from Fabrics

Statement of the Problem

This research addresses the limited understanding of papaya (Carica Papaya) extract,

specifically papain as a potential enzymatic stain remover for diverse fabric types and

common stains. The investigation aims to contribute to eco-friendly solutions in the textile

industry.

Objectives

1. Determine the effectiveness of Papain on Fabrics using the…

a. Visibility of Stain
b. Color Preservation
c. Stain Residue

2. Does the effectiveness of papain differ on the type of fabric in terms of …

a. Colorfastness
b. Texture Alteration
c. Visibility of Stain

Related Literature

Papain is a cysteine protease on which extensive research was done and displays stability and

activity under a wide range of conditions. It is highly stable even at higher temperatures. The

sequence and three-dimensional structure of papain are known. The latex of Carica papaya is

a rich source of Papain. The Discovery of these enzymes and their stain-removing properties

is often credited to Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch, a German chemist who conducted research on

papain in the early 20th Century (Shankar, 2018). Protein-based stains on clothing are a sub-

set of organic stains specifically in involve substances rich in proteins, like food stains. These

stains often require treatment with enzyme-based detergents due to the nature of proteins.

Enzymatic stains include blood stains and grass stains, which are both largely the result of
proteins. Enzymes in stain remover formulations can be used to break these down.

Specifically, proteases will break down proteins by breaking the larger molecules into

smaller, soluble chunks. Human sweat stains can also be removed by proteases. Other

molecules that can be broken down by enzymes include fats, broken down by lipases, and

starch, broken down by amylases. (Brunning, 2015)

Utilizing Citrus Peel Extract for the Development of Natural Alcohol-Based Disinfectants

Statement of the Problem

This study focuses on how citrus peel extract could be a natural alcohol disinfectant. This

strategy offers a sustainable method for waste management and provides an alternative to

synthetic disinfectants.

Objectives

1. Will the alcohol produced be effective in daily use in terms of…

a. Safety for regular use

b. Ph. Measurement
c. Patch testing
d. Odor
e. Sterilizing Qualities

2. What will be the best ratio for antimicrobial properties?

Related Literature

Organic waste is waste that contains carbon compounds that come from living things, such as

fruit and vegetable waste, organic and non-organic waste can still be processed into useful

products. Eco-enzyme is a liquid extract made by fermenting vegetable and fruit residues,

usually with brown sugar. Eco enzyme mixed with water solution will react and can be used

to act as a liquid disinfectant (Rhudianasari, et al,2022).

Utilizing the Aromatic Essence: Investigating Guava (Psidium guajava L) Scented Oil

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to develop a high-quality scented oil using guava essence that maintains its

natural fragrance over time while ensuring sustainability, and cost-effectiveness.

Objectives

1. Is the guava effective to use as a scented oil in terms of…

a. Fragrance Longevity

b. Sensory Appeal

2. How strong can the scent of the guava be put into a measure in a humidifier in terms of…

a. Concentration Control

b. Duration of Use

Related Literature

Scented oils also known as fragrance oils are blended synthetic aroma compounds or natural

essential oils that are diluted with a carrier like propylene glycol, vegetable oil, or mineral oil.

Essential oil plant content can be affected by several factors. For example, in certain plants,

collection time has been observed to affect the content and chemical composition of the

essential oil obtained from the plant which turns a fruit plant into a scented oil you may use

guava, apple, and other fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of

collection time on the content and chemical composition of the essential oil from guava

(Psidium guajava L.) (Beatriz, et al.,2016)