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ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
FOR
INSULATION DESIGN
Linde Engineering
CONTENTS
Page
1. GENERAL
2. DESIGN
3. MATERIAL
4. INSTALLATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
APPENDIX
1. GENERAL
1.1 Intent
This specification covers the requirements in the design and materials of the thermal insulation for hot
and cold services, acoustic service in the Tasnee Ethylene plants and common facilities.
1.2 Scope
This specification shall be applied to the insulation for equipment and piping shown on the Piping and
Instrument Diagram (hereinafter referred to as P & ID), The insulation to be supplied by manufacturer
as a part of equipment shall be agreed at order placement.
1.4 Units
Unless otherwise specified, metric, Celsius, and kilogram units shall be applied as the measurement
system for the drawings and documents to be submitted. However, nominal size of piping components
shall be in accordance with inch system, which abbreviation is (B).
2. DESIGN
2.1 General
C Cold insulation
Cold insulation
AS Anti-sweat insulation
N No insulation
2.1.2 The design temperature to be used for selection of insulation material and calculation of insulation
thickness shall be inside fluid normal operating temperature in case of hot and personnel
protection insulation, whereas it shall be inside fluid minimum operating temperature in case of
cold insulation.
2.1.3 Thickness of insulation for protrusions and attachments shall be determined based on their
equivalent diameter and operating temperature of the surface they are attached to.
2.1.4 Thermal conductivity of hot and cold insulation materials shall be in accordance with ASTM or
applicable codes.
2.2.1 Normal heat conservation insulation (H) shall be generally applied to equipment and piping
operating at 80 deg.C and higher, except for the case where heat loss is desired.
All valves and flanged connections shall be insulated except the piping in para. 2.2.6. Specially,
personal protection(S) shall be applied on valves and flanged connections in normal heat
conservation(H) for safety protection.
2.2.2 For equipment and piping with inside lining of refractory or insulating material, external insulation
shall not be applied, except for the case where the metal temperature must be controlled.
2.2.3 Insulation for personnel protection (S) shall be applied to uninsulated equipment and piping
operating at 65 deg.C and higher, within the area shown below, where operators, while working,
can inadvertently come to contact with them
(1) Within 1800 mm height from ground or floor level
(2) Within 600 mm distance beyond the edge of platform or walkway
2.2.4 Insulation for safety and Additional hot surface protection (SP) shall be applied to uninsulated
equipment and piping operating at 65 deg.C and higher, within the area shown below, where
operators, while working, can inadvertently come to contact with them
(1) Within 1800 mm height from ground or floor level
(2) Within 600 mm distance beyond the edge of platform or walkway
However, if the piping applying insulation for safety and additional hot surface protection is in
hazardous area, insulation shall be applied to all piping including un-contacted area with
operators. Surface temperature of piping applying insulation for safety and additional hot surface
protection in hazardous area shall not be higher than 200 deg.C. In that case, thickness shall be
25 mm.
2.2.5 When insulation of tower and tank is to be extended to the skirts, insulation shall be as follows:
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 6 OF 14
2.2.6 Flanges and valves in the following lines shall not be hot insulated.
(1) Piping on discharge side of steam blow-off valves.
(2) Heat control lines which medium is saturated steam lower than 5 kg/cm2 in pressure or
superheated steam not lower than 50 deg.C in degree of superheat.
2.2.7 Steam traps and the downstream lines of them shall not be hot insulated, except when the heat
of the condensate is to be recovered and also when winterizing is necessary, or where
application per 2.2.3 is required.
2.2.8 The following equipment and its parts shall not be hot insulated unless otherwise specified.
(1) Pumps operating at below 230 deg.C except steam traced or electric traced
(2) Pumps operating at 230 deg.C and higher when insulation would cause undesirable effect
(3) Blowers and compressors
(4) Moving parts, such as expansion and swivel joints, and sliding valves
2.3.1 Anti-sweat insulation (AS) shall be applied to equipment and piping operating below dew point if
surface condensation of moisture would give adverse effect as shown below:
(1) Electrical hazard
(2) Damage to equipment
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 7 OF 14
2.3.2 Anti-sweat insulation (AS) for valves shall be up to the valve bonnet, and safety valve shall be
insulated up to discharge flange.
Extended valve bonnet shall be insulated up to 1/2 height of extended bonnet column.
2.3.3 In general, pumps operating at 0 deg.C and higher shall not be refrigeration insulated.
2.3.4 Thickness of insulation of attachments and protrusions shall be the same as the adjoining
insulation and will extend along the projection of attachments and protrusions a minimum of four
times the insulation thickness. Examples of such attachments or protrusions are skirts or legs of
tower and vessel, pipe hanger supports, instrument connections, thermo-couple assemblies,
platform steel attached to vessels, vents, drains or pressure taps.
2.3.5 Branch lines shall be insulated a distance of four times the adjoining insulation thickness or a
minimum of 300 mm beyond the first block valve.
2.4.1 A combination of cold and hot insulation must be considered for lines which under normal
operating conditions would require cold insulation, but where there is another operation mode
possible in which very high temperature area expected.
2.4.2 Typical application area for dual purpose insulation area for example the lines around dryers,
which can be exposed to very high temperatures during the regeneration procedure.
Acoustical insulation shall be applied to such parts as around reducing valves, blow-off valves and
equipment, where noise originates from. These parts shall be indicated on the Line Schedule, P & ID
and Process Data.
2.5.1 All valves, flanges, pipe supports and expansion joints shall be insulated to the same thickness
as the pipe, except insulation code HA0, HA1 & CA1, and where insulation of these items is not
allowed for other reasons (e.g. flanges in hydrogen service). Pipe supports shall be insulated up
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 8 OF 14
2.5.2 An essential feature of acoustic insulation is that the jacketing shall not be in metal-to-metal
contact with the pipe. At positions where metal-to-metal contact would normally occur between
jacketing and pipe surface, minimum clearance of 5mm shall be provided and weatherproofed
with a flexible mastic compound. Special attention shall be paid to the prevention of noise
leakage through gaps. (See Appendix Ⅴ . “Installation of Acoustic Insulation”)
2.5.3 Valves, flanges and expansion joints shall be surrounded by removable insulation covers.
Acoustic insulation covers shall be easily dismounted to provide access to those items. Joints
shall be sealed to prevent noise leakage with a flexible mastic compound.
2.5.4 At all exposed flanges the acoustic insulation shall be terminated at a distance of bolt length plus
30mm.
2.5.5 If the acoustic insulation shall also serve for hot insulation(HA0/1/2/3), the thickness of the
insulation shall be determined by the more stringent of the two requirements. Mineral fiber shall
be used as the acoustic insulation material.
2.5.6 If the acoustic insulation shall also serve for cold insulation(CA0/1/2/3), the cold insulation
system in accordance with Appendix II shall be applied to the pipe first and the acoustic
insulation shall then be applied on top. To prevent condensation at the interface between the
two layers a second vapor barrier shall be applied outside the external layer.
2.5.7 If the acoustic insulation shall also serve for dual purpose insulation(DA1/2/3), mineral fiber shall
be applied to the pipe first and cellular glass shall then be applied on top in accordance with
thickness of cellular glass in Appendix Ⅳ. The thickness of mineral fiber for acoustic and heat
conservation insulation shall be determined by the more stringent of the two requirements. To
prevent condensation at the interface between the two layers a second vapor barrier shall be
applied outside the external layer.
2.6.1 Thickness of hot and cold insulation shall be determined in accordance with JIS A 9501.
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 9 OF 14
The hot insulation thickness shall be the economical thickness. The cold insulation thickness
shall be sufficient to prevent surface condensing. The basic conditions to calculate insulation
thickness are as follows.
Basic Condition Hot Insulation Cold Insulation
2.6.2 Insulation thickness for piping shall be so designated on the Piping Line Schedule and
Equipment insulation schedule.
2.6.4 For towers in which inside temperature varies with height, insulation thickness shall be varied
accordingly.
2.6.5 Insulation thickness for hot and cold service shall be in accordance with Appendixes Ⅰ and Ⅱ .
2.6.6 Personnel Protection insulation thickness for hot service should be in accordance with
Appendix Ⅲ .
2.6.7 Insulation thickness for dual purpose insulation shall be in accordance with Appendix Ⅳ.
HA0 & CA0 25 mm single layer AL-Zn coated steel sheet For all pipe size
HA1 & CA1 50 mm single layer AL-Zn coated steel sheet For all pipe size
HA2 & CA2 100 mm single layer AL-Zn coated steel sheet For all pipe size
50 mm first layer AL-Zn coated steel sheet For nominal pipe
HA3 & CA3
50 mm second layer AL-Zn coated steel sheet size 6B and larger
3. MATERIAL
3.1 General
3.1.1 Materials shall be in accordance with ASTM code, those not covered in ASTM code shall conform
to JIS code or equivalent.
3.1.2 Urethane shall not be used without approval of owner/purchaser and shall be restricted to outdoor
use only because of possible toxic qualities.
3.1.3 Only proven stress corrosion safe insulation materials shall be applied over stainless steel. The
minimum allowable value of sodium plus silicate shall be in accordance with figure 1 of ASTM
C795 for acceptability of insulation materials.
3.1.4 Insulation materials containing sodium silicate shall not be used for insulating austenitic steels
containing molybdenum (such as type 316) operating at 815 deg.C or greater.
3.1.6 The finish cover for insulation shall be aluminum jacketing, stainless steel depending on temper-
ature and environment.
3.1.7 Stainless steel jacketing and bands rather than aluminum shall be used in contact with metal
surfaces, such as enclosure for insulation ends, whose normal operating temperature exceeds
260 deg.C and in atmospheric corrosion areas.
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 11 OF 14
Specification and application of hot insulation and personnel protection insulation materials shall be as
follows. Thermal conductivity shall be in accordance with applicable ASTM or JIS codes.
Specification and application of cold insulation (including anti-sweat insulation) materials shall be as
follows:
Note: Stainless steel jacketing rather than aluminum-zinc shall be used in acoustically insulated line
whose normal operating temperature exceeds 500 deg C.
Stainless steel ASTM A 666 0.4t ×13w For piping and equipment larger than
Bands Type 304 1200 mm OD.
Stainless steel ASTM A 666 0.5t ×19w For piping and equipment larger than
Bands Type 304 900mm OD.
3.6.3 Stainless steel wires and bands shall be used for fastening of the first layer when insulation
material is installed in two or more layers.
3.7.1 Specification and application of auxiliary materials for hot insulation shall be as follows:
Joint filling Water-kneaded powder of the same For filling into joints of heat insulating
material quality as the heat insulating material
material
Weather proofing Foster No. Mastic 35-00 or For bent pipe, heads of equipment,
mastic equipment pump, etc.
Process Engineering ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
DOC. NO. : SE-L-SG0003
INSULATION DESIGN
DATE: Nov., 30, 2006
PAGE 14 OF 14
3.7.2 Specification and application of auxiliary materials for cold insulation should be as follows:
Reinforcing material Glass cloth Foster No. MAST- For reinforcement of mastic
A-FAB or equivalent
Anti – Abrasive Foster No. anti-abrasion For cellular glass insulation material
compound coating 30-16 or equivalent
4. INSTALLATION
Installation contractors shall prepare and provide detailed installation procedure with applicable material lists.
APPENDIX I
Appendix Ⅰ : Insulation Thickness Table for Hot Service
SE-L-SG0003
PAGE 1 OF 3
Temp.(deg.C) ~ 51~ 101~ 151~ 201~ 251~ 301~ 351~ 401~ 451~ 501~ 551~
Operating
Temp. (℃) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
1/2B 25 25 25 25 40 40 50 65 75 75 90 100
1B 25 25 25 25 40 50 65 65 75 90 100 115
~ 51~ 101~ 151~ 201~ 251~ 301~ 351~ 401~ 451~ 501~ 551~
Temp.(deg.C)
Operating
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
12B 45 65 80 100 115 130 145 160 175 195 210 230
14B 45 65 85 100 115 130 150 165 180 200 215 235
16B 50 70 85 100 120 135 150 170 185 205 220 240
18B 50 70 85 105 120 135 155 170 190 210 225 245
20B 50 70 90 105 125 140 155 175 195 210 230 250
22B 50 70 90 105 125 140 160 180 195 215 235 255
24B 50 70 90 110 125 145 160 180 200 220 240 260
26B 50 75 90 110 125 145 165 180 200 220 240 260
28B 50 75 90 110 130 145 165 185 205 225 245 265
30B 50 75 95 110 130 150 165 185 205 225 245 270
32B 50 75 95 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 270
34B 50 75 95 115 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 275
36B 50 75 95 115 130 150 170 190 210 230 255 275
38B & Larger, 55 80 105 130 150 175 200 230 255 285 315 350
Equipment
APPENDIX I
Temp.(deg.C) 451~ 501~ 551~ 601~ 651~ 701~ 751~ 801~ 851~ 901~ 951~
Operating
Temp. (℃) 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000
1-1/2B 90 100 105 115 120 130 135 145 150 160 165
2B 100 105 115 120 130 135 145 150 160 170 175
2-1/2B 105 110 120 130 135 145 155 160 170 180 185
3B 110 120 125 135 145 150 160 170 180 185 195
4B 115 125 135 145 155 160 170 180 190 200 210
6B 130 140 145 155 165 175 185 195 205 220 230
8B 135 145 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 235 245
10B 145 155 165 175 185 200 210 220 235 245 255
12B 150 160 170 180 195 205 220 230 240 255 265
14B 150 165 175 185 200 210 225 235 245 260 270
16B 155 165 180 190 205 215 230 240 255 265 280
18B 160 170 185 195 210 220 235 245 260 275 285
20B 160 175 185 200 215 225 240 250 265 280 290
22B 165 175 190 205 215 230 245 255 270 285 300
24B 165 180 190 205 220 235 245 260 275 290 300
26B 170 180 195 210 220 235 250 265 280 295 305
28B 170 185 195 210 225 240 255 270 280 295 310
30B 170 185 200 215 225 240 255 270 285 300 315
32B 170 185 200 215 230 245 260 275 290 305 320
34B 175 190 200 215 230 245 260 275 290 305 320
36B 175 190 205 220 235 250 265 280 295 310 325
38B & Larger, 205 225 245 265 285 310 330 350 375 400 420
Equipment
APPENDIX II
Appendix II : Insulation Thickness Table for Cold Service SE-L-SG0003
PAGE 1 OF 1
49 -1~ -51~ -56~ -61~ -66~ -71~ -76~ -81~ -86~ -91~ -96~ -101~ -106~ -111~ -131~ -151~
Temp.(deg.
C)
Operating 0 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 -95 -100 -105 -110 -130 -150 -180
1/2B 25 35 40 45 45 45 45 50 50 50 55 55 55 55 55 60 65
3/4B 30 40 45 45 45 50 50 50 50 55 55 55 60 60 60 65 70
1B 35 40 45 50 50 50 50 55 55 55 60 60 60 60 60 65 70
1-1/2B 40 45 50 50 55 55 55 60 60 60 65 65 65 65 65 70 75
2B 40 45 50 55 55 55 60 60 60 65 65 65 70 70 70 75 80
2-1/2B 45 50 55 55 60 60 60 65 65 65 70 70 70 75 75 80 85
3B 45 50 55 60 60 60 65 65 70 70 70 75 75 75 75 85 90
4B 50 55 60 60 65 65 65 70 70 75 75 75 80 80 80 90 95
6B 50 55 60 65 65 70 70 75 75 80 80 80 85 85 85 90 100
8B 55 60 65 65 70 70 75 75 80 80 85 85 90 90 90 100 105
38B & Larger, 70 75 80 85 85 90 95 100 100 105 110 110 115 120 120 120 125
Equipment
APPENDIX III
Appendix III : Insulation Thickness Table for Personnel
SE-L-SG0003
Protection
PAGE 1 OF 2
Temp.(deg.C) 65~ 101~ 151~ 201~ 251~ 301~ 351~ 401~ 451~ 501~ 551~
Operating
Temp. (℃) 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 45
3/4B 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 40 50
1B 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 50
1-1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 50 55
2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 40 50 60
2-1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 55 60
3B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 45 55 65
4B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 70
6B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 50 60 75
8B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 75
10B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80
12B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 70 80
14B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 70 85
16B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 60 70 85
18B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 60 70 85
20B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 60 70 85
22B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 50 60 75 85
24B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 50 60 75 90
26B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
28B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
30B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
32B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
34B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
36B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
Temp.(deg.C) 65~ 101~ 151~ 201~ 251~ 301~ 351~ 401~ 451~ 501~ 551~
Operating
Temp. (℃) 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 45 50
3/4B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 40 45 55
1B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 40 50 55
1-1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 45 55 60
2B 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 45 55 65
2-1/2B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 40 50 60 65
3B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 50 60 70
4B 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 45 55 65 75
6B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 45 55 65 80
8B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 70 80
10B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 70 85
12B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 85
14B 25 25 25 25 25 30 40 50 60 75 90
16B 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 50 65 75 90
18B 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 50 65 75 90
20B 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 50 65 75 90
22B 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 55 65 80 90
24B 25 25 25 25 25 35 40 55 65 80 95
26B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
28B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
30B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
32B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
34B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
36B 25 25 25 25 25 35 45 55 65 80 95
SE-L-SG0003
PAGE 1 OF 1
Pipe Size Hot temp. : 185 ~ 225 C Hot temp. : 125 ~ 165 C Hot temp. : 125 ~ 165 C
Cold temp.: 10 ~ 30 C Cold temp.: -100 ~ -80 C Cold temp.: -175 ~ -155 C
DETAIL "A"
SE-L-SG0003
PAGE 1 OF 2
JACKETING (BOX)
MIN. 5mm
ADHESIVE
SEALING
MASTIC
DETAIL "A"
Notes: 1. Insulation to be fixed to box parts for easy removal and replacement.
2. Indicators located on each side in horizontal line of bellows shall not be covered by insulation.
3. The indicator portion of pressure gages located on topside of bellows shall not be covered by
insulation.
Appendix Ⅳ : Installation of Acoustic Insulation APPENDIX Ⅳ
SE-L-SG0003
PAGE 2 OF 2
MASTIC SEAL
MIN.