CHAPTER 60 FOURIER SERIES FOR PERIODIC FUNCTIONS

OF PERIOD 2π

EXERCISE 263 Page 668

1. Determine the Fourier series for the periodic function:

f(x) =

which is periodic outside this range of period 2

The periodic function is shown in the diagram below.

The Fourier series is given by: f(x) = (1)

= =0

When n is even,
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When n is odd,

Hence, , , and so on.

Substituting into equation (1) gives:

f(x) = 0 + 0 +

i.e. f(x) =

2. For the Fourier series in Problem 1, deduce a series for at the point where x =

When x = , f(x) = 2, hence 2=

i.e. 2=

and

i.e.

3. For the waveform shown below determine (a) the Fourier series for the function and (b) the sum

of the Fourier series at the points of discontinuity.

(a) The Fourier series is given by: f(x) = (1)

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 = =

When n = 1,

When n = 2, and so on for all even values of n

When n = 3,

When n = 5,

Hence, , and so on.

Whatever value of n is chosen,

Substituting into equation (1) gives:

f(x) =

f(x) =
i.e.

(b) The sum of the Fourier series at the points of discontinuity (i.e. at π/2, π, 3π/2, ....) is:

4. For Problem 3, draw graphs of the first three partial sums of the Fourier series and show that as

the series is added together term by term the result approximates more and more closely to the

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 function it represents.

In the diagram below graphs of cos x, cos 3x and cos 5x and f(x) = are shown.

A graph of cos x - cos 3x + cos 5x is also shown.

Finally, a graph of f(x) = + cos x - cos 3x + cos 5x is sketched. If further harmonics

were added then the waveform would approach that shown in Problem 3.

5. Find the term representing the third harmonic for the periodic function of period 2 given by:

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 f(x) =

The periodic function is shown in the diagram below.

The third harmonic is when n = 3,

i.e.

Since the Fourier series is given by: f(x) = ,

the 3rd harmonic term is:

6. Determine the Fourier series for the periodic function of period 2 defined by:

f(t) =

The function has a period of 2

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The periodic function is shown in the diagram below.

When n is even,

When n = 1,

When n = 3,

When n = 5,

It follows that , and so on.

When n is odd,

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When n is even, ,

Similarly, , , and so on.

Substituting into f(t) =

gives: f(t) = 0 +

i.e. f(t) =

7. Show that the Fourier series for the periodic function of period 2 defined by:

f() =

is given by: f() =

The periodic function is shown in the diagram below.

=
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 =
from 6 of Table 39.1, page 468 of textbook

When n is odd,

When n = 2,

When n = 4,

When n = 6,

= =0
from 9 of Table 39.1, page 468, of textbook

Substituting into f() =

gives: f() = +0

i.e. f() =

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EXERCISE 264 Page 669

1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (a)

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